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La Tour Paris 13: World’s Largest Collective Street Art Tower Opens in Paris for October Only

Yesterday in Paris, the largest collective street art exhibition opened in the 13th arrondissement on Rue de Bellievre near the Quai d’Austerlitz in a 10-story concrete and brick tower. The Galerie Itinerrance obtained use of the building before its demolition in 2014 and invited 80 artists from all over the world to decorate freely on the inside and outside of the building. 36 apartments were entirely painted and the artists each had their own area to work. In total more than 4500 square meters of street art were created.

The building, “Habitat de la Sablière,” used to be a low-income housing project. When renovation was deemed too expensive, the authorities decided the tower would be destroyed and replaced by seven new buildings. The building is also the site of the  oversized street art of paint-drips by the artist Idem, who also worked with the local authorities on the project separately.

The exhibition will be open for the month of October. See the below video on the process and the rooms inside, plus our additional photographs below:

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La Tour 13 (Paris)

Over looking the Seine,  La Tour Paris 13 ‎  is a project curated by Mehdi Ben Cheikh  from Galerie Itinerrance . During a year, the entire building was painted by 100 international street and graffiti artists, each leaving their mark with murals and installations within the 36 apartments over 9 floors and cellars. Opening to the public for a month from October 1st, the building is due to be demolished in November, making it the largest temporary street art exhibition in France. To celebrate the upcoming launch a giant Keith Haring banner (seen above) has also been erected along the building.

Participating artists are: 08 (IT) – 2mil (BR) – Add Fuel (PT) – AGL (FR) – Agostino Lacurci (IT) – Alëxone (FR) –  A1one (Iran) – Amin (FR) – Aous (Saoudi Arabia) – AweR (IT) – Azooz (Saoudi Arabia) – Belem (PT) – Bom.K (FR) – BToy (ES) – C215 (FR) – Celeste Java (FR) – Cope2 (USA) – Corleone (PT) – Dabro (Tunisie) – Dado (IT) – Dan23 (FR) – David Walker (UK) – Eime (PT) – eL Seed (Tunisia) – Ethos (BR) – Etnik (IT) – Fenx (FR) – Flip (BR) – Gael (FR) – Gilbert (FR)- Guy Denning (UK)- Herbert Baglione (BR) – Hogre (IT) – Hopnn (IT) – Indie 184 (USA) – Inti Ansa (FR) – Inti Castro (Chili) – Jaz (Argentine) – JB Rock (IT) – Jimmy C (AUS) – Joao Samina (PT) – Jonone (USA) – Joys (IT) – Julien Colombier (FR) – Kan (FR) -Katre (FR) – Kruella (PT) – Legz (FR) – Lek (FR) – Liliwenn (FR) – Loiola (BR) – Ludo (FR) – Madame Sanbor (FR) – Mar (PT) – Marko93 (FR) – Mario Belem (PT) – Maryam (Saoudi Arabia) – Matéo Garcia Leon (FR) – Maz (Saoudi Arabia) – MoneyLess (IT) – Mosko (FR) – Mp5 (IT) – Myre (FR) – Nano (Chili) – Nebay (FR) – Nemi Uhu (FR) – Nilko (FR) – Orticanoodles (IT) – Pantonio (PT) -Rea 1 (FR) – Paulo Arraiano (PT) – Peeta (IT) – Philippe Baudelocque (FR) –  Rapto (BR) – Rodolphe Cintorino (FR) – Roti (FR) – Sambre (FR) – Sean Hart (FR) – Sebastien Preschoux (FR) – Senso (IT) – Seth (FR) – Shaka (FR) – Shoof (Tunisia) – Shuck2 (FR) – Sowat (FR) – Spazm (FR) – Speto (BR) – STeW (FR) – Stinkfish (CL) -Sumo (Lux) – Tellas (IT) – Tinho (BR) – Tore (FR) – Uno (FR) – Uriginal (ES) – Vexta (AUS) – Vhils (PT) – + – (or Maismenos).

Photo credit:  Butterfly .

Related posts:

• Showing: Crimes of Minds 2013 (Brest)
• Openings: “Paris Match” Group Show @ Opera Gallery (Paris)
• Les Bains Douches artistic residency (Paris)
• Mausolee: Lek x Sowat (Paris)
• The Underbelly Project (Paris)

Towering Gallery Full of Art to Be Demolished : “La Tour Paris 13”

The numbers are astounding; 105 artists, 9 floors, 36 apartments, 30,000 visitors .

That is how much time Street Art enthusiast Spencer Elzey had to himself inside the largest gallery of Street Artists and graffiti artists ever assembled specifically to transform a building for a public show. As he looked out a window to see the snaking lines of Parisians and tourists restlessly waiting to get in, he couldn’t believe his luck to be able to walk through the exhibit by himself and get off some clear shots before the throng hit.

El Seed. La Tour Paris 13.  Exterior of the tower. (photo © Spencer Elzey)

“The La Tour Paris 13 experience was something that I’ll never forget,” Elzey recounts as he thinks of himself nearly running from apartment to apartment with camera in hand, each room a new discovery, many of them inspiring awe.

“I was on an adrenaline rush while I was inside since I only had an hour by myself before it opened to the public. It wasn’t until later in the morning when I looked back at all of my pictures that I was able to fully understand exactly how much art I just witnessed,” he says.

Kan. La Tour Paris 13. Come in. (photo © Spencer Elzey)

Mehdi Ben Cheikh from Galerie Itinerrance , who curated the project La Tour Paris 13 gave permission to Elzey to get these shots for BSA before the crowds arrived and now he was snapping as many as possible.

Over the course of the year artists have devised specific paintings, sculptures, and installations inside the housing tower knowing that it would be exhibited for a month before being demolished. “The number of artists and the amount of space dedicated to this one exhibit is something that I don’t think will ever again be replicated,” he says.

a1ONE. Detail. La Tour Paris 13.  (photo © Spencer Elzey)

While touring former living rooms, bathrooms, and kitchens Elzey quickly discovered that aerosol and markers were not the only materials used by this global pool of street/graffiti/urban artists who came from far places like Brazil, Iran, US, Tunisia, and even Saudi Arabia in addition to many European countries.

Some artists had staged new perspectives and environments by combining sculptural elements that married into their wall pieces, others like C215 cut into the floorboards to create a relief, still others worked in and around the decaying, partially destroyed infrastructure to create venues that slid into the fantasies of subconscious. “It was a free-for-all in a sense that once inside the apartment the artist had free reign to transform it however they wanted,” he says.

“What isn’t apparent in the pictures is how dark a lot of the rooms were. There were at least three rooms that were essentially dark with the exception of a little black light, while others were dimly lit by a solo lamp or fluorescent bulb. Sometimes you had to walk through holes in the walls to access further rooms.”

Seth. Detail. La Tour Paris 13.  (photo © Spencer Elzey)

In his images here you can see the variety of styles and influences that the artists brought to the game, each accepting that it was a one-time-only installation. Maybe this group wasn’t so hard to convince, since the very nature of art on the streets is ephemeral.

“Street Art on the street has an expiration date, but the exact amount of time in which it will stay up isn’t known,” says Elzey, “It can either be covered up by graffiti or another wheat-paste, it can be removed by the building owner, or it can just wither away from being exposed to the elements.”

La Tour Paris 13 brings to mind the multitude of urban explorers who regularly trek into abandoned and neglected places all over the world and leave their mark, activating previously moribund spaces with art, but no one has ever launched a show like this with such genuine quality or with this scope.

Uriginal. Detail. La Tour Paris 13.  (photo © Spencer Elzey)

“The closest thing that I can compare it to is 5 Pointz ,” Elzey says of the grouping of buildings in New Yorks’ Long Island City that provided what was perhaps the original group show venue for urban art from the 1990s until yesterday.  In an ironic mirroring of events, 5 Pointz and its multitude of external paintings underwent “the buff” the night before last after running an every-changing show for about three decades.

The 5 Pointz factory buildings themselves are also slated for demolition and will make way for new condos. “We all knew that its days were extremely numbered,” he says sadly of what had become a New York cultural heritage icon to some and a holy place for graffiti writers and Street Artists and fans from around the world.

Tellas. Detail. La Tour Paris 13.  (photo © Spencer Elzey)

The true impact from the La Tour Paris 13 project and 5 Pointz may happen in the mind and heart of the artist and the art fan; perhaps the beauty of this exercise, however short lived, is that the public is being encouraged to re-imagine old buildings for new uses, to consider what else we can do with private and public space.

When that conversation takes place we often realize how the limits of creativity are determined in no small part by imagination.

Sambre. Detail. La Tour Paris 13.  (photo © Spencer Elzey)

While we keep tracking the routes and machinations of this first global people’s art movement that has evolved into  Street Art, we fully expect that we will continue to be surprised and inspired by the creative spirit and by artists.

