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Situated in the Pacific Ocean some 1,000 km from the South American continent, these 19 islands and the surrounding marine reserve have been called a unique ‘living museum and showcase of evolution’. Located at the confluence of three ocean currents, the Galápagos are a ‘melting pot’ of marine species. Ongoing seismic and volcanic activity reflects the processes that formed the islands. These processes, together with the extreme isolation of the islands, led to the development of unusual animal life – such as the land iguana, the giant tortoise and the many types of finch – that inspired Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection following his visit in 1835.

Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

Îles Galápagos

Situées dans l’océan Pacifique, à environ 1000 km du continent sud-américain, ces dix-neuf îles et la réserve marine qui les entoure constituent un musée et un laboratoire vivants de l’évolution uniques au monde. Au confluent de trois courants océaniques, les Galápagos sont un creuset d’espèces marines. L’activité sismique et le volcanisme toujours en activité illustrent les processus qui ont formé ces îles. Ces processus, ainsi que l’isolement extrême de ces îles, ont entraîné le développement d’une faune originale - notamment l’iguane terrestre, la tortue géante et de nombreuses espèces de pinsons qui inspira à Charles Darwin sa théorie de l’évolution par la sélection naturelle à la suite de sa visite en 1835.

أرخبيل جزر غالاباغوس

على مسافة 1000 كيلومتر من القارة الأمريكيّة الجنوبيّة، تقع الجزر التسعة عشر والمحميّة البحريّة التي تحيطها وتكوّن متحفاً ومختبراً حيّين فريدين من نوعهما في المحيط الهادئ. وعند نقطة تلاقي تيارات المحيطات الثلاثة، تشكّل غالاباغوس بوتقة الأصناف البحريّة. فحركة الزلازل والبراكين الثائرة تجسّد عمليّات تكوين هذه الجزر. ولقد أدّت هذه العمليّات، ناهيك عن انعزال هذه الجزر التام، إلى تطوّر ثروة حيوانيّة فريدة من نوعها وخصوصاً الإغوانة البريّة والسلحفاة العملاقة وأصناف عديدة من عصافير البرقش التي استوحى منها شارل داروين نظريّته الشهيرة بعد زيارته عام 1835.

source: UNESCO/CPE Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

群岛地处离南美大陆1000公里的太平洋上，由19个火山岛以及周围的海域组成，被人称作独一无二的“活的生物进化博物馆和陈列室”。加拉帕戈斯群岛处于三大洋流的交汇处，是海洋生物的“大熔炉”。持续的地震和火山活动反映了群岛的形成过程。这些过程，加上群岛与世隔绝的地理位置，促使群岛内进化出许多奇异的动物物种，例如陆生鬣蜥、巨龟和多种类型的雀类。1835年查尔斯·达尔文参观了这片岛屿后，从中得到感悟，进而提出了著名的进化论。

Islas Galápagos

Situadas en el Pacífico, a unos mil kilómetros del subcontinente sudamericano, estas diecinueve islas de origen volcánico y su reserva marina circundante son un museo y un laboratorio vivientes de la evolución, únicos en el mundo. Las Galápagos están situadas en la confluencia de tres corrientes oceánicas y concentran una gran variedad de especies marinas. Su actividad sísmica y volcánica ilustra los procesos de su formación geológica. Estos procesos, sumados al extremo aislamiento del archipiélago, han originado el desarrollo de una fauna singular con especies como la iguana terrestre, la tortuga gigante y numerosas especies de pinzones, cuyo estudio inspiró a Darwin la teoría de la evolución por selección natural, tras su viaje a estas islas en 1835.

source: NFUAJ

Galápagos Eilanden

De Galápagos Eilanden liggen in de Stille Oceaan, zo’n 1.000 kilometer van het Zuid-Amerikaanse continent. Ze omvatten 19 eilanden, die samen met het omliggende zeereservaat een ‘levend museum en toonbeeld van evolutie’ worden genoemd. Voortdurende seismische en vulkanische processen hebben de eilanden gevormd. Deze processen en de extreme afzondering van de eilanden, hebben geleid tot de ontwikkelingen van ongebruikelijk dierlijk leven, zoals de landleguaan, de reuzenschildpad en vele soorten vinken. De Galápagos eilanden liggen op de plek waar drie oceaanstromingen samenkomen en het gebied bevat daarom ook een mix van marine soorten. Het gebied inspireerde Charles Darwin tot de ontwikkeling van de evolutietheorie, na zijn bezoek in 1835.

Source: unesco.nl

Outstanding Universal Value

Brief synthesis

The Galapagos Islands area situated in the Pacific Ocean some 1,000 km from the Ecuadorian coast. This archipelago and its immense marine reserve is known as the unique ‘living museum and showcase of evolution’. Its geographical location at the confluence of three ocean currents makes it one of the richest marine ecosystems in the world. Ongoing seismic and volcanic activity reflects the processes that formed the islands. These processes, together with the extreme isolation of the islands, led to the development of unusual plant and animal life – such as marine iguanas, flightless cormorants, giant tortoises, huge cacti, endemic trees and the many different subspecies of mockingbirds and finches – all of which inspired Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection following his visit in 1835.

Criterion vii: The Galapagos Marine Reserve is an underwater wildlife spectacle with abundant life ranging from corals to sharks to penguins to marine mammals. No other site in the world can offer the experience of diving with such a diversity of marine life forms that are so familiar with human beings, that they accompany divers. The diversity of underwater geomorphological forms is an added value to the site producing a unique display, which cannot be found anywhere else in the world.

Criterion viii: The archipelago´s geology begins at the sea floor and emerges above sea level where biological processes continue.. Three major tectonic plates—Nazca, Cocos and Pacific— meet at the basis of the ocean, which is of significant geological interest. In comparison with most oceanic archipelagos, the Galapagos are very young with the largest and youngest islands, Isabela and Fernandina, with less than one million years of existence, and the oldest islands, Española and San Cristóbal, somewhere between three to five million years. The site demonstrates the evolution of the younger volcanic areas in the west and the older islands in the east. On-going geological and geomorphological processes, including recent volcanic eruptions, small seismic movements, and erosion provide key insights to the puzzle of the origin of the Galapagos Islands. Almost no other site in the world offers protection of such a complete continuum of geological and geomorphological features.

Criterion ix: The origin of the flora and fauna of the Galapagos has been of great interest to people ever since the publication of the “Voyage of the Beagle” by Charles Darwin in 1839. The islands constitute an almost unique example of how ecological, evolutionary and biogeographic processes influence the flora and fauna on both specific islands as well as the entire archipelago. Darwin’s finches, mockingbirds, land snails, giant tortoises and a number of plant and insect groups represent some of the best examples of adaptive radiation which still continues today. Likewise, the Marine Reserve, situated at the confluence of 3 major eastern Pacific currents and influenced by climatic phenomena such as El Niño, has had major evolutionary consequences and provides important clues about species evolution under changing conditions. The direct dependence on the sea for much of the island’s wildlife (e.g. seabirds, marine iguanas, sea lions) is abundantly evident and provides an inseparable link between the terrestrial and marine worlds.

Criterion x: The islands have relatively high species diversity for such young oceanic islands, and contain emblematic taxa such as giant tortoises and land iguanas, the most northerly species of penguin in the world, flightless cormorants as well as the historically important Darwin’s finches and Galapagos mockingbirds. Endemic flora such as the giant daisy trees Scalesia spp. and many other genera have also radiated on the islands, part of a native flora including about 500 vascular plant species of which about 180 are endemic. Examples of endemic and threatened species include 12 native terrestrial mammal species (11 endemic, with 10 threatened or extinct) and 36 reptile species (all endemic and most considered threatened or extinct), including the only marine iguana in the world. Likewise the marine fauna has an unusually high level of diversity and endemism, with 2,909 marine species identified with 18.2% endemism. High profile marine species include sharks, whale sharks, rays and cetaceans. The interactions between the marine and terrestrial biotas (e.g. sea lions, marine and terrestrial iguanas, and seabirds) are also exceptional. Recent exploration of deep sea communities continues to produce new additions to science.

The Galapagos archipelago is located about 1,000 km from continental Ecuador and is composed of 127 islands, islets and rocks, of which 19 are large and 4are inhabited. 97% of the total emerged surface (7,665,100 ha) was declared National Park in 1959. Human settlements are restricted to the remaining 3% in specifically zoned rural and urban areas on four islands (a fifth island only has an airport, tourism dock, fuel containment, and military facilities). The islands are surrounded by the Galapagos Marine Reserve which was created in 1986 (70,000 km 2 ) and extended to its current area (133,000 km 2 ) in 1998, making it one of the largest marine reserves in the world. The marine reserve includes inland waters of the archipelago (50,100 km 2 ) in addition to all those contained within 40 nautical miles, measured from the outermost coastal islands. Airports on two islands (Baltra and San Cristobal) receive traffic from continental Ecuador with another airport on Isabela mostly limited to inter-island traffic. All the inhabited islands have ports to receive merchandise. The other uninhabited islands are strictly controlled with carefully planned tourist itineraries limiting visitation. Around 30,000 people live on the islands, and approximately 170,000 tourists visit the islands each year.

Protection and management requirements

The main threats to the Galapagos are the introduction of invasive species, increased tourism, demographic growth, illegal fishing and governance issues (i.e. who takes responsibility for decisions given the large number of stakeholders with conflicting interests involved in managing the islands). These issues are constantly analyzed and monitored to adequately manage them and reinforce strategies to minimize their impact.

In 1986 a law was passed to control fishing and over-exploitation of Galapagos marine resources. Protection was further strengthened by the “Special Regime Law for the Conservation and Sustainable Development in the Province of the Galapagos” of 1998, and inscribed in the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador. This law designated the current Galapagos Marine Reserve as a protected area under the responsibility of the Galapagos National Park Service. Among other issues, it provides the specific legal framework over which many aspects of island life are to be regulated, including provincial planning; inspection and quarantine measures; fisheries management; control and marine monitoring; residency and migration of people to the islands; tourism through a visitor management system, permits and quotas; agriculture; waste management; and “total control” of introduced species. This management imposes some limitations on the exercise of the rights of people living in this geographical area, but also provides them with preferential rights to use the natural resources sustainably. Within this framework the Galapagos National Park Service has periodically prepared Management Plans since 1974 to date, which have been developed in a participatory manner among the different social and economic groups through community representatives and local authorities to address the changing realities of the Galapagos ecosystem. This includes tools for development and conservation management of natural resources in harmony with international standards. For example, a zoning system has been implemented to establish areas of sustainable use and areas prohibited to the local population. Governmental institutions contribute to the funding of conservation and management in the archipelago. Other support comes from the entry fee paid by tourists and a small percentage from international donations.

• [in Italian] Uno sguardo sulle Galapagos
• [in Italian] Galapagos, paradiso troppo affollato
• Galapagos Links (Ecuador: Tierra hermosa)
• Galapagos Conservation Trust
• Charles Darwin Foundation
• Protectedplanet.net

List of World Heritage in Danger

Inscription Year on the List of World Heritage in Danger

State of Conservation (SOC)

Protections by other conservation instruments.

1 protection / 1 element

• Humedales del Sur de Isabela

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Galapagos Islands

Immerse yourself in the most precious corner of nature.

Discover the Galapagos Islands! A unique natural treasure in the world, located 1000 km from the coast of Ecuador. Known for their biodiversity and their connection to the theory of evolution, these volcanic islands are World Heritage Sites. He follows in the footsteps of Charles Darwin, who after visiting them in 1835 developed his theory. Dive in crystal clear waters, explore nature trails and marvel at marine life. Galapagos offers scuba diving, snorkeling, wildlife watching and visits to turtle breeding centers. Add this unique experience with fascinating landscapes to your list!

Exploring Enchanting San Cristobal Island

Lush vegetation, white sand beaches and crystal clear waters make San Cristobal a beautiful island. Its environment is home to an incredible diversity of wildlife, from sea lions to tropical birds and giant tortoises. If you love scuba diving and snorkeling, explore its coral reefs that are home to many marine species. In addition, enjoy the countryside and experiential activities.

Nature, Charm and Adventure in the Heart of the Archipelago

In Santa Cruz you will find an impressive geological landscape with lava tunnels. Tour the island through expeditions focused on diversity and conservation, visit the Charles Darwin Research Station, giant tortoise ranches, meet the iconic “Lonesome George” and see the world’s only marine lizards resting on coral sand.

A Natural Treasure of Volcanic Wonders

The largest island of the archipelago has a chain of intermittently active volcanoes that offer unique spectacles. It is home to the only penguin species living in the tropical zone and is the third smallest penguin species in the world. Its landscapes are full of history and charm where you can go surfing, diving, kayaking, hiking, biking and more.

The Galapagos hold a fascinating history. Long before their discovery in 1535 by Tomás de Berlanga, they served as a unique natural laboratory. However, their true claim to fame came centuries later, when they inspired Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution. Since then, they have been a crucial reference point for biology and conservation, and a world-famous tourist destination, declared a World Natural Heritage Site. Discover this natural sanctuary!

These giant land tortoises are known for their longevity and impressive size.

These seabirds are excellent divers and attract attention because of their blue legs.

They are the only iguanas in the world that can swim in the ocean. Watch them sunbathing on the rocks or submerged in the water.

They have different beak shapes, adapted to their type of feeding, which is why they inspired Darwin’s theory of evolution.

They are the largest flying birds in the archipelago, with a wingspan of up to 2.5 meters.

These playful penguins are the most northerly in the world and are adapted to tropical waters.

These volcanic islands are located 1000 km off the continental coast of Ecuador. To reach them you must take a flight from the cities of Quito or Guayaquil. Several airlines offer flights of at least 2 hours. Remember that before checking in with your airline, in Quito or Guayaquil, you must acquire the Transit Control Card (TCT) at the office of the Governing Council of Galápagos. This document is necessary for the immigration control of entry and stay of visitors, which can be up to 60 days. Additionally, you will have to pay the entrance fee to the Galápagos National Park.

Between islands, you can get around using boats, specialized cruises, or local ferries. On some larger islands like Santa Cruz or Isabela, you can rent bicycles or vehicles to traverse the trails and paths that lead to stunning places. This will allow you to delve into its rich biodiversity and contribute to its preservation.

Galapagos has one of the largest marine reserves on the planet, this 193,000 km2 paradise holds many of the most acclaimed dive sites in the world for hosting an impressive biodiversity.

While snorkeling you will see blue sharks, manta rays, colorful fish and playful sea lions. The best spots are in Cerro Tijeretas, León Dormido, Lobería, Bahía Rosa Blanca, Las Grietas or Tortuga Bay.

Test your skills on a paddling trip around the mangroves and bays of Galapagos such as Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, the Garrapatero, Tortuga Bay, the Itabaca Channel and the bay of Isabela Island.

Galapagos inspires you to take it easy. A hike through its natural trails will take you through tunnels, viewpoints, pools, volcanoes and crevices. Visit the Sierra Negra volcano, which has one of the largest calderas in the world.

Take a ride on wheels to get in genuine contact with the landscapes, people and customs of the islands. From Puerto Ayora you can pedal to El Garrapatero and feel the microclimates of Santa Cruz Island. On Isabela Island enjoy cycling in the circuits of the Wetlands Complex.

Explore the islands through daily tours without overnight stays on board. A 6 or 7 hour adventure will allow you to practice snorkeling, experiential fishing, relax on beaches and admire species in fascinating terrestrial sites.

Take your experience to another level. Take an overnight cruise from 3 to 14 nights. On board enjoy comfort, adventure and unique experiences, such as scuba diving and land activities, on luxury, first class and tourist cruises.

Visit Galapagos at any time of the year, the adventure will always be unique. June to December are the coldest and driest months, January to May are the warmest and wettest months, August tends to be the coolest time. The water temperature varies throughout the year due to the powerful ocean currents of the archipelago. In the cool and dry season, cooler currents dominate, bringing huge amounts of plankton, which attract marine life, and you may need a wetsuit for diving. If you are determined to see a particular species in the Galapagos, contact a tour operator to choose the month and itinerary that will give you the best chance for a sighting. Some species are seasonal and many exist only on specific islands.

Bring comfortable and light clothing. Your shoes should be sturdy walking shoes with closed toes and durable soles. He also brings sandals to wear in cities and on ships. Bring your waterproof gear and good weather protection for your camera. Use waterproof insect repellent and high SPF sunscreen. Use reusable bottles and bags to avoid generating plastic or waste.

The official currency of Ecuador is the U.S. dollar. Credit cards are accepted in most establishments; however, there are also ATMs on the islands of Santa Cruz and San Cristóbal.

In addition

For a more pleasant and safe experience, hire the services regulated by the Ministry of Tourism.

Official Site of International Promotion of the Ministry of Tourism of Ecuador.

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The Ultimate Galápagos Islands Travel Guide

Discover the islands that inspired Charles Darwin.

The Galápagos Islands, located roughly 600 miles off the coast of Ecuador, remained a closely guarded natural secret for millions of years. Over that time, the archipelago evolved into a home for an all-star cast of plants and animals. Sometime in the 1800s, some swashbuckling pirates and intrepid explorers started arriving in the Galápagos Islands. The most famous early visitor was Charles Darwin, a young naturalist who spent 19 days studying the islands' flora and fauna in 1835. In 1859, Darwin published On the Origin of Species , which introduced his theory of evolution — and the Galápagos Islands — to the world.

