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The Sacré Coeur in Paris: A Complete Visitor's Guide

The "Big Meringue" That Crowns Montmartre

TripSavvy / Taylor McIntyre 

Much like the initially despised Eiffel Tower, Paris' Sacré Coeur has always had its fair share of detractors. Parisians frequently refer to it, with more than a touch of disparagement, as "that big meringue" that sits with its turrets jutting out like stiff peaks atop the hilly heights of Montmartre . Others aren't big fans of its gold-leaf heavy, Romanesque and Byzantine-style interiors, deeming them a little too gaudy. 

Nevertheless, the basilica remains one of the city's most iconic and instantly-recognizable structures and is necessarily included in our top 10 recommendations for what to see in Paris on a first trip.  In spite of the general consensus that the Sacré Coeur lacks the sucker-punch beauty and mystique of Notre-Dame or the Sainte-Chapelle, over a million tourists flock to visit the site every year. They trudge up some 270 stairs to reach it at the top of the hill or take the adjacent funicular, all to see firsthand the odd place of worship that has regained popularity thanks to its prominent appearances in films such as Amélie . Such dedication is perhaps fitting, since the area on which the basilica stands is a historic pilgrimage site. 

The bottom line? Especially if you're only just discovering the French capital, a visit to the late-nineteenth century basilica is worth a visit-- if only to thoroughly take advantage of the sweeping panoramic views afforded from the terraces outside. In fact, many people forego going inside altogether-- although the interiors certainly have plenty to offer (scroll down for highlights and architectural details). 

Location and Getting There

The Sacré Coeur is located in central northern Paris, in the heart of the Montmartre neighborhood and the 18th arrondissement (district). 

Address:  Parvis de la Basilique Metro:  Anvers or Pigalle (Line 2); Jules-Joffrin (Line 12); Abbesses (Line 12). From all of these stations, you will have to take a short walk and then either climb the 270 stairs to the basilica, or the funicular located at left at the bottom of the hill (the price is one regular metro ticket). 

Information on the Web:   Visit the official website (in English)

Sights and Attractions Nearby

• Place du Tertre (the famed Montmartrois square now occupied by tourist-oriented landscape artists
• Espace Dali Museum  
• Au Lapin Agile Cabaret
• Montmartre Cemetery : the burial place of figures such as the painter Edgar Degas and the filmmaker Francois Truffaut
• Le Moulin de la Galette (a restaurant and real historic windmill featured in an impressionist painting by Pierre-Auguste Renoir)
• Moulin Rouge

Basilica Opening Hours and Access Points

The Sacre Coeur is open year-round, including on bank holidays, from 6:00 am to 10:30 pm. Entry is free for all. Reservations are not required for groups, but please do respect the atmosphere of near-silence and keep voices to a whisper. 

To access the Dome (from which spectacular panoramic views of the entire city can be enjoyed), use the entrance outside the Basilica, on the left-hand side. That is, if you have the energy to climb another 300 stairs to the top-- there's no elevator. 

The Dome is open daily from 8:30 am to 8:00 pm (May-Sept) and from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm (Oct through April). Visitors are charged for access, but ticket prices are subject to change and no further information is available on the official website. 

Guided Tours:

No guided tours are currently offered, in an effort to preserve the meditative character of the site.  However, you can download a free audio guide here , then listen with headphones during your visit. 

Accessibility:

The Sacre Coeur (main interior site) is accessible to disabled visitors, but some may need special assistance. Access the Basilica via the ramp and elevator located at 35, rue du Chevalier de la Barre, at the back of the building.

Accessible entry opening times:  9.30 am to 5.30 pm. Call  +33 (0)1 53 73 78 65  or +33 (0)1 53 73 78 66 for more information about services and special tours for disabled visitors. 

Safety Warning: Watch Out For Pickpocketers and Scam Artists 

Unfortunately, the area is well-known for harboring scam artists and pickpocketers, so be vigilant at all times. Tourists are often solicited by men waiting on the steps around and up to the basilica; their modus operandi is frequently to show you brightly colored "friendship bracelets" and to offer to let you test how they look on your arm. Once tied on (tightly) they demand payment. Don't fall for this: firmly say "Non, merci" if anyone approaches you offering these wares, and keep moving. 