For Spencer, this Tour was a lot more personal. “Having experienced something like this on such an immense scale and with a definitive end date made me feel like I was part of something special.”

Stew. Detail. La Tour Paris 13.  (photo © Spencer Elzey)

Shoof. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), david walker. detail. jimmy c in the background room. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), guy denning. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), katre. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), rea1. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), pantonio. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), jaz. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), c215. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), belem. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), add fuel. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), dado. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), bom k . liliwenn. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), agostino iacurci. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), entes. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), inti. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), dan 23. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), maz. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), hopnn. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), jb rock. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), el seed. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), cekis. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), nebay. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), ethos. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), mar. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), loiola. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), mosko. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), cope and indi 184. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey), ludo on the exterior with a view of the line to get in. detail. la tour paris 13.  (photo © spencer elzey).

Visit La Tour Paris 13 site for a full set of photographs, details and a full experience of the project.

This article is also published on The Huffington Post.

Artists participating include: 108 ( Italy) – 2mil (Brazil) – Add Fuel ( Portugal) – AGL ( France ) – Lacurci Agostino (Italy) – Alexone ( France ) – A1one (Iran) – Amin ( France ) – Aous (Saudi Arabia) – awer (Italy) – Azooz (Saudi Arabia) – Belem (Portugal) – BOM.K ( France ) – Btoy (Spain) – C215 ( France ) – Celeste Java ( France ) – Cope2 (USA) – Corleone (Portugal ) – Dabro (Tunisia) – Dado (Italy) – Dan23 ( France ) – David Walker (UK) – Eime (Portugal) – eL Seed ( Tunisia) – Ethos (Brazil) – Etnik (Italy) – Fenx ( France ) – Flip (Brazil) – Gael ( France ) – Gilbert ( France ) – Guy Denning (UK) – Herbert Baglione (Brazil) – Hogre (Italy) – Hopnn (Italy) – Indie 184 (USA) – Inti Ansa ( France ) – Inti Castro (Chile) – Jaz (Argentina) – JB Rock ( Italy) – Jimmy C ( Australia) – Samina Joao (Portugal) – Jonone (USA) – Joys (Italy) – Julien Colombier ( France ) – Kan ( France ) – Katre ( France ) – Kruella (Portugal) – Legz ( France ) – Lek ( France ) – Liliwenn ( France ) – Loyola (Brazil) – Ludo ( France ) – Mrs. Sanbor ( France ) – March (Portugal) – Marko93 ( France ) , Mario Belem (Portugal) – Maryam (Saudi Arabia) – Mateo Garcia Leon ( France ) – Maz (Saudi Arabia) – moneyless (Italy) – Mosko ( France ) – Mp5 (Italy) – Myra ( France ) – Nano (Chile) – Nebay ( France ) – Nemi Uhu ( France ) – Nilko ( France ) – Orticanoodles (Italy) – PANTONIO (Portugal) – Paulo Arraiano (Portugal) – Peeta (Italy) – Philippe Baudelocque ( France ) – Rapto (Brazil) – Rea 1 ( France ) – Rodolphe Cintorino ( France ) – Roti ( France ) – Sambre ( France ) – Sean Hart ( France ) – Sebastien Preschoux ( France ) – Senso (Italy) – Seth ( France ) – Shaka ( France ) – Shoof (Tunisia) – Shuck2 ( France ) – Sowat ( France ) – Spazm ( France ) – Speto (Brazil) – Stew ( France ) – Stinkfish (Mexico) – Sumo (Luxembourg) – Tellas (Italy) – Tinho (Brazil) – Tore ( France ) -Uno ( France ) – Uriginal (Spain) – Vexta (Australia) – Vhils (Portugal) – / Maismenos (Portugal).

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Georges de La Tour

French Artist

Summary of Georges de La Tour

One of the greatest exponents of 17 th century Baroque painting, La Tour's mastery of chiaroscuro was such that he is often named as Caravaggio's natural successor. But La Tour's paintings, although relatively small in number, stand on their own terms for an economy of styling that charge his brooding candlelit scenes with a sense of enigmatic tranquility. La Tour's oeuvre shows a steady progression towards a uniquely minimalist style that would touch upon elements of symmetrical abstraction. Indeed, several historians have championed la Tour as the true progenitor of the Cubist movement. Although he was much admired in his own day, La Tour joins the exalted company of Piero della Francesca and Vermeer as canonical artists whose names and works had fallen into obscurity (and in La Tour's case, misattributed) before being rediscovered (and re-championed) by historians in the 20 th century.

Accomplishments

• La Tour's distinguished himself from others working in the Baroque style through a series of works that feature figures lit dramatically by the soft glow of a single light source. La Tour became increasingly drawn to candlelight scenes - often featuring a young boy or girl absorbed in an everyday task, whereby the flame spreads an atmosphere of otherworldly calm across the whole canvas. As his style evolved, La Tour's works would become increasingly sparse, with his masses reduced to simple, almost geometrical, dimensions. This technique imbues his works with a somewhat modern appearance that has provided a significant addition to the catalogue of 17th century French art.
• La Tour is sometimes referred to as a realist on the grounds that his works addressed the lives and experiences of the "common folk" of his hometown of Lorraine. But La Tour was not a naturalist. For his "real-life" works he achieved a sober, but meditative, quality. Indeed, rather than fixate the picturesque style that was prevalent in Northern Europe at the time, La Tour turned to the Caravaggesque realist approach since it provided the best means of representing "the soul of man".
• La Tour's sparsely populated pictures are rendered in "anonymous" locations with the absence of setting or scenery. His subjects never pose in front of architectural backgrounds or landscapes, with borders and boundaries delineated typically through partitioning devices such as walls. He omitted subsidiary figures with incidental accessories kept to the bare minimum (even his saints and angels were without haloes and wings). This technique, which brought a sense of silent calm, contributed to the enigmatic quality that has come to distinguish his work.
• La Tour's paintings, almost exclusively genre and religious works, can be divided between daytime and night-time scenes. Whereas the latter are defined by artificial light and a near elimination of color, the former, such as The Cheat with the Ace of Diamonds (c. 1635) and The Fortune-Teller (undated, c.1630-34), are distinguished by for their sharp, clear lighting, and a precision of brushwork. La Tour's works from this phase already indicate something of his individuality in their exquisite ornamentations and rendering of textures.

The Life of Georges de La Tour

According to author Christopher Wright, La Tour, "was seen as the great master of candlelight paintings, set apart from his contemporaries, by a near magical approach, both in subject matter and technique".

Important Art by Georges de La Tour

The Payment of Taxes

An important early work by La Tour, it shows an elderly man paying a tax (or debt) to group of men. The scene carries an element of threat in that the taxpayer seems as if he is being intimidated by the group. Author Philip Conisbee says of the work, "It has been convincingly suggested that its source lies in the tradition of tax-paying scenes, a well-established theme in Netherlandish art since the sixteenth century". Yet the painting carries a certain ambiguity in that, what might be on surface level a generic peasant scene of the powerful subjugating the meek, could be a modern reinterpretation of the biblical story of the "Calling of Matthew" (the tax collector who became a disciple) if, as some historians believe, it was painted during the earliest period of his career when he was chiefly engaged in painting the saints. In either case, this work offers confirmation of La Tour's skill at creating complex group compositions. According to Conisbee, here "La Tour employs a crowded space, somewhat awkward, eccentric poses, and a self-conscious use of artificial light to create the atmosphere of a silent and unsettling drama. Every feature of the painting - gestures, expressions, enigmatic poses, the play of light and shade - works to produce a tense, concentrated mood. Even the elevated viewpoint adds to the tension we experience from this encounter. [Even though early in his career, it] is already characteristic of La Tour's approach to painting: he rarely chooses an innovative subject, but he meditates on it deeply and presents it in a highly focused or concentrated way. There is no visual distraction, no ornament for ornament's sake. Forms are reduced to essentials, as are the gestures and expressions of his actors, establishing in this case a threatening mood".

Oil on canvas - Museum of Fine Arts, Lviv, Ukraine

Old Peasant Couple Eating

This painting is one of La Tour's key early works. It amply demonstrates his flair for capturing the mood of his subjects. As author Vittorio Maria de Bonis notes, the couple "ignore each other and instead sink their melancholy gaze into the eyes of the viewer as they angrily and greedily eat spoonfuls of the bright peas inside chipped, rough terracotta bowls". The mature figures are desperately hungry and they might easily symbolize the population of Lorraine (in Northeastern France) who had grown exhausted through war and famine. The bleak mood is reinforced through the dramatic Baroque style that sets the figures, whose faces and figures are cast in shadows, against a dour, featureless, background. De Bonis calls the painting, "one of the most eloquently desolate images of hunger and poverty ever painted". This work is also interesting because, unlike the artist's later pieces, it is not obvious to the viewer what message La Tour was trying to communicate. According to author Philip Conisbee, the work, "presents something of a dilemma for the modern viewer, for there are no clues about how the artist and his public understood such a picture: should we pity their plight, look down on them, or just savor their picturesqueness?". Conisbee suggests that La Tour invests his subjects "with a certain dignity, which perhaps means we should admire them as 'salt of the earth'". It is this fascinating element of ambiguity that contributed to the painters soaring reputation amongst 20 th century historians.

