tonle sap tourism

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Tonle Sap Lake Travel

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Tonlé Sap is one of the most fish abundant lakes in the world and supports 360 floating villages and thousands of waterbirds. It is easily reached from Siem Reap as a day trip, or you can travel through on a boat trip from Phnom Penh to Siem Reap and the Angkor temples. The lake's Prek Toal bird sanctuary is home to dense flocks of hundreds of resident and migrant bird species, as well as crocodiles and giant fish.

The Tonlé Sap is a unique, natural wonder of the world - it's relatively small for most of the year, but during rainy season, the river that flows out of it reverses direction, flooding the lake and increasiong its size almost tenfold to become the largest freshwater lake in South-East Asia. Thanks to this, the Tonlé Sap is one of the most fish abundant lakes in the world, and the sediment deposits left behind by the annual floods also create fertile ground for agriculture.

It is no surprise that one of Asia’s greatest ancient civilisations developed near this lake, and today much of Cambodia’s livelihood still depends on its output.

Best time to visit

If you want to witness the enormous charm of Tonle Sap, the wet season from October to February, when the water of the Mekong river becomes so powerful and the lake's size increases to approximately 15,000 km² with a depth of 8 m, is the best time to go. 

However, if you want to see the bird sanctuary, the best time to visit is the dry season from November to May, when the water level falls and the birds are concentrated in a comparatively small area.

Weather Cycles and Flow Reversal

Khmer New Year which occurs in April each year, signifies the end of the harvest season. It’s the time for Cambodian families to enjoy their harvest before the rainy season begins, around June. As the rain sets in, the water levels in the Mekong River rise and the flow from Tonle Sap is reversed.

Normally water from the Tonle Sap Lake flows along Tonle Sap River where it ultimately converges with the Mekong and Tonle Bassac River. When rainy season is in full swing, the higher water levels push the water back toward the lake. It’s quite a remarkable natural phenomenon. The lake essentially becomes a giant reservoir, swelling in size by up to 5 times and expanding through the surrounding wetlands. At this point, Tonle Sap transforms into the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia.

When the dry season arrives around November, the Tonle Sap Lake is full and everything is flourishing from. Water levels in the Mekong drop and the river flow goes back the other way again. Water Festival or Bom Om Touk (literally “boat festival”) symbolizes the end of the rainy season. Rice farmers have been working hard during the rainy season to cultivate one or two crops of rice and the water festival also indicated that the rice harvest is coming. There are ceremonies for pounding the rice, which is known as Ombok, and it is tradition to eat the pounded rice at this time of the year.

Tonle Sap Lake's current weather and 7-day forecast

The biodiversity of the Tonle Sap Lake is magnificent and unique. Radiating out from the lake itself are mangroves, tropical forests, marshlands and grasslands, which provide habitats for a huge range of animal species. The Prek Toal Bird Sanctuary is located at the western end of the Tonle Sap Lake and is well equipped to satisfy curious and expert birdwatching enthusiasts. As well as rare bird species, there are also reptiles, fish, mammals and insects that are integral to the biodiversity of this great lake. Some of the rare species that are now considered endangered include the Siamese Crocodile, Crab-eating Macaque, Spot-billed Pelican and Milky Stork.

The lake is also home to a unique species of water snake, the Tonle Sap Water Snake (Enhydris longicauda), also amongst the list of endangered species. Approximately 6.9 million snakes are caught each year from the lake, around 14 species in total. Many are the main food source for birds on the lake, their reduction in numbers will lead to disastrous effects on the biodiversity of this amazing lake. The snakes are primarily being harvested as food for both people (fish numbers are down, which has lead to many fishermen now harvesting snakes) and for crocodiles as the number of crocodile farms increases.

UNESCO denoted the area a biosphere reserve in 1997, helping to set up laws and regulations for the conservation of the area.

Whilst it is unclear exactly how many people are living on and around the lake, it is documented that around 40% are living under the poverty line. Most communities are extremely poor and consist of predominantly Vietnamese or Cham. Life on the lake can be isolating and brutal. Access to sufficient education and healthcare are limited and exposure to the elements is demanding.

Stilted and Floating Villages

The communities living here need to be flexible and mobile. Often they will move their houses and main structures to different areas as the water rises and falls with the seasons. Many villages utilise a combination of permanent structures, stilted houses and buildings, and moveable houses that can be transported with the tide. These communities are more commonly known as stilted and floating villages.