Also make sure that you keep your purses and bags close to the body, and do not keep valuables like passports or wallets in backpack pouches or pockets: pickpockets are known to operate in this tourist-heavy area. 

Read related: Top Tips For Outsmarting Pickpockets in Paris

A Bit of History 

The present-day basilica is, in fact, the latest place of worship in a long line of temples and churches that have stood on the Montmartre knoll over many centuries. The Druid peoples of ancient Gaul erected temples dedicated to Mars and Mercury here before the Romans built their own temples during the imperial reign. 

During the 9th century, Paris became a major Christian pilgrimage site under the influence of Saint Genevieve, who persuaded religious officials to erect a chapel on the Montmartre knoll in honor of Saint Denis. Even the name of the area reflects its status in the early medieval period as a place of importance to pilgrims: "Montmartre", of course, means "Mount Martyr".  

Read Related: All About the Saint-Denis Basilica and Necropolis, a Burial Site of Kings

In the 12th century, the first major church in Paris, L'Eglise Saint-Pierre, was built not far from the present-day Basilica, next to the long-lost Benedictine Abbey of Montmartre. Destroyed during the French Revolution of 1789, all that remains of the Abbey is a vineyard, now used to celebrate an annual wine harvest each year ( the Vendanges de Montmartre ).

How a War And a Revolution Gave Birth to the Sacré Coeur

Following several tumultuous revolutions, the area once again was elected for a new major site of Catholic worship-- but only a war between France and Germany that broke out in 1870 spurred its construction. The Franco-Prussian War and the "Commune" Revolution in 1871 were both bloody, messy affairs that left relations between France, Germany, and the Vatican in shambles for a variety of complex reasons. 

Catholic leaders in France decided, in response, to build a new place of worship in Paris as symbolic penance for these years of violence and disarray, and Montmartre was chosen for the erection of a new (minor) basilica. With design entrusted to Paul Abadie, construction started in 1875, but the project took years: the basilica in its finished state only opened in 1914-- the same year that World War I broke out. This was a touch ironic, for a site constructed as a symbol of peaceful repentance. 

Architecture & Highlights  

The Sacré Coeur was built in the Romano-Byzantine style, which is why it stands out from its high gothic cousins such as Notre-Dame. It has more in common with sites such as the San Marco Basilica in Venice. 

Read related: Most Beautiful Churches and Cathedrals in Paris

The strikingly white limestone exteriors mark the Sacré Coeur as Parisian, the limestone having been sourced from a nearby quarry. 

The facade features two prominent equestrian statues that you should make note of: Joan of Arc on horseback, and King Saint Louis also in riding mode. 

Inside, heavy use of gold leaf and mosaics gives the basilica a rather "busy" quality-- not to the taste of all, but nevertheless very striking. Light from the stained glass windows points attention toward the apse at the back. The original mosaics were completed in 1922.

The stained glass windows are not the originals: these were unfortunately destroyed by bombs during World War II in 1944, and subsequently restored. 

The grand organ is the work of Aristide Cavaillé-Coll.

After the Eiffel Tower, the prominent Dome  is the highest point in Paris: it's worth a climb for the incomparable views. 

The Bell  weighs an impressive 19 tons-- it's one of the world's heaviest and largest-- and was built in 1895 in the Alpine French city of Annecy. 

Panoramic Views From the "Terraces" 

As mentioned earlier, many visitors never step foot inside the basilica at all, instead admiring the exteriors and enjoying photo ops, and above all taking advantage of remarkable panoramic views from the large terrace. The Eiffel Tower, Notre-Dame Cathedral, Montparnasse tower, and many other major Parisian monuments can be spotted from there, on a clear day. On New Year's eve, this is a popular place to assemble to count down, and firework shows are often on the menu. 

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Where to Stay in Paris: The Best Neighborhoods and Hotels

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Tour de France : Mais que mettent-ils dans leurs musettes ?

Par Dominique Poulain le 11 juillet 2018

Vingt-et-une étapes à braver des centaines de kilomètres, des dizaines d’heures à rouler avec pour seule ressource énergétique le ravitaillement des musettes. Mais que contiennent-elles ?