Oil on canvas - Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, Germany

The Fortune-Teller

Art historian Deanna MacDonald writes, "This painting is full of enigmas relating to its painter, subject and provenance. Signed in Latin in its top right corner 'G. de La Tour Fecit Luneuilla Lothar' (made by G. de La Tour, Lunéville Lorraine), this is one of the few daylight paintings by an artist who specialised in nocturnal scenes". In this narrative work, a well-to-do young man looks questioningly at the toothless old woman on the far right of the canvas as she holds out a coin. While focused on whatever tale she is spinning, he fails to realize that the other women standing around him, in cahoots with the older woman who has distracted him, are in the act of picking his pockets. MacDonald observes, "There is no indication of setting, though all wear colourful costumes. Are they in a brothel? Are the robbers gypsies? As it has a theatrical air, could it be a scene from a play, such as the parable of the prodigal son? But la Tour does not play the scene for comedy or eroticism. Sideways glances, expressive hand gestures and a mix of shadow and crisp daylight create an atmosphere ripe with tension: what will happen next? Details are meticulously rendered; from the patterns on the colourful fabrics to the words AMOR (love) and FIDES (faith) written minutely on the young man's watch chain. Despite the moralising theme, the artist seems to imbue each character with humanity: the foppish youth seems more naïve than dissolute and there is a sense of sadness and peril about the thieves (punishments for stealing in the 17th century included cutting off an ear, branding or death). The picture seems to warn of the dangers for all in a world of deceit and greed". MacDonald also introduces an interesting historical caveat into readings of the painting. In 1984 the art historian Christopher Wright published a book in which he claimed that all of La Tour's daylight pictures were in fact forgeries. MacDonald observes, "Wright, who as a young scholar had been involved in La Tour authentications, said that he had been pressured to pronounce the work genuine by powerful figures such as Sir Anthony Blunt, the famed art expert/spy. Wright even suggested that a French restorer (who died in 1954) named Delobre who worked for Wildenstein in the USA had painted them. Many have dismissed Wright's claims, including the Met [Museum of Art] but an aura of mystery remains".

Oil on canvas - Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA

The Penitent Magdalen

The Penitent Magdalen is rich in the type of religious symbolism that would have been easily understood by audiences of La Tour's day. As the Metropolitan Museum of Art explains, "the quiet atmosphere of this painting perfectly fits the subject, Mary Magdalen, who renounced the pleasures of the flesh for a life of penance and contemplation. She is shown with a mirror, symbol of vanity; a skull, emblem of mortality; and a candle that probably references her spiritual enlightenment". Here, as in his others works in this style, La Tour uses heightened chiaroscuro - or tenebrism - to underscore the mood and/or motivation of his subject. Conisbee writes, "At its most basic level the darkened interior enabled the artist to play on the theme of light and reflected light in contrast with the surrounding obscurity. It could set a mood conducive to contemplation and meditation, both for the actors in his pictures and for the participating spectator. Light and darkness had symbolic values on several levels: most obviously in the contrast between the spiritual darkness of our mortal world, illuminated by the light of the divine". Indeed, Mary Magdalene is a fitting subject for La Tour's Baroque treatment. The candle, which was widely interpreted as a symbol of Christ's presence, features here to connote an act of meditation and Magdalen's new faith (in Jesus) that will lead her away from a life of sin. But perhaps the most striking stylistic feature of this work is the reflection of the candle in the mirror. As Conisbee explains, "The two flames really dominate the picture, not only because they are the source of light, illuminating the figure of the Magdalene, but also because the repeated image of the flame and its reflection are so compelling; we can see both sides of the candle, and the far side best because it is illuminated by the reflected light. Only the skull on Magdalene's lap suggests that she may be pondering the earthly reality of our mortality and the eternal truth of the spiritual life, while deciding to abandon the blandishments of the material world".

Saint Joseph in the Carpenter's Shop

A rarely depicted subject, La Tour has shown Jesus as a young boy in the workshop of his carpenter father. Joseph dominates the scene and is bent down over a piece of wood, which he is working with a tool. Jesus holds a candle to help his father to see, effectively bathing his whole face in light. Joseph's eyes seem to be turned upward towards his son, suggesting they are in conversation. In fact this could be read as a humble familial scene were it not for the painting's title. La Tour's nocturne painting shows how he used lighting effects to elevate drama over naturalism. As authors Claudio Falcucci and Simona Rinaldi write, "one example of the extent to which what is portrayed in his paintings can be divorced from reality is visible in the Child's hand hiding the candle [...]. It is commonly known that light transmitted across a hand with its fingers closed produces a bright red colour, which is at its brightest where the fingers touch one another, and darker where the hand is thicker. In no case do we ever observe a white contour around the fingers, especially when they slightly overlap as they do in the representation. [...] Indeed, a constant element in La Tour's canvases seems to be his moving beyond the mere description of the physical phenomenon of the light released by the candle in the name of a more highly symbolic value".

Oil on canvas - Louvre Museum, Paris, France

The Choirboy

This work is characteristic of La Tour's penetrating application of the Baroque style. To enhance the drama of his scenes, and demonstrating his sophisticated handling of chiaroscuro that expresses itself in sharp tenebrism, he allowed his figures, in this case a solitary choirboy wearing a plumb colored alb with a delicately embroidered collar, to be illuminated by the light of a single candle. What is perhaps most interesting about this work from a compositional point of view is that the candle is not visible; rather it is hidden behind the hymn book that the boy holds. Only the tip of the flame and the base of the candle in the boy's hand is peeking out from behind the book. La Tour's clever composition reinforces the dedication of the boy to the task at hand while perhaps allowing the viewer to contemplate their own faith and devotion. Art critic Laura Cumming offers this reading of the painting: "La Tour must have seen a Caravaggio somewhere, if only as a print - but nobody has ever put such emphasis on the behaviour of candlelight. The way it strokes surfaces, sends out showers of highlights, gives warmth as well as light while casting everything beyond its ambit into blackness. His figures appear spellbound by the magical flame, seized with its mystery; only the candlelight shifts. He often achieves this by hiding the light source itself. [Here a] choirboy holds a candle up to his hymns but we only see the tip of the flame above a book that's as black as night. All that is visible, in fact, in this cave of seething darkness are the fingers, the face and this mesmerising flicker, giving the queer sense of a soul in trance. And what a serene mask the boy has, radically simplified and slightly oriental like many of de La Tour's characters. His candlelight seems to sheer away irregularities like a laser, polishing skin and making diamonds of eyes".

Oil on canvas - Leicester Museum and Art Gallery, Leicester, England

The Adoration of the Shepherds

In La Tour's nativity painting, the Christ child, swaddled in white cloth, is featured bathed in light in the center of the composition. Mary sits on the left, hands clasped in prayer while Joseph, sitting directly across from her, has his hands raised in praise. Two shepherds and a peasant girl occupy the background and look down on the baby adoringly. While the nativity has been a popular theme for artists throughout history, La Tour's approach distinguishes itself from other works in this theme. According to Conisbee, "the story lent itself to a nighttime scene, and there are countless prototypes in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. La Tour has gathered a group of five sympathetically observed worshippers around the Christ Child, who seems to radiate more light than he can possibly simply reflect from the candle held by Joseph. This last detail is significant. [...] La Tour brings a sense of intimacy and tenderness to the scene, and we can admire his powers of observation in the swaddled child. [...] There is no sense of theatricality in La Tour's interpretation: no dramatic gestures or exaggerated expressions". In this example we can see a style of rendering figures that helped distinguish La Tour from the approach of Caravaggio (to whom he was/is routinely compared). As Falcucci and Rinaldi explain, "while Caravaggio tended to emphasize the sculptural qualities of his subjects by painting them before he painted the background, which he then darkened depending on what was needed, always being sure not to let the background and the subject come into pictorial contact with each other, La Tour made very distinct borders between the background colours, which he then painted independently so that the figures were transformed into shapes applied to the background, with no dialectical rapport between the two".

Biography of Georges de La Tour

Childhood and education.