Since then, word of these islands and their magnificent beauty has steadily grown. In 1959, the Galápagos became Ecuador's first national park, and in 1978, it was named a UNESCO World Heritage site . Today, more than 275,000 people visit the Galápagos every year to see those incredible animals and landscapes for themselves.

As amazing as you think the Galápagos Islands will be, they routinely exceed expectations. It's a place where lizards swim, birds walk, and humans — for once — don't take center stage.

Reasons to Visit

Biodiversity brings over 100,000 visitors each year to these remote islands that were totally unknown to the world until 1535. Without the influence of a human presence, the island's flora and fauna, and the surrounding marine life, thrived for thousands of years by evolving into unique species you won't find anywhere else in the world, such as the charismatic giant tortoises and blue-footed boobies. Beyond seeing the main stars of the island, many visitors also enjoy the beautiful beaches and choose the Galápagos Islands as their honeymoon destination .

This is also one of the world's top scuba diving destinations, so spending time on or in the water is a must, whether that means you're ready to jump in with your snorkel for a sea lion swim or are happy to enjoy the views from the deck of your adventure cruise . Brimming with natural beauty, the Galápagos is for many a once-in-a-lifetime destination where the marvels of the natural world are waiting to astound you.

Best Time to Visit

There's no bad time to visit the Galápagos Islands. No matter what time of year you go, the adventure is sure to be unique and wonderful. June through December are the cooler and drier months. Even though this is the dry season, a garúa (or light, misty rain) is still possible, particularly in December, and skies can be cloudy and gray.

January through May are the warmer and wetter months, but the rain creates brilliantly clear blue skies between showers — great for photography. March and April tend to be the hottest and wettest months, while August tends to be the coolest time.

Water temperatures vary throughout the year because of the powerful ocean currents in the archipelago. Between June and December, the colder currents dominate and the water temperature dips low. A wet suit (likely provided by your boat or hotel) may be required while snorkeling during these months. However, the upside is that the cold current brings in huge quantities of plankton, which attract hungry marine life.

If you're set on seeing a particular species in the Galápagos, talk to the tour operator and pick the month and itinerary that will give you the best chance for a sighting. Some species are seasonal, and many exist only on specific islands. For example, the waved albatross, also called the Galápagos albatross, is not a full-time resident. These birds just show up for mating in the spring and summer.

How to Get There

Getty Images/Mauricio Handler

Flights to the Galápagos Islands depart multiple times each day from Quito or Guayaquil on mainland Ecuador. Flights from the U.S. are plentiful to both cities. Hotel options are better in Quito and, in general, this city is more compelling with a stunning colonial center, which was made a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1978. It's also home to ample museums, shopping, and restaurants to easily fill a few days. However, Quito is over 9,000 feet above sea level, so altitude can be a problem for travelers arriving from lower elevations. Steamy Guayaquil, Ecuador's largest city, is at sea level, so altitude is not an issue. However, the hotel and restaurant selection is much more limited in Guayaquil.

If you're booking your own flights from mainland Ecuador to the Galápagos Islands, remember that there are two airports on two different islands in the archipelago. San Cristóbal Airport is on the island of the same name. Seymour Airport, which runs entirely on sun and wind power, can be found on tiny Baltra Island, which is separated from Santa Cruz Island by a narrow channel. Be sure to book your flights to the same island you'll be based on, or where your boat departs and returns.

By Land or By Sea

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The first decision you have to make when visiting the Galápagos Islands is also the most difficult. Do you want to stay in a hotel on one of the three inhabited islands, exploring other islands and areas via day-trip boat rides? Or do you want to be based on a live-aboard boat, which provides accommodations and transportation from island to island? There are three main factors to consider when choosing between land and sea: cost, time management, and access.

A trip to the Galápagos Islands can be pricey. However, it's easier to craft a less expensive experience if you choose to be land based. These days, there are hotels and restaurants at many price points on San Cristóbal Island, Santa Cruz Island, and, to a much lesser extent, Isabela and Floreana Islands. Live-aboard boats come in a range of price points, too. However, all but the most bare-bones boats still add up to more than a land-based vacation.

If you choose a land-based vacation, expect to spend a lot of time getting from your hotel onto a boat, out to the day's destination, then back to your property. On the other hand, live-aboard boats do most of their navigating during the night when travelers are asleep in cabins on board. This means passengers wake up in a new destination ready for a full day of exploration. Because land-based explorations are limited to the five islands that can be reached in one day, travelers won't be able to visit the more distant islands that boat-based itineraries include.

Unless you're terrified of sailing, suffer from seasickness , or hate the idea of being on a boat for a week, book a cruise. You'll waste less time running back and forth, plus you'll see as many distinct areas of the Galápagos Islands as possible.

Most live-aboard boats offer five- to eight-day itineraries, with set departure dates and routes. Routes are dictated by Galápagos National Park officials to mitigate crowding and environmental stress. Your boat will provide a northern or southern itinerary (sometimes called eastern and western itineraries), alternating weekly. Both include wonderful land excursions, plenty of time in the water, and ample opportunities to see the famous flora and fauna of the Galápagos.

Boats in the Galápagos Islands are limited to a maximum of 100 passengers, but most carry fewer than that. The benefit of traveling on a smaller-capacity vessel is a more intimate onboard experience and faster transfer times between your main vessel and the rubber dinghies. Smaller boats also tend to have more character and history. And if you're traveling with a big group, don't worry, as larger-capacity boats tend to have more onboard services, like guest lectures and medical facilities.

Ecoventura , which has several vessels that allow for up to 20 passengers at a time, is another excellent operator. In addition, two naturalists take guests onshore and explain every animal and plant in great detail.

Scuba divers who want to focus on underwater adventures have a few options in the Galápagos Islands as well. The Galapagos Sky , Galapagos Aggressor III , and Galapagos Master are live-aboard boats that were designed specifically for scuba divers. They ply the waters all the way to the little-visited northernmost islands in the archipelago, where deep, cold, current-filled diving yields time with manta rays, whale sharks, sunfish, and hammerhead sharks. Note that these are for experienced divers only.

Best Hotels and Resorts

A wide range of hotels can be found on Santa Cruz Island and San Cristóbal Island, and several boats operate out of harbors on those islands as well. Be sure to book a hotel that's located near the harbor (not in the highlands), so you can be close to the boat's boarding spot for day trips.

For example, the 19-room Golden Bay Galapagos is situated right on the harbor of San Cristóbal Island. You can watch sea lions cavort on a small beach directly in front of the property, and day-trip boats leave from a dock that's no more than a three-minute stroll away. Book the corner suite, which features a living-room bathtub and glass walls that slide open to eliminate all barriers between you and the nature outside. Meanwhile, the Angermeyer Waterfront Inn is right on Puerto Ayora on Santa Cruz Island. The hotel's newest room has been cleverly fashioned inside a beached wooden boat.

Or, book a hotel that owns and operates its own boats to ensure a seamless standard of service and the most practical and convenient itineraries. For example, the unparalleled Pikaia Lodge , located in the highlands of Santa Cruz Island, has its own boat that is used exclusively for guests on packages that include land and sea adventures.

The Finch Bay Galapagos Hotel , set in Puerto Ayora on Santa Cruz Island, also has its own yacht, dubbed the Sea Lion . This vessel can hold up to 20 passengers plus two guides (many other day-trip boats carry 16 passengers and have just one guide). Sea Lion itineraries also encompass all five islands that day-trip boats are allowed to visit.

Last-minute deals are sometimes available for travelers who can afford to spend a few days searching for sales after arriving. However, the Galápagos Islands are a major tourist destination, so it's advisable to book well in advance. Dive boats, in particular, tend to fill up fast because there are so few of them.

If you are spending the night in Quito or Guayaquil, there are a few nice hotels that we also recommend checking out. In Quito, Casa Gangotena , on Plaza San Francisco in the heart of the capital's colonial center, is the best hotel in Ecuador, combining history, style, and service. Another top option is Illa Experience Hotel , a 10-room boutique hotel in the city's central San Marcos neighborhood. The property sits in a renovated mansion, and each floor presents different decor, including colonial, republic, and contemporary styles. In Guayaquil, Hotel del Parque , located in the city's leafy Parque Histórico, is a sophisticated boutique property with 44 rooms. The restored building dates back to 1891, and houses a spa where you can book a massage in a repurposed church bell tower.

Best Restaurants

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As you can imagine, the seafood in the Galápagos Islands is extremely fresh and the islands have many fine dining establishments to cater to hungry visitors. You'll find a range of dining options across all the islands' main hubs, many of which are associated with hotels, such as the Finch Bay Restaurant in Santa Cruz, which blends local Ecuadorian cuisine with international style. Another popular restaurant is the FraFre GastroBar , where the fish is served with a regional flair that's popular among locals and tourists. You'll also find more casual eateries like the humorously named Booby Trap that serves up fish tacos and pizza on Isabela Island alongside wonderful oceanfront views.

If you are looking for a memorable meal in Quito, Zazu is the only Relais & Châteaux restaurant in Ecuador. For a more casual experience, head to sibling restaurant Zfood , where a Hamptons-style fish-shack vibe is replicated perfectly and seafood reigns supreme. At Urko , chef/owner Daniel Maldonado stays focused on showcasing Ecuadorian ingredients and flavors. Go for the tasting menu to get a full sense of what he calls cocina local .

Things to Do

Getty Images/Layne Kennedy

Aside from observing the fabulous animals above and below the water, you can incorporate many other striking landscapes into your adventures. If you want to island-hop, you can coordinate visits to these sites yourself, but if you're on a cruise you may have to follow the pre-planned itinerary.

Throughout the islands you can enjoy the white sands of beaches like Tortuga Bay and Puerto Villamil, or take the adventurous route for a hike to the top of the Sierra Negra Volcano, an active shield volcano that last erupted in 2018, providing a dazzling show for offshore boaters. For something more tame, you can pay your respects at the Charles Darwin Research Station in Puerto Ayora, which has been used as a scientific base since 1964. Visitors can access the exhibition hall, gardens, and public library.

Best Islands to Visit

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There are 127 islands that make up this tropical archipelago, but only about 20 are frequently visited by tourists, and only four have major populations. Isabela Island is the largest of these, but despite its size, it has fewer people than Santa Cruz, which is the most populated island with approximately 12,000 inhabitants between the towns of Puerto Ayora and Santa Rosa. When you fly into the Galápagos, you will most likely arrive through Baltra Island, which is separated from Santa Cruz by a short ferry ride. Meanwhile, the province's capital is located on San Cristobal Island.

Booking a live-aboard boat trip will give you more opportunities to see the many different islands that make up these enchanted isles. However, if a particular attraction or animal captures your attention, you may want to seek out specific sites like Bartolomé Island, known for its volcanic rock formations like Pinnacle Rock, and Española Island, where you'll find the nesting sites of the waved albatross at Punta Suarez. If you're interested in the history of human discovery, Floreana Island was the first to be visited by people. Here, you can hear the stories of the many seamen who rolled into these waters and learn about the fascinating postal system they set up using a simple wooden barrel. Bird-watchers are especially fond of Genovesa Island, where frigatebirds and red-footed boobies are frequently spotted. For Galápagos penguins and flightless cormorants, the sparsely vegetated Fernandina Island is another popular spot.

Packing Tips

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A trip to the Galápagos is a big adventure, so you should come prepared with the right clothes and tools to face the elements. It may be tough to find what you need once you arrive on the islands — especially if you are spending most of your time at sea — so we've broken it down into essential categories and created a packing list to get you started.

Basic supplies are available at small shops on both San Cristóbal and Santa Cruz islands, but prices are high and the selection is limited. It's best to have the essentials with you. These include sturdy closed-toe walking shoes with durable soles. Although land excursions are generally short and trails tame, you may be walking over jagged volcanic rock and other obstacles from time to time. However, you will also want sandals or flip-flops to wear in towns and on boats. Leave the heels at home, especially if you've booked a boat-based itinerary. Even the most luxurious boats have narrow, steep stairways that are nearly impossible to navigate safely (or gracefully) in heels.

You'll also be glad to have rain gear and good weather protection for your camera. You will be traveling on boats and in dinghies, and rain showers can occur at any time. If you're exploring an island when wet weather rolls in, there will be no place to shelter out of the rain.

Health and Comfort

Stock up on lots of insect repellant and water-resistant, high-SPF sunscreen. As you might have guessed Ecuador is on the equator, which magnifies the strength of the rays, and most Galápagos excursions are completely exposed to the sun. We also recommend purchasing reef-safe sunscreen to help protect the coral, animals, and waters around the islands. A hat with a brim for sun protection during land excursions is also recommended. If you're planning to participate in kayaking and snorkeling excursions, a rash guard is also useful for sun protection. When water temperatures are colder, a wet suit will be provided. If you have fins, a mask, and a snorkel that you love, bring them with you. Snorkeling gear is provided, but the quality and cleanliness vary.

Seas are generally calm, and boat captains take great care in choosing protected anchoring spots. However, if you're prone to motion sickness, bring some Dramamine with you. Prescription preventions like scopolamine patches work well, too. Note that scopolamine is generally not available for sale in Latin America. Bring a reusable water bottle , so you can fill it up for day-long excursions and reduce your plastic waste.

There are ATMs on Santa Cruz and San Cristóbal islands, but they can run out of cash, so bring some with you to cover tips. Credit cards are also often accepted at shops and restaurants. The official currency of Ecuador is the U.S. dollar.

What Not to Bring

The introduction of non-native plant species is considered a top environmental threat to the Galápagos Islands, so do not bring any fruits, vegetables, or plants of any kind with you. Anything that might have seeds or spores clinging to it, such as the soles of your shoes and any outdoor gear or camping equipment, should be washed and inspected thoroughly before being brought to the islands. The threat of invasive plant species is so great that visitors arriving in the Galápagos have to sign an affidavit swearing that they're not bringing in any food, animals, seeds, or dirty camping gear.

In 2012, Ecuador's then-president Rafael Correa abolished fees at national parks and reserves in the country. However, Galápagos National Park was not part of that exemption and still requires a $100 entrance fee per person, which is payable only in cash upon arrival at either airport in the Galápagos Islands. In addition, each visitor must buy a $20 transit card, which is also payable only in cash at the airport. The transit card is a measure of immigration control, so all visitors must purchase one at the airport when they arrive and return it when they leave. If you are booked on a tour, your tour operator might take care of this for you, but it's better to ask ahead of time.

Before Visiting the Galápagos Islands

With the anticipation building for your trip, you may be looking for books and movies to get into the spirit of an adventuring naturalist. Here are some of our recommendations of what to read and watch to prepare for your trip.

• My Father's Island by Johanna Angermeyer: Published in 1998, this book provides an account of the author's German ancestors, who were among the first to settle on Santa Cruz Island. Their challenges and triumphs are humbling, offering valuable perspectives on the Galápagos. Members of the Angermeyer family still live on Santa Cruz Island, where they run the Angermeyer Waterfront Inn.
• The Galapagos Affair: Satan Came to Eden: Released in 2013, this documentary cleverly splices video footage, letters, and other archival material to recount a real-life murder mystery involving a self-proclaimed baroness, her lovers, and other settlers on Floreana Island in the 1930s. Cate Blanchett narrates one of the main characters.
• On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin: This classic and its author will be referenced repeatedly during your time in the Galápagos. Read up on Darwin's seminal theory of evolution, which was inspired, in part, by observations he made in the archipelago.

ENCYCLOPEDIC ENTRY

Galápagos islands.

The Galápagos Islands are a chain of islands in the Pacific Ocean best known for their impressive array of plant and animal species.

Biology, Ecology

Marine Iguana

A marine iguana sits next to a crab on a stony lava coast in the Galapagos Islands.

Photograph by iStock/Getty Images Plus

The Galápagos Islands are a chain of islands, or archipelago , in the eastern Pacific Ocean. They are part of the country of Ecuador, in South America. The Galápagos lie about 966 kilometers (600 miles) off of the Ecuadorian coast .

There are thirteen major islands and a handful of smaller islands that make up the Galápagos archipelago. The largest of the islands is called Isabela. It is approximately 129 kilometers (80 miles) long. Repeated volcanic eruptions helped to form the rugged mountain landscape of the Galápagos Islands.

The Galápagos are best known for their diverse array of plant and animal species . Many species are endemic , which means they are not found anywhere else in the world. These include the giant Galápagos tortoise ( Chelonoidis nigra ), the marine  iguana ( Amblyrhynchus cristatus ), the flightless cormorant ( Phalacrocoraz harrisi ), and the Galápagos penguin. The Galápagos penguin ( Spheniscus mendiculus ) is the only penguin species to live in the Northern Hemisphere.

Environmental conditions make the Galápagos a unique island ecosystem . The Galápagos Islands are located near the equator, yet they receive cool ocean currents . This makes for a strange mix of tropical and temperate climates. For most of their history, the islands have been extremely isolated . This combination of factors created a laboratory for the evolution of an unusual mix of plant and animal species .

Scientists have studied this complex ecosystem for more than 180 years. British naturalist Charles Darwin may be the most influential scientist to have visited the Galápagos Islands. Darwin first came to the Galápagos in 1835, on a ship called the HMS Beagle . His observations of wildlife on the island inspired his theory of evolution by natural selection .

