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11 Celtic Ruins and Ancient Sites in Ireland Not to Miss

By Author Lance Longwell

Posted on Last updated: March 23, 2023

From coastal castles to farmers’ fields, the landscape of Ireland is punctuated by unique ruins. The remains of early Christian churches, medieval abbeys, and castles give this beautiful county some of its character and reflect its centuries of history. In our three trips around Ireland, we have seen many of its ancient sites and Celtic ruins. Here’s a look at some of the most fascinating Irish ruins we’ve visited.

The Priory of Kells

Glendalough, baltinglass abbey, the rock of cashel, corcomroe abbey, grianan aileach, dunluce castle, jerpoint abbey, staigue fort, gallarus oratory.

The massive Priory at Kells is the largest and most important of the Augustinian monastic sites in Ireland. Kells was believed to be founded by Baron Geoffrey FitzRobert in 1193. The priory was attacked and destroyed many times between the mid-1200s and the mid-1300s.

In 1540, King Henry VIII dissolved the priory and divided the lands, which were further dispersed by Oliver Cromwell. Currently, the Priory at Kells is being restored by Ireland’s Office of Public Works (OPW) as part of an initiative to protect the Celtic ruins in the countryside.

The most striking factor of Kells is the lack of visitors. During our nearly two hours exploring the site, we saw only one other visitor – an elderly gentleman who lives nearby walking his dog. That left plenty of time to wander the complex taking photos and imaging what life must have been like here.

The monastic settlement of Glendalough was founded in the 6 th century by St. Kevin and is noted for its massive round tower standing on the valley floor in the Wicklow Mountains. Glendalough is on the tourist trail and makes a very popular lunch stopover for folks driving from Dublin to Kilkenny.

Glendalough is special for us because it was our very first Celtic ruin on our first trip Ireland . We were disappointed because it was pouring rain on the day we visited. On our second trip, we added a day to our Ireland itinerary so we could revisit Glendalough – hopefully in better weather. This trip did not disappoint.

Between Glendalough and Kilkenny is the small village of Baltinglass. As we planned our route, I noted on the map that there was a ruin in the town. Intrigued, we decided to stop for a visit, which turned out to be one of the great adventures of our trip.

The Baltinglass Abbey is not manned by staff from the OPW and only a rudimentary sign at the entrance gives any information about the site. The site is next to a modern church (St. Mary’s Church), and we arrived on a Saturday as the congregation was deep in preparations for the annual harvest feast. The parishioners are very proud of both the ruins as well as the modern church and gave us an extensive tour of both.

One of the parishioners spoke up and indicated he had a booklet about the site and wanted us to have it (the booklet is called Baltinglass and Its Abbey by The Rev. Canon Claude Chavasse). We were to follow him in our rental car to his house, which was “just over there” – a flourish of the arm in the general direction of the town.

But Mr. Carpenter’s house was not in town. So, we went over the river and through the woods before arriving at his stunning farm in the countryside. Meeting locals is always a highlight of a trip and meeting him and seeing his home was a fantastic adventure.

From the booklet, I learned that Baltinglass Abbey was completed in the 12 th century in the Irish Romanesque style. At one time, it was not only one of the richest in all of Ireland but one of the wealthiest in all of Europe.

Few sites in Ireland have as much historical significance as the Rock of Cashel . On this site above the Tipperary plain, St. Patrick converted and baptized the King of Munster in the 5 th century. For centuries, the Rock was the seat for the Kings of Munster – and was fought over by the various Celtic tribes.

In the early 1100, one of the Kings of Munster (Muirchertach Ua Briain) donated the Rock to the Catholic Church, and the rest is history. The round tower dates from ~1100 and the other buildings were added shortly thereafter.

The Rock of Cashel is one of our favorite places to visit in Ireland , so we’ve visited on each of our trips. There’s just something magical about this place towering above the plains.

Hore Abbey is just a stone’s throw from the Rock of Cashel, but it is a very different site. Originally a Benedictine abbey, it was founded in 1266. But just a few short years later in 1272, Archbishop David McCarvil expelled the Benedictines when he dreamed that they were trying to murder him. At least that’s what legend says was the reason.

The Cistercians assumed control and oversaw operations there for centuries. Now, it’s a beautiful site to explore with arches, niches, and lots of headstones. In the middle of a cow pasture, a visit here can be a little bit messy.

The Cistercians preferred isolated locations for their monasteries. Thus, this spot in what is now County Clare fit the bill for a new place to worship and live when Donal Mor O’Brien, King of Thomond, founded Corcomroe Abbey here in 1194.

Though the property has been out of use for at least 400 years, the Gothic ruins endure. Inside, visitors will find detailed carvings that are among the best the Cistercians left in Irish churches. Additionally, the near-life-sized effigy tomb of Conor O’Brien, who died in 1267, can be seen in the chancel area. It is the final resting place of the grandson of Corcomroe’s founder and one of very few such tombs honoring an Irish chieftain.

One of the defining characteristics of countryside is its ring forts, the curious ancient ruins in Ireland. We first discovered them on The Ring of Kerry. Our innkeepers in Derry recommended we visit Grianan Aileach atop a hill just west of the city and back in the Republic of Ireland (County Donegal).

Grianan Aileach was the seat of the Kingdom of Aileach, but was destroyed by the King of Munster Muirchertach Ua Briain in 1101 (the same King who donated the Rock of Cashel to the Catholic Church).

We arrived before the posted the opening time, but the gates were already open. This ring fort is completely intact (restored in the mid-1800s) and offers incredible 360 degree views of the surrounding countryside. Grianan, like other ring forts, just feels so ancient.

On the Antrim Coast Road not far from Giant’s Causeway, the majestic ruins of Dunluce Castle hang on the cliff of a small islands just offshore.

Built in the 13th century by the Earl of Ulster, the castle was ruled by the McQuillan and MacDonald clans for centuries. It has been over 200 years since the castle’s north wall crashed into the sea below, but that hasn’t dampened people’s interest in the dramatic structure.

Today, the ruins of Dunluce Castle are a popular picnic spot on the Causeway Coastal Route.

Jerpoint Abbey was completed in 1180 by the King of Osraige and was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin. Like Baltinglass, Jerpoint was a Cistercian monastery. In fact, Jerpoint was a derivative “daughter” monastery that actually reported into the “mother” Baltinglass. With stone depictions of medieval knights and a decorated cloister, there is lots to see here.

Like Grianan Aileach, the Staigue ring fort is a prehistoric structure dating from around 300 AD and overlooks Kenmare Bay. Of all the ancient sites in Ireland, this ruin has the best preserved example of interlocking stone work. Local lore has it that this structure might have been some kind of trading post.

During our visit, we found the fortification to be open for exploring, by both man and sheep. Given its location on the popular Ring of Kerry , this is one of the most visited Celtic ruins.

This unusual building on the Dingle Peninsula overlooking Ard na Caithne/Smerwick dates from the 12th century. This small structure is believed to be an early Christian church or chapel. Discovered in 1756 by Charles Smith, there has been some controversy over the age, origins, and purpose of the building.

This is the only intact oratory in Ireland. While others may have existed at one time (and local writings and lore attest to that), this is the only one to exist.

We visited on a cool, windy morning and found the place to be very remarkable. The views of the nearby farms (with sheep!) and of the harbor below makes this one of the more remarkable Celtic sites in Ireland.

Lance Longwell is a travel writer and photographer who has published Travel Addicts since 2008, making it one of the oldest travel blogs. He is a life-long traveler, having visited all 50 of the United States by the time he graduated high school. Lance has continued his adventures by visiting 70 countries on 5 continents – all in search of the world’s perfect sausage. He’s a passionate foodie and enjoys hot springs and cultural oddities. When he’s not traveling (or writing about travel), you’ll find him photographing his hometown of Philadelphia.

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Wednesday 15th of June 2022

Ballintubber Abbey was my favorite. Pierce Brosnan was married there, as well as many Irish couples. i hope to return someday.

Monday 17th of August 2015

This is thoroughly fascinating. Thanks for sharing the beautiful photos and the information. BTW, is Kells Abbey related in any way to the Book of Kells? I wonder if it's where the manuscript was copied and illuminated.

Tuesday 25th of February 2014

I love seeing sunshine-y photos of Ireland! All fantastic shots!

Laura Longwell

Wednesday 26th of February 2014

Thanks! We were very lucky to have great weather!

Londoner Kate

Thursday 9th of January 2014

IM GOING THERE!!

Gorgeous!! I've always wanted to go to Ireland!

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Top 10 ancient sites in Ireland

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Fascinating Ireland & North Ireland

Spectacular Ireland

Game of Thrones – Northern Ireland

Last updated: 08 May 2023

Located as it is on the western extremity of Europe, Ireland was never conquered by the Romans. As a result, many ancient remains have been preserved, giving the emerald isle an unusually rich archaeological inheritance. Exploring the Neolithic, Celtic, and early Christian sites that are dotted around Ireland and learning about their mythology is a fascinating experience. To help you take it all in, here is our selection of the best ancient sites in Ireland.

1. Hill of Tara: one of Ireland's best ancient sites

The Hill of Tara in County Meath, feted in songs and poems, is an impressive limestone ridge affording views across the central plain of Ireland to distant mountain ranges. A Stone Age burial site, once the magnificent headquarters of the Celtic kings, it is unexcavated, with only the remains of ring forts and a standing stone marking the place that was Ireland’s spiritual and cultural capital for millennia.

What to see and do:  Set in gorgeous countryside, there are plenty of walks in the area, while the views from Tara – especially clear-sky sunsets – are unparalleled. There's also an informative visitor center, where you can book guides to take you round the site.  

Best time to visit:  You can visit the hill year-round; the visitor center is open from 10am–6pm May–September. The spring and summer months are the most popular, given the weather is warmer. If you come during the autumn or winter, wrap up warm: most of the site is obviously outside. 

2. The Burren: home of megalithic art

In southwest Ireland, Burren National Park   in County Clare abounds with megalithic sites. The biggest is the Poulnabrone Dolmen, a distinctive 'portal dolmen' (burial tomb) with a huge capstone that has been adopted as a symbol of the region. It was built about 5,800 years ago, and when excavated contained human remains that were at least 1,500 years old.

What to see and do:  There are seven way-marked walking trails through Burren National Park, ranging from a half-hour stroll to a meatier three-hour affair. Guided walks can be booked in-season. There's a wealth of wildlife to admire, too, including seven bat species, red squirrel, and mink. 

We recommend visiting the Poulnabrone Dolmen as part of a tailor-made trip in Ireland.   Contact local travel expert Tanya   who can plan a personalized itinerary taking in all the places you want to visit. 

Best time to visit:  The information point in Corofin is open from April to September; these are the best months to visit, when you can book guided walks and the spring and summer flowers are in bloom – though the park is open year-round. 

Do you have Irish ancestry? See why this is the year to discover your Irish heritage.

Poulnabrone Dolmen, Burrren National Park, Ireland. Photo: Shutterstock

3. Newgrange: one of the most impressive ancient sites in Ireland

Of all the ancient sites in Ireland, the Neolithic burial grounds at   Newgrange   are among the most impressive. Older than the Egyptian Pyramids, the remains at this Unesco World Heritage-listed site pre-date Stonehenge by around 1,000 years. Consisting of three separate Neolithic burial mounds, two of which are open to the public, this is one of the most important prehistoric clusters in Europe.

What to see and do:  There is no public access to Newgrange, so all visits must start at the Brú na Bóinne Visitor Centre.  The center itself has recently emerged from a revamp, with a collection of illuminating state-of-the-art exhibits. 

Best time to visit:  The visitor center and site are both open year-round, from 9 or 9.30am to sometime between 4 and 5.15pm, depending on the month. The winter solstice is a very special time to come, when the sun aligns to illuminate the passage and chamber of the Newgrange mound – though access to the chamber on these auspicious winter solstice mornings is so popular that tickets are allocated by lottery in September. Even if you don't win the lottery, all visitors are welcome to gather outside the entrance.

Want to experience Ireland but without the hassle of booking and planning? Our   Spectacular Ireland   trip offers you the experience of seeing   Killarney National Park and the South West Coast of Ireland.

4. The monastic sites of Glendalough 

Early monks apparently appreciated beautiful countryside, as they had a tendency to build in the most beautiful spots: wooded glens, lake islands, and river bends. The natural beauty of these settings is in turn enhanced by the simple stone monastic buildings still standing today. Glendalough   in County Wicklow is a wonderful example of this – St Kevin’s Church was founded in the 6th century in a steep-sided glacial valley between two lakes. The ruins you can see at the site today – a 33 meter (110ft) round tower, stone churches, and numerous stone crosses – date from the 11th century.

What to see and do:  The Glendalough Valley is located within Wicklow Mountains National Park, so there's plenty of stunning scenery to explore on foot, by bike or even on horseback. There's a golf course, too, plus rich opportunities for fishing.  

Best time to visit:  The visitor center and monastic site are both open year-round, though if you're planning on staying in the area and making the most of the great outdoors, come in summer when there's better chance of dry weather. 

Traveling to Ireland? Don't miss our guide to shopping in the emerald isle.

Aerial view of Glendalough monastery settlement. Photo: Shutterstock

5. The heritage sites of Skellig Michael

Skellig Michael , set 13km (8 miles) off the Kerry coast, is dramatically situated on a barren rocky island. Dating from around AD 800, the tiny monastery was built under twin peaks on a saddle of rock at the top of 600 stone steps. Six beehive huts, in which the monks lived, and two rectangular oratories, where they prayed, were built of dry stone on a cliff edge around a small garden area. They are surprisingly well preserved, given their exposed Atlantic location. 

What to see and do:  Aside from viewing the breathtaking ancient remains on Skellig Michael, a boat tour will most likely take in its smaller sister island, Small Skelligs, too. Here you'll find one of the world's largest colonies of gannets.  

Best time to visit:  The site can be visited by boat, weather permitting, between May and August.  

Skellig Michael, County Kerry, Ireland. Photo: Shutterstock

6. The ancient monuments of Clonmacnoise

Clonmacnoise , near Athlone in central Ireland , was founded by St Kieran and built on a natural gravel ridge in a bend of the River Shannon. It is the biggest monastic site in Ireland, encompassing the ruins of a cathedral, seven churches (dating from the 10th–13th centuries), two round towers, three high crosses, and numerous graves. Today, it is way off the beaten track, but in AD 545 the Shannon was an important waterway. 

What to see and do:  There are several Irish Romanesque doorways and arches to admire, plus an on-site museum and exhibition area. If you need to refuel, there's a coffee shop too. Nearby sites to visit in tandem include Portumna Castle and Gardens on the banks of Lough Derg. 

Best time to visit:  The site is open year-round, 10am–5pm. 

  The monastery of Clonmacnoise, Ireland - McCarthy's Tower. Photo: Shutterstock

7. The large portal tomb of Carrowmore

In the northwest of Ireland at Carrowmore , near Sligo town, the 6,000-year-old Bronze Age graves of Ireland’s largest megalithic graveyard are scattered across the fields. The magnificent views from the site clarify why the Celts associated this part of Ireland with myth and magic; for Celtic ruins, this spot is hard to beat.

What to see and do:  From Carrowmore, you can see the Knocknarea hill burial site, which stands 328 meters (1,078ft) above sea level. A signposted path leads to its enormous Neolithic tomb (70 by 11 meters/200 by 35ft), which is said to be the burial place of Queen Medb (Maeve), the warrior queen of Connacht in Celtic mythology. The ascent is steep but worth the climb.  

Best time to visit:  Access to the site is between March and November, when the climes are more favorable.  

Dolmen Tomb in Carrowmore Megalithic Cemetery - County Sligo, Ireland. Photo: Shutterstock

8. The ancient history of Drombeg Stone Circle

Stone circles are a feature of west Cork and Kerry, usually with a burial site at their center, and often with two upright pillars (the portal) opposite a recumbent altar stone. They are oriented to the setting sun at the winter solstice, and those that have been excavated have a ritual burial site at their center. Drombeg Stone Circle , set on a plateau with views of the sea in the distance, has 17 stones and is the biggest and most complete of the early Bronze Age remains. The burial site at its center has been carbon-dated to 1124–794 BC. 

What to see and do:  The Drombeg Stone Circle is located on the Wild Atlantic Way , a magical route that traces Ireland's lengthy Atlantic coastline. This makes it a dream to pair with other coastal sites in Ireland. 

Best time to visit:  Access to Drombeg is public year-round. As the stones were laid out in line with the winter solstice sunset, this is a particularly auspicious time to visit. 

9. Ardmore Cathedral and Round Tower

Ardmore Cathedral and Round Tower , in County Waterford, stand on a cliff-top site on a narrow promontory with expansive sea views – a stunning location for these 12th-century cathedral ruins. Its sturdy Hiberno-Romanesque arches contrast with the slender, conical-roofed round tower. 

Ready to immerse yourself in the history of Ireland? Our tailor-made trip service makes travelling easy by taking care of the planning and booking. Our  Pearls of Ireland trip takes you to some of the most spectacular places that Ireland has to offer. Our trips are crafted by local travel experts and are completely customisable.

What to see and do:  Nearby St Declan’s Oratory and Well date from the 9th century, and are still visited by pilgrims annually on 24 July, the feast day of St Declan. Ardmore itself is a picturesque village with a scattering of cottages, cafés and pubs – it is also home to a Michelin-starred restaurant. 

Best time to visit:  Coming in summer will mean you can sample the seasonal delights of the Waterford coast – and have a paddle, too. 

10. Innisfallen for ancient ruins and hikes

In the southwest, Innisfallen Island on Lough Leane in Killarney National Park can be reached by rowing boat from Ross Castle . The abbey ruins on the wooded island date from the 7th century. The last High King of Ireland, Brian Ború, is said to have been educated by the monks here.

What to see and do:  There are plenty of hiking trails to take advantage of in the national park, as well as abundant wildlife to look out for – from deer and pine marten to more than 140 species of bird. Ross Castle – your starting point for a trip across to Innisfallen, which retains its 15th-century tower house – is worthy of your time, too.  

Best time to visit:  You'll find the boat trip across to Innisfallen far more enjoyable in warmer weather, so avoid winter if you can. 

Ruins of the twelfth century Oratory, part of Innisfallen Monastery. Photo: Shutterstock

Ready to take a trip to Ireland's ancient sites?

Insight Guides can help organize and book wonderful trips in Ireland for you. Simply   get in touch with us to share your ideas for the trip and let us know when you would like to travel. Local travel experts will then create an itinerary especially, which can be amended until you are totally happy with every detail before booking. 

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Ancient Sites in Ireland- Intriguing Ruins in Ireland to Visit

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One of the most intriguing things about Ireland is its long history and vast collection of archaeological sites. From megalithic monuments and prehistoric fortresses, to Neolithic tombs and early monastic settlements, there are plenty of alluring ancient sites in Ireland to discover.

Ancient Sites in Ireland- My Favourite Archaeological Sites in Ireland to Visit

As someone who’s always been interested in archaeological sites and ruins left behind by past societies, I found it extremely hard to choose what ancient sites in Ireland to visit. I tried to explore as many as I could during my Ireland road trip , but with only two weeks it was impossible to see everything of interest.

In the end, I managed to visit a nice mix of the most famous ancient sites in Ireland, plus some lesser known ruins that were a joy to visit because I had them almost all to myself.

Here’s a description of my favourite ruins in Ireland, plus a few more I hope to see in the future.

Brú na Bóinne

One of the most important archaeological sites in Ireland is Brú na Bóinne, a collection of Neolithic passage tombs near a bend in the River Boyne.

The main passage tombs dotting this prehistoric landscape are Newgrange, Knowth, and Dowth, but it’s believed there were at least 40 passage tombs built in the area. The site also contained several other monuments and ceremonial spaces, some of which remain today.

Besides being over 5,000 years old, other impressive things about the passage tombs at Brú na Bóinne are their solar alignment and artistically engraved kerbstones. The tombs are home to Western Europe’s largest collection of megalithic art and Newgrange’s inner chamber is illuminated by sunlight on the winter solstice.

To access the passage tombs you have to join a guided tour at the Brú na Bóinne Visitor Centre. Tours visit Newgrange and Knowth, but Newgrange is the only one where you can enter the chamber.

Read more: Visiting Brú na Bóinne- Newgrange and Knowth Passage Tombs

Glendalough Monastic Site

The remains of Glendalough, a 6th century monastic settlement, is one of the top ancient sites in Ireland thanks to its scenic location, some remarkably intact stone structures, and an interesting origin story.

Glendalough was founded by St. Kevin, a young monk who wanted to live in isolation among nature. However, his lifestyle and reputation as a holy man attracted a group of followers who settled near him, growing the monastery. Eventually Glendalough became one of the most significant monastic sites in Ireland.

Today the monastic city is a mix of ruins and complete structures that have been relatively unharmed by the passage of time. The best preserved buildings are St. Kevin’s Church and the 33 m tall round tower.

Some other compelling things you can see at Glendalough are old tombstones, grave slabs inside the ruined cathedral, and St. Kevin’s Cross.

Read more: Glendalough Monastic Site- Visiting One of Ireland’s Premier Monastic Settlements

Rock Of Cashel

Another must-see ancient site in Ireland is the Rock of Cashel. This hilltop complex of stone fortifications and religious buildings is one of the most iconic and impressive collections of medieval buildings in Ireland.

The Rock of Cashel first gained importance in the 4th century when a fortress was built on the hill. Later it became the seat of the High Kings of Munster, then a site of religious significance, as St. Patrick baptised King Aengus here.

Not much remains of the early fortress, but the church buildings and cemetery still exist. The most remarkable ruin at the Rock of Cashel is the huge 13th century Gothic cathedral and its round tower.

Other notable structures are Cormac’s Chapel, which contains the only surviving Romanesque frescoes in Ireland, and several beautifully decorated high crosses.

After visiting the Rock of Cashel, I recommend heading to the nearby Hore Abbey to experience another stunning, but less popular ruin. 

Read more: The Rock of Cashel- One of Ireland’s Most Magnificent Ancient Sites

Dún Aengus Fort (Dún Aonghasa)

Dún Aonghasa (Dún Aengus in English) is the largest prehistoric fort of the Aran Islands and worth making the trip to Inishmore to see.

I must say, Dún Aonghasa has the most spectacular location of all the archaeological sites in Ireland I visited. This semi-circular fortress is precariously perched at the edge of a sheer cliff overlooking the Atlantic, and because there isn’t a wall on the cliff side, there are broad views of the ocean.

The fortress is over 3,000 years old and features three terraced, dry stone walls around an inner enclosure. For extra defence, there are thousands of closely-set jagged stones surrounding the entire fort.

It’s believed that Dún Aonghasa was at one time an economic, political, and ritual centre. Foundations of seven houses have been found in the inner enclosure and there’s a rock platform at the edge of the cliff that may have been used for ceremonies or rituals. Objects from the Late Bronze Age, such as tools and rings, that were found on site are now in the National Museum of Ireland.

Poulnabrone Dolmen

The rocky landscape of The Burren is dotted with ancient treasures, but perhaps none as emblematic as Poulnabrone dolmen, Ireland’s oldest megalithic monument.

Dating back over 5000 years, this large portal tomb is remarkably well preserved. It still has two sets of stones standing on each side of the entrance and a huge sloping capstone balancing on top. The dolmen’s symmetry is part of the reason why it’s one of the most photographed archaeological sites in Ireland. 

Radiocarbon dates from Poulnabrone dolmen suggest human remains were interred regularly for approximately 600 years, between 3800 BCE and 3200 BCE, after decomposing elsewhere.

Archaeologists who worked at the site also speculate, based on the slant of the capstone and uncovered artifacts, that Poulnabrone was built as a doorway to the afterlife.