There is little information about the early life of Georges de La Tour, and without a surviving self-portrait (assuming he had painted one), we do not even have an image of the artist. All that is known (rumors that he was arrogant and unpopular with his neighbors notwithstanding) is that he was the second of seven children, born in Vic-sur-Seille (Vic), a large market town in the independent duchy of Lorraine (now part of north-eastern France). His father, Jean de La Tour, was a baker, his mother, also from a family of bakers, was named Sybille de Crospaux. His baptismal certificate was registered in Vic on 14 March 1593.

Early Training

That La Tour must have had an early interest in art can be assumed given that in the seventeenth century one would not have been accepted into a workshop to study unless he or she had already demonstrated a nascent talent. Art historian Gail Feigenbaum suggests that "His apprenticeship likely began around 1605, perhaps in Vic with Alphonse de Rambervilliers, a writer and amateur engraver close to the bishop of Metz, and he very likely worked in Nancy with the painter, etcher, and draftsman Jacques Bellange". Authors Claudio Falcucci and Simona Rinaldi have also conjectured that La Tour "received his artistic education in the workshop of the Swiss painter Claude Dogoz, who was working in the lively Lorraine area at the time". And while little is known about his religious upbringing, Feigenbaum observes that his devotional paintings, such as The Repentant Magdalen (c. 1640), "demonstrate powerful introspection and intense spirituality [that] may reflect the strong Catholic sentiments of Lorraine, which bordered northern Protestant states".

The influence of the Italian Baroque style , especially in the dark and dramatic backgrounds of Caravaggio (La Tour was still a teenager when the archetypal artistic rebel died, or was killed), begs the question: where would the artist have seen and studied such paintings? As Feigenbaum writes, "there has been much unresolved discussion about a possible trip to Rome". La Tour had begun painting with Dogoz and it is thought that he could have travelled to Italy with Dogoz between 1614-16, where he discovered the paintings of Caravaggio. Feigenbaum acknowledges that "La Tour's low-life subjects and his bold tenebrist manner of painting seem to be heavily indebted to the work of Caravaggio [...] and his followers in Rome [such as Bartolomeo Manfredi]. But Caravaggio's influence was spreading throughout Europe in the second decade of the century so it was by no means necessary for La Tour to have made an Italian trip". Indeed, Gerrit van Honthorst and Dirck van Baburen were working in the Baroque style in Utrecht, while in Lorraine, Jacques Bellange and Jean Leclerc were both exploring the dramatic potential for tenebrist lighting effects.

Mature Period

La Tour was married to Diane Le Nerf, a woman of status and wealth, in 1617 (La Tour gave his profession as painter on the marriage certificate). Her family were silversmiths and her father served as the minister of finance to the Duke of Lorraine. Having lived at the Le Nerf's family residence in Vic, they settled in the city of Lunéville (15 miles south of Vic) following the birth of their first child (Philipp) in 1620. (The couple were parents to a total of nine or ten children, although only three would reach adulthood, including their son, Etienne, who was officially ennobled as a painter in 1670.) In Lunéville, La Tour joined the studio of Claude Baccarat and between 1621-24 the Duke bought two of La Tour's paintings. With his reputation secured, La Tour established his own workshop in Lunéville where he employed apprentices.

The La Tours lived through a time of great uncertainty. It was the period of the Thirty Year War (1618-48) and by the 1630s Lunéville was becoming increasingly unsafe. As historian Gabriel Diss states, "La Tour needed great determination and unflinching energy not to be crushed by the incursions of armed rabble, the hordes of poverty-stricken refugees, the state of famine and the plague that struck Lorraine three times, in 1631, 1633, and 1636. He shouldered the great responsibility of supplying the needs of a workshop and a family of nine children, a burden made still greater in 1631 when he was appointed guardian of his nephews Antoine and François Nardoyen. The records show that he performed his duties with fairness and clear-sightedness".

The independent duchy of Lorraine (now northeastern France) sat between France and the Germany of the Holy Roman Empire. The citizens of Lunéville (located within the duchy of Lorraine) were trapped in the war between these two mighty colonial powers and La Tour and his family lived with a constant fear for their safety. After his home was ransacked, and his workshop razed, during a sack of Lunéville by the French in 1638, La Tour moved his family 30km to Nancy. Despite his close friendship with the Duke of Lorraine, La Tour now pledged his loyalty to the French. With his family safely settled in Nancy, La Tour left for Paris in 1639 where he took up his most prestigious position as peintre du roi ("Painter in Ordinary to King Louis XIII of France"). He made such an impression in this role that he was granted permission to set up a living space in the Louvre a year later.

Later Period

Once Lorraine became secure again (now under control of the French) La Tour was able to return home with his family. According to records dated 1643 he established a successful new studio in Lunéville. He produced religious and domestic scenes, both genres of which were popular throughout Europe. According to author Philip Conisbee, "La Tour conducted his artistic affairs in a solidly professional way: there were contracts, agreements, and schedules of payment. We know that he ran a small studio [and engaged apprentices] who helped out in the day-to-day running of his business and learned at least the rudiments of art from him. He [also] presumably trained his son Etienne".

Feigenbaum writes that, "between 1644 and 1651, the marquis de La Ferté-Sénecterre [...] the French governor of Lorraine, received six of La Tour's paintings as tribute from the cities of the region". It was also during this period that his nocturne paintings became popular. Anchored in the Baroque style, it was through his nocturnes that La Tour distinguished himself among his peers in the subtle way he used light to dramatize the actions of his subjects. Historian Pat Bauer writes, "The paintings of La Tour's maturity [...] are marked by a startling geometric simplification of the human form and by the depiction of interior scenes lit only by the glare of candles or torches. His religious paintings done in this manner have a monumental simplicity and a stillness that expresses both contemplative quiet and wonder".

Tragically, the plague that swept through Europe in the 1650s ravaged Lorraine and it is believed to have been the cause of La Tour's wife's death in 1652. What wider success La Tour might have achieved will remain unknown as this epidemic, a possibly a deep sense of grief, most likely claimed the artist's life only two weeks after his wife's passing. La Tour was fifty-eight years old.

The Legacy of Georges de La Tour

According to the author Dimitri Salmon, "La Tour's works were seldom copied in engravings and hence little known, nor did he have a biographer to record his life for posterity. Finally, Lorraine was constantly devasted by war for three centuries, and with it not only the painter's workshop but also the churches, monasteries, castles and mansions where his paintings hung". It wasn't until the early twentieth century that art historians began to examine La Tour's work through a contemporary lens, beginning in 1915 through the writings of art historian Hermann Voss. Calling his art "one of the great rediscoveries of the 20 th century", the historian Susan Moore states, "Today it seems inconceivable that this most compelling and singular of artists, highly successful in his day, should have been almost entirely forgotten for three centuries. [...] The reconstruction and rehabilitation of his artistic career have been described as 'the triumph of art history, and its justification'".

La Tour's work has had a profound influence on subsequent generations of artists. As Salmon states, "it is the fame of these works which is taken to task by the artists of the end of the twentieth and beginning of the twenty-first century as much as their beauty and the interest they arouse. Whatever their age, their career path or their nationality, whatever their aim or their technique, in their own way, today's artists - from the Chinese artist Yin Xin to the Mexican Alejandra Figueroa, the French artists Jérome Mesnager, Gérard Collin-Thiébaut and Frédéric Coché and the Italian Gerardo Dicrola - amply illustrate the tremendous infatuation with Georges de La Tour and the fascination that his Christ with Saint Joseph in the Carpenter's Shop and Adoration of the Shepherds exert more powerfully than ever before".

Influences and Connections

Useful Resources on Georges de La Tour

• Georges de La Tour and his World Our Pick By Philip Conisbee
• Georges de La Tour By Jacques Thuillier
• Georges de La Tour and the Enigma of the Visible By Dalia Judovitz
• Georges de La Tour: The Adoration of the Shepherds Christ with Saint Joseph in the Carpenter's Shop Our Pick Edited by Valeria Merlini, Dimitri Salmon, and Daniela Storti
• Flickers of genius By Laura Cumming / The Observer / July 15, 2007
• Georges de la Tour: The Fortune Teller - c1630s By Deanna MacDonald / Great Works of Western Art
• The Fortune-Teller Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
• A sale in Cologne turns the spotlight on Georges de La Tour By Susan Moore / Apollo Magazine / November 25, 2020
• French Paintings of the Fifteenth through the Eighteenth Century By Gail Feigenbaum / The Collections of the National Gallery of Art Systematic Catalogue, Washington, D.C. / 2009
• Georges de La Tour By Pat Bauer / Britannica.com
• Georges de La Tour's paintings in the UK: French Caravaggism in Leicester, Wiltshire and Teesside Our Pick By Christopher Wright / Art UK / January 19, 2012
• A Sale in Cologne Turns the Spotlight on Georges de La Tour By Susan Moore / Apollo Magazine / November 25, 2020
• Georges de La Tour's Penitent Magdalen | Painting of the Week Podcast | S3 EP17 This podcast provides an indepth look at Georges de La Tour's painting the Penitent Magdalen
• Lecture: Dr. Lynn Orr, Ph. D - September 28, 2019 This lecture presented at the Portland Museum of Art features Dr. Lynn Orr discussing Georges de La Tour's nocturne painting The Magdalen with the Smoking Flame
• George de La Tour National Gallery of Art

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Content compiled and written by Jessica DiPalma

Edited and revised, with Summary and Accomplishments added by Antony Todd

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'La Tour 13', A 'Street Art Building', Set Up For Demolition In 2014.