Today, scientists study the archipelago ’s aquatic ecosystems as well. For example, marine ecologist  Salome Ursula Burglass works to identify and describe the plant and animal species living on and around the underwater, deep-sea volcanoes , or seamounts , in the Galápagos.

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Related Resources

Galapagos Islands

• 1.1 Climate
• 2 The islands and towns
• 3.1.1 Step-by-step procedures at Quito airport
• 3.2 By boat
• 4.1.1 Budget
• 4.1.2 Mid-range
• 4.1.3 Splurge
• 4.2 Land-based tours
• 6.1 Cruises
• 6.2 Snorkeling and scuba diving
• 6.3 Fishing
• 6.6 Surfing
• 6.7 Volunteering
• 6.8 Kayaking
• 6.9 Horseback riding
• 8 Stay safe

The Galapagos Islands are a small archipelago of islands belonging to Ecuador in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The islands are quite remote and isolated, lying some 1000 km (620 miles) west of the South American continent, and the archipelago is bisected by the equator. The Galapagos archipelago consists of 13 main islands and 6 smaller isles, which together embrace some 50,000 km 2 (19,500 sq mi) of ocean.

The Galapagos Islands is also one of the world's first UNESCO World Heritage Sites .

Understand [ edit ]

The Galápagos archipelago is world-renowned for its unique and fearless wildlife , much of which was inspiration for Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection. The islands are therefore very popular amongst natural historians, both professional and amateur. Giant tortoises, sea lions, penguins, marine iguanas and different bird species can all be seen and approached. The landscape of the islands is relatively barren and volcanic, but beautiful nonetheless. The highest mountain amongst the islands is Volcán Wolf on Isla Isabela , 1,707 m (5,600 ft) high.

The Galápagos are an expensive and time-consuming destination, due to remoteness and need to use boats for travel within the archipelago. A tour of the main attractions takes over a week of a ship-based cruise, and getting to and from the Galápagos takes two travel days from most of the world (often with one day in mainland Ecuador, especially on the way in). Given the travel time, a week-long cruise (8 days/7 nights in the Galápagos) is a good sweet spot, which covers most, but not all, of the main attractions (cruises can visit 2 out of 3 of north/south/west islands in a week). Longer visits cover all main attractions, and 2 weeks is plenty, but is quite long and expensive. Shorter visits (5 days/4 nights) or land-based visits are cheaper but quite limited, and risk being disappointing; if time or budget allow, consider longer. It is hard to visit (including travel) for under USD $1000/1 week per person, and $2000/1.5 weeks is a more reasonable minimum, and $4000 is a mid-range price.

The Galápagos were claimed by the newly independent Ecuador in 1832, a mere three years before Darwin's visit on the HMS Beagle . During the 19th and early 20th centuries, the islands were inhabited by very few settlers and were used as a penal colony, the last of which closed in 1959 when the islands were declared a national park. The Galapagos were subsequently listed as a World Heritage Site in 1978.

Strict controls on tourist access are maintained in an effort to protect the natural habitats, and all visitors must be accompanied by a national park-certified naturalist tour guide.

Climate [ edit ]

The Galapagos Islands have a highly variable climate, as does Ecuador's mainland. There are two seasons in the islands: the hot/rainy season from December to June, and the cooler season from June to November.

In the hot season, from December to June, the humidity is high, and the average temperatures are in the 80s F (26°-30°C). There may be occasional showers, but the days are generally warm and sunny.

In the cooler season, from June to November, you can expect cool winds, occasionally bringing with them a light misty-type drizzle called "garúa." Temperatures average in the 70s °F (20–24°C) during the day and lower at night.

Each month brings unique climate variations and wildlife viewing opportunities. Peak season for naturalist tours is typically December through May when the seas are the calmest and the weather the warmest. However summer months June, July and August are also very popular as the animals are more active. September through November is typically low season when most boats will leave the islands for dry dock. For divers peak season is from July to November, when whale sharks can be found at Wolf & Darwin.

The islands and towns [ edit ]

• Baltra – an airport, Seymour Airport ( GPS  IATA ), and military base
• Darwin & Wolf
• -0.956667 -90.9675 1 Puerto Villamil
• North Seymour
• Pinta – The most famous resident was Lonesome George, a tortoise found on the island that was believed to be the last of his subspecies. Lonesome George was moved to the Darwin Research Centre on Santa Cruz in the hopes that a mate might be found, but sadly the subspecies died with him in 2012. Tourists are not allowed to visit Pinta; it is only open to scientists.
• Pinzon – also known as Duncan Island
• -0.9025 -89.609167 2 Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
• -0.744444 -90.313889 3 Puerto Ayora
• South Plaza

Get in [ edit ]

Visiting the Galapagos is not cheap, owing to travel restrictions and the remote nature of the archipelago. The only way to get in the islands from the mainland by plane is from Guayaquil or Quito airports. Flights generally travel to the Galapagos in the morning and return to the mainland in the afternoon. This generally requires an overnight stay in mainland Ecuador on arrival, and another stay or late night flight on departure.

By plane [ edit ]

Flights to the Galapagos are relatively easy to arrange and depart from Quito and Guayaquil on a daily basis for the Isla Baltra Airport , about an hour by taxi and ferry from Puerto Ayora (the main settlement of the Galapagos) on the central island of Santa Cruz. There are also daily flights to San Cristóbal . The airport is a 20-minute walk (5-minute taxi) from the center of Puerto Baquerizo Moreno , and lies within the town.

Flights from Guayaquil are slightly less expensive than from Quito; however, there is more availability from Quito as there are typically two flights a day from Quito and only one from Guayaquil.

Avianca and LATAM Airlines have flights to the Galapagos. The price varies a bit between companies, for foreigners around US$ 457 from Quito in low season, or $505–512 in high season (July, August and December) and less from Guayaquil , $419 low season to $522 in high season. Ecuadorians pay almost half the price and there is a 20% discount on Aerogal flights if you have an ISIC studentcard.

Inter-island flights are available from EMETEBE Airlines , which operates nine seater aircraft to transport passengers and their luggage from San Cristobal Airport to Isabela, Santa Cruz and Baltra islands. Bookings can be done directly through EMETEBE's website or a travel agent.

Step-by-step procedures at Quito airport [ edit ]

Procedure for flying from Quito airport to Galapagos.

• Flights depart from the domestic area of the terminal - near Check in Area A.
• Before going to check in desk, you'll see an office to your right with the Galapagos National Park sign. Here you will pay a $20 fee and get a "visa" (INGALA card) for Galapagos. There is a separate $100 park entrance fee to pay when you land in Galapagos. Only cash is accepted. The visa is required to get through the destination airport in Galapagos, it is perforated two-piece document with a large QR code on each half. In the event that you board without it, if you push, they will issue it on the islands.
• They will direct you to a baggage check, where your bag will be scanned and sealed.
• Now you proceed to the ticket counter with the paper that you were issued.
• Then go through security.
• Signage is clear. The terminal is shiny. Announcements are in Spanish and English.

By boat [ edit ]

Private yachts can arrive into any of the five ports in Galapagos while in transit and remain at that port for a maximum of 21 days. Boats wishing to visit more than one site or cruise the islands may do so but only by special permit from the national park and by working with a licensed yacht agency.

There are cargo boats that travel to the Galapagos each week. However, these boats are not allowed to take travelers on board.

Get around [ edit ]

Seeing the sites and wildlife of the Galapagos is best done by boat, just as Charles Darwin did it in 1835. Over 60 cruise ships ply the Galapagos waters - ranging in size from 8 to 100 passengers. Most people book their place well in advance (as the boats are usually full during the high season). Be sure the agent through whom you book is a Galapagos specialist with a good knowledge of a wide variety of ships. This will ensure that your particular interests and/or constraints are matched with the ship most suitable to them.

There are a lot of companies that can book accommodation on a Galapagos tour either in Puerto Ayora or from Guayaquil or Quito . While it is possible to get a last-minute deal, be aware that many budget tours may spend extra time in Puerto Ayora, might not have the best boats, and may only visit the inner islands. Last minute 4-day cruises can be organized in Puerto Ayora for $400–1800. The widely used GalapagosCruiseLinks site can give you an idea of last-minute prices for a range of ships sailing within the next 90 days.

When looking for a tour consider the following:

• Number of passengers . The national park restricts the size of the boats allowed to cruise the islands, with some islands such as Genovesa being limited to boats with no more than forty passengers. Though the maximum size boat permitted to cruise the islands is 100 passengers, as you might imagine 100 people showing up on a beach all at the same time can be overwhelming to the local wildlife. All passengers will be divided up into a maximum group size of 16 passengers per naturalist guide. Therefore it is generally best to travel on a boat with fewer passengers (between 16 and 32 passengers is ideal).
• Itinerary . The National Park sets all of the cruise itineraries. Each itinerary is designed to have a mixture of habitats and show case the diversity of the islands by combining the Southern Espanola and Floreana , Central, Western Fernandina , Isabela or Northern Genovesa Islands. Most boats will visit 2 or 3 of these areas during a week.
• Availability . Most of the best cruises are booked up months in advance, so best to book early. The last 2 weeks of December are often booked solid a year in advance on many ships, while few ships sail at full capacity during the first two weeks of December.
• Level of activity . Visits to the islands are only permitted during the twelve hours of daylight 06:00-18:00. Typically a cruise will have two excursions each day, a morning and an afternoon that will be a combination of shore and water excursions. Walks are generally at a slow pace offering plenty of time for interpretation and photos. The landings may be slippery and some trails can be rocky, which makes them difficult for people with mobility or balance problems, but in general the walks are easy. Water excursions may include snorkeling, kayaking, panga rides (rides in local dinghies), and rides in a glass-bottom boat, depending on your cruise. Life under the water is more diverse than that on shore and snorkeling with sea lions is frequently the highlight of the trip for many visitors.
• Additional costs . Many tours do not include the $100 park entry fee or the cost of a flight from the mainland to the islands (about $500 from Quito), and a $20 INGALA Tourist Control Card. Less expensive boats may also charge for beverages, use of snorkel equipment, wetsuits and kayaks.
• Time spent in the islands . The cruise length includes the day you arrive and the day you depart the Galapagos. Flights typically arrive the islands around noon time or in the early afternoon and leave the islands about the same time. On your first day you will typically have one excursion, and on the day you leave you may or may not have an excursion. In addition, all eight-day cruises are required to visit the town of Puerto Ayora and the Charles Darwin Research Station on Santa Cruz. Many itineraries will combine this day with a visit to see the tortoises in the wild in the highlands of Santa Cruz. Shorter cruises will take advantage of the close proximity of the Baltra airport to Puerto Ayora and let passengers who boarded the cruise in San Cristobal leave the cruise in Santa Cruz or vice versa.
• Type of boat . Quality of boats varies widely. Less-expensive tours use boats that may not be capable of traveling as quickly between islands, be as comfortable, or be as well-maintained. You generally get what you pay for.

While the majority of the islands will be off-limits without a guide, it is possible to travel via speed boat between the towns on San Cristóbal, Santa Cruz and Isla Isabela. Trips to Floreana can also be arranged. Speed boats cost $30 one-way, or $50 both ways with an open return date. Each of these islands offers the possibility of joining organized local daytrips or of traveling on your own while within the town limits.

Hotels and hostels are available on each of these islands from $10–500, while hotels along the water are generally full especially in Santa Cruz. During peak season (Christmas & Easter weeks) as well as during special events, all hotels are frequently sold out well in advance. However, if you are traveling at other times of the year, you may be able to find availability by just showing up.

From Santa Cruz it is possible to book day trips to the uninhabited islands of North Seymour, South Plazas , Santa Fe and Bartolome. Advance reservations are normally required; however, on occasion you can find space due to a last-minute cancellation the night before.

Budget [ edit ]

• Aida Maria Travel . Owns 2 Galapagos cruise boats - Aida Maria and Eden - that offer from 4- to 15-day cruises in the Galapagos. They are Galapagos locals and have been offering Galapagos tours since the early 1960s. From $150 per day . ( updated Mar 2023 )
• The Galapagos Tours . Galapagos cruises on Galaven II motor yacht (tourist class), Xavier motor yacht (first class) and Queen Beatriz Catamaran (luxury) with 5-, 6-, and even 7-day itineraries in the Galapagos. From $875 5-day/4-night to $1,186 . ( updated Mar 2023 )
• Galasam Cruises , ☏ +593 4 3810920 , [email protected] . Galasam owns 4 Galapagos cruises - Stella Maris of Galapagos, Majestic Explorer, Humboldt Explorer, Grand Majestic of Galapagos - with 4- to 8-day itineraries in the Galapagos. From $150 per day . ( updated Dec 2018 )
• Tierra de Fuego Agency , Amazonas N2323 y Veintimilla , ☏ +593 2 561104 , toll-free: +1 8556070477 , [email protected] . 09:00-18:00 . Tierra de Fuego owns 1 Galapagos cruise - Guantamamera - with 4- to 8-day itineraries in the Galapagos. From $149 per day .  

Mid-range [ edit ]

• Adventure Life . Recognized by National Geographic Adventure as one of the "Best Adventure Travel Companies on Earth", Adventure Life provides land-based hiking trips, eco-hotels and multisport tours that include sea-kayaking, biking, horseback-riding, hiking volcanoes and snorkeling. They also offer traditional Galapagos cruises.  
• AdventureSmith Explorations , toll-free: 800-728-2875 . Small ship cruise specialists representing over 25 vessels carrying 12-100 guests on 3-14 night cruise itineraries. Full service agency offers custom land arrangements, charters and special offers.  
• Cultural & Natural Heritage Tours ( CNH Tours ), ☏ +1 613-740-1104 , [email protected] . Run by TripAdvisor's Galapagos Destination Expert Heather Blenkiron, this company's specialty is a 13-day "active" trip that includes flights from Quito, 8 days cruising the islands, 2 full days on land in Puerto Ayora, and one full day in Quito. CNH Tours uses the 14-passenger Samba. They also organize custom trips and charters for independent travelers on a variety of other quality ships. ( updated Mar 2017 )
• Enchanted Expeditions ( formerly Angermeyer's Enchanted Expeditions ). Enchanted Expeditions is in its fourth decade of operating tours in Galapagos using their own yachts, M/Y Beluga (Superior First Class) and M/Y Cachalote Explorer (First Class). They are Smart Voyager certified, offering 16 small guest cruises that concentrate on exploring nature. They sometimes have very good deals for their standard tours of the Galapagos and also do tours of mainland Ecuador.  
• Explorers' Corner . Offers sea cruises with optional kayaking, snorkeling and hiking excursions.  
• Galanet , ☏ +593 42 340 315 . Operates the 16-passenger Daphne yacht.  
• Galapagos Legend . Operates the 100-passenger Galapagos Legend, one of the larger boats operating in the islands. Landing opportunities are limited due to the large number of passengers, but this ship offers a less-expensive way to visit some of the more popular sites within the Galapagos. Often offers discounted rates.  
• -0.19892 -78.48712 1 LatinTour Nemo Galapagos ( Nemo Galapagos ), Diego de Almagro 26-205 y la Niña, Quito , ☏ +593 22508800 , toll-free: +1 305 848 7326 , [email protected] . 09:00-18:00 . Established in 1985. Owner and direct operator of first class catamaran boats Nemo II and Nemo III. Offers 4, 5 and 8-day all-inclusive cruises/tours to Galapagos Islands. Price varies .  
• M/V Galapagos Explorer II . Along with the Galapagos Legend, this is the other 100-person boat that operates in the islands. While most small landing sites are unavailable to this boat, it does provide a less-expensive alternative for seeing some popular destinations within the Galapagos. Often offers discounted rates.  
• Red Mangrove Galapagos Lodges . This company owns three lodges on Santa Cruz, Floreana and Isabela and offers a "Darwin's Triangle" adventure program. Camping options on Santa Cruz and Isabela. They also offer an island-hopping scuba diving program, the "Dive Triangle".  
• ROW Adventures . Awarded "Tours of a Lifetime" by National Geographic, this company allows two nights' camping on the islands as part of the journey. Snorkeling, hiking, kayaking and swimming are all part of the trip.  
• SharkSky Ecoadventures Galapagos . Offers regular island hopping, but also multisport, adventure, camping, dive tours and tailor-made tours.  
• Humboldt Explorer of Galapagos , Av. 9 de Octubre 424, Grand Pasaje Building, Ground Floor, Office 9, Guayaquil - Ecuador , ☏ +593 999172235 , [email protected] . The Humboldt Explorer comfortably accommodates 16 passengers in 8 air-conditioned rooms, all of which have private bath and shower facilities. Many of their trips have a diving focus. ( updated Dec 2018 )
• Voyagers Travel Company , Av. 3era Transversal 144, Sangolqui - Ecuador , ☏ +593 99 921 9261 , toll-free: +1 866-725-3255 , [email protected] . Voyagers has been assisting travelers for 17 years in crafting a personalized Galapagos vacation, be it hotel based combining day tours with diving excursions or live-aboard cruises, the company offers online bookings through its website and a downloadable app, moreover maintains a complete database of all yachts that offer trips around the islands.  

