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Is it safe to fly during pregnancy?

Generally, air travel before 36 weeks of pregnancy is considered safe for people who aren't dealing with any pregnancy problems. Still, if you're pregnant, it's a good idea to talk with your health care provider before you fly.

Your provider might suggest that you not fly if you have certain pregnancy complications that could get worse because of air travel or that could require emergency care. Examples include a history of miscarriage or vaginal bleeding, severe anemia, and high blood pressure or diabetes that's not well controlled. If you had preeclampsia during a previous pregnancy — a condition that causes high blood pressure and extra protein in urine — flying may not be advised. The same is true if you're pregnant with twins or other multiples.

Tell your provider how far you are flying, as the length of the flight might make a difference. Also, be aware that some airlines may not allow pregnant people on international flights. Check with your airline before you make travel arrangements.

After 36 weeks of pregnancy, your health care provider may advise against flying. And some airlines don't allow pregnant people to fly after 36 weeks. The airline also may require a letter from your health care provider that states how far along in your pregnancy you are and whether flying is advised.

If your health care provider says it's okay for you to fly, and your plans are flexible, the best time to travel by air might be during the second trimester. The risks of common pregnancy emergencies are lowest during that time.

When you fly:

• Buckle up. During the trip, keep your seatbelt fastened when you are seated, and secure it under your belly.
• Drink plenty of fluids. Low humidity in the airplane could cause you to become dehydrated.
• Avoid gassy foods and drinks before you fly. Gases expand during flight, and that could make you uncomfortable. Examples of foods and drinks to avoid include broccoli and carbonated soda.
• Think about medical care. Plan for how you'll get obstetric care during your trip if you need it. Bring copies of your medical information in case you need care while you're away.

Blood clots

Air travel can raise the risk for blood clots in the legs, a condition called venous thrombosis. The risk is higher for pregnant people. Moving your legs may help prevent this problem. Take a walk up and down the aisle every hour during the flight. If you must remain seated, flex and extend your ankles from time to time. In general, it's best to avoid tightfitting clothing, as that can hinder blood flow. Wearing compression stockings can help with blood circulation during a long flight.

Radiation exposure linked to air travel at high altitudes isn't thought to be a problem for most people who fly during pregnancy. But pilots, flight attendants and others who fly often might be exposed to a level of radiation that raises concerns during pregnancy. If you must fly frequently during your pregnancy, talk about it with your health care provider.

Mary Marnach, M.D.

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• Allergy medications during pregnancy
• AskMayoExpert. Health considerations for air travelers: Pregnancy considerations. Mayo Clinic; 2022.
• Air Travel During Pregnancy: ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 746. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2018/08/air-travel-during-pregnancy. Accessed Dec. 1, 2022.
• Ram S, et al. Air travel during pregnancy and the risk of venous thrombosis. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2022; doi:10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100751.

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Flying While Pregnant – Your Guide to Airline Policies [2023]

Chris Hassan

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Airline Policy Chart

Alaska airlines, american airlines, avelo airlines, breeze airways, delta air lines, frontier airlines, hawaiian airlines, southwest airlines, spirit airlines, united airlines, british airways, cathay pacific, etihad airways, qatar airways, singapore airlines, virgin australia, virgin atlantic, tips for flying while pregnant, final thoughts.

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Whether heading on a vacation or babymoon, traveling for work, or visiting family for the holidays, flying while pregnant is extremely common and generally safe when following standard air travel precautions.

As always, wearing a seatbelt and staying hydrated is very important, but so is checking with your doctor, as well as your airline, to confirm any additional requirements.

Depending on your destination and airline, policies may vary, so we created a guide to help make the process just a little bit easier for expectant moms.

Let’s look at what you can expect on your next flight if you are expecting.

Flying While Pregnant Overview

Many airlines allow pregnant women to fly if they haven’t passed 36 weeks of gestation .

However, that number may vary based on medical conditions as well as the destination of the flight, as international flights can have different rules.

U.S. Airline Pregnancy Policies

Alaska Airlines does not have any specific policy for flying while pregnant.

American Airlines requires pregnant passengers to provide a doctor’s certificate stating they’re fit to fly if they’re due within 4 weeks of the flight.

If the flight is within 7 days of the delivery date, your physician must complete a special approval form, and a special assistance coordinator from American Airlines will be assigned to you.

For international travel or travel over water within 4 weeks of your due date, a physician’s note stating that you are fit to fly after being examined within 48 hours of the flight is required.

Pregnant passengers do not face any restrictions when flying on Avelo and a medical certificate is not required for you to travel.

Breeze does not have restrictions or require a medical certificate for pregnant passengers.

Delta Air Lines has no restrictions for pregnant passengers and does not require medical clearance, regardless of the due date.

Frontier Airlines requires a medical certificate starting at the 36th week of pregnancy.

Alternatively, a waiver may be signed at the ticket counter, releasing the airline of liability.

Hawaiian Airlines requires a medical certificate if you’re due within 7 days when flying within Hawaii.

For international flights or between North America, an exam completed within 48 hours of your flight and a certificate are required if the flight is within 30 days of your due date.

JetBlue only requires a medical certificate if you’re due within 7 days of the flight. The exam must be completed within 72 hours of the departure date.

If you are past due, you will not be allowed to fly, even with documentation.

Southwest Airlines recommends against air travel for passengers at or past 38 weeks of pregnancy but does not prohibit it.

The airline may, however, ask pregnant passengers not to sit in the emergency row.

Spirit Airlines “urges” pregnant passengers past 8 months (32 weeks) to get a doctor’s exam before flying to confirm it is safe to travel.

However, no mention of a medical certificate being needed to fly.

United Airlines has no restriction for up to 36 weeks of pregnancy.

Starting the 36th week, an obstetrician’s certificate (original and 2 copies) is required, stating that mother and baby are fit for travel. The certificate must be dated within 72 hours of the flight, although it is preferred to be within 1 day of departure if possible.

The due date must be after the final flight on the itinerary.

International Airline Pregnancy Policies

Aeromexico passengers who are 33 weeks pregnant or more must provide a medical certificate that can be uploaded 48 hours before the flight departure.

The exam must be completed within 5 days of the flight, and it is a good idea to bring a copy of the certificate to the airport just in case.

Air Canada has no restrictions for passengers until their 36th week of pregnancy. After 36 weeks, there is no official statement or requirements.

Air France does not require medical clearance before flying. However, the airline recommends seeking a doctor’s opinion before flying.

Although it is not prohibited, Air France recommends avoiding air travel starting at 37 weeks of pregnancy.

British Airways does not permit pregnant women to fly after the 36th week if they’re pregnant with 1 baby or after the 32nd week for more than 1 baby.

The airline recommends expectant mothers travel with a note from their doctor or midwife confirming:

• If the pregnancy is single or multiple
• Expected due date
• No complications with the pregnancy

This note should be completed as close to the travel dates as possible.

The table below shows the requirements and certificates needed to travel for those with uncomplicated pregnancies.

Cathay Pacific advises that you may be denied boarding if you’re not carrying a required medical certificate or if that certificate is outdated or incomplete.

Emirates has flight restrictions starting at 29 weeks of pregnancy.

Expectant mothers traveling during or after 29 weeks must bring a medical certificate signed by a doctor or midwife that includes:

• Single or multiple pregnancies
• Estimated due date
• The latest date your doctor expects you to be fit for travel
• You are in good health
• That there is no known reason that would prevent you from flying

Passengers are prohibited from flying after the 36th week of a single pregnancy or the 32nd week of a multiples pregnancy.

If you need to request an exception to the rule, you can apply for medical clearance by submitting a medical information form .

Etihad Airways has flight restrictions starting at 29 weeks of pregnancy.

From weeks 29 to 36 (29 to 32 for a multiples pregnancy), a medical certificate is required to fly.

Passengers are prohibited from flying once reaching the 37th week of a single pregnancy or the 33rd week of a multiples pregnancy.

If you need to submit a medical certificate, you can download it before arriving at the airport.

Japan Air Lines requires a medical certificate  for the following circumstances:

• When the expected delivery date is within 28 days or is uncertain
• When expecting multiple births
• When there were previous premature births

KLM advises expectant mothers not to fly after reaching 36 weeks of pregnancy. Getting medical clearance to fly is not required, but it is recommended.

LATAM allows pregnant passengers of up to 29 weeks to fly without authorization. From the 30th week on, a medical certificate is required.

After 39 weeks, travel is prohibited.

Lufthansa does not require medical clearance until after the 28th week of pregnancy.

Beyond the 28th week, it is recommended that you travel with a certificate that includes:

• Confirmation that the pregnancy does not have any complications
• A statement from an obstetrician stating that the pregnancy does not prevent you from flying

From the 36th week, this certificate is required to fly. In the case of twin or multiples pregnancy, flying is prohibited after the 32nd week.

Qatar Airways recommends traveling with a doctor’s certificate until the 29th week of pregnancy. After the 29th week arrives, the certificate is required.

At the beginning of the 33rd week, a doctor’s certificate, as well as a MEDIF form , is required and must include the following:

• Patient’s name and date of birth
• Estimated date of delivery
• Proposed dates of air travel
• Confirmation of uncomplicated pregnancy
• Confirmation that the patient is fit for travel
• Date, stamp, and contact details of a qualified doctor

After the 36th week of pregnancy begins, Qatar Airways will not allow you to fly, or 33 weeks in the case of a multiples pregnancy.

Singapore Airlines has no requirements until after the 28th week of pregnancy.

From the 29th week to the 36th week (32nd week for a multiples pregnancy), a medical statement is required to fly that includes:

• Fitness to travel
• Number of weeks pregnant

This certificate must be dated within 10 days of the first flight.

After the 36th week (or the 32nd week for a multiples pregnancy), air travel with Singapore Airlines is not allowed.

After 28 weeks, you will be required to provide a letter from your doctor, dated within 10 days of travel, “outlining the estimated due date, single or multiple pregnancies, the absence of complications, and your fitness to fly for the duration of the flight(s) booked.”

Medical clearance is required for any pregnancy with complications or within 5 days of normal vaginal delivery.

The following conditions are unacceptable for travel:

Virgin Atlantic has no requirements until the 28th week of pregnancy.

From the 28th week to the 36th week (32nd week for a multiples pregnancy), a doctor’s certificate may be requested at the airport or onboard. The certificate should state that there have been no complications and show the estimated due date.

After the 36th week (or 32nd week for a multiples pregnancy), air travel with Virgin Atlantic is prohibited. Travel after the cut-off date may be permitted in special circumstances.

WestJet only recommends that expectant mothers check with their physician or midwife before traveling if they are more than 36 weeks pregnant.

Hot Tip: Are you planning your first trip with your little one? Read the ultimate guide to booking a lap child on your next flight .

Most of these travel tips are helpful for everyone, but especially for expectant mothers.

Choose the Right Seat

Choosing the right seat can make a big difference on an airplane. By sitting in a bulkhead or an aisle seat, you will have more room to stretch your legs and more freedom to get up to use the bathroom if needed.

Also, this may be a good time to splurge on a business or first class seat so you can lie flat and get some rest.

Wear Comfortable Clothing

Wearing comfortable clothing is travel 101, but wearing comfortable layers will give you options if you find the cabin too hot or cold.

Wear Compression Socks

A popular travel hack (even if you aren’t pregnant) is to wear compression socks to reduce swelling and help with blood flow.

However, it may be a good idea to speak with your doctor if you haven’t used them before.

Get Up and Stretch

Walking up and down the aisle is a great way to get your blood flowing and keep oxygen levels up.

Stay Hydrated

Planes are notorious for being dry and sucking moisture out of the air. Pack a big water bottle and ask for more while onboard to ensure you don’t get dehydrated.

Beat Nausea

If you are prone to nausea, bring remedies such as candies and crackers (or whatever works for you) because smells can sometimes be unavoidable inside a plane.

Buy Travelers Insurance

Having travelers insurance is always a good idea, especially if you are traveling far from home — even more so if you are late in your pregnancy.

Hot Tip: Once your little traveler is born, they will want to fly with you. Here is the ultimate guide to baby bassinet seats on 50+ airlines .

Pregnancy is a beautiful thing, and combining it with travel can be a recipe for some wonderful memories.

If you’re planning a bucket list babymoon or just need to keep working and traveling, knowing which airlines will best accommodate you is essential when booking travel.