Fishing and Farming

Fishing is a seasonal vocation for most families living on the Tonle Sap Lake and the grasslands are utilized for cattle grazing and family-scaled farming. The ebb and flow of the lake is critical to the harvest for sustaining food supplies for the people living in the area. Furthermore, much of the fish caught in the lake is transported to feed Cambodians throughout the country and a critical component of the economy, making up 16% of GDP.

Experience authentic life at Tonle Sap Floating Villages

The floating villages at Tonle Sap Lake seem to be of interest for tourists visiting Siem Reap. There are actually several floating villages located on and around the lake, each of them has its distinctive characteristics. Visiting these places enables you to see a new and different way of life. The four main floating villages are listed below.

1. Chong Khneas

About 16 km southeast of Siem Reap, Chong Kneas is the closest village to access, which makes it a easy day trip for tourists. This is the most famous fishermen village of the Vietnamese minority. They live in floating houses, which are regularly moved around according to water levels, thus Chong Kneas is really more like a “floating village”. Other buildings like church, elementary school, restaurant, police station, shop, basket ball court,… are even on boats.

Unlike many popular floating markets in Thailand, Chong Kneas is not entirely souvenir shops and food vendors. Most of the villagers are still fishermen, so you can observe their activities. Everything, even a small errand is done on the water. They wash, bath, swim and fish for dinner. Of course tourist spots are here, too. Usually tourist boats stop at a crocodile and catfish farm. It offers the opportunity to climb up to the rooftop and enjoy the view over the floating village. Although it may not be the most picturesque and somewhat more touristy, Chong Kneas is still interesting and worth seeing.

2. Kampong Phluk

Located about 16 km of Siem Reap, Kampong Phluk consists of three villages of stilted houses built within the floodplain. There are 2 ways to reach the area: by boat from the Chong Khneas dock or by road in the dry season. Different from Chong Khneas, the main inhabitants of the village are Khmer. And only a few of tourists makes the journey to Kampong Phluk, which has helped it retain much of authenticity. You’ll see what traditional fishermen’s life is like over water – they are busy doing laundry, cooking or fishing on the wooden boats.

In addition, you can also take a small paddle boat into the mangroves to have a close look at this submerged forest. To end a day, you shouldn’t miss the stunning sunset view in the middle of Tonle Sap lake. The color is so intense when the sky changes from bright blue to luminescent orange.

3. Kompong Khleang

If you want to venture further, head on to Kampong Khleang which is around 35 km away from Siem Reap. Among the most visited villages at Tonle Sap lake, this is the furthest one. Therefore, it doesn’t have as many tourists as the villages above, which can be appealing if you want a more authentic experience and a more peaceful place.

The village’s population is 10 times that of Kampong Phluk, making it the largest community. There are both floating houses and fixed ones raised on 10m wooden stilts. Many of them are open, so you can see directly inside into the living rooms, which all have their unique family designs. For those who have never seen such things before, it is a truly mind-blowing experience.

A quiet tourist spot of Tonle Sap Lake, Mechrey is a floating village about 15km north of Chong Khneas, and also the entry point to the Prek Toal Bird Sanctuary. The village’s economy is based primarily in fishing, and quite a few farm crocodiles as well. In addition, you can witness floating pig farms, school, gardens,… There is also a fair bit of wild bird life in the area.

It’s often said that the journey is prettier than the destination when it comes to Mechrey. It’s because the road to the village offer a great photographic view. The best time to visit is in late afternoon, when the children come back from school. Floating around, they will smile to you and wave time to time. It’s also when the village is at its best in the sunset light.

Bird-watching at the Prek Toal Bird Sanctuary

As well as the villages, Prek Toal is a must-see location for a kind of nature experience. Located on the Tonle Sap lake, this stunning bird sanctuary is one of the most important breeding grounds for endangered water birds in Southeast Asia. During the peak season (December to April), visitors will find the concentration of thousands of local and migratory birds like Black-headed Ibis, Spot-billed Pelican, Greater and Lesser Adjuncts, Painted Stork, Grey-headed Fish Eagle and many others. What will make you impressed is these birds all have a huge size and build enormous nests.