Splurge [ edit ]

• Haugan Cruises , Sonelsa Tower 6th floor, Foch 265 and 6 de Diciembre Avenue. Quito , ☏ +593 98 308 5546 , +593 99 924 4769 , +593 98 745 1907 , toll-free: +593 98 745 1907 , [email protected] . 08:30-18:30 . The fleet consists of the two newest luxury catamarans in the Galapagos, Cormorant and Ocean Spray. Both yachts have private balconies in each cabin, with huge sun decks, comfortable lounge areas and a Jacuzzi. Aboard the Cormorant, suites and interconnected cabins are available. Kayaks, wet suits and snorkeling gear are included in the cruise rates. The food is prepared by a professional chef who prepares gourmet fine dining, buffet style and barbecue meals. All guides are Galapagos National Park certified, having accomplished level 3 certifications, all of them are bilingual and have extensive experience in the Galapagos Islands. Within the itineraries the best visitor points are included within 4-, 5-, 6-, 8- and 15-day cruises. Ocean Spray prices begin at $2,455 for a 4-day cruise. Cormorant prices begin at $2,455 for a 4 day cruise. .   listing
• Latin Trails Isla Espanola #144, San Rafael, Quito ☏+59322867377 , [email protected] A small fleet of two 16 guest boats, 1 of them is a first class catamaran, the Galapagos Seaman Journey, oceanview cabins, private facilities indoor and outdoor dining, sun deck and value priced, cruises start at $2159 for 4 days. The other yacht the company runs is the Galapagos Sea Star Journey, a more upmarket yacht and 3 times winner of the World Travel Awards accolade as best boutique cruise in South America, the yacht has 8 suites, connecting cabins, 2 hot tubs and day beds on the sun deck, alfresco and indoor dining, only small yacht with a glass bottom zodiac, 8 twin kayaks for exploration, pricing is not exaggerated, starting at $3399 for 5 days. Between both yachts there is the possibility to choose from 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11 and 14 night cruises. Finally they operate a 12 passenger day trip boat called the Hopper, a small catamaran that offers day tours from San Cristobal island visiting Punta Pitt, Kicker Rock and Espanola island, the boat also has diving facilities.
• Cheeseman's Ecology Safaris . An American company that specializes in in-depth nature trips featuring the maximum time in the field. Cheesemans' trips will always include at least one top-notch naturalist and are geared towards photographers and wildlife lovers. All of Cheesemans' trips are non-smoking, and most Galapagos trips last 18 days. From $5,200, not including park entry fee or airfare to Baltra .  
• Natural Habitat Adventures . The official travel provider for World Wildlife Fund, this American company specializes in both land- and ship-based Galapagos Island Tours. They guarantee that each trip will take place, no matter how many people are booked. Tours from $5,200 for an 8-night land tour or cruise .  
• Galapagos Odyssey yacht . The Galapagos Odyssey is a luxury class yacht built in Guayaquil by artisans. The Galapagos Odyssey offers 3-, 4- and 7-night cruises visiting a variety of National Park sites always in company of a naturalist guide. From $2200 for a 3-night cruise .  
• Galapagos Travel (US) . An American company that specializes in 11- and 15-day trips around the islands. This company caters to photographers and provides service in luxury-class yachts with extensive itineraries. From $5,200, not including park entry fee or airfare to Baltra .  
• Galapagos Travel (Ecuador) . Ecuador-based tour operator offering 3-, 4- and 7-night cruises natural history tours that sail to the less visited excursion sites in the archipelago on board the luxury catamaran M/C Anahi. Cruises feature a Galapagos Park guide, cruise director and 11 crew members.  
• INCA ( International Nature & Cultural Adventures ). INCA is an American company with unique itineraries on the luxury, 16-passenger small yachts M/V Integrity and M/V Reina Silvia. All INCA Galapagos adventures feature 7-night cruises including outlying islands, and most include stays at the Royal Palm Resort on Santa Cruz. Private trips available on either yacht. Options for Amazon, Otavalo and Machu Picchu. From $3,995, not including park fee and airfare. .  
• Metropolitan Touring , ☏ +593 22988312 , toll-free: +1 888 5720166 , [email protected] . Tour operator in Ecuador since 1953. The company owns #3 cruises Santa Cruz II, Yacht Isabela II and Yacht La Pinta with different itineraries to visit the Central, Northern and Southern Galapagos islands. From $2,955 for 4-day cruise. .  
• SunWind Travel . An Ecuadorian company with offices in Galapagos, Quito and Florida. SWT charter fine yachts and arrange high-quality cruises. Owners are level III naturalist guides with more than 20 years of experience. From $3,165 and include 7-night cruising, 3-night accommodation in Quito, à la carte welcome and farewell dinner, an all-day tour of Quito and private transfers. Entry fee and flight to/from Galapagos not included .  
• Stella Maris of Galapagos , Av. 9 de Octubre 424, Grand Pasaje Building, Ground Floor, Office 9, Guayaquil - Ecuador , ☏ +593 4 3810920 , [email protected] . Stella Maris of Galapagos is a luxurious yacht to charter in the enchanted Galapagos Islands. Offers itineraries of 8 days 7 nights. ( updated Dec 2018 )

Land-based tours [ edit ]

Ship-based trips to Galapagos are considered to be the optimal way of getting out and about in the archipelago, allowing you to maximize your exposure to what the islands are famous for. Land-based tours have grown dramatically since the early 1990s when very few tourists came to Galapagos without taking a cruise. In 2017 while approximately 72,000 people enjoyed a cruise every year, over 150,000 land-based visitors came to the islands on island-hopping trips. Land-based visitors trade off the opportunity to travel around to remote parts of the archipelago and the convenience of waking up at a new destination every day, for the cheaper cost. While ship-based tourism is strictly regulated, with a cap on the total number of ship-based beds available, land-based tourism is unregulated. Between 2009 and 2015, it grew at an annual rate of 14%. More and more agencies are offering organized island-hopping land-based trips - these are easily found on-line. Some visitors opt for a self-guided trip, booking their accommodations and day excursions directly.

See [ edit ]

At many national park locations and all uninhabited islands, the number of visitors are limited, and there are only a few official landing and visitor sites. You must follow the instructions of your guide to protect the wildlife and you are not allowed off the marked paths. This is not a problem as the animals are so tame they will sit right on the path or cross it without caring about mere tourists.

The Charles Darwin Foundation administers several research stations throughout the islands, including a large station in Puerto Ayora that is worth visiting for its animal and natural history exhibits, the Galapagos Interpretation Center in Puerto Baquerizo Moreno and the Tortoise Breeding Center are the most interesting of the breeding centers in Puerto Villamil .

Do [ edit ]

Cruises [ edit ].

Cruises are the only option to see the majority of remote islands. All cruise ships are required to have a certified naturalist guide. Each cruise ships has a fixed itinerary for the year which is set by the Galapagos National Park, with the purpose being to control the number of tourists arriving at any time on each island. Cruises are available in 2-, 4-, 5-, 8- and 15-day options. The following is a list of typical sights:

• Climb the hill on Bartolome for the classic Galapagos view
• Visit the Giant Tortoise breeding and rearing program at the Charles Darwin Research Center on Santa Cruz .
• See the red neck sacks of the Magnificent Frigatebird on North Seymour or El Junco, San Cristobal .
• Visit unique species like the Galapagos penguins on Isabela or Floreana .
• Go snorkeling with sea lions and pacific sea turtles.

Snorkeling and scuba diving [ edit ]

Snorkeling and diving are very popular activities as the sea life is so rich and colourful.

Snorkeling equipment should be available from your tour operator (but check first) if you don't have your own. You may also want to bring a waterproof camera. Remember to wear at least a T-shirt and sunblock if you are snorkeling, as it's all too easy to get sunburnt in the strong sun. Snorkeling offers a way to be in the water with fish, sea turtles, sea lions, and other creatures and is a great option for those who don't have scuba certification. The islands that are older (further to the west) often have cold temperatures. Wetsuits can be rented at the same locations as snorkeling equipment.

Diving in the Galapagos is incredible, as noted by Rodale's Scuba Diving Magazine . Darwin and Wolf Islands have been ranked as the best dive destination in the world for several years in the categories of healthiest marine environment, best big animal dive and best advanced diving. That said, the Galapagos is not necessarily the right place for beginners or novices. Currents, surge, cold water, and sometimes poor visibility and depths make this a challenge. Certification courses are available in both Santa Cruz and San Cristobal for those looking to learn, and there are several dive sites that are relatively beginner-friendly.

There are 2 ways to dive in the Galapagos Islands:

• Daily dives with a local tour operator from Santa Cruz, Isabela and San Cristobal.
• Galapagos liveaboards. Only liveaboards reach Darwin and Wolf. These 2 sites are the reason most divers come to Galapagos.

Two of the world's premier diving destinations, Darwin Island and Wolf Island, are accessible only via live-aboard cruises. These islands present challenging currents and are not suitable for beginners, but offer amazing opportunities to see huge schools of hammerhead sharks, Galapagos sharks, Silky sharks and whale sharks in season (July-Nov), in addition to other pelagic life like giant mantas, eagle rays, sting rays, huge schools of jack and tuna, sea turtles, sea lions and more.

Park regulations may change unexpectedly. In 2007, many divers were caught unaware as the National Park withdrew diving permits from quite a few cruise ships without notice, leaving many divers without dive cruises they had booked far in advance. For this reason, travellers are advised to get the most up-to-date information possible when planning a dive trip to the Galapagos Islands. In 2010, the National Park began regulating land-based diving, and few of the many shops operating had the necessary permits. It is best to ask if an operator has a dive permit, otherwise you may be turned back by Park Rangers and not permitted to dive. In 2011, the National Park stopped allowing dive live-aboards to offer land visits, except for the Highlands of Santa Cruz, which is on all itineraries.

Fishing [ edit ]

You can fish in the Reserve, for marlin, tuna, wahoo and many other species but only if you are using an operator and boat that have the requisite Artisanal Vivencial Fishing licences issued by the Galapagos National Park. "Sport Fishing", as such, is prohibited. The Galapagos National Park publishes a list of Vivencial Fishing licence-holders and their boats, but they do not keep the list up to date.

When Vivencial Fishing, you can keep a limited quantity of fish for personal consumption but all marlin must be released unharmed.

Vivencial Fishing was conceived with the purpose of providing local fishermen with an ecologically sustainable alternative to commercial fishing. However, there is constant pressure, both political and commercial, to legalize sport fishing and open the market to better financed and better connected outsiders.

Hiking [ edit ]

Hiking is often included as part of organized cruises or tours of the highlands. Although you will often see fewer animals during these tours, you will often gain a greater understanding of the difference in terrain and vegetation as well as the formation of the islands. Hiking is restricted in all National Park land; however, several sights, like the Wall of Tears on Isabela and Cerro Tijeras on San Cristobal can be hiked independently. The rules are that a guide must accompany all groups of more than eight people in the National Park.

Biking [ edit ]

Biking provides quicker access to far sites from the ports. Bike rentals are available on Isabela , San Cristobal and Santa Cruz for around $15 per day.

Surfing [ edit ]

The Galapagos provides some good waves and many locals make it a daily activity. Boards can be rented by the day or month at port towns. In general sites are marked with a place to rest surf boards as to not damage the land. The following are beaches that allow surfing:

• Punta Carola, San Cristobal
• La Loberia, San Cristobal
• Tongo Reef, San Cristobal
• Tortuga Bay, Santa Cruz
• Playa Ratonera, Santa Cruz
• Isabela has a more continuous sandy shoreline that provides open surfing, larger waves are at the end of the road that follows the beach in the opposite side of the port
• The Galapagos Surf Co . The only surf travel company in the Galapagos. Waves are available not only in San Cristobal with north swell, but also in Santa Cruz and Isabela islands as well.  

Volunteering [ edit ]

To minimize the impact of sightseeing on the unique ecosystem and mitigate issues with introduced species, several organizations provide conservation-based volunteering.

• Hacienda Tranquila works on environmental, community and social issues. Volunteers stay on the grounds and cook for themselves. The hacienda is owned and managed by locals.
• Hacienda Esperanza works to conserve the environment and promote sustainable technologies. Volunteers are provided room and board as part of volunteering. The hacienda is owned and managed by locals.
• Jatun Sachu [dead link] works to conserve the Galapagos and covers a larger area. Volunteers are provided room and board as part of volunteering.
• Fundacion Bolivar Education has a conservation farm project on San Cristobal, as well as a habitat restoration project. Teaching programs in the islands include Alejandro Alvear School and Teaching Support at a local school.

Kayaking [ edit ]

Kayaking allows you to navigate more of the water without a boat. Kayaks can be rented at Tortuga Bay in Santa Cruz and the port at San Cristobal to navigate the nearby beaches. Fish and sea turtles can often be seen while kayaking; however, conditions should be checked before renting.

Horseback riding [ edit ]

Horseback riding can be organized to allow you to see the highlands in greater detail. Tours are roughly $50. Additional tours may be found through taxis or local tour agencies.

Sleep [ edit ]

There are hotels and other accommodation in the towns of Puerto Ayora , Puerto Villamil and Puerto Baquerizo Moreno ; however, if you really want to see lots of good wildlife, you will need to combine your stay on these islands with daily boat tours to other islands.

Hotels and hostels are available on San Cristóbal, Santa Cruz, Isabela and Floreana from $25–500, while hotels along the water are generally full especially in Santa Cruz. During peak season (Christmas & Easter weeks) as well as during special events all hotels are frequently sold out well in advance. However, if you are traveling at other times of the year you may be able to find availability by just showing up.

Stay safe [ edit ]

In general, crime is not a problem in the Galapagos. Petty crime may occur in the towns, and occasionally fisherman will stage strikes or demonstrations that affect tourists, but for the most part there is little to be concerned about. Some items that have been reported missing have been found in the crews' quarters. As most boats do not have lockable cabins, it might be advisable to keep your items locked away in bags in your cabins.

The animal life in the islands is mostly docile with the exception of larger sea lions. Bulls, in particular, will vigorously protect their harems, and can inflict dangerous and potentially deadly bites. Do not snorkel close to sea lion colonies . If a bull sea lion approaches you, swim away from the nearest colony. While the bulls can be dangerous; swimming with juvenile sea lions can be one of the most exciting parts of a trip.

In addition to sea lions, there is a minimal danger from sharks. In general sharks will not attack unless provoked, although attacks can sometimes occur in murky water when sharks mistake humans for other animals. However, by exercising common sense, experiences will be almost always be positive.

Be careful with the tap water, especially in Puerto Ayora. It is not recommended to drink it or brush your teeth with it.

Connect [ edit ]

One notable place to put (non-important) mail is in the barrel at Post Office Bay. Mail will stay there until another traveler from your area picks it up. It's a great way to meet new people that have been to the Galápagos, since most of the mail there is addressed to the sender.

Respect [ edit ]

The park is strictly regulated. Outside of the towns visitors must be accompanied by guides, and visitors are only allowed on land from sunrise until sunset. Itineraries must be registered with the park prior to embarking on a trip, and animals should never be disturbed; while the wildlife in the Galapagos will usually ignore your presence, a general rule of thumb is that if an animal notices your presence, then you are too close. Two meters is generally given as a minimum distance to keep away from animals; you will find that if you are calm and respectful that many animals will walk right up to investigate you.

One of the greatest dangers to the islands is introduced species. The park service is trying to eliminate goats, rats, cats, dogs, and introduced plant species on many of the islands, but it is a difficult battle; after evolving for thousands of years without predators, the Galapagos wildlife is not adapted to handle these new species. When traveling to the islands, do not bring any plant or animal life with you, and be sure to always clean your footwear when traveling between islands to avoid accidentally transferring seeds.

Illegal fishing is another threat to the park. Although park officials may deny it, illegal fishing for sharks and sea cucumbers occurs on a massive scale. The number of fishermen has increased rapidly over the last few years, while the number of fish have plunged. Due to ongoing tensions between fisherman, tourism, and science, the level of enforcement of fishing laws can vary greatly, but even when policies are put in place to limit fishing, enforcement is difficult due to the resources required to patrol the vast park area.

Another big threat to the park is the growing population. Although new rules are supposed to make it impossible for people arriving from the mainland to live and work on the islands, the rules are poorly enforced, resulting in many people immigrating from the mainland to make quick money on the islands.

Rules [ edit ]

The codified park rules are:

• To visit the National Park you must always be accompanied by a certified Galapagos National Park guide.
• Galapagos is a unique and fragile environment. Take only photographs and video. Professional shooting needs authorization from the National Park.
• Stay within the limits of the walking trails, for your safety and that of the flora and fauna.
• To avoid affecting the wildlife's natural behavior, avoid getting closer than two meters to the animals.
• Camping is allowed only at specific sites. If you wish to camp, you must first obtain a permit from the Galapagos National Park.
• Help conservation by cooperating with the authorities in their inspection, monitoring and control duties. Report any anomalies to the National Park.
• Do not introduce foreign organisms to the islands, as these can have a negative impact on the ecosystem.
• Do not buy souvenirs which are made from black coral, sea shells, sea lion teeth, tortoise shell, volcanic rock or endemic woods.
• Galapagos animals have their own feeding behavior. Never feed the animals. Feeding them can be detrimental to their health.
• Galapagos landscapes are beautiful and unique. Do not spoil them by writing or etching rocks or trees.
• Do not litter while on the islands. Always dispose of rubbish in a safe and appropriate way.
• Smoking or making camp fires in the national park areas is forbidden and can cause devastating fires.
• Fishing is strictly forbidden, except on those boats specifically authorised by the Galapagos National Park.
• Jet skiing, submarines, water skiing, and aerial tourism are all forbidden.