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Los Muros Hablan: The Walls Speak

Contemporary muralism project.

By Los Muros Hablan

"Muralism has become one of the largest artistic and cultural movements in the history of the art world.

The art form is very democratic. Anyone who wants to express themselves can leave their mark so future generations can enjoy their artistry. Los Muros Hablan seeks to rescue the abandoned spaces of the city with art.The project builds on the international artistic movements of major cities. It has created a multicultural urban art initiative in Puerto Rico through the participation of local and international artists."

"DALeast is easily one of the most prolific street artists of our time. He is also an accomplished painter, sculptor, and digital artist. He was born in 1984 in Wuhan, China and is currently based in Cape Town, South Africa. He studied Sculpture at the Institute of Fine Arts and began making public art in 2004. His murals can be found in cities around the world including the U.S., Switzerland, Namibia, France, Israel, Australia and China. He mainly uses animals as his works’ subject matter. He regularly includes faint line work in the background of his paintings. This line work creates a shadowing effect for his images in the foreground. The resulting effect is magic-like, and DALeast delivers a sense of wonder with his work every time. DALeast’s art is meant to capture its audience’s emotion in every possible way."

"Sego, a moniker derived from his last name Segovia, is originally from Mexico. He is inspired by wildlife, the environment, the natural processes of living things, and the relationship between man and nature, among other things. We can see these influences in his murals, embodied by impressive and elaborate insects. These murals can be found in cities such as Havana, Paris, Buenos Aires, Elche (Spain) and Miami (Florida, USA)."

"Francisco Fasoli alias Jaz, born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, doesn't seek to establish a social or political opinion with his art. His goals are to break up the monotony and express himself freely. He began painting in 1999 as part of a new generation of Argentine artists interested in representing traditional themes of their culture. Through the years, his major themes and inspiration has changed. Nowadays he focuses on themes such as cities, identity clashes, and interesting characters composed of human bodies. We can find his work in Barcelona, ​​New York, Atlanta, Paris and Brazil."

"Aryz, born in the interesting city of Barcelona, Spain, brings us an attractive work that integrates different topics with a colorful style giving it a twist. Its dynamic and gigantic pieces are full of detail and personality. Aryz creates fantastic atmospheres resembling those of science fiction. His work is full of emotions and style.  He finds inspiration in everything that surrounds him, whether it is good or bad. His work can be found on abandoned walls on the outskirts of Barcelonas as well as in New York, Germany, Poland, Italy, India, and Bosnia and now in the Caribbean."

Corográfico 

Corográfico

"Corográfico (alias El Coro) is a collective group of seven Puerto Rican artists: Acty2, Esco, Rimx, Smoke, Son, Nepo and Spear, united by their passion for denouncing social injustice and revealing a unique vision of society through urban art.

They work around the island creating murals and sharing their message. Beyond their work as a group, each of the seven artists specializes in different forms of visual art. Their individual styles range beyond typical “street art”. The set of skills that every artist has represents their unique perspective as well as their work."

Conor Harrington

"Conor Harrington, born in Cork, Ireland, has earned worldwide recognition for his dramatic works embodied in the street. His blend of the historic and the hypermodern is unsurpassed, he combines vintage elements with contemporary elements, creating complex compositions employing the pathos of the past to stress the importance of current events. Conor’s first works use cutting-edge graffiti techniques to create intense, multi-layered artworks that allude to the work of Abstract Expressionist artists."

Celso González

Celso Gonzålez

"Celso González, born in Puerto Rico, is a multidisciplinary artist from an early age who felt a call to be an artist. Ever since, he hasn't stopped creating different art techniques and methods. From architecture to mosaic, he has experimented with all kinds of materials to carry a message that is often introspective. More than a muralist, he's a Puerto Rican artist who has filled Puerto Rico with artworks for over 15 years. He sometimes uses symbolism derived from his origins with references such as the “bomba”, “plena”, masks and “vejigantes”, although recently we've seen in his work transition from abstract to a figurative style. He has taken his particular jargon to a variety of countries including Brazil, Argentina, Italy, Mexico, and Taiwan among others."

"Nicolás Romero known as Ever, was born in Argentina and began painting in the streets of Buenos Aires since the 90s. Today, he brings an intelligent perspective that is paired with social consciousness in streets all over the world. His work features an interesting combination of social awareness represented with cultural icons that sometimes stand in juxtaposition and are sometimes intertwined. He is characterized by the contrast he creates by combining great realistic portraits with colorful abstract shapes. He firmly expresses his position on topics from politics, religion, and our daily lives. In recent years he has painted in Atlanta, Baltimore, Mexico, Peru and Paris."

"Inti Castro, a muralist from Valparaiso, Chile, has been creating murals since he was 14 years old.  He was influenced by the original Latin American and classical iconography of graffiti, and developed his work with a strong personality, setting him apart from what had existed in the streets of Chile. By 2002, he changed his perception of graffiti when traveling to the cities of Brazil. This new vision gave him more freedom of expression and took him to more experimental paths of native cultures and mixed them with a particular poetic subjectivity. You can see the evolution of his style and his passion via the colors of his exotic characters on huge city walls. His works have impacted countries worldwide like Spain, Chile, Norway, France and Germany."

"Roa, born in Belgium, is recognized worldwide as one of the most important muralists of this time. His work is characterized by huge and impressive figures of animals in black and white, strategically placed so that they interact with the space that surrounds them. Roa’s animals transmit a certain emotion through their tired gaze as if they were observing the city and reacting to their context. He has enhanced city walls around the world with a freehand style as he does not sketches and only designs his painting once he reaches the city and its local context. While he prefers to express himself freely and not to please an institution for the sake of a commission, most of the walls have been painted with permits and he has exhibited interesting pieces and installations at museums and galleries."

"Axel Void, born in Miami, was raised in Spain, where from an early age he became interested in classical painting and drawing. He creates his murals with spray paint, olio and acrylic. He is famous for his huge outdoor murals as well as for his small technically perfect designs. Void’s work features themes such as drugs, poverty and death. "

"Faith, born in South Africa, is an artist who, through her work, pays tribute to nature and spirituality within an urban environment. Her street illustrations give the impression that real life is part of a story."

Alexis Díaz

"Born in Puerto Rico, Alexis Diaz's inspiration comes from all areas. Everything around him is a source: nature, music, the daily sunrise, and life itself. At each site that he goes to, he creates his own creatures, species that can adapt to the environment, and that can evolve. The use of Asian ink in his walls makes his work distinct. His murals have can be found in countries like Austria, UK, USA, Peru, Mexico, Tunisia, Slovakia, Italy, Germany, Denmark and many others."

David Zayas

"Born in Puerto Rico, David Zayas began formal studies at the School of Fine Arts in Ponce. His first reference to the drawing was the work of his father, an illustrator. Through his father’s influence, Zayas began to draw. His first experiments were to copy images, but his curiosity evolved until he found his own style.

To Zayas, society and the university are essential in the development of his works. He always tries to ensure that the viewer remains in a confused state, a midpoint where the person can decide which way to go. He plays with the good and the bad. In his work, everything is in constant play and constantly coexistent."

David Zayas 

Vero Rivera

"Born on June 22, 1985 in San Juan, Vero Rivera graduated from the School of Visual Arts in San Juan, where she obtained a Bachelor of Arts with a major in painting. Initially, Veronica made leaf pieces. She altered and cut the interior design of the leaf, dried the leaves, and then made the patterns.

Now she works with other materials but retains the organic forms as the basis of her work. Many can be compared with a decorative and even spiritual oriental style. She emphasizes the importance of making use of the materials that the environment provides.

Vero Rivera has been part of several group exhibitions at the National Museum of Puerto Rico, El Cuartel Ballajá, Fine Arts in Santo Domingo, among others. Additionally, Vero attended as a guest artist in projects such as: La Ruta del Festival Viajero, Sin Fin Arte: Colores Vivos, Trastalleres; Barrio Boquerón, received the third award “Florece la Primavera Glade”."

