16 tours vinyle

Les disques 16 T

Les disques tournant à 16 tours/minute n'ont pas connu un grand succès commercial. Ils étaient surtout destinés à servir de support à des textes parlés. Ces disques microsillons tournent exactement à 16 tours 2/3, soit la moitié de 33 tours 1/3. Ils sont apparus en 1957 et existent dans différents diamètres : 17 cm pour l'apprentissage des langues (utilisation scolaire), 25 cm pour quelques éditions commerciales (en France, les marques Vogue et Ducretet-Thomson en ont édité), 30 cm pour de longues œuvres littéraires ou des pièces de théâtre à destination des aveugles et des malvoyants.

Dans ce domaine, en France, l'Union des Aveugles de Guerre a sorti de nombreux coffrets (de 6 à 10 disques) comprenant jusqu'à 1 heure d'enregistrement par face. Aux USA, de 1956 à 1958, la firme Columbia a pressé des disques 16 tours (diamètre 17 cm) pour son tourne-disques automobile "Highway Hi-Fi phonograph". Ces disques avaient une durée de 40 à 45 minutes par face mais devaient être lus exclusivement sur le tourne-disque de voiture, le sillon, étant 2 fois plus étroit, nécessitait une tête de lecture spécifique.

La plupart des constructeurs d'électrophones avaient prévu cette vitesse 16 tours sur leurs appareils, mais devant la très faible production commerciale de ces disques, cette option a disparu en quelques années.

• Qui sommes-nous ?
• Le blog : actus et évènements
• Nos conseils et astuces
• Vidéos montage et entretien
• Réglages produits
• Reprise de votre matériel
• Reprise cellules Ortofon
• Reprise cellules Hana
• Reprise cellules Rega
• Reprise cellules Dynavector
• Reprise cellules Sumiko

Nos produits

• NOUVEAUTÉS
• Nouveautés
• Platines vinyles manuelles
• Platines vinyles semi-automatiques
• Platines vinyles automatiques
• Platines vinyles à entrainement direct
• Platines vinyles "tout-en-un"
• Platines vinyles USB / Digitales / Bluetooth / Phono
• Packs prêts à l'écoute
• Platines vinyles manuelles Clearaudio
• Platines vinyles manuelles MoFi
• Platines vinyles manuelles Pro-Ject
• Platines vinyles manuelles Rega
• Platines vinyles manuelles Technics
• Platines vinyles manuelles Thorens
• Préamplificateurs phono
• USB / Digital / Bluetooth
• MC Step-up et pré-pré phono
• Régulateurs de vitesse
• Alimentations
• Préamplis phono Lehmann Audio
• Préamplis phono Musical Fidelity
• Préamplis phono Pro-Ject
• Cellules MM
• Cellules P-Mount T4P
• Cellules MC bas niveau
• Cellules MC haut niveau
• Cellules Mono et 78t
• Cellules et stylus DJ
• Porte-cellules
• Stylus – Diamants
• Cellules MM Audio Technica
• Cellules MM Clearaudio
• Cellules MM Grado
• Cellules MC Ortofon

• Courroies et entrainement
• Entretien cellules et diamants
• Kits d'évolution et moteurs
• Capots et charnières
• Couvre-plateaux et plateaux
• Palets presseurs
• Bras et accessoires
• Outils de réglages et huiles
• Supports muraux pour platines vinyles
• Cônes, pieds et découplages
• Vinyles audiophiles Pop, rock, country, metal,…
• Vinyles audiophiles Jazz
• Vinyles audiophiles Classique
• Vinyles audiophiles Soul, Hip-hop
• Vinyles Pop, rock, country, metal,…
• Vinyles Jazz
• Vinyles Classique
• Vinyles Soul, Hip-hop
• Vinyles MOFI
• Machines à laver les disques vinyles
• Accessoires pour machines à laver les vinyles
• Brosses et produits d’entretien pour vinyles
• Pochettes et rangements pour disques vinyles
• Packs d’accessoires d’entretien vinyles
• Centreurs 45T
• Machines à laver Audio Desk System
• Machines à laver Clearaudio
• Machines à laver Degritter
• Machines à laver Okki Nokki
• Machines à laver Pro-Ject

• Câbles phono
• Câbles de bras et connecteurs
• Câbles de modulation RCA
• Câbles de modulation XLR
• Câbles numériques coaxiaux, RCA, BNC, XLR
• Câbles numériques optiques, USB / RJ45
• Câbles enceintes, fiches bananes et fourches
• Câbles d’alimentation
• Prises, filtres secteur et multiprises
• Autres câbles
• Câbles audio Transparent
• Câbles audio Audioquest
• Câbles audio Viard Audio

• Enceintes Hi-Fi
• Enceintes actives
• Enceintes sans fil
• Caissons de grave
• Autres enceintes
• Pieds d’enceintes
• Pack Ampli, enceintes
• Enceintes Hi-Fi B&W
• Enceintes Hi-Fi Davis Acoustics
• Enceintes Hi-Fi Pro-Ject
• Enceintes Hi-Fi Sonus Faber
• Casques Hi-Fi
• Amplificateurs casque
• Accessoires casques HiFi
• Casques Focal
• Casques Grado

• Amplificateurs intégrés
• Amplificateurs de puissance
• Préamplificateurs
• Amplificateurs « Tout en un »
• Amplificateurs Cambridge Audio
• Amplificateurs Denon
• Amplificateurs Marantz
• Amplificateurs McIntosh
• Amplificateurs Musical Fidelity
• Tubes Audio
• Cartes optionnelles
• Meubles HIFI
• Accessoires HIFI

• Lecteurs CD / Transport CD
• Lecteurs réseaux
• Récepteurs Bluetooth
• Tuner / Radio
• Lecteurs CD Rega
• Lecteurs réseaux Bluesound
• Lecteurs réseaux Octavio

• Meubles Hi-Fi
• Accessoires Hi-Fi
• Tubes audio
• Meubles HIFI Norstone
• Support mural Rega

• Les occasions maPlatine.com
• Les fins de série
• Les promotions
• Packs amplis & enceintes

L'équipe maPlatine.com

Les services

Reprises de cellules

Nos platines sont testées et réglées avant envoi

Le spécialiste de la platine vinyle

Lundi au vendredi 9h - 17h

Appel en dehors de la France métropolitaine : +33 (0) 299 654 163

Uniquement sur rendez-vous

Contactez-nous

Se connecter

Mot de passe oublié ?

Inscription

Aucun produit

(hors part. frais expé.)

Produit ajouté au panier avec succès

Attention vous avez commandé plus de quantités que ce qu'il y a en stock ( en stock). Vous pouvez changer ces quantités si vous le souhaitez dans le panier d'achat.

L'historique du vinyle

L’ancêtre du disque vinyle est le 78 tours. Celui-ci apparaît au début du 20e siècle. Il s’agit d’un disque mono sillon de 25 ou 30 cm de diamètre, avec en général un morceau par face. Selon sa taille, il peut contenir entre 3 et 5 minutes d’enregistrement. En réalité, il n’était que très rarement enregistré à 78 tours par minute, mais plutôt à des vitesses allant de 66 à 103 tours par minute, qui permettaient d’allonger la durée d’enregistrement, au détriment toutefois de la bande passante. Initialement, il était fabriqué en SHELLAC (une résine d’origine animale secrétée par un insecte), cire, coton et ardoise. Mais la pénurie de résine lors de la deuxième guerre mondiale a forcé les fabricants à utiliser du vinyle (polychlorure de vinyle, ou PVC). Le 78 tours commence à disparaître avec l’apparition du microsillon dans les années 50.

L’arrivée des premières platines « modernes » coïncide avec l’invention du microsillon aux États-Unis, en 1946, par la firme Columbia. Les premiers disques microsillons sont commercialisés en 1948. Ils contenaient des œuvres classiques de Mendelssohn et de Tchaïkovski. Leur supériorité acoustique et technique sur le 78 tours s’impose immédiatement comme un argument commercial. Le vinyle ayant un grain beaucoup plus fin (environ 50 angströms = 5*10-3 μm), il permet de graver des sillons plus étroits et rapprochés. L’utilisation de cette matière synthétique thermoplastique à la place de la cire a considérablement amélioré la qualité de reproduction sonore : réduction du bruit de fond, augmentation de la bande passante, de la dynamique et de la durée d’enregistrement, qui passe de moins de 5 minutes à 30 minutes sur un 33 tours.

Il existe différents formats et plusieurs vitesses de lecture.

Les disques tournant à 33 tours 1/3 par minute ont généralement un diamètre de 30 cm (12 pouces) ou, plus rarement, de 25 cm (10 pouces) à la fin des années 50 et au début des années 60 (Elvis Presley, Serge Gainsbourg…) et plus récemment pour certaines rééditions et éditions limitées. Mais on trouve aussi des 17 cm (7 pouces) tournant à cette vitesse. Le disque 33 tours standard est appelé LP pour « Long Play » et a généralement une durée de 20 à 30 minutes par face.