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First-timer's guide to the Galápagos Islands

Mar 1, 2020 • 5 min read

Planning is paramount before a booking a trip to the Galapagos Islands © Jesse Kraft / Getty Images

Wildlife is sure to wow visitors to the Galápagos Islands , but the archipelago has so much more to offer. Before a journey to this bucket-list destination, proper planning is paramount. Here’s what to know before you go.

From the adrenaline rush of snorkeling nose-to-nose with white-tipped reef sharks to the wonder of watching up-close as blue-footed boobies perform mating dances on the sand, visitors can experience firsthand how locals coexist in harmony with the creatures of the Galápagos Islands – home to the rarest and most diverse species found in the world, and the inspiration behind Darwin’s Theory of Evolution. 

There, time stands still, animals rule, and people delight in close encounters with wildlife, as there are no natural predators for the animals to fear. And beyond the one-of-a-kind wildlife viewings , there’s so much more to explore. In order to fully embrace a journey to the Galápagos Islands, it’s important to go properly prepared. 

What to pack 

From the jagged, jet-black lava fields of Santiago Island, to the powdery-soft beaches of Mosquera Islet, the landscape varies greatly throughout the Galápagos Islands, so proper footwear is fundamental. Sturdy, waterproof sandals will be required for wet landings, and lightweight runners or hiking boots will provide the proper support and protection from the rocky, uneven surfaces encountered during dry land hikes.

Weather waxes and wanes throughout the day, so prepare for both warm and wet environments. While the temperatures aren’t typically tropical, high-SPF sunscreens, protective sunglasses and neck-shading sun hats are essential, as the proximity to the equator means it can be easy to burn – even on cloudy days. 

For long days on the water, manage motion sickness with a patch or over-the-counter pills and pack a small first-aid kit filled with essential medications that you may need while out at sea. Bug repellent isn’t mandatory, but it might help to prevent bites during longer inland explorations.

Shorts and t-shirts will suffice on most days, however, a light raincoat and sweater will provide comfort on wetter days and cooler mornings. Avoid slipping on soggy swimsuits by packing a few, as the night air can be humid and swimming and snorkeling are sure to occur several times throughout the day.

Most importantly, bring a fully-charged camera with back-up batteries to capture the stunning scenery and fantastic flora and fauna found throughout the islands – many of which are unique only to this part of the world.

How to get to the Gal á pagos Islands

 There are two stopover cities to choose from when traveling through Ecuador ’s mainland en route to the Galápagos Islands: Quito or Guayaquil . While both are stunning cities, Guayaquil is Ecuador’s largest city, has more frequent direct flights to the islands, and is closer in proximity. 

Hotel del Parque – the first luxury boutique hotel to open in Guayaquil, is situated in the suburb of Samborondon, is a short 10-minute drive from the airport. Transportation can be arranged through the hotel. Situated on a tropical oasis, the restored 19th-century property offers authentic Ecuadorian cuisine and a peaceful setting to catch up on sleep before embarking on the remainder of the journey to the Galápagos.

There are two major airports on the Galápagos Islands: Seymour Airport (serving the island of Baltra), and San Cristobal (found on the island of Cristobal). The arrival and departure airport will depend on the location of the cruise departure or land accommodation site.

Before entering the area, a mandatory park fee must be paid by most visitors coming from overseas. In an effort to reduce over-tourism, each visiting adult traveler must pay USD$100. This rate is set to double by the end of 2020.

You might also like: Ultimate Ecuador: plan your perfect adventure  

Where to stay 

Water-loving wanderers often opt for a stay aboard a cruise ship or on one of the eco-friendly yachts, but there are land-based accommodations available as well.

While cruising tends to be the more common choice, a land-based stay offers a well-rounded option, providing visitors with opportunities to connect with the local people and culture, experience close encounters with the land-bound wildlife more frequently, and enjoy a restful sleep – ideal for those prone to seasickness, or guests looking for breaks to settle their sea legs. 

For a more affordable land-based option, Puerto Ayora provides hostel-style accommodations, however day trips and excursions to attractions found throughout the islands will need to be booked separately.

Pikaia Lodge , a luxury eco-lodge found on Santa Cruz , sits in the heart of a private tortoise reserve, perched on the edge of an extinct volcanic crater, and overlooks acres of endemic Scalesia trees. 

Darwin delights in every corner of the luxury lodge, which nods to the connection to the Theory of Evolution that emerged from Darwin’s visit to the Galápagos Islands, and the five-star cuisine, private 100ft luxury yacht, on-site spa and infinity pool provide the perfect setting for restful downtime in between days of adventure throughout the Galápagos Islands.

What to see and do 

For island visits, the guidance of a certified tour guide is mandatory. This can be arranged through cruise excursions or as a part of a hotel package. Wildlife viewing is a must, but the islands also offer adventure spots beyond the ocean’s edge. 

Observe giant Galápagos tortoises in the wild and learn about the history of the significant species at El Chato Tortoise Reserve , found on Santa Rosa. Afterward, explore the underground world of the islands by creeping through the on-site lava tube caves. 

Head to Academy Bay and mingle with locals at the waterfront fish market and then stroll through the artisanal shops and purchase cacao treats, lava-laced jewelry and locally-grown coffee beans during a visit to town.

Then, hike along stunning stone pathways to Tortuga Bay and watch as black marine iguanas run along the white sandy beach. Head past the unswimmable Playa Brava and kayak with sea turtles and sharks at the hidden bay of Playa Mansa, found just beyond a mass of mangroves that line the shore. 

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An expert's guide to visiting the Galápagos Islands

By Annabelle Spranklen

It’s one of the greatest national parks on earth, the place where visitors get a front-row view of nature like nowhere else in the world. From giant tortoises the size of small cars to great piles of sunbathing iguanas, dancing blue-footed boobies, nosy sea lions and wolf-whistling frigate birds – when it comes to wildlife , the Galapagos archipelago delivers a tameless spectacle. With more than 4,000 species, and 40 per cent of them found nowhere else on earth, it’s impossible not to have your socks well and truly knocked off.

These volcanic islands have never been connected to the mainland but gradually, over many hundreds and thousands of years, animals and plants have somehow migrated here and over time developed ways to adapt to the harsh conditions, eventually becoming unique species of their own. Charles Darwin spent five weeks in the Galapagos in 1835, travelling on board HMS Beagle, a trip that led to the pinnacle of scientific discovery. It was on these arid islands that the young naturalist formed the basis of the theory of evolution, changing the way we think about the natural world forever.

Because of Darwin and, later, Sir David Attenborough (a certain BBC documentary series caused more people than ever to dub this their ultimate once-in-a-lifetime adventure), the Galapagos Islands have been luring more than 150,000 visitors to its shores each year. It is made up of 13 major and six minor islands , four of which are inhabited, as well as over 40 small islets, and everyone has to pay a $100 entrance fee for the privilege of visiting. Tours on inhabited islands are closely restricted and must be with an accredited guide to help preserve this sanctuary from reckless tourism.

On first glimpse, the Galapagos is not exactly a desert-island fantasy. Even Darwin himself wrote that ‘nothing could be less inviting’ – these isolated rocks scattered with desiccated vegetation reveal nothing of their secrets. To see them in all their glory you need to get up close, on foot and beneath the water.

When is the best time to visit the Galapagos Islands?

There is no bad time to travel to the Galapagos Islands, but it’s worth knowing about the two seasons. The cool and dry season runs from June to December, and the wet and warm season is from December to May. The warmer season is often the best time to visit as you’ll have calmer seas and better underwater visibility. We visited in November and while there was the odd shower (see our packing guide below), we had sunny but not-too-hot days with great snorkelling conditions and no mosquitos – a definite bonus.

Where to stay in the Galapagos Islands

Land-based and independent travel in the populated islands is one way to do the Galapagos but definitely not the best – you’ll only see a very small part of what coming here is all about. For those without sea legs, combining an eco-hotel stay with a shorter-duration cruise (aka land cruise) is a good compromise.

Pikaia Lodge

This luxury eco-hotel lies on the eastern edge of Santa Cruz island in a 31-hectare private reserve that gives it a Jurassic Park feel. Solar panels, recycling and a wind turbine allow the lodge to generate up to a third of its own power and to make the best use of water. Rooms are designed like the bridges of ships and guests have access to the hotel’s day cruises on two private yachts where they are given their own cabin, while nearby islands are great for snorkelling and sightseeing.

Address: Pikaia Lodge, Sector El Camote a 100 m del Cerro Mesa, Santa Cruz, Galapagos, Ecuador 200105, Ecuador Website: pikaialodge.com

One of the island’s longest-standing hotels, Finch Bay is the closest you’ll get to a Galapagos beach club . Sitting on the edge of a quiet bay next to Santa Cruz’s main harbour, with a shiny new spa that opened in October 2019, the hotel can only be reached by boat and takes its eco credentials seriously with an on-site seawater treatment plan, a greenhouse that supplies the kitchen and locally caught fish. Similarly to Pikaia, there’s also a yacht available for guests who want to pay extra for day excursions.

Address: Finch Bay, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador Website: finchbayhotel.com

The Galapagos is no place for honking great cruise ships; instead boutique cruiser specialist and Ecuadorian-owned Ecoventura is one of the most reputable on the islands with some of the chicest fleets you’ll see. Importantly, the boats have been designed to leave barely an imprint on the islands they visit due to low emissions. The boats – Theory, Origin and Letty – are all about intimate cruising (the Letty is ending service soon and being replaced by a new yacht called Evolve in 2021). Relais & Chateaux-certified Theory and Origin have just 10 stylish cabins and 14 crew, as well as a hot tub, sun deck with hammocks and sprawling sunbeds, plus two experienced naturalist guides. Itineraries are seven nights, with western and northern routes available.

Website: ecoventura.com

The best Galapagos Islands to visit

A real gem of an island and a definite favourite for those lucky to make it here (not all cruises are allowed), Fernandina is the youngest and most pristine island in the Galapagos, formed by active volcanoes that stretch around the coast. The terrain is rugged and black, the same colour as those land iguanas that gather in great hordes (watch your step!). You’ll see sea lions and their pups snoozing on the beach and nests of the flightless cormorants close to the shore.

While the Galapagos in general is a bird lover’s dream, on this north-east island visitors are sure to see hundreds of species – and we don’t mean in binocular distance but quite literally nesting on the ground, two feet ahead. Look out for red-footed boobies and Nazca boobies in palo santo trees and storm petrels resting in open lava fields. Snorkelling near Genovesa is also a treat for those who fancy swimming with turtles.

The striking dark-red beach on this small island is almost Mars-like. It is considered the geographic centre of the Galapagos and its volcanic rocks are the most diversified in the archipelago. Come here for the greater flamingos that live in the saltwater lagoons – lining up in flocks, as if about to start a synchronised dance, before spreading their wings and taking flight. It’s a jaw-dropping sight.

There’s lots of evidence of volcanic activity on Isabela, the largest of the islands, as well as coral skeletons from beneath the seabed plus giant tortoises, Darwin’s finches, brown pelicans and flightless cormorants. The biggest highlight here might just be found in the water where visitors come nose-to-fin with Galapagos penguins (the only penguins found north of the equator). Get your GoPro ready – they really do whizz by.

The second-largest island in the Galapagos, with more than 12,000 inhabitants, Santa Cruz is home to most of the hotels, but it’s also an island of incredible natural life, away from the hubbub of town. On the far northerly side lies Las Bachas, an otherworldly landscape and the opportunity to see flamingos in lagoons, cruising iguanas and lizards galore.

The highlands provide a lush contrast to the beaches and arid lowlands, and you’ll want to visit one of the privately owned haciendas, a protected farm owned by the Moreno family called Las Primicias, where you’ll find plenty of giant Galapagos tortoises, some weighing a staggering 440lbs. Lots of good photo opportunities here.

In the main town area of Puerto Ayora is the Charles Darwin Research Station. Now this isn’t really the place to see wildlife, especially for those who have spent a week cruising around the islands and seen the iguanas and tortoises in a wild and more secluded setting; however, it is the home of a Galapagos celebrity: taxidermied Lonesome George. He’s the last tortoise of his species found in the Galapagos that tragically died of natural causes just weeks before he was due to be partnered up with a mate. He’s become a symbol for the importance of preserving and protecting endangered species on the islands.

What to pack for the Galapagos Islands

Choosing what to bring on a trip to the Galapagos can be tricky, especially if you’re combining this with a stay in the Andes or cloud forest. It’s also worth noting that the internal flights from Ecuador to San Cristóbal (known as the gateway to the Galapagos) mostly have a 23kg (50lbs) bag restriction. For anyone staying on a boat, you also need to be able to store your luggage under your cabin bed, so huge suitcases won’t be practical. Here’s what should make the cut:

Light rain jacket

Whatever the season, a waterproof jacket is an absolute must. The weather can be quite changeable on the islands, so it’s worth bringing a packable rain jacket in your rucksack for day adventures. A Mac-in-a-Sac was ideal for this and didn’t compromise on luggage space.

Marine-friendly sunscreen

With the Galapagos being on the equator, the sun here is more intense than you’ll be used to and even on cloudy days you need to slather on sun protection. For those doing lots of snorkelling marine-friendly suncream is recommended. Brands such as Ultrasun and Caudalie offer mineral formulas with high protection.

The Galapagos is a pretty active trip and you’ll be doing lots of walking, so a mix of T-shirts and long-sleeved tops is essential for when you’re out and about in the changeable climate. It’s worth investing in a UV-protection top too if you’re fair-skinned.

Bring trousers as well, but for jumping in and out of the Zodiac with some wet landings (when you get dropped off on a beach), shorts are just easier. Quick-drying ones from your gym kit? Even better.

Hiking boots

Being made up of volcanic rocks, the terrain can be uneven at times, so while you can get away with trainers, a pair of hiking boots or shoes are very useful and will give you better footing. Some suggest bringing water shoes too for wet landings – you don’t necessarily need these; just wear flip-flops and carry your hiking boots in your bag to change into.

Hat with string

A cute straw hat won’t really cut it for this kind of trip. You’ll want a sturdy hiking hat with some sort of neck tie because the wind can be strong at times. Most adventure-wear stores stock these – brands such as Tilley have a chic selection of hats that pack flat in your suitcase.

Waterproof rucksack

You’re going to need a medium-sized day bag that’s big enough to carry your reusable water bottles (plastic ones are banned on the islands), sunscreen, rain jacket and phone and cameras. Either use it as your hand luggage on the flight or pack one that’s light and travel-friendly. Arket has a good selection.

Motion-sickness patches

Cruising the Galapagos isn’t all plain sailing, the sea can be extremely choppy, especially at night. Most boats have sea-sickness tablets available, but bringing some motion-sickness stickers that go on the back of your ears will help alleviate symptoms in the daytime and they stay put even when you’re swimming.

Casual cruise wear

Ecuador in general is fairly low-key and dressing up for dinner isn’t really a big deal, but it’s worth bringing a few smarter tops and casual dresses to change into, as well as a kaftan or maxi-dress for chilling in the afternoons.

Go-Pro camera

A professional camera is great if you have one, but if it’s a weigh-up between this and a reliable underwater camera, go for a Go-Pro . Snorkelling or diving is one of the biggest highlights of the trip and there won’t be many places on earth where sea lions come right up to your goggles. Bring one of the extending poles which will be useful both on land and underwater, and a head strap to capture videos easily.

Like this? Now read:

The best things to do in Quito, Ecuador

The best nature lodges in South America

The Atacama Desert: take the long way from Argentina to Chile

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• WORLD HERITAGE

Dive Into the Wildlife-Rich Waters of the Galápagos

Discover the “living laboratory” that inspired the work of Charles Darwin.

The Galápagos Islands are located 620 miles (1,000 kilometers) from the South American mainland but a world apart from anywhere else on Earth. The archipelago and its surrounding waters, located where three ocean currents converge, are famed for the unique animal species that piqued the interest of Charles Darwin in 1835. Decades later Darwin drew on his experiences here when penning his landmark theory of evolution by natural selection.

The actively volcanic islands are home to fascinating creatures found nowhere else on Earth, including marine iguanas, giant tortoises, flightless cormorants, and a diverse variety of finches. Darwin noted that although all of the islands shared similar volcanic compositions, environment, and climate, each isolated isle was home to its own set of unique species. Darwin suspected that these species had adapted to a unique diet and the microenvironment of their locale.

A green sea turtle navigates the azure waters surrounding the Galápagos Islands.

Most exciting for visitors is the lack of fear and even curiosity with which the Galápagos animals typically regard humans. Incredible, up-close encounters are the norm here. And while the islands are a living laboratory of evolutionary change, their ecosystems have remained remarkably unchanged. Some 95 percent of the islands' pre-human biodiversity remains intact—a remarkable figure. But even this paradise hasn’t remained totally pristine.

Close encounters with wildlife—such as the giant tortoise—are the norm on the Galápagos Islands.

A group of giant tortoises wades in a seasonal pond on Alcedo Volcano, one of six shield volcanoes that make up Isabela Island.

Threats from high levels of poorly regulated tourism (the islands welcome some 100,000 annual visitors), overfishing, and the introduction of invasive species landed the site on the List of World Heritage in Danger in 2007.

But this first of all World Heritage sites has experienced some positive changes in recent years. The committee has recognized Ecuador’s progress in strengthening conservation measures designed to protect the priceless area, and the Galápagos were removed from the threat list in July 2010.