Read More: Poulnabrone Dolmen 

Cahergall and Leacanabuaile Ringforts

Ringforts are abundant on the Emerald Isle, making them the most common ancient sites in Ireland. I chose to visit only two of them, Cahergall and Leacanabuaile, but couldn’t have been happier with my choice.

Cahergall and Leacanabuaile stone forts can be visited during a short detour when driving the Ring of Kerry . Even though they are in close proximity with each other, both offer a different experience. 

Cahergall is the older, more imposing ringfort, with a 6 metre tall wall that has terraces along the inside offering great views of the surrounding hills and farmland.

Leacanabuaile dates from the 9th or 10th century and encompasses several small, stone buildings, of which only walls remain.

Although somewhat different in appearance, both forts are beautiful constructions that conveyed their past use as enclosed farmsteads.

Read more: Visiting Cahergall and Leacanabuaile- Irish Stone Ringforts

Reask Monastic Site

Reask Monastic Site is not one of the best known ruins in Ireland, but it’s a pleasure to visit when driving the Dingle Peninsula . 

The history of Reask is largely a mystery, as there are no historical records of this early monastery, so what is understood about it was learned during excavations in the 1970s. 

It’s believed the monastery was founded in the 6th century, but there’s no indication of how long it was occupied. What exists today is a low stone wall surrounding the limited remains of beehive huts, an oratory, and what might have been a workshop. There also is a cemetery with lintel graves and a possible shrine site.

Perhaps the most interesting discovery at the Reask Monastic Site are several pillar stones inscribed with beautiful cross designs. Only one of these cross-inscribed stones is in its original position from the second half of the 6th century.

More Ancient Sites in Ireland

During my first trip to Ireland I was able to visit a lot of ancient Irish sites, but there are plenty more I was interested in but didn’t get a chance to see. Here are some more archaeological sites in Ireland I’d like to visit one day:

• Skellig Michael- a monastery with beehive huts on the summit of a steep rock island in the Atlantic
• Carrowmore Megalithic Cemetery- over 35 passage tombs that are the oldest and densest concentration of Neolithic tombs in Ireland
• Hill of Tara- site of a Stone Age passage tomb that later became seat of the high kings of Ireland
• Drombeg Stone Circle- an axial stone circle with 17 pillar stones
• Céide Fields- Neolithic site overlooking the Atlantic with the world’s oldest known stone-walled fields
• Loughcrew Cairns- group of Neolithic passage tombs situated around the summit of several hills
• Clonmacnoise- a 6th century monastery with remains of a cathedral, churches, round towers, high crosses, and grave slabs

Final Thoughts About Visiting Ancient Ruins in Ireland

Visiting ancient sites in Ireland was a wonderful way to learn about the country’s past. The sites not only had fascinating histories and evocative ruins, but were located in scenic locations too. This combination of ancient history, crumbling architecture, and beautiful landscapes made exploring Irish ruins my favourite thing to do during my road trip around the island.

Tips for Visiting Archaeological Sites in Ireland

Allow Plenty of Time: Sometimes I really underestimated the amount of time I would want to spend at the ruins in Ireland. Even though some were not much more than partial stone walls, they had a unique atmosphere that was hard to tear myself away from. They were great places to just sit and take in the beauty and history of Ireland!

• I recommend leaving some room in your itinerary for unplanned stops at ruins that catch your eye when driving.

Bring a Guidebook: Some of the sites I visited had limited information explaining their history or significance. It helps to have a good guidebook or to research what you will be seeing in advance.

Tours in Ireland

Here is a trusted site that has a large selection of tours in Ireland . You can book everything from day trips out of Dublin, full-day regional tours, walking tours, and multi-day tours.

Accommodations in Ireland

For your convenience, here is a list of hotels and B&Bs in Ireland . Please consider booking your Ireland accommodations through the included link. It costs nothing extra and helps support this website. Thank you!

More Ireland Destinations and Travel Guides

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• Solo Travel in Ireland- 7 Reasons Ireland is a Great Places to Travel Alone
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• Long Room of the Old Library at Trinity College, Dublin

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The History Hit Miscellany of Facts, Figures and Fascinating Finds

Ireland’s Most Scenic Historic Sites

Discover some of the emerald isle's most scenic sites, from carrowmore megalithic cemetery to dublin castle..

Lucy Davidson

26 aug 2021, @lucejuiceluce.

The Emerald Isle’s fascinating past is echoed in its stunning landmarks, monuments, and historic houses. There are so many to visit that it can be difficult to know where to begin. Luckily, we’ve put together an expert’s guide to the best sites to visit. Among the very best are Newgrange, Carrowmore Megalithic Cemetery, and Rock of Cashel. Other popular sites tend to include Blarney Castle, Dublin Castle and Kilmainham Jail. One thing’s for certain – make sure you finish the day’s adventure with a pint of Guinness in a cosy Irish pub!

1. Newgrange

Newgrange is a dramatic prehistoric burial mound complex in County Meath in Ireland. Comprised of several elements including a passage grave, a henge and a circle of standing stones, Newgrange is thought to have been built sometime between 3300 and 2900BC. This would make it older than both Stonehenge and Egypt’s pyramids, pre-dating the latter by some 500 years.

Newgrange is part of megalithic cemetery and UNESCO listed site of Brú na Bóinne, in which there are over forty other such burial mounds including Knowth and Dowth.

2. Carrowmore Megalithic Cemetery

Carrowmore Megalithic Cemetery is a prehistoric burial site where archaeologists have found sixty graves believed to predate Egypt’s pyramids. In fact, the graves at Carrowmore Megalithic Cemetery are thought to date back to between 3500 and 4500 BC.

Today, visitors can see up to thirty of these prehistoric tombs and an exhibition about the site. Guided tours are also available.

3. Rock of Cashel

The Rock of Cashel (Carraig Phádraig) in Ireland is a medieval complex steeped in centuries of history, both royal and ecclesiastical.

It is thought that the first main structures to be built on the site of the Rock of Cashel were erected in the fourth or fifth century AD. Said to have been founded by Conall Corc, King of Munster, it would become the royal residence of the Eóganacht Dynasty, rulers of Southern Ireland between the seventh and tenth centuries. This was the only dynasty at the time whose members were eligible to become overkings.

4. Blarney Castle

Blarney Castle in Cork, Ireland is the pretty ruin of a medieval structure built by the King of Munster, Cormac Laidhir MacCarthy in 1446.

Steeped in mystery and legend, Blarney Castle is home to the Blarney Stone, which is believed to imbue anyone who kisses it with the gift of eloquence. This gift would be well deserved of anyone who actually manages this feat, it involving having to hang precariously upside down from the castle’s battlements.

5. Dublin Castle

Dublin Castle has served as everything from a fortification and royal home to a gunpowder storage facility and a prison. Construction of Dublin Castle began in 1204 by King John of England, on a site that previously housed a Danish fortress. This first incarnation of Dublin Castle, completed circa 1230, was primarily intended as a stronghold to defend the city as well as being a place from which the King could run the administration of Ireland. Few aspects of this original build remain, but those that do, such as the Record Tower, demonstrate its purpose as a fortification.

Today, Dublin Castle is open to the public and one of many fascinating attractions in Ireland , but the castle still also serves official roles as the site of presidential inaugurations and international conferences.

6. Kilmainham Jail

Kilmainham Jail, also spelt ‘Kilmainham Gaol’, in Dublin was a notoriously fearsome prison housing a mixture of common criminals and high profile political prisoners. Whilst originally built in 1780, the current incarnation of Kilmainham Jail dates back to the 1860s.

Today, Kilmainham Jail stands as Europe’s largest unoccupied prison. It now acts as a museum, offering visitors the chance to explore its history. Some of the sites can be quite gruesome in nature. In addition to the cells and exercise sections, visitors can see the block on which Robert Emmet was beheaded and the doorway where prisoners were hanged.

7. Rathcroghan

The Rathcroghan complex is a four square mile archaeological region located in Co. Roscommon, Ireland. It is noted for being one of the richest archaeological areas in Ireland with over 200 recorded monuments centring on the Celtic Royal Centre of Rathcroghan (Cruachan).

The area is located within a complex archaeological region with a history stretching back over 5000 years, with everything from burial monuments, pre-historic residential sites, royal places, temples and the entrance to the Otherworld (Oweynagat). Today the region is mostly agricultural land. All that remains of this once great royal landscape is a series of field monuments and mounds which mark the location of the ancient sites.

8. Kells Priory

Originally founded by Geoffrey FitzRobert de Marisco in 1193, Kells Priory was mostly destroyed in attacks in both 1252 and 1327. It was later rebuilt, but then became one of the monasteries dissolved by King Henry VIII in the mid-sixteenth century.

Kells Priory continued to operate for another century or so, but eventually fell into disrepair. As a structure, Kells Priory seems more a fort than a monastery, its grand turrets and thick stone walls casting an imposing shadow. It is also quite vast, its land stretching over four acres and including, amongst other things, a church, domestic dwellings and a chapel.

9. Chester Beatty Library

The Chester Beatty library has one of the world’s great collections of manuscripts and related art from across the world with a particular emphasis on the great cultures and religions of the world.

It is a truly remarkable museum, a hidden gem in the heart of the city and a place worth repeated revisits. It is also a great place to have a meal or coffee and baklava.

10. The Main Guard

The Main Guard was built in 1675 by the First Duke of Ormond, James Butler. A sandstone building with open archways, it operated as a courthouse of the Palatine jurisdiction of County Tipperary until 1715, when this jurisdiction was extinguished.

In the early nineteenth century, the Main Guard was transformed into a shopping district and its structure was altered, including excavating the basement and adding further levels. However, the Main Guard has now been restored to its seventeenth century form. Visitors can explore the Main Guard via guided tours, taking approximately forty minutes.

These 11 Irish castles showcase the dramatic beauty of historic Ireland

Oct 1, 2020 • 7 min read

The Rock of Cashel in Tipperary © Thomas Bresenhuber / Shutterstock

From brooding ruins on windswept hills to restored masterpieces, Ireland’s castles can be looked at, walked through, clambered over, dined in – and even slept in! With around 3000 castles spread across the country, you'll be spoiled for choice if you decide to check out a few. Here are 11 of our favorites.

Editor's note: check local travel restrictions and opening times before booking a trip and always follow government health advice. 

1. Kilkenny Castle

Kilkenny Castle rises above the River Nore in Kilkenny and is one of Ireland’s most visited heritage sites. Stronghold of the powerful Butler family, it has a history dating back to the 12th century, though much of its present look dates from Victorian times. The first structure on this strategic site was a wooden tower built in 1172 by Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare, the Anglo-Norman conqueror of Ireland better known as Strongbow.

In 1192, Strongbow's son-in-law, William Marshal, erected a stone castle with four towers, three of which still survive. The castle was bought by the powerful Butler family (later earls and dukes of Ormonde) in 1391, and their descendants continued to live here until 1935. Maintaining the castle became such a financial strain that most of the furnishings were sold at auction. The property was handed over to the city in 1967 for the princely sum of 50 Irish punts.

2. Dublin Castle

Dublin Castle was the stronghold of British power in Ireland for more than 700 years, beginning with the Anglo-Norman fortress commissioned by King John in 1204. The castle was officially handed over to Michael Collins, representing the Irish Free State, in 1922.

Only the Record Tower (1258) survives from the original building, as most of what remains now was built from the 18th century onwards. The castle is now used by the Irish government for meetings and functions, and tours take in the State Apartments and St Patrick's Hall, where Irish presidents are inaugurated and foreign dignitaries toasted. The castle is home to the world-famous Chester Beatty Library.

3. Cahir Castle

Cahir Castle in Tipperary enjoys a riverside site with massive walls, a moat, turrets, towers and keep, mullioned windows, original fireplaces and a dungeon. Founded in 1142 and passed to the Butler family in 1375, it's one of Ireland's largest castles.

In 1599, the Earl of Essex shattered its walls with cannon fire. The castle, originally built to protect a salmon fishery and important river crossing, eventually surrendered to Cromwell in 1650 without a struggle. It is largely intact and still formidable. It was restored in the 1840s and again in the 1960s when it came under state ownership.

4. Dunguaire Castle

Dunguaire Castle in Galway is a chess-piece style castle erected around 1520 by the O’Hynes clan. It sits on the fringes of Kinvara on the former site of the 6th century royal palace of Guaire Aidhne, the king of Connaught. The castle passed into the hands of the Martyns of Galway in the early 17th century. Dunguaire was bought and renovated by Oliver St. John Gogarty, the famous surgeon and literary figure, in 1924.

It became the venue for meetings of the literary revivalists such as W.B. Yeats, his patron Lady Gregory, George Bernard Shaw, Edward Martin and J.M. Synge. In 1954, the castle was acquired by Christabel, Lady Ampthil, who completed the restoration started by Gogarty after buying it for the equivalent of €500 ($586). She lived there from the 1950s to the 1970s, and the castle is now the property of Shannon Heritage.

5. Rock of Cashel

The Rock of Cashel in Tipperary is an ancient fortified home of kings and one of Ireland's most spectacular historic sites. Sturdy walls circle an enclosure containing a round tower and a 13th century Gothic cathedral. The undoubted highlight is the early-12th-century Cormac's Chapel, an exquisite gem of Romanesque architecture with beautifully carved doorways and the precious remains of colorful wall paintings.

In the 4th century, it was chosen as a base by the Eóghanachta clan from Wales, later known as the MacCarthys, who lost possession to the O'Brien tribe under Brian Ború's leadership. In 1101, King Muircheartach O'Brien presented the Rock to the Church to curry favour with the powerful bishops and to end secular rivalry over possession of the Rock with the Eóghanachta. It's a five-minute stroll from the town centre up to the Rock, from where fantastic view over the Tipperary countryside can be enjoyed.

6. St John's Castle

King John's Castle in Limerick was built on the orders of King John of England between 1200 and 1212. It is considered to be one of the best-preserved Norman castles in Europe. Its massive twin gate towers still stand to their full height, and the armoury and its contents remain as evidence of the castle's turbulent history.

Limerick’s showcase castle is best viewed from the west bank of the River Shannon. The site on which the castle stands has been occupied for over 1000 years, and a number of houses believed to be Viking in origin were unearthed during earlier restorations of the castle. Elements of these dwellings and some artefacts found on site can be seen at King John's Castle visitors' centre.

7. Blarney Castle

Blarney Castle in Cork is a 16th-century tower set in gorgeous grounds, popular for its Fern Garden, Arboretum, Poison Garden and Rock Close. While the site dates back to the 10th century, the castle seen today was built by Lady Colthurst in 1874.

Crowds flock to the castle to kiss the Blarney Stone , which is said to be a former altar stone brought back from the Crusades. One of Ireland’s most popular tourist attractions, it is rumored to grant “the gift of the gab” to those who kiss it. In these virus-conscious times, an eco-friendly, World Health Organization-approved cleanser is used to clean the stone after each kiss.

8. Ross Castle

Ross Castle in Kerry dates to the 15th century, when it was a residence of the O'Donoghue family. It was the last stronghold in Munster to hold out against Cromwell, and was eventually taken by General Ludlow in 1652. It sits on the edge of Killarney’s lower lake and came into the hands of the Brownes who became the Earls of Kenmare. They owned an extensive portion of the lands that are now part of Killarney National Park.

Legend has it that O’Donoghue still exists in a deep slumber under the waters of Lough Leane, and he rises and circles the lake on his white horse on the first morning of May every seven years. Anyone catching sight of him is said to be assured of good fortune for the rest of their lives. The large rock at the entrance to the bay is known as O’Donoghue’s prison.

9. Trim Castle

Trim Castle in Trim was Ireland's largest Anglo-Norman fortification, and was founded by Hugh de Lacy in 1173 and destroyed by Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, Ireland's last high king, within a year. The building seen today was begun around 1200 and has hardly been modified since.

By the 16th century, the castle had begun to fall into decline and in 1649, when the town was taken by Cromwellian forces, it was severely damaged. The castle's grassy two-hectare enclosure is dominated by a massive stone keep, mounted on a Norman motte. It briefly returned to its former glory in 1996 as a location for Mel Gibson’s Braveheart, where it was the setting for Edinburgh Castle, York Castle and the Tower of London.

10. Ashford Castle

Ashford Castle in Mayo was once owned by the Guinness family of stout fame. Located along the Wild Atlantic Way, the castle was built on the perimeter of a monastic site in 1228 by the Anglo-Norman de Burgos family on a 350-acre estate on the shores of Lough Corrib.

It has had various owners over the centuries, including the Bingham, Browne and Guinness families, and various additions have been made to the buildings and grounds. John Ford's famous film, The Quiet Man, starring John Wayne and Maureen O'Hara was shot on the grounds and in nearby Cong in 1959, and many of the stars stayed at the castle. Now a five-star luxury hotel, it was the setting for golfer Rory McIlroy's marriage to Erica Stoll.

11. Donegal Castle

Donegal Castle guards a picturesque bend of the River Esque in Donegal. It was built by the O'Donnells in 1474, and served as the seat of their formidable power until 1607. The castle was rebuilt in 1623 by Sir Basil Brooke, along with the adjacent three-storey Jacobean house.

The building complex fell into ruin in the 20th century, and was further restored in the 1990s. Highlights include the magnificent upstairs Great Hall with its vast and ornate fireplace, French tapestries and Persian rugs.

This article was first published in April 2010 and was updated October 2020. Additional research by Heather Howard. 

This article was first published April 2010 and updated October 2020

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Castles to Visit

The 11 Best Castles to Visit in Ireland

joe daniel price/Getty Images

An unofficial count estimates that Ireland has more than 30,000 castle and castle remains. Scattered throughout the country, most of the medieval castles were built as defensive homes by the island’s most powerful families. Unfortunately, most of the castles were abandoned and left to lie as ruins. However, many of the fortified palaces have been restored to their former glory and can be explored by visitors. Whether you want to seek out deserted countryside homes, kiss the Blarney stone, get married in Ireland , or simply sleep in luxury — here are the best castles in Ireland: 

Bunratty Castle: Co. Clare, Ireland

Bunratty Castle is one of the most beloved and well-known castles in Ireland. Though there were earlier settlements on the same spot, the castle as it stands today was built in the 1400s. It is a fortified tower house located in County Clare which was fully restored in the 1960s. The gray stone castle has been furnished with antiques from the 15th and 16th centuries to show what life would have been like when it was built by the powerful MacNamara family. It is possible to visit the castle and to book tickets for the medieval banquets that are held there almost every day.  

The Rock of Cashel: Co. Tipperary, Ireland

There are many myths associated with the large castle known as the Rock of Cashel in County Tipperary . According to the legend, this is where Aenghus the King of Munster was converted to Christianity by St. Patrick in the 5th century.  The High Kings of Ulster ruled from the castle here ​and later donated the site to the Catholic Church. Most of the buildings in the large castle complex date back to the 12th and 13th centuries. It is possible to walk through the castle and admire the beautiful medieval architecture that makes the Rock of Cashel one of the most visited sites in Ireland.  

Dunluce Castle: Co. Antrim, Northern Ireland

Dunluce Castle is an abandoned medieval castle set on the top of a cliff overlooking the sea in County Antrim, Northern Ireland that has been featured in the HBO series Game of Thrones. The dramatic setting is surrounded by steep drop-offs on every side and the castle can only be reached after crossing a bridge from the mainland. Dunluce was first built by the MacQuillan in the early 1500s but was taken over by the warrior MacDonnells in the 1550s. The clifftop location was ideal for defenses but proved a bit unstable — and part of the kitchen fell into the ocean during a stormy night in the 1630s. The castle passed hands to the Earls of Antrim but left to fall into disrepair. Today, there is a visitor center at the castle to stop into before wandering through the ruined walls which still stand.

Blarney Castle: Co. Cork, Ireland

Blarney Castle is a medieval fortress near Cork, Ireland that is surrounded by a large garden and set next to the River Martin. The castle dates back to the early 1200s, though the stone fortress as it stands today was built by the McCarthy family in the 15th century. It is still possible to visit some of the rooms of the castle and to seek out the main attraction – the Blarney Stone. The stone at the top of the castle is believed to give the gift of the gab to anyone who leans over the sharp drop off to kiss it.  

Ashford Castle: Co. Mayo, Ireland

While some of Ireland’s castles lie in ruins, the gorgeous Ashford Castle has been converted into a luxury hotel. The castle was first built in the 1200s, and its fortified walls were expanded over the centuries when it served as the location for fierce battles. After a truce was agreed, the castle eventually became a hunting lodge before being purchased by the member of the Guinness family in 1852. The famous Irish beer family expanded the castle and built new wings, before selling the property in the 1930s. A mix of Victorian and medieval architecture, the beautiful ivy-covered Ashford Castle now has 83 guest rooms and has been featured in film and television. 

Ross Castle: Co. Kerry, Ireland

 TripSavvy / Taylor McIntyre

Rent a bike to cycle from the town of Killarney to the picturesque Ross Castle. The medieval fort was built by the O’Donoghue clan on the edge of Lough Leane in what is now the Killarney National Park. Surrounded by extensive trails and plenty of picnic spots, Ross Castle is a popular stop for a day out. It is possible to take a guided tour of some of the castle, but many visitors also enjoy the view of the stone tower house from the outside while taking a quick walk around the grounds. 

Dublin Castle: Co. Dublin, Dublin

Located off Dame Street in the heart of the Irish capital, Dublin Castle has a long political history. The castle served as the location of the United Kingdom government offices for hundreds of years until Ireland gained independence in 1922 and the castle was ceremoniously handed over to Michael Collins, the leader of the Irish Rebellion . There are still important government offices inside the complex, but the castle is also open to the public to visit the State Apartments, Medieval Undercroft, and Chapel Royal seven days a week.    

Dunguaire Castle: Co. Galway, Ireland

Dunguaire Castle in County Galway is a fortified tower house dating back to 1520 that is built on the edge of Galway Bay. The castle was built by the Hynes clan and named after their ancestor Guaire Aidhne mac Colmáin, a legendary king of Connacht. After passing through different families over the centuries, the castle was eventually purchased by Oliver St. John Gogarty, a doctor, writer and senator who often invited famous Irish authors like W.B. Yeats to stay. Today the castle has been restored and it is possible to visit the exhibits as well as to book tickets for the medieval banquets that are held inside the castle halls from April through September.

Cahir Castle: Co. Tipperary, Ireland

Cahir Castle is one of the largest castles in Ireland and almost seems to grow out of the rocky island it is built into in the River Suir. Located in County Tipperary, the castle was built by the O’Brien family in the 13th century. It has survived over the centuries thanks to its defensive design which withstood several sieges and battles though it was ultimately taken over by Cromwell’s army in 1650. Located close to the village of Cahir, the castle offers an audiovisual experience to teach visitors about the long history of the fortress.

Malahide Castle: Co. Dublin, Ireland

A 30-minute train ride from Dublin transports you to Malahide Castle , a fully restored medieval castle that was home to generations of the same family for almost 800 years. The castle is surrounded by a large park as well as a botanical garden which includes many rare and tropical plants. It is possible to take a guided tour of Malahide Castle, and its Great Hall can even be rented out for special events.

Minard Castle: Co. Kerry, Ireland

No one has lived at Minard Castle since it was attacked by Cromwell’s army in 1650. The military destroyed parts of the tower house but three stories of the original structure are still standing. The pretty location on the edge of a quiet beach filled with boulders makes it worth a short detour down a country road to the abandoned castle in County Kerry. There is no visitors center, but it is possible to climb up the small hill and walk around the historic stone walls that overlook the Irish sea near the town of Dingle.