Les disques tournant à 45 tours par minute ont habituellement un diamètre de 17 cm (7 pouces) et contiennent une chanson, voire deux, par face. Ce sont les ancêtres des CD deux titres, eux aussi appelés SINGLE . Il existe également des 45 tours (7 pouces) de 4 titres, appelés EP pour « Extended Play » , plus longs qu'un single mais plus courts qu'un album. Ces 7 pouces tournent généralement à 45 tours par minute, plus rarement à 33 tours par minute. Beaucoup ont servi à la production de rock ’n’ roll et d’œuvres classiques. La fabrication des 45 tours a été dictée par une décision purement commerciale : créer un disque microsillon de 7 pouces de diamètre permettant d’enregistrer un seul morceau de musique par face et pouvant durer jusqu’à 5 minutes et 30 secondes. Avec ce cahier des charges, il ne restait qu’à adapter la vitesse de rotation afin d’exploiter toute la place disponible sur le disque. Malgré tout, certains prétendent que la vitesse de 45 tours/minute a été choisie pour une simple raison mathématique, puisque 45 = 78 – 33…

Beaucoup de maxi 45 tours de 30 cm de diamètre ont été édités, principalement à la fin des années 1970. Le maxi single ou super 45 tours s’est généralisé essentiellement pour contenir des morceaux plus longs : plus de 20 minutes ! Ils furent plébiscités par les disc-jockeys et certaines radios libres qui trouvaient leur manipulation plus aisée et leur qualité de son supérieure aux 45 tours et 33 tours. Très souvent, ces disques incluent des versions inédites, des remix ne figurant pas sur les albums officiels. On les nomme « bonus tracks » ou « B-sides » sur les rééditions en CD.

Les disques tournant à 16 tours par minute n’ont pas connu un grand succès commercial. Ils étaient surtout destinés à servir de support à des textes parlés. Ils tournent exactement à 16 tours 2/3 par minute, soit la moitié de 33 tours 1/3. Les premiers sont apparus en 1957 dans différents diamètres : 17 cm pour l’apprentissage des langues (utilisation pédagogique), 25 cm pour quelques éditions commerciales (en France, les marques Vogue et Ducretet-Thomson en ont édités), 30 cm pour de longues œuvres littéraires ou des pièces de théâtre à destination des aveugles et des malvoyants. Dans ce domaine, en France, l’Union des Aveugles de Guerre a édité de nombreux coffrets (de 6, 8 et 10 disques) comprenant jusqu’à 1 heure d’enregistrement par face. Ces disques en coffret ont pour particularité de présenter une étiquette centrale imprimée sur une face et, sur l’autre face, une étiquette noire avec le titre de l’œuvre écrite en braille.

Aux États-Unis toujours, de 1956 à 1958, les firmes RCA et Columbia ont pressé des disques 16 tours. Cette dernière particulièrement pour son tourne-disque automobile « Highway Hi-Fi phonograph » . Chrysler en équipait certaines de ses voitures. Ces disques avaient une durée de 40 à 45 minutes par face et étaient exclusivement prévus pour être lus sur le tourne-disque de voiture, car le sillon, qui était deux fois plus étroit que sur un LP, nécessitait une tête de lecture équipée d’un saphir spécifique. La plupart des constructeurs d’ électrophones et de platines tourne-disque avaient prévu une vitesse 16 tours sur leurs appareils, mais devant la production commerciale intimiste de ces disques, cette option a rapidement disparu. En matière de reproduction sonore analogique, plus le support tourne (ou défile) vite, meilleure est la qualité, notamment dans les fréquences élevées (aigus). C’est pour cette raison que les 16 tours ont eu beaucoup de mal à convaincre les audiophiles avertis.

Certains vinyles ont même une face en 45 tours et l’autre en 33 tours, certaines raretés tournent du centre vers la périphérie du disque, certains disques sont colorés, d’autres translucides. Ceux que l’on nomme les « Picture discs » sont affublés d’un dessin ou d’une photo sur leurs faces, d’autres sont découpés en forme de fleur ou d’étoile, d’autres encore ont une face gravée et l’autre vierge ou pyrogravée… En réalité toutes les fantaisies sont possibles, et toutes ont été réalisées !!!

Vous déconnecter

En vous déconnectant, le contenu de votre panier sera masqué.

Vous retrouverez tous vos produits en vous connectant à nouveau.

• 1. 1898, la bande magnétique.
• 2. 1946, le disque vinyle 33 tours.
• 3. 1947, les disques vinyles 45 tours.

4. 1957, les disques vinyles 16 tours.

• 5. 1963, la cassette audio
• 6. 1970, les pictures-disc

Disques vinyles 16 tours. Source : toutelaculture.com

Enfin, un dernier disque microsillon est créé 1957 : le disque microsillon 16 tours. Très peu connu et vendu, il était surtout utilisé comme support pour des textes parlés. Aux Etats-Unis, il avait une toute autre utilisation : écouter de la musique en voiture, lu avec des tourne disque de voiture. Il faisait 17 cm de diamètre et tournait à 16 tours par minute.

C’est le disque vinyle le moins connu en France. Celui-ci a été très peu vendu aux Etats-Unis et encore moins en Europe.  Néanmoins, celui-ci fut le premier disque à aspect éducatif, permettant l’apprentissage des langues dans les lycées ou les universités. Ils sont aujourd’hui difficiles à’ trouver sur le marchés de l’occasion, et n’ont pas vraiment suscité l’engouement des collectionneurs. C’est la fin de l’évolution du disque vinyle.

Partager :

Laisser un commentaire annuler la réponse..

• Rechercher :

Articles récents

• Introduction.

Commentaires récents

• janvier 2011
• Uncategorized
• Inscription
• Flux des publications
• Flux des commentaires
• WordPress.com

• Vous disposez déjà dʼun compte WordPress ? Connectez-vous maintenant.
• Personnaliser
• Souscrire Abonné
• Copier shortlink
• Signaler ce contenu
• Voir l’article dans le Lecteur
• Gérer les abonnements
• Réduire cette barre

• FanNation FanNation FanNation
• Swimsuit SI Swimsuit SI Swimsuit
• Sportsbook SI Sportsbook SI Sportsbook
• Tickets SI Tickets SI Tickets
• Shop SI Shop SI Shop
• What's on TV

© Mike Frey-USA TODAY Sports

Teen Tennis Pro Had Perfect Reaction to Learning He’ll Face Rafael Nadal

• Author: Madison Williams

Rafael Nadal is scheduled to play against 16-year-old American Darwin Blanch in the first round of the Madrid Open on Tuesday, and Blanch had the most teenager response to this news.

Blanch, who's ranked No. 1,028 in the world, reacted to facing the 22-time Grand Slam winner by posting a Snapchat photo to his friends with the caption "Guys I play nadal wtf." He looked beyond shocked with his hand covering his mouth in the picture.

It's important to note that Blanch and Nadal are 21 years apart in age. Nadal had already won three Grand Slam titles by the time Blanch was born in 2007.

16 year old Darwin Blanch had a hilarious reaction when he realized he plays Rafa Nadal in the first round of Madrid “Guys I play Nadal wtf” 😂 21 year age difference. This is only his 2nd tour level match. pic.twitter.com/JWVMvsw9eN — The Tennis Letter (@TheTennisLetter) April 22, 2024

Tuesday's match will mark Blanch's second ATP level match in his young career. He lost in the first round at the Miami Open in March.

Nadal will be playing in just his third tournament of the season after he has been dealing with hip and abdominal injuries since the beginning of 2023. This tennis season could "probably" be his last , the 37-year-old previously hinted at, since he's been dealing with various injuries.

It will be a tough match for Blanch for many reasons, with one being that Nadal is known as the "King of Clay." He's won a record 14 French Open titles, with the Madrid Open being one of the bigger tournaments leading up to the major tournament.

Latest News

Mailbag: Carlos Alcaraz and Iga Świątek Dazzle in the Desert

USTA CEO Lew Sherr Details Plans for Tennis’s Premier Tour

Report: Sabalenka Plans to Play in Miami Open Despite Boyfriend’s Death

Novak Djokovic Announces Withdrawal from Miami Open

Indian Wells Tennis Quarterfinal Suspended Due to Bee Invasion

Watch CBS News

Taylor Swift shocker: New album, "The Tortured Poets Department," is actually a double album

By Alex Sundby , Brian Dakss

Updated on: April 19, 2024 / 10:28 PM EDT / CBS News

Anticipation was growing at a fever pitch before Taylor Swift's latest album, " The Tortured Poets Department ," dropped at midnight EDT. But the pop superstar had a huge surprise on tap: It's actually a double album.

When Part One dropped, Swift wrote on Instagram , "All's fair in love and poetry... New album THE TORTURED POETS DEPARTMENT. Out now 🤍"

Then came the shocker, revealed in an Instagram post saying , "It's a 2am surprise: The Tortured Poets Department is a secret DOUBLE album. ✌️ I'd written so much tortured poetry in the past 2 years and wanted to share it all with you, so here's the second installment of TTPD: The Anthology. 15 extra songs. And now the story isn't mine anymore… it's all yours. 🤍."

What's Taylor Swift's new album about?

Swift described the album as "new works that reflect events, opinions and sentiments from a fleeting and fatalistic moment in time — one that was both sensational and sorrowful in equal measure."

She also said that time has been "closed and boarded up. There is nothing to avenge, no scores to settle once wounds have healed. And upon further reflection, a good number of them turned out to be self-inflicted."

"Entertainment Tonight" correspondent Denny Directo called the record some of her most vulnerable work.

"Fans were left with more questions than there were answers, so good luck trying to decipher who these songs are about, what they mean," Directo told CBS News. "… I feel like there's more heartbreak songs on this than there are love songs."

Hours ahead of the record's release, Swift said on social media that its first single was "Fortnight," featuring Post Malone, and its music video was released Friday night .

Swift praised the Grammy-nominated artist's musical experimentation and melodies "that just stick in your head forever."

"I got to witness that magic come to life firsthand when we worked together on Fortnight," Swift said in her post .