This guide has plenty of information, and when you’re ready to start traveling with your little one in tow, be sure to come back and read our family travel guides!

All information and content provided by Upgraded Points is intended as general information and for educational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as medical advice or legal advice. For more information, see our  Medical & Legal Disclaimers .

Frequently Asked Questions

Is it safe to fly when pregnant.

In most cases, flying while pregnant is perfectly safe as long as normal safety precautions are taken.

Can you fly during the third trimester? 

Most airlines will allow expectant mothers to fly until the 36th week of pregnancy, often with a doctor’s note.

Do airlines restrict pregnant passengers?

Most airlines allow pregnant passengers to fly until they are 36 weeks pregnant. Some have no restrictions at all.

What are the rules when flying while pregnant?

Each airline sets its own policy regarding flying while pregnant, and it often depends on gestation age and how complicated the pregnancy is. We put together a list of the most popular airlines and their pregnancy policies.

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About Chris Hassan

Chris holds a B.S. in Hospitality and Tourism Management and managed social media for all Marriott properties in South America, making him a perfect fit for UP and its social media channels. He has a passion for making content catered toward family travelers.

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Flying while pregnant? Here’s what you need to know

Editors note: This guide has been updated with the latest information.

During pregnancy, seemingly harmless things like eating deli meat and cleaning your cat's litter box are suddenly off-limits, along with more obvious restrictions on sports like skiing and scuba diving.

But what about "grey area" activities like flying in an airplane?

There's no single set of guidelines governing air travel during pregnancy and every airline has different restrictions, timelines and requirements. Some airlines may also require a medical certificate from a primary attending doctor or midwife for air travel during the final months of pregnancy, though even that varies, with U.S. airlines typically offering more flexibility than international carriers.

For more TPG news delivered each morning to your inbox, sign up for our daily newsletter .

In the absence of clear guidelines, TPG turned to Dr. Nithya Gopal , a board-certified OB-GYN physician and the Director of OB-GYN services at Viva Eve in New York City, for her expert recommendations on safe air travel during pregnancy.

Here's what she had to say:

Is it safe to fly when you are pregnant?

There is no evidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes due to flying, according to Dr. Gopal.

"The general consensus is that it is safest to fly in the first and second trimesters," Dr. Gopal told The Points Guy. "While the first and third trimesters tend to be when the most obstetric emergencies are going to happen, I personally become more cautious with my patients after 32 weeks because of the increased risk for premature labor and the possibility of needing urgent medical attention when you are in the sky."

The most important thing you can do, no matter how far along you are in your pregnancy, is to consult with your healthcare provider before flying.

"Any time you are planning to fly during pregnancy , you should be having that conversation," Dr. Gopal said. Your provider will be familiar with any safety precautions you should take to ensure a safe and healthy flight.

Related: Guide to flying in each trimester of pregnancy

The airline you are flying may have its own cutoff, so you will want to confirm with it beforehand whether you will be allowed to fly if you are in (or nearing) your third trimester. We've included a chart below that outlines the rules for most major airline carriers.

What can you do to stay comfortable on a flight?

When you factor in morning sickness and general pregnancy discomfort with the increased risk for blood clots that all fliers need to be aware of, flying during pregnancy can be uncomfortable even when it is deemed safe.

Dr. Gopal shared her recommendations for addressing these common issues when you take to the (baby-) friendly skies during pregnancy. Her number one tip for staying comfortable while in flight is to wear compression socks to help maintain blood flow and reduce swelling in the legs.

In addition, "I also tell my patients to get up and move at least every hour when they are on the plane," Dr. Gopal said.

To prevent clotting, "some doctors may also prescribe a low-dose aspirin," she added. "It isn't something that is recommended by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), but it isn't harmful, either."

If it's nausea or acid reflux that ail you, there are medications generally considered safe that you can take to alleviate your symptoms. These would be the same ones prescribed by your doctor for morning sickness, so speak with your provider before your flight to ensure you have what you need at the ready.

Dr. Gopal also advises wearing loose, unrestrictive clothing (along with your seatbelt, or course) and drinking extra fluids to counteract the pressurized air in the cabin and keep you hydrated.

"Over-the-counter Gas-X may also help with bloating that can happen as a result of the pressurized air," Dr. Gopal said.

Related: What happens when a baby is born in flight?

Must you speak with your healthcare provider before flying?

Even if your pregnancy is considered low-risk, it's always a smart idea to speak with your healthcare provider before flying. "There are a number of potential risks that go along with flying during pregnancy and those risks can change from week to week and month to month, so it's important to have that honest conversation with your doctor," Dr. Gopal said.

Related: Things You Should Do Before, During and After Flying to Stay Healthy

There are certain pregnancy conditions that may make flying more risky or unadvisable. If you are hypertensive, asthmatic or prone to clotting disorders, it's even more critical to speak with your doctor before flying.

Airline policies differ, but if you need documentation, it never hurts to include enough detail to satisfy the most stringent airline requirements.

"As with many things related to air travel, it's better to be safe than sorry," Dr. Gopal said. "It's definitely worth it, and sometimes necessary, to have medical documentation from your provider's office."

A thorough medical certificate or waiver should state:

• The number of weeks of pregnancy.
• The estimated delivery date.
• Whether the pregnancy is single or multiple.
• Whether there are any complications.
• That you are in good health and fit to travel through the date of your final flight.

Additionally, the certificate should be:

• Written on official clinic or hospital letterhead if possible.
• Signed by the doctor or attending midwife.
• Be dated no later than 72 hours before the departure date.
• Be written in clear, simple English.

Carry this certificate with you on your flight. Some airlines won't ask to see it, but others will. Some airlines also may have their own documentation requirements. See the chart below to find out which airlines require it.

Airline policies for pregnant women

Bottom line.

Even though it may be deemed safe, flying during pregnancy can be uncomfortable — and it is perfectly acceptable to implement your own cutoff for flying with your baby bump in tow. The majority of the time, though, flying is perfectly safe during pregnancy, providing that you follow the guidelines of the airline and your healthcare provider. Read on to learn more about traveling before, during and after pregnancy:

• What to expect in every trimester of pregnancy
• 4 tips for planning travel while planning a pregnancy
• Babymoon boom! These are the top 10 spots for a US getaway before the baby comes
• Flying with a baby checklist

Additional reporting by Katherine Fan and Tarah Chieffi.

Flying While Pregnant? Check Out the Policies on 25 Global Airlines

In the absence of obstetric or medical complications, occasional air travel during pregnancy is generally safe, according to the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology  (ACOG). Like other travelers, pregnant women should use seat belts while seated. 

Most commercial airlines allow pregnant women to fly up to 36 weeks of gestation, with some restrictions on international flights. 

ACOG does not recommend air travel for pregnant women with medical or obstetric conditions that may be exacerbated by flight or that could require emergency care. It advises checking flight durations when planning travel and that the most common obstetric emergencies occur in the first and third trimesters.

Once aboard a flight, conditions including changes in cabin pressure and low humidity, coupled with the physiologic changes of pregnancy, do result in adaptations, including increased heart rate and blood pressure, reports ACOG. And those traveling on long-haul flights face the risks associated with immobilization and low cabin humidity. This can cause issues such as lower extremity edema and venous thrombotic events.

ACOG recommends preventive measures to minimize these risks, including the use of support stockings, regular movement of the lower extremities, avoid wearing restrictive clothing and encourage regular hydration. It also advises against consuming gas-producing foods or drinks before a flight.

Other ways for pregnant women to be comfortable on their flights include: booking a bulkhead seat for more legroom; reserving an aisle seat for easy access to lavatories and to walk; elevating your legs on a carry-on bag to avoid swelling and cramps; and wearing a layered, comfortable outfit for changing cabin temperatures.

Airlines around the world have different rules and regulations on when and how long pregnant women can fly. Below are the policies from 25 airlines around the world.

The French flag carrier does not require pregnant women to carry a medical certificate for travel during pregnancy. It recommends avoiding travel in the final month of pregnancy, as well as during the first seven days after delivery. The airline also recommends expecting mothers seek their doctor's opinion before traveling.

India’s flag carrier allows expectant mothers in good health to fly up to and including their 27th week of pregnancy. After 27 weeks, if the pregnancy is anticipated to be a normal delivery, an expectant mother will be accepted for travel up to the 35th week, but a medical certificate confirming the mother is fit to travel is required by an attending obstetrician and dated within three days of travel.

Air New Zealand

For single, uncomplicated pregnancies and clearance from a doctor or midwife women can take flights more than four hours up to the end of their 36th week. For flights under four hours, it's up to the end of the 40th week. Women pregnant with twins can fly more than four hours up to their 32nd week and less than four hours until the 36th week.

The airline recommends that women past their 28th week carry a letter from a doctor or midwife that says you are fit for travel, confirming your pregnancy dates and that there are no complications.

The airline's medical team must offer clearance for women experiencing the following: a complicated pregnancy, such as placenta previa or bleeding; a multiple pregnancy; a history of premature labor; or have begun the early stages of labor. 

Italy's flag carrier has no travel restrictions for expectant mothers during the first eight months of pregnancy. But if traveling within the last four weeks of pregnancy, expecting multiple births, or having a complicated pregnancy, medical clearance is required. Completion of a Medical Information Form, MEDIF , prior to travel and signed by both the passenger and doctor is required.

Alitalia advises pregnant not to fly seven days prior to and seven days after giving birth, or if there is a risk of a premature birth or other complications. It will make staff available to escort pregnant women from the airport check-in counter to the boarding gate. Staff onboard the flight will help stow carry-on luggage. Seats can be pre-assigned and women cannot sit in an exit row.

All Nippon Airways

The Japanese carrier requires women within 15 to 28 days of their due date to fill out and carry a medical information form . Women within 14 days of their due date are required to have a medical form and travel with a doctor. The form must indicate there are no complications of pregnancy, that the passenger has no health problems preventing them from flying and the due date. It must be completed by a doctor and submitted no more than seven days prior to departure.

American Airlines

The Fort Worth-based carrier has different rules for international and domestic flights. If a due date is within four weeks of a flight, you must provide a doctor’s certificate stating that you’ve been recently examined and you’re fit to fly. For domestic flights under five hours, pregnant women won’t be permitted to travel within seven days (before and after) their delivery date. Those who need travel within this timeframe will need approval from a physician and help from a special assistance coordinator . The pregnant woman's physician will be required to fill out a passenger medical form before a flight. A special assistance coordinator will send the form directly to your physician.

Clearance from a special assistance coordinator is required for international travel or travel over water. Within four weeks of a due date also requires a physician's note stating that you’ve been examined within the past 48 hours and you’re fit to fly. And seven days before or after delivery also requires a passenger medical form to be completed by your physician.

British Airways

The U.K. carrier does not allow pregnant women to fly after the end of the 36th week if you are pregnant with one baby or the end of the 32nd week if you are pregnant with more than one baby. While it isn't mandated, British Airways recommends all expecting mothers carry a confirmation from a doctor or midwife, such as a letter or certificate, in addition to your pregnancy record. It should be written within seven days prior to travel and confirm your approximate due date, that you're fit to travel and that there are no complications with your pregnancy.

Cathay Pacific

 Hong Kong's flag carrier requires that women with pregnancies after 28 weeks carry a medical certificate, dated within 10 days of travel that states the following: 

• single or multiple pregnancy
• estimated week of pregnancy
• expected due date 
• certifying you are in good health and the pregnancy is progressing normally, without complications
• that you are fit to travel

The airline accepts pregnant women with uncomplicated single pregnancies to travel up to 36 weeks and uncomplicated multiple pregnancies up to 32 weeks.

Delta Air Lines

The Atlanta-based carrier does not impose restrictions on flying for pregnant women, so a medical certificate is not required to travel. But the airline will not waive ticket change fees and penalties for pregnancy. The airline recommends that those flying after their eight month should check with their doctor to be sure travel is not restricted.

The U.K.-based airline has no restrictions for pregnant passengers traveling up to the end of the 35th week of single pregnancies and the end of the 32nd week for multiple pregnancies.

Pregnant women can travel up to their 29th week without a medical certificate. After that, they require a certificate or letter signed by a qualified doctor or midwife that states whether the pregnancy is single or multiple, is progressing without complications, includes an estimated due date, that you are in good health and there's no known reason to prevent you from flying. Pregnant passengers are not allowed to fly after the 32nd week of a multiple pregnancy, and after the 36th week of a single pregnancy.