A cluster of Galápagos sea lions lounges on the beach.

How to Get There

The islands have two airports, Isla Baltra and Isla San Cristóbal, which are serviced by regular flights from mainland cities Quito and Guayaquil.

How to Visit

Accommodations are available on several islands, and public boat and plane services allow visitors to move about the archipelago. But perhaps the best way to experience the Galápagos is by boat. Whether your interests lie in bird watching, diving, snorkeling, surfing, or other activities an appropriate tour option exists—including National Geographic Expeditions .

• Nat Geo Expeditions

When to Visit

There is never really a bad time to visit, but part of the government’s plan to protect these islands includes limiting the number of visitors to each island at any given time. Tour itineraries are coordinated with this regulation in mind, and most crowding issues occur from peak season of mid-June through September and again in mid-December to mid-January.

From December through May the islands tend to be quieter (excepting the holiday period mentioned above), but frequent sunshine is also punctuated with almost daily rain showers. As water temperatures change and seasons shift, different types of wildlife become more or less plentiful—so it’s worth keeping a “must-see” species list in mind when planning your itinerary.

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Galapagos Islands   Travel Guide

Courtesy of prasit chansarekorn | Getty Images

Why Go To Galapagos Islands

With its untamed terrain and notoriously fearless creatures – from sea lions to seagoing lizards – the isolated isles of the Galápagos lure those looking for exhilarating encounters in the wild. After all, where else can you observe giant tortoises grazing on tall blades of grass, short-feathered penguins waddling along the equator or blue-footed boobies conducting their unique mating ritual, all unbothered by the presence of onlookers? More than 100 years after Charles Darwin visited during his legendary voyage aboard the HMS Beagle, adventurers continue to use his footsteps as a guide for their own extraordinary journeys.

The Galápagos archipelago sits approximately 600 miles west of mainland Ecuador and comprises 234 isolated islands, islets, and rocks, warranting plenty of exploration. But with so much to see and do across this remote string of islands, you'll have to be selective about which islands you choose to discover. To get acquainted with the Galápagos' famous dome-shaped tortoises, head to El Chato Tortoise Reserve or Rancho Primicias on Santa Cruz Island. If you're keen to delve into the history of giant tortoises, witness conservation initiatives, and grasp the captive breeding endeavors for endangered turtle species, consider visiting the Tortoise Trail in the Galápagos National Park in Santa Cruz. Additionally, don't miss the chance to see the iconic Lonesome George, whose preserved body is a poignant reminder of the importance of preventing species extinction. Afterward, trek east to the Charles Darwin Research Station to learn more about Darwin's work. If you would prefer a rendezvous with sea lions, head to San Cristóbal Island, where the cheery mammals engage in barking conversations along chalky white sands . And for a more serious adrenaline rush, head to Isabela Island to hike the active and imposing Sierra Negra volcano. Wherever your Galápagos adventure takes you, don't forget to bring your camera.

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Galapagos Islands Travel Tips

Best months to visit.

The best time to explore the Galápagos Islands is from December to May. While the islands are excellent year-round, these months offer temperatures ranging from the low 70s to mid-80s, making pleasant conditions for hiking and wildlife-spotting. And though this season experiences frequent (but short) showers, the sun shines brightly on most days. Between June and November, the Humboldt Current, a current that runs northwest along South America's west coast, ushers in cooler temperatures and nutrient-rich water that attracts rare fish and birds. Albatrosses are exclusively found on Española Island in the Galápagos, and they can be observed there only between April and December. In August, Galápagos Penguins begin their migration from Isabela and Fernandina islands to central islands such as Bartholomew. Additionally, during these months, the region experiences longer rain showers and stronger winds, resulting in rougher seas.

To minimize the ecological impact on this fragile ecosystem, strict regulations are in place, including guidelines for site visits, allowable activity lengths and maximum passenger limits. You'll need to book several months in advance to secure a spot, regardless of your preferred travel dates.

Weather in Galapagos Islands

Data sourced from the National Climatic Data Center

What You Need to Know

Dive into shoulder seasons The "warm phase" (December to May) offers sun-soaked days and inviting ocean temps, while the "dry phase" (June to November) brings vibrant wildlife interactions, from bustling sea mammals to seabird chicks. For nature lovers, the "dry phase" is unbeatable.

You need a TCT The Galápagos government requires all tourists to purchase a Transit Control Card, which helps monitor tourist time on the islands. You can fill out your information online in advance or do so at the airports in Quito, Guayaquil and Cuenca. The fee is $20, payable in cash at the airport. Keep the card safe during your trip; you'll need to present it upon departure.

You have to pay to play In order to tour Galápagos National Park (which occupies nearly the entire archipelago), foreign tourists not residing in Ecuador must pay an entrance fee. Individuals 12 years and older pay $100, while those younger than 12 pay $50. This entrance fee bolsters sustainable human development and vital conservation efforts in the region.

Prepare for sun The sun scorches the Galápagos Islands, and shade is hard to come by. Protect yourself with sunglasses, a hat and lots of sunscreen. A sun shirt wouldn't hurt, either.

Respect the Galápagos Code The islands aren't just a breathtaking destination but a national park and a World Heritage Site. As a visitor, you're entrusted with their care. The Galápagos National Park Directorate has set forth 14 crucial rules to ensure we all help preserve this natural wonder. Before your adventure, familiarize yourself with the guidelines .

Embrace the digital detox With its pristine beauty, the Galápagos is also a testament to life off the beaten digital path. Be prepared for limited internet access and unstable cellphone coverage. Embrace this opportunity to disconnect and immerse yourself in the wonders of nature.

How to Save Money in Galapagos Islands

Visit in the offseason If you plan a trip in October, November or between February and May, you'll find significantly lower costs. You'll still want to book a few months in advance to ensure availability (this is true of no matter the time of year you book).

Plan daytrips Though cruises are a remarkable way to experience the Galápagos Islands, they often come attached to exorbitant price tags. You'll find a handful of affordable expedition options available in Puerto Ayora , Puerto Villamil and Puerto Baquerizo Moreno. Plus, you can pick and choose tours based on your interests.

Get your fill of free attractions Though an entry fee applies to visit Galápagos  National Park, many of San Cristóbal Island and Santa Cruz Island's top attractions, including the Giant Tortoise Breeding Centers overseen by the Galápagos National Park Directorate and the Charles Darwin Research Center do not charge an additional entrance fee.

Maximize your first moments There's a wealth of activities in San Cristóbal and Baltra, the two places where you're likely to fly into. Visit Los Gemelos (the Lava Tunnels) or ranches hosting giant tortoises prior to visiting another location.

Culture & Customs

Ever since Panamanian bishop Tomás de Berlanga accidentally stumbled upon this isolated archipelago in 1535, the Galápagos Islands have entertained a bevy of visitors, from pirates and whalers to scientists and tourists. But the most iconic Galápagos visitor of all was British scientist Charles Darwin, who developed his ground-breaking theory of evolution after his stay in 1835, three years after the islands were claimed by Ecuador.

In 1959, organized tourism spiked significantly with the establishment of Galápagos National Park. This designation covered nearly 97% of the total land, solidifying its status as one of the most protected and biodiverse natural reserves on the planet. Today, the Galápagos Islands welcome more than 200,000 visitors every year.

While this tourism boom benefits Ecuador's economy, the eclectic array of species found here – and nowhere else – continue to be threatened. In fact, the remote region became so popular among tourists that the park was declared a World Heritage Site in Danger in 2007. Widespread preservation efforts have reduced imposing threats to the archipelago. It is no longer considered to be "in danger," yet conservationists continue to monitor tourist activity to reduce the damage caused by an ever-expanding human footprint. Travelers can minimize their impact by abiding by park rules and walking along the marked trails. 

According to the last government census conducted in 2015, the Galápagos Islands were home to roughly 25,000 inhabitants. However, the population has likely grown since then, with estimates suggesting that more than 30,000 people now reside on the islands. Of this population, a significant majority, nearly 20,000 individuals, call Santa Cruz Island their home, making it the most densely populated of the Galápagos Islands. This increase in population presents unique challenges and opportunities for the region, particularly in terms of sustainable development and conservation efforts in this ecologically sensitive and globally significant archipelago.

The dress code in Galápagos is generally casual: T-shirts, shorts or light trousers are your best choices. Evening dress code is generally quite casual, but it's a good idea to bring along a change of clothes. Given the archipelago's unique equatorial location, it's important for visitors to be mindful of the weather. Packing light layers and wearing ample sunscreen is essential to protect yourself from the strong UV rays. Additionally, comfortable walking shoes are a must if you plan to explore hiking trails. If you're inclined toward underwater adventures like snorkeling or scuba diving, including a wet suit in your luggage is advisable, as are multiple swimsuits. Keep in mind that evenings and higher elevations in the Galápagos Islands can get cooler. Be sure to pack a light jacket or sweater to keep you warm during breezy nights or while exploring the captivating highlands.

The U.S. dollar is the official currency of the Galápagos. While the island vibe embraces cash for most of its dealings (from boutique hotels to local diners), some establishments welcome Visa and MasterCard. Just a heads up, though – American Express isn't a local favorite. Should your wallet run thin, Banco del Pacífico and Banco Pichincha have your back with ATMs, normally open 24 hours a day.

The region's most widely spoken language is Spanish, but a growing tourism market has brought English to major isles like Santa Cruz, Isabela and San Cristóbal. Additionally, hotels and local tour companies can connect you with English-speaking nature guides. But if you plan on visiting more remote regions, you may want to learn a few key Spanish words and phrases – such as "hola" (hello), "adios" (goodbye), "por favor" (please) and "gracias" (thank you) – to use during your vacation.

What to Eat

Dining takes on a unique and flavorful character on the islands. Galápagos cuisine echoes the simplicity and rich flavors of mainland Ecuador, featuring staples like potatoes, yucca, plantains and rice. These ingredients come together to create dishes that are light yet incredibly satisfying. Additionally, there's a strong emphasis on locally sourced, fresh seafood, particularly in the handful of restaurants situated in Puerto Ayora , Puerto Villamil and Puerto Baquerizo Moreno .

One can't-miss item is the Galápagos lobster, a delicacy best enjoyed between September and December when the fishing ban is temporarily lifted. Additionally, indulge in the canchalagua , a mollusk unique to the region, as well as albacore or yellowfin tuna, which grace the menus with their exquisite tastes . Fish enthusiasts can relish dishes featuring camotillo , also known as the white-spotted sand bass; pez brujo , the Pacific spotted scorpionfish; and bacalao rey , the Galápagos golden grouper. If seafood isn't your preference, you'll find dishes with chicken, beef and pork on offer.

As for breakfast, the day commonly starts with bolones (fried plantains stuffed with cheese and meat) and coffee or freshly squeezed juices like guanabana (or soursop, an acidic yet sweet fruit believed to help fight cancer), tree tomato (a tomato-like fruit known outside South America as tamarillo ) and passionfruit. During other mealtimes, expect to see ceviche and fish-based soups like biche (which has a creamy peanut base with a piece of white fish and chopped vegetables) and encebollado (made with tuna, yucca, cilantro, tomatoes and pickled onions) on restaurant menus.

It's also common for locals and tourists to enjoy typical local dishes on Sundays in the highlands of Santa Cruz and San Cristóbal, particularly in the Bellavista and El Progreso parishes. These dishes often feature hearty stews like secos and aguado , prepared with free-range chicken.

Many of the Galápagos' islands are home to wild animals, so you should take precautions when exploring the region. You must not touch or feed any animal you see. When snorkeling or diving near sea lions, stay a safe distance from bulls – the larger, more aggressive and very territorial males. Also, do not provoke sharks. When diving, remember to practice safe diving practices like equalizing your ears as you descend and knowing where your scuba buddy and guide are at all times.

The archipelago is spread across the equator, so you'll need to protect yourself from the sun while visiting. Wearing a hat and lathering on sunscreen (even on areas covered by clothing) is strongly recommended. 

Packing any essential medications and medical equipment is a must due to the region's limited medical services. While 911 services and local hospitals are available in the islands (and can handle first aid and common medical needs), it's important to note that the region may lack specialist doctors for certain medical conditions. Before your trip, speak with your doctor about any medications and vaccinations needed for diseases present in the area, such as malaria, Zika, dengue and yellow fever. Travelers should consider purchasing comprehensive travel insurance to cover potential medical emergencies or evacuations during their visit.

Galápagos is generally a safe destination, and thefts aboard tourist boats are extremely rare. The local community values and safeguards visitors, making the archipelago a secure place to explore. However, taking standard precautions to protect your belongings while traveling is always advisable.

If you will be flying into Quito, Guayaquil or Cuenca before continuing to the Galápagos, keep an eye on your belongings at all times at these airports and in these cities. If you choose to spend a day or two in these cities, it's advisable to stay vigilant (especially on hiking trails and public transportation), as robberies have occurred. Additionally, it's best to avoid hailing taxis on the street and traveling alone, as there have been reports of express kidnappings (sometimes involving taxis) and incidents of harassment, even in tourist areas.

Before visiting Ecuador, the U.S. State Department strongly advises all Americans sign up for the free Smart Traveler Enrollment Program , which ensures the nearest embassy or consulate is aware of your travels. Additional information about security concerns and how to stay safe in Ecuador is provided on the U.S. State Department's website .

Getting Around Galapagos Islands

The best way to get around the Galápagos Islands is by boat. The key islands for island-hopping are Santa Cruz, San Cristóbal and Isabela. You can stay overnight on any of these islands or all three, using them as your starting points for daily excursions. Island-hopping packages usually include both sea and land transportation. You'll want to arrange an organized multiday cruise or boat tour several months in advance; that said, sea journeys aboard luxury liners are often attached to a lofty price tag, especially during the high season (December to May). If you wish to steer clear of the water altogether, you can fly from Baltra (a small island north of Santa Cruz Island) to San Cristóbal Island or Isabela Island.

You can fly to the Galápagos from Guayaquil's José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport (GYE), located in mainland Ecuador. If you would prefer to fly to the Galápagos from Quito's Mariscal Sucre International Airport (UIO), plan to stopover in Guayaquil and tack an additional hour onto your flight time. You can also fly from General Eloy Alfaro International Airport (MEC, located in Manta, Ecuador). Airlines EQUAIR, LATAM and Avianca offer flights to Seymour Airport (GPS) and San Cristóbal Airport (SCY). Most cruise operators will arrange to meet you at either airport and transport you to your ship. If you're planning on visiting the islands without a tour guide, it's easy to navigate your way from Baltra to Santa Cruz Island. To reach Puerto Ayora, take the bus or taxi.

Puerto Baquerizo Moreno (on San Cristobal) and Puerto Villamil (on Isabela) are both within a short drive of San Cristóbal Airport (SCY) and General Villamil Airport (IBB), respectively. However, it's important to note that General Villamil Airport primarily serves small inter-island aircraft and does not have commercial flights.

Entry & Exit Requirements

Americans will need to present a valid passport before entering Ecuador. U.S. travelers can stay in Ecuador for up to 90 days without obtaining a visa, though the Ecuadorian government requires that you carry proof of identification and a photocopy of your passport at all times. Upon entry into the Galápagos, you'll also need to pay a fee. Adults and children 12 years and older are charged $100, while those younger than 12 pay $50. This fee grants access to Galápagos National Park (which comprises roughly 97% of the archipelago) for the duration of your stay. Sometimes, the cost of your tour or cruise will cover the fee; if that's not the case, you must be prepared to pay in cash upon arrival in the Galápagos. You'll also need to pick up a Transit Control Card, available from the Galápagos Government Council offices at Quito, Guayaquil and Cuenca's airports. Some tour companies will take care of card registration for you, but if you are traveling independently, allot extra time for purchasing a card. Each card costs $20 and must be bought with cash. You'll need to present your passport and Transit Control Card again when you leave. To learn more, visit the U.S. State Department's  website .

Galapagos sea lions love lounging on San Cristóbal and Rábida islands' beaches.