Des Musettes bien remplies

Chaque coureur dépense environ 3 000 calories pendant une longue étape. Les graisses de réserve de l’organisme fournissent la moitié du carburant pour faire tourner les jambes.

L’autre moitié, 1500 calories, provient des encas pendant l’étape.

Le contenu de la musette a la lourde responsabilité de satisfaire les besoins énergétiques et gustatifs du coureur.

Sucrés  : fruits secs, pâtes de fruits, pain d’épices, biscuits, tartelettes, barres de céréales artisanales ou commerciales (idéal : moins de 5% de lipides pour 100 g), gâteau de riz ou semoule, pâte d’amande, petit sandwich avec du miel, bananes, compote de pommes

Salés  : morceaux de pain tout simples, petits sandwichs, quartiers de pain de mie avec fromage fondu et jambon, carrés de pizza ou quiche: des petites portions pouvant être avalées en 2 à 3 bouchées tous les 10-20 km environ; biscuit salés, pommes de terre grenaille et leur pincée de sel.

Semi-liquide  : Berlingots de lait concentré sucré, Gels d’apport glucidique

♦ Diversification des saveurs ? Oui. Elle permet de ne pas se lasser du goût sucré au bout de 3 heures de route. Nombreux sont les cyclistes à ressentir un profond dégoût pour les produits sucrés, voire même une quasi impossibilité de les consommer au bout de plusieurs heures d’effort. Plus rien ne passe. Le piège se referme sur le coureur : c’est la fringale, l’hypoglycémie, la panne sèche, les jambes en coton, le trou noir. Il faudra réagir très vite : carrés de sucre, gels énergétiques, puis sandwich,…

♦ Diversification des textures ? Oui.   Au cours d’un effort submaximal, le débit sanguin peut être amputé de 50 à 80 % au niveau du tube digestif, d’où les difficultés d’absorption des nutriments et la pénurie d’oxygène qui peuvent se traduire par des douleurs digestives. Le ballotage intestinal pendant la course (montées en danseuse) est aussi inconfortable pour toute digestion. Les coureurs évitent de manger quelque chose de solide pendant les pics d’intensité de l’effort. Les aliments semi-liquides et les boissons glucidiques offrent une assurance glucidique digeste.

♦ Diversification du contenu ? Oui.   Le contenu de la musette s’adapte à la distance à parcourir.

• Distances courtes  : aliments semi-liquides ou de digestion facile prioritaires : gels, pâtes de fruits.
• Distances longues  : aliments solides sucrés et salés pour tenir la route.

Bidon de l’effort :

Les coureurs peuvent consomment 6 à 12 bidons de 500 millilitres au cours d’une étape longue. Leur composition en sucres dépend essentiellement de la température extérieure.

♦ Chaleur   : 1 bidon d’eau  + 1 bidon d’eau avec maltodextrines ou jus de fruit ou sirop,… et 0.5 à 0.6 g de sel fin de cuisine par bidon

♦ Fraicheur   : Bidons d’eau avec sirop de grenadine (environ 3 cuillères à soupe / bidon + 0.5 à 0.6  g de sel fin de cuisine) ou poudre de l’effort à diluer (bien vérifier la teneur en sel : 1 à 1.2 g / litre de boisson reconstituée)

En cas de chaleur, le coureur trouvera dans la musette, un petit sac rempli de glaçons qu’il apposera sur la nuque pour se rafraichir.

Une petite canette de soda s’ajoute dans la musette. Son intérêt nutritionnel est très faible par ses propriétés acides et son hyperosmolarité, mais lors de ces longues journées d’étape, certains coureurs apprécient un peu de changement.

De la technique et de l’adresse

L’organisation du Tour de France positionne un point de ravitaillement, la plupart du temps à mi-parcours, et toujours du côté droit de la chaussée. A chaque équipe d’envoyer un assistant pour distribuer les petits sacs aux coureurs.

La technique de passage de la musette à la volée peut s’avérer délicate quand le peloton traverse la zone de ravitaillement à 50 – 60 km/h ! La musette, forte de près de deux kilos, risque lors du passage de taper la fourche ou le guidon du vélo et entrainer cyclistes au sol…. Il faut de la hardiesse pour exécuter cette manœuvre avec autant de dextérité !