This Abu Dhabi-based carrier allows women with single or multiple pregnancies to travel during the first 28 weeks without a medical certificate. For single pregnancies between 29 and 36 weeks, a medical certificate is required. After 37 weeks, pregnant women will not be allowed to travel. For multiple pregnancies, a certificate is required between the 29th and 32nd week; after that, women will not be allowed to travel.

The medical certificate must include the following: 

• Be issued and signed by a doctor or midwife
• Written on a clinic/hospital letterhead and/or stamped by the doctor or midwife
• State that the guest is fit to fly
• State if the pregnancy is single or multiple
• State the number of weeks of pregnancy and the Expected Date of Delivery 
• Easily understood and written in Arabic or English. Other languages are accepted but must be verified by Etihad Airways' check-in staff

The original medical certificate shall be accepted for the whole journey (originating, return and stopover flights), provided the above validity criteria is met for each sector. And it is valid for three weeks from the date of issue.

The New York-based carrier does not allow pregnant customers expecting to deliver within seven days to travel unless they provide a doctor's certificate dated no more than 72 hours prior to departure stating that the woman is physically fit for air travel to and from the destinations requested on the date of the flight and that the estimated date of delivery is after the date of the last flight.

The Dutch flag carrier recommends pregnant mothers not fly after the 36th week, along with the first week following delivery. For those expecting more than one baby, the carrier recommends consulting with a physician prior to flying. If you have had complications, you always need to have permission to fly from your physician.

Expectant mothers with complication-free pregnancies can fly on the German flag carrier until the end of the 36th week of pregnancy or up to four weeks before their expected due date without a medical certificate from a gynecologist. But the airline recommends that pregnant women beyond the 28th week have a current letter from a gynecologist that includes confirmation that the pregnancy is progressing without complications and the expected due date. The doctor should expressly state that the patient’s pregnancy does not prevent her from flying.

Because of the increased risk of thrombosis during pregnancy, the airline does recommend that expectant mothers wear compression stockings while flying.

Malaysia Airlines

The Malaysian flag carrier requires medical clearance for expectant mothers approaching 35 weeks for international travel or 36 weeks for domestic travel. If medical clearance is required, the MEDIF application form should be completed by a doctor and submitted to the airline through its ticketing offices or travel agents at least five working days before traveling.

Philippine Airlines

An expectant mother who is in normal health and with no pregnancy complications will be allowed to fly after filling out an EMIS form . Pregnant women may be accepted for travel if they are not beyond 35 weeks when they fill out Part One of the EMIS form. Those between 24 and 32 weeks of pregnancy will have to fill out EMIS Form Part 2. And if the expectant mother is below 21 years of age, the consent in writing of the husband, parent or guardian must be secured. For expectant mothers beyond 32 weeks of pregnancy, EMIS Part 3 must be accomplished by the Flight Surgeon or Company Physician, who shall issue the clearance for travel

After the 28th week, women are required to have a certificate or letter from a registered medical practitioner or registered midwife confirming the delivery date, whether it's a single or multiple pregnancy and that the pregnancy is routine.

For flights longer than four hours, women can fly up to the end of the 36th week for single pregnancies and the end of the 32nd week for multiple pregnancies. For flights under four hours, women can travel up to the end of the 40th week for single pregnancies and the end of the 36th week for multiple pregnancies. The carrier requires medical clearance  if there are pregnancy complications or it's not a routine pregnancy.

Qatar Airways

 No doctor's note is required for women traveling through their 28th week of pregnancy. Expectant mothers can fly between week 29 and week 32 with a doctor's note and a pregnancy with no complications. Those with a multiple pregnancy will need a doctor's note and a  Medical Information Form (MEDIF) . Between weeks 33 and 35, women will need a doctor's note and a MEDIF. The airline does not accept women in their 36th week and beyond.

 The low-cost Irish carrier allows expectant mothers to fly up to their 28th week of pregnancy. After that, the airline requires women to have a ‘fit to fly’ letter from their midwife or doctor. For an uncomplicated single pregnancy, travel is not permitted beyond the end of the 36th week of pregnancy, while the cut-off for an uncomplicated multiple pregnancy is 32 weeks. 

Singapore Airlines

For uncomplicated single pregnancies, the carrier restricts expectant mothers from travelling beyond the 36th week of pregnancy; for uncomplicated multiple pregnancies, the restriction is the 32nd week.

For uncomplicated single pregnancies between 29 weeks and 36 weeks, expectant mothers must provide a medical certificate stating the following: (1) fitness to travel, (2) number of weeks of pregnancy and (3) estimated date of delivery. The certificate should be dated within ten days of the date of the first flight exceeding 28 weeks of pregnancy. This certificate will have to be presented at check-in when requested.

Southwest Airlines

The Dallas-based carrier advises expectant mothers at any stage of pregnancy to consult with their physicians prior to air travel. The airline recommends against air travel beginning at the 38th week of pregnancy. It warns that in some cases, traveling by air has been known to cause complications or premature labor. Depending on their physical condition, strength, and agility, pregnant women may, in some cases, be asked not to sit in the emergency exit row.

Turkish Airlines

Turkey's flag carrier allows mothers pregnant with one child to travel between the 28th and 35th week if they have a doctor's report that includes the phrase, “There is no particular reason for the patient not to fly.” For women pregnant with more then one baby, the travel cut-off is the end of the 31st week with a doctor's report. The report has to be no more than seven days from the travel date. 

United Airlines

Any woman in the first 36 weeks of pregnancy will be allowed to travel on the Chicago-based carrier without medical documentation. An expectant mother traveling after the 36 weeks of pregnancy must have the original and two copies of an obstetrician’s certificate, which must be dated within 72 hours of a flight’s departure. The original certificate should be submitted to a United representative at check-in.

Virgin Atlantic

 The London-based airline allows travel without restrictions until the 28th week of pregnancy provided that you're free from complications to that point. The carrier asks pregnant mothers to inform its Special Assistance department so they can offer appropriate inflight health advice. Between the 28th and 36th weeks of pregnancy, a doctor's or midwife's certificate is required, stating that the passenger is safe for travel and the expected due date (32 weeks if carrying multiples in an uncomplicated pregnancy). Beyond the 36th week of pregnancy, travel is only permitted for medical/compassionate reasons and the pregnant passenger is required to be accompanied by a medical escort. This travel is subject to the approval of a Virgin Atlantic doctor.

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Pregnant Travelers

Pregnant travelers can generally travel safely with appropriate preparation. But they should avoid some destinations, including those with risk of Zika and malaria. Learn more about traveling during pregnancy and steps you can take to keep you and your baby healthy.

Before Travel

Before you book a cruise or air travel, check the airlines or cruise operator policies for pregnant women. Some airlines will let you fly until 36 weeks, but others may have an earlier cutoff. Cruises may not allow you to travel after 24–28 weeks of pregnancy, and you may need to have a note from your doctor stating you are fit to travel.

Zika and Malaria

Zika can cause severe birth defects. The Zika virus is spread through mosquito bites and sex. If you are pregnant, do not travel to  areas with risk of Zika . If you must travel to an area with Zika, use  insect repellent  and take other steps to avoid bug bites. If you have a sex partner who lives in or has traveled to an area with Zika, you should use condoms for the rest of your pregnancy.

Pregnant travelers should avoid travel to areas with malaria, as it can be more severe in pregnant women. Malaria increases the risk for serious pregnancy problems, including premature birth, miscarriage, and stillbirth. If you must travel to an area with malaria, talk to your doctor about taking malaria prevention medicine. Malaria is spread by mosquitoes, so use  insect repellent and take other steps to avoid bug bites.

Make an appointment with your healthcare provider or a travel health specialist  that takes place at least one month before you leave. They can help you get destination-specific vaccines, medicines, and information. Discussing your health concerns, itinerary, and planned activities with your provider allows them to give more specific advice and recommendations.

Plan for the unexpected. It is important to plan for unexpected events as much as possible. Doing so can help you get quality health care or avoid being stranded at a destination. A few steps you can take to plan for unexpected events are to  get travel insurance ,    learn where to get health care during travel ,  pack a travel health kit ,  and  enroll in the Department of State’s STEP .

Be sure your healthcare policy covers pregnancy and neonatal complications while overseas. If it doesn’t get travel health insurance that covers those items. Consider getting medical evacuation insurance too.

Recognize signs and symptoms that require immediate medical attention, including pelvic or abdominal pain, bleeding, contractions, symptoms of preeclampsia (unusual swelling, severe headaches, nausea and vomiting, and vision changes), and dehydration.

Prepare a  travel health kit . Pregnant travelers may want to include in your kit prescription medications, hemorrhoid cream, antiemetic drugs, antacids, prenatal vitamins, medication for vaginitis or yeast infection, and support hose, in addition to the items recommended for all travelers.

During Travel

Your feet may become swollen on a long flight, so wear comfortable shoes and loose clothing and try to walk around every hour or so. Sitting for a long time, like on long flight, increases your chances of getting blood clots, or deep vein thrombosis. Pregnant women are also more likely to get blood clots. To reduce your risk of a blood clot, your doctor may recommend compression stockings or leg exercises you can do in your seat. Also, see CDC’s Blood Clots During Travel page for more tips on how to avoid blood clots during travel.

Choose safe food and drink. Contaminated food or drinks can cause travelers’ diarrhea and other diseases and disrupt your travel. Travelers to low or middle income destinations are especially at risk. Generally, foods served hot are usually safe to eat as well as dry and packaged foods. Bottled, canned, and hot drinks are usually safe to drink. Learn more about how to choose safer  food and drinks  to prevent getting sick.

Pregnant women should not use bismuth subsalicylate, which is in Pepto-Bismol and Kaopectate. Travelers to low or middle income  destinations  are more likely to get sick from food or drinks. Iodine tablets for water purification should not be used since they can harm thyroid development of the fetus.

After Travel

If you traveled and feel sick, particularly if you have a fever, talk to a healthcare provider immediately, and tell them about your travel. Avoid contact with other people while you are sick.

More Information

CDC Yellow Book: Pregnant Travelers

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Here Are the Rules for Flying When You're Pregnant

Whether you're newly pregnant or planning a babymoon right before welcoming your baby, here's what parents-to-be need to know about airline travel during each trimester.

Expectant parents need to know: Can you fly when pregnant?

While it's mostly OK to travel until the last few weeks of pregnancy, there are some precautions to take depending on when you decide to book a trip and how high risk your pregnancy is. Here's what you need to know before your next vacation.

Pregnancy and Flying: Your Trimester by Trimester Guide

As a general rule of thumb, most airlines will allow pregnant people to fly right up until week 36 of pregnancy, but you should absolutely do your research before booking your flight to check restrictions. You'll also want to consult with your OB-GYN or midwife before traveling—especially if you're at a higher risk for complications during pregnancy.

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Before you travel

While you may be accustomed to planning a vacation on a whim or only packing your usual necessities, there's one extra thing you should consider doing before booking a flight during your pregnancy: Opt for travel insurance.

Should travel restrictions change, your health care provider recommends you stay home, or if you experience any concerning symptoms —like bleeding, abdominal pain, swelling, headaches, vision changes, or decreased fetal movement—you'll want to postpone or cancel your plans and see your doctor as soon as possible.

According to the ACOG, travel is not recommended for pregnant people with certain complications like preeclampsia, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), or who are at risk of preterm labor.

First trimester

Flying earlier on in pregnancy is actually considered pretty safe. And, no, metal detectors won't harm your fetus.

"Pregnant women can observe the same basic precautions for air travel as the general public," Raul Artal, M.D., former vice chairman of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) Committee on Obstetric Practice, previously told Parents .

One thing pregnant air travelers should take extra precautions to avoid at any trimester? Blood clots, which pregnant people are 7 times more likely to develop—especially during long flights. To help minimize your risk, you can book an aisle seat, walk around every so often, and wiggle your legs and toes while seated.

And since morning sickness and fatigue might be your biggest first trimester complaints, you may want to check with your health care provider about bringing anti-nausea medicine with you.

Second trimester

According to the ACOG, "The best time to travel is mid-pregnancy (14 to 28 weeks). During these weeks, your energy has returned, morning sickness is improved or gone, and you are still able to get around easily. After 28 weeks , it may be harder to move around or sit for a long time."

If you're flying during your second trimester, it's a good idea to stay hydrated, think about wearing support stockings to reduce edema and clot risk, and make sure you've done your research on hospitals located near your destination should an emergency arise.