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Best Celtic Ruins and Ancient Sites in Ireland

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Visiting Guidelines for Ireland’s Ancient Monuments and Ruins

Of the millions of tourists who visit Ireland annually, many will stick to the tried-and-tested popular sites and attractions.

Tour operators and travel agents make it extremely easy to get to such places, and very little planning or preparation is required by the visitors themselves.

For those who are interested in exploring the country’s lesser-known sites, a little more organisation is required.

While the visiting guidelines for each site will differ, this article aims to provide some tips to anyone wanting to leave the beaten track and experience some of Ireland’s fantastic megalithic ruins, monastic ruins, church ruins and graveyards .

We also have Visiting Guidelines for visiting Ireland’s sacred sites , that covers the more religions and ‘active’ heritage sites.

Whether you want to know what clothes to wear, how to behave at the site or how to actually get to a remote location in a part of the world you are completely unfamiliar with, you will find some basic answers below.

Ireland is home to some extremely important and fascinating megalithic ruins , including Newgrange or Sían Bhrú, Templebryan Stone Circle, Slidderyford Dolmen and Poulnabrone dolmen .

Some of these are far easier to reach than others, but all are well worth a visit.

As shelter is limited at many of these sites, particularly the smaller, lesser-known or more remote ones, it’s important that visitors have the right clothes to wear.

These general, but hopefully helpful, Visiting Guidelines aim to help you enjoy some of Ireland’s hidden gems .

Be Prepared to Walk

Some of Ireland’s ancient monuments are ruins and are impossible to reach without completing some of the journey on foot.

You are probably going to want to rent a car if you are going off the beaten path, so make sure that you are familiar with Ireland’s road system and traffic laws . Even with a car you should be prepared to walk for at least the final part of the journey as many sites are in rural land far from roads.

Some areas do have good footpaths, but wet weather can cause localised flooding and extremely muddy conditions making your pilgrimage more exciting and also treacherous.

Many sites might not be suitable for those with mobility issues, so be sure that all members of your group will be able to handle the demands of hiking up a rocky and undulating hill for 40 minutes before setting off.

There might be a shortage of comfortable places to stop and rest in rural areas, particularly if the weather is bad.

Take Extra Clothing

Check the weather forecast before you set off, but don’t rely on it too much.

On all but the very hottest days in the middle of a heatwave, you should consider taking waterproofs in case of unexpected showers.

If the forecast is for heavy rain, you will need reliable waterproofs and should be prepared for mud.

In the cooler months, you should take extra layers – remember that several thin layers are often more practical and efficient than a couple of thicker layers.

If you are out longer than you think or take a wrong turn, you will be grateful of extra layers to keep you warm.

Wear Suitable Footwear

There’s nothing worse than not being able to enjoy a visit to a site because you are wearing the wrong footwear.

While you won’t need serious hiking boots for most sites, you will generally want footwear that can cope with muddy or wet conditions.

You will also want shoes or boots that have a tough sole that can deal with uneven or rocky surfaces underfoot.

Take a First-Aid Kit

It might sound dramatic, but you will be grateful for a basic first-aid kit in the event of minor injury or illness.

Common problems that befall walkers include blisters and insect bites, so carry plasters and insect repellent or a bite soother at a minimum.

You might also want to pack paracetamol for all-round pain and illness relief.

Take a Map and Compass

Even if you rely on your phone’s GPS – or a standalone GPS – most of the time, you should take a paper map and a compass if you are exploring off the beaten path.

Even the most organised and experienced hikers can get into difficulty in unfamiliar surroundings, and phones can be unreliable with signal issues or run out of battery power.

Ordnance Survey maps have long been the gold standard, and they contain a staggering level of detail – perfect if you do get lost in a rural area.

Even if you never need your map to find your way, it can be interesting to take a look at the area you’re visiting and to make sense of why the monument you are visiting was located at this exact spot.

Tell Someone Where You’re Going

This could be simply texting a friend or family member to tell them of your plans, or letting the staff at your hotel or bed and breakfast know where you’re going.

Tell them the rough time you expect to be home.

While it’s unlikely you will run into difficulty, it will be reassuring to know that someone will be able to raise the alarm if you do get lost.

Consider Investing in a GPS

There are a number of efficient GPS’s on the market these days, and many are aimed at hikers.

They are simple to use and can be a helpful addition to your kit if you regularly hike or like to visit sites a little off the beaten track.

Not only can they help you avoid getting lost, but they are great for helping you locate hidden sites.

While large ruins will likely be visible for some distance, smaller ruins can be hard to find if you don’t know exactly where to look.

If you have the GPS coordinates of the site, you’ll find it much easier to locate.

While no GPS is 100% accurate all the time, you will find yours invaluable if you ever need urgent assistance and can provide emergency services with an almost exact location.

Stick to Designated Paths and Public Rights of Way

Some of Ireland’s most fascinating ancient sites or ruins are located on or adjacent to private land. Always ensure you have the owner’s permission if you are visiting a place located on private property.

Similarly, if your chosen route to reach the site you are visiting takes you over private land, always ask the owner for permission before setting off.

At all times while walking in the countryside stick to designated paths and follow the country code.

Never disturb or alarm any farm animals you pass, and respect the wishes of the landowner if they ask you to leave.

You shouldn’t encounter any problems if you use public rights of way or if you are visiting a moderately popular site, but do your research if you are intending to venture out to lesser-known sites that receive few visitors.

Asking the locals is the way to go. Check in with the village’s Irish pub to get inside tips.

Photographing Monuments and Ruins

While photography is forbidden at some sacred sites, this is unlikely to be an issue at ancient monuments and ruins, especially the hidden ones.

As you will be outdoors, you will enjoy excellent lighting for your photographs (weather permitting.

The country is a photographers dream with rolling green meadows, and gorgeous sun rises and sun sets. We are sure you will capture some atmospheric and interesting images.

Don’t be afraid to experiment with perspective, close-ups and unusual angles.

If you are visiting a monument or ruin that is fairly well known, you will probably have seen countless images of the site, all taken from the same angle and looking remarkably similar.

Try to play around with angles and capture something a little different if you can.

Don’t Be Afraid to Explore New Places

If you’re used to organised tours and centrally located attractions, with their clear sets of rules and Visiting Guidelines, stepping off the beaten track and having to do all the legwork yourself might seem a little daunting.

You shouldn’t underestimate the rewards, however.

Visiting Ireland’s megalithic ruins or ancient church ruins and graveyards is a great way to soak up the history and culture of the country.

There are monastic ruins located all over the countryside, and many will escape the large crowds of some of the more popular attractions due to their relative inaccessibility.

Hopefully, the Visiting Guidelines provided in this article will have given you the confidence to research some of Ireland’s lesser-known – but nonetheless impressive – megalithic ruins, monastic ruins and church ruins and graveyards.

With a little research, you should find most of the country’s historical sites within reach.

Simply understanding what clothes to wear, how to avoid getting lost and how to best prepare for Ireland’s frequently unpredictable weather can help you make the most of your time in the Emerald Isle .

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12 fascinating historical sites you can visit in Ireland's Ancient East

Whether you’re tracing family roots or exploring the tales of yore, Ireland’s Ancient East offers a captivating journey through over 5,000 years of history. This enchanting region is steeped in myths, legends, and ancient ruins, with each site sharing stories of saints, kings, druids, warriors and everyday folk. From regal castles to Neolithic tombs and Viking towns, here are 12 remarkable historical sites you have to visit in Ireland’s Ancient East . 

Travel inspiration: Ireland Destination Guide

1. Newgrange, County Meath

Dating back to 3200 BC, Newgrange is a 5,200-year-old Neolithic passage tomb that’s older than both Stonehenge and the Pyramids of Giza. Set in the Boyne Valley, the UNESCO-listed Newgrange is a testament to ancient ingenuity. Every winter solstice, you can witness a magical display as sunlight illuminates the internal chamber at dawn, a spectacle that has remained unchanged for millennia. Beyond its astronomical wonders, Newgrange is also home to intricate megalithic art, telling tales of an ancient era. 

Newgrange is part of the broader UNESCO World Heritage Site, Brú na Bóinne. Encompassing the prehistoric landscapes of the Boyne Valley, you can also visit the Great Mound of Knowth, a Neolithic burial site, the “Fairy Mound of Darkness” at Dowth and other remarkable Neolithic historical sites.

We think you’ll also like: 11 reasons why a trip to Ireland should be essential in 2023

2. Blarney Castle, County Cork

View this post on Instagram A post shared by Ireland (@tourismireland)

Between secret passages, poison gardens and stunning views, you’ll be lost for words around here – well, until you kiss the Blarney Stone! Dating from 1446, Blarney Castle is one of Ireland’s most iconic historical sites, famous for the magic that happens when you pucker up to kiss the Stone. According to tradition, once you’ve planted your kiss, you will be bestowed with the ‘Gift of the Gab’, meaning you will never again be lost for words. 

Once you’ve smooched the stone, there are plenty of other things to explore here, including mysterious underground passages, beautiful gardens, and the enchanting Rock Close and its druid relics. You can also climb the narrow spiral staircases for stunning views of the lush green countryside.

Visit Blarney Castle on: Enchanting Emerald Isle

3. Glendalough, County Wicklow

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Set in a glacial valley ringed by the scenic Wicklow Mountains, Glendalough offers a serene blend of natural beauty and ancient ruins. The name Glendalough translates to the “Valley of the Two Lakes” in Gaelic, suitably named for the nearby twin lakes. Founded by Saint Kevin in the 6th century, the ruins of the original monastic city still stand. There’s a well-preserved round tower standing around 98 feet (30 meters) high, which served as both a bell tower and a refuge. You’ll also see the ruins of the Cathedral, St. Kevin’s Church, and several early Christian crosses. With plenty of walking trails offering breathtaking views of the twin lakes, countryside, and ancient ruins, you’ll love this quiet retreat into Ireland’s early history. 

Explore County Wicklow on: Irish Experience

4. Rock of Cashel, County Tipperary

Perched high on a limestone hill in County Tipperary, the Rock of Cashel is an iconic medieval silhouette against the Irish skyline. Legend has it that this is where Saint Patrick converted King Aengus to Christianity by using a shamrock leaf to explain the Holy Trinity. The Rock of Cashel is not only historically significant, but it’s a haven for architecture enthusiasts, from the round tower and cathedral to the intricate Celtic art and one of Ireland’s best-preserved frescoes in Cormac’s Chapel. The panoramic views across the Golden Vale are equally breathtaking as this sacred site. 

Explore the Rock of Cashel on: Castles and Manors

5. Hill of Tara, County Meath

Once the home of ancient Ireland’s druids, then the ancient seat of the High Kings, the Hill of Tara is one of the most important archaeological and historical sites in Europe. You’ll walk through millennia of Irish history here, with a Stone Age passage tomb dating back 5,000 years and a collection of monuments and earthworks spanning from the Neolithic to the Iron Age. There’s also prehistoric burial mounds and the central mound, known as the Lia Fáil or “Stone of Destiny”, said to roar when touched by the rightful king of Ireland. With panoramic views of the surrounding countryside, a visit to the Hill of Tara immerses you in Ireland’s regal past of rulers, kings and druids. 

We think you’ll also like: 11 of the oldest hidden pubs and inns in Britain and Ireland

6. Kilkenny Castle, County Kilkenny

Set in the heart of the medieval city of Kilkenny, this majestic Norman castle stands as a symbol of east Ireland’s rich history and architectural prowess. Built in the 12th century, the grand castle was once the stronghold of the influential Butler family and has evolved through the centuries from a defensive fortress to a regal residence. Wander through ornate staterooms, art-filled galleries and lavish interiors, and take in the panoramic views of the city from its battlements. Outside, explore the beautifully manicured gardens and roam along the tranquil River Nore.

Explore Kilkenny on: Best of Ireland

7. Cobh, County Cork

This gorgeous seaside town is filled with fascinating maritime history, having welcomed many ships throughout history including the fated RMS Titanic. On April 11, 1912, the Titanic set sail from Cobh for New York, never to return. Today, you can visit The Titanic Experience at the original White Star Line ticket office in Cork Harbor, which tells the poignant story of the doomed ship and commemorates the lost passengers. For more maritime history, visit the Cobh Heritage Center to learn about everything from the convict ships that departed for Australia in 1801 to the 2.5 million Irish emigrants who set sail from Cobh during the 19th and 20th centuries. You can even learn the story of Annie Moore, the first immigrant to pass through Ellis Island in New York.

Explore Cobh on: Treasures of Ireland

8. Huntington Castle, County Carlow

Located in the pretty village of Clonegal, Huntington Castle may be one of the most spectacular historical sites, but its origins are more gruesome. Built in 1625, the castle was originally a garrison, but from 1680 on, it transformed into a lavish family home. Today you can explore the grand interiors and learn about the castle’s famous residents, stopping by the formal rooms and dungeon, home to a temple to the Egyptian goddess Isis. You can also explore the manicured gardens, with a rose walk in the Italian parterre, water gardens, and a magical yew tree walk believed to date back over 500 years.

We think you’ll also like: The ultimate guide to the most beautiful castles in Ireland

9. Jerpoint Abbey, County Kilkenny

Founded in the 12th century, this Cistercian monastery is renowned for its well-preserved cloister, chapel and central tower. It’s also home to beautiful stone carvings depicting biblical scenes, daily medieval life, and knights and bishops. The sculptures and carvings, particularly on the cloister pillars and tombs, are remarkably detailed. A stroll through the ruins offers a glimpse into medieval craftsmanship and the artistry of Ireland’s ancient masons. You can also learn more about the abbey’s monastic history at the informative visitor center.

Explore County Kilkenny on: Amazing Ireland

10. Waterford Viking Triangle, County Waterford

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As Ireland’s oldest city, established as a Viking port in 914, Waterford is packed with ancient treasures, including the remarkable Viking Triangle. Bordered by original 10th-century Viking walls, a walk through this historical quarter will take you on a journey through the millennia. As you navigate the narrow cobbled streets, you’ll see how the Vikings, Normans and Victorians shaped the city. Marvel at the 13th-century Reginald’s Tower, Ireland’s oldest complete building. See the Bishop’s Palace, a Georgian mansion housing a museum on Waterford’s history. Take a ferry to the 19th-century Waterford Castle, set on its own private island. Explore the Medieval Museum, and stop by the Waterford Crystal Visitor Center to see the world-famous craftsmanship of Waterford glass.

Explore Waterford on: Wonders of Britain and Ireland

11. Trim Castle, County Meath

The largest Anglo-Norman castle in Ireland, Trim Castle has over 800 years of history. Built over a 30-year span starting in the late 12th century, its imposing stone keep is the centerpiece, surrounded by a vast curtain wall and moat. The castle’s formidable stone walls, keep, and turrets have been the backdrop for historical treaties, battles, and even Hollywood movies such as 1995’s Braveheart. In 1753, Richard Pococke, the Archdeacon of Dublin and explorer of Ancient Egypt, described the castle as “the greatest piece of antiquity” he had seen. Today, you can explore the well-preserved ruins and climb the battlements for stunning views over the River Boyne. If you’re visiting in June, you can even take part in the Irish rural traditions of the Trim Hay Making Festival.

We think you’ll also like: Ireland: Your guide to the Emerald Isle

12. Wexford, County Wexford

This vibrant town hosts a wealth of fascinating historical sites, from Viking sites to floating museums. The town was originally named Waesfjord (harbor of mudflats) by the Vikings who landed here around 850. The Normans later conquered it in 1169 and you can still see their fort ruins in the Irish National Heritage Park open-air museum. Learn about the 1798 Rebellion at the National 1798 Rebellion Center and see the medieval Westgate Tower and Selskar Abbey. You also can’t miss a visit to the Dunbrody Famine Ship, a floating museum replicating the 19th-century vessels that carried Irish emigrants to North America. The museum offers a unique insight into the stories of those escaping the Irish famine, with exhibitions and costumed performers.

Explore Wexford on: Britain and Ireland Panorama

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15 Magical Places In Ireland That Look Like Something From A Fairytale

By Author Keith O'Hara

Posted on Last updated: January 2, 2024

Ireland’s home to an endless number of incredible places to visit.

Some of these places are steeped in history. Others are areas of immense natural beauty. And others, well, others are a different story altogether, as you’ll discover shortly.

In the guide below, you’ll find 15 places in Ireland that look like they’ve been whipped straight from a Walt Disney movie.

Expect everything from cliff-side castles and romantic ruins to ancient forts and plenty more.

1. Menlo Castle in Galway

Photo by Lisandro Luis Trarbach (Shutterstock)

You’ll find Menlo Castle , a gorgeous ruin of a 16th-century castle, just outside Galway City on the banks of the River Corrib.

Once owned by the richest family in Galway in 1592, all that remains now are its ivy-covered walls.

The castle is a half-hour walk or a short drive from the centre of Galway. When you arrive, walk to the end of the dirt road and climb over the locked gate. After that, it’s possible to go inside and explore but BE CAREFUL.

Related read : Check out our guide to 41 of the best things to do in Galway in 2024

2. A crumbly cliff-side castle in Antrim

Photo by shawnwil23 (Shutterstock)

To say that the location of Kinbane Castle , which was built in 1547, is dramatic would be doing it a colossal injustice.

Built on a small rock promontory called Kinbane Head which extends out into the sea, the scenery surrounding the castle is just breath-taking.

Isolated ruins, jagged cliffs and the powerful Atlantic Ocean combine to make this a place that’ll cement itself in your mind.

Related read : Check out our guide to the best things to do in Antrim in 2024

3. The incredible Gougane Barra in West Cork

Photo by Brian Fox (this is his website and you’ll find him on IG here )

You’ll find the brilliant Gougane Barra in County Cork, in the South West of Ireland, not far from the Beara Peninsula and a stone’s throw (54-minute drive) from Kenmare in Kerry.

If you’re not familiar with it, Gougane Barra is an area of immense wild scenery and natural beauty that you’ll find tucked away on 137 acres at the edge of the Sheehy Mountains.

Many people that visit Cork, for some bizarre reason, completely overlook the gorgeous 137-acre park that’s hidden away in a lovely valley at the edge of the Sheehy mountains.

Related read : Check out our guide to 31 of the best things to do in West Cork in 2024

4. Doon Fort in Donegal

Photos by Lukassek/Shutterstock

You’ll find Doon Fort in Donegal on a little island in the centre of Loughadoon, not far from the coastal villages of Narin and Portnoo.

Doon Fort is a large Western Stone Fort and, when gawked at from above, it looks like it’s home to a lush green garden.

Over the years the fort has been linked to the Breslin and the O’Boyle clans. It’s said that the Breslin’s occupied the fort from the 5th century, while the O’Boyle clan took it over until it fell into disrepair.

If you fancy visiting Doon Fort, I’ve heard that you can rent boats during the summer and sail over to it for a nosey (there’s no official website stating this but you can find more info in this guide ).

Related read : Check out our guide to 49 of the best things to do in Donegal in 2024

5. Clough Oughter Castle in Cavan

Photo by Tom Archer via Tourism Ireland

You’ll find the fairytale-like Clough Oughter Castle in the Marble Arch Geopark, next to the picturesque Killykeen Forest Park.

The island upon which Clough Oughter sits (known as a Crannog) was made by man. It’s incredible to think of the engineering that must have went into building it.

Over the years, the castle fell under the control of many different clans. Towards the end of the 12th century, the castle was in the grasps of the O’Rourkes.

Related read : Check out our guide to the best things to do in Cavan in 2024

6. Mussenden Temple in Derry

Photo by Gareth Wray

The Mussenden Temple is one of those places that looks like it’s been whipped from a Hollywood set.

You’ll find the temple in the stunning surroundings of Downhill Demesne in County Derry where it’s perched on a 120-foot high cliff overlooking the ocean.

It was constructed in 1785 and its architecture was inspired by the Temple of Vesta in Tivoli, near Rome.

Related read : Check out our guide to 25 of the best things to do in Derry in 2024

7. The Rock of Cashel in Tipperary

Photo by Brian Morrison

Tourists go mad for the Rock of Cashel. And it’s not exactly hard to see why. The place looks like something whipped straight from the mind of Walt Disney.

The fairytale-like Rock of Cashel dates back to the 5th Century and the inauguration of Aenghus King of Munster by St. Patrick himself.

St. Patrick travelled to Cashel to transform the Munster kingship from one of paganism to one of Christianity.

Related read : Check out our guide to 19 of the best things to do in Tipperary in 2024.

8. Tollymore Forrest in Down

Photo by Chris Hill

Next up is Tollymore Forest Park which, in the picture above, looks a little bit like something from the Lord of the Rings.

Tollymore Forest covers an impressive 630 hectares of land at the foot of the Mourne Mountains .

It’s a fine spot for walking, camping, horse riding, and orienteering, and there’s also a big play area for kids.

There are 4 different trails that you can head off on in Tollymore, the most popular of which is the Red Trail, a three-mile-long trail that passes through woodland and offers dramatic views of the Pot of Legawherry.

Related read : Check out our guide to 18 of the best things to do in Down in 2024

9. The Swiss Cottage in Tipperary

Built in the early 1800s by Richard Butler, the Swiss Cottage in Tipperary was originally part of Lord and Lady Cahir’s estate and was used to entertain guests.

While the cottage was restored in 1985, its unusual and rustic features remain intact. A visit to the Swiss Cottage is perfectly paired with a trip to Cahir Castle.

You can stroll along the riverside to the Swiss Cottage from the castle in about 45 minutes.

10. Kylemore Abbey in Galway

Kylemore Castle in Connemara tends to top the to-see lists of many people planning a visit to County Galway.

Constructed in 1867, Kylemore Abbey boasts an almost endless number of tales of romance, tragedy, spirituality, and innovation.

The abbey is now home to the Benedictine nuns, who’ve been calling it home since 1920. I’ve visited Kylemore Abbey 2 or 3 times over the years and have never once gone inside.

You can just as easily admire the beauty of this place from afar.

11. Grianan of Aileach in Donegal

Photo by Tom Archer

The Grianan of Aileach is a hillfort that sits on top of the 801 ft high Greenan Mountain on Inishowen in Donegal.

The scenic drive up to the fort, which is said to date back to the 1st century, is worth the trip alone.

When you reach the top you’ll have a magnificent 360 view that takes in Lough Swilly, Lough Foyle and the spectacular countryside that the Inishowen Peninsula boasts by the bucket load.

12. Doonagore Castle in Clare

Photo by shutterupeire (shutterstock)

The iconic Doonagore Castle in Doolin is like something whipped straight from a fairytale. You’ll find it plonked on a hill that overlooks the beautiful Aran Islands.

The castle dates back to the 16th century and while you can’t go inside, it’s worth visiting to admire it from the outside and from afar.

13. Leap Castle in Offaly

Photo on left by Brian Morrisson. Right via Shutterstock

You’ll find Leap Castle 6km north of Roscrea in a town called Coolderry in County Offaly. How long it has been there is open to debate, by all accounts.

Some say that the castle was constructed in the 12th century. Other websites and news outlets claim that it was built much later, in the 15th century.

Leap Castle is said to be one of the longest continually inhabited castles in Ireland, and it boasts a rich and disturbing history (which you can find out more about here ).

Related read : Check out our guide to the best things to do in Offaly in 2024

14. McDermott’s Castle in Roscommon

Photos by ianmitchinson (shutterstock)

You’ll find McDermott’s Castle in County Roscommon on Lough Key, 3km northeast of the town of Boyle.

Stretching around 10km across and forming a rough circular shape, Lough Key contains over 30 islands scattered throughout its chilly waters.

One of these islands is aptly named ‘Castle Island’ and it’s here that you’ll find the ruins of McDermott’s Castle. Learn more about the history of the castle here .