"Fortnight" isn't the only track on the album on which Swift worked with another artist. Florence and The Machine is also featured.

What's on "The Tortured Poets Department" tracklist?

Swift posted an initial tracklist to social media in February one day after she announced the album at  the Grammys , where she won for best pop vocal album. Here's the list of all 31 songs:

• "Fortnight"
• "The Tortured Poets Department"
• "My Boy Only Breaks His Favorite Toys"
• "So Long, London"
• "But Daddy I Love Him"
• "Fresh Out the Slammer"
• "Florida!!!"
• "Guilty as Sin?"
• "Who's Afraid of Little Old Me?"
• "I Can Fix Him (No Really I Can)"
• "I Can Do It With a Broken Heart"
• "The Smallest Man Who Ever Lived"
• "The Alchemy"
• "Clara Bow"
• "The Black Dog"
• "imgonnagetyouback"
• "The Albatross"
• "Chloe or Sam or Sophia or Marcus"
• "How Did It End?"
• "So High School"
• "I Hate It Here"
• "thanK you aIMee"
• "I Look in People's Windows"
• "The Prophecy"
• "Cassandra"
• "The Bolter"
• "The Manuscript"

What are Taylor Swift's concert dates for The Eras Tour?

Swift resumes her wildly successful Eras Tour next month in Europe with shows scheduled for Austria, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the U.K. until August. In the fall, the tour returns to North America with performances in Indianapolis, Miami, New Orleans, Toronto and Vancouver, British Columbia.

Here are the dates for upcoming shows:

• May 9 Paris
• May 10 Paris
• May 11 Paris
• May 12 Paris
• May 17 Stockholm
• May 18 Stockholm
• May 19 Stockholm
• May 24 Lisbon, Portugal
• May 25 Lisbon, Portugal
• May 29 Madrid
• May 30 Madrid
• June 2 Lyon, France
• June 3 Lyon, France
• June 7 Edinburgh, Scotland
• June 8 Edinburgh, Scotland
• June 9 Edinburgh, Scotland
• June 13 Liverpool, England
• June 14 Liverpool, England
• June 15 Liverpool, England
• June 18 Cardiff, Wales
• June 21 London
• June 22 London
• June 23 London
• June 28 Dublin
• June 29 Dublin
• June 30 Dublin
• July 4 Amsterdam
• July 5 Amsterdam
• July 6 Amsterdam
• July 9 Zurich
• July 10 Zurich
• July 13 Milan
• July 14 Milan
• July 17 Gelsenkirchen, Germany
• July 18 Gelsenkirchen, Germany
• July 19 Gelsenkirchen, Germany
• July 23 Hamburg, Germany
• July 24 Hamburg, Germany
• July 27 Munich
• July 28 Munich
• Aug. 1 Warsaw, Poland
• Aug. 2 Warsaw, Poland
• Aug. 3 Warsaw, Poland
• Aug. 8 Vienna
• Aug. 9 Vienna
• Aug. 10 Vienna
• Aug. 15 London
• Aug. 16 London
• Aug. 17 London
• Aug. 19 London
• Aug. 20 London
• Oct. 18 Miami
• Oct. 19 Miami
• Oct. 20 Miami
• Oct. 25 New Orleans
• Oct. 26 New Orleans
• Oct. 27 New Orleans
• Nov. 1 Indianapolis
• Nov. 2 Indianapolis
• Nov. 3 Indianapolis
• Nov. 14 Toronto
• Nov. 15 Toronto
• Nov. 16 Toronto
• Nov. 21 Toronto
• Nov. 22 Toronto
• Nov. 23 Toronto
• Dec. 6 Vancouver, British Columbia
• Dec. 7 Vancouver, British Columbia
• Dec. 8 Vancouver, British Columbia
• Taylor Swift

Alex Sundby is a senior editor at CBSNews.com. In addition to editing content, Alex also covers breaking news, writing about crime and severe weather as well as everything from multistate lottery jackpots to the July Fourth hot dog eating contest.

More from CBS News

Heat face Celtics in first round after epic conference finals duel last season

Messi scores twice, Inter Miami beats Nashville SC 3-1

High-heeled female impersonators stage Key West 'Drag Race'

Panthers open playoffs with smart win over Lightning, CBS News Miami's Steve Goldstein

Celine Dion Talks Grammy Moment with Taylor Swift for First Time

Zendaya Reacts to Getting So Many Questions About Kissing Her Co-Stars

Hayley Atwell Spotted with Fiance Ned Wolfgang Kelly While On Vacation in Venice!

NBC's One Chicago Franchise Cast Dating Histories: Spouses, Girlfriends, Boyfriends, & Exes Revealed!

'RuPaul's Drag Race' Season 16's Sapphira Cristál Announces 'The Cristal Ball Tour' - Cities, Dates & Ticket Info Revealed!

Sapphira Cristál is hitting the road!

The RuPaul’s Drag Race Season 16 finalist and Miss Congeniality winner will be heading out on the road, she just announced on Monday (April 22).

The Philadelphia-based drag superstar announced The Cristál Ball Tour , set to reach audiences around North America this summer.

The show kicks off on July 11 in Vancouver, with stops in New York City, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Seattle, Chicago, Philadelphia and more, and promises to bring Sapphira ’s “limitless creativity and personal story to life with hilarious anecdotes, audience immersion and a mystical charm that only she could conjure.”

Keep reading to find out more…

“ The Cristál Ball Tour is a magical musical comedy extravaganza!”, said Sapphira in a statement. “It’s a funny, interactive, audience-driven show about my life, complete with songs off my upcoming album and humorous anecdotes of things I’ve experienced. I sing, perform, dance, and give you a guided glimpse into the crystal ball that is Sapphira Cristál !”

Sapphira Cristál also teased her forthcoming debut album with a hint of lead single “Enough.”

Click here for all the ticket info, and see the dates inside!

The Cristál Ball Tour

Thursday, July 11 – Vancouver, BC – Hollywood Theatre Friday, July 12 – Seattle, WA – The Neptune Saturday, July 13 – Portland, OR – The Aladdin Wednesday, July 17 – San Francisco, CA – Bimbos Friday, July 19 – Los Angeles, CA – The Regent Tuesday, July 23 – San Diego, CA – House of Blues Wednesday, July 24 – Phoenix, AZ – Crescent Ballroom Friday, July 26 – Salt Lake City, UT – Soundwell Saturday, July 27 – Fort Collins, CO – The Aggie Sunday, July 28 – Denver, CO – Gothic Theatre Thursday, August 1 – Houston, TX – House of Blues Friday, August 2 – Dallas, TX – House of Blues Saturday, August 3 – Oklahoma City, OK – Tower Theatre Thursday, August 8 – Kansas City, MO – Madrid Theatr Friday, August 9 – Des Moines, IA – Wooly’s Saturday, August 10 – Minneapolis, MN – The Lyric at Skyway Theatre Sunday, August 11 – Milwaukee, WI – Turner Hall Ballroom Thursday, August 15 – Chicago, IL – House of Blues Friday, August 16 – Detroit, MI – Magic Stick Saturday, August 17 – Toronto, ON – Phoenix Concert Hall Sunday, August 18 – Montreal, QC – Le National Thursday, August 22 – Hamden, CT – Space Ballroom Saturday, August 24 – New York, NY – Gramercy Theatre Sunday, August 25 – Washington, DC – The Howard Thursday, August 29 – Philadelphia, PA – TLA

View this post on Instagram A post shared by Sapphira Cristál (@sapphiracristal)

JJ: Latest Posts

• Anna Gunn Reveals How Peoples' Opinion...
• Johnathon Schaech Goes Shirtless,...
• Hayley Atwell Spotted with Fiance Ned...
• Zendaya Reacts to Getting So Many...
• Mckenna Grace to Star in Teen Romance...
• Celine Dion Talks Grammy Moment with...
• Anne Hathaway Talks 'Gross' Audition...
• Francia Raisa Explains What Donating...
• 'That '90s Show' Cast Updates: 10...
• Zendaya Wears Her 'I Told Ya' Shirt...
• 'American Idol' Top 10 Contestants...
• Ryan Seacrest Dating History - Full...
• 'All American' Gets Expanded Season 6,...
• Ariana Madix Doesn't Know Yet If...

Just Jared Jr.

• Iain Armitage Reflects On First Day of...
• Ariana Greenblatt Joins the Cast of...
• Kit Connor to Make Broadway Debut in...
• Meg Donnelly Talks 'Zombies' Future,...
• Sabrina Carpenter Reveals Why...
• Ariana Greenblatt Honored With Rising...
• 'Zombies 4' Star Freya Skye Debuts...
• © 2005-2024 Just Jared, Inc. ||
• Accessibility
• Privacy Policy
• Manage Cookies
• Return to Mobile

Comprendre les formats des vinyles - guide pratique pour les débutants

33 tours, 45 tours, ep, 12 pouces, lp, single ....

Vous faites vos débuts dans l'univers du vinyle et vous éprouvez des difficultés à comprendre à quoi ces dénominations font référence. Cet article est pour vous.

Formats les plus fréquents :

Vinyle 33 tours (33rpm) = 12 pouces (inch) = album = LP = diamètre 30 cm

Vinyle 45 tours (45rpm) = 7 pouces (inch) = SP = diamètre 17,8 cm

Globalement :

Dans une pochette de 30 cm, vous trouverez :.

le plus souvent un album 33 tours ou LP, avec des faces durant 20 à 30 minutes chacune.

parfois un maxi 45 tours ou maxi single ou EP avec un titre sur chaque face d’une durée de 10 à 12 minutes.