"Similar to the growth of PUN 18's art, graffiti has led to a smooth transition in the creation of murals and paintings, playing an important role in his career since he was 15 years old. He has exhibited in solo and group exhibitions, public murals, commissions. His works can be found in Puerto Rico, Spain, Canada, USA, France and Germany. He has been published in numerous magazines and newspapers in Puerto Rico and abroad, in books such as “The History of American Graffiti”, “Graffiti Planet” 1 and 2, among many others. Pun18 born in San Juan, Puerto Rico in 1985, lives and works in Bayamon, Puerto Rico."

Agostino Iacurci

"Born in Foggia in 1986, Agostino Lacurci lives and works in Rome. In his works of synthetic forms and bright colors, he drives multiple layers of interpretation through an essential language. This approach places his narratives on the perennial threshold between innocence and artifice, serenity and catastrophe, in a magnetic tension that is the interpretive key to our very existence. In 2009 he created a 300-meter work for Saba School in Western Saharawi. In 2011, he took part in the “Rebibbia On The Wall” project, painting, together with the inmates, three huge participative murals, within the courtyard of the maximum-security area. In 2012, he created an installation work on three buildings of the Besançon University Campus, France. In 2013, for the “Fubon Art Foundation” in Taipei, he made an installation on a 21 story skyscraper and he has been selected to represent Italy at “La Tour 13” in Paris. His work has been shown in many exhibitions, festivals and projects in Europe, USA, Brazil, Russia, Australia, Korea, Japan and Taiwan."

Daniel Muñoz

"Daniel Muñoz “SAN” began his artistic career in the early nineties painting on walls and other public locations in Moral (Cáceres), where he was born and raised. In 2000 he moved to Madrid to begin his university studies at the Faculty of Fine Arts at the Complutense University, where he did his first exhibitions and mural interventions in many cities in Spain and Europe. His language consists of symbols and codes that imply a careful reading between the narrative of classical painting and moral discourses of contemporary art. All of his works force us to fall into diverse and complex interpretations, despite daily narrating facts and anecdotes, based on the most mundane topics. In recent years he has made hundreds of interventions in public spaces and exhibitions worldwide. His work has been published in numerous books and publications artistic prestige, emphasizing its monograph edited by Bel in 2006."

"Born in Los Angeles in 1980, El Mac has been creating and studying art independently since he was a child. He was inspired at a young age by classic European painters such as Caravaggio, Vermeer and Art Nouveau symbolists such as Klimt and Mucha. This was mixed with the more contemporary influences of graffiti and photorealism, as well as the Chicano & Mexican culture he grew up in. He began painting with acrylics and graffiti in the mid ’90s, when his primary focus became the life-like rendering of human faces and figures. He has since worked consistently toward developing his unique rendering style, which utilizes repeating contour lines reminiscent of ripples, turing patterns, and indigenous North American art. In 1999, he began to paint portraits of his friends and anonymous Mexican Laborers in public spaces throughout the American southwest, both legally and illegally. He also started painting large technicolor aerosol interpretations of classic paintings by old European masters. This led to being commissioned in 2003 by the Groeninge Museum in Brugge, Belgium to paint his interpretations of classic Flemish paintings in the museum’s collection. He has since then been commissioned to paint murals across the US, as well as in Mexico, Denmark, Sweden, Canada, South Korea, Belgium, Italy, The Netherlands, Puerto Rico, Spain, France, Singapore, Germany, Ireland, the UK, Vietnam and Cuba. Mac’s art was featured on the cover of Juxtapoz Magazine in 2009 and again in 2012, as well as the cover of LA Weekly for a feature on the Seventh Letter collective.  In the last few years he has had successful solo exhibitions at Fifty24SF Gallery in San Francisco (2009), and Joshua Liner Gallery in NYC (2010).  In 2010, he also painted a large mural on the museum of contemporary art (MARCO) in Monterrey, Mexico as part of the Seres Queridos project.  In 2012 he painted a large mural in Havana, Cuba for the 11th Havana Biennial sponsored by the Cisneros-Fontanals Art Foundation."

"Born and raised in San Juan Puerto Rico, Juan Gutiérrez is known as “The Stencil Network.” His art specializes with template techniques that has been practiced for about 10 years. The bulk of his artistic knowledge is due to self-learning as the artist by practice rather than academia.

Today, his work belongs to several public and private collections, including the ICP and MAPR, and has been shown in Puerto Rico, New York and Vienna. “The Stencil Network” has managed recognition at the scene of local and global art for his work can be described as a graphic, figurative and high contrast that has as precedent the 'pop art' and propaganda.

He is a central figure in a new generation of young people that address socio-political issues and brings them to different environments, including galleries. His work combines classic and contemporary references to create dramatic dialogue with the viewer."

The Stencil Network

Los Muros Hablan

Fotógrafo—Alex Díaz ©AlexDiazPhotography 2014

La Tour Paris - Anglophone Section Reviews & Information

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About La Tour Paris - Anglophone Section

La Tour Paris - Anglophone Section began with a single program, now called Etudes Anglophones, designed to provide a bilingual and bicultural education for students entering La Tour with a fluent level of spoken and written English. However, we soon realized how important it is to give ALL students the opportunity to perfect their English skills and introduce them to the many cultures of the English-speaking world. Anglais Avancé, an honors program for top students in Anglais académique, was thus born, creating a second level adapted for non-bilingual level students. Soon after, the Step Programs for pre-primary and primary students were established to begin the learning process even earlier.

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The Moscow Metro Tour is included in most guided tours’ itineraries. Opened in 1935, under Stalin’s regime, the metro was not only meant to solve transport problems, but also was hailed as “a people’s palace”. Every station you will see during your Moscow metro tour looks like a palace room. There are bright paintings, mosaics, stained glass, bronze statues… Our Moscow metro tour includes the most impressive stations best architects and designers worked at - Ploshchad Revolutsii, Mayakovskaya, Komsomolskaya, Kievskaya, Novoslobodskaya and some others.

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The guide will not only help you navigate the metro, but will also provide you with fascinating background tales for the images you see and a history of each station.

And there some stories to be told during the Moscow metro tour! The deepest station - Park Pobedy - is 84 metres under the ground with the world longest escalator of 140 meters. Parts of the so-called Metro-2, a secret strategic system of underground tunnels, was used for its construction.

During the Second World War the metro itself became a strategic asset: it was turned into the city's biggest bomb-shelter and one of the stations even became a library. 217 children were born here in 1941-1942! The metro is the most effective means of transport in the capital.

There are almost 200 stations 196 at the moment and trains run every 90 seconds! The guide of your Moscow metro tour can explain to you how to buy tickets and find your way if you plan to get around by yourself.

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Golf | LIV golfers, PGA Tour stars together at the Masters, for now

Liv golf has 13 players in the field, seven of them former champions who can play as long as they want, but that’s down from 18 a year ago and only nine liv players are assured of being back next year.

By DOUG FERGUSON AP Golf Writer

AUGUSTA, Ga. — More than golf’s first major championship of the year, the Masters represents unification. This is the first time since July at the British Open the best players regardless of their tours compete against each other – same course, same tournament, same television network.

“I believe everyone agrees there’s excitement in the air this week,” Masters Chairman Fred Ridley said Wednesday. “The best players in the world are together once again.”

Still unclear at Augusta National is for how much longer.

Saudi-funded LIV Golf has 13 players at the Masters, seven of them former champions who can play as long as they want. That’s down from 18 a year ago. Only nine LIV players are assured of being back to Augusta National next year, depending on how they fare in the majors this year.

Ridley offered little hope the pathway for LIV to Augusta National was about to get wider.

He said the Official World Golf Ranking was a “legitimate determiner” of the best in golf, bad news for a rival league that does not get world ranking points. And while the Masters annually reviews its criteria for invitations, Ridley announced no new changes.

Instead, he leaned on the Masters being an invitational, and the club alone decides who it deems worthy of getting that elegant, cream-colored invitation in the mail.

“If we felt that there were a player or players, whether they played on the LIV Tour or any other tour, who were deserving of an invitation to the Masters, we would exercise that discretion with regard to special invitations,” Ridley said.

The battle is for a green jacket, but that might not be the only competition.

It will be difficult to look at a leaderboard without considering who is with LIV Golf. That much hasn’t changed from last year – the first Masters since LIV was launched – and LIV certainly showed the 54-hole, no-cut league didn’t affect them. Three players were among the top four on the final leaderboard.

And just like last year, there is no animosity inside the ropes.

Phil Mickelson and Joaquin Niemann from LIV Golf played a practice round with Akshay Bhatia, the final player into the field because of his Texas Open victory last week. Xander Schauffele told of running into Dustin Johnson and the two decided to play a practice round, no different from what would have happened long before LIV began luring away players with guaranteed riches.

But the future remains murky.

Augusta National and the other three organizations that run majors have seats on the OWGR board that reviewed LIV’s application to join and get world ranking points. The vote was unanimous not to award points until certain enhancements were met.