Dominique POULAIN, Diététicienne nutritionniste du Sport. http://www.nutritionniste-dieteticien.fr  

Sources : https://www.letour.fr/fr/

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Visiting Sacré Coeur Paris: Everything you need to know

• David Angel
• Paris , France

About the author: David Angel is a British photographer, writer and historian with 30+years experience exploring Europe. His work regularly appears in global media including the BBC, Condé Nast Traveler, and The Guardian.

Visiting Sacré Coeur Basilica Paris? My guide covers everything from the best vantage points to climbing the dome and even spending part of the night in the church.”

“Visiting Sacré Coeur Basilica Paris is a must-do. This gleaming white domed church on Montmartre hill is one of Paris’ most remarkable buildings and has inspired countless paintings.

Sacré Coeur was a rather exotic and elegant addition to the Paris skyline around a decade after the Eiffel Tower. It’s right next to the village-like squares and lanes of Montmartre, and if you venture up the hill to this part of Paris, Sacré Coeur is one of the first places you’re likely to visit.

So what’s it like inside? Is it as beautiful as its exterior? In this article, I’ll show and tell you everything you’ll need to know about visiting Sacré Coeur – from its history and architecture to what to see inside, when is best to visit, and the all-important business of getting there.

Table of Contents

Visiting Sacré Coeur – Why You Should Go

Sacré Coeur is one of the great landmarks of Paris, a shining white neo-Byzantine basilica visible from many places across the city. It’s also one of the best-known Paris icons, and the second most-visited building in Paris after the Eiffel Tower.

Prior to the tragic Notre Dame Cathedral fire in 2019, it was also the second most-visited church in France. It’s a different experience to many other Paris churches, a relatively recent church with ancient inspiration, especially in the form of its golden mosaics.

History of Sacré Coeur Church

The Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus Christ of Montmartre (La Basilique du Sacré Coeur de Montmartre) was first suggested by the Bishop of Nantes, Felix Fournier in 1870. This was at a time of soul-searching, introspection and tumult for France, as it faced defeat in the Franco-Prussian War.

The building of the basilica of Sacré Coeur was intended as an act of atonement for what were perceived to be France’s sins during the Second Empire under Napoleon III. 

It was built on the hill or butte of Montmartre, the traditional site of the martyrdom of St Denis, the patron saint of Paris, and the highest point and one of the most prominent places in the city.

Montmartre was also the place where the Paris Commune rebellion of 1871 broke out, and the location of Sacré Coeur on the site has long been the source of resentment among supporters of the Commune and the French left wing. 

Architect Paul Abadie was chosen to design the new Paris basilica, and the foundation stone was laid in 1875. Abadie died in 1894 with le Sacré Coeur nowhere near completion – it wasn’t finished until 1914, and was finally dedicated in 1919, after the end of the First World War.

What To See At Sacré Coeur

The exterior of Sacré Coeur is more striking than the interior, but I would still make time to venture inside and decide for yourself. It’s one of the most famous landmarks in France , a very distinctive church partly inspired by Romanesque architecture, but also with Near Eastern Byzantine influence.

Sacré Coeur’s exterior and façade bears some resemblance to the Cathedral of St Front in Périgueux, which was rebuilt by the architect of Sacré Coeur, Paul Abadie, between 1852 and his death.

Sacré Coeur maintains its brilliant whiteness because of a high level of calcite within its stones, which has the effect of cleaning them when rainwater falls on them.

Inside, the first thing you’ll notice is how dim the lighting is, in stark contrast with the bright exterior – visitors to the Duomo in Florence will have experienced something similar.

The most striking feature you’ll notice inside when visiting Sacré Coeur is the vast (475 square metre) apse mosaic. The Byzantine-style mosaic is one of the largest in the world and depicts Christ in Majesty.

The figures surrounding Christ include the Virgin Mary, St Michael (St Michel) and Joan of Arc (Jeanne d’Arc), the three saints that traditionally protect France.

Although nowhere near the scale of the apse mosaic, it’s also worth seeking out the golden mosaic in the northern dome of Sacré Coeur. It depicts the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, surrounded by angels. Soon after you enter the church, also look out for the mosaics in the niche of the baptismal font.  