Keith O’Hara has lived in Ireland for 35 years and has spent most of the last 10 creating what is now The Irish Road Trip guide. Over the years, the website has published thousands of meticulously researched Ireland travel guides, welcoming 30 million+ visitors along the way. In 2022, the Irish Road Trip team published the world’s largest collection of Irish Road Trip itineraries . Keith lives in Dublin with his dog Toby and finds writing in the 3rd person minus craic altogether.

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Top Ten Most Interesting and Beautiful Ruins to Visit in Ireland

Ruins have something of a tragic beauty to them.  They represent once-great buildings and individuals and the societies that built them.  However, they are long past their prime, abandoned by circumstance and time and slowly crumbling away.  Like many places throughout Europe, Ireland has its share of ruins that dot the landscape.  They tell the stories of the ancient Celts, the Church, and lords long gone.  We’ve identified the top ten ruins we think you should see below, but since this is not an exhaustive list, you can feel free to let us know some of your own favorites in the comments.

10. Carrowmore

Carrowmore may not seem like much at first, but it is evidence of some of Ireland’s earliest inhabitants, a Bronze-Aged cemetery, spread amongst the fields near the town of Sligo.  The Knocknarea hill burial site is also nearby and features a large Neolithic tomb that legend claims to be the final resting place of Queen Maeve, the warrior queen of Connacht from myth. 

http://www.carrowmore.com/

9. Duckett’s Grove

William Duckett built the estate house at Duckett’s Grove in 1830, originally in a Georgian design but was later renovated into its present Neo-Gothic state.  The Duckett family left the house in 1916 and it was well-preserved by an agent and the local farmers until a fire of unknown cause destroyed much of the interior in 1933.  Today, work to preserve its gardens is ongoing and the courtyard hosts tea rooms and regular events that are open to the public throughout the year. 

Duckett’s Grove

8. Muckross Abbey

Our first church building on this list is one that has held up extremely well over time.  It was a Franciscan friary from its founding in 1448 even through the Dissolution of the Monasteries until the Commonwealth period under Oliver Cromwell.  This might explain why the ruins have been so well preserved over the years and the courtyard features a yew tree believed to be as old as the abbey itself. 

7. Tyrone House

Built in 1779, Tyrone House was the estate of Christopher St. George but was abandoned by the beginning of the 20 th Century.  During the Irish War of Independence, the house was burned by the Irish Republican Army after rumor spread the Black and Tans were going to use it as an infirmary.  As such, the interior of the home is completely gutted and only the walls remain. 

6. Dunluce Castle

Dunluce Castle was once the seat of Clan McDonnell, the Irish branch of the Scottish Clan Donald and the castle building itself dates back to roughly the 16 th Century.  It’s had quite an interesting history, though the legends concerning it are equally interesting and say that it became abandoned after the kitchen fell into the sea and the owner refused to live there.  Game of Thrones fans will note that it also serves as the stand-in for the Greyjoy castle Pyke.    

5. Newgrange 

One of the oldest burial grounds in Ireland, Newgrange is a World Heritage Site that is well over 5,000 years old, older than Stonehenge and the Pyramids of Giza.  It has played a role in both history and mythology, believed to be the home of the pre-Christian deity Dagda and his sons.  The inner carvings are a beautiful example of prehistoric Celtic art, which is best illuminated by the rising sun on the day of the Winter Solstice. 

https://www.newgrange.com/

4. Skellig Michael

Skelling Michael is a two-pinnacled crag off the coast of County Kerry was home to a 6 th Century monastery that has long since been abandoned.  The monks left the island in about the 13 th Century when living conditions became too harsh to support the community and it was taken into State ownership in the 19 th Century, later becoming a World Heritage Site in 1996.  Star Wars fans will certainly want to make a pilgrimage here as it played the role of Luke Skywalker’s retreat in the new trilogy. 

3. Fore Abbey

One of the most interesting ecclesiastical ruins is that of Fore Abbey.  It was once a Benedictine monastery built in 630 AD, rebuilt in the 15 th Century, and lasted until 1539, when it met the fate of many Church buildings during the Dissolution of the Monasteries.  It has had a fascinating history from the raids by Vikings to the final one made by King Henry VIII’s forces. 

https://heritageireland.ie/places-to-visit/fore-abbey/

2. Rock of Cashel

Also known as the Cashel of the Kings and St. Patrick’s Rock, the Rock of Cashel was the seat of the kings of Munster for hundreds of years until the Normans invaded.  In 1101, the then-current King of Munster donated the castle to the Church which later built Cormac’s Chapel and the Cathedral.  It is home to some of the finest examples of Celtic art in the country and that, along with its history, are worth discovering. 

https://heritageireland.ie/places-to-visit/rock-of-cashel/

1. Blarney Castle

Blarney Castle is undeniably one of the top tourist attractions in all of Ireland.  The current castle was built around 1446 and then confiscated by the supporters of King William III, after which time it passed through a series of owners.  Parts of the castle are now in ruins, but the battlements and some of the rooms are intact, as is the castle’s biggest draw—the Blarney Stone, believed to give the “gift of gab” to whoever kisses it.

https://blarneycastle.ie/

Author: John Rabon

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Ireland's must-see prehistoric sites

These prehistoric sites across ireland let you experience history up close and personal..

Ireland has a long and rich mythological history .

In fact, some of Ireland's prehistoric structures date back more than 6,000 years, from before the pyramids in Giza in Eygpt!

Here are just ten of Ireland's prehistoric and magical sites:

Newgrange, Co Meath

Inside Newgrange during the winter solstice. (Ireland's Content Pool)

Older than both Stonehenge and the Egyptian Pyramids, Newgrange dates back to 3200 BC.

While the actual purpose of Newgrange is still debated, it is largely agreed that it was of religious importance. Every year during the winter solstice , the sun aligns perfectly with the inner chambers to allow sunlight to flow in for the only time during the year.

Poulnabrone Portal Tomb, Co Clare 10 Poulnabrone Portal Tomb, Co Clare. (Getty Images)

Excavations in 1985 found that between 16 and 22 adults and six children were buried under the monument. Personal items buried with the dead included a polished stone axe, a bone pendant, quartz crystals, weapons, and pottery.

In the Bronze Age , around 1700 BC, a newborn baby was buried in the portico, just outside the entrance.

With its dominating presence on the limestone landscape of the Burren, the tomb must have remained a center for ceremony and ritual until well into the Celtic period.

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Ardgroom Stone Circle, Beara Peninsula, Co Cork

Ardgroom Stone Circle, Beara Peninsula, Co Cork. (Getty Images)

Overlooking the Kenmare river is the stone circle called “Canfea,” or Ardgroom.

Nine stones, from the original 11, still stand. Ardgroom is also known for its huge outlying piper-stone which nears nine feet in height. 

Prehistoric rock art, Inishowen, Co Donegal

Isle of Doagh, Inishowen Peninsula, Co Donegal. (Ireland's Content Pool)

The Isle of Doagh in Inishowen is one of the most important sites in Western Europe for rock art dating back to at least 3000 B.C.

There are more than 40 known sites (the biggest collection in Ireland) with two new discoveries having been recently made close to the Isle.

Most of the sites consist of cup-and-ring art, but very little is known about their significance. It is speculated that in ancient times the Isle of Doagh may have been considered a sacred island.

Drombeg Stone Circle, Co Cork

Drombeg Stone Circle, Drombeg, Co Cork. (Ireland's Content Pool)

Also known as ‘The Druid’s Altar,’ this stone circle consists of 17 closely spaced stones spanning 31-feet in diameter, of which 13 survive. It is flanked by a pair of 1.8m high axial portal stones, which provide a southwest axis and orientate the monument in the direction of the setting sun during the midwinter solstice.

During a 1958 excavation, a pot was found in the center of the circle containing the cremated remains of a young adolescent wrapped with a thick cloth. Radiocarbon dating of samples taken from the site suggests that it was active circa 945 to 830 BC.

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Castlestrange Stone, Co Roscommon

Castlestrange Scribed Stone, Athleague, Co Roscommon. (Ireland's Content Pool)

The Castlestrange stone is located on the grounds of "Castlestrange House," near Athleague in County Roscommon. It is a granite boulder decorated with flowing spirals in the La Tène style, dating from the Iron Age period between 500 BC and 100 AD. Though the use of the stone is not known, it is believed it was of religious importance. 

Rathcroghan, Co Roscommon

Rathcroghan ancient mounds, Co Roscommon. (Ireland's Content Pool)

Rathcroghan is known to be the site of Cruachan, the traditional capital of the Connacht.

The site had huge importance as a cemetery and also hosted some of the main ritual gatherings in ancient times.

It is an important site in Irish mythology, in particular as the seat of Ailill and Medb, king and queen of the Connachta in the Ulster Cycle. Like other royal sites, there are not any great historical references nor any archaeological evidence to prove it was a royal residence or fortress as described in the myths.

Some of the best examples of ring-forts in the area date from Christian times. 

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Janus figure statues, Co Fermanagh

Janus Statue Boa Island. (Ireland's Content Pool)

In Caldragh Cemetery on Boa Island, Lower Lough Erne stand two stone carvings. The larger of these is a Janus figure, two figures back to back with pear-shaped heads and interlacing between the heads representing hair. The East face pictured left is carved with a penis, and the west face is the female side. Both of these carvings are in high relief. The smaller figure which is known as "the Lustyman" because it was found on the nearby island Lusty More, may, in fact, be a female figure.

Baurnadomeeny Wedge Tomb, Co Tipperary 

Connected with Diarmuid and Grainne, the tomb appears to have multiple alignments with different chambers aligned with different important sunrises.

The tomb is surrounded by a double curb, 52 feet and 36 feet in diameter respectively. The outer curb is largest but no stones stand above 3ft in height. The tomb is very long, roughly 16ft, with a septal stone creating the portico and main chamber.

The capstone at the front appears to be carved on the inside to create a small channel. There are also some small carvings, of no particular pattern, on some of the inner stones. Some cairn material remains on top.

Queen Maeve’s tomb on Knocknarea, Co Sligo 

Knocknarea, Co Sligo. (Ireland's Content Pool)

On the summit of Knocknarea is a large cairn about 180 feet wide and 33 feet high, making it the largest such cairn in Ireland outside the Brú na Bóinne. It is known in Irish as Meascán Méabha or Miosgan Meadhbha and in English as Medb's Cairn, Medb's Tomb, Medb's Nipple or Medb's Grave. It probably dates to around 3000 BC. Meabh is a figure in Irish mythology dating to the early first millennium AD.

*Originally published in 2013, updated in July 2023. 

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47 Best Castles in Ireland to See

Ireland is known for its rich history and cultural heritage; a significant part of this legacy lies in its castles. From ancient ruins to restored fortresses, these architectural marvels serve as a window into the past, allowing visitors to explore Ireland’s history and its unique architectural styles and periods . In this essay, we will delve into the importance of castles in Irish history and culture, discuss the various architectural styles and periods, and provide an overview of the top 47 castles worth visiting in the country. It’s hard to say which one is the best because each one has its own special features and history. Let’s take a look at 47 amazing Irish castles and enjoy what makes each one unique.

Overview of the Top Irish Castles List

Here is a list of the 47 best castles in Ireland you should visit, spanning a range of architectural styles and historical periods. Whether you’re interested in Irish castle history , looking for Irish castles to stay in, Irish castles for weddings, or simply wanting to experience the beauty of these structures, these castles offer something for everyone:

• Dublin Castle (Dublin)
• The Rock of Cashel (Tipperary)
• Kylemore Abbey (Galway)
• Blarney Castle (Cork)
• Trim Castle (Meath)
• King John’s Castle (Limerick)
• Cahir Castle (Tipperary)
• Carrickfergus Castle (Antrim)
• Bunratty Castle (Clare)
• Ashford Castle (Mayo)
• Malahide Castle (Dublin)
• Belfast Castle (Antrim)
• Dunluce Castle (Antrim)
• Ross Castle (Kerry)
• Leap Castle (Offaly)
• Lismore Castle (Waterford)
• Athlone Castle (Westmeath)
• Enniscorthy Castle (Wexford)
• Donegal Castle (Donegal)
• Glenveagh Castle (Donegal)
• Slane Castle (Meath)
• Birr Castle (Offaly)
• Dunguaire Castle (Galway)
• Rock of Dunamase (Laois)
• Classiebawn Castle (Sligo)
• Knappogue Castle (Clare)
• Doe Castle (Donegal)
• Dunlough Castle (Cork)
• McDermott’s Castle (Roscommon)
• Clough Oughter Castle (Cavan)
• Adare Castle (Limerick)
• Minard Castle (Kerry)
• Doonagore Castle (Clare)
• Kinbane Castle (Antrim)
• Blackrock Castle (Cork)
• Kilkenny Castle (Kilkenny)
• Lough Eske Castle (Donegal)
• Glin Castle (Limerick)
• Dromoland Castle (Clare)
• Ballynahinch Castle (Galway)
• Bective Abbey (Meath)
• Ballysaggartmore Towers (Waterford)
• Castle Leslie (Monaghan)
• Kilkishen Castle (Clare)
• Ballinalacken Castle (Clare)
• Aughnanure Castle (Galway)
• Castle Ward (Down)

1. Dublin Castle (Dublin)

History: Dublin Castle, located in the heart of the Irish capital, has played a significant role in the country’s history since its construction in the early 13th century. The castle was built on the orders of King John of England as a major defensive structure and center of administration. For centuries, it served as the seat of English and later British rule in Ireland, until it was handed over to the newly formed Irish government in 1922 following the establishment of the Irish Free State.

Features: The castle complex features a mix of architectural styles, reflecting the various stages of its long history. Some of the most notable structures include the medieval Record Tower, the 18th-century State Apartments, the Chapel Royal, and the modern Conference Centre. The State Apartments, once the residence of the British viceroy, now serve as the venue for prestigious state events and ceremonies. The well-preserved Dubh Linn Gardens, situated on the site of the original Viking settlement, provide a tranquil green space within the castle grounds.

Legends: One popular legend surrounding Dublin Castle is the story of the Black Pool, or “Dubh Linn” in Irish, which gave the city its name. It is said that the pool was once inhabited by a fearsome serpent, which was eventually slain by Saint Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland. This tale reflects the rich mythological heritage of Ireland and the enduring influence of Saint Patrick in the country’s history and culture.

Significance: Dublin Castle holds immense historical, political, and cultural significance for Ireland. As the former seat of British rule, it played a central role in the country’s tumultuous past, including the 1916 Easter Rising and the subsequent War of Independence. Today, it serves as a symbol of Irish sovereignty and is a major tourist attraction, offering visitors a unique insight into the nation’s history and heritage. The castle’s architecture and the Dubh Linn Gardens also make it a noteworthy destination for those interested in art and landscape design.

Check out this highly-rated Dublin Castle guided tour.

2. The Rock of Cashel (Tipperary)

History: The Rock of Cashel, also known as St. Patrick’s Rock, is a historic site located in County Tipperary, Ireland. The site has been associated with various Irish kings and royalty since the 4th century, including the powerful Eóganachta dynasty. The Rock became an important religious center in the 12th century when King Muircheartach Ua Briain donated it to the Church. Throughout its history, the Rock of Cashel experienced numerous events, including the infamous sacking by the Cromwellian forces in 1647.

Features: The Rock of Cashel comprises several impressive medieval structures, including the iconic Round Tower, the Cormac’s Chapel, the Cathedral, and the Hall of the Vicars Choral. The Round Tower, dating back to the early 12th century, stands at approximately 28 meters tall and is a prime example of traditional Irish architecture. Cormac’s Chapel, built in the Romanesque style, is particularly famous for its rare frescoes and stone carvings. The Cathedral, constructed between the 13th and 15th centuries, features an impressive Gothic design and a stunning view of the surrounding countryside.

Legends: A popular legend associated with the Rock of Cashel involves Saint Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland. It is said that during his visit to the Rock, Saint Patrick banished all the snakes from Ireland by driving them into the sea. This legend, although likely symbolic rather than literal, has become a central part of the Irish national identity and Saint Patrick’s Day celebrations.

Significance: The Rock of Cashel holds great historical and religious significance for Ireland. It represents a crucial period in the country’s history when the power dynamics between the secular and religious authorities were changing. As one of the most remarkable collections of Celtic art and medieval architecture in Europe, the Rock of Cashel is a must-see destination for anyone interested in Irish history, art, and religion. In addition, the site’s legends and connection to Saint Patrick make it an important part of Ireland’s rich cultural heritage.

3. Kylemore Abbey (Galway)

History: Kylemore Abbey, situated in the heart of Connemara in County Galway, Ireland, was originally built as a private residence for the wealthy English businessman Mitchell Henry and his wife Margaret. Construction began in 1867 and was completed in 1871, creating a stunning example of Victorian architecture in a remote and picturesque setting. The estate was sold to the Duke and Duchess of Manchester in 1903, but financial difficulties forced them to sell it again in 1920. The Benedictine nuns, who had fled Belgium during World War I, purchased the property and established a boarding school and a convent. While the school closed in 2010, the nuns continue to reside at Kylemore Abbey, maintaining it as a place of worship and retreat.

Features: Kylemore Abbey is a stunning example of Victorian neo-Gothic architecture, with its majestic façade and intricate detailing. The estate encompasses 1,000 acres, including a six-acre Victorian Walled Garden, which is home to beautifully restored garden buildings, formal flower gardens, and a kitchen garden. Visitors can also explore the neo-Gothic Church, built as a memorial to Margaret Henry, and a Mausoleum where Mitchell and Margaret Henry are buried. The surrounding landscape of Connemara provides a breathtaking backdrop for the estate, with the Twelve Bens mountain range and the Pollacapall Lough nearby.

Legends: Kylemore Abbey is said to be haunted by the ghost of Margaret Henry, who died tragically during a family holiday in Egypt in 1874. Her heartbroken husband, Mitchell Henry, built the neo-Gothic Church in her memory, and her spirit is said to linger within the castle walls and surrounding grounds.

Significance: Kylemore Abbey is a symbol of love, dedication, and resilience. The Henry family’s devotion to each other and their estate, the Benedictine nuns’ commitment to their faith and community, and the beautiful landscape all contribute to the Abbey’s lasting allure. Today, Kylemore Abbey is a popular tourist destination, offering visitors a glimpse into the lives of the Henry family, the Benedictine community, and the stunning beauty of the Connemara region.

Guided Tour: The Kylemore Abbey Full-Day Guided Tour offers visitors an immersive experience of the history, architecture, and natural beauty of the estate and its surroundings. With knowledgeable guides leading the way, participants will explore the stunning interiors of the Abbey, learn about its rich history, and hear the fascinating stories of the people who lived and worked there.

4. Blarney Castle (Cork)

History: Blarney Castle, located near Cork, Ireland, is a medieval fortress that dates back to the early 13th century. Originally built by the McCarthy clan, the castle has a rich and varied history, having been besieged, destroyed, and rebuilt multiple times. Cormac MacCarthy, the King of Munster, constructed the current castle in the mid-15th century. Throughout its existence, Blarney Castle has been a symbol of Irish resistance against English rule and has passed through the hands of several influential families.

Features: Blarney Castle is a prime example of a medieval fortress, with its imposing battlements, towering keep, and fortified walls. The castle is surrounded by lush gardens, including the famous Poison Garden, which houses a collection of toxic and dangerous plants. However, the castle’s most famous feature is the Blarney Stone , a block of limestone built into the battlements. According to legend, anyone who kisses the stone while hanging upside-down will be granted the gift of eloquence.

Legends: The Blarney Stone is the center of numerous legends and stories. One tale claims that an old woman cast a spell on the stone to reward a king who had saved her from drowning. The king then kissed the stone, and the spell granted him the ability to speak with great charm and persuasiveness. Another story suggests that the stone was brought to Ireland from Scotland during the Crusades and that it originally belonged to the biblical prophet Jeremiah.

Significance: Blarney Castle holds a unique place in Irish history and culture, thanks to the legend of the Blarney Stone . Kissing the stone has become a popular tradition for visitors from around the world, turning the castle into a must-see attraction in Ireland. Additionally, Blarney Castle serves as a testament to Ireland’s rich architectural and historical heritage, providing a fascinating glimpse into the country’s tumultuous past.

5. Trim Castle (Meath)

History: Trim Castle, situated in County Meath, Ireland, is an impressive Norman fortress dating back to the late 12th century. Constructed by Hugh de Lacy, a Norman knight who was granted the lands by King Henry II of England, the castle was designed to secure the newly acquired territory and assert control over the local population. Over the centuries, Trim Castle has witnessed numerous battles, sieges, and changes of ownership, and it has played a crucial role in Irish history.

Features: Trim Castle is the largest Anglo-Norman castle in Ireland, covering an area of over 30,000 square meters. The castle’s central keep stands three stories high and is surrounded by a curtain wall, which contains several towers and a fortified gatehouse. The castle’s design is characterized by its unique cruciform shape, which provided additional defensive capabilities. Visitors can explore the interior of the keep, the curtain walls, and the surrounding grounds, which offer stunning views of the River Boyne.

Legends: While there are no specific legends associated with Trim Castle, the fortress has a storied past that has inspired tales of bravery, treachery, and intrigue. The castle has changed hands many times throughout history, serving as the backdrop for power struggles, political maneuverings, and military campaigns. The castle’s imposing presence has fueled the imagination of countless generations, contributing to its enduring allure.

Significance: Trim Castle is an important historical site in Ireland, showcasing the architectural prowess and military strategy of the Norman invaders. The castle’s remarkable preservation allows visitors to experience a tangible connection to Ireland’s past and gain a deeper understanding of the country’s complex history. In addition, the castle’s cinematic appearance has made it a popular filming location, most notably for the 1995 movie “Braveheart.”

6. King John’s Castle (Limerick)

History: King John’s Castle, located in Limerick City, Ireland, is a formidable 13th-century fortress built by the order of King John of England. Construction began in 1200 under the supervision of Bishop Geoffrey de Marisco, who was tasked with strengthening the city’s defenses and establishing Limerick as a prominent administrative center. Over the years, the castle has played a key role in various conflicts, including the Irish Confederate Wars, the Williamite War, and the Irish Civil War.

Features: King John’s Castle boasts a massive curtain wall punctuated by five large drum towers, offering a prime example of Norman military architecture. The castle’s riverside location on the banks of the River Shannon provided a strategic advantage, while its thick walls and imposing gatehouse offered additional protection. Today, visitors can explore the castle’s towers, ramparts, and courtyard, as well as a modern interactive exhibition that provides an immersive experience of the site’s history.

Legends: While no specific legends surround King John’s Castle, it has been the center of many significant historical events and tales. One of the most dramatic episodes in the castle’s history occurred in 1642 when it was besieged by an Irish Confederate force. Despite being heavily outnumbered, the castle’s defenders managed to hold out for several months until they were finally relieved by a Royalist army.

Significance: King John’s Castle is a testament to the power and influence of the English crown in medieval Ireland. As one of the best-preserved examples of Norman architecture in the country, it offers valuable insights into the engineering techniques and military strategies of the time. The castle serves as a powerful symbol of Limerick’s turbulent history and provides an engaging educational experience for visitors interested in Ireland’s past.

7. Cahir Castle (Tipperary)

History: Cahir Castle, one of Ireland’s largest and best-preserved castles, is situated on an island in the River Suir in County Tipperary. The castle was originally built in the 13th century by the powerful O’Brien family, who were granted the land by King John of England. In the late 14th century, the castle was taken over by the Butler family, who made several additions and improvements over the years. Cahir Castle has witnessed several sieges throughout its history, including those during the Irish Confederate Wars and the Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland.

Features: Cahir Castle showcases a remarkable blend of architectural styles, from the original 13th-century keep to the later expansions in the 15th and 16th centuries. The castle is characterized by its impressive curtain walls, massive towers, and an inner ward that encloses a courtyard. Visitors can explore the various chambers, halls, and staircases within the castle, as well as the well-preserved portcullis and drawbridge.