Explore More of Galapagos Islands

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Tour Operators

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• About IGTOA
• Member Directory
• Galápagos at Risk
• Protect the Galápagos
• Travel Guide
• Introduction
• A Place of Giant Reptiles and “Tame” Birds (1535–1569)
• Putting the Islands on the Map (1570–1590s)
• Avast, Me Hearties! (1590s–early 1700s)
• Navigational Charts and a Legendary Rescue (1700s)
• Whales No More (late 1700s–late 1800s)
• Settling In: the First Human Resident (1807–1850s)
• Annexed by Ecuador (1832–1892)
• Creating an Evolutionary Theory (1835-1859)
• Utopians and the Empress of Floreana (late 1920s–1934)
• One of the First World Heritage Sites (1932–2001)
• They Are What You Make of Them (Present)
• Introduced Species
• Human Impact
• Threats to the Marine Reserve
• Welfare of Galápagos Residents
• Welfare and Education of Visitors
• Governmental Support and Control
• Challenges Facing the Galápagos Islands Video
• Types of Landings: Wet and Dry
• Sombrero Chino
• South Plaza
• San Cristóbal
• Littoral (or Coastal) Zone
• Transition Zone
• Scalesia Zone
• Zanthoxylum (or Brown) Zone
• Miconia Zone
• Pampa or Fern-Sedge Zone
• Challenges Facing Galápagos Plants
• Efforts to Combat Invasive Plant Species
• Plant Checklist
• Greater Flamingo
• Yellow-Crowned Night Heron
• Darwin’s Finches
• Galápagos Hawk
• Short-Eared Owl
• Blue-Footed Booby
• Nazca Booby
• Red-Footed Booby
• Flightless Cormorant
• Frigatebirds: Magnificent and Great
• Galápagos Penguin
• Waved Albatross
• Bryde’s Whale
• Humpback Whale
• Minke Whale
• Bottlenose Dolphin
• Common Dolphin
• Orca (or Killer Whale)
• Short-Finned Pilot Whale
• Sperm Whale
• Striped Dolphin
• Fish: Cartilaginous and Bony
• Insects and Spiders
• Intertidal Life
• Galápagos Fur Seal
• Galápagos Sea Lion
• Galápagos Giant Tortoise and Lonesome George
• Land Iguana
• Marine Iguana
• Lava Lizards
• Galápagos Green Turtle
• Hawksbill Turtle
• Leatherback Turtle
• Olive Ridley Turtle
• Volcanoes and Eruptions
• Tectonic Plates
• Galápagos Hotspot
• Geologic Terms
• The Seasons
• Average Air and Water Temperatures by Month
• Wildlife Highlights by Month
• Forces Important to Understanding Galápagos Climate: Ocean Currents, Niño Flow and El Niño Years, and Upwelling
• Examples of Fahrenheit to Centigrade Conversions

Immigration and Customs in Ecuador

Getting to the galápagos islands, arrival and ground transfer in the galápagos, departure from ecuador, park fees and other additional costs, travel insurance, credit cards, money safety.

• Best Practices for Galápagos Travelers Video
• Best Practices on Your Boat Video
• Best Practices Against Invasive Species Video

Electrical Current

Inoculations, seasickness, altitude sickness, traveler’s diarrhea and constipation, safety video, general packing pointers, travel documents, additional gear, medications and first aid, reading list, plant and wildlife checklists.

• Itinerary Variations
• Cruise Boats
• Catamarans (Motor & Motor-Sailing)
• Sailboats & Motor-Sailers
• Typical Daily Schedule
• Walks & Hikes
• Panga Rides
• Scuba Diving
• Quito City Tour
• Otavalo Market Visit

Essential Galápagos Travel Information

When traveling, it’s good to go with the flow and welcome the unexpected — especially when it comes to nature travels. You never know when a friendly sea lion will attempt to snorkel with you or a blue-footed booby will offer a ringside seat for his “dance” performance. These are things you won’t find printed on your itinerary.

However taking whatever happens in stride doesn’t mean that you should leave for your Galápagos Islands trip poorly prepared. Use the IGTOA essential information below to help comfortably navigate any eventuality on your upcoming adventure!

Getting to and from the Galápagos Islands

Your Galápagos Islands tour provider will supply you with detailed instructions on the arrival and departure processes. Here’s a basic overview of what to expect:

All international travelers must pass through Immigration and Customs upon their first entry into Ecuador (usually this is in Guayaquil or Quito). All bags, including both checked and carry-on luggage, will be subject to inspection. Personal effects, cameras, and camera accessories may be temporarily imported without duty.

On your flight to the Galápagos, you may bring with you one or two checked bags with a combined weight of no more than approximately forty-four pounds and one carry-on bag. The carry-on bag may weigh no more than about seventeen pounds and must fit under the seat in front of you or in an overhead compartment. Excess baggage may be left behind or may be brought along at an additional cost. (Your hotel in Ecuador may offer an option of safely storing your extra luggage during your visit to the islands.)

Passengers are required to check in for their Galápagos flights ninety minutes prior to departure. Before checking in at the AeroGal, LAN, or TAME airline counters, you must pass by the INGALA counter to acquire a Tourist Control Card, which costs $10. Check with your tour provider regarding this step as most register guests upon reserving and confirming their cruises, requiring that this $10 fee be prepaid.

Next to the INGALA counter, you will find the SICGAL luggage inspection area. Once you have passed these two points, proceed to the airline counter (AeroGal, LAN, or TAME) to check in for your flight.

Non-native plants and animals pose one of the biggest challenges to the conservation of the Galápagos Islands. The Ecuadorian Animal and Plant Health Service and the Quarantine and Inspection System of Galápagos (SICGAL) have developed a program to prevent exotic species from arriving in the islands. To minimize the entry of such species, you will be given a declaration form to fill out on your flight to the islands. Please declare any agricultural products you are transporting and cooperate with the quarantine officers as they inspect your luggage.

Upon arrival at the airport on Baltra or San Cristóbal, you will pass through Immigration, then collect your bags and proceed through Customs. If you have not yet paid the Galápagos National Park entrance fee of $100 per adult (or $50 per child, eleven years old or younger), you must pay it in cash at this time.

You will be met by a representative from your tour provider. After collecting your luggage, he or she will escort you on the short bus ride to the Baltra or San Cristóbal dock (or in some cases a longer trip to Puerto Ayora ) to board your boat. Once at the dock, a panga will transport you to your ship, where the crew will welcome you on board. After setting off, you will make your first island visit.

Here’s a short summary of the procedure on getting to the Galápagos:

• Enter the national departure terminal with your original passport and electronic airline ticket printout ninety minutes prior to your flight’s departure.
• Head to the INGALA counter to get a Transit Control Card.
• Pass through the SICGAL luggage inspection (no agriculture products permitted).
• Check in at your airline counter (AeroGal, LAN, or TAME).
• Once you land in the Galápagos, pass through Immigration.
• Collect your bags and proceed through Customs.
• Your tour guide will be waiting for you. Look for a sign with the name of your particular cruise and/or your tour provider.

When departing Ecuador, you must once again pass through Immigration before boarding your outbound flight. Your bags may be inspected.

Upon arrival in the United States, you must pass through both Immigration and Customs.

Currency and Other Money Matters

The U.S. dollar is the official currency of Ecuador. It is best to carry sufficient cash to pay for incidentals, meals not included in your trip’s itinerary, alcoholic beverages, gratuities, souvenirs, and the departure tax.

Do not bring $100 bills with you, since they are not accepted by Ecuador’s commerce and banking systems. If you plan to visit the Otavalo Market, bring small bills ($1s, $5s, and $10s) since vendors rarely have much change. Larger bills ($20s and $50s) are fine for gratuities and bar tabs. Traveler’s checks are not recommended since they will be hard to cash.

When arriving at the airport on San Cristóbal or Baltra, all travelers must pay the Galápagos National Park entrance fee ($100.00 per person). The park tax for children under the age of twelve is $50.

All tourists to the islands must also purchase a Transit Control Card for $10. The card must be presented upon departure from the Galápagos. It’s a good idea to keep it with your passport and other travel documents.

A comprehensive travel insurance policy may cover everything from trip cancellations and delays to lost luggage and unexpected medical emergencies. In addition, in the unlikely event that inclement weather restricts you to port and forces you to disembark your ship, be aware that you would be responsible for your hotel and meal costs. Many companies, such as TripMate, offer both medical evacuation and comprehensive policies.

Because international medical coverage can be expensive, you may wish to review your personal health insurance policy before leaving to ascertain what will be covered.

There are few ATMs in the Galápagos. It is best to go to your bank card’s website to find its ATM locations. Be sure you know your daily withdrawal limit before you leave home.

Be aware that many banks impose a fee every time you use a card at another bank’s ATM and that fee can be higher for international transactions (up to $5 or more) than for domestic ones. In addition, the bank from which you withdraw cash may charge its own fee. For specific international withdrawal fees, consult your bank.

Most shops and restaurants in Quito take credit cards. Visa and MasterCard are much more widely accepted than Discover or American Express. Credit cards may be used to pay bar tabs on board boats, but check with your tour provider to see which ones are accepted. There is a mandatory 12 percent tax (plus 10 percent service charge, for a total of 22 percent) that will be included in the price of all drinks purchased on board.

It is customary to tip your naturalist guides and boat staff, although it is completely at your discretion and should reflect your level of satisfaction with the services you received. Recommended tipping amounts vary, but they tend to range from a total tip of $140 to $250 on a full-week cruise (or $25 per night). Please check with your tour provider for more specific guidelines.

If you book additional day-tours in Ecuador, a gratuity of $12.00 is recommended for your guide and $7.00 for your driver, per person, including children.

When alone in large cities, pay close attention to bumping and shoving, which are common techniques used by thieves to grab valuables. If possible, do not carry a purse or a wallet. Instead, either store your valuables in a hotel safe or purchase a money/document pouch that can be kept hidden underneath your clothing. Also be alert for possible con games such as unbeatable bargains and offers of friendship and assistance involving money.

Ideally, you should wear your camera underneath a coat and not have it dangling on your shoulder or around your neck when you are in Quito or anytime you are not in the remote areas of the Galápagos. As a visible sign of wealth, a camera may draw unwanted attention.

On your flight to the Galápagos, do not put anything valuable in any unlocked, outside pockets of your luggage. Do not leave any valuables unattended in vehicles. There are no safes on board small boats.

Galápagos National Park Regulations and Best Practices for Visitors

Rarely can you see and experience wildlife and nearly pristine landscapes like you can in the Galápagos Islands. To protect this unique place, the Galápagos National Park Service has established rules for visitors. Please familiarize yourself with them before your departure and follow them stringently while in the islands to conserve this one-of-a-kind archipelago — now and into the future.

• Fully cooperate with environmental inspection and quarantine services personnel during your visit. Introduced plants, animals, and certain foods not native to the islands are a serious threat to the delicate ecosystems here.
• While visiting the islands, you must be accompanied by a licensed Galápagos National Park guide.
• To help with conservation, stay in the officially approved areas and on the marked trails at all times.
• No plants, animals, or their remains (including shells, bones, and pieces of wood), or other natural objects should not be removed or disturbed on land or in the water.
• Be careful not to transport any live material to the islands, or from island to island. Also, be careful not to transport sand.
• Do not take any food or drink other than water to the uninhabited islands.
• Do not touch or feed the animals. A distance of six feet between you and an animal is required. Also, do not allow them to touch you.
• Do not startle or chase animals from their resting or nesting spots. Flash photography disturbs them, so do not use it.
• Do not deface the rocks, trees, or walls. Making any type of graffiti is illegal.
• Do not leave any litter or trash on the islands or throw any off your boat.
• Smoking and campfires are forbidden in the national park.
• Do not fish from your tour boat.
• Motorized aquatic sports and aerial tourism are prohibited.
• Do not buy souvenirs or objects made of native plants or animals from the islands, especially black coral, volcanic rocks, native woods, sea lion teeth, or tortoise shells.

For updates and a more comprehensive explanation of the rules, please consult the Galápagos National Park Service.

And to learn more about how you can help ensure to keep your footprint on the islands small, please watch these short videos:

Best Practices for Galápagos Travelers

Best Practices on Your Boat

Best Practices Against Invasive Species

The electrical current in Ecuador and on your boat is the same as in the U.S.: 110 volts, 60 cycles AC. Generators on boats, however, are not usually running continuously.

Outlet configurations are also the same as in the U.S., so no power converters or outlet adapters are necessary.

Your Health and Safety in the Galápagos

Before leaving on your adventure, check with your health care professional on what medications you may need or want to bring with you. Below, please find a few general guidelines:

Currently, international regulations did not require any inoculations for entry into mainland Ecuador or the Galápagos Islands. However, check with your physician or local public health office for the most up-to-date information. You may also contact the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Georgia, at (800) 232-4636 or visit www.cdc.gov. If you are traveling to other countries before or after your expedition, check the requirements for those nations.

Galápagos waters are generally calm, but the seas can feel rough during bad weather and when the boat is traveling against the current. If you are at all susceptible to motion sickness (or if you are unsure), you may want to bring some sort of seasickness medication with you.

For those sensitive to motion sickness or seasickness, there are three factors to keep in mind:

Time of year:

• Try to avoid late August through October, as the seas are generally more turbulent during this time of the year;

Type of boat:

• Try to avoid sailboats (or motor-sailer) boats since the narrower the boat, the more prone it is to rocking in open waters; while the wider (and heavier) the boat is, the more stable it is.
• The most stable boats are large cruise ships and motor catamarans, followed by wider motorboats; the least stable are narrow sailing boats.

Cabin location on the boat:

• Every sailor knows that the roughest ride is at the top of the boat; the lower down and centrally located you are, the less you feel the motion.

Because Quito is located at 9,200 feet above sea level, the air there may be thinner than what you are used to. Upon arrival, you may feel a bit lethargic and short of breath. It is important to take it easy for the first couple of days. To lessen the effects of altitude sickness, you might want to avoid drinking alcohol while in Quito.

Also, proper hydration is essential: Drink plenty of water, particularly on your international flight to Ecuador and on your last day in the islands before returning to the mainland.

Should you experience problems with altitude, speak with your naturalist guide.

Whenever you travel through a new environment, eat unfamiliar food, or drink water with a different mineral content, you become a candidate for traveler’s diarrhea. As a precaution against getting sick, you may choose to take Pepto-Bismol tablets or acidophilus capsules every day, starting a couple of days before your departure, until a few days after you return.

If you do become ill, one dose of Imodium will often clear up any symptoms. In the meantime, replace lost fluids and minerals — such as sodium and potassium — to avoid dehydration and eat a mild diet, drink caffeine-free beverages that are in factory-sealed containers, and avoid dairy products.

Bacterial diarrhea caused by eating contaminated food or drinking impure water, however, can potentially be very serious (Imodium is not recommended for this type of illness). If you experience persistent symptoms, notify your naturalist guide who will assist you in seeking medical attention. Please check with your doctor regarding carrying emergency antibiotics.

Alternatively, some people find that when traveling in a new environment, constipation can occur. You may also wish to bring laxatives with you.

On the majority of cruises, however, only the highest quality food is served. In this situation, it is perfectly safe to eat all fruits and vegetables. Bottled or purified water is typically available.

Here are some guidelines to follow if traveling on your own before or after your cruise trip:

• Drink only bottled or filtered water.
• Use bottled or filtered water for brushing your teeth.
• Order your drinks without ice.
• Don’t eat food purchased from street vendors; raw vegetables; fruits not peeled yourself; or raw, partially cooked or cold seafood.
• Keep away from dairy products, unless you are certain that they have been pasteurized.

To maintain your safety during your Galápagos adventure, please watch the short video below:

Packing for the Galápagos: What to Bring

One of the secrets to enjoying adventure travel is to pack lightly. That will certainly be true for your exploration of the Galápagos Islands. Airlines serving the Galápagos generally allow only one checked bag per person, which cannot weigh more than about forty-four pounds. And space aboard ship is limited, so a collapsible, duffel-style bag often works best. Since there will be no room for an open suitcase in your cabin, all luggage will need to be stashed away.

Dress is purely casual in the islands. It’s a good idea to pack a change of clothing, rain gear, and any essentials (including TSA acceptable travel-sized toiletries) in a carry-on bag in the unlikely event that your luggage is delayed or lost by the airlines. Secure all parts of your bag before checking it on the flight to the Galápagos.

Following are some general packing guidelines and a checklist to help you determine the right amount of gear to bring with you.

• Due to the hot and humid conditions usually found at sea, bringing clothes made of synthetic, quick-drying material is advisable. Cotton items may not dry completely if they get wet with rain, seawater or sweat.
• Hairdryers are usually available in all cabins. Check with your tour provider.
• Carry any necessities, including travel documents, money, medications and other vital supplies, in your carry-on bag and not in your checked luggage.
• Keep cash in more than one place. Should something happen, not all will be lost.
• Leave expensive jewelry at home.
• You and your travel partner may wish to temporarily combine your belongings and divide them between your two suitcases for your flights. If one suitcase is lost or delayed by the airlines on your way to the Galápagos, having a portion of your gear is better than having none.
• Check the current weather on The Weather Channel (www.weather.com) so that you can be prepared for any unseasonable changes.
• If you plan to lock your luggage, be sure to use a TSA (Transportation Security Administration) approved security device.
• Check with the TSA (www.tsa.gov) to determine which items are suitable for carry-on baggage and which items should be packed in your checked luggage.
• Valid passport (with a photocopy, or scan it and send to your e-mail account). A valid passport is required for all U.S. citizens traveling to Ecuador. Your passport must remain valid for at least six months after your expected return date to the U.S., or you may be not allowed entry into Ecuador. If your expiration date is within six months of your return date, you must have your passport renewed. Carrying a copy of your passport separately from your original will help in the replacement process if it is lost or stolen.
• A copy of your complete flight itinerary.
• A copy of applicable travel and/or medical evacuation insurance (including the policy number and insurance contact information).
• Personal medical and dental insurance cards.
• Credit cards (record your card number and the international phone number to report loss or theft and keep in a separate place).
• The names and phone numbers of emergency contacts.
• Any pre-departure materials sent to you by your tour provider.