Carrying twins or more? Your health care provider might recommend you stop traveling earlier due to the higher risk of complications.

Third trimester

How late in pregnancy can you fly? If you're relatively healthy—and not at risk of complications like preterm labor, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, or placenta previa—then you're usually OK to travel up until 36 weeks, though some OB-GYNs may prefer you stay closer to your home near the end should you encounter any complications or in case your baby comes sooner than expected.

High-risk patients—and especially those with pregnancy-induced hypertension, diabetes, and sickle-cell disease—may be advised not to fly after 24 weeks—or not at all.

Check with your doctor before traveling at the end of your pregnancy.

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Safety of Air Travel During Pregnancy

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Pregnancy was once seen as something that sent women to their homes once their bellies began to protrude (hence the term "confinement"). It was not considered appropriate for pregnant people to be seen in public.

Nowadays pregnancy rarely changes schedules, with the exception of high-risk pregnancies or other complications. People usually can continue their normal lives for the duration of the pregnancy, with minor exceptions (like knowing where all the bathrooms are!). Travel is no exception.

Travel is becoming more prevalent as families move further and further apart. Traveling for holidays, or as the last trip to see the family before the baby comes, or as a last romantic vacation, is not unusual. This includes out of the country travel and often air travel.

The Science on Pregnancy and Air Travel

For ethical reasons, there are not many studies on air travel and miscarriage rates. One 2015 study showed a slight increase in first-trimester miscarriage for flight attendants, but this was often associated with high physical job demands and disruptions to their sleep cycles.

In-flight radiation is also a slight risk for flight attendants. An estimated 2% of flight attendants are exposed to a solar particle event during their pregnancies, although the amount of radiation varies by length of time in the air, the routes flown, and so on. However, the risk to the average flier is negligible. The average 10-hour flight only exposes fliers to 0.05 mSv of radiation, or 1/1000th of the limit set by the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.

Precautions for Air Travel During Pregnancy

Flying is fairly safe while pregnant, even for flight attendants, with some minor adjustments. There are, however, some issues to bear in mind if you are pregnant and considering multiple, frequent, or very long flights:

• Air travel is extremely dehydrating. You'll need to drink a lot of water while in the air.
• Air travel requires that you sit still for long periods. If you're likely to experience cramps or other pregnancy-associated issues, you may be quite uncomfortable.
• Airplanes are not equipped to handle in-air birth or pregnancy-related complications . Even if your airline permits travel, you may simply be smarter to stay on the ground if you're close to giving birth or are experiencing any pregnancy-related issues.

There are some precautions that a pregnant traveler should consider:

• Talk to your practitioner before flying. If you are more than 36 weeks pregnant, many airlines will not let you fly for fear that you'll deliver on board.
• Try to do the majority of your traveling in the second trimester . Not only will you be more comfortable, but in general the risks of miscarriage and preterm labor are lower.
• Avoid excessive flying. Although there are no hard and fast numbers, one study found that flight attendants with higher miscarriage rates flew on average 74 hours per month.
• Make comfort arrangements. Try to get seats with more legroom, plan to walk in the aisles, anticipate bathroom breaks, and bring water.
• Avoid travel to countries that would require immunizations that you don't already have or are that are not considered safe for pregnancy. Talk to your practitioner for more info on immunizations during pregnancy, as some immunizations are considered appropriate while pregnant.
• Because pregnant people are more vulnerable to COVID-19, you may wish to avoid unnecessary travel, particularly to high-risk areas.

So remember, flying is not contraindicated in an uncomplicated pregnancy, but use your common sense and speak to your practitioner about your travel plans.

Grajewski B, Whelan EA, Lawson CC, et al. Miscarriage among flight attendants . Epidemiology . 2015;26(2):192-203. doi:10.1097/EDE.0000000000000225

Hezelgrave NL, Whitty CJM, Shennan AH, Chappell LC. Advising on travel during pregnancy . BMJ. 2011;342:d2506. doi:10.1136/bmj.d2506

Zubac D, Stella AB, Morrison SA. Up in the air: Evidence of dehydration risk and long-haul flight on athletic performance . Nutrients . 2020;12(9):2574-2589. doi:10.3390/nu12092574

Cone JE, Vaughan LM, Huete A, Samuels S. Reproductive health outcomes among female flight attendants: An exploratory study . J Occup Environ Med. 1998;40(3):210-216.

Ellington S, Strid P, Tong VT, et al. Characteristics of women of reproductive age with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection by pregnancy status — United States, January 22–June 7, 2020 . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69(25):769-775. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6925a1

By Robin Elise Weiss, PhD, MPH Robin Elise Weiss, PhD, MPH is a professor, author, childbirth and postpartum educator, certified doula, and lactation counselor.

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Table of Contents

Is it safe to fly while pregnant?

Airline restrictions for pregnant passengers, when not to fly while pregnant, can you fly internationally while pregnant, tips for flying while pregnant, flying while pregnant, recapped.

Do you want to plan a trip but aren’t sure if you should hop on a plane when you’re expecting? Is it okay to fly while pregnant? How late can you fly pregnant internationally? What are the important considerations to factor in when booking? 

The short answer: Flying while pregnant is possible, so long as you and your doctor align on what is safe for you and your baby. 

That said, flying when pregnant may be a bit more complicated, especially if you’re planning a trip close to your due date. Here’s what to keep in mind when plotting your next air-based excursion and traveling while pregnant.

According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, most people experiencing healthy pregnancies can travel by air until quite close to their due date.

How close depends on several factors, including recommendations from your healthcare provider and airline rules, which vary between carriers.

So if you’re planning a trip, start by talking with your doctor before you book a ticket, as those experiencing high-risk pregnancies may be advised not to travel.

Your provider can perform an exam, check medical records and advise when, where and how far you should travel. Every pregnancy is different, and your doctor will consider your specific needs and concerns.

Keep in mind, you can travel during nearly any point in your pregnancy, though airline restrictions may prevent you from flying too close to your due date.

If you’ve been cleared to travel, ACOG recommends to do so is in the second trimester, between 14 and 28 weeks. That’s because any morning sickness may have lessened by then, and there’s a lower risk of miscarriage. Moving around or sitting for long periods in your last trimester can also become uncomfortable.

» Learn more : How to fly with your baby

Airline policies regarding pregnant travelers vary, but most don’t require any special documentation until late into pregnancy. 

United Airlines allows pregnant travelers to board without medical documentation before their 36th week of pregnancy.

American Airlines allows pregnant passengers to fly without documentation up to four weeks before their due date.

Southwest Airlines doesn’t require any special documentation, but it doesn’t recommend travel after 38 weeks.

As you get closer to your due date, you’ll need to check with your airline, as many require special permissions to fly.

For example, on American Airlines you’ll need a doctor’s note to travel domestically within four weeks of your due date. For international travel, you’ll also need approval from a special assistance coordinator.

Airlines may provide specific guidance about what documentation is required, but typically this is a certificate from an obstetrician stating that you're fit for air travel for the dates of your trip. 

Depending on the airline, the certificate might need to be dated within 48 or 72 hours of your scheduled departure, so you’ll need to plan ahead.

No matter which airline you’re flying with, check the restrictions and requirements if you’ll be booking close to the end of your third trimester.

While many pregnant travelers are fine to hop on a plane, there are others who should avoid air travel or be cautious about it. 

This is especially true for those with the following conditions: 

A history of blood clots or heart disease.

A history of miscarriage, premature labor or ectopic pregnancy.

Those carrying twins or other multiples. 

First-time mothers who are over 35 years old. 

This list is not exhaustive, which is why it’s always a good idea to talk with your doctor to find out if air travel is safe for you.

Pregnant travelers should also choose their destinations carefully. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends expectant mothers stay away from any regions with a high risk of contracting Zika or malaria or any locales where live vaccines are required or recommended for travel.

How long should your flight be if you’re flying while pregnant? The United Kingdom’s National Health Service states that flying for longer than four hours carries a small risk of blood clots.

So not only will a shorter flight be more comfortable, it’s also safer for you and your baby.

According to the CDC, some airlines will let you fly internationally until 36 weeks, but others may have an earlier cutoff. Generally, it’s wise to check the individual airline’s policies related to flying internationally while pregnant.

For example, British Airways allows passengers with one baby to fly until the end of the 36th week (or the end of the 32nd week if you’re pregnant with more than one baby). Meanwhile, Delta Air Lines has no requirements for pregnant passengers and only recommends checking with your doctor before flying.

In short: How late you can fly pregnant internationally varies from airline to airline.

Consider purchasing a separate travel insurance policy or booking your trip with a credit card that offers coverage as a perk if you want more flexibility to adjust travel plans. Cancel For Any Reason coverage is an add-on option that can refund you anywhere from 50% to 75% of any upfront deposits, depending on your specific policy.

» Learn more: The best travel insurance providers

Flying while pregnant may look and feel different, so to make travel as enjoyable as possible, consider taking a few extra precautions before heading to the airport.

Talk to your doctor about vaccines and immunizations : Depending on where you’re headed, it’s important to make sure you’re up to date on important vaccines.

Reduce your risk of poor circulation : Stay hydrated, wear loose clothing, get up to stretch or walk the aisle often and talk to your doctor about whether you should wear compression socks.

Book an aisle seat : This will offer you the option to get up, move around and use the bathroom as often as you need without disturbing seatmates. Alternatively, use this time as an excuse to book a first class ticket .

Bring a well-stocked first aid kit : While every traveler could benefit from packing a first aid kit, pregnant travelers may want to add items like nausea medication, hemorrhoid cream, treatment for yeast infections, personal medicines and prenatal vitamins.

Know where the nearest hospital is at your destination : Hopefully, you won’t need to visit during your trip, but knowing where it is can help ensure you can get to medical treatment quickly if needed.

Consider buying travel insurance : Should complications happen when you’re far from home, including premature labor, travel insurance can bring peace of mind. It may also save you money if you need to return home quickly for medical reasons. Just make sure to get a travel insurance policy that suits your needs.

» Learn more : Does travel insurance cover medical expenses?

Flying while pregnant is acceptable for most people during most pregnancies.

That said, before you book your ticket, check with your doctor to make sure you’re cleared to travel. Additionally, look into airline restrictions and requirements and make plans to help you be more comfortable while flying.

Following these steps will help you have a safe and enjoyable experience, whether you’re flying across the country or around the world.

How to maximize your rewards

You want a travel credit card that prioritizes what’s important to you. Here are our picks for the best travel credit cards of 2024 , including those best for:

Flexibility, point transfers and a large bonus: Chase Sapphire Preferred® Card

No annual fee: Bank of America® Travel Rewards credit card

Flat-rate travel rewards: Capital One Venture Rewards Credit Card

Bonus travel rewards and high-end perks: Chase Sapphire Reserve®

Luxury perks: The Platinum Card® from American Express

Business travelers: Ink Business Preferred® Credit Card

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1x-5x 5x on travel purchased through Chase Ultimate Rewards®, 3x on dining, select streaming services and online groceries, 2x on all other travel purchases, 1x on all other purchases.

60,000 Earn 60,000 bonus points after you spend $4,000 on purchases in the first 3 months from account opening. That's $750 toward travel when you redeem through Chase Ultimate Rewards®.

1.5%-6.5% Enjoy 6.5% cash back on travel purchased through Chase Travel; 4.5% cash back on drugstore purchases and dining at restaurants, including takeout and eligible delivery service, and 3% on all other purchases (on up to $20,000 spent in the first year). After your first year or $20,000 spent, enjoy 5% cash back on travel purchased through Chase Travel, 3% cash back on drugstore purchases and dining at restaurants, including takeout and eligible delivery service, and unlimited 1.5% cash back on all other purchases.

$300 Earn an additional 1.5% cash back on everything you buy (on up to $20,000 spent in the first year) - worth up to $300 cash back!

on Capital One's website

2x-5x Earn unlimited 2X miles on every purchase, every day. Earn 5X miles on hotels and rental cars booked through Capital One Travel, where you'll get Capital One's best prices on thousands of trip options.

75,000 Enjoy a one-time bonus of 75,000 miles once you spend $4,000 on purchases within 3 months from account opening, equal to $750 in travel.

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The 5 best airlines to fly while pregnant for a more comfortable trip

Get priority boarding and special in-flight meals by choosing one of these top airlines when you're expecting.

Is it safe to fly while pregnant?