Legends: While no specific legends are associated with Cahir Castle, its rich history has given rise to several tales and stories. One such story involves the Earl of Essex, who laid siege to the castle in 1599 during the Nine Years’ War. According to the tale, the castle’s defenders were caught off guard when they mistook the approaching English army for a herd of deer, allowing the Earl’s forces to capture the castle with ease.

Significance: Cahir Castle is a striking example of medieval Irish fortress architecture and stands as a testament to the power and wealth of the O’Brien and Butler families. The castle’s history reflects the shifting allegiances and political landscape of Ireland over the centuries, making it an important site for understanding the nation’s past. Today, Cahir Castle is a popular tourist attraction and an essential stop for anyone interested in Ireland’s medieval history.

8. Carrickfergus Castle (Antrim)

History: Carrickfergus Castle, located in the coastal town of Carrickfergus in County Antrim, Northern Ireland, dates back to the 12th century. Sir John de Courcy, an Anglo-Norman knight, built the castle as his main stronghold after conquering the area in 1177. The castle has played a crucial role in various conflicts throughout its history, including the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland, the Nine Years’ War, and the Williamite War. It has also served as a garrison and a prison, and remained in military use until 1928.

Features: Carrickfergus Castle is a prime example of Norman military architecture in Ireland. Its massive keep, polygonal curtain walls, and imposing gatehouse are the most prominent features. The castle also has a well-preserved great hall and living quarters, where visitors can gain insight into the daily life of its inhabitants. The castle stands on a rocky outcrop overlooking the harbor, which allowed it to control the approach by sea.

Legends: One of the most famous legends associated with Carrickfergus Castle is the story of Button Cap, a ghostly figure said to haunt the castle’s tower. The spirit is believed to be that of a soldier who was executed for attempting to take over the castle by force. His restless soul is said to wander the castle, especially around the tower where he met his end.

Significance: Carrickfergus Castle is an essential landmark in the history of Ireland and Northern Ireland, providing insight into the region’s turbulent past. As one of the best-preserved Norman castles in the country, it offers a unique window into medieval military architecture and life. Today, the castle is a popular tourist attraction, with guided tours and exhibits that bring its history to life for visitors.

9. Bunratty Castle (Clare)

History: Bunratty Castle, situated in the village of Bunratty in County Clare, Ireland, has a history that dates back to the early 13th century. The current structure is the fourth castle to be built on the site and was constructed by the MacNamara family around 1425. In 1543, the castle was granted to the O’Brien family, who were the Earls of Thomond, and they held it until the 18th century. The castle fell into disrepair for a period, but it was purchased and meticulously restored by Lord Gort in the 20th century.

Features: Bunratty Castle is a prime example of a medieval fortress, featuring a central keep surrounded by defensive walls and corner towers. The keep boasts four floors, including a great hall, living quarters, and private chambers. The castle is furnished with period artifacts and tapestries, giving visitors a glimpse into the lives of its medieval inhabitants. The grounds of the castle also include a 19th-century folk park, which recreates a traditional Irish village and offers an immersive experience of rural life in the past.

Legends: One of the most popular legends associated with Bunratty Castle is the story of the “Bunratty Banshee.” According to the tale, the banshee is the spirit of a woman who died tragically in the castle, and her mournful wails can be heard on certain nights. Some versions of the legend claim that the banshee only appears to members of the O’Brien family, warning them of impending doom.

Significance: Bunratty Castle is a significant historical site in Ireland, offering an authentic look into medieval life and architecture. The castle’s restoration and the addition of the folk park have made it a popular tourist attraction, where visitors can explore the castle, attend medieval banquets, and experience the living history of Ireland. The castle also hosts various events throughout the year, including traditional Irish music sessions and cultural festivals, making it a vibrant cultural hub in County Clare.

10. Ashford Castle (Mayo)

History: Ashford Castle, located in County Mayo, was first built in the 13th century by the Anglo-Norman de Burgo family. Over the centuries, the castle has been expanded and modified by various owners, including the Guinness family, who purchased it in the 19th century. In the 20th century, the castle was transformed into a luxurious hotel, which has welcomed many famous guests, including royalty, politicians, and celebrities.

Features: Ashford Castle boasts an impressive range of architectural styles, reflecting its long and varied history. The castle has undergone extensive renovations and expansions, resulting in a blend of medieval, Victorian, and Georgian elements. The 350-acre estate surrounding the castle features beautiful gardens, a golf course, and access to the picturesque Lough Corrib.

Legends: One popular legend associated with Ashford Castle is that of the White Horse of Ashford, which is said to roam the estate at night. According to the legend, a beautiful white horse appears on the grounds and, if ridden by a person of pure heart, can grant them a single wish before disappearing.

Significance: Ashford Castle is a significant landmark in Ireland, showcasing the country’s rich architectural history and providing visitors with a luxurious and unique lodging experience. Its beautiful setting, coupled with its legendary tales, adds to the allure of the castle, making it an essential destination for those seeking a taste of Irish history and opulence.

Accommodation: For those looking to experience a luxurious stay steeped in history, Ashford Castle offers exceptional accommodation options. This 5-star hotel provides guests with elegantly appointed rooms and suites, blending traditional charm with modern comforts. Each room is uniquely designed, featuring antique furnishings, sumptuous fabrics, and original artwork. Guests can enjoy a range of world-class amenities, including a spa, fine dining options, and an array of outdoor activities such as golf, fishing, and horseback riding. Staying at Ashford Castle is truly an unforgettable experience that will transport you back in time while indulging in the finest comforts of the present day.

11. Malahide Castle (Dublin)

History: Malahide Castle, situated in the charming seaside town of Malahide in County Dublin, was built in the 12th century by Richard Talbot, a loyal knight of King Henry II of England. The Talbot family resided in the castle for nearly 800 years, with the exception of a brief period during the Cromwellian conquest. In 1975, the last Talbot descendant sold the castle to the Irish State, and it has since been open to the public.

Features: Malahide Castle is an architectural gem, with its combination of medieval, Georgian, and Gothic styles. The castle features a Great Hall, intricately carved wooden panels, and lavish reception rooms. The 260-acre park surrounding the castle includes stunning gardens, a butterfly house, and a picturesque walking trail.

Legends: One of the most famous legends surrounding Malahide Castle is that of Puck, the mischievous jester. Puck, who served as a jester and caretaker of the castle, is said to have fallen in love with a prisoner named Lady Elenora Fitzgerald. Tragically, Puck was found dead outside the castle walls, and it is believed that his ghost still haunts the premises, particularly the turret where Lady Elenora was imprisoned.

Significance: Malahide Castle holds a special place in Irish history, as it was home to the Talbot family for centuries and played a role in the country’s turbulent past. Today, the castle serves as a popular tourist attraction and a venue for special events and concerts, offering visitors a chance to experience its rich history, architectural beauty, and enchanting legends.

12. Belfast Castle (Antrim)

History: Belfast Castle, located on the slopes of Cave Hill in Belfast, Northern Ireland, has a history that dates back to the late 12th century. The original castle was built by the Normans in the city center but was destroyed by a fire in 1708. The current Belfast Castle was constructed between 1862 and 1870 by the Marquess of Donegall and was designed in the Scottish Baronial style. In 1934, the castle and its surrounding estate were gifted to the city of Belfast by the Shaftesbury family, and it has since been a prominent public attraction.

Features: Belfast Castle boasts an impressive architectural design, featuring corner turrets, a central tower, and ornate stonework. The interior of the castle is lavishly decorated with Victorian furnishings and ornamental details. The surrounding estate spans 100 acres and includes beautiful gardens, walking trails, and panoramic views of the city and Belfast Lough. The castle is now a popular venue for weddings, conferences, and other events.

Legends: While Belfast Castle may not have a specific legend tied to it, the surrounding area of Cave Hill has its own intriguing folklore. The hill is said to have inspired Jonathan Swift’s “Gulliver’s Travels” due to the sleeping giant-like profile of the hill’s face. There are also tales of hidden treasure within the caves and secret passageways, although no treasure has ever been discovered.

Significance: Belfast Castle is an important landmark in the city of Belfast, offering a stunning example of Victorian architecture and a glimpse into the city’s history. The castle and its grounds provide a serene escape from the bustling city and serve as a popular destination for locals and tourists alike. The castle’s role as a public venue for events and celebrations further contributes to its significance as a cultural and social hub within Belfast.

13. Dunluce Castle (Antrim)

History: Dunluce Castle, perched dramatically on the edge of a basalt cliff overlooking the North Atlantic Ocean in County Antrim, Northern Ireland, has a rich history dating back to the 13th century. The castle was built by the Anglo-Norman Richard de Burgh, the Earl of Ulster, and later became the stronghold of the MacDonnell clan in the 16th century. The castle has witnessed numerous battles and sieges over the centuries and is famously associated with the tragic sinking of the Girona, a Spanish Armada ship, in 1588. The castle was abandoned in the late 17th century after part of the structure collapsed into the sea during a storm.

Features: Dunluce Castle is known for its dramatic location and stunning views of the surrounding coastline. The castle’s ruins include a great hall, a gatehouse, and residential buildings, as well as the remnants of a defensive wall. An archaeological excavation in the early 21st century revealed the remains of a “lost town” just outside the castle walls, believed to have been a thriving merchant settlement in the 17th century.

Legends: There are several legends associated with Dunluce Castle. One popular tale is that of the castle’s kitchens collapsing into the sea during a stormy night, taking with it the kitchen staff and the dinner being prepared for a grand feast. Another legend tells of a banshee haunting the castle, mourning the loss of her child who was killed during a siege.

Significance: Dunluce Castle is a significant historical site, offering a unique window into the tumultuous past of the region. The castle has become an iconic symbol of Northern Ireland’s dramatic landscape and serves as a popular tourist destination. The recent discovery of the “lost town” adds another layer to the castle’s significance, shedding light on the everyday life of the people who lived and worked in the shadow of this imposing fortress.

14. Ross Castle (Kerry)

History: Ross Castle, located on the shores of Lough Leane in Killarney National Park, County Kerry, was built in the 15th century by O’Donoghue Mór, the chieftain of the area. The castle served as a stronghold for the O’Donoghue clan until the 17th century, when it was taken over by Cromwellian forces. It was subsequently owned by various families, including the Earls of Kenmare until it was handed over to the Irish State in the 20th century.

Features: Ross Castle is an impressive example of a medieval tower house with a fortified square keep, round towers, and battlements. The castle’s interior is furnished with period pieces, giving visitors a glimpse into the lives of its former residents. The scenic location of the castle, nestled within the lush surroundings of Killarney National Park, adds to its charm and allure.

Legends: One of the most famous legends associated with Ross Castle is that of O’Donoghue Mór himself. It is believed that O’Donoghue still resides deep within the waters of Lough Leane and emerges every seven years on the morning of May 1st to ride around the lake on his white horse. Anyone fortunate enough to catch a glimpse of O’Donoghue during this ride is said to be granted good fortune for the rest of their lives.

Significance: Ross Castle holds historical and cultural significance as a representation of the power struggles that took place during Ireland’s turbulent past. It is a popular tourist attraction, with visitors drawn to its stunning location, rich history, and fascinating legends. The castle also serves as a starting point for boat trips around the picturesque lakes of Killarney National Park, offering visitors a unique way to explore the area’s natural beauty.

15. Leap Castle (Offaly)

History: Leap Castle, located in County Offaly, was built in the late 15th or early 16th century by the O’Carroll clan, who were notorious for their cruelty and ruthlessness. The castle has a dark and violent history, marked by power struggles, murders, and betrayals within the O’Carroll family. It eventually passed into the hands of the Darby family in the 17th century, and later, in the 20th century, it was owned by various private individuals.

Features: Leap Castle is a rectangular tower house with a central keep, square towers, and battlements. The castle’s most infamous feature is the Bloody Chapel, where several gruesome events are said to have occurred, including the murder of a priest by his own brother. The castle has been restored over the years, and its current owner has worked to preserve its historic charm while also making it a welcoming place for visitors.

Legends: Leap Castle is known as one of the most haunted castles in Ireland, with numerous tales of ghostly encounters and paranormal activity. The most famous ghost is the “Elemental,” a malevolent spirit believed to be an ancient presence that predates the castle itself. Other reported apparitions include the “Red Lady,” a mysterious figure holding a dagger, and the ghosts of the murdered O’Carroll clan members.

Significance: The haunting history and legends of Leap Castle make it a unique destination for those interested in Ireland’s darker past. The castle’s eerie atmosphere attracts visitors seeking a thrilling and chilling experience, and it has been featured on numerous television shows and documentaries about the paranormal. The castle also serves as a reminder of the brutal power struggles that once plagued the Irish nobility and the often-cruel nature of life in medieval Ireland.

16. Lismore Castle (Waterford)

History: Lismore Castle, situated in County Waterford, dates back to the 12th century when it was built by Prince John, who later became King John of England. Over the centuries, it has changed hands multiple times, with notable owners including Sir Walter Raleigh and Richard Boyle, the 1st Earl of Cork. The castle was transformed into a luxurious estate in the 19th century by the 6th Duke of Devonshire, who made extensive renovations and added beautiful gardens to the property.

Features: Lismore Castle is a stunning example of Gothic architecture, with its crenelated towers, pointed arches, and intricate stone carvings. The castles interior boasts elegant rooms, including the magnificent Pugin Banqueting Hall, a library, and several other beautifully furnished spaces. The castle is surrounded by lush gardens, which are split into the Upper and Lower Gardens, featuring a variety of plants, sculptures, and stunning views of the River Blackwater.

Legends: While Lismore Castle is not known for being haunted, it does have a connection to a famous legend. The castle was the home of Robert Boyle, a renowned scientist and philosopher, who is said to have inspired the story of Dr. Faustus. According to the legend, Faustus was a scholar who sold his soul to the devil in exchange for knowledge and power. This tale has been retold in various forms over the centuries, with Christopher Marlowe’s play “Doctor Faustus” being one of the most famous adaptations.

Significance: Lismore Castle holds historical and architectural significance as one of the most beautiful and well-preserved Gothic castles in Ireland. Its connection to notable figures like Sir Walter Raleigh, Richard Boyle, and the Dukes of Devonshire adds to its rich history. The castle’s gardens are also considered some of the finest in Ireland, making it a popular destination for horticulture enthusiasts. Additionally, Lismore Castle’s link to the legend of Dr. Faustus offers a fascinating insight into the literary and cultural history of the area.

17. Athlone Castle (Westmeath)

History: Athlone Castle, situated along the banks of the River Shannon in County Westmeath, Ireland, was built in the 13th century by the Anglo-Norman invaders on the orders of King John. The castle served as a strategic stronghold to defend the crossing point of the river and has played a crucial role in Irish history. In 1690, during the Williamite War in Ireland, Athlone Castle was the site of the famous Siege of Athlone, where the Jacobite forces held off the Williamite army for several days before eventually succumbing.

Features: Athlone Castle is a prominent example of a medieval fortress, with imposing stone walls and sturdy defensive towers. The castle’s keep, also known as King John’s Tower, is its most distinctive feature. Over the centuries, the castle has been modified and updated, with additions such as a gun platform and bastions in the 17th century. Today, the castle houses a state-of-the-art visitor center, showcasing the history of Athlone and its people through interactive exhibitions.

Legends: One legend associated with Athlone Castle revolves around the Siege of Athlone in 1690. According to the tale, a brave sergeant named Custume led a small group of Jacobite soldiers to destroy the castle’s main gate, preventing the Williamite forces from crossing the river. This heroic act allowed the Jacobite defenders to hold off the enemy for several more days. Sergeant Custume’s bravery is still remembered today, with a bridge in Athlone named in his honor.

Significance: Athlone Castle is an important historical site in Ireland, showcasing the rich history of the region and the many battles fought to control this strategic location. The castle is not only a reminder of Ireland’s turbulent past but also a testament to the resilience of the Irish people. The castle’s visitor center provides an engaging experience for tourists and locals alike, allowing them to immerse themselves in the history and stories of Athlone and its people.

18. Enniscorthy Castle (Wexford)

History: Enniscorthy Castle is located in the heart of Enniscorthy, County Wexford, Ireland. It was originally built in the 13th century by the Anglo-Normans and served as a stronghold for the powerful Prendergast family. Throughout its history, the castle changed hands numerous times, including periods under the control of the Irish Confederate forces and the British Crown. In 1798, the castle was a significant site during the Irish Rebellion, when it was occupied by the United Irishmen.

Features: The castle is a classic example of a Norman fortress, with square towers at each corner and a central courtyard. The exterior walls are made of limestone, and the interior features vaulted ceilings and a spiral staircase leading to the rooftop, which offers panoramic views of the town and surrounding countryside. Today, Enniscorthy Castle houses the Wexford County Museum, which showcases local history, art, and archaeology.

Legends: One of the most famous legends surrounding Enniscorthy Castle is the story of the ghostly presence of a young woman named Wilhelmina, who is said to haunt the castle. She was reportedly a member of the Roche family, who owned the castle during the 17th century. According to the legend, Wilhelmina fell in love with a young soldier who was later killed in battle. Heartbroken, she died shortly after, and her spirit is said to wander the castle, still mourning her lost love.

Significance: Enniscorthy Castle is an important historical site in County Wexford, representing the rich and complex history of the region. The castle has played a significant role in Irish history, particularly during the 1798 Rebellion. Today, the castle serves as an important cultural and educational center, housing the Wexford County Museum and providing visitors with an engaging and informative experience of the area’s history, culture, and heritage.

19. Donegal Castle (Donegal)

History: Donegal Castle, also known as O’Donnell Castle, is located in Donegal Town, County Donegal, Ireland. The castle was built in the 15th century by the powerful O’Donnell clan, who ruled the Kingdom of Tyrconnell for centuries. In the 17th century, the castle was captured by the English during the Nine Years’ War, and it subsequently fell into ruin. In the early 20th century, the castle was partially restored by the Irish Office of Public Works, and further restoration work was completed in the 1990s.

Features: Donegal Castle is a unique blend of both Irish and English architectural styles. The original 15th-century tower house, built by the O’Donnells, still stands and features distinctive Irish design elements such as the crenellated parapet and the large, intricately carved fireplace. The adjoining Jacobean-style manor house, built by English Captain Basil Brooke in the 17th century, displays a more English influence, with its elegant mullioned windows and decorative plasterwork. Visitors to the castle can explore the restored rooms, including the Great Hall, which is adorned with 17th-century furnishings and tapestries.

Legends: The O’Donnell clan, who built and inhabited Donegal Castle, was known for their fierce warrior spirit and were regarded as the Kings of Tyrconnell. It is said that the castle’s construction was guided by the clan’s chieftain, Red Hugh O’Donnell, who was a renowned and feared leader in his time. The castle is also believed to be haunted by the ghost of a Spanish soldier, who was part of the Spanish Armada and sought refuge in the castle after his ship was wrecked off the Irish coast.

Significance: Donegal Castle is an important historical and architectural landmark in County Donegal, reflecting the region’s rich and turbulent history. The castle is closely associated with the O’Donnell clan, who played a significant role in Irish history as rulers of the Kingdom of Tyrconnell. Today, the castle is open to the public, allowing visitors to explore the beautifully restored rooms and learn about the fascinating history of the O’Donnells and the broader historical context of the region.

20. Glenveagh Castle (Donegal)

History: Glenveagh Castle is a stunning 19th-century castellated mansion nestled within the sprawling Glenveagh National Park in County Donegal, Ireland. The castle was built between 1870 and 1873 by John George Adair, a wealthy Irish-American businessman, who purchased a large tract of land in Donegal with the intention of creating an idyllic hunting estate. After Adair’s death, the castle and estate changed hands several times, with each owner adding their unique touch to the property. In 1983, the estate was donated to the Irish State and became part of Glenveagh National Park.

Features: Glenveagh Castle is an impressive example of Victorian architecture, designed in the Scottish Baronial style. The castle boasts four round towers, a stunning courtyard, and a granite exterior, making it an imposing sight amidst the rugged Donegal landscape. The interior of the castle is opulently decorated, with lavish furnishings, ornate plasterwork, and exquisite wood carvings. The castle is surrounded by beautifully landscaped gardens, which include a walled garden, a pleasure garden, and the expansive Glenveagh National Park, offering visitors a chance to explore the stunning natural beauty of the area.

Legends: Glenveagh Castle has its share of legends and folklore, including tales of the infamous John George Adair, who is said to have evicted his tenants to create his dream hunting estate. Many of the evicted tenants were forced to emigrate to America, and some locals believe that their spirits still haunt the castle and its grounds. Additionally, there are stories of a mysterious white lady who roams the castle gardens, believed to be the ghost of a woman who drowned in the nearby lake.

Significance: Glenveagh Castle is an important historical and architectural gem in County Donegal, showcasing the grandeur of the Victorian era in Ireland. The castle and its surrounding gardens and parkland offer visitors a glimpse into the lifestyle of the wealthy landowners of the time. As part of Glenveagh National Park, the castle also serves as a gateway to the breathtaking natural beauty of the area, with its rugged mountains, pristine lakes, and diverse flora and fauna. Today, the castle is open to the public, and visitors can enjoy guided tours, exploring the sumptuous rooms and learning about the fascinating history of the estate.

21. Slane Castle (Meath)

History: Slane Castle, situated in the heart of the Boyne Valley in County Meath, Ireland, dates back to the 18th century. The castle was built in 1785 by William Burton Conyngham and designed by the renowned architect James Gandon. Over the centuries, Slane Castle has been home to the Conyngham family, who still own and reside in the castle today. The castle’s rich history includes connections with St. Patrick, as it is said that he lit the Paschal Fire on the nearby Hill of Slane in 433 AD, defying the pagan High King of Tara.

Features: Slane Castle is a prime example of Gothic Revival architecture, with its imposing facade, crenelated towers, and a distinctive Gothic-style great hall. The interior of the castle is equally impressive, with elegant staterooms, intricate plasterwork, and a vast collection of art and antiques. The castle is surrounded by 1,500 acres of lush parkland, featuring walled gardens, woodlands, and a picturesque stretch of the River Boyne.

Legends: Slane Castle has a long history of legends and folklore associated with St. Patrick and the Hill of Slane. It is said that St. Patrick used the Hill of Slane as a vantage point to challenge the pagan High King of Tara by lighting the Paschal Fire, symbolizing the arrival of Christianity in Ireland. According to local legend, the High King was so impressed by St. Patrick’s bravery that he allowed the saint to continue spreading the Christian faith throughout the country.

Significance: Slane Castle holds great historical and cultural significance in Ireland, particularly due to its connections with St. Patrick and the early days of Christianity. The castle has also played host to some of the most iconic names in music, including U2, The Rolling Stones, and David Bowie, as it has been a famous concert venue since the 1980s. Slane Castle now operates as a luxury event venue and offers guided tours, giving visitors the opportunity to explore its rich history, architecture, and unique place in Irish culture.

22. Birr Castle (Offaly)

History: Birr Castle, located in County Offaly, Ireland, has a history dating back to the early 17th century. The castle was originally built by Sir Laurence Parsons in 1620, and his descendants, the Parsons family, still own and reside in the castle today. The castle has been renovated and extended several times over the centuries, reflecting the various architectural styles of those periods. Birr Castle is perhaps best known for its connection to science and astronomy, as the 3rd Earl of Rosse, William Parsons, built the “Leviathan of Parsonstown,” the world’s largest telescope, on the castle grounds in the 1840s.