From the floating village of Chong Kneas, getting to the sanctuary requires you to take a boat to the environment office (around $55 return, one hour each way). From here, a small boat ($35/ person including a park guide) will take you into the sanctuary, which is about one hour beyond. Exploring the Prek Toal Bird Sanctuary makes it one of the most worthwhile things to do besides visiting floating villages.

Best way to visit the floating village at Tonle Sap lake

If you want to do indepedently, it’s able to try a ‘do-it-yourself’ tour. From Siem Riep, you can catch a tuk-tuk to the Chong Khneas docks for about $15 and costs $10 to $20/ person to reach the floating villages by boat. However, it can be a hassle and there are stories of people having problems trying to do it themselves. Because there are a lot of scams out on the lake.

Firstly, you might have to pay as high as $35/ person for a 45 mins – 1.5 hrs boat ride. Moreover, they will tell you sob stories about poor children and sometimes try to get you to a school or orphanage. There, you can be asked to buy 1 or 2 bags of rice for $50 – $60, which will later be sold back to the store. If you pay, the money will not benefit anybody in real need. And finally, the boat guide also ask for a tip at the end of the trip. Fortunately, if you get caught up in this, you can decline all requests.

We therefore strongly recommend you book a tour with the cost ranging from US$35 to 50/ person. Most of tourists actually do this. The tour often offers roundtrip transport in air-conditioned mini vans, lunch and plenty of opportunities to interact with the local residents. The prices are all-inclusive, and the guides make sure you’re not exposed to any scams that befall the independent travellers.

Tonle Sap does not have its own food specialties but you can find delicious dishes at really reasonable rates, for example, breakfast like rice and noodle dishes for only $1.50 USD, meals at lunchtime at a restaurant for around $2 USD or even dinner at mid-range restaurants for only cost $6-9 USD. 

During dinner time, you can find dishes at outdoor markets and street restaurants for as little as $2 USD. If you stick to the street food or buy groceries at a local market and cook your own food, it will be much cheaper and a much more interesting experience than having at a restaurant.

Most of the people visiting Tonle Sap Lake on the day-tour basis from Siem Reap and staying in Siem Reap. Consequently, there is no good accommdation on the lake. The accommodation here is mostly the homestay and low-budget hostel and suitable for the adventurous travelers.

Hence, if you plan to visit the lake, we recommend booking a hotel in Siem Reap with the suitable amenities to enjoy your stay.

Tonle Sap Biosphere Reserve

Life on tonle sap lake, what to do & see, what & where to eat, where to stay.

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The Tonle Sap Lake, fed by the mighty Mekong and the Tonle Sap Rivers, is a vast expanse of water that forms the most significant topographical feature in Cambodia. This ‘Great Lake’ represents a people’s identity and way of life for the thousands of Cambodians who live on the lake and are dependent on the Tonle Sap and its ebbs and flows to maintain life.

There is a whole community here; besides homes, there are police posts, fire station, churches, Buddhist temple, schools, provision stores and a few restaurants as well. This self-sufficient community of the great lake, known commonly as the floating village of Cambodia, draws crowds daily to observe life and to share their time in this wonderful neighbourhood of the great Tonle Sap Lake.

Listed as a Biosphere Reserve with some Areas designated as Ramsar Sites, Tonle Sap has loads to offer the tourist fascinated by the world’s most vibrant ecosystems; the floating villages and the diversity of culture on the lake.

In early June, at the start of the rainy season, the water level of the Mekong River rises to divert part of its flow off its course to the South China Sea and redirect it into the Tonle Sap. This forces the current to reverse direction, beginning a process that by the end of October will see the great lake increasing its size almost tenfold, making it the largest freshwater body in Southeast Asia.

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Provincial Guides

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Guide to Tonle Sap Lake and Floating Villages

When is the best time to see Tonle Sap Lake?

When the water culminates from September to Mid of October, it is pretty much easy for local motor-boats to get around all the way from the piers directly to its floating villages. Things look greener and more interesting river activities can be seen when the boats are cruising pass from one to others. However, the best time still continues until the end of December when the water stays calm and there is no rain from November.

Ideas of floating villages for best travel experience!

Kompong phluk’s stilt-house & mangrove.