Dans une pochette de 17 -18 centimètres, vous trouverez un 45 tours :

le plus souvent un SP ou Single avec un titre par face.

plus rarement un Super 45 tours ou EP avec 2 titres par face.

Plus en détails

Plusieurs lexiques se superposent et brouillent les pistes.

Les appellations en pouces indiquent les dimensions :

• 7 pouces désigne un vinyle au diamètre de 17,78 centimètres.
• 10 pouces désigne un vinyle au diamètre de 25,4 centimètres.
• 12 pouces désigne un vinyle au diamètre de 30,48 centimètres.

Les appellations en tours indiquent la vitesse de rotation :

33 tours ou 33 rpm* :.

*tours = rpm en anglais = revolution per minute

Quelques spécificités des 33 tours :

• Les gatefold albums sont des albums dont la pochette s’ouvre en deux comme un livre. Il existe aussi des doubles, des triples albums et des coffrets.

Quelques exceptions

45 tours ou 45 rpm* :.

• S’ils sont de petite taille 7 pouces ou 17,8 cm, ils présentent un gros trou au milieu car ils ont été initialement créés pour les Juke-Box. La plage d’écoute est d’environ 5 à 6 minutes. On distingue :

Le single ou SP « Single Play » car il contient un titre par face, en format  7 pouces - 17,8 cm.

Le Super 45 tours avec 2 titres par face soit 4 ou 5 titres au total, en format 7 pouces - 17,8 cm est un vinyle moins fréquent de nos jours.

Le Maxi-45 tours , Maxi ou Maxi-Single est un grand format 12 pouces - 30 centimètres. Sa durée d’écoute est de 10 à 12 minutes. L'enregistrement comporte en général un titre par face. Les Maxi-45 tours étaient à l’origine dédiés aux DJs.

SP, EP, LP, sont des dénominations anglophones combinant durée d’écoute et nombre de titres.

• SP = Single Play : un titre par face en format 45 tours ou 7 pouces.
• EP = Extended Play : un maxi 45 tours ou un super 45 tours  (7 pouces).
• LP = Long Play : album 33 tours ou 12 pouces.

Autre format, autre technologie, le 78 tours

Les 78 tours , plus anciens ne font pas partie de la même catégorie que les 33 tours et les 45 tours . Ils relèvent de la technologie du sillon standard alors que les 33 et 45 tours font partie de la famille des microsillons . Les microsillons, comme leur nom l’indique sont beaucoup plus petits que les sillons. On peut en mettre beaucoup plus sur une même surface et obtenir des enregistrements de plus longue durée, en moyenne 5 ou 6 fois plus longs. Cette technologie plus récente permet la stéréophonie, un meilleur contrôle des bruits de fonds et des distorsions, donc une meilleure qualité de son.

• Browse Content
• Channel Guide
• Howard Stern
• News & Issues
• Talk & Entertainment
• Hear & Now Blog
• Ways to Listen
• Compare Plans
• Inside the Car
• On the SiriusXM App
• Returning Listener Offers
• Shop Radios
• Traffic, Weather & More
• For Business
• Auto & Truck Fleets
• Listen on the SiriusXM App
• Transfer My Subscription
• Refresh My Radio
• Help Center
• Do Not Call Policy
• Browse Plans and Pricing
• Subscribe Now
• Get a Free Trial
• Pay My Bill

Page content follows

Enter for your chance to win a trip for two to California to see the final show of The Rolling Stones ‘Hackney Diamonds’ North American Stadium Tour!

... plus, walk with The Stones to the stage!

The Rolling Stones are going back on the road with a brand new tour in celebration of their latest album, HACKNEY DIAMONDS... and SiriusXM has your chance to see them perform in Santa Clara, CA on July 17, 2024!

One Grand Prize winner  will receive round-trip airfare, hotel, 2 front row tickets including backstage passes and a VIP package with special merch! Winner and guest will also get to take a walk to the stage as The Rolling Stones take the stage.

For more information on The Rolling Stones HACKNEY DIAMONDS tour, click here .

The following information will be subject to the SiriusXM Privacy Policy . See Official Rules for details and eligibility requirements.

COVID-19 Notice :  Winner and their guest must comply with all health and safety laws and event venue rules, which are subject to change at any time.

I have read and agree to the Official Rules and acknowledge the promotion is open only to current subscribers on or prior to April 3, 2024.

NO ADDITIONAL PURCHASE NECESSARY TO ENTER OR WIN. Open only to active SiriusXM subscribers on or prior to April 3, 2024 (self-paid or introductory trial). Must be a U.S. resident, 18 years of age or older to enter. Subject to the Official Rules available here . Void where prohibited.

• CBSSports.com
• Fanatics Sportsbook
• CBS Sports Home
• Champions League
• Motor Sports
• High School
• Horse Racing 

Men's Brackets

Women's Brackets

Fantasy Baseball

Fantasy football, football pick'em, college pick'em, fantasy basketball, fantasy hockey, franchise games, 24/7 sports news network.

• CBS Sports Golazo Network
• PGA Tour on CBS
• UEFA Champions League
• UEFA Europa League
• Italian Serie A
• Watch CBS Sports Network
• TV Shows & Listings

The Early Edge

A Daily SportsLine Betting Podcast

With the First Pick

NFL Draft is coming up!

• Podcasts Home
• The First Cut Golf
• Beyond the Arc
• Eye On College Basketball
• NFL Pick Six
• Cover 3 College Football
• Fantasy Football Today
• My Teams Organize / See All Teams Help Account Settings Log Out

2024 Zurich Classic odds, field: Surprising PGA picks, predictions from model that's nailed 11 majors

Sportsline's proven model simulated the zurich classic 2024 10,000 times and revealed its pga golf picks.

The PGA Tour will take an annual detour from individual events when the 2024 Zurich Classic takes place beginning on Thursday, April 25. There will be 80 duos competing in best ball (Thursday/Saturday) and alternate shot (Friday/Sunday) formats. Xander Schauffele and Patrick Cantlay are the 5-1 favorites according to the latest 2024 Zurich Classic odds. They won this event in 2022 and secured a T-4 finish in 2023, but should you include them in your 2024 Zurich Classic bets?

Rory McIlroy and Shane Lowry are pairing up for the first time as one of the top 2024 Zurich Classic contenders. Some of the other teams in the Zurich Classic 2024 field include Will Zalatoris/Sahith Theegala, Collin Morikawa/Kurt Kitayama and defending champions Nick Hardy/Davis Riley. Before locking in your 2024 Zurich Classic picks, be sure t o see the golf predictions and projected leaderboard from the proven computer model at SportsLine .

Our proprietary model, built by DFS pro Mike McClure, has been red-hot since the PGA Tour resumed in June of 2020. In fact, the model is up more than $9,000 on its best bets since the restart, nailing tournament after tournament.

McClure's model correctly predicted Scottie Scheffler would finish on top of the leaderboard at the 2024 Masters, the Arnold Palmer Invitational, the Players Championship, and the RBC Heritage this season. McClure also included Hideki Matsuyama in his best bets to win the 2024 Genesis Invitational. That bet hit at +9000, and for the entire tournament, McClure's best bets returned nearly $1,000.

The model also predicted Jon Rahm would be victorious at the 2023 Sentry Tournament of Champions and The American Express. At the 2023 Masters, the model was all over Rahm's second career major victory heading into the weekend. Rahm was two strokes off the lead heading into the third round, but the model still projected him as the winner. It was the second straight Masters win for the model, which also nailed Scheffler winning in 2022.

In addition, McClure's best bets included Nick Taylor (70-1) winning the 2023 RBC Canadian Open, Jason Day (17-1) winning outright at the 2023 AT&T Byron Nelson, and Rickie Fowler (14-1) finishing on top of the leaderboard at the 2023 Rocket Mortgage Classic.

This same model has also nailed a whopping 11 majors entering the weekend and hit the Masters three straight years. Anyone who has followed it has seen massive returns.

Now that the Zurich Classic 2024 field is finalized, SportsLine simulated the tournament 10,000 times, and the results were surprising. Head to SportsLine now to see the projected leaderboard .

Top 2024 Zurich Classic predictions 

One major surprise the model is calling for at the Zurich Classic 2024: McIlroy and Lowry, who've combined for 26 wins on the PGA Tour, barely crack the top five. McIlroy is set to play in his fourth consecutive event when he tees off at TPC Louisiana. He's failed to crack the top-10 in seven of his eight starts on the PGA Tour this season, while Lowry has finished T-19 or worse in six of his past eight events. 

Both players have struggled mightily on the green this season. McIlroy enters the 2024 Zurich Classic ranked 78th in strokes gained: putting (0.119) and 72nd in putting average (1.758), a big reason why he ranks 98th in scoring average (70.44). Lowry, meanwhile, ranks 99th in strokes gained: putting (-0.012) and 143rd in putts per round (29.38), which doesn't bode well for their chances to finish on top of the leaderboard this week. 

Another surprise: Corey Conners and Taylor Pendrith, 35-1 longshots, make a strong run at the title. They have a much better chance to win it all than their odds imply, so they're a target for anyone looking for a huge payday.

The Canadians seem like a perfect pair to make some noise at TPC Louisiana. Conners is one of the best ball strikers on the PGA Tour, entering this week's event ranked second in greens in regulation percentage (72.65%) and fourth in strokes gained: approach to green (0.872). Meanwhile, Pendrith is effective with a putter in his hands, ranking 22nd in strokes gained: putting (0.538). The familiarity they have with each other's games should be a huge boost at the PGA Tour's only team event.  See who else to pick here . 