How we chose the best airlines for flying during pregnancy.

• Best domestic airline: Delta 
• Best international airline: Singapore Airlines

Factors to consider when choosing an airline 

Planning on taking a babymoon or visiting out-of-town family during your pregnancy? While you're probably excited to relax and see loved ones, you may dread one part of the trip: air travel. Reliability (especially when you have to use the restroom every five minutes and a wait on the tarmac sounds tortuous) and safety are key — not to mention perks like priority boarding to pregnant passengers. 

"When you're flying for a babymoon or a special celebration, your flight can set the whole mood – if you have a terrible flight, it will color your whole trip," says Becca Bower, head of flights for Fora, a travel agency that helps travelers plan, among other things, babymoons. "Conversely, an amazing experience can get you excited for what's to come."

Here's what you need to know about flying while pregnant (including important safety considerations) as well as the best airlines that can make flying during pregnancy the best experience possible.

One of the biggest questions you might have right now is whether it's even safe to fly. The good news? Occasional air travel is generally safe during pregnancy, according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Opens a new window . (Although you should always keep your seatbelt on in case of turbulence!) 

There are a couple of caveats to keep in mind: Typically, you can't fly after 36 weeks of pregnancy , and the cutoff can happen earlier for international travel, so read the fine print before booking. Also, air travel isn't considered safe for people with certain pregnancy complications , so you'll want to talk with your healthcare provider before buying a ticket.

As a long-time lifestyle editor, a travel writer for the past six years, and a mom of two kids (ages 2 and 4), I've taken more than a dozen flights during my pregnancies – including five long-haul flights ranging between six and 12 hours. So, I know personally what a good (and not-so-good) pregnancy flight experience can be. 

I also combed the BabyCenter Community and spoke to 10 other travel-loving moms to get their input on the best airlines to fly during pregnancy. Based on my own personal experiences and those of other moms who traveled during pregnancy, I used the following criteria to choose the best airlines: 

Reliability. Airlines should have top reliability ratings, because no pregnant woman wants the added headache of a canceled or delayed flight, not to mention lost luggage. 

Best-in-class quality. Whether the airline was highly ranked in the United States or globally, all of our picks are considered top-tier in categories including safety and service. Flying with an airline that ranks low on industry lists is not something many expectant women are comfortable with.

Special accommodations. Most airlines don't publicize "official" perks for pregnant passengers on their websites, but the top-ranked airlines typically go out of their way to support you during pregnancy. The airlines below confirmed that you can ask gate agents or the flight team for special assistance (such as with priority boarding or help at the airport) during pregnancy. 

In addition, I asked two experts for their opinions:

Becca Bower , head of flights for Fora Opens a new window , a travel agency that helps travelers plan babymoons, among other vacations

Preethi Harbuck , a mom of six and founder of the blog The Local Passport Family Opens a new window

Ready to book your flights? Check out our top airlines to fly while pregnant: 

Best domestic airline: Delta Opens a new window  

Flight delays are usually one of the biggest headaches during pregnancy — you're sitting in an uncomfortable airport chair as the hours slowly tick by — which is why Delta is one of the best airlines to fly with kids and during pregnancy.  Delta was the number one U.S. carrier in 2023 for on-time percentage at 84% Opens a new window , and it had the lowest number of complaints from customers. That's probably music to any pregnant woman's ears. 

I personally took a Delta flight back when I was pregnant with my daughter and had a smooth and stress-free experience (no delays, lost luggage, or flight cancellations — whew). 

Delta also doesn't require a doctor's note, so for those who would rather not go through the hassle of obtaining one (or get grilled about how many weeks pregnant they are), this can be a major plus. "I also feel they have the best customer service and products among domestic airlines right now," Bower adds.

Heads up: A Delta spokesperson told me that their team members are always willing to help if you need assistance at the airport or on the plane. 

Parents say: "I've traveled Delta, Korean Air, and United Airlines throughout the time I've been pregnant (29 weeks now), and they all let me pre-board and change to aisle seats once I asked."

Buy tickets Opens a new window

Best international airline:  singapore airlines opens a new window.

I flew Singapore Airlines with my two children (ages 11 months and 3 at the time) and had the hands-down best family flight experience. The flight attendants knew our children's names when we boarded, and gave them each an age-appropriate toy. So, it was no surprise to me that Singapore Airlines came up as one of the best airlines to fly during pregnancy. 

Not only was Singapore Airlines ranked the number one airline by Skytrax's 2023 World Airline Awards Opens a new window , but it was also Conde Nast Traveler's Readers' Choice Best International Airline Opens a new window for 2023 thanks to its high ratings for comfort and reliability (a major pregnancy bonus). Plus, pregnant women can call Singapore Airlines 48 hours prior to their flight to discuss any special assistance needs, an airline spokesperson says. 

The airline also has a partnership with the Golden Door Spa (on flights between the U.S. to Singapore) to provide passengers with healthier fare, in-flight stretching, and meditation programming – a great benefit for those feeling stiff and stressed. 

Heads up: Because it's an international airline, pregnant women will need a medical certificate to fly after 28 weeks of pregnancy, and they aren't able to fly past 36 weeks, per Singapore Airlines policy Opens a new window . 

Parents say: "I flew Singapore Airlines when I was pregnant, and the staff was so friendly — it made for such a relaxed flight experience."

Buy tickets Opens a new window  

Best budget airline:  southwest opens a new window  .

Having a baby is obviously expensive, so if you're trying to save money on tickets, Southwest is a reliable (except for that one Christmas meltdown Opens a new window ) budget option. Nerdwallet Opens a new window ranked it number two in luggage handling, for example. It also has special perks if you're flying while pregnant.

"Southwest Airlines lets pregnant women preboard," Bower says. "Combined with their open seating policy, this ensures you can pick a seat that's right for you, whether that's near the bathroom or on an aisle." 

Heads up: Southwest is known for its friendly staff members.

Parents say: "With Southwest, you get a decent ticket price, two checked bags, and nobody trying to charge you for the audacity to have a purse and a carry-on ... And I'll take their 'first come, first serve' seating. It's never caused issues with us with the relatively short distances we fly."

"We flew Southwest for our babymoon. When we were boarding our return flight, the gate agent told me we could have boarded earlier with the families group. It was nice she was looking out [for us]." 

Most reliable airline:  Alaska Airlines Opens a new window

Calling all people who hate flight cancellations (as in, pretty much everyone): Alaska ranked number one amongst domestic airlines with the lowest cancellation rate at under 1%. When you're pregnant, the last thing you want is to wait at the airport for the next flight – or worse yet, have to stay on hold for hours while calling up customer service. 

Heads up: Alaska is known for its family-friendly perks (such as ensuring that all family members can sit together at no additional cost) and its special accommodations for pregnant women. "If a pregnant person requested the ability to board early, we would absolutely let them," says an Alaska Airlines spokesperson. 

Parents say: "I have always had very good experiences with Alaska, so I pick them when I can." 

Best luxury experience:  Air France Opens a new window

Air France turns the whole flying experience into a "real moment of pleasure," per Skytrax's 2023 World Airline Awards Opens a new window , which isn't something you typically hear about air travel!

Its first-class offerings really set the airline apart, Bower adds – if you're willing and able to splurge, that is. "Air France has a true first class, La Première Opens a new window , that is an incredibly special experience" for pregnant women, Bower says. "You can soak up all the luxury and style that might feel worlds away once you have a newborn." 

Bonuses at Charles de Gaulle Airport, for example, include a lounge with wellness offerings, French cuisine, and a private drive to your aircraft in a luxury car. Ooh la la! 

Its business-class lounges were ranked best for contemporary design by Afar Opens a new window , which also praised its mouthwatering fare like croque monsieur and boeuf bourguignon.

Heads up: Even Air France's economy class has perks for pregnant women. For example, if you're flying longer than two-and-a-half hours, you can request a special meal Opens a new window , like one that's low-sodium or low-sugar, which is helpful if you're following a special diet during pregnancy. 

Parents say: "We flew Air France in the Business Class pods, and they are to die for ... You can lay flat; it's perfect for pregnant people."

While reliability and safety are typically must-haves when traveling during pregnancy, other aspects worth considering when choosing an airline include:

Legroom and aisle seat changes. Will the airline potentially upgrade you to a seat with extra legroom? Or, if you ask for an aisle seat, will they accommodate you? As a person who has flown many times during my pregnancies, being able to stretch out your legs and easily access the restroom (without having to awkwardly ask someone to get up) is key. Just know that you may need to change seats if you've been assigned to the exit row, as most airlines require passengers sitting there to be able to physically assist others in an emergency.

Doctor's note requirements. Getting a doctor's note prior to flying can be a hassle, especially if you have a million other to-dos before your flight ( and before your baby arrives). While it's recommended to get your doctor's okay before flying, not all airlines require you to bring a note, so you'll want to check if your carrier needs this.  

Last chance to fly. If you'd like to travel in your second or early third trimester , ensure you fall within the airline's requirements, which can vary greatly. For example, Delta Opens a new window doesn't have an official hard stop, but Virgin Atlantic Opens a new window lets you fly until week 36.   

Your own specific needs. "My biggest piece of advice is to know yourself," Harbuck says. Assess what your budget and comfort needs are, and what would make your flight experience that much better. For some, that might mean upgrading to business class, while for others it might mean booking a seat with extra leg room or simply sticking to economy.

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BabyCenter's editorial team is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information in the world. When creating and updating content, we rely on credible sources: respected health organizations, professional groups of doctors and other experts, and published studies in peer-reviewed journals. We believe you should always know the source of the information you're seeing. Learn more about our editorial and medical review policies .

Becca Bower, Head of Flights for Fora Opens a new window .

Preethi Harbuck, Founder of The Local Passport Family Opens a new window .

Afar. 2023. Our Favorite Airline Lounges Throughout the World. https://www.afar.com/magazine/best-airline-lounges Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

AirFrance. Undated. Discover the La Première Cabin. https://wwws.airfrance.us/information/prepare/voyager-avec-la-premiere#airport Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

AirFrance. Undated. Pregnant women. https://wwws.airfrance.us/information/passagers/femme-enceinte Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

Alaska Air. 2023. Family travel with Alaska Airlines is just as delightful as the destination. https://news.alaskaair.com/alaska-airlines/family-travel-with-alaska-airlines-is-just-as-delightful-as-the-destination/ Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. 2023. Air Travel During Pregnancy. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2018/08/air-travel-during-pregnancy Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

Conde Nast Traveler. 2023. The Best International Airlines: 2023 Readers’ Choice Awards. https://www.cntraveler.com/galleries/2015-10-07/top-international-airlines-readers-choice-awards Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

Delta. Undated. Special Circumstances. https://www.delta.com/us/en/special-circumstances/overview Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

NerdWallet. 2023. Which Airline Has Been the Most Reliable in 2023? https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/travel/which-airline-most-reliable-2023-data Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

Singapore Air. 2021. Singapore Airlines Enhances Customer Wellness On World’s Longest Flights In New Partnership With Golden Door. https://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/lk/media-centre/press-release/article/?q=en_UK/2021/October-December/ne2221-211013 Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

Singapore Air. Undated. Expectant women. https://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/sg/travel-info/special-assistance/expectant-women Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

Skytrax World Airline Awards. 2023. World’s Top 10 Airlines of 2023. https://www.worldairlineawards.com/worlds-top-10-airlines-2023/ Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

U.S. Department of Transportation. 2023. DOT Penalizes Southwest Airlines $140 Million for 2022 Holiday Meltdown. https://www.transportation.gov/briefing-room/dot-penalizes-southwest-airlines-140-million-2022-holiday-meltdown Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

U.S. Department of Transportation. 2023. Air Travel Consumer Reports for 2023. https://www.transportation.gov/resources/individuals/aviation-consumer-protection/air-travel-consumer-reports-2023 Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

Virgin Atlantic. Undated. Medical conditions and fitness to fly. https://help.virginatlantic.com/eu/en/special-assistance/medical-conditions.html Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

Wall Street Journal. 2024. The Best and Worst Airlines of 2023. https://www.wsj.com/lifestyle/travel/best-airlines-us-2023-36e9ea20 Opens a new window [Accessed March 2024]

Leslie Barrie is a travel writer and editor and a mom of two (ages 2 and 4, originally from Los Angeles and now living in Munich, Germany. She has traveled to more than 15 countries with her children (everywhere from Austria to Australia), and has six years of travel journalism experience, along with over 15 years of journalism experience in total.