LIV eventually decided to withdraw its application, and several players decried the world ranking as no longer relevant.

It is to Ridley and the Masters. The top 50 at the end of the year and a week before the Masters still get invitations. Bryson DeChambeau said the majors, including the Masters, should invite the top 12 from the LIV points list.

Ridley wasn’t buying that.

“I think it will be difficult to establish any type of point system that had any connection to the rest of the world of golf because they’re basically – not totally, but for the most part – a closed shop,” Ridley said. “There is some relegation, but not very much.

“But I don’t think that prevents us from giving subjective consideration based on talent, based on performance to those players.”

That’s what led Augusta National to offer an invitation to Niemann. The club did not cite anything he did on LIV – the Chilean has two LIV wins this year – but his willingness to travel outside LIV and win the Australian Open, along with a top finish in the Australian PGA.

Talor Gooch did not get an invitation. He won three LIV events last year and later suggested Rory McIlroy would have an asterisk next to his name if he won the Masters because all the best aren’t there.

Gooch is unlikely to be missed, not with Scottie Scheffler going for a second green jacket, with McIlroy chasing the career Grand Slam, Tiger Woods playing for only the second time this year and a host of others from all tours chasing one of golf’s most prized possessions.

And then the PGA Tour will head to Hilton Head and LIV Golf will make its way to Australia, and they all have to wait until the next major May 16-19 at the PGA Championship.

“There’s a lot of people a lot smarter than me that could figure this out in a much more efficient way,” Jon Rahm said. “But the obvious answer is that there’s got to be a way for certain players in whatever tour to be able to earn their way in. That’s the only thing can I say. I don’t know what that looks like. But there’s got to be a fair way for everybody to compete.”

MASTERS TEE TIMES

Thursday-Friday, all times are PT

5 a.m.-8:06 a.m. — Erik van Rooyen, Jake Knapp

5:12 a.m.-8:18 a.m. — Jose Maria Olazabal, Taylor Moore, a-Santiago De La Fuente

5:24 a.m.-8:30 a.m. — Danny Willett, Austin Eckroat, Stephan Jaeger

5:36 a.m.-8:42 a.m. — Charl Schwartzel, Luke List, a-Christo Lamprecht

5:48 a.m.-8:54 a.m. — Gary Woodland, Thorbjorn Olesen, Bryson DeChambeau

6 a.m.-9:12 a.m. — Zach Johnson, Corey Conners, a-Jasper Stubbs

6:12 a.m.-9:24 a.m. — Sergio Garcia, Chris Kirk, Ryan Fox

6:24 a.m.-9:36 a.m. — Lucas Glover, Byeong Hun An, Harris English

6:36 a.m.-9:48 a.m. — Phil Mickelson, Sepp Straka, Tony Finau

6:48 a.m.-10 a.m. — Nick Taylor, Joaquin Niemann, Russell Henley

7:06 a.m.-10:12 a.m. — Patrick Cantlay, Min Woo Lee, Rickie Fowler

7:18 a.m.-10:24 a.m. — Hideki Matsuyama, Will Zalatoris, Justin Thomas

7:30 a.m.-10:36 a.m. — Jon Rahm, Matt Fitzpatrick, Nick Dunlap

7:42 a.m.-10:48 a.m. — Scottie Scheffler, Rory McIlroy, Xander Schauffele

7:54 a.m.-11 a.m. — Wyndham Clark, Viktor Hovland, Cameron Smith

8:06 a.m.-5 a.m. — Lee Hodges, Adrian Meronk, Grayson Murray

8:18 a.m.-5:12 a.m. — Camilo Villegas, Denny McCarthy, Cameron Davis

8:30 a.m.-5:24 a.m. — Mike Weir, Ryo Hisatsune, a-Neal Shipley

8:42 a.m.-5:36 a.m. — Vijay Singh, Si Woo Kim, Emiliano Grillo

8:54 a.m.-5:48 a.m. — Fred Couples, Adam Hadwin, a-Stewart Hagestad

9:12 a.m.-6 a.m. — Justin Rose, Eric Cole, Peter Malnati

9:24 a.m.-6:12 a.m. — Akshay Bhatia, J.T. Poston, Shane Lowry

9:36 a.m.-6:24 a.m. — Bubba Watson, Nicolai Hojgaard, Adam Schenk

9:48 a.m.-6:36 a.m. — Patrick Reed, Sungjae Im, Kurt Kitayama

10 a.m.-6:48 a.m. — Keegan Bradley, Mattieu Pavon, Tyrrell Hatton

10:12 a.m.-7:06 a.m. — Adam Scott, Sam Burns, Cameron Young

10:24 a.m.-7:18 a.m. — Tiger Woods, Jason Day, Max Homa

10:36 a.m.-7:30 a.m. — Brian Harman, Brooks Koepka, Tom Kim

10:48 a.m.-7:42 a.m. — Jordan Spieth, Ludvig Aberg, Sahith Theegala

11 a.m.-7:54 a.m. — Dustin Johnson, Collin Morikawa, Tommy Fleetwood

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Les Jeux Olympiques de Paris 2024 – La Tour Eiffel - Monnaie de 10€ Argent

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A travers cette collection, la Monnaie de Paris réunit les symboles des Jeux et de la France et immortalise leur rencontre. 2024 sonne l'arrivée des Jeux Olympiques et Paralympiques en France. Il était évident pour la Monnaie de Paris de les mettre une nouvelle fois en avant au travers de leurs représentants : les mascottes. Ces petits bonnets phrygiens ludiques et sympathiques sont déjà familiers des Français et sont l'incarnation de l'esprit des Jeux. Cette année, les mascottes symbolisent les Jeux arrivant et se diffusant dans la France entière. Quel symbole plus fort pour représenter la France que le patrimoine naturel et architectural qui en fait la beauté ? Sur cette monnaie, la mascotte des Jeux Olympiques est assise sur un muret sur l'esplanade du Trocadéro. Derrière elle se détache la tour Eiffel. Celle-ci est entourée d'arbres et des ballons festifs qui s'envolent près d'elle. Sur le côté, des oiseaux jouent avec des cotillons près d'un lampadaire.

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Woman found alive 13 years later after going missing as a 14-year-old

AMARILLO, Texas ( KFDA /Gray News) - After 13 years, police say a missing woman has been found alive.

On October 20, 2010, 14-year-old Jessica Delgadillo was reported missing by her family.

The Amarillo Police Department responded and discovered she had not returned home from school.

After the department established the Cold Case Unit in 2023, investigators began looking into three cases and reached out to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children.

Two representatives from the organization were sent to Amarillo to help with the investigations.

The cases investigators were working on were Dorien Thomas, Brandy Noble and Jessica Delgadillo.

Investigators went through each case, updating information and sending out details on social media.

On November 2, 2023, the Amarillo Police Department Homicide Unit received a call from a woman saying she was Jessica Delgadillo and that she knew she had been reported missing.

DNA swabs were collected from the caller and sent to the University of North Texas for comparison to a known family member.

After months of waiting, DNA was confirmed that the woman was in fact Delgadillo.

She requested that her location and the details of her disappearance not be released.

Her cold case has since been closed.

Copyright 2024 KFDA via Gray Media Group, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Classic Grand Besançon et Tour du Jura 12 et 13 avril 2024 guide technique

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Hasbro in tour nei Toys Center con il “Gioco del mese”: il nuovo Piggy Piggy è in arrivo a Torino

Piazza Carlo Felice, 85

I giochi da tavolo, apprezzati da sempre per il loro valore educativo e sociale, hanno conosciuto negli ultimi anni una vera e propria rinascita, complice la riscoperta del piacere di stare insieme e di condividere esperienze ludiche in famiglia o con gli amici. La cultura del gioco prende piede e si diffonde in tutto lo Stivale, ma va alimentata per mantenere viva la passione e non smettere mai di divertirsi. Ed è per questo che, dal weekend del 13 e 14 aprile 2024, partirà il tour “Gioco del mese”: una serie di appuntamenti dal vivo - targati Hasbro e direttamente all’interno dei Toys Center - completamente dedicati al gioco in scatola, in compagnia dei maggiori esperti di gioco in circolazione pronti a dispensare regole e consigli utili per avere sempre la meglio.

Si parte sabato 13 aprile alle h 16:00 e si va avanti fino a novembre. A guidare la tappa di Torino, prevista sabato nel Toys Center di Piazza Carlo Felice, 85, ci sarà Giochi sul Nostro Tavolo, storica realtà che dal 2009 è il punto di riferimento per tutti gli amanti dei giochi da tavolo.