The Crypt of Sacré Coeur was closed during my recent visit, but I saw it on my first two visits to the Basilica. It’s unusual in that it’s not quite underground – the church is built on elevated ground, with steps leading up to it.

As a result, there are stained glass windows in the crypt, which is a little disconcerting! It’s well worth a look when you are visiting Sacre Coeur. There is also a reliquary in the Crypt purportedly containing the Sacred Heart of Jesus.

How long do you need at Sacré Coeur

Visiting Sacré Coeur church should take no more than an hour – add an extra half an hour if you’re climbing the dome.

Photography In Sacré Coeur Basilica

In the past, photography inside Sacré Coeur has been forbidden, but the rules had been relaxed when I visited in July 2022.

Photography is now permitted within designated areas, so there plenty of places from which you can photograph the most impressive subject, the apse mosaic, as well as other features including the stained glass windows and side chapels.

Best Time To Visit Sacré Coeur

Early morning is the best time for visiting Sacré Coeur. Most visitors to Paris are still in bed or having breakfast, so you’ll have the church largely to yourself.

I have also visited Sacré Coeur late in the evening, around 9 pm, and it’s very atmospheric at this time, with low lighting and the mosaics illuminated.

Sacré Coeur Tickets

You don’t need tickets to visit the interior of the Basilica – entry is free, you just have to go through a security check.

You don’t need a reservation when visiting Sacré Coeur – just turn up and go through security. The only Sacré Coeur ticket you’ll need is for the climb up the dome, which is one of the highest viewpoints in Paris.

Sacré Coeur Opening Hours

Sacré Coeur is open between 6.30 am and 10.30 pm daily.

Visitors staying at the Guest House adjacent to the Basilica can access the Basilica between 10.30 pm and 6.00 am as part of the Night Adoration . This is an all-night vigil, during which prayers are offered continuously through until morning.

Sacré Coeur Mass Hours

On weekdays (Monday to Friday) Mass is held at 7 am, 11 am, 6.30 pm and 10 pm. It is also held on Fridays only at 3 pm.

On Saturdays, Mass is held at 7 am, 11 am and 10 pm.

On Sundays, Mass services are at 7 am, 11 am, 6 pm and 10 pm.

Other services in Sacré Coeur are held each day, observing parts of the ancient tradition of seven fixed prayer times each day.

These include lauds (morning prayer), sext (midday prayer), vespers (evening prayer) and compline (night prayer). The Divine Offices page on the Sacré Coeur website has up-to-date service times.

How to get to Sacré Coeur

There are several ways to get to Sacré Coeur. One of the most popular is the Montmartre funicular, which terminates just below Sacré Coeur. You can reach it via Anvers, on Metro line 2. From there, it’s a 5-minute walk up Rue de Steinkerque and around the corner to the left.

Alternatively you can walk up the staircases of Place Louise Michel, which lead directly to the Basilica.

Bus 40 is another useful way of getting to Montmartre. It follows a circular route between Le Peletier, calling at Pigalle and Abbesses en route to Sacré Coeur. You can also get to Sacré Coeur on the 40 bus from Lamarck-Caulaincourt Metro. This bus also stops at some of the steep Montmartre backstreets, including the picturesque Rue de l’Abreuvoir .

You can find more information on the number 40 bus in Montmartre on the RATP site.

The walk up to Sacré Coeur from Abbesses Metro station (on line 12) is considerably shorter than that from Anvers. You can take a short-cut via Rue Berthe and the stairs of the Escaliers du Calvaire to the corner of Place du Tertre.

If you prefer not to walk, there is also Le Petit Train de Montmartre , which runs from Place Blanche (close to the Moulin Rouge) to the Place du Tertre. You can take the return journey back to Blanche after some time exploring Montmartre for yourself.

Safety tips around Sacré Coeur

The Parvis du Sacré Coeur, the area in front of the main façade of the Basilica, and the steps below are often packed with visitors. It’s a popular spot for watching Paris sunsets, hanging out and enjoying a drink and the view over the city.

It also attracts many Paris pickpockets and petty criminals. Sacré Coeur is one of the main places they operate, so if you’re going to hang out there, take a few precautions. If you’re going to carry cash or cards, do so in a concealed money belt.