Money (also see “ Currency and Other Money Matters ”)

The following will help you to determine the amount of cash you may need to bring with you on your expedition. Consider:

• Optional gratuities (number of trip days multiplied by $14 to $35 per person)
• Extra drinks
• Personal spending money (laundry, internet fees, meals not included in the itinerary, etc.)
• Travel money for before and after your trip (and for any extensions)
• Lightweight, breathable waterproof (not water-resistant) rain jacket with a hood
• Light sweater (for cool-month nights ) or a windbreaker
• 2 Pairs of comfortable, rubber-sole walking shoes or lightweight hiking boots or sneakers with good traction (Tennis shoes or other appropriate soft-soled shoes are preferred while on board the boats.)
• Sport sandals (such as Tevas, Chacos; water-resistant sport sandals are highly recommended for getting in or out of the pangas during wet landings. You must not go barefoot while wading in the water, as the sharp coral can cut like glass. Flip-flops are not recommended.)
• 2 Pairs of comfortable, lightweight pants
• 1 Pair of nylon, zip-off pants (useful for warm days and cooler mornings and nights on the boat)
• 1 Pair of jeans or heavier pants (optional for cooler nights on the boat)
• 2 Long-sleeved shirts
• 6–8 Short-sleeved shirts (you may also want to bring an extra T-shirt to wear while snorkeling if you sunburn easily)
• 3 Pairs of shorts (you may not need as many pairs of shorts if you bring zip-off pants)
• Undergarments
• 2 Swimsuits (for daily snorkeling excursions)
• Wide-brimmed sun hat (with a string to secure it when it gets windy) or a billed cap with a neck flap (The sun is very strong on the Equator, especially from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m.; and although island visits are scheduled in the early morning and late afternoon to avoid the most intense part of the day, protecting yourself against too much sun exposure is wise.)
• Prescription glasses/contact lenses
• Small, lightweight binoculars
• Camera and camera equipment (such as extra batteries and sufficient memory cards; disposable underwater cameras are great for taking photos while snorkeling)
• Ziploc Baggies (several sizes, for wet or dirty clothing and to protect camera equipment)
• Water bottle (to avoid using multiple disposable plastic bottles)
• Sunglasses (with UV protection and a secure strap; polarized glasses help you to see through the reflection at the surface of the water and can be very useful while looking for marine life)
• Sunscreen and lip balm (at least SPF 30)
• Toiletries (you may want to check with your tour provider to see what your ship supplies)
• Earplugs (useful for blocking out boat noises)
• Small sewing kit
• Insect repellent
• Headlamp or small flashlight for exploring caves and lava tunnels or for emergencies
• Hand sanitizer
• Walking stick (Terrain may be rocky and uneven at times, so some travelers find a walking stick helpful.)
• Small, water-resistant daypack (to carry camera gear and other equipment during island walks)
• Snorkeling gear and wet suit (if not provided on your boat)
• Spanish/English dictionary
• Alarm clock (although there is a wake-up call on the ship)
• Extra duffle bag (If you wish to buy souvenirs in Ecuador, bring an empty, collapsible duffel bag that you can fill with your purchases for your trip home. Keep in mind that you are generally only allowed one checked bag on your flight to the Galápagos, but it may be possible to safely store excess luggage at your mainland hotel during your visit to the islands.)

While you are at sea, medicines will be difficult to obtain, so bring any prescribed or over-the-counter medications you take on a regular basis with you. Keep all prescriptions in their original, labeled containers.

• Motion sickness medication (If you are sensitive to motion sickness, bring over-the-counter products or ask your doctor about scopolamine patches or pills.)
• Pepto-Bismol (or Kaopectate) for stomach upset and mild diarrhea
• Imodium or Lomotil for more severe diarrhea
• Antibiotic cream
• Aloe vera cream or gel for sunburn
• Tylenol or other mild pain relief
• Small medical kit

Learning as much as you can about the Galápagos will enhance your experience of the islands. Click here for a selection of excellent books on the archipelago.

To become familiar with the plants, birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and other wildlife you will encounter on your adventure, go to the plant and wildlife sections of this travel guide. You’ll also find Plant and Wildlife Checklists to take with you on your trip.

Spanish is the official language of Ecuador. Your guide will speak both English and Spanish, and most hotel staff and boat crew will speak fluent or some English.

However, local people will appreciate any efforts you make to speak Spanish. You may want to bring along a pocket-sized Spanish/English dictionary.

Mainland Ecuador is located in the Eastern Standard Time (EST) Zone, and the Galápagos Islands are one hour behind (in the Central Standard Time Zone). However, your expedition may choose to follow either the local Galápagos time or EST.

There is little seasonal variation between dawn and dusk, so Ecuador does not observe daylight saving time.

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About the Galapagos Islands

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The Enchanted Archipelago is renowned as an iconic tourist destination – and with good reason. It features some of the world’s most unique and endemic wildlife species, wonderful beaches that continually rank among the world’s best. This living laboratory will offer its visitors a spectacle to be admired, a daily story that will turn this journey into a story to forever be told.

A trip to the Galapagos Islands will be the journey of your lifetime. The archipelago is blessed with pleasant weather all year round, so there is no “best” time to visit the precious islands. However, you may consider factors such as high season vs. low season and the climate, and some other factors, best explained in our when to go to the Galapagos Islands article.

Where are the Galapagos Islands?

The Archipelago is a group of 19 islands, 13 large and 6 small, and dozens of islets and rocks that cover an area of over 17,000 square miles. Its closest point to the mainland is off 600 miles from the West coast of Ecuador in South America

What can I do in Galapagos?

The Galapagos Islands offers everyone the possibility to enjoy a great variety of activities for all ages, interests, and fitness, ranging from the contemplative to the adventurous, and knowing that in everything you do you will experience the best of the wildlife and nature.

By far the most popular activity in the archipelago, trekking in the Galapagos brings the best opportunity to take some amazing pictures of the wildlife and landscapes. You and a small party will be led by a naturalist guide appointed by the Galapagos National Park through trails brimming with wonderful life and awe-inspiring views.

Most tours include snorkeling, the easiest and most practical way to experience the amazing underwater world of Galapagos. Even from the dinghy, you can already see some curious sea lions and penguins watching you coming closer. Enter the waters, and you’ll be overwhelmed by the abundance of marine life surrounding you.

Paddling alongside the island’s shore and observe many birds nesting in the tree branches, schools of baby rays and sharks, as well as other marine life enjoying the tranquil turquoise waters of Galapagos. Discover the hidden beauty of lagoons surrounded by mangrove forest while kayaking at leisure.

Scuba-Diving

In the Galapagos, you can see so many water species and so close; and scuba diving is, without a doubt, the best and most rewarding underwater experience available. Just picture yourself swimming along schools of rays, and admiring really close their graceful movements and shapes, and sea lions wanting to play with the calm turtles who are trying to eat some algae off the rocks. View all of our Diving Tours

Galapagos Natural Wonders

Flora & fauna of the galapagos.

The Galapagos are a naturalist’s dream, filled with a diverse array of plant and animal life unique in the world. This includes such exotic flora and fauna as giant cacti, finches, flightless cormorants, and the famed giant tortoise, whose average lifespan of 100 years makes it the longest living vertebrate on earth. Rumor has it that there may even be a “great-grandpa” tortoise that hatched around the time Darwin arrived at the islands.

Underwater World

The Galapagos marine animals include more than 2,900 species, 25% percent of which are endemic, meaning that they are found nowhere else on Earth. Among the most notable species are the Galapagos penguins (the only penguin species native to the Northern Hemisphere), Galapagos sea lions, marine iguanas, whales, hammerhead sharks and whale sharks.

The Galapagos are a marvel of geological activity . These volcanic islands are relatively new in the grand scheme of things (Isabela and Fernandina, the biggest islands, are said to be less than one million years old). Their formation occurred on the seafloor, at which point three tectonic plates converge and produce volcanic processes that continue to this day.

Galapagos History

If you are interested in who first set foot on the islands -whether it was the Incas, refugees, pirates or seafarers - find out more about the human history of the Islands . Speaking of men on the Islands, Charles Darwin, was one of the first to visit as he was fascinated by the natural history of the archipelago .

Charles Darwin in the Galapagos

The name of Charles Darwin and his famous book the Origin of Species will forever be linked with the Galapagos Islands. Although he was only in the Galapagos for five weeks in 1835, it was the wildlife that he saw there that inspired him to develop his Theory of Evolution.

Visiting the Galapagos Islands will undoubtedly affect you deeply. Travel with us and have the journey of your lifetime amidst playful sea lions, elegant albatrosses, fiery red Sally Lightfoot Crabs, sneaky marine iguanas and many fascinating species more. Make your dream come true and contact us today !

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A vacation to the Galapagos Islands could possibly be the experience of your entire life. Located 1,000 km from the Ecuador, the archipelago is made of 13 huge islands, five of which are inhabited. Find out about the well-known Islands taking a journey here!

The Island’s interesting volcanic geology, as well as its abundant flora and fauna have been enjoyed and also analyzed by lots of tourists, researchers, and nature-lovers. Specialists are still faced with the mystery of precisely how this sort of huge range of species were able to raise in a remote location such as the Galapagos Islands.

Related: Buy Galapagos ticket at super discount

The key reason for travelers to check out the Galapagos Islands is definitely the many creatures, openly romping with that are actually known to plenty of people exclusively from the Natgeo Channel.

The Galapagos Islands are blessed with pleasant climatic conditions throughout every season, consequently there isn’t any “best” moment to visit the precious islands. Yet, you might consider factors for instance peak season vs. low season and also the climate. Whether the vacation is for yourself, your party, or your family, take a look at when to proceed to the Galapagos Islands.

The Galapagos Islands will doubtless impact you deeply. Travel along with us and have the experience of your life around playful sea lions, elegant albatrosses, red sally light-foot crabs, and frigate birds. Allow your dream become a reality and book with us today!

When is the right time to travel the Galapagos?

The Galapagos is a place which can be been to at any time. There’s two seasonal changes. The warmest is between December to May when the sky is generally crystal-clear as well as the sun shines powerfully. If you like to dive, the perfect time to travel is around June and November since the climate is a little cold, will probably have a far better likelihood to observe the Galapagos’ well-known underwater life.

In order to keep the natural beauty of the Galapagos Islands, the Galapagos National Park have reduced the number of visitors by requiring ships to wait 14 days prior to returning to the exact same area. This means that most ships offer alternating itineraries to be able to show as many of their finest Galapagos websites as possible. Escape the crowds and explore the islands on a Galapagos Cruise in tiny groups and with experienced naturalist guides. All Galapagos boat cruises have between 4-16 passengers, ensuring a more personalized service and experience.

The Galapagos Islands were first made famous when British scientist Charles Darwin established his ‘Theory of Evolution’ on his discoveries there. Made up of a bunch of around 13 volcanic islands, approximately 95 percent of this area is currently a part of the Galapagos National Park system and declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

A Galapagos cruise will offer a really unique experience. In the magnificent landscapes which looks like something from the Jurassic era, to the endemic wildlife with as much as 26 species indigenous to these islands and in their natural habitat, there is nowhere else on earth like the Galapagos Islands.

The Way to Access to the Galapagos Islands

Not certain how to get to the archipelago? It’s simple. Your first destination is mainland Ecuador. Whether you’re traveling in the United States, Europe or any place else, you should book an global flight to Guayaquil or Ecuador’s capital, Quito. The Galapagos Islands is a world-famous travel destination renowned for being an isolated and pristine archipelago. Their isolation is one of those qualities that make them so unique. You may be wondering just how one arrives to the islands. Charles Darwin went to the Galapagos Islands on the Beagle, but modern-day explorers arrive by jet. The sole daily flights to the Galapagos Islands depart from the cities of Quito and Guayaquil on mainland Ecuador. International travelers should ensure to arrive to the city in order to start their Galapagos adventure. From the Quito and Guayaquil, there are daily flights linking Ecuador with cities around the Americas and in Europe. Direct flights in the US cities of Miami, Houston, Atlanta, and New York arrive Daily. From Europe you will find direct flights coming in both Amsterdam and Barcelona. After on mainland Ecuador, travelers carry on to one of 2 airports in the Galapagos Islands. The second airport is located around San Cristobal Island. Flights from Quito and Guayaquil fly every day bringing passengers into the enchanting islands. In the airports in the Galapagos, passengers transfer to their cruises or hotels in the port towns of the islands. When booking a cruise in the Galapagos, then it is highly recommended to reserve your flights together with the cruise. This ensures an on-time entrance and averts the chance of missing the cruise death. Our specialist trip advisors can help you arrange every detail of your journey to the Galapagos Islands. Get in touch with them now to book your flights and cruise from Quito or Guayaquil. The trip from Quito the Galapagos is about 2.5 hours, and it takes a bit less time from Guayaquil. Once you get to the mainland, you are only a couple of hours away from viewing the blue-footed boobies and tortoises and swimming with sea lions.

Are there some immunizations recommended?

Not if you have US dollars. In 2000, Ecuador adopted the US dollar as its official currency. Just be sure that you bring money bills in good shape with you. If they have tears in them, they’re very likely to be denied.

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Galapagos Islands to double tourist entry fees amid concerns over rising visitor numbers

By Lilit Marcus, CNN

(CNN) — Tourists to the Galapagos Islands will be asked to pay twice as much in entry fees from this year amid concerns that a rise in visitor numbers is putting pressure on the ecologically sensitive destination.

Ecuador’s Ministry of Tourism has announced the new fees, which will take effect on August 1, 2024.

The entry fee will go from $100 to $200 for nationals of almost all countries, except for other members of the South American trade bloc Mercosur, which includes Argentina, Brazil, and Peru.

Mercosur members will now have to pay $100 per person, up from $50. Children under age two can visit for free, regardless of nationality.

This is the first increase in Galapagos entry fees since 1998.

“The Galapagos Islands are not only a national treasure but a global one. It is our collective responsibility to protect and preserve this unparalleled ecosystem for future generations,” Niels Olsen, Ecuador’s tourism minister, said in a statement shared with the Galapagos Conservation Trust .

Olsen added that the additional money will go toward conservation efforts for the islands, which are 1,000 kilometers (621 miles) off the coast of mainland Ecuador.

The Galapagos are a UNESCO World Heritage site comprised of more than 100 islands. The islands, nicknamed a “living museum,” are home to many rare or endangered plants and animals.

Only some 30,000 people live on one of the Galapagos islands, but about 170,000 tourists visit in a typical year.

The Galapagos Conservation Trust, a UK-registered charity focused on promoting conservation and sustainability on the islands, has warned of ecological consequences from rising visitor numbers.

“Recent years have seen worrying growth in the number of visitors to the Islands, driven by a sharp increase in land-based tourism,” it said on its website.

“This is pushing waste management systems to the limit, exacerbating water and food insecurity, and increasing the threat of devastating  invasive species  being introduced to the Islands.”

Scientific discoveries continue to be made in the archipelago. A previously unknown coral reef , believed to be thousands of years old, was discovered by scientists last year.

In 2021, UNESCO issued a report on the islands and the state of conservation efforts there. The report commended the Ecuadorean government for reducing illegal fishing and controlling the spread of invasive species but had requested an update by 2024.

The destination’s global profile could be raised this year by a new movie, directed by Ron Howard, exploring a true-life story of scandal, sexual liberation and murder which unraveled on a Galapagos island in the 1930s. “Eden,” to be released later this year, is set to star Sydney Sweeney, Vanessa Kirby, Ana de Armas and Jude Law.

The-CNN-Wire ™ & © 2024 Cable News Network, Inc., a Warner Bros. Discovery Company. All rights reserved.

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Galápagos Conservancy

Discovering Fernandina: A Natural Treasure and Sanctuary for Emblematic Species

• March 27, 2024

Fernandina Island is a true gem within the Galápagos Archipelago. It covers an area of 247.87 square miles and has an active volcano that towers 4842 miles above sea level. The volcano has a crater that measures 4 miles in diameter. Being the youngest island in the archipelago, Fernandina is unique and has ecosystems found nowhere else on Earth.

A Haven for Wildlife

Despite being home to one of the world’s most active volcanoes, Fernandina remains a wildlife sanctuary. The island teems with diverse wildlife, from land and marine iguanas to fur seals, penguins, and endemic birds like finches and mockingbirds. Fernandina is also home to breathtaking landscapes and unique ecosystems and holds a story that captivates scientists and nature enthusiasts worldwide.

The Remarkable Discovery of the Fernandina Giant Tortoise

In 2019, the scientific community was shocked when a living Fernandina giant tortoise, Fernanda, was discovered. This particular tortoise, identified as the last known individual of its species, Chelonoidis phantasticus , reignited hope towards the conservation of a species believed to have been on the brink of extinction. Its discovery was extraordinary and significant, inspiring fellow conservationists to take action to protect endangered species.

Challenges and Commitments to Fernandina Conservation

Despite numerous expeditions, another individual of this species has yet to be found, making the story of Fernanda even more poignant. It now lives in the Giant Tortoise Breeding and Rearing Center on Santa Cruz Island, reminding us of the fragility of wildlife and the importance of preserving the natural treasures of the Galápagos Archipelago.

In the face of the harsh conditions and recent volcanic activity, Fernandina remains a special place where science and conservation intersect to protect a unique natural gem. These efforts also provide an unparalleled experience for park rangers and scientists, challenging their work to safeguard our planet’s biodiversity.

Despite facing significant challenges in terms of conservation, Dr. Jorge Carrión , Director of Conservation at Galápagos Conservancy, highlights the critical importance of the dedication and efforts of the rangers from the Galápagos National Park Directorate in this endeavor, their commitment to the long-term protection of Fernandina’s unique nature remains unwavering.

It is more crucial than ever to persist in the fight for conservation. Only by doing so can we ensure that future generations have the opportunity to marvel at the natural wonder of Fernandina Island.

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