How to make 2024 Zurich Classic picks

The model is also targeting three other teams with odds of 35-1 or longer to make a strong run at the title. Anyone who backs these longshots could hit it big. You can only see the model's picks here .

Who will win the 2024 Zurich Classic, and which longshots will stun the golfing world? Check out the Zurich Classic 2024 odds below and then visit SportsLine to see the projected Zurich Classic leaderboard , all from the model that's nailed 11 golf majors, including the last three Masters.

2024 Zurich Classic odds, field

Get full 2024 Zurich Classic picks, best bets, and predictions here .

Patrick Cantlay / Xander Schauffele +500 Rory McIlroy / Shane Lowry +800 Will Zalatoris / Sahith Theegala +1100 Collin Morikawa / Kurt Kitayama +1600 Tom Hoge / Maverick McNealy +2500 Matt Fitzpatrick / Alex Fitzpatrick +2500 Taylor Pendrith / Corey Conners +3500 Rasmus Højgaard / Nicolai Højgaard +3500 Taylor Montgomery / Ben Griffin +4000 Sepp Straka / Brice Garnett +4000 Nick Taylor / Adam Hadwin +4000 Keith Mitchell / Joel Dahmen +4000 Brice Garnett / Sepp Straka +4000 Thomas Detry / Robert MacIntyre +4500 Doug Ghim / Chan Kim +4500 Davis Thompson / Andrew Novak +4500 Daniel Berger / Victor Perez +4500 Kevin Yu / C.T. Pan +5000 Billy Horschel / Tyson Alexander +5000 Beau Hossler / Sam Ryder +5000 Andrew Putnam / Joe Highsmith +5000 Aaron Rai / David Lipsky +5000 Thorbjorn Olesen / Matt Wallace +6500 Taylor Moore / Matt NeSmith +6500 K.H. Lee / Michael Kim +6500 Greyson Sigg / Chesson Hadley +6500 Gary Woodland / Lee Hodges +6500 Garrick Higgo / Ryan Fox +6500 Austin Eckroat / Chris Gotterup +6500 Steve Stricker / Matt Kuchar +8000 Nate Lashley / Rafael Campos +8000 Luke List / Henrik Norlander +8000 Kevin Streelman / Martin Laird +8000 Dylan Wu / Justin Lower +8000 Davis Riley / Nick Hardy +8000 Chandler Phillips / Jacob Bridgeman +8000 Carson Young / Ben Martin +8000 Ben Silverman / Kevin Dougherty +8000 Zach Johnson / Ryan Palmer +10000 Vincent Norrman / Jorge Campillo +10000 Nico Echavarria / Max Greyserman +10000 Alex Smalley / Matti Schmid +10000 Thriston Lawrence / Aldrich Potgieter +13000 Ryan Brehm / Mark Hubbard +13000 Justin Suh / Rico Hoey +13000 Jhonattan Vegas / Bronson Burgoon +13000 J.J. Spaun / Hayden Buckley +13000 Erik Barnes / Harrison Endycott +13000 Chad Ramey / Martin Trainer +13000 Carl Yuan / Zecheng Dou +13000 Sam Stevens / Paul Barjon +15000 Peter Malnati / Russell Knox +15000

Our Latest Golf Stories

Scheffler continues generational run of dominance

Kyle porter • 5 min read.

Prize, money purse breakdown for 2024 RBC Heritage

Kyle porter • 1 min read.

Tiger Woods fills out his TGL team

Scheffler picks up fourth win of last five starts, kyle porter • 4 min read.

Nelly Korda ties record with fifth straight LPGA win

Kyle porter • 3 min read.

Miles Russell, 15, plays into next Korn Ferry event

Kyle porter • 2 min read, share video.

2024 Zurich Classic odds, picks, predictions, bets

Scheffler dominance not seen since Woods

Korda nets record 5th straight LPGA win

Scheffler stays hot with fourth win in last five starts

Miles Russell, 15, plays way into next Korn Ferry event

Scheffler earnings up to $16.3 million since March

Is a grand slam in play for Scottie Scheffler?

Rory McIlroy emphatically shuts down LIV Golf rumors

Åberg's trajectory among nine Masters final thoughts

Davis Love III enthused about golf's young stars

Turn Your Curiosity Into Discovery

Latest facts.

15 Facts About World Health Day April 7th

8 Facts About International Day Of Light May 16th

40 facts about elektrostal.

Written by Lanette Mayes

Modified & Updated: 02 Mar 2024

Reviewed by Jessica Corbett

Elektrostal is a vibrant city located in the Moscow Oblast region of Russia. With a rich history, stunning architecture, and a thriving community, Elektrostal is a city that has much to offer. Whether you are a history buff, nature enthusiast, or simply curious about different cultures, Elektrostal is sure to captivate you.

This article will provide you with 40 fascinating facts about Elektrostal, giving you a better understanding of why this city is worth exploring. From its origins as an industrial hub to its modern-day charm, we will delve into the various aspects that make Elektrostal a unique and must-visit destination.

So, join us as we uncover the hidden treasures of Elektrostal and discover what makes this city a true gem in the heart of Russia.

Key Takeaways:

• Elektrostal, known as the “Motor City of Russia,” is a vibrant and growing city with a rich industrial history, offering diverse cultural experiences and a strong commitment to environmental sustainability.
• With its convenient location near Moscow, Elektrostal provides a picturesque landscape, vibrant nightlife, and a range of recreational activities, making it an ideal destination for residents and visitors alike.

Known as the “Motor City of Russia.”

Elektrostal, a city located in the Moscow Oblast region of Russia, earned the nickname “Motor City” due to its significant involvement in the automotive industry.

Home to the Elektrostal Metallurgical Plant.

Elektrostal is renowned for its metallurgical plant, which has been producing high-quality steel and alloys since its establishment in 1916.

Boasts a rich industrial heritage.

Elektrostal has a long history of industrial development, contributing to the growth and progress of the region.

Founded in 1916.

The city of Elektrostal was founded in 1916 as a result of the construction of the Elektrostal Metallurgical Plant.

Located approximately 50 kilometers east of Moscow.

Elektrostal is situated in close proximity to the Russian capital, making it easily accessible for both residents and visitors.

Known for its vibrant cultural scene.

Elektrostal is home to several cultural institutions, including museums, theaters, and art galleries that showcase the city’s rich artistic heritage.

A popular destination for nature lovers.

Surrounded by picturesque landscapes and forests, Elektrostal offers ample opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, and birdwatching.

Hosts the annual Elektrostal City Day celebrations.

Every year, Elektrostal organizes festive events and activities to celebrate its founding, bringing together residents and visitors in a spirit of unity and joy.

Has a population of approximately 160,000 people.

Elektrostal is home to a diverse and vibrant community of around 160,000 residents, contributing to its dynamic atmosphere.

Boasts excellent education facilities.

The city is known for its well-established educational institutions, providing quality education to students of all ages.

A center for scientific research and innovation.

Elektrostal serves as an important hub for scientific research, particularly in the fields of metallurgy, materials science, and engineering.

Surrounded by picturesque lakes.

The city is blessed with numerous beautiful lakes, offering scenic views and recreational opportunities for locals and visitors alike.

Well-connected transportation system.

Elektrostal benefits from an efficient transportation network, including highways, railways, and public transportation options, ensuring convenient travel within and beyond the city.

Famous for its traditional Russian cuisine.

Food enthusiasts can indulge in authentic Russian dishes at numerous restaurants and cafes scattered throughout Elektrostal.

Home to notable architectural landmarks.

Elektrostal boasts impressive architecture, including the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord and the Elektrostal Palace of Culture.

Offers a wide range of recreational facilities.

Residents and visitors can enjoy various recreational activities, such as sports complexes, swimming pools, and fitness centers, enhancing the overall quality of life.

Provides a high standard of healthcare.

Elektrostal is equipped with modern medical facilities, ensuring residents have access to quality healthcare services.

Home to the Elektrostal History Museum.

The Elektrostal History Museum showcases the city’s fascinating past through exhibitions and displays.

A hub for sports enthusiasts.

Elektrostal is passionate about sports, with numerous stadiums, arenas, and sports clubs offering opportunities for athletes and spectators.

Celebrates diverse cultural festivals.

Throughout the year, Elektrostal hosts a variety of cultural festivals, celebrating different ethnicities, traditions, and art forms.

Electric power played a significant role in its early development.

Elektrostal owes its name and initial growth to the establishment of electric power stations and the utilization of electricity in the industrial sector.

Boasts a thriving economy.

The city’s strong industrial base, coupled with its strategic location near Moscow, has contributed to Elektrostal’s prosperous economic status.

Houses the Elektrostal Drama Theater.

The Elektrostal Drama Theater is a cultural centerpiece, attracting theater enthusiasts from far and wide.

Popular destination for winter sports.

Elektrostal’s proximity to ski resorts and winter sport facilities makes it a favorite destination for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter activities.

Promotes environmental sustainability.

Elektrostal prioritizes environmental protection and sustainability, implementing initiatives to reduce pollution and preserve natural resources.

Home to renowned educational institutions.

Elektrostal is known for its prestigious schools and universities, offering a wide range of academic programs to students.

Committed to cultural preservation.

The city values its cultural heritage and takes active steps to preserve and promote traditional customs, crafts, and arts.

Hosts an annual International Film Festival.

The Elektrostal International Film Festival attracts filmmakers and cinema enthusiasts from around the world, showcasing a diverse range of films.