Don’t walk around with your phone in your back pocket, and don’t carry handbags with thin straps which can easily be cut.

That bottle of cold beer from an ice bucket you enjoy may well have been bought from an illegal street hawker.  But this is pretty harmless compared to being relieved of your wallet.

The bottom line: if you don’t want to be pickpocketed in Paris, don’t carry anything that can be stolen.

Views of Paris from Sacré Coeur

There are fine views of Paris from Sacré Coeur, both at ground level and from the dome, 300 stone steps above. Either place is great in summer to watch the late evening light glow on the city before setting off to the right.

During the summer, the foliage on the trees blocks some Eiffel Tower views , but you can see more of it in the winter months, when the trees are bare.

You see more of the city from the gallery, in the upper row of arches in Sacré Coeur dome. It’s worth a look, but I wouldn’t say the dome is one of the best viewpoints in Paris because it’s so high above the city.

However I’d suggest the steps below Sacré Coeur and some of the other staircase streets in Montmartre offer better views of Paris.

Places to visit near Sacré Coeur

Sacré Coeur rather overshadows its neighbour, the 12 th century St Pierre de Montmartre, once the church of Montmartre Abbey. Along with St Germain des Pres and St Julien le Pauvre , it is one of the oldest churches in Paris, and retains much of its early medieval core.

The Place du Tertre, one of the most famous squares in Paris, is around 100 metres from Sacré Coeur. It is crammed with overpriced restaurants, but is wonderfully atmospheric in the evening, when dusk descends and the lights come on around the square and on Sacré Coeur.

The rest of Montmartre is within a few minutes’ walk. You could follow Rue des Saules downhill to the picturesque La Maison Rose restaurant, passing the Clos de Montmartre vineyard along the way. It’s a little further down to Au Lapin Agile , one of the oldest cabarets in Paris.

Further down the hill, you’ll find some of the best streets in Paris to explore, including Rue Lepic and Rue des Abbesses. Follow Rue Lepic down to Boulevard de Clichy, and turn right to find the ever-turning wheel of the Moulin Rouge , the most famous cabaret in Paris.

Visiting  Sacré Coeur – Final Words

Sacré Coeur has always divided opinion, and I have to say my opinion is divided too.

I’ve always loved the exterior of Sacré Coeur. It’s a slightly exotic feature of the Paris skyline. Some websites cite St Mark’s Basilica as an inspiration, but it has always reminded me as much of another of the most famous churches in Venice , the white domed church of Santa Maria della Salute, on the Grand Canal.

Some views of Sacré Coeur are wonderful, particularly from across the city (especially the Arc de Triomphe) and, closer in, from Rue de l’Abreuvoir, Rue St Rustique and the Place du Tertre. I even had a print of Sacré Coeur from the latter on my bedroom wall during my teenage years.

However, my three visits inside Sacré Coeur have left me with mixed feelings. Before my recent third visit, I struggled to recall my previous visits to the church other than a feeling of emptiness and disappointment.

Some of the mosaics – particularly the main apse mosaic of Christ in Majesty – are impressive, but I feel there’s a lack of soul to the place. Every time I’ve visited, large crowds have been milling around, which doesn’t help.

Much is made of it being open for many hours every day as a house of prayer, but then you’re asked to fork out for the cost of lighting a prayer candle – either 3 or 10 euros – which is exorbitant.

Visiting Sacre Coeur is definitely worthwhile – just set the alarm clock and go very early in the morning to appreciate it most.

Check out these other famous churches in Paris:

• La Sainte Chapelle Paris – one of the most beautiful Gothic churches ever built
• Saint Germain des Pres – landmark Left Bank church, possibly the oldest church in Paris
• Saint Sulpice Paris – one of the wonders of the Latin Quarter
• Saint Etienne du Mont – late Gothic and Renaissance gem in the Latin Quarter

David Angel is a British photographer, writer and historian. He is a European travel expert with over 30 years’ experience exploring Europe. He has a degree in History from Manchester University, and his work is regularly featured in global media including the BBC, Condé Nast Traveler, The Guardian, The Times, and The Sunday Times.  David is fluent in French and Welsh, and can also converse in Italian, German, Portuguese, Spanish, Czech and Polish.