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How to Make Long Flights More Comfortable When You're Pregnant

By Joanna Carrigan

All products featured on Condé Nast Traveler are independently selected by our editors. However, when you buy something through our retail links, we may earn an affiliate commission.

Preparing for a newborn can feel like an exhilarating task; on the one hand, there’s a long-anticipated, already much-loved new arrival making an entrance into your life. On the other, getting yourself into a birthing headspace can feel like a marathon. I’ve already lost count of the amount of  stroller reviews , hypno-birthing manuals, crib catalogs, and paint samples I’ve flicked through in my quest for newborn nirvana. 

With that in mind, many couples are now opting to take a break from the organizational overload in the form of a  long-haul babymoon —a pre-birth couples vacation—as a way of spending those last special moments together as a family of two. And in fact, air travel can generally be considered  safe for most expectant mothers , with advice from your doctor recommended. 

“All pregnancies and mums have individual needs and varying circumstances,” says Marie Louise, midwife and author of  The Modern Midwife’s Guide To Pregnancy . “If mums have any health complications or are close to giving birth, travel should be very carefully considered. Otherwise, mums need a break—it’s good to enjoy and relax on your travels.”

Pregnancy can often feel like a long-haul adventure in itself, and whilst the thought of an extensive flight may not jump out at the top of your to-do list, there are ways to make that coveted trip—and any other air travel during pregnancy that comes up—more comfortable.

Below, I’ve curated an essential list for what to pack in your carry-on for air travel during pregnancy, based in part on my own experience traveling to Europe whilst expecting. 

Strategic carry-ons

A great place to start is your carry-on itself, as the right style can help not only to make your essentials more accessible, but the correct product can be re-used as a diaper bag once your pre-baby vacation is a distant happy memory. The key to  choosing the perfect carry-on is not only to be mindful of the airline guidelines set out around dimensions and weight restrictions, but to think from your own perspective about what will be easiest for you to carry. If back issues prevail—a common complaint during pregnancy—a stylish rucksack may be more suitable than a tote. And if you’re looking for post-pregnancy practicality, a duffel can tick that cross-functional box. 

Pregnancy support bands

Glamour takes a back seat with this essential, but your posture and ligaments will thank me later. If you’re flying internationally or just maneuvering your way through a large airport, you may face long walks between terminals, which can place strain on the lower back. Bump support bands are designed to help relieve the pressure that the additional weight of your bump is putting on your back, and therefore can make a sensible addition to your carry-on packing list. 

Anti-nausea pregnancy methods 

Not every foray into the world of parenthood is a smooth one, and unfortunately  nausea and sickness can play a starring role in pregnancy, especially in the early stages. My first 16 weeks of pregnancy were punctuated with frequent trips to the restroom, and with many flights taken during this time, I became accustomed to having to rely on a few tricks to see me through those difficult moments. 

Travel bands can be an excellent way to relieve pregnancy related nausea, and they’ve taken a high-tech turn in recent years. Hypnotherapy podcasts can also be a calming way to reduce feelings of sickness, and are best listened to with noise-canceling headphones and an eye mask . 

Hydrating skincare for expectant mothers 

Pregnancy can present some interesting  skincare dilemmas , with many people experiencing a change at some point across their nine months. Dry patches, oily T-zones, and acne outbreaks are all common complaints. To help skin stay hydrated when flying, there are many pregnancy-safe products out there which can help replenish and restore your skin's natural barrier. La Mer The Mist Facial Spray is a particular favorite of mine—easy to apply, super lightweight, and long-lasting. 

Travel pillows

During pregnancy, ligaments in the hips and back loosen in preparation for birth and this can often cause secondary strain across the top of the shoulders and neck which can be very uncomfortable for expectant mothers. If you’re traveling whilst pregnant, I recommend investing in a travel neck pillow , and packing your pregnancy pillow if you’re flying in a seat with a lie-flat bed. 

Compression socks

“During pregnancy, you are at an increased risk of developing a blood clot,” Louise says. “That’s why compression socks , hydration, and movement—walking, stretching, and circling ankles—is recommended.”

Again, it’s not the most glamorous addition to your carry-on, but this footwear is important nonetheless. Try to stretch your legs every hour or so if possible, with a walk down the aisle or some lower leg exercises. 

While packing a well-stocked carry-on will undoubtedly enhance your flying experience, there are other ways to ensure that you’re prepared for a relaxing trip. Here are my top three tips for flying while pregnant:

Food and beverage choices 

Whilst it’s unlikely you’ll be able to see the full on-board menu in advance, it’s often a good idea to pre-select your meal genre if you’re having  aversions or preferences during your pregnancy. Being able to rule out meat, dairy, or even opt for a lighter option may be preferable for some mothers-to-be. It could be worth packing a couple of extra snacks in your carry-on, just in case. I’ve been stashing ginger tea bags and plenty of dried fruit and nuts ( dried banana chips are a particular craving of mine) to see me through. 

The airport experience

Lounge access can not only be an enjoyable way to kick-off your vacation, it can also be a lifesaver for tired feet. Having access to a clean and comfortable restroom can also often be advantageous, so if your travel tickets don’t include a lounge as standard, it could be worth a  pay-for-access option to give you peace of mind that you’ll be spending time in a calm and restful environment before or in between flights. 

Your travel outfit

While a stylish airport look is always desirable, comfort should definitely reign supreme during this important period, since your body is already coping with so much. Activewear can provide comfort and support during long-haul travel, and there are  plenty of options out there. I look to brands like  Alo Yoga and  Lululemon for pieces that satisfy both the style and comfort stakes. 

Can I Fly While Pregnant?

Here are expert answers to some of the most-asked questions about air travel during pregnancy, by rosie colosi.

If you’re debating about whether to book that plane ticket for your babymoon in Hawaii, you can most likely get ready to say “aloha”!

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ (ACOG) in-depth guidebook, “ Your Pregnancy and Childbirth: Month to Month ,” states: “In the absence of obstetric or medical complications, occasional air travel is safe for pregnant women. Pregnant women can fly safely, observing the same precautions for air travel as the general population.”

Of course, knowing that something is safe and feeling safe are two completely different things. If you’re planning to fly during your pregnancy, you probably have some questions about how to feel safe while in the air. So we asked a pregnancy health expert to weigh in and hopefully put your mind at ease.

When can you fly while pregnant?

According to ACOG , most airlines allow pregnant people to fly domestically up until about 36 weeks of pregnancy (or until 33 weeks if carrying multiples). But that’s not the whole story.

Dr. Kenneth T. Borkowski, lead physician at Women’s Health Group in Connecticut, clarified that these guidelines “are airline policies and they are not therefore medical in nature. The airline carriers do not wish to encounter medical issues mid-flight which would divert a plane to the closest terminal in the event of such issues. Occasional air travel, under most circumstances, is considered safe throughout pregnancy.”

Even so, pregnant people with medical or obstetric conditions (like preeclampsia , higher risk for preterm labor or vaginal bleeding) should consult their doctor before booking air travel.

“The most common obstetric emergencies happen in the first and third trimesters,” Dr. Borkowski says. “Other than taking that into consideration, the ‘best’ time to travel is when the airline rates are the lowest!”

What about flying internationally while pregnant?

Some international flights restrict pregnant people even earlier than 36 weeks, Dr. Borkowski says, and may require documentation of the baby’s gestational age before allowing them to board.

International flights (or even coast-to-coast domestic flights) tend to be longer, increasing the risk for turbulence, blood clots and dehydration. Changes in air pressure can decrease the amount of oxygen you breathe, and sitting still for a long period of time can prohibit healthy blood flow. This is true for anyone who flies, but the risk is higher for pregnant people . Dr. Borkowski recommends taking simple measures like drinking water, moving around the cabin and wearing below-the-knee graduated compression stockings to minimize these risks.

Is it safe to go through airport security while pregnant?

The Travel Security Administration (TSA) assures pregnant people that the airport screening machines are safe because they don’t actually use X-rays. Most airport screening machines use nonionizing radiation , which has much less potential for harm. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) say that “most common exposures to nonionizing radiation are not considered hazardous to you or your unborn baby.” Even older X-ray backscatter scanners do not expose you to enough radiation to threaten the health of you or your baby.

If you’re still nervous, you can request a pat-down instead. And if you have trouble lifting your bags or taking your shoes off at any point in the process, ask a security officer for assistance.

How can I stay safe and comfortable while flying?

ACOG recommends wearing your seatbelt at all times during the flight. It can be fastened lower on your hip bones, below your belly. The seatbelt will help stabilize you in the event of turbulence.

Move your feet, toes and legs often. You may want to book an aisle seat so you can walk the length of the plane to improve your circulation on a longer flight. (And an aisle seat will help you reach the bathroom more easily!)

Avoid carbonated drinks before the flight. High altitudes make gas expand, which won’t exactly help your comfort level. But don’t avoid all beverages—drink lots of water to stay hydrated.

What problems should I watch for while flying?

Again, the likelihood of experiencing any pregnancy-related medical issues during flight is very low. But there are a few symptoms that may warrant a call to your doctor.

An ACOG ob-gyn said that regardless of whether you’re in the air or on the ground, “any bleeding, leaking fluid, abdominal pain or change in fetal activity should trigger a call to the doctor.”

Adding airline travel to the mix puts you at a slightly higher risk of blood clots in the legs or lungs. Major symptoms of blood clots include pain and swelling in the legs, particularly on one side. Chest pain, shortness of breath and a fast heart rate can also be symptoms.

If you notice these symptoms or notice a decrease in the baby’s movement, give your doctor a call.

Should I be worried about additional radiation exposure while flying?

ACOG’s guidebook says that you shouldn’t worry: “Radiation exposure increases at higher altitudes, but the level of exposure generally isn’t a concern for pregnant women. If you are a frequent flier, talk with your ob-gyn about how much flying is safe for you.”

Is airline travel more dangerous for pregnant people during the Covid-19 and monkeypox pandemics?

This is a tough question to answer, Dr. Borkowski says. Because pregnancy lowers immune function, slightly increasing the chances of a poor outcome from Covid-19, pregnant people are considered part of the “at-risk” population and should protect themselves by staying up-to-date on vaccinations and wearing a high quality mask. If you are not vaccinated, if you don’t have some sort of naturally acquired immunity or if you are traveling to areas where Covid transmission is high, you may want to think about how to keep your contact with other people limited, like renting a car rather than ride-sharing, dining outdoors or staying in a rental house rather than a big hotel with common areas.

“My advice would be to follow the recommendations from the CDC as well as those of their local physicians based on the Covid numbers in their region and in the region that they are planning to travel to,” Dr. Borkowski says.

As far as monkeypox, he said that it’s likely not a concern. The likelihood of “prolonged direct contact” with lesions is not likely to occur during airline travel.

Though there may be a few additional things to look out for, flying while pregnant shouldn’t keep you up at night. Chances are high that your trip will be smooth sailing.

So book that babymoon, attend a work conference or travel to visit relatives before the baby comes. “Enjoy your flight and the destination to which it takes you,” Dr. Borkowski says. “There is a wonderful world out there that should be explored and cherished!”

Is It Safe To Fly While Pregnant? Everything You Need To Know

G oing on holiday one last time before your family expands is something a lot of families look into, often it’s to spend some time relaxing before your life gets crazy once again!

But when you’re pregnant you might have a lot of questions about whether you can even go on a ‘babymoon,’ and on an airplane, especially if you’re a first time parent. 

When can I travel while pregnant?

Well, the good news is you can travel while pregnant! That is, unless told by your doctor.

But there are some things to consider, for example for some people travelling in the first three months is difficult because of symptoms such as nausea and vomiting.

Alongside this, the risk of miscarriage is also higher in the first three months, whether you’re travelling or not says the NHS .

For others, travelling in the last semester is challenging because you can become uncomfortable in your final months.

The ideal time frame to travel while pregnant is anywhere between four to six months, so your second trimester!

What are the risks of flying while pregnant?

Though flying isn’t harmful to pregnant people, you should be aware of certain risks.

The NHS says: “The chance of going into labour is naturally higher after 37 weeks (around 32 weeks if you’re carrying twins), and some airlines won’t let you fly towards the end of your pregnancy.”

It’s always good to check with the airline before booking your ticket! 

Alongside this, if you are travelling longer than four hours you should be aware of the risk of blood clots.