Features: Birr Castle is an impressive example of Irish castle architecture, with a mix of architectural styles, including Gothic and Georgian influences. The castle’s interior boasts beautiful staterooms, a library, and a grand staircase, while the exterior is surrounded by extensive gardens and parklands. The castle grounds are home to the historic Great Telescope, which was the largest in the world for over 70 years and is still functional today. The grounds also feature the award-winning Science Centre, showcasing the history of astronomy, photography, and engineering at Birr.

Legends: While there are no specific legends associated with Birr Castle itself, the castle and its grounds have long been a source of fascination and inspiration due to their connection with scientific discoveries and innovation. The Great Telescope, in particular, has been a symbol of human ingenuity and the pursuit of knowledge for generations.

Significance: Birr Castle holds an important place in the history of science and innovation in Ireland and worldwide. The Great Telescope and the discoveries made by the 3rd Earl of Rosse and his family have contributed significantly to our understanding of the cosmos. Today, the castle and its grounds are open to the public, offering a unique opportunity to explore the rich history of the castle, its beautiful gardens, and its lasting scientific legacy.

23. Dunguaire Castle (Galway)

History: Dunguaire Castle, situated on the southeastern shore of Galway Bay, was built in the early 16th century by the Hynes clan. The castle changed hands several times throughout its history, with notable owners including the O’Shaughnessy and Martyn families. Today, it is considered one of the most famous and well-preserved castles in Ireland.

Features: The castle boasts a 75-foot-tall tower house with defensive walls and a small inner courtyard. Its architecture is typical of the Irish tower houses from the period. The castle has been restored over the years, maintaining its historical charm while providing modern amenities for visitors.

Legends: One of the legends surrounding Dunguaire Castle involves the Irish poet W.B. Yeats, who is said to have spent time at the castle during the early 20th century. It is believed that the castle’s mystical atmosphere inspired some of his works. Additionally, some tales tell of the castle being haunted by spirits from its past, including the ghost of a woman who died there under tragic circumstances.

Significance: Dunguaire Castle holds a significant place in Irish history and culture. It served as an important stronghold during its time and has been associated with several influential Irish families. The castle’s picturesque location overlooking Galway Bay and its association with Irish literature and folklore make it an enduring symbol of Ireland’s rich cultural heritage.

24. Rock of Dunamase (Laois)

History: The Rock of Dunamase, located in County Laois, is an ancient fortress with a history dating back to the 9th century. The fortress was initially built by the Vikings and later came under the control of the O’Moore clan. In the 12th century, it was given to Strongbow, an Anglo-Norman nobleman, as a dowry when he married the daughter of the King of Leinster. The castle was eventually abandoned and fell into ruin by the 14th century.

Features: The ruins of the Rock of Dunamase stand on a rocky outcrop, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding countryside. The fortress was once surrounded by a curtain wall, and the remains of the gatehouse, barbican, and the main hall can still be seen today. The site’s strategic location and natural defenses made it an important stronghold in its time.

Legends: The Rock of Dunamase is steeped in legend and folklore. One such story tells of the treasure hidden by the O’Moore clan within the castle’s walls, which has yet to be discovered. Another tale involves a fairy enchantress who placed a curse on the castle, causing its abandonment and eventual decay.

Significance: The Rock of Dunamase is a remarkable historical site that bears witness to Ireland’s tumultuous past. It has a rich heritage, having been occupied by various factions throughout its history. Today, the ruins serve as a testament to the architectural prowess of its builders and offer visitors a fascinating glimpse into Ireland’s medieval history.

25. Classiebawn Castle (Sligo)

History: Classiebawn Castle, situated in County Sligo, is a Victorian-era country house built between 1871 and 1874 for the third Viscount Palmerston, a British statesman. After his death, the estate was inherited by the Mount Temple family, who owned it until the early 20th century. The castle was later purchased by Lord Mountbatten, a British naval officer and statesman, who used it as a summer residence until his assassination by the IRA in 1979. The estate is now privately owned.

Features: Classiebawn Castle is an imposing structure, with its distinctive Scottish Baronial architectural style. It features a tall central tower, turrets, and ornate stonework. The estate spans over 10,000 acres and includes beautifully landscaped gardens, woodlands, and breathtaking views of the Atlantic Ocean and Ben Bulben mountain. The castle is not open to the public, but visitors can admire its exterior and the surrounding landscape.

Legends: While there are no specific legends associated with Classiebawn Castle, its history is intertwined with that of the influential figures who once resided within its walls, such as Lord Palmerston and Lord Mountbatten. The castle’s connection to Lord Mountbatten has drawn interest from history enthusiasts and those interested in the turbulent period of Anglo-Irish relations.

Significance: Classiebawn Castle is a symbol of the grandeur and opulence of the Victorian era, showcasing the architectural style and craftsmanship of the time. The castle’s association with prominent historical figures, particularly Lord Mountbatten, adds to its significance as a site of interest in Ireland’s history.

26. Knappogue Castle (Clare)

Knappogue Castle, located in County Clare, was built in 1467 by Sean MacNamara, a prominent Irish chieftain. The castle passed through various hands over the centuries, including the O’Brien and Scott families. In 1966, it was purchased by the Andrews family, who undertook an extensive restoration project. Today, the castle is owned by the Irish government and managed by Shannon Heritage.

Features: Knappogue Castle is a well-preserved example of a medieval tower house, with its rectangular structure and a fortified courtyard. The castle’s exterior boasts impressive stonework and battlements, while the interior is adorned with elegant furnishings and period decor. Visitors can explore the castle’s walled garden, which features a beautiful array of flowers and plants, as well as a charming rose garden.

Legends: One of the legends associated with Knappogue Castle is that of the “MacNamara Banshee.” The MacNamara family, original builders of the castle, were said to have a banshee who would appear and wail when a family member was about to die. This mysterious figure is said to continue haunting the castle to this day.

Significance: Knappogue Castle serves as an important example of medieval Irish architecture, showcasing the craftsmanship and defensive structures of the period. The castle also holds historical significance due to its connection to various influential Irish families and its continued preservation as a heritage site.

27. Doe Castle (Donegal)

History: Doe Castle, situated on the picturesque Sheephaven Bay in County Donegal, dates back to the 15th century. The castle was constructed by the MacSweeney clan and served as their stronghold for several centuries. Throughout its history, the castle has witnessed numerous battles and changes of ownership. In the 17th century, it was captured by English forces during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland. After changing hands multiple times, the castle is now under the care of the Office of Public Works.

Features: Doe Castle is a prime example of an Irish tower house, featuring a fortified rectangular keep surrounded by a protective curtain wall. The castle’s unique location on a small peninsula adds to its natural defenses, as it is almost completely surrounded by water. The castle’s outer walls and towers remain largely intact, allowing visitors to appreciate its imposing presence.

Legends: There are several legends associated with Doe Castle, including stories of hidden treasures and secret tunnels. One local tale tells of a secret tunnel that connected the castle to nearby Kildarragh, allowing the castle’s occupants to escape unseen during times of danger.

Significance: Doe Castle holds great historical significance as a stronghold of the MacSweeney clan, who played an essential role in the political landscape of the region. The castle’s impressive architecture and strategic location demonstrate the importance of defensive structures during the medieval period in Ireland. Today, the castle serves as a fascinating heritage site, allowing visitors to explore its storied past.

28. Dunlough Castle (Cork)

History: Dunlough Castle, also known as Three Castles Head, is a 13th-century castle located on the remote Mizen Peninsula in County Cork. The castle was built by the O’Mahony clan, a prominent Gaelic family in the region. The castle’s remote location and harsh weather conditions led to its eventual abandonment in the 17th century. Today, it stands as a testament to Ireland’s rich medieval history.

Features: Dunlough Castle consists of three fortified towers connected by a curtain wall, which is why it’s often referred to as Three Castles Head. The castle’s rugged stone architecture and the dramatic cliffside location overlooking the Atlantic Ocean make it an awe-inspiring sight. The castle’s remote setting and lack of modern development have allowed it to retain much of its original character and atmosphere.

Legends: Local legends and stories surround Dunlough Castle, including tales of smugglers and pirates using the isolated location as a hideout. It is said that in the 17th century, the notorious pirate queen Anne Bonny was born nearby, and the castle’s remote cliffs provided an ideal vantage point for observing passing ships.

Significance: Dunlough Castle is a significant example of medieval Irish architecture and the power dynamics of the time. Its remote location and haunting beauty make it a popular destination for historians, photographers, and visitors seeking a glimpse into Ireland’s past. The castle also offers a fascinating look at the challenges faced by the inhabitants of the region during the medieval period.

29. McDermott’s Castle (Roscommon)

History: McDermott’s Castle, located on Castle Island in Lough Key, County Roscommon, was built in the 12th century by the McDermott Clan. The castle was later captured and destroyed by the English in the 17th century during the Cromwellian conquest.

Features: The ruins of the castle can be viewed from the shore of Lough Key, and boat trips to the island are available during the summer months. The surrounding Lough Key Forest Park offers beautiful walking trails and outdoor activities.

Legends: One of the legends associated with the castle tells of a beautiful princess named Una, who was cursed by an evil sorceress to sleep within the castle until her true love could awaken her with a kiss.

Significance: McDermott’s Castle is a historically significant site in County Roscommon, offering a unique insight into the region’s past and the power struggles between the Gaelic nobility and the English.

30. Cloughoughter Castle (Cavan)

History: Cloughoughter Castle is a 13th-century circular tower located on a small island in Lough Oughter, County Cavan. Built by the Anglo-Norman William Gorm de Lacy, the castle later became a stronghold for the O’Reilly clan, a prominent Irish family in the region. Over the centuries, the castle changed hands multiple times, witnessing battles and sieges. In the 17th century, during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland, Cloughoughter Castle was heavily damaged and subsequently abandoned.

Features: The castle’s unique circular design and its location on a small island make it a striking and picturesque site. Surrounded by the tranquil waters of Lough Oughter, the castle is accessible only by boat. The tower’s thick walls and narrow windows provided protection and security for its inhabitants during turbulent times. The castle’s ruins still stand today, offering a glimpse into its storied past.

Legends: One local legend claims that a chieftain’s daughter fell in love with a young man from a rival clan. Forbidden to marry, the couple fled to Cloughoughter Castle for refuge. However, their love was doomed, as the chieftain’s forces attacked and recaptured the castle, killing the young lovers in the process. It is said that their spirits still haunt the castle, wandering the island and the surrounding waters.

Significance: Cloughoughter Castle holds historical significance as an example of Anglo-Norman architecture and the power struggles that characterized medieval Ireland. The castle’s isolated location and serene surroundings make it a popular destination for visitors interested in history, nature, and photography. The site is also an important habitat for a wide variety of bird species, attracting birdwatchers and wildlife enthusiasts.

Guided Tour: A guided tour of Cloughoughter Castle offers an engaging and informative experience, exploring the castle’s history, architecture, and legends. Knowledgeable tour guides lead visitors on a boat trip to the island, sharing stories of the castle’s past and the turbulent times it witnessed. The tour also highlights the natural beauty of Lough Oughter and the surrounding landscape, showcasing the rich biodiversity of the area.

31. Adare Castle (Limerick)

History: Adare Castle, also known as Desmond Castle or Adare Manor, is a historic castle situated in the picturesque village of Adare in County Limerick, Ireland. The original structure dates back to the 13th century and was built by the Kildare branch of the Fitzgerald family, the Earls of Desmond. Over the years, the castle underwent several reconstructions and expansions. In the 19th century, the castle was transformed into Adare Manor, a grand Gothic Revival mansion by the 2nd Earl of Dunraven.

Features: Adare Castle boasts a mix of architectural styles due to its various periods of construction. The original castle remains are visible, with the 13th-century tower house and parts of the defensive walls still standing. Adare Manor, the Gothic Revival mansion, features stunning craftsmanship, including ornate stonework, wood carvings, and stained-glass windows. The surrounding parkland and gardens add to the estate’s charm and beauty.

Legends: Local legends attribute the castle’s creation to a love story. It is said that the Earl of Desmond fell in love with a beautiful woman named Máire Rua. The Earl built Adare Castle to win her heart and make her his wife. The couple lived happily in the castle, and their descendants continued to reside there for generations.

Significance: Adare Castle represents the rich history of Ireland’s noble families and showcases a unique blend of architectural styles spanning centuries. Today, Adare Manor has been converted into a luxury hotel and golf resort, offering visitors a taste of the opulence and grandeur of the past. The castle’s picturesque location in the charming village of Adare makes it a popular destination for tourists seeking a blend of history, natural beauty, and modern luxury.

32. Minard Castle (Kerry)

History: Minard Castle, located on the Dingle Peninsula in County Kerry, was built in the 16th century by the FitzGerald Clan. The castle was destroyed by the English during the Cromwellian conquest and has remained in ruins ever since.

Features: The castle is set on a dramatic cliff overlooking the Atlantic Ocean, with stunning views of the surrounding landscape. The nearby Minard Beach is a popular spot for swimming and picnicking.

Legends: It is said that the ghost of a FitzGerald chieftain, who was killed defending the castle from English invaders, still wanders the ruins, seeking revenge for his untimely death.

Significance: Minard Castle is a historically significant site in County Kerry, offering a unique insight into the region’s turbulent past and the impact of the English conquest on the Gaelic nobility.

33. Doonagore Castle (Clare)

History: Doonagore Castle, located in County Clare, is a 16th-century tower house built by the O’Brien Clan. The castle was restored in the 1970s and is now a private residence.

Features: The castle is perched on a hill overlooking the village of Doolin and the Atlantic Ocean, offering stunning views of the Cliffs of Moher and the Aran Islands. The castle is not open to the public but can be viewed from the outside.

Legends: According to local lore, a shipwrecked crew from the Spanish Armada sought refuge at the castle but were captured and hanged by the castle’s owner.

Significance: Doonagore Castle is a well-preserved example of a 16th-century tower house and serves as a landmark for the picturesque village of Doolin and its surrounding coastal landscape.

34. Kinbane Castle (Antrim)

History: Kinbane Castle, situated on a rocky headland in County Antrim, Northern Ireland, was built in the 16th century by Colla MacDonnell, a chieftain of the MacDonnell Clan. The castle was destroyed and rebuilt several times during its history due to conflicts with the English.

Features: The castle’s ruins offer stunning views of the surrounding coastline, including Rathlin Island and the Scottish Isles in the distance. A narrow path leads visitors down the cliffside to the castle, making for a dramatic approach.

Legends: Some say that the ghost of Colla MacDonnell still roams the ruins of Kinbane Castle, protecting the land from any would-be invaders.

Significance: Kinbane Castle is an important historical site in County Antrim, showcasing the region’s medieval history and the power struggles between the Gaelic nobility and the English.

35. Blackrock Castle (Cork)

History: Blackrock Castle, located on the banks of the River Lee in County Cork, was originally built in the 16th century as a coastal defense fortification. The castle was destroyed and rebuilt several times throughout its history, most recently being restored in the 19th century.

Features: The castle now houses an interactive astronomy center and observatory, offering visitors a unique combination of history and science. The castle’s tower provides panoramic views of the River Lee and the surrounding area.

Legends: Local folklore tells of a mermaid who once lived in a cave beneath the castle, granting wishes to those who could capture her.

Significance: Blackrock Castle is a unique site in County Cork, blending historical significance with modern science and education.

36. Kilkenny Castle (Kilkenny)

History: Kilkenny Castle, located in the heart of Kilkenny city, was built in the early 13th century by the Anglo-Norman magnate, William Marshal. Over the centuries, the castle has been home to some of Ireland’s most prominent families, such as the Butlers of Ormonde. Kilkenny Castle played a significant role in Irish history, particularly during the Confederate Wars and the Williamite War in the 17th century. In 1967, the 6th Marquess of Ormonde gifted the castle to the people of Kilkenny, and it has since become a popular tourist destination.

Features: Kilkenny Castle features a unique blend of architectural styles, including Norman, Gothic, and Victorian. The castle has been extensively restored and refurbished throughout its history, with various additions and renovations reflecting the changing tastes of its inhabitants. The castle’s most notable features include its stunning Picture Gallery, adorned with 17th-century tapestries and paintings, the ornate State Rooms, and the impressive Long Gallery. The castle is also surrounded by picturesque parklands and gardens, which offer a serene setting for leisurely walks and picnics.

Legends: While Kilkenny Castle does not have specific legends attached to it, the city of Kilkenny is steeped in history and folklore. One of the more famous legends in the area involves Dame Alice Kyteler, a wealthy 14th-century businesswoman who was accused of witchcraft. Kyteler managed to flee the country, but her servant, Petronilla de Meath, was not so fortunate and became the first person in Ireland to be executed for witchcraft.

Significance: Kilkenny Castle is an important symbol of Ireland’s rich historical past and the country’s architectural heritage. The castle has borne witness to numerous critical events in Irish history, and its magnificent interiors and artworks provide insight into the lifestyle of Ireland’s nobility throughout the centuries. Today, Kilkenny Castle is not only a popular tourist attraction but also a vibrant cultural center, hosting various art exhibitions, concerts, and events throughout the year.

37. Lough Eske Castle (Donegal)

History: Lough Eske Castle, situated in County Donegal, dates back to the 15th century and was originally the stronghold of the O’Donnell Clan. The castle has been extensively renovated and now operates as a luxury hotel.

Features: The castle is set on a picturesque lakeside estate, offering stunning views of Lough Eske and the surrounding woodland. The hotel features beautifully restored historical interiors, providing a luxurious experience for guests.

Legends: Some say that the spirits of the O’Donnell chieftains who once ruled the castle still roam the grounds, ensuring the continued prosperity of their ancestral home.

Significance: Lough Eske Castle is an important historical site in County Donegal, offering visitors the opportunity to experience the grandeur of the Gaelic nobility firsthand.

38. Glin Castle (Limerick)

History: Glin Castle, located in County Limerick, was the ancestral home of the FitzGerald family, hereditary Knights of Glin. The current castle was built in the 18th century, replacing an earlier medieval structure.

Features: The castle is situated on a picturesque estate overlooking the Shannon Estuary. Its interiors are adorned with historically significant artwork and furnishings, offering visitors a glimpse into the lives of Irish nobility.

Legends: Local legends claim that a secret tunnel exists beneath Glin Castle, connecting it to the nearby town of Glin.

Significance: Glin Castle is an important historical site in County Limerick, showcasing the architectural and cultural heritage of the FitzGerald family and the region.

39. Dromoland Castle (Clare)

History: Dromoland Castle is a magnificent castle situated in County Clare, Ireland. The castle’s history dates back to the 16th century when it was the ancestral home of the O’Brien family, who were direct descendants of the High King of Ireland, Brian Boru. Over the centuries, the castle changed hands several times and underwent significant renovations. In the 1960s, it was transformed into a luxury hotel, preserving its historic charm while providing modern amenities.

Features: Dromoland Castle showcases impressive architectural features, including a combination of Gothic Revival and Queen Anne styles. The exterior boasts magnificent stonework, large bay windows, and ornate battlements. The interior features sumptuous furnishings, elegant wood paneling, and intricate plasterwork. The castle is surrounded by 450 acres of lush parkland, offering picturesque views of the Irish countryside.

Legends: Local legends say that the spirits of the O’Brien family still roam the castle’s halls. Guests and staff have reported hearing mysterious footsteps and experiencing other unexplained phenomena, such as doors closing on their own. These tales have only added to the allure of Dromoland Castle, making it a popular destination for visitors interested in history and the supernatural.

Significance: Dromoland Castle is an essential piece of Irish history, representing the power and influence of the O’Brien family and their connection to the High King of Ireland. Today, the castle serves as a luxury hotel , offering guests a unique opportunity to experience the grandeur and elegance of a bygone era. Its beautiful setting and rich history make it a popular destination for weddings, conferences, and special events.

Guided Tour: Guided tours of Dromoland Castle provide visitors with an in-depth look at the castle’s history, architecture, and legends. Knowledgeable guides lead guests through the castle’s stately rooms, sharing stories about the O’Brien family and the transformation of the castle into a luxury hotel. Visitors can also explore the castle’s extensive grounds, which include manicured gardens, a tranquil lake, and an 18-hole golf course.

Accommodation at Dromoland Castle offers guests a luxurious and comfortable stay , featuring 97 elegantly designed rooms and suites that blend historic charm with modern amenities. From stately castle rooms to the exclusive Presidential Suite, there is an option to suit every traveler’s needs. Guests can enjoy a range of amenities, including plush bedding, Wi-Fi, and spectacular views of the castle grounds and surrounding countryside.

40. Ballynahinch Castle (Galway)

History : Ballynahinch Castle, nestled in the heart of Connemara, County Galway, has a rich and storied history dating back to the 18th century. The castle was originally built as a hunting lodge for the O’Flaherty clan and was later occupied by the Martin family, who were considered “Kings of Connemara.” In the 20th century, the castle was purchased by the renowned Irish poet and playwright Oliver St. John Gogarty before finally being transformed into a luxury hotel in the 1940s.

Features: Set on a 700-acre estate with beautiful woodland, rivers, and lakes, Ballynahinch Castle boasts stunning views of the surrounding countryside and the Twelve Bens mountain range. The castle offers a mix of traditional and contemporary architecture, with original features such as exposed stone walls and open fireplaces. The estate also features outdoor activities such as fishing, clay shooting, and walking trails.

Legends : One of the most famous legends associated with Ballynahinch Castle is the ghost of Grace O’Malley, the Pirate Queen of Connacht, who was married to Donal O’Flaherty, the original owner of the estate. It is said that her spirit still roams the castle’s corridors and can occasionally be spotted near the river bank.

Significance: Ballynahinch Castle is an important historic and cultural landmark in the region, showcasing the fascinating history of the Connemara area. Its stunning location and luxury amenities make it an ideal destination for visitors looking to explore the beauty of the Irish countryside while enjoying a touch of elegance and comfort.

41. Bective Abbey (Meath)

History: Bective Abbey, located in County Meath, was founded in 1147 as a Cistercian monastery. The abbey was dissolved in the 16th century during the Dissolution of the Monasteries by Henry VIII.

Features: The ruins of Bective Abbey are open to the public, offering visitors a glimpse into Ireland’s monastic past. The site includes the remains of a church, cloister, and several other monastic buildings.

Legends: There are no specific legends associated with Bective Abbey, but the site’s long history and connection to Ireland’s religious past create a sense of mystery and intrigue.

Significance: Bective Abbey is significant for its role in Ireland’s religious history and as an example of Cistercian architecture.

42. Ballysaggartmore Towers (Waterford)

History: Ballysaggartmore Towers are located in County Waterford, Ireland. These Gothic-style follies were constructed in the 19th century by Arthur Keily-Ussher, a wealthy local landlord, as part of his grandiose vision for a vast estate. Unfortunately, due to financial issues, the main house was never built, and the towers now stand as a testament to the ambitions and extravagance of the time.

Features: The Ballysaggartmore Towers consist of two distinctive structures: the Gate Lodge and the Bridge Lodge. Both lodges showcase impressive Gothic architecture, featuring pointed arches, intricate carvings, and crenelated parapets. The Gate Lodge marks the entrance to the estate, while the Bridge Lodge spans a small river, creating a picturesque scene. The towers are set amidst a vast woodland area, offering a serene and tranquil setting.

Legends: Local legends surrounding Ballysaggartmore Towers often focus on the eccentricities of the estate’s owner, Arthur Keily-Ussher, and his extravagant plans for the estate. Some stories even suggest that the towers were cursed due to the suffering of the local tenants during the construction.

Significance: Ballysaggartmore Towers hold historical significance as an example of 19th-century Gothic Revival architecture and as a symbol of the aspirations and excesses of the Irish gentry during this period. Today, the towers and their surrounding grounds are open to the public as part of Ballysaggartmore Demesne, offering visitors a chance to experience a unique piece of Irish history and enjoy the beauty of the woodland landscape.