Kompong Phluk is famed for its pleasant mangroves where you enjoy the rowing boat going closer to the lines of stilt houses arising from the water about 10m high then continue the canoe goes through the mangroves where you can catch beautiful photos and enjoy the serenity. Resume the boat excursion to visit Tonle Sap, learn about ecosystem, reveal lifestyle on the water and explore the surroundings. The village locates at the edge of Tonle Sap Great Lake which is widely known as the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia, just about 22km (30-40 mins-drive) from central Siem Reap. Tourists can access Kompong Phluk by overland from National Road 6, pass Bakong district onward direct to Kompong Phluk village or it is accessible by taking a local boat from Chong Kneas floating village through Tonle Sap Lake, which takes approx. 1 hour or 1.30 hours depends on the weather.

When is the time to see Kompong Phluk Village?

The best time to visit Kompong Phluk village is from September to January and morning tour is the most appropriate. Note: If you expect to visit any floating villages, you will definitely get disappointed because Kompong Phluk village doesn’t have any floating homes.

Kompong Khleang Stilt-House with Floating Village

Kompong Khleang is the most extensive stilt-house community at the edge of Tonle Sap, renowned for its amazing clusters of high stilt houses and ideally admired by floating village. In 2-3 hours of boat excursion, you can visit both insights of interesting stilt houses & floating homes along with daily fishing/trading activities on rowing boats, learn about ecosystem, lifestyle rely on aquatic resources and observe how people make the lake as home. In the very dry season occurring from February to May, the surrounding of stilt houses is accessible on foot, more ground activities can be explored including vegetable farming, smoked fish making, fixing fishing-net/traps, visiting school, local market trading and so on. However, the boat trip is available for visiting floating village at the other side of Kompong Khleang but keep in mind that the boat will probably get stuck in the mud and you should get the latest update information when you plan to visit Kompong Khleang from middle March to May.

Mechrey Floating Village

Mechrey offers half day experience to see its less touristy floating community of the impressive Tonle Sap Lake whose daily life animated by fishing/trading activities on their rowing boats and learn how life relies on aquatic resources. Local school and Buddhist pagoda are available for strolling around when your boat cruises away 4km from the boat dock. Unfortunately, Mechrey floating village has a limited period of the year for a visit, so make sure you plan to visit this village from September to January. By overland from central Siem Reap City, the journey makes approx. an hour from your hotel, drives along national road 6 to the west of Siem Reap about 12km and with 35 minutes through the dirt road, passing beautiful countryside, rice fields dotting with palm trees where you can have a photostop to capture picturesque photos before reaching Mechrey boat pier.

Chong Kneas Floating Village

Chong Kneas is the largest floating village of Tonle Sap which is popularly occupied by tourists and it is accessible for all year round but the boat trip doesn’t smoothly run through the canal in the very dry season occurring from April to the end of July. However, there is NO choice if you plan to visit Tonle Sap in the very dry season that Mechrey, Kompong Khleang and Kompong Phlu are totally impossible. Chong Kneas is remarked as the nearest floating community of Tonle Sap in Siem Reap, takes approx. 35 minutes by overland from central town and the boat excursion to visit the village and the surrounding is about 1 hours to 2 hours depending on your interest and if you have a local tour guide accompanying you, it will take an hour longer. The primary things to see are river life, fishing activities, selling goods & vegetables on rowing boats, floating school, market – overall it is quite similar to Mechrey & Kompong Khleang floating houses (except stilt houses). Moring, afternoon or late afternoon with sunset option are available per day and it is appropriate short day trip for those who don’t have much time to explore Siem Reap. A full day trip from Chong Kneas combines Kompong Phluk is also a custom-made if you’re really font of discovering Tonle Sap’s ecosystem and its rich biosphere.

There a lot of tourists have had bad experience on Chong Kneas floating village and many bad reviews about scam, cheating, hidden cost, pushing etc. can be found on TripAdvisor and on other giant travel communities. Ideally, Chong Kneas floating village is the last option for those who have a few hours for this trip and those who travel in the very dry season while other floating villages (Kompong Khleang, Mechrey etc.) are not interesting and not accessible due to the water level.

However, you can obviously avoid the scam, hidden cost, cheating and pushing on purchasing things if you book the trip from the right place who provides you accurate information and especially you have to have a local tour guide accompanying you in the boat excursion from the beginning of the tour to the end. While being with a local tour guide, the boat-man daren’t push you to buy anything or even not ask you to pay extra for other services, you will feel comfortable and you only pay one price for your trip to Chong Kneas floating village.