This is also known as deep vein thrombosis (DVT). To prevent this if you’re on an airplane make sure to drink plenty of water and get up to move around every 30 minutes.

You can even buy a pair of compression or support socks from the pharmacy if to prevent your legs swelling.

What do I need to be aware of while I’m on holiday?

If you have decided to go on holiday while pregnant, make sure to stay organised with any paperwork.

After reaching week 28 of pregnancy, your airline can ask you for a letter from your doctor to confirm your due date and to confirm you are fit to fly.

Usually you have to pay to get this letter and it can take several weeks to come through, so make sure to leave enough time to speak with your GP about this. 

It’s also important to look into travel insurance specific for pregnant people. Make sure to research properly to ensure your travel insurance covers pregnancy.

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Travelling in pregnancy

With the proper precautions such as travel insurance, most women can travel safely well into their pregnancy.

Wherever you go, find out what healthcare facilities are at your destination in case you need urgent medical attention. It's a good idea to take your maternity medical records (sometimes called handheld notes) with you so you can give doctors the relevant information if necessary.

Find out more about getting healthcare abroad .

Make sure your travel insurance covers you for any eventuality, such as pregnancy-related medical care during labour, premature birth and the cost of changing the date of your return trip if you go into labour .

When to travel in pregnancy

Some women prefer not to travel in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy because of  nausea and vomiting and feeling very tired during these early stages. The risk of  miscarriage is also higher in the first 3 months, whether you're travelling or not.

Travelling in the final months of pregnancy can be tiring and uncomfortable. So, many women find the best time to travel or take a holiday is in mid-pregnancy, between 4 and 6 months.

Flying in pregnancy

Flying isn't harmful to you or your baby, but discuss any health issues or pregnancy complications with your midwife or doctor before you fly.

The chance of going into labour is naturally higher after  37 weeks (around 32 weeks if you're carrying twins), and some airlines won't let you fly towards the end of your pregnancy. Check with the airline for their policy on this.

After week 28 of pregnancy, the airline may ask for a letter from your doctor or midwife confirming your due date, and that you are not at risk of complications. You may have to pay for the letter and wait several weeks before you get it.

Long-distance travel (longer than 4 hours) carries a small risk of blood clots (deep vein thrombosis (DVT)) . If you fly, drink plenty of water and move about regularly – every 30 minutes or so. You can buy a pair of graduated compression or support stockings from the pharmacy, which will help reduce leg swelling.

Travel vaccinations when you're pregnant

Most vaccines that use live bacteria or viruses aren't recommended during pregnancy because of concerns that they could harm the baby in the womb.

However, some live travel vaccines may be considered during pregnancy if the risk of infection outweighs the risk of live vaccination. Ask your GP or midwife for advice about specific travel vaccinations. Non-live (inactivated) vaccines are safe to use in pregnancy.

Malaria tablets

Some anti-malaria tablets aren't safe to take in pregnancy so ask your GP for advice.

Zika virus is mainly spread by mosquitoes found in some parts of the world. For most people it's mild and not harmful, but can cause problems if you're pregnant.

If you are pregnant, it is not recommended to travel to parts of the world where the Zika virus is present, such as parts of:

• South and Central America
• the Caribbean
• the Pacific islands

Check before you travel

It's important to check the risk for the country you're going to before you travel.

Find out more about the Zika virus risk in specific countries on the Travel Health Pro website

Car travel in pregnancy

It's best to avoid long car journeys if you're pregnant. However, if it can't be avoided, make sure you stop regularly and get out of the car to stretch and move around.

You can also do some exercises in the car (when you're not driving), such as flexing and rotating your feet and wiggling your toes. This will keep the blood flowing through your legs and reduce any stiffness and discomfort. Wearing compression stockings while on long car journeys (more than 4 hours) can also increase the blood flow in your legs and help prevent blood clots.

Tiredness and dizziness are common during pregnancy so it's important on car journeys to drink regularly and eat natural, energy-giving foods, such as fruit and nuts.

Keep the air circulating in the car and wear your seatbelt with the cross strap between your breasts and the lap strap across your pelvis under your bump, not across your bump.

Road accidents are among the most common causes of injury in pregnant women. If you have to make a long trip, don't travel on your own. You could also share the driving with your companion.

Sailing in pregnancy

Ferry companies have their own restrictions and may refuse to carry heavily pregnant women (often beyond 32 weeks on standard crossings and 28 weeks on high-speed crossings ). Check the ferry company's policy before you book.

For longer boat trips, such as cruises, find out if there are onboard facilities to deal with pregnancy and medical services at the docking ports.

Food and drink abroad in pregnancy

Take care to avoid food- and water-borne conditions, such as stomach upsets and travellers' diarrhoea . Some medicines for treating stomach upsets and travellers' diarrhoea aren't suitable during pregnancy.

Always check if tap water is safe to drink. If in doubt, drink bottled water. If you get ill, keep hydrated and continue eating for the health of your baby, even if you're not hungry.

Find out about a healthy diet in pregnancy , and foods to avoid in pregnancy .

Page last reviewed: 17 August 2022 Next review due: 17 August 2025

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Travelling while pregnant

Find useful information and considerations to help you prepare for safe and healthy travels outside Canada while pregnant.

With careful preparation, travelling while pregnant can be safe. The decision to travel should be made in consultation with your health care professional, based on your personal health circumstances.

On this page

Before you go, while you're away, if you need help.

Medical practices, health standards and infection control measures vary from country to country. You may not have access to the same level of care, procedures, treatments and medications as you would in Canada.

You could also be at increased risk of getting an infection and/or developing severe complications from certain infections, which could also affect the fetus.

Before leaving Canada:

• consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic at least 6 weeks before travelling to get personalized health advice and recommendations
• check our Travel Advice and Advisories for country-specific information, including about possible health risks
• know how to seek medical assistance outside of Canada
• review the policy and the coverage it provides
• most policies do not automatically cover pregnancy-related conditions or hospital care for premature infants
• ask your insurance provider about coverage for medical care during pregnancy, giving birth and intensive care for you and your fetus or newborn
• carry a copy of your prenatal records
• talk to your health care professional about any additional items you may want to bring that are specific to your health needs

Local laws and medical services relating to pregnancy can differ from Canada. Learn the local laws, and how these may apply to you before you travel.

Pre-travel vaccines and medications

Many vaccines can be safely given during pregnancy. Due to a higher risk of more severe outcomes for you and your fetus, some vaccines are recommended specifically during pregnancy, such as tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (DTaP) and influenza.

Don’t take medications you may still have from prior trips. Tell the health care professional about your pregnancy, or intended pregnancy, before filling any prescriptions. The decision to get any pre-travel vaccinations or medications should be discussed with your health care professional.

The decision can depend on:

• your purpose of travel (e.g., tourism, visiting friends and relatives)
• your planned destination(s)
• the length of your trip
• your risk of getting a disease
• how severe the effect of a disease would be to you and/or your fetus
• your planned activities
• any underlying medical issues and/or pregnancy-related complications

Malaria could cause major health problems for a mother and her unborn baby. A pregnant woman may want to consider avoiding travel to areas where malaria transmission occurs.

Description of malaria risk by country and preventative measures.

If you can’t avoid travelling to an area where malaria is present:

• some medications to prevent or treat malaria may not be safe during pregnancy
• take extra care to protect yourself from mosquito bites

Zika virus infection during pregnancy can pose significant risks to your fetus even if you don’t develop symptoms. While pregnant, you may want to consider avoiding travelling to a country or areas with risk of Zika virus.

Latest travel health advice on Zika virus.

If you choose to travel, take precautions to avoid infection with Zika virus:

• prevent mosquito bites at all times
• protect yourself from contact with semen, vaginal fluid and blood
• always use condoms correctly or avoid sexual contact while in countries or areas with risk of Zika virus

Learn more about Zika virus and pregnancy:

• Zika virus: Pregnant or planning a pregnancy
• Zika virus: Advice for travellers
• Pregnancy and travel (tropical medicine and travel)

Monitor your health and be prepared

Emergencies can happen at any time. Know where the nearest hospital or medical centre is while you are travelling and confirm they will accept your medical insurance.

Seek medical attention immediately if you develop any of the following symptoms while travelling:

• persistent vomiting and/or diarrhea
• dehydration
• vaginal bleeding
• passing tissue or clots
• abdominal pain, cramps or contractions
• your water breaks
• excessive swelling of face, hands or legs
• excessive leg pain
• severe headaches
• visual problems

If you develop these symptoms after your return to Canada, you should see a health care professional immediately and tell them about your recent trip.

Transportation

Always wear a seatbelt when travelling by plane or car. When using a diagonal shoulder strap with a lap belt, the straps should be placed carefully above and below your abdomen. If only a lap belt is available, fasten it at the pelvic area, below your abdomen.

If you have any medical or pregnancy-related complications, discuss with your health care professional whether air travel is safe for you.

Most airlines restrict travel in late pregnancy or may require a written confirmation from a physician. Check this with the airline before booking your flight.

During long flights, you may be at higher risk of developing blood clots, known as deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The risk of deep vein thrombosis can be reduced by:

• getting up and walking around occasionally
• exercising and stretching your legs while seated
• selecting an aisle seat when possible
• wearing comfortable shoes and loose clothing

Your health care professional may recommend additional ways to reduce your risk such as wearing compression stockings.

Always stay well hydrated while travelling.

Land travel

The risk of deep vein thrombosis can be reduced by:

• stopping the vehicle to walk around every couple of hours

Motion sickness

Certain medications used to treat nausea and vomiting during pregnancy may also be effective in relieving motion sickness.

If you think you might experience motion sickness during your trip, speak to your health care professional about the use of these medications.

Environmental and recreational risks

Some activities may not be recommended or may require additional precautions. Discuss your travel plans, including any planned or potential recreational activities with a health care professional.

High altitude

You should avoid travelling to an altitude above 3,658 metres (12,000 feet).

However, if you have a high-risk pregnancy and/or are in the late stages of pregnancy, the highest altitude should be 2,500 metres (8,200 feet).

If you have pregnancy-related complications, you should avoid unnecessary high-altitude exposure.

Keep in mind that most high-altitude destinations are far from medical care services.

Personal protective measures

Food-borne and water-borne diseases.

Eat and drink safely while travelling while travelling. Many food-borne and water-borne illnesses can be more severe during pregnancy and pose a risk to the fetus.

This can include:

• toxoplasmosis
• listeriosis
• hepatitis A and E

To help avoid food-borne and water-borne diseases:

• before eating or preparing food
• after using the bathroom or changing diapers
• after contact with animals or sick people
• before and after touching raw meat, poultry, fish and seafood
• if you’re at a destination that lacks proper sanitation and/or access to clean drinking water, only drink water if it has been boiled or disinfected or if it’s in a commercially sealed bottle
• use ice made only from purified or disinfected water
• this could cause the fetus or newborn to develop thyroid problems
• unpasteurized dairy products, such as raw milk and raw milk soft cheeses
• unpasteurized juice and cider
• raw or undercooked eggs, meat or fish, including shellfish
• raw sprouts
• non-dried deli meats, including bologna, roast beef and turkey breast
• don’t use bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol®)
• Information on travellers’ diarrhea

Illnesses acquired from insect and other animals

Protect yourself from insect bites:

• wear light-coloured, loose clothes made of tightly woven materials such as nylon or polyester
• prevent mosquitoes from entering your living area with screening and/or closed, well-sealed doors and windows
• use insecticide-treated bed nets if mosquitoes can’t be prevented from entering your living area
• information on insect bite and pest prevention

Some infections, such as rabies and influenza, can be shared between humans and animals. You should avoid contact with animals including dogs, livestock (pigs, cows), monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats.

Information for if you become sick or injured while travelling outside Canada.

For help with emergencies outside Canada, contact the:

• nearest Canadian office abroad
• Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa

More information on services available at consular offices outside Canada.

Related links

• Immunization in pregnancy and breastfeeding: Canadian Immunization Guide
• Advice for Canadians travelling to Zika-affected countries
• Advice for women travellers
• If you get sick before or after returning to Canada
• Receiving medical care in other countries
• Travel vaccinations
• What you can bring on a plane

United Airlines allows MileagePlus members to pool award miles with friends, family

United is the first major airline to have shared accounts with miles pooling.

United Airlines is making it easier than ever for family members and friends of all ages to share and use miles for award travel.

The Chicago-based airline announced Thursday the debut of MileagePlus miles pooling, just in time for summer travel planning.