43. Castle Leslie (Monaghan)

History: Castle Leslie is a stunning estate located in County Monaghan, Ireland. The castle’s history dates back to the 1660s when it was granted to the Leslie family by King Charles II. Over the years, the estate has seen several changes and expansions, with each generation of the Leslie family contributing to its development. Today, Castle Leslie remains in the hands of the family and operates as a luxury hotel, providing guests with a unique and authentic Irish experience.

Features: Castle Leslie is an exquisite example of Scottish Baronial architecture, showcasing a blend of Victorian and Gothic styles. The exterior features striking stone walls, imposing turrets, and ornate carvings. The interior is richly decorated with period furniture, lavish textiles, and exquisite artwork. The estate spans over 1,000 acres of the lush Irish countryside, including woodlands, gardens, and lakes.

Legends: Castle Leslie is said to be home to a few friendly ghosts, including the spirit of Norman Leslie, a World War I hero whose portrait hangs in the castle. Guests and staff have reported sightings of ghostly figures, adding a sense of mystery and intrigue to the estate’s already rich history.

Significance: Castle Leslie holds a significant place in Irish history due to its long-standing connection with the Leslie family, who have played a crucial role in the region’s cultural and political development. Today, the castle serves as a luxury hotel and event venue, allowing guests to immerse themselves in Ireland’s past while enjoying modern comforts and amenities.

Accommodation: Castle Leslie offers guests a luxurious and unique stay, featuring a variety of beautifully appointed rooms and suites that blend historic charm with contemporary amenities. Guests can choose from elegant castle rooms, charming lodge rooms, or the exclusive Old Stable Mews for a more private experience. The estate provides a range of amenities, such as Wi-Fi, gourmet dining options, and various outdoor activities, including horseback riding and fishing.

44. Kilkishen Castle (Clare)

History: Kilkishen Castle, located in County Clare, was built in the early 19th century by the Vandeleur family, who were prominent landlords in the region.

Features: The castle is now in ruins, but the remains of the structure offer a glimpse into the architectural style and grandeur of the past. The surrounding grounds provide an opportunity for visitors to explore the area’s natural beauty.

Legends: There are no specific legends associated with Kilkishen Castle, but the site’s history and connection to the Vandeleur family add to its intrigue.

Significance: Kilkishen Castle is significant for its connection to the Vandeleur family and its role in showcasing the architectural heritage of County Clare.

45. Ballinalacken Castle (Clare)

History: Ballinalacken Castle, located in County Clare, was originally built in the 15th century by the O’Brien family, descendants of the High King of Ireland, Brian Boru.

Features: The castle is now a boutique hotel, offering guests the opportunity to stay in a historic and unique setting. The surrounding landscape, with views of the Cliffs of Moher and the Aran Islands, adds to the charm of the location.

Legends: There are no specific legends associated with Ballinalacken Castle, but its connection to the O’Brien family and the High King of Ireland lends a sense of historical importance.

Significance: Ballinalacken Castle is significant for its connection to the O’Brien family and its role in preserving the history and cultural heritage of County Clare.

46. Aughnanure Castle (Galway)

History: Aughnanure Castle, located in County Galway, was built in the 16th century by the O’Flaherty family, powerful Irish chieftains of the region.

Features: The castle is now managed by the Office of Public Works and is open to the public. Visitors can explore the well-preserved tower house, as well as the surrounding grounds, which include a bawn, a watchtower, and a mill.

Legends: There are no specific legends associated with Aughnanure Castle, but its history as the stronghold of the O’Flaherty chieftains adds to its intrigue.

Significance: Aughnanure Castle is significant for its connection to the O’Flaherty family and its role in showcasing the architectural heritage and history of County Galway.

47. Castle Ward (Down)

History: Castle Ward, located in County Down, Northern Ireland, was built in the 18th century by the Ward family. The castle is unique for its dual architectural styles, reflecting the differing tastes of the husband and wife who commissioned its construction.

Features: Castle Ward is now managed by the National Trust and is open to the public. The estate includes extensive gardens, walking trails, and even a small farm.

Legends: There are no specific legends associated with Castle Ward, but the unique architecture and history of the site create an air of mystery and fascination.

Significance: Castle Ward is significant for its unique architectural design and its role in preserving the history and cultural heritage of County Down.

Importance of Castles in Irish History and Culture

Castles played a crucial role in the history of Ireland, serving as both defensive fortresses and symbols of power and wealth for their occupants. These structures also played a significant part in Irish culture, often serving as centers for the arts, learning, and socializing. Many castles have been passed down through generations, with some families maintaining their ancestral homes for centuries.

Ireland is a treasure trove of castles, each with its own unique charm, history, and legends. With thousands of castles scattered throughout the country, it is nearly impossible to rank them or declare any one of them the best. However, the 47 castles featured in this article are truly remarkable and significant for various reasons. They showcase the rich history, breathtaking landscapes, and fascinating stories that make Ireland a must-visit destination for any traveler. So whether you’re a history buff, a nature enthusiast, or just someone looking to explore the enchanting beauty of Ireland, these castles offer a captivating glimpse into the past and the indomitable spirit of the Emerald Isle.

Our Wanders

6 Dramatic Ruins To Visit In Ireland & Northern Ireland

Ireland is famous for ruins. Abandoned, romantic ruins that look like they are stolen from a storybook and took you back in time… centuries ago. We show you 6 astonishing ruins that we found on our road trip around Ireland and Northern Ireland the past year.

Because Ireland is that country where you can often spot ruins when driving on country roads. And where those abandoned ruins have such a romantic, mysterious atmosphere. But being abandoned also means that they’re free to visit, and they don’t have opening hours – with one famous exception. So let’s see the best ones we’ve found.

Rock of Cashel / St. Patrick’s Rock, County Tipperary, Ireland

So that famous exception is the Rock of Cashel, also called St. Patrick’s Rock, a spectacular group of medieval ruins from the 12 th and 13 th centuries , sitting on top of limestone rocks above the town of Cashel. It’s the site of legends – like the legend that tells how St. Patrick banished Satan from a cave which resulted the rock’s landing in Cashel. It’s the site of kings, as well, since it was the seat of the kings of Munster for several hundred years. Then it was donated to the Church.

Today it’s one of the most remarkable and picturesque pieces of medieval architecture in Europe. While anyone can take a look at the Rock of Cashel, the complex is walled, and there’s an entrance fee if you’d like to take a closer look. It’s absolutely worth though. We were amazed by the ruins of the Gothic Cathedral, the Romanesque Chapel, the 15 th century castle and the old graveyard.

It’s a heaven for photographers, too. We liked the roofless cathedral the most. And our favorite picture of the whole complex was taken from behind as we walked to the nearby ruins of HoreAbbey…

Ruins of HoreAbbey, County Tipperary, Ireland

This is a ruined Cistercian monastery near the Rock of Cashel. It’s really very close which means like 15-20 minutes of walking. We could get fabulous views and took great pictures of the Rock of Cashel and HoreAbbey at almost any point during this walk. While the famous Rock of Cashel has opening hours and entrance fee, HoreAbbey is abandoned – and magical! We found it just as amazing as the Rock of Cashel, and it’s absolutely worth an extra hour to visit it, if you visit the Rock of Cashel, anyway.

Ruins of Ballinskelligs Castle, County Kerry, Ireland

One of our favorite stops on the Ring of Kerry scenic drive is Ballinskelligs Castle. The abandoned tower house from the 16 th century might not be such a spectacular site if its surroundings weren’t so pretty. But they are!

The ruins tower above wonderful, turquoise Ballinskelligs Bay on the Iveragh Peninsula. Visiting in spring we found countless pink wildflowers on the sea cliffs around the castle. It’s also known as McCarthy Mór Castle and was built to protect the bay from pirates, and also to charge a tariff on incoming trade ships.

If you drive the Ring of Kerry and are in search of more ruins, take a short detour to Staigue Stone Fort, as well. It’s a ruined stone ringfort built in the late Iron Age. While we found it less picturesque than Ballinskelligs Castle, it’s much older. It whispers stories from thousands of years prior to our time, if you have the ears to hear them. 🙂

Ruins of Clifden Castle, County Galway, Ireland

We finished our coastal drive from Galway to Clifden at Clifden Castle – which turned out to be one of our favorite stops. Imagine herds of grazing cattle and sheep, and a ruined manor house in the middle of the lush green farmlands overlooking Clifden Bay.

This manor house is known as Clifden Castle and was built in the 19 th century in Neo-Gothic style. It became uninhabited after a while though and fell into disrepair. Surprisingly, it gives an even more mysterious, unique vibe to it. In our opinion, at least.

How to find it? It’s west of the town of Clifden. There’s a large medieval gateway that we walked through, then continued on the winding path in the farmlands that ended at the ruins. It’s about 20 minutes walk one-way.

Mussenden Temple, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland

Another favorite ruin from another pretty scenic drive: from Northern Ireland’s Causeway Coast this time. Mussenden Temple is a small circular building originally built as a library. It towers above Downhill Beach and the Atlantic Ocean near the town of Castlerock. We guess it’s a library with the best coastal views ever. As time passes, coastal erosion brings it closer and closer to the edge though.

Downhill Castle, a ruined manor house is a short walk from the temple. Both are open to the public all year, however, Mussenden Temple is only open at certain times of the day.

How to get there? We parked our car in Castlerock and walked to Mussenden Temple on winding coastal trails. It was half an hour walk one-way. Coastal views on the way and from the temple are wonderful!

Ruins of Kinbane Castle, County Antrim, Northern Ireland

Our favorite ruined castle in Northern Ireland is also on the Causeway Coastal Route: Kinbane Castle. About halfway between Ballintoy and Ballycastle, this impressive ruin stands on a narrow headland made of white limestone.

A series of stairs led us down to the castle from the parking lot. Harsh wind and large waves surrounded us as we walked on the headland which is truly very narrow at places. It was also muddy and slippery when we visited. Not much remained of the castle, but it’s not just the ruins themselves that are special, rather the whole scene: the lush greenery, the limestone cliffs, the wild and magnificent Atlantic Ocean. Probably that’s the charm of Irish ruins, anyway: being located in such a typical, captivating Irish landscape.

Do you like exploring ruins? Where are your favorites?

Which are the best lesser-known hikes in North America?

Sign up to get your free e-book and join the community:, by beata urmos.

Bea is a travel writer and the co-founder of Our Wanders, an adventurous family travel blog. She’s been traveling for more than 10 years, seeking outdoor adventures, fairy tale castles and unique experiences. She's passionate about sharing all she has learned along the way, and she's an expert in planning trips of any length. She’d love to help you plan your own amazing trip, too.

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Ancient Ireland – 30 sacred places

Ancient Ireland is a land filled with myths, memories, legends, tales of giants and fairies , butter witches, saints and sacred places. When travelling through Ireland you will come across many places that somehow speak to you of other times and ancient Irish history. Pagan sites in Ireland can be found all over the country along with sites that may have been featured in Druidic rituals.

The Roman’s ancient name for Ireland was Hibernia, other names were Ierne, Iouernia and (H)iberio. All these are adaptations of a stem from which Erin and Eire are also derived.

In 1937 the state’s name officially became Ireland in the English language and Éire in the Irish language. The name came from the three sister goddesses who ruled Ireland back before time began.

Éiriú was chosen by the Bard of Armagh whose name was given to the whole of the Island but her sisters Fola’s name would refer to literary Ireland, and Banba would be associated with poetic Ireland. Sometimes the name of the goddess was spelt Éirinn or Erin.

Who founded Ireland?        

What does druid mean, pre-christian sacred places in ireland, 30 sacred places – ancient ireland, mountsandel, the giant’s ring, ossian’s grave – lubitavish court tomb, boa island – caldragh cemetery, ley lines of ireland, the hill of uisneach  , the hill of tara,  the hawthorn wishing tree, fertility stone, beltany stone circle, an grianan fort, carrowmore, moytura, kesh & heapstown cairns  , knocknarea mountain  , the grange stone circle, drombeg stone circles, labbacallee wedge tomb, ogham stones, stone circles – beara way, the hag of beara, stone circles, staigue ring fort, loch a’-dúin valley, dunbeg ring fort, dún aonghasa, athgreany stone circle, glebe stone circles.

The origins of the Irish race and the people of Ireland who lived in prehistoric times dates back to around 10,500 BC which is the Paleolithic period. Bear bones found in County Clare have been dated back to 10,500 BC and the bones bore the cutting marks made by the first humans in Ireland.

Ancient Ireland’s Mesolithic period was from 8000 to 4500 BC and it was originally believed that these people had come from Scotland. But obviously, now earlier finds have indicated that people were already in Ireland.

During this period of time in Ireland, the people were hunters and fishers and sustained themselves with the collecting of fruits, berries and nuts.

It was during Ancient Ireland’s Neolithic age that farming was brought to Ireland by new arrivals in canoes and animal-skin covered boats. They brought with them animals such as cattle, sheep and goats along with their knowledge of pottery, basket weaving and carving. 

Tools became more refined around this time and porcellanite which is harder than flint was made into polished axes. This stone was mined near Cushendall on the Causeway Coast and Rathlin Island , over 18000 of these axes have been found in Ireland.

Discoveries of agricultural groups and wooden houses have been found in County Tyrone, Limerick and the base of the Inishowen peninsula in Donegal .  The Ceide Fields in Mayo that have been designated a World Heritage site by  Unesco gave clues to how these communities were laid out along with monuments to the dead.

60 Best Northern Ireland tourist attractions

Found all over the country are Neolithic burial sites, dolmens and passage tombs. There are standing stones and complex burial chambers found everywhere in Ireland. These sites include the Passage Tomb of Newgrange,  Maeve’s Cairn on the summit of Knocknarea Mountain in Sligo and the Poulnabrone Dolmen Megalithic Tomb.

The Bronze Age in ancient Ireland brought the working of metal to the people and evidence suggests that it was copper that was used. The Irish people made copper axe heads and tools which were used to trade for other goods. In the late Bronze age swords, shields and halberds were produced along with beautiful gold jewellery and ornaments. 

When the Celts arrived in Ireland between 300 – 250 BC, – there is much debate about this time – it is believed that they brought with them a new language and how to make iron which was used for tools and weapons.

The celts and the Vikings were not the same people although they had things in common. The Vikings lived in northern Europe and were dominantly from Scandinavian areas. The Celts dominated East, Central and West Europe (all the way from modern-day Ukraine to France and the modern-day UK). Both of them were divided into different clans or communities.

The Celts brought with them their beautiful distinctive artwork which can be found on everything from standing stones to burial mounds, jewellery and early artwork. 

101 Landmarks in Ireland to see

The History of the Druids in Ancient Ireland

Along with the common Celtic people were the Druids . They were the religious leaders of the Celtic peoples and of Irish paganism but they were also legal professionals, adjudicators, keepers of legends and folklore as well as medical experts of the times. Since there are no written records and ancient Celtic traditions were oral historians have depended upon the Roman culture to give insights into what the ancient Druid culture was.

 It is now commonly believed that Druids may have been around during the earliest periods of human history with anthropologists suggesting that the cave art in Lascaux, France could have been part of druidic rituals. Much of the Megalithic monuments you can visit in Ireland were quite possibly constructed on the recommendations of the Druids. At that time their knowledge of astrology was used to aline the monuments with the Celtic calendar and to mark sacred times of the year. 

Important Romans wrote of the Druids – Cicero, Pliny the Elder, and Tacitus wrote about the Druids in the lands that the Romans conquered under Tiberius and Claudius.

The origin of the name is thought to have come from the Celtic words for “to know” and “tree”. Trees were hugely important in the Celtic traditions because the Druids revered the natural world above all else. Trees, particularly oaks are considered sacred, and rituals were always in sacred forest groves.

Druids were the intellectuals of pre-Christian Ireland’s Celtic people, associated with following the Tuatha De Danaan (People of the Goddess Danu), who are were the Celtic gods.

As early as 500 BC, Hecateus of Miletus identified the “Keltoi,” having come from the headwaters of the Danube, the Rhine, and the Rhone rivers, as the mythological and legendary people known as the Tuatha de Danann.

Since ancient times, monks, scholars, saints and pilgrims have been attracted to Ireland for the same reason that today’s tourists make the journey; the wild and elemental beauty of the mountains, valleys, bays, rivers and bogs and the sense of a closeness to nature and history.

101 Landmarks in Northern Ireland

Derry – N. Ireland

Mountsandel in County Derry is one of the earliest settlements in ancient Ireland. During the 1970s behind the iron age fort at Mountsandel, Coleraine, archaeologists discovered evidence of a Mesolithic settlement dated to 7600-7900BC.

Mountsandel Wood is the earliest known settlement of humans in Ireland dating to between 7600 and 7900BC. Flint tools were found here, indicating that Stone Age hunters camped here to fish salmon in the natural weir.

The iron-age fort here is thought to date back to Norman times. Built with a clear view of the river, the large oval mound has a deep ditch, and the flattened surface at the top may indicate it was used as a motte and bailey.  

Antrim – N. Ireland

Easy to find and only around 7km from  Belfast  centre  The Giant’s Ring  is a massive monument believed to be one of Ireland’s few henges . It is thought that the Ring was built by the late Neolithic people and was a centre of great ceremonial and ritual importance. Within the centre of the enclosure which is a high bank is a small passage tomb and to the east of that is a huge broken standing stone.

The tomb itself is named after the mythical warrior and poet Ossian, a son of Finn MacCool (of  Giant’s Causeway  fame). It is supposed to be easier to find these days but you need to look for the Lubitavish Court Tomb which is marked.

Legends say that Ossian lies here it was believed that Ossian was actually a poet who wrote a series of epic poems (published as  The Poems of Ossian in the 1700s) which launched a new school of poetry but that is just myth the poems were all the work of a James Macpherson.  

Boa Island is located in Lower Lough Erne that runs into the sea in Donegal through Ballyshannon. Within the lake are several beautiful and  mysterious islands  including Boa Island, Lusty Beg, Lusty More, Devenish and White Island.

The Janus Stone on Boa Island predates Christianity and it is believed that it goes far back in time to pagan  Ireland . The stone itself is over 2000 years old and is one of the most famous carved stones in Ireland today.

Held within the mysterious Caldragh Cemetery, which is said to be one of the “thin places”, stands the two curious figures that have caused scholars to scratch their heads for many years.

Boa Island is believed to be named after Badhbh, Caillech Bhéarra the Celtic goddess of war. Badhbh was known to shapeshift and take the form of a crow, who was seen upon the shoulder of, Cúchulainn after he died in battle.  At other times she is pictured as a wolf.

She is one of three Celtic war goddesses that included her sisters, Macha and Morrigan. Their mother was the goddess, Ernmass who was said to be one of the Tuatha Dé Danann.

The smaller figure is known as “the Lustyman” because it was found on the nearby island Lusty More was moved to the cemetery in 1939, but it may well be a female figure. It is this smaller figure that appears to have only one eye fully carved that has allowed historians to develop the theory that it represents the “divine hag” or Boa and like the sky-god Odin of the Norse was blind in the left eye.

Ireland’s ancient east is home to 5000 years of history and it stretches from Newgrange and the Boyne Valley in the northeast and ranges through the midlands all the way down via Kilkenny’s Medieval mile to Waterford’s Viking Quarter and Cork.

Westmeath and Meath

A megalithic researcher Michael Poynder noted that Knocknarea, Carrowmore, Sliabh Dá Eán, Sheebeg,  Loughcrew ,  Tara  and the Hill of Howth are all on a great ley line crossing the country from west to east.  

All the ley lines in Ireland meet at Uisneach and from this sacred hill, it is said you can see 20 of the 32 counties on a clear day.

It is believed that the word Uisneach predates the Irish language. It is translated as “place of the hearth” or “angular place”, which would likely indicate a sacred ritual space.

In early written sources dating back to Roman times, the location of Uisneach was called ‘Mide’, meaning ‘the middle’. Originally this was a name for the hill itself but over the centuries the territory became the Medieval Kingdom of Mide which eventually became the Counties of Westmeath and Meath.

The ceremonial & sacred centre of Ireland Uisneach roots pre-date recorded history and its surviving monuments and relics date back to the Neolithic.

In the legends and mythology of Ireland, Uisneach is the resting site of the earth goddess Ériu and the sun god Lugh and as such was regarded as sacred ground. Uisneach was seen as a gate to the mythical fifth province, Mide.

Uisneach became the seat of the High Kings in later years and ancient writings state that the person who claimed the high throne must “marry” Ériu at a ceremony on Uisneach. This ceremony may have been part of the ‘Dail Mór Uisneach’, a great assembly and fair held at the beginning of May (Bealtaine) when a great fire was lit on the hill to mark summers arrival.

When Tara later became the seat of the High Kings, Uisneach was still the royal centre of Ireland it was the centre of Ireland and where the ancient rulers met to agree on the laws of the land.

Uisneach is linked to Tara by a ceremonial road, a section of which remains today. The Hill of Uisneach is part of a working farm and on private land. The only access to the Hill is via a guided tour.

The Hill of Tara, known as Temair in Gaeilge, was once the ancient seat of power in Ireland – 142 kings are said to have reigned there. In ancient Irish mythology, Temair was a sacred place for the gods and was the entrance to the otherworld. Saint Patrick is said to have come to Tara to convert the pagans to Christianity.

According to  Mythical Ireland  the Lia Fail or “Stone of Destiny” was brought here by, the  Tuatha Dé Danann , as one of their sacred objects. It was said to roar when touched by the rightful king of Tara.

The “Mound of the Hostages” is a megalithic ‘passage tomb’ like  Newgrange  and is the oldest monument on the hill, and one of Ireland’s most famous historical sites dating to around 2,500BC. The name “Mound of the Hostages” comes from the custom of Kings keeping important people or family members from other royal families as hostages to ensure that the families followed the King’s rule. One of the legendary kings of Tara was named Niall of the Nine Hostages in recognition of the fact that he held hostages from all the provinces of Ireland and from Britain.

There is an old Hawthorn tree on the slopes of one of the embankments at Tara and in Ireland, the Hawthorn is associated with the fairies and the Celtic goddess Danu. This Hawthorn has become a tree of wishes and healing where folks come today to tie their offerings to the tree. These days these Holy Wells have become the healing wells of Christian Irish saints .

At the entrance of Tara, there are two  standing stones , in St. Patrick’s churchyard which are believed to be ancient.  The taller of the two stones is thought to feature a figure of the Celtic fertility god Cernunnos and is similar to many of the ‘Sheela na Gigs found across Ireland.

Newgrange is a Stone Age (Neolithic) monument in the Boyne Valley , it is the jewel in the crown of  Ireland’s Ancient East  and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Newgrange is a Neolithic monument that was constructed about 5,200 years ago (3,200 B.C.) which makes it older than Stonehenge and the Great Pyramids of Giza . Newgrange is a large circular mound 85 meters (93 yards) in diameter and 13.5 meters (15 yards) high with a 19 meter (21 yards) stone passageway and chambers inside. The mound is ringed by 97 large curbstones, some of which are engraved with symbols of megalithic art.

At dawn, a narrow beam of light penetrates the roof-box and reaches the floor of the chamber, gradually extending to the rear of the passage. As the sun rises higher, the beam widens within the chamber so that the whole room becomes dramatically illuminated.

Each year the winter solstice event at the Newgrange tomb is a remarkable celebration, there are many who want to attend the solstice happening and they gather at dawn to see this event. There are so many and the tomb is so small that Newgrange holds a lottery every year to grant access to the few that can fit in the tomb. It must be one of those life events that will live in your memory forever.

Near Raphoe, you will find the Beltany, Stone Circle which sits on top of a small hill with superb views of the surrounding countryside.  It has around 64 stones with a height of about 1.8 m and in the centre is what might have been a burial cairn.