Encourages entrepreneurship and innovation.

Elektrostal supports aspiring entrepreneurs and fosters a culture of innovation, providing opportunities for startups and business development.

Offers a range of housing options.

Elektrostal provides diverse housing options, including apartments, houses, and residential complexes, catering to different lifestyles and budgets.

Home to notable sports teams.

Elektrostal is proud of its sports legacy, with several successful sports teams competing at regional and national levels.

Boasts a vibrant nightlife scene.

Residents and visitors can enjoy a lively nightlife in Elektrostal, with numerous bars, clubs, and entertainment venues.

Promotes cultural exchange and international relations.

Elektrostal actively engages in international partnerships, cultural exchanges, and diplomatic collaborations to foster global connections.

Surrounded by beautiful nature reserves.

Nearby nature reserves, such as the Barybino Forest and Luchinskoye Lake, offer opportunities for nature enthusiasts to explore and appreciate the region’s biodiversity.

Commemorates historical events.

The city pays tribute to significant historical events through memorials, monuments, and exhibitions, ensuring the preservation of collective memory.

Promotes sports and youth development.

Elektrostal invests in sports infrastructure and programs to encourage youth participation, health, and physical fitness.

Hosts annual cultural and artistic festivals.

Throughout the year, Elektrostal celebrates its cultural diversity through festivals dedicated to music, dance, art, and theater.

Provides a picturesque landscape for photography enthusiasts.

The city’s scenic beauty, architectural landmarks, and natural surroundings make it a paradise for photographers.

Connects to Moscow via a direct train line.

The convenient train connection between Elektrostal and Moscow makes commuting between the two cities effortless.

A city with a bright future.

Elektrostal continues to grow and develop, aiming to become a model city in terms of infrastructure, sustainability, and quality of life for its residents.

In conclusion, Elektrostal is a fascinating city with a rich history and a vibrant present. From its origins as a center of steel production to its modern-day status as a hub for education and industry, Elektrostal has plenty to offer both residents and visitors. With its beautiful parks, cultural attractions, and proximity to Moscow, there is no shortage of things to see and do in this dynamic city. Whether you’re interested in exploring its historical landmarks, enjoying outdoor activities, or immersing yourself in the local culture, Elektrostal has something for everyone. So, next time you find yourself in the Moscow region, don’t miss the opportunity to discover the hidden gems of Elektrostal.

Q: What is the population of Elektrostal?

A: As of the latest data, the population of Elektrostal is approximately XXXX.

Q: How far is Elektrostal from Moscow?

A: Elektrostal is located approximately XX kilometers away from Moscow.

Q: Are there any famous landmarks in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal is home to several notable landmarks, including XXXX and XXXX.

Q: What industries are prominent in Elektrostal?

A: Elektrostal is known for its steel production industry and is also a center for engineering and manufacturing.

Q: Are there any universities or educational institutions in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal is home to XXXX University and several other educational institutions.

Q: What are some popular outdoor activities in Elektrostal?

A: Elektrostal offers several outdoor activities, such as hiking, cycling, and picnicking in its beautiful parks.

Q: Is Elektrostal well-connected in terms of transportation?

A: Yes, Elektrostal has good transportation links, including trains and buses, making it easily accessible from nearby cities.

Q: Are there any annual events or festivals in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal hosts various events and festivals throughout the year, including XXXX and XXXX.

Was this page helpful?

Our commitment to delivering trustworthy and engaging content is at the heart of what we do. Each fact on our site is contributed by real users like you, bringing a wealth of diverse insights and information. To ensure the highest standards of accuracy and reliability, our dedicated editors meticulously review each submission. This process guarantees that the facts we share are not only fascinating but also credible. Trust in our commitment to quality and authenticity as you explore and learn with us.

Share this Fact:

Matthew Anderson wins 69th ECP Brazil Open

Matthew Anderson used a final-round 69 to capture a one-stroke victory at the 69th ECP Brazil Open. (Gregory Villalobos/PGA TOUR)

Change Text Size

Matthew Anderson carded his third consecutive sub-70 round to win the 69th ECP Brazil Open at the Rio Olympic Golf Course. Anderson was one shot off the lead after 16 holes but rallied to make back-to-back birdies on Nos. 17 and 18 to secure his maiden victory as a professional.

Anderson’s breakthrough win comes after T21 and T3 finishes at the season-opening Bupa Championship at Tulum and the Totalplay Championship at Atlas Country Club. Anderson’s victory vaults him into the No. 1 spot in the Fortinet Cup season-long ranking through three tournaments.

The Mississauga, Ontario native is the first Canadian to win on PGA TOUR Americas and has registered six top-25s since he turned pro last summer. Anderson found success early in his career by winning the 2019 Ontario Men’s Amateur Championship. He was selected for the Golf Canada team in 2021-22 and has been part of the team since.

Prior to turning pro, Anderson came off an impressive finish in his graduate season at the University of San Francisco, earning All-American honors after notching a top-15 finish at the 2023 NCAA Championships. From there, Anderson gained status on PGA TOUR Canada via a fourth-place finish at the PGA TOUR Canada Qualifying Tournament. He finished 50th in the 2023 Fortinet Cup standings to gain membership into the inaugural PGA TOUR Americas season.

Anderson is expected to be in the field at the Diners Club Peru Open, the fourth event of the Latin America Swing, which will be hosted at Los Inkas Golf Club from April 25-28 in Lima, Peru.

About Matthew Anderson (winner/16-under)

Age: 24 Birthplace: Mississauga, Ontario Residence: Phoenix, Arizona College: University of San Francisco Fortinet Cup: First

• Credits his dad for introducing him to golf at a young age, saying that he picked up the game when he was two and started hitting balls in his grandmother’s living room.
• Played his first round on an official golf course at the age of four and played in his first tournament at eight.
• Finished 11 th and earned All-American honors at the 2023 NCAA Championships.
• Travels with friend and fellow PGA TOUR Americas member Johnny Travale during tournament weeks.
• Played hockey for 12 years, shoots the puck left-handed but plays golf right-handed.
• Always carries four tees and his lucky Tito’s ball marker in his pocket when he’s playing.
• Favorite sports team is the Toronto Maple Leafs, favorite athlete is Kobe Bryant.
• Favorite musical artist is Drake, favorite song is “Butterfly Effect” by Travis Scott.

Competition Notes

Course Setup: Par 71/7,162 yards; Cumulative average: 70.380 Weather: Sunny with a high of 80. Wind from the east at 3-8 mph with gusts up to 16 mph.

• Jonathan De Los Reyes set the course record at the Rio Olympic Golf Course after carding a 10-under 61 in the second round of the 69th ECP Brazil Open. De Los Reyes finished T6.
• Holes 12 and 13 were the most challenging holes at Rio Olympic Golf Course; averaging a +.340. Over the course of the weekend, only 45 birdies were made compared to 184 bogeys across the two holes.
• Hole 5 was the lowest scoring hole at the Rio Olympic Golf Course, with a -0.510 scoring average and 166 birdies and 21 eagles carded.
• Anderson is the second player to earn his first professional win on PGA TOUR Americas: Clay Feagler earned his first professional win at the season-opening Bupa Championship at Tulum.
• Rodrigo Lee finished as the low Brazilian after finishing T8 (11-under). Lee is expected to make his second start of the season at the Diners Club Peru Open, and is in the field as an unrestricted sponsor exemption.
• 60 players made the cut at 3-under or better.
• Ivan Camilo Ramirez (T56/1-under) became the first Colombian to make a start and make the cut in a PGA TOUR Americas event.

Quick Links

• EUR (€)
• GBP (£)
•   Contact us

• Currency : 
• US Dollar Euro Pound Sterling Russian Ruble Australian Dollar Canadian Dollar Swiss Franc Danish Krone Japanese Yen Norwegian Krone Swedish Krona
• Toll Free 0800 011 2023
• US and Canada United Kingdom Australia Brazil Netherlands Russia Sweden
• Tours by Region Moscow Saint Petersburg Golden Ring Lake Baikal Murmansk Siberia & Far East Sochi & Southern Russia Amsterdam Berlin Copenhagen Gdansk Georgia Helsinki Kaliningrad Kamchatka Karelia Kazan Klaipeda Nizhny Novgorod Northern Europe Oslo Perm Riga Ryazan Stockholm Tallinn Ulan-Ude Veliky Novgorod Vilnius Vladivostok Volgograd Yakutia Yekaterinburg
• Why Choose our Day Tours
• One Day Tours Two Days Tours Three Day Tours
• About Russian tours Private vs Group Tours
• Tours by Region Moscow & St.Peterburg Moscow Saint Petersburg Golden Ring Lake Baikal Trans-Siberian Siberia & Far East Altai Kaliningrad Kamchatka Karelia Kazan Perm Veliky Novgorod Yakutia Yekaterinburg
• Tour Types Small Group Tours Private Tour Theme Tour
• Moscow events St. Petersburg events Events archive
• Events by type Ballet Opera Concert Show All types
• Top theaters Bolshoi theatre - Historic Stage Bolshoi theatre - Small Stage Mariinsky Theater Mariinsky Theatre - Mariinsky II Mikhailovsky Theater
• Direction Moscow - St.Petersburg St. Petersburg - Moscow
• Ships MS Rostropovich MS Volga Dream MS Anton Chekhov MS General Lavrinenkov MS Georgy Chicherin MS Ivan Bunin MS Konstantin Fedin MS Konstantin Korotkov MS Kronshtadt MS Maxim Gorky MS Nikolay Chernyshevsky MS Nizhny Novgorod MS Rachmaninoff MS River Victoria MS Scenic Tsar MS Tikhy Don (MS Alexander Borodin) MS Vasiliy Kandinsky MS Zosima Shashkov Mustai Karim
• Russian Visa Invitation
• Moscow The Kremlin Red Square Golden Ring Tverskaya Street Grand Kremlin Palace (The Kremlin) Christ the Savior Novodevichiy Convent Moscow Subway The Bolshoi Theater Armoury Chamber (The Kremlin) St. Basil's Cathedral The Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts Yury Gagarin Cosmonauts training center
• Saint Petersburg Hermitage Museum Peterhof Catherine's Palace (Tsarskoe Selo) Pavlovsk St. Isaac Cathedral Peter and Paul Fortress Nevsky Prospect Yusupov Palace Savior on Blood Amber room Bronze Horseman (Senate square) Hermitage Theatre Kazansky Cathedral Kronstadt Palace Square Spit of the Vasilievsky Island
• 1/7th of the World Volga River Siberia Baikal Kazan Sochi Smolensk Nizhny Novgorod Kaliningrad Ulyanovsk Verkhoturova Island
• uVisitRussia Why travel with UVisitRussia Customers' Testimonials Contact details Cancellations & Changes
• Russian Travel News
• Russian travel advice Advices while packing Advices while travelling