Il tour "Gioco del mese" sarà quindi l'occasione perfetta per i tantissimi appassionati di giochi in scatola sempre più alla ricerca di nuove persone con cui condividere quella fervida passione che unisce e allieta. Allo stesso modo, le famiglie potranno trascorrere del tempo di qualità insieme e scoprire le ultime novità dei giochi da tavolo. Per essere sempre aggiornati sulle tappe del tour che farà giocare tutti gli italiani e non perdersi proprio quella dedicata al gioco preferito bastano pochi click su giocodelmese.it!

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40 facts about elektrostal.

Written by Lanette Mayes

Modified & Updated: 02 Mar 2024

Reviewed by Jessica Corbett

Elektrostal is a vibrant city located in the Moscow Oblast region of Russia. With a rich history, stunning architecture, and a thriving community, Elektrostal is a city that has much to offer. Whether you are a history buff, nature enthusiast, or simply curious about different cultures, Elektrostal is sure to captivate you.

This article will provide you with 40 fascinating facts about Elektrostal, giving you a better understanding of why this city is worth exploring. From its origins as an industrial hub to its modern-day charm, we will delve into the various aspects that make Elektrostal a unique and must-visit destination.

So, join us as we uncover the hidden treasures of Elektrostal and discover what makes this city a true gem in the heart of Russia.

Key Takeaways:

• Elektrostal, known as the “Motor City of Russia,” is a vibrant and growing city with a rich industrial history, offering diverse cultural experiences and a strong commitment to environmental sustainability.
• With its convenient location near Moscow, Elektrostal provides a picturesque landscape, vibrant nightlife, and a range of recreational activities, making it an ideal destination for residents and visitors alike.

Known as the “Motor City of Russia.”

Elektrostal, a city located in the Moscow Oblast region of Russia, earned the nickname “Motor City” due to its significant involvement in the automotive industry.

Home to the Elektrostal Metallurgical Plant.

Elektrostal is renowned for its metallurgical plant, which has been producing high-quality steel and alloys since its establishment in 1916.

Boasts a rich industrial heritage.

Elektrostal has a long history of industrial development, contributing to the growth and progress of the region.

Founded in 1916.

The city of Elektrostal was founded in 1916 as a result of the construction of the Elektrostal Metallurgical Plant.

Located approximately 50 kilometers east of Moscow.

Elektrostal is situated in close proximity to the Russian capital, making it easily accessible for both residents and visitors.

Known for its vibrant cultural scene.

Elektrostal is home to several cultural institutions, including museums, theaters, and art galleries that showcase the city’s rich artistic heritage.

A popular destination for nature lovers.

Surrounded by picturesque landscapes and forests, Elektrostal offers ample opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, and birdwatching.

Hosts the annual Elektrostal City Day celebrations.

Every year, Elektrostal organizes festive events and activities to celebrate its founding, bringing together residents and visitors in a spirit of unity and joy.

Has a population of approximately 160,000 people.

Elektrostal is home to a diverse and vibrant community of around 160,000 residents, contributing to its dynamic atmosphere.

Boasts excellent education facilities.

The city is known for its well-established educational institutions, providing quality education to students of all ages.

A center for scientific research and innovation.

Elektrostal serves as an important hub for scientific research, particularly in the fields of metallurgy, materials science, and engineering.

Surrounded by picturesque lakes.

The city is blessed with numerous beautiful lakes, offering scenic views and recreational opportunities for locals and visitors alike.

Well-connected transportation system.

Elektrostal benefits from an efficient transportation network, including highways, railways, and public transportation options, ensuring convenient travel within and beyond the city.

Famous for its traditional Russian cuisine.

Food enthusiasts can indulge in authentic Russian dishes at numerous restaurants and cafes scattered throughout Elektrostal.

Home to notable architectural landmarks.

Elektrostal boasts impressive architecture, including the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord and the Elektrostal Palace of Culture.

Offers a wide range of recreational facilities.

Residents and visitors can enjoy various recreational activities, such as sports complexes, swimming pools, and fitness centers, enhancing the overall quality of life.

Provides a high standard of healthcare.

Elektrostal is equipped with modern medical facilities, ensuring residents have access to quality healthcare services.

Home to the Elektrostal History Museum.

The Elektrostal History Museum showcases the city’s fascinating past through exhibitions and displays.

A hub for sports enthusiasts.

Elektrostal is passionate about sports, with numerous stadiums, arenas, and sports clubs offering opportunities for athletes and spectators.

Celebrates diverse cultural festivals.

Throughout the year, Elektrostal hosts a variety of cultural festivals, celebrating different ethnicities, traditions, and art forms.

Electric power played a significant role in its early development.

Elektrostal owes its name and initial growth to the establishment of electric power stations and the utilization of electricity in the industrial sector.

Boasts a thriving economy.

The city’s strong industrial base, coupled with its strategic location near Moscow, has contributed to Elektrostal’s prosperous economic status.

Houses the Elektrostal Drama Theater.

The Elektrostal Drama Theater is a cultural centerpiece, attracting theater enthusiasts from far and wide.

Popular destination for winter sports.

Elektrostal’s proximity to ski resorts and winter sport facilities makes it a favorite destination for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter activities.

Promotes environmental sustainability.

Elektrostal prioritizes environmental protection and sustainability, implementing initiatives to reduce pollution and preserve natural resources.

Home to renowned educational institutions.

Elektrostal is known for its prestigious schools and universities, offering a wide range of academic programs to students.

Committed to cultural preservation.

The city values its cultural heritage and takes active steps to preserve and promote traditional customs, crafts, and arts.

Hosts an annual International Film Festival.

The Elektrostal International Film Festival attracts filmmakers and cinema enthusiasts from around the world, showcasing a diverse range of films.

Encourages entrepreneurship and innovation.

Elektrostal supports aspiring entrepreneurs and fosters a culture of innovation, providing opportunities for startups and business development.

Offers a range of housing options.

Elektrostal provides diverse housing options, including apartments, houses, and residential complexes, catering to different lifestyles and budgets.

Home to notable sports teams.

Elektrostal is proud of its sports legacy, with several successful sports teams competing at regional and national levels.

Boasts a vibrant nightlife scene.

Residents and visitors can enjoy a lively nightlife in Elektrostal, with numerous bars, clubs, and entertainment venues.

Promotes cultural exchange and international relations.

Elektrostal actively engages in international partnerships, cultural exchanges, and diplomatic collaborations to foster global connections.

Surrounded by beautiful nature reserves.

Nearby nature reserves, such as the Barybino Forest and Luchinskoye Lake, offer opportunities for nature enthusiasts to explore and appreciate the region’s biodiversity.

Commemorates historical events.

The city pays tribute to significant historical events through memorials, monuments, and exhibitions, ensuring the preservation of collective memory.

Promotes sports and youth development.

Elektrostal invests in sports infrastructure and programs to encourage youth participation, health, and physical fitness.

Hosts annual cultural and artistic festivals.

Throughout the year, Elektrostal celebrates its cultural diversity through festivals dedicated to music, dance, art, and theater.

Provides a picturesque landscape for photography enthusiasts.

The city’s scenic beauty, architectural landmarks, and natural surroundings make it a paradise for photographers.

Connects to Moscow via a direct train line.

The convenient train connection between Elektrostal and Moscow makes commuting between the two cities effortless.

A city with a bright future.

Elektrostal continues to grow and develop, aiming to become a model city in terms of infrastructure, sustainability, and quality of life for its residents.

In conclusion, Elektrostal is a fascinating city with a rich history and a vibrant present. From its origins as a center of steel production to its modern-day status as a hub for education and industry, Elektrostal has plenty to offer both residents and visitors. With its beautiful parks, cultural attractions, and proximity to Moscow, there is no shortage of things to see and do in this dynamic city. Whether you’re interested in exploring its historical landmarks, enjoying outdoor activities, or immersing yourself in the local culture, Elektrostal has something for everyone. So, next time you find yourself in the Moscow region, don’t miss the opportunity to discover the hidden gems of Elektrostal.

Q: What is the population of Elektrostal?

A: As of the latest data, the population of Elektrostal is approximately XXXX.

Q: How far is Elektrostal from Moscow?

A: Elektrostal is located approximately XX kilometers away from Moscow.

Q: Are there any famous landmarks in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal is home to several notable landmarks, including XXXX and XXXX.

Q: What industries are prominent in Elektrostal?

A: Elektrostal is known for its steel production industry and is also a center for engineering and manufacturing.

Q: Are there any universities or educational institutions in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal is home to XXXX University and several other educational institutions.

Q: What are some popular outdoor activities in Elektrostal?

A: Elektrostal offers several outdoor activities, such as hiking, cycling, and picnicking in its beautiful parks.

Q: Is Elektrostal well-connected in terms of transportation?

A: Yes, Elektrostal has good transportation links, including trains and buses, making it easily accessible from nearby cities.

Q: Are there any annual events or festivals in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal hosts various events and festivals throughout the year, including XXXX and XXXX.

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