The monument takes its name from the spring festival of Beltane, which has been celebrated by the lighting of fires on hilltops to symbolize a rekindling of the sun and a move into summer. The circle probably dates to the Late Bronze Age, about 1400 to 800 BC. This area has been a place of ritual worship for thousands of years.

Donegal is famous throughout Ireland for Grianán Ailigh. The origins of the Fort date back to around 1700 BC. It has always been connected to the Tuatha de Danann who invaded Ireland before the Celts and built stone forts on top of strategic hills. They worshipped Dagda (the Good God) and he too is associated with the origins of Aileach.

The Cairns include Moytura, the Kesh Corran caves and Heapstown Cairn. The great Irish battle of Moytura is said to have left great granite pillars on the battlefields. These pillars are said to be the slain warriors of this great battle of good vs. evil.

There are two cairns here dating back to Neolithic times. Legend says that the ancient pagan festival of Lughnasa, which is celebrated at the beginning of the harvest season, began here.

Sligo is the home of the largest and oldest collection of stone circles and dolmens known from Neolithic Ireland. Carrowmore is the largest cemetery of  megalithic tomb s in Ireland and is also among the country’s oldest, with monuments ranging from five thousand to five thousand eight hundred years old. Archaeologists have recorded over 60 tombs of which 30 are visible.

The stunning cairn topped mountain of  Knocknarea  is 4 km to the west of Carrowmore, while the smaller, but equally important Carns Hill is 4 km to the east. There are more Neolithic buildings on the summits of the Ox Mountains to the south.

The flattish summit of the mountain Knocknarea is topped by the massive Queen Maeve’s Cairn, The ancient stone cairn looms over Sligo town.  It has not been excavated but it is thought to cover a passage tomb similar to that of Heapstown Cairn.

The Grange Stone Circle near Lough Gur in County Limerick is one of Ireland’s most impressive stone circles with its almost perfect shape and a post hole found in the very centre of the circle. There are 113 standing stones in this circle with a huge pair of slabs that lean towards each other to form a V.

Scientists have calculated that these stones are aligned with the  Samhain  sunset in late October early November. The Grange Stone Circles has been compared with the British henges and like those align with both solar and lunar events in the pagan calendar.

In the Republic of Ireland, 187 stone circles have been found. The majority of these circles are in County Cork where there are 187, County Mayo which has 11 and County Kerry with 20.

In Northern Ireland, there are over 147 stone circles and standing stones listed with various heritage and historical sources.

The Drombeg Stone circle is known locally as the “Druid’s Altar” and is probably Ireland’s most famous stone circle. It has seventeen closely spaced pillar stones of which 13 are still standing.

After some archaeological excavations in 1958, a pot was found with the remains of a child that were dated back to 945-830BC. They also found a Fulacht Fiadh, which is a pit used for cooking. Hot stones from the fire would be dropped into the trough to help boil the water .

The wedge tomb at Labbacallee is the largest of all the Irish wedge tombs. Local folklore links this site with the Celtic Hag Goddess – Cailleach Bheur. Leaba Caillighe in Irish means The Hag’s Bed.

Ogham stones can be found in Cork at Greenhill, Kilcullen South and Templebryan and they are believed to be the earliest form of the Irish language. The Ogham alphabet is made up of a series of strokes along or across a line.

Ogham is sometimes called the “Celtic Tree Alphabet” because many of the markings are linked to old Irish names particular trees. This writing was carved onto large standing stones which appear to be used to mark Early Irish laws which allow claims to a piece of land.  

Historians and archaeologists believe that Ogham began in southwest Ireland and moved with the Irish who left the area. Sadly, many of the Irish Ogham stones have been re-used and found near churches and abbeys which indicates that they might have been incorporated into the Christian religions of the time.

On the Beara Peninsula, there is an ancient road – known as the Green Road or the Beara Way that follows the peninsula. The Beara Way is studded with ancient ruins that include the Ring Fort in Bonane Heritage Park with its stone circle. You can visit the ancient stone circles and wedge tombs of Cashelkeelty, the Ardgroom Circle, Uragh Stone circle and several others.

The Hag of Beara is said to have lived seven lifetimes before being turned to stone. She is mentioned in a poem by Padraig Pearse “Mise Éire Siné mé ná an Cailleach Béara” The rock lies beside the coast road from Eyeries to Ardgroom on the Kilcatherine Peninsula.

The Ring of Kerry is equally rich in archaeological remains. Fine examples of Iron Age forts can be seen at Staigue near Caherdaniel and Cahergal and Leacanabuaile at Cahersiveen.

Archaeological sites are scattered throughout Kerry’s landscape: passage tombs on the hilltops, ancient copper mines, promontory forts on the sea cliffs, ogham stones and 20 stone Circles.

The Ring of Kerry is a scenic drive around the Iveragh Peninsula in southwest Ireland’s County Kerry. Taking you through some of the most breathtaking vistas in Ireland the route is a circular 179 km on the Wild Atlantic Way.

Off the main Sneem Waterville road by about 13 km lies the Staigue Fort. This is one of the finest ring fort ruins in Ireland. It’s located on a low hill with amazing views of Kenmare Bay. The fort has a massive circular rampart and the wall is up to 18 feet or 5.5 metres high and 13 ft thick it circumscribes a 90 ft diameter circular area.

It is believed to have been built during the Celtic period and one of its outstanding features is a flight of 10 steps that are built in an X shape leading to the top of the ramparts.

The Dingle peninsula has been home to various tribes and populations for almost 6,000 years. Because of the peninsula’s remote location, and lack of specialised agriculture, there are an incredible 2,000 plus monuments.

The Loch a’-Dúin valley near Cloghane is a valley that contains 90 stone structures dating from 2500BCE to the present day. From archaeological excavations and pollen studies, it has become clear that the Loch a’-Dúin Valley was used for intensive agriculture dating back to 1600 BC.

During this time habitation huts, fulachta fiadh (also known as burnt mounds), standing stones and enclosures were erected to house both humans and animals. Even earlier are the wedge tomb and the cup and circle rock art (of which there are nine examples), making it the largest concentration on the Dingle Peninsula.

The promontory fort of An Dún Beag, at Fán, dates back to the Iron Age the cliffs have eroded since it was built, and much of the fort has been lost to the sea. 

The only evidence of human inhabitation is a group of clocháns which are the stone beehives that monks used to live in and they appear to have been built around 1000 BC.

The prehistoric fort atop the cliffs on Inis Mór is clearly a defensive position the location of Dún Aengus suggests to historians that its primary purpose was religious and ceremonial rather than military. It may have been used for seasonal rites by the druids, perhaps involving the bonfires that could be seen from the mainland of Ireland.

Dún Aonghasa is over 3,000 years old. Excavations have revealed significant evidence of prehistoric metalworking, as well as several houses and burials. The whole complex was refortified in AD 700–800.

The Piper’s Stones or Athgreany stone circle is located in  County Wicklow . The name comes from local legends that say the stones are the petrified remains of a piper and dancers who stayed out on the Sabbath and were turned to stone. There is an aura around this site that will make you believe in the  Irish faerie folk  with whom the site is associated. There are 14 stones here out of an original 17 and it is believed that there used to be another stone circle within the fields.

Athgreany or Achadh Greine in Irish translates to Field of the Sun there is a magical good luck hawthorn tree within the centre of this circle. It is believed that the circle was used to celebrate solar events such as the Equinoxes and the Solstice.

The Glebe Stone circles are found in  County May o Glebe where you can see a group of four of these just north of  Cong . There are a large number of cairns, standing stones, caves, forts with  cashels  and these 4 stone circles with the Gleve North Stone Circle are the easiest to find and visit.  

Ancient Ireland has so many places that may be considered thin places and when you think about all the stories and legends of Celtic history and festivals such as the summer solstice, Samhain and Bealtaine you can’t help but be awed by these ancient sacred sites. Ireland does have a history of witches although thankfully the country was not subjected to the horrific witch trials that decimated the population of women across Europe.

What was your favourite place in Ancient Ireland? Mine tend to be up in Donegal, my first stone circle was at Beltany and I remember stepping over the piles of sheep poop and standing in awe of something that was older than time itself.

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Faith was born in Ireland raised in Canada and has lived in over 10 countries in Europe including England, Ireland, Scotland, France, Spain, Northern Ireland, Wales, along with Mexico, Antigua, the US and has slow travelled to over 40 countries around the world. Graduating with a degree in Anthropology and Women's Studies Faith is a student of history, culture, community and food and has written about these topics for over 40 years.

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10 Beachside Ruins That Will Make You Forego Sunbathing For Exploring

The world is full of incredible ancient sites and ruins with fascinating backstories , from crumbling metropolises to fortified sanctuaries that have weathered daily adversity. Many of these prehistoric communities were incredibly inventive and ingenious. People can contemplate their meticulous city planning and incredible engineering feats, some of which archeologists are still trying to fully understand, and consider how much they can learn from these ancient relatives; perhaps the most fascinating aspect is what they can't reveal.

The most interesting ancient ruins and archeological sites are undoubtedly rife with ancient mysteries that will astound even the most inquisitive brains. Nothing can compete with the beauty of coastal ruins, not even the nearby mesmerizing waters. Therefore, here are a handful of beachside ruins around the world that will make their visitors forego sunbathing for exploring.

Essaouira, Morocco

To mirror the camel trains that formerly carried gold and salt from Timbuktu, Essaouira has long drawn waves of artists, filmmakers, and tourists. Both Game of Thrones and Orson Welles' 1951 play Othello included the walled medina's wave-lashed fortifications, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site .

In Essaouira, visitors will be embraced by a fascinating fusion of Moroccan and European architecture due to its whitewashed medina and spectacular seaside battlements, despite the widely held local legend that the fort receding into the beach served as the inspiration for Jimi Hendrix's Castles Made of Sand. Plus, this place isn't just home to some of the world's best ruins on the coast; visitors will also enjoy discovering charming attractions and things to do in Essaouira .

• Entrance fee: $0.99 (10 MAD) per visitor

Related: Visit Essaouira: Morocco’s Most Charming Seaside Town

Kaleköy, Turkey

Kaleköy is home to some of the best coastal ruins in the world. The name of this fishing community in the Mediterranean, which can only be reached by boat or on foot along the Lycian Way, alludes to the crusader castle that towers above its dilapidated cottages and is home to the smallest theater in antiquity . Visitors can follow the roads down to the harbor, where two Lycian house tombs rise sharply from the brilliant turquoise shallows, to find a Turkish Atlantis.

They can also hop in a boat or sea kayak to observe building foundations, stairs, and broken amphorae vanishing into the azure depths near Kekova island. They are remnants of ancient Simena, the sunken city submerged by a series of earthquakes in the second century AD . On a trip, tourists can travel there from Kaş.

• Entrance fee: $3.61 (70 TL) per visitor

Byblos, Lebanon

North of Beirut, atop a sandstone cliff, stands the beach town of Byblos. There are many reasons to visit Byblos , which has been continuously inhabited since the Neolithic era, but perhaps one of the most compelling is that it's an outstanding example of an early Phoenician civilization site. The buildings from various eras that are strewn around the area, including the medieval city intra-muros and antique homes, show the evolution of the town. Byblos is a testament to a history of continuous building, from the town's first structures, which date back 8000 years , to the Bronze Age's monumental temples, Byzantine churches, Persian fortifications, the Crusade citadel, Roman roads, and the medieval and Ottoman town.

Byblos is also closely related to the development and spread of the Phoenician alphabet. With the oldest Phoenician inscription found in Byblos, it was determined where the modern alphabet originated. Today, tourists will not only visit ruins, but they will also enjoy shopping, partying, eating, and other activities in Byblos. The ruins are spread across the area, so no matter where visitors are or what they are doing, they will be enchanted by the beauty of this exceptional, ancient town.

• Entrance fee: $3 (300,000 LBP) per visitor

Related: Why Lebanon's Roman Ruins Make It Worth Visiting

Eilean Donan Castle, Scotland

Eilean Donan, a location in several movies, including Highlander and the Pierce Brosnan Bond movie The World Is Not Enough , stands on an island where three large sea lochs converge on the coastal road to Skye. A squadron of English frigates bombarded it for three days before blowing it up with a stockpile of 343 gunpowder barrels because Spanish forces were stationed there during the brief Jacobite uprising of 1719. The solid building, which was fortunately spared total destruction, was restored to its former splendor in the early 20th century.

To tour the impressive pile, which was dubbed Scotland's "Best Heritage Tourism Experience," and see artifacts, including a sword used at the Battle of Culloden in 1746 , visitors should cross the stone-arched bridge.

• Entrance fee: $12.46 (10 GBP) per adult and $7.48 (6 GBP) per child

Related: Visiting Eilean Donan? Here Are Some Tips For Going Inside

Ostia Antica, Italy

Ancient Rome's harbor, Ostia, was located at the Tiber River's mouth. This significant harbor was founded around the 7th century BC and overcame pirate attacks and civil wars to become a great one before the fall of the Roman Empire caused it to be plundered once more. The location of the site has changed due to river silting; it is now on the last alluvial bend of the Tiber before it joins the Tyrrhenian Sea. This build-up preserved many of the ruins by submerging them in the muck.

The sprawling site today is one of the best day trips from Rome , with attractions like the Baths of Neptune and the amphitheater. Visitors are recommended to keep an eye out for the mosaics in the café and the fresco menu in the Piazzale delle Corporazioni, which served as the meeting place for Ostia's merchant guilds.

• Entrance fee: $16.32 (14.80 EUR) per visitor

Chersonesus, Crimea

Chersonesus, which is Greek for "peninsula," was an ancient Greek colony founded 2500 years ago on the Crimean Peninsula and was known as the Ukrainian Pompeii. In addition to Greek, Byzantine, and Roman ruins, it also has a basilica that is shown on Ukrainian banknotes. A Russian Orthodox cathedral looms ominously over the entire scene.

The contested peninsula creates logistical difficulties and moral conundrums as a result of Russia's widely denounced annexation of this portion of Ukrainian land in 2014. To get a taste of life two thousand years ago, tourists can still travel to this Pompeii on the Black Sea.

• Entrance fee: $6.13 (500 RUB) per adult and $3.07 (250 GBP) per youth

Skellig Michael, Ireland

Tourists can only visit Skellig Michael between April and October. It is the largest of the two Skellig Islands. Along the way, they will see a variety of wild birds circling above Little Skellig, the second-largest gannet colony in the world . The stone beehive cells atop Skellig Michael were built by the monks who resided there between the sixth and the twelfth centuries AD. At that point, it is time to disembark and ascend the cliffside stairs.

This lonely, wind-beaten Irish cousin of Cornwall's St. Michael's Mount and Normandy's Mont St. Michel still exudes the same intensity of devotion that inspired the ancient priests to build it. Its aura of mystery even inspired Luke Skywalker's Jedi temple in the most recent Star Wars films. In addition to those who disembark on the island, eco-tours are also offered. Another option is the Skellig Experience on the more tranquil Valentia Island.

• Tour costs: $44.11 (40 EUR) per adult and $33.09 (30 EUR) per child

Related: This Northern Ireland Town Is Home To A Cliff Walk, A Castle, And A History Of Witch Trials

Lindos Acropolis, Greece

Lindos Acropolis is one of two breathtaking Greek acropolises, or fortified upper cities, on Rhodes that date back more than 2000 years . Visitors can climb the steep road to the towering hilltop, which, due to its battlements built by the crusading Knights of St. John, who captured the island from the Byzantine Empire in the 14th century, rules over Lindos' sugar-cube buildings and blue bay like a medieval fortress.

Today, this is one of the best ruins on the coast in Greece; the temple to the goddess Athena Lindia and a Hellenistic stoa with 20 brilliant white columns are among the remnants there. Awe-inspiring views of the marine world may be seen from here, which drew intrepid travelers like Alexander the Great and Odysseus.

• Entrance fee: $13.23 (12 EUR) per visitor

Port Arthur, Australia

Port Arthur, an abandoned 19th-century jail, is located at the farthest point of the peninsulas and islands clustered southeast of Hobart, on the final sheltered harbor before visitors cross the Tasman Sea to New Zealand's remote South Island. These sturdy Victorian fortifications, which could be reached from mainland Tasmania via Eaglehawk Neck, were used to imprison hardened offenders who committed new crimes after arriving in Australia.

On lantern-lit ghost tours of the abandoned facility, visitors can hear about the more than 3500 convicts who were employed in logging and shipbuilding at the height of the penal settlement in the 1840s. More than 1000 people have passed away here over Port Arthur's 50-year history, providing the tour guides plenty to discover, from an iconic history to stories of strange happenings and chilling situations that have alarmed everyone from colonial soldiers to present-day tourists.

• Entrance fee: $25.96 (39 AUD) per visitor

Learn more about the history of Port Arthur and what to know about visiting it today.

Related: Next Time You're In Cancun, Step Back 700 Years & Explore The Mayan Ruins At Tulum

Tulum, Mexico

When the Spanish conquistadors passed by this walled Mayan port city overlooking the Caribbean in 1518, they took note of its multicolored structures and ceremonial fire. Tulum, whose name means "wall" in Yucatán Mayan, withstood the arrival of the Spanish by over a century and has since continued to be a favorite among tourists.

The beachside town of Tulum has two main Mayan ruins to visit . The most magnificent of these ruins, El Castillo (the Castle), with its majestic stairway and plumed serpent carvings, has iguanas darting over the aged stones. Visitors are recommended to keep an eye out for the wonderful Templo del Dios del Viento and Templo de las Pinturas, which each have lofty columns, relief carvings, and colored murals.

• Entrance fee: $5.01 (90 MXN) per visitor

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5 reasons to visit Belfast in 2024

The Titanic city has a hugely ambitious cultural programme taking place across the year

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It’s always a good idea to visit Belfast , Northern Ireland ’s thriving capital. From top attractions  such as St George’s Market to the Botanic Gardens, this buzzing spot on the banks of the River Lagan mixes historic attractions with a cool new cultural scene. Of course, Belfast has always been a cultural spot, and is home to an array of artists, musicians and writers past and present including Van Morrison and CS Lewis.

But there’s also a new cultural energy pulsing through the streets. It can be seen in galleries and studios of the Cathedral Quarter. It can be evidenced by the city’s designation as a prestigious UNESCO City of Music  in 2021. And it can be experienced through Belfast 2024 , an ambitious cultural schedule that will see an exciting programme of events and projects showcased throughout the year. Boat-building experiments, dance theatre, augmented reality installations, immersive light displays in iconic locations... we could go on! There’s bound to be something here that’ll get your creative juices flowing.

Any time is a good time to visit Belfast, but Belfast 2024 makes this year a really GREAT one. Need more convincing? Here are five reasons to add Belfast to your bucket list this year...

Titanic Belfast

1. The museums

Belfast is a historic place and there’s no better way to enjoy the city’s heritage than by visiting some of its museums. To explore the city’s famous shipbuilding past, Titanic Belfast is a must. This world-leading attraction is located at the same docks where the infamous “Ship of Dreams” was built and launched on her ill-fated maiden voyage in 1912. The striking building juts out into the sky just like the Titanic, and inside there are a plethora of interactive galleries and exhibitions to explore. For art, history and natural sciences, head to the Ulster Museum , where a treasure trove of items from past and present awaits, including dinosaurs, meteorites and Egyptian mummies.

If you’re visiting later in the year, look out for Belfast 2024’s Eco Arcade experience. Artist Robin Price is teaming up with local young minds to transform the outside of the Ulster Museum into an interactive area of play and public engagement through laser arcade games. Gamers and tech-lovers, don’t miss it!

The Art of Reconciliation by Féile an Phobail, East Side Arts and Belfast International Arts Festival © Belfast 2024

2. The cultural venues

Culture vultures can feast on an array of eclectic experiences in Belfast. A top catch-all spot is The MAC in the hip Cathedral Quarter. It’s always got something fun going on, from theatre performances and dance workshops to modern art exhibitions. For photography, check out Belfast Exposed , Northern Ireland’s leading photography organisation, which is home to a wide range of courses and exhibitions. If craft and design are more your bag, pop into Craft NI , a carefully curated gallery featuring jewellery, ceramics, textiles and more from some of the area’s most talented creators.

Opening as part of Belfast 2024, the Show Some Love Greenhouse adds another creative locale into the mix. The collaborative space hosts an art studio, sustainable fashion hub, workshops, events and more. This community-focused, eco-conscious endeavour shows sustainable Ireland  at its best.

Music gig, Belfast

3. The music

Belfast is the only UNESCO City of Music on the island of Ireland. With such a prestigious accolade, you just know the city is a fantastic destination for music lovers. Music is woven into Belfast’s DNA. Take all the great musicians who hail from here, from legendary punk rockers Stiff Little Fingers to modern-day rock behemoths Snow Patrol. Then you’ve got all the top quality music venues including Ulster Hall and the Oh Yeah Music Centre , the latter of which is a live venue, bar, rehearsal studio and social space all rolled into one. Add to that a plethora of traditional music pubs and possibly the coolest jazz club on the island – Bert’s Jazz Bar – and it’s easy to see why Belfast’s music scene is so revered.

If you like the sound of all that, then Belfast 2024’s Sound Links by Ulster Orchestra should be music to your ears. Taking place on 21 September, the age-old Townsend Street will be transformed for a one-day festival of dance, song and fun for all the family. It’s a community-led celebration of the street and its locals that’s not to be missed if you’re here on the day.

Shadowdock by Three’s Theatre Company and Studio Sykes © Belfast 2024

4. The landmarks

The iconic yellow Harland & Wolff gantry cranes that tower over the docks, picturesque Belfast Castle nestled snugly on Cave Hill , elegant Queen’s University near the city centre... Emblems of Belfast’s storied history and rich heritage can be seen across the city and they’re all fabulous places to add to your trip itinerary. As is Crumlin Road Gaol , an atmospheric 19th century jail that’s not for the faint-hearted, as tours of the complex take in the hospital, hanging cell and graveyard! For a more genteel step back in time, wander the Maritime Mile , a dockside brimming with historic attractions including the Titanic slipways, the SS Nomadic (tender ship for the Titanic) and the Titanic Dock and Pumphouse.

From 26 – 29 September this year, Belfast 2024 will add a brand new attraction to the city’s famous docks. Shadowdock will see a striking display of light, shadow, colour and sound light up the very dock where the Titanic was launched. Performers, composers and lighting designers will turn this empty space 40 foot below sea level into an immersive experience you won’t forget in a hurry.

Seedhead Arts street art walking tour, Belfast

5. The tours

The fifth and final reason to visit Belfast this year is the range of varied tours on offer. Big foodie? Check out Taste & Tour which provides a series of tasty tours including a gin jaunt and a five-stop brunch tour. Want more? Uncover five reasons Belfast tastes amazing . For a history tour with a difference, try the Belfast Black Cab Tour and uncover the history of the city as told through public murals. A great option to delve into Belfast’s burgeoning street art scene is the Street Art Walking Tour by Seedhead Arts, a two-hour stroll about the city that champions a new breed of street artists both local and global who are leaving their mark on Belfast in colourful and creative ways.

As for Belfast 2024, the cultural programme will beckon people to tour the somewhat forgotten spaces of the city’s alleyways. 9ft in Common: A Manifesto for the Alleys promises to turn Belfast’s overlooked alleys into creative spaces full of community and connection. As with all of the events throughout the year, Belfast 2024 puts the key themes of the people of Belfast and the place itself front and centre. All that’s left now is for you to join in...

Where do you want to go?

Do you feel like tasting wild Atlantic sea spray on your lips? Strolling through vibrant city streets? Exploring ancient ruins? Right this way…