Tour of famous Moscow Metro. Explore the Underground World! (2 hours)

• Add to wishlist

On this tour you take in some of Moscow's most important and highly decorated stations. Carrying up to 7 million passengers a day and covering almost the entire city, the Moscow Metro is one of the most extensive mass transit systems in the world. It's famous for the fine examples of social-realism which decorate many of its stations.

Visit some of the most important stations and get the chance to admire spectacular baroque-style ceilings, marble statues, busts of Communist heroes, stained glass windows, and ceiling mosaics depicting the bright Soviet future. Visit the most remarkable stations like Komsomolskaya, Kurskaya, Kievskaya and others, with the experienced guide who will bring you a full insight into their fascinating history.

• Tour of Moscow's Metro system visiting beautifully decorated key stations on the network.
• System that carries more than 7 million passengers per day
• Views of the most opulently designed tunnels & platforms
• Significance to the country—known as the “People's Palace”
• History & stories relayed by an expert local guide

If you wonder why the Moscow metro is considered one the most beautiful in the world, this tour is made for you!

Important info

Ask a travel expert.

• Professional English-speaking guide assistance. Other languages upon request (additional charge may apply)
• Hotel pick-up and drop-off
• Personal expenses
• Gratuities (optional)
• Food and drinks
• Confirmation will be received at time of booking
• Children must be accompanied by an adult

Departure and return point: nearest metro station to your central Moscow hotel  

Departure time:  flexible

Sights included in program

Thanks ! We will reply you in less than 24 hours (usually within 1-2 hours) .

Our flexible payment options allow you to pay 20% of a deposit first and the remaining 80% in 14 days prior to your tour date - payment can be done both online or over the phone. This gives you the peace of mind knowing your spaces are booked on the tours and that you do not miss out on making the most of your time in Russia.

Also you get the best, top-rated and most experienced and knowledgeable hand-picked tour guide appointed on a priority basis. In our experience, exceptional travel experiences are almost always delivered by exceptional people. With that in mind, we utilize a comprehensive approach to select and employ the best tour guides only. Multilingual and well travelled, each possesses deep insight into the diverse attractions and cultural patterns throughout the region. With us guides undergo a rigorous selection process, achieving outstanding knowledge of local culture and language. Rest assured that the best tour guides only will be working on the tours to give you excellent opportunity to explore the best of the sights during both short and long-term stay in Russia.

Once you complete your reservation, we will send you a booking confirmation email. As the day of the tour approaches, our logistics team will provide you with all relevant information for your tour.

Speak  to an expert Call us now

+1 (888) 845-8877

• Shore excursions
• The Best of Two Capitals Private
• The Best of Two Capitals Small Group
• The Best of Two Capitals Gold
• Russia's Ancient Kingdoms
• Cradle of Russia
• Explore Moscow
• Explore St. Petersburg
• Read Customer Testimonials
• Advantages of Traveling with Us

US office 3422 Old Capitol Trail Suite 1252 , Wilmington DE, 19808 USA. US toll-free: 1-888-845-8877 Russian office Ligovsky pr. 57, Office 19, 191040, St. Petersburg, Russia

tel: +7-812-309-5339

© 2001 – 2024 by Northern Crown, Ltd. uVisitRussia  and uVisitRussia.com are registered trademarks .   Terms & Conditions   Privacy Policy

Sign in with your social account

Sign in to our website using your Facebook or Google+ account.

Why Do You Need Our Travel Expert

Contact our experts, and they will help you to plan your best trip to Russia, with attention to every detail!

Our Experts have been in the travel industry for many years, guarantee to offer first class customer service, excellent value for money and unbiased advice. They are standing by to find and build your dream holiday to one of the world's most fascinating destinations - Russia. Your personal Travel Expert will guide you through each stage of the travel process, from choosing a program that fits you best to support during your trip.

Just tell us your e-mail, and we'll take care of everything!

Leave your phone number

Your tour request has been received. Thank you ! We have sent you the confirmation message to  [email]

Please make sure that you receive this message (sometimes e-mail messages may go to the spam/junk mail). If you did not get this message, it means you will not get message with the tours' selection as well. If you use a Yahoo!, Gmail, AOL or Hotmail, we recommend to add  [email protected]   to your address book.

We recommend to leave your phone number. If we will not heard back that you received the e-mail with the tours' selection, we will contact you by phone. And you will not miss the best tour for you.

Thank you ! Your request for Travel Expert assistance has been sent. We will e-mail you within 1 hour.

Sorry, some changes needed

There was a problem with your request.

Advertisement

Supported by

In Pennsylvania, Biden slams Trump as he calls for a fairer tax code.

In Scranton, his hometown, the president discussed tax policy in terms of economic fairness, arguing that Donald Trump’s tax cuts benefited billionaires.

• Share full article

By Nicholas Nehamas

Reporting from Scranton, Pa.

President Biden kicked off a three-day tour of Pennsylvania, a crucial battleground state, with a speech on Tuesday that focused on taxes and aimed to contrast his policies with those of former President Donald J. Trump.

In Scranton, his hometown, Mr. Biden spoke about the tax code in the frame of economic fairness, arguing that Mr. Trump’s tax cuts had benefited billionaires while his own agenda had helped working- and middle-class families.

“A fair tax code is how we invest in the things that make this country strong,” he said. “Health care, education, defense and so much more.”

Speaking about lessons of hard work and fairness he said he had learned growing up in Scranton, Mr. Biden suggested that Mr. Trump had learned different lessons. “He learned the best way to get rich is to inherit it,” he said.

It was standard election-year fare, but the backdrop to Mr. Biden’s campaign swing could not be more unusual. In an unprecedented trial, Mr. Trump is spending most of this week, and much of the coming month or two, in a Manhattan courtroom facing criminal charges. Democrats hope that the contrast of Mr. Biden campaigning and carrying out the duties of a president while Mr. Trump’s lawyers plead his innocence will highlight the choice voters face in November.

Karine Jean-Pierre, the White House press secretary, did not answer when asked if Mr. Biden was watching the Trump trial or being briefed on it.

“His focus is on the American people,” she said during a briefing with reporters aboard Air Force One en route to Scranton.

On Tuesday, the day after Tax Day, Mr. Biden promoted his plans for changes to the tax code, including expanding the child tax credit, instituting a tax credit for first-time home buyers and making permanent tax credits for those who buy health insurance under the Affordable Care Act.

He often asks his audiences on the campaign trail: “Does anybody think the tax code is fair?”

Pennsylvania is a key target for both the Biden and Trump campaigns. Mr. Biden’s easiest path to re-election involves him winning Pennsylvania, as well as Michigan and Wisconsin, the so-called blue wall states. In 2020, he narrowly defeated Mr. Trump in Pennsylvania by about 80,000 votes. Polling shows that another tight race is likely in the state, the nation’s most populous battleground.

Mr. Trump held a major rally in eastern Pennsylvania on Saturday. Both he and Mr. Biden, who spent much of his childhood in Scranton, have sought to highlight their ties to the state. “I went to school here, right?” Mr. Trump, a graduate of the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, reminded his audience. “I went to school in Pennsylvania. I love Pennsylvania.”

While Mr. Biden’s campaign has invested heavily in opening offices and hiring staff members around the state, Pennsylvania Democrats have urged him to broaden his travel beyond Philadelphia, a major hub of Democratic votes that is also logistically convenient for him to visit. They say it is imperative that Mr. Biden campaign in western Pennsylvania, as well as swing areas like Erie County, which Mr. Biden flipped in 2020.

This week, Mr. Biden is doing just that. After leaving Scranton, he will visit Pittsburgh on Wednesday to give an official address at the headquarters of the United Steelworkers. Unions are a major constituency for Democrats, and Mr. Biden has signaled opposition to an effort by a Japanese company to acquire U.S. Steel, a move also opposed by the steelworkers union, which has endorsed him.

On Thursday, he will campaign in Philadelphia.

Although the economy is Mr. Biden’s focus during his tour, Democrats are also trying to keep the issue of abortion front and center, seeking to tie Mr. Trump directly to bans on the procedure in many states, most recently in Arizona .

Ahead of Mr. Trump’s visit to Pennsylvania over the weekend, the Democratic National Committee unveiled billboards in the eastern part of the state.