Whether it's relatives or friends, United now allows its MileagePlus members to access a new feature to contribute and combine miles into one joint account with up to five people on United.com.

"We're always looking for new ways to provide the most value to all of our loyalty members and are proud to be the first major U.S. airline to allow our members to pool their miles with their loved ones and friends," MileagePlus COO Luc Bondar said in a statement .

Bondar said the new pooling feature, a first among carrier competitors, "further reinforces United's position as the leader in family and group travel" and gives members "more flexibility to use their miles."

MileagePlus miles pooling is now available to all MileagePlus members by logging into their account on United.com.

Last fall, frequent flyers sounded off online after they were left discouraged by drastic changes to the Delta SkyMiles loyalty program -- including access to the Delta Sky Club lounges and how to earn award miles and status, a shift that Delta CEO Ed Bastian later walked back, suggesting more modifications after he said the airline "went too far."

How United miles pooling works

Choose a pool leader

Any MileagePlus member over 18 years old can become the pool leader and create a pool for free when logged in to their account on United.com.

Each pool can only have 5 people

The pool leader has the ability to invite up to four family members, friends, or close travel companions of any age to join the pool if they have an active MileagePlus account, which is free to join and has no minimum age.

No limit on contributing miles

There are no limits to the number of miles that any member can contribute to an active miles pool.

Booking with pooled miles

Pooled miles can be used when booking a ticket online at United.com or while using the United mobile app.

"For example, if a group of friends is planning an upcoming summer getaway and each friend has their own individual MileagePlus accounts with their respective number of miles, they can combine all, or a select amount of their personal miles into one central 'pool' that can be used to purchase flights and offset the cost of ticket prices," the airline explained in its announcement.

Pools do not impact member status

If an individual has Premier status with United, contributing to a MileagePlus miles pool will not affect that persons' status.

Who earns miles when flying on a pooled ticket?

"Only members who travel on a ticket using pooled miles will earn any eligible Premier qualifying points (PQP), not the member who contributed them," the airline clarified. "Members cannot pool PQP, Premier qualifying flights (PQF), PlusPoints, or TravelBank cash."

Related Topics

• United Airlines

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The New GE Profile Washer-Dryer Combo Is Better Than Most. But We Still Don’t Recommend It.

Washer-dryer combos are far from perfect. These all-in-one machines are limited to smaller-size loads, and they dry slowly. They also require more-frequent maintenance than their full-size or compact counterparts. We typically recommend considering a washer-dryer combo only if space or layout constraints give you no other choice.

But the GE Profile UltraFast Combo washer-dryer, which recently debuted, is a snazzy, feature-rich all-in-one machine that promises to quickly deliver clean, dry laundry in one step. According to GE Appliances, a washer-dryer combo shouldn’t be a compromise but rather an upgrade over the traditional, two-machine setup.

After running 25 loads over eight weeks, we found this model to be leagues better than washer-dryer combos of the past. It still involves major concessions, however. Here’s what to know if you’re considering getting one.

GE Profile UltraFast Combo

Best combo yet, but far from perfect.

This machine is an effective cleaner, and it dries laundry faster than most ventless dryers we’ve tested. But it still takes this machine significantly more time to dry large loads than it takes a traditional dryer. And its hulking size is limiting for those with space constraints.

Buying Options

The research, what is the ge profile ultrafast combo washer-dryer, what we like about the ge profile ultrafast combo, what we don’t like about the ge profile ultrafast combo, what to look forward to.

The GE Profile UltraFast Combo washer-dryer debuted in mid-2023, racking up more than 3,000 online reviews and inspiring multiple Reddit threads and TikTok videos . But even though the UltraFast Combo model is new, combination washer-dryers—which wash and dry laundry in a single drum—have been around since the 1950s . The concept is compelling: Wash and dry your laundry in one machine, without the annoying, time-consuming, and (for some) painful chore of transferring wet laundry to the dryer.

In reality, if these machines worked as well as traditional washing machines and dryers , they’d almost certainly be more popular and widespread than they are. They often have a small capacity, and it can take them a long time to dry clothes, largely because they use ventless heat-pump dryers . These dryers—though typically much more energy-efficient than traditional, vented dryers—can be sluggish, and they come with a learning curve. Any time saved by not transferring laundry to the dryer is likely canceled out by the time it takes for clothing to fully dry.

Combo machines are often installed to work around space or construction constraints (these machines don’t require a vent to the outside). Since a combo washer-dryer doesn’t need a separate dryer, it can be an attractive option for apartment dwellers or anyone who doesn’t have room for a full-size (or compact) washing machine and dryer. (Those of us in that camp know that we’re often willing to put up with all kinds of trade-offs to avoid having to go to a laundromat.)

I did a lot of laundry in the UltraFast Combo over the course of eight weeks, and I followed the same protocol we use to test washing machines and dryers . The bottom line? This machine washes well and dries better than almost any ventless dryer we’ve tested, and it’s intuitive to use. But it also has some substantial quirks that could be dealbreakers. Here’s what we found.

It cleans well. We ran standard test loads using stain strips, and the GE Profile UltraFast Combo cleaned as well as the GE GFW655 , the also-great pick in our guide to traditional washing machines . In addition to doing controlled testing, we ran a variety of loads of typical laundry, and they came out as clean as we’d expect they would in a high-quality standard washer. This model is also as gentle on fabrics as our other washing machine picks.

The UltraFast Combo offers a variety of cycles, all of them similar to those offered by our washing machine picks. You can also run wash-only or dry-only cycles. If you choose to connect the machine to the GE Appliances SmartHQ app, updates will periodically include new cycle options. (GE recently added a pet-hair-removing dryer cycle, intended to suck fur out of clothes like a vacuum. We haven’t tested it.)

It’s relatively fast—for a combo. As long as we washed properly sorted loads of no more than 8 pounds, the UltraFast Combo successfully washed and dried laundry in about 2 hours.

It dries pretty well—for a combo. The UltraFast Combo dries better than almost all of the ventless heat-pump dryers we’ve tested. I’m used to the quirks of a ventless heat-pump dryer. I own the Miele TXD160 (the upgrade pick in our guide to compact washing machines and dryers ), one of the best ventless dryers available. For the most part, the UltraFast Combo, which is Energy Star–certified (PDF) , matched its performance—an accomplishment, given the machine’s size and scale (the UltraFast Combo’s 4.8-cubic-foot capacity is nearly twice the size of a typical combo). But there’s still a learning curve.

We found that this dryer performs best with loads that are lighter (less than 8 pounds) and well sorted. (Our standard washer-dryer testing involves 12-pound loads of mixed laundry.)

It has a user-friendly app and convenient features. The UltraFast Combo is compatible with the GE Appliances SmartHQ app, which is easy to navigate and lets you monitor cycles.

The app also allows you to update software, download wash programs, monitor appliance usage, and keep tabs on detergent levels (in the auto detergent dispenser, should you choose to use it). Unlike LG’s ThinQ app , SmartHQ does not offer maintenance alerts, but it does provide access to service within the app.

It has intuitive controls. This machine’s digital touchscreen controls are some of the better controls we’ve tested; they have easy-to-read options and selections, including the brightly lit “Wash” and “Dry” options. We also appreciated the bright countdown timer; unlike those on other GE Appliances washing machines we’ve tested, this one generally estimated accurate times. (There were some exceptions, when time was occasionally added late in a drying cycle.)

It’s easy to install. The UltraFast Combo requires a standard 120-volt outlet and doesn’t require venting to the outside. So you can plug it in wherever there’s a water hookup and start doing laundry. (Traditional dryers require a 240-volt outlet.)

It is huge. One of the most notable things about the GE Profile UltraFast Combo is that it is a behemoth, at nearly 47 inches tall, 28 inches wide, and 32 inches deep. By comparison, the combo washers we’ve typically considered are about 34 inches tall, 24 inches wide, and 25 inches deep—the same as a compact-size machine. (Our favorite standard washing machine is 39 inches tall, 27 inches wide, and 30.25 inches deep.) David Wilson, director of clothes care at GE Appliances, said the large fan—which helps the ventless dryer to dry faster—contributes to the UltraFast Combo’s massive size.

The UltraFast Combo resembles a machine you’re more likely to find in a decked-out suburban laundry room, not a small apartment. We have seen it fit into smaller areas—a micro home at the 2024 Kitchen & Bath Industry Show (KBIS) displayed this machine in a closet that was too short and narrow for stacked or side-by-side compact machines. But if space is at a premium, and you’re in search of a combo, this model likely isn’t the solution. (For some, it won’t be a problem: I’ve heard of people with large laundry rooms who own two UltraFast Combos. If you’re one of those folks, give me a shout—I want details.)

Larger loads take a long time to dry. Although the UltraFast Combo dries relatively well for a combo, it’s still much slower than a traditional vented dryer —especially with large loads. When we used it to wash loads bigger than about 8 pounds—particularly those containing knits or jeans—it added an hour or more to the drying cycle, sometimes edging the total cycle time close to four hours; this was also when laundry was more likely to come out tangled and in need of ironing.

Jeans, in particular, tended to come out damp and/or very wrinkled. We found that the best way to avoid this was to wash smaller denim-only loads and to add the extra 20-minute “Wrinkle Care” option before starting a cycle.

If you’re really set on buying this machine, the best way to use it is to scale back the size of each load. This is good advice in general: Most people overload their washing machine , but the UltraFast Combo will make it harder for you to get away with it.

The lint filter requires vigilant cleaning. Excess lint can interfere with a heat-pump dryer’s compressor, negatively impacting performance. To get around this, heat-pump dryers—including the one in the UltraFast Combo—have two layers of lint filters that need to be cleaned frequently. Cleaning the lint trap every time you do your laundry is a good habit to get into, regardless of the kind of machine you have. The UltraFast Combo’s control panel displays a reminder to check the filter after each cycle is complete.

Condensation tends to form on the gasket. This model’s gasket collected a lot of condensation during our many test loads. A bit of condensation isn’t unusual for a ventless heat-pump dryer, which operates by extracting moisture from wet laundry. But instead of the residual moisture evaporating quickly, it often pooled in the gasket, and it dripped quite a bit as we unloaded. Apart from being annoying, this will likely require more-vigilant wipe-downs and regular cleanings . That said, the gasket is treated with antimicrobial Microban , which should help control some malodorous build-up between cleanings.

The door isn’t reversible. You can’t change the direction of the door swing on this model. Given the machine’s large size, this could be a dealbreaker for some.

There’s an odd smell. An unpleasant chemical smell occasionally emanated from the machine, and I never figured out where it originated. It’s possible that it would wear off over time, but it didn’t for the duration of our testing.

It’s too soon to judge reliability. The UltraFast Combo came on the scene relatively recently, so we don’t yet have data on its longer-term reliability. Buying a machine with technology this new carries a risk. And even though we consider GE Appliances to be a reputable brand, being an appliance-buying pioneer can involve some headaches (video) .

We expect to see more innovations applied to washer-dryer combos. And we will continue to test these machines, including the LG WashCombo All-in-One , which has a large, 5-cubic-foot capacity.

This article was edited by Ingrid Skjong and Courtney Schley.

David Wilson, director of clothes care at GE Appliances , in-person interviews, October 19, 2023, and February 28, 2024

Daniel Conrad, global engineering director of design quality, reliability, and testing, Hussmann , video interview , June 26, 2023

Meet your guide

Andrea Barnes

Andrea Barnes is a staff writer reporting on large cleaning appliances for Wirecutter. She previously worked as a research analyst. A number of avoidable appliance mishaps have led her to a passion for proper appliance care.

Further reading

The Best Washing Machines (and Their Matching Dryers)

by Andrea Barnes

After doing loads (and loads) of laundry in 12 full-size washing machines, we still recommend the LG WM4000H as our top pick.

Pig Blood, Pet Fur, and Teen Funk: How We Test Washers, Dryers, and Detergents

Testing washing machines, dryers, and laundry detergent requires a lot of stains and a sharp eye.

The Best Compact Washer and Dryer

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Of the compact washer and dryer sets we considered, the Bosch WAT28400UC and WTG86400UC have all the important features we like at a more affordable price.

Should You Get a Front-Load or Top-Load Washing Machine?

by Liam McCabe

Front-loaders have the edge on cleaning performance and efficiency, but there are times when a top-loader could be best for you. Here are the facts you need to make a decision.