“Because of Trump, over 20 states have extreme abortion bans,” the billboards said in English and Spanish. “If he gets his way, Pennsylvania could be next.”

Abortion is legal in the state until 24 weeks of pregnancy with exceptions after that and, with a Democratic governor in office, restrictions seem highly unlikely. Democrats have argued that Mr. Trump would sign a federal ban on abortion if he were re-elected. Mr. Trump said last week that he would not, reversing a position he held during his term in the White House.

Michael Gold contributed reporting from Schnecksville, Pa.

Nicholas Nehamas is a Times political reporter covering the re-election campaign of President Biden. More about Nicholas Nehamas

Our Coverage of the 2024 Election

Presidential Race

The Trump campaign and the Republican Party plan to dispatch over 100,000 volunteers and lawyers to monitor elections in battleground states  — and work in concert with conservative activists.

The prospect of Robert F. Kennedy Jr. threatening to upend the presidential race  went from an idea to a reality in one of the country’s most consequential battlegrounds, when Kennedy qualified for the ballot in Michigan .

Gov. Kristi Noem of South Dakota, a potential vice-presidential pick for Donald Trump, refused to say whether she would have certified the 2020 election  if she had been in Mike Pence’s position. She also dodged questions about exceptions to abortion bans.

Other Key Races

A high-energy crowd rallied in Pittsburgh to support Representative Summer Lee, a left-leaning congresswoman whose primary is a high-profile test  of whether she can stave off a challenge aimed in part at her stance over the war in Gaza.

After Hamas’s Oct. 7 attack on Israel, pro-Israel political groups put the Democratic Party’s most outspoken critics on notice. The groups have raised millions to challenge candidates they see as not sufficiently pro-Israel, but have spent little  as public opinion shifts.

Pressed on his claims of 2020 election irregularities, the Republican candidate for Senate in Wisconsin has questioned the mental capacity of nursing home residents  to vote.

Nevada’s once-sleepy Republican primary for Senate, which has been dominated by Sam Brown, a U.S. Army veteran, was jolted to life when a deep-pocketed rival  took aim at the front-runner.

• Election 2024
• Entertainment
• Newsletters
• Photography
• Personal Finance
• AP Investigations
• AP Buyline Personal Finance
• AP Buyline Shopping
• Press Releases
• Israel-Hamas War
• Russia-Ukraine War
• Global elections
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East
• Election Results
• Delegate Tracker
• AP & Elections
• Auto Racing
• 2024 Paris Olympic Games
• Movie reviews
• Book reviews
• Personal finance
• Financial Markets
• Business Highlights
• Financial wellness
• Artificial Intelligence
• Social Media

Visa fees for international artists to tour in the US shot up 250% in April. It could be devastating

Festivalgoers attend the first weekend of the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival at the Empire Polo Club on Sunday, April 14, 2024, in Indio, Calif. (Photo by Amy Harris/Invision/AP)

Achille Trocellier, left, and Flore Benguigui of L’Imperatrice perform during the the first weekend of the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival at the Empire Polo Club on Friday, April 12, 2024, in Indio, Calif. (Photo by Amy Harris/Invision/AP)

Festivalgoers are seen during the the first weekend of the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival at the Empire Polo Club on Saturday, April 13, 2024, in Indio, Calif. (Photo by Amy Harris/Invision/AP)

Tom Daveau of L’Imperatrice performs during the the first weekend of the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival at the Empire Polo Club on Friday, April 12, 2024, in Indio, Calif. (Photo by Amy Harris/Invision/AP)

• Copy Link copied

NEW YORK (AP) — Performing in the U.S. for international artists just got a lot more complicated.

On April 1, the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services instituted a 250% visa fee increase for global musicians hoping to tour in the U.S.

Artists, advocacy groups and immigration lawyers are concerned it could have devastating effects on emerging talent worldwide and local music economies in the U.S.

WHAT ARE THE COSTS?

If you’re a musician from outside of the United States hoping to perform stateside and you filed visa paperwork before April 1, the cost per application was $460.

After that date? $1,615 to $1,655.

Bands and ensemble groups pay per performer. A standard rock band of four members went from paying $1,840 to around $6,460. And if you can’t wait a few months for approval, add $2,805 per application for expedited processing.

If the application is not accepted, that money is not refunded — on top of losses from a canceled tour and missing out on “significant, potentially career-changing opportunities,” says Jen Jacobsen, executive director at The Artist Rights Alliance .

If a musician has support staff, a backing band or other employees to bring on the tour, these individuals need visas, too.

“Even if you’re Capitol Records and you have all the money in the world to throw at it, you still can’t get rid of U.S. bureaucracy,” says immigration attorney Gabriel Castro.

All international musicians require work authorization to perform in the U.S. There are few exemptions: Those are reserved for “showcases” through the Visa Waiver Program — like what is often used at South by Southwest , where international artists perform exclusively at official showcases, without pay and for exposure.

Currently, there are few hurdles for U.S. musicians looking to enter other countries for the specific purpose of earning money through live performances. According to Castro, American performers are able to enter most countries without a visa and under an exception to tourism rules.

WHAT’S THE IMPACT ON ARTISTS?

Gareth Paisey, singer of the independent, seven-piece Welsh band Los Campesinos! , will tour in the U.S. this June. The band made sure to apply for visas before the April 1 cut off, a difference of paying $3,220 or $11,305 in fees. Next time they have to get a visa, he says they’ll likely try to squeeze two tours in one year — the length of their particular visa — to make up the cost.

He says the application process requires providing an itinerary for the full year and supplemental evidence: press clippings to justify their status as “career musicians,” and testimonials from people of note — often from more famous musicians.

“Nobody gets into a band because they’ve got a passion for making cash flow forecasts,” he says. “It’s unfair to expect people who are brilliant at writing songs to also be brilliant at filling out a 20-page visa application.”

After Brexit , he says touring in Europe for U.K. acts has become more complicated, but the U.S. process is by far the most complex — both in terms of paperwork and what it represents for music moving forward.

“This idea that you need to be a career musician to get a visa, and visa fees are going up, increases the idea that music is a competition ,” says Paisey. “And part of that competition is making as much money as you can — like that’s the only valid way to participate in the music industry.”

WHY HAVE THE FEES JUMPED SO MUCH?

Two reasons: They hadn’t in some time, and because immigration officials are scrutinizing the process more closely.

The last increase was in 2016, when fees grew from $325 to $460.

The U.S. government is “putting more and more burden on the application process,” says Castro of BAL Sports and Entertainment Practice, which specializes in visas for musicians, entertainers and athletes.

He says 20 years ago, applications were just two or three pages. Now, they’re 15 or 20 pages.

“And those are just the forms before supporting evidence,” he says. “Now I’m submitting documents that are 200 pages, 300 pages long just to explain why this band should be traveling throughout the United States.”

Officials “might have done better to look at inefficiencies in the system to save money,” he says.

Paisey says he’s heard that the increase will allow the USCIS to “get rid of the backlog ... But is that because you’re going to employ more staff or is it probably because you’re going to get less applications?” he wonders, because it’s going to benefit “people who can afford to go than rather than who wants to go or has the fan base to go.”

WHY HAVE THE APPLICATIONS CHANGED OVER TIME?

Castro says some of it is to account for “abuses in the system — to make sure that individuals that are coming here for certain activities actually have those activities in place,” but the increased scrutiny is a lingering effect from Trump administration’s immigration policies .

“The immigration process overall became more difficult for everyone. Whether you’re coming across the border, whether you’re coming here to perform at Madison Square Garden, whatever it is,” he says. “That has changed the culture of U.S. immigrations agencies .”

WHO DOES THIS HARM?

Independent and emerging talent, as well as ensembles and groups.

“ Dua Lipa , the Rolling Stones , they’re going to pay these fees. It’s not even a rounding error. They could misplace $1,200 in their budgets and they wouldn’t even notice,” says Castro. “It’s the indie rock bands, niche acts, jazz musicians from Japan who will be affected.”

“Every dime counts. They have very small margins,” he adds.

“We’ve already got a problem with not enough musical acts breaking through to the next level,” Paisey says. “And this is going to stop them from getting that chance in the States.”

Touring in the U.S. is a pipe dream for many independent acts, he says, and it is in danger of “not even being a dream.”

Jacobsen points out that there will be ripple effects as well: Musicians, drivers, tour managers and beyond who would be hired to work with international talent will lose work, venues will lose fruitful bookings, festivals that focus on international talent will reduce in size, the costs of tickets could increase and so on.

She says these fee increases could affect U.S. music culture — “the richness of the music ecosystem in terms of diversity of genres.”

If lesser known, global genre artists cannot perform in the U.S., audiences will miss out on a critical cultural exchange. “We need the marketplace to be friendly and accessible to all those different types of musicians,” she says.

WHAT’S NEXT?

“You’re going to see a decrease in international acts coming to the United States,” says Castro. “And maybe it’s decreased frequency more than a decrease in the absolute number. We’ll see less and less emerging artists.

“The harder you make it for them to come to the United States, the less you’re going to see them here.”

Local economies, too, will feel the result: “It’s not just the mid-sized venue in Cleveland that will feel it, but the parking lot down the street, the restaurants and bars people go to before and after.”

And there could be long-term consequences that have yet to be seen. “There is an absolute concern that there would be a reciprocal effect,” says Jacobson.

If the U.S. is making it increasingly difficult and expensive for musicians to come here, “Why wouldn’t other countries do the same to our artists?”