Is driver able to help with this?

If you’re lucky and found a driver who is honest, informative and warn you on what a scam should happen there and he is willing to accompanying you in the boat trip, YES this should be FANTASTIC and very useful. Remember that most of drivers work with boat association to make extra money on selling boat ticket and so on, and most likely drivers will not accompany you because they have to take care of their vehicles while they’re awaiting for you during your journey to Chong Kneas floating village.

Visit Prek Toal Bird Sanctuary from Chong Kneas Village

Locates in Battambang apart of Tonle Sap Lake, Prek Toal is truly famed for its special bird reserve as well as the most important home for hundred species within Tonle Sap Biosphere Reserve, a great lush area houses many endangered water birds including darters, little cormorants, grey herons, greater adjutants, milky & painted storks, black headed ibis, spot billed ducks and other species that yearly migrate from different sites of The Great Lake to gather at Prek Toal sanctuary for breeding during the wet season which gives the best time to observe, learn and witness how those lovely birds are concentratively being protected. The boat excursion provides picturesque views of The Great Lake, passing some floating villages animated by fishing activities, learning from your local tour guide how people make a living on the surface of Tonle Sap Lake while observing rare endangered birdlife in Prek Toal reserve area.

When is it a good time to visit Prek Toal bird sanctuary?

To avoid the disappointment, Prek Toal bird sanctuary can be only visible from middle of November to January when most of water birds including Greater Adjutants, Spot billed Pelican, Lesser Ducks, Comorans, Darters etc. are gathering to seek for food during the end of the breeding period before those migrate to other parts of Tonle Sap Lake. The best time to start is leaving downtown at 7.00am to Tonle Sap dock then embark a private local boat bound for Prek Toal. However, ensure that you should check for the latest update if you plan to explore the specialty of Prek Toal bird sanctuary.

Across Tonle Sap to Phnom Penh or Vice Versa

In full sense to discover the most Tonle Sap Lake & grab the insightful river life, a few nights on River Cruise is the greatest boat journey to see the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia. Capture the stunning river views of Tonle Sap & the mighty Mekong combining picturesque beauty of Cambodia meandering river which is animated by interesting river life, fishing activities and the highlight of floating villages, the gentle cruising on Tonle Sap & Mekong offers the best experience along with fresh breathtaking while unwind yourself on the cabin balcony. Inspiringly, the cruise adventure allows you to interact local people while on foot, your tour guide provides you the best insights of Cambodian lifestyle, experience short ride with fun on ox cart, get blessed by ritual water blessing and admired by tuk tuk to discover the island silk workshop. Your cruise journey will accomplish in Phnom Penh Capital of Cambodia or you can make this journey vice versa.

Last updated 25/11/2023: There is NO any boat companies operating the services.

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Siem Reap’s Tonle Sap Lake: Exploring Cambodia’s Largest Freshwater Lake

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Siem Reap’s Tonle Sap Lake: Your Next Adventure Destination Awaits!

Welcome to the enchanting world of Siem Reap’s  Tonle Sap Lake  – a natural wonder and symbol of Cambodia’s rich biodiversity. As  Southeast Asia’s largest freshwater lake , Tonle Sap is  home to unique ecosystems  teeming with aquatic life, making it an  essential source for local livelihoods  and an  unmissable tourist attraction .

In this blog post, we’ll set sail on an exciting journey exploring this vast body of water, uncovering its diverse habitats, and experiencing authentic Cambodian culture in floating villages along the way.

Key Takeaways

• Key Takeaways:Tonle Sap Lake is the  largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia , supporting over three million people and providing 75 percent of Cambodia’s fish supply.
• Visitors can explore different attractions around the lake, experience local life on the water, and visit floating villages for an immersive cultural experience.
• Preserving Tonle Sap Lake’s unique ecological system is crucial to sustain Cambodia’s food supply chain while protecting biodiversity. Sustainable tourism practices and proper waste management are essential for its preservation.
• Understanding the history and significance of Tonle Sap Lake helps protect its ecosystem diversity. It is also essential as it  holds cultural significance to the Khmer people .

Tonle Sap Lake : Cambodia’s Largest Freshwater Lake

Tonle Sap Lake is the  largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia , providing over 75 percent of Cambodia’s fish supply and supporting more than three million people.

Overview Of The Lake’s Features And Significance

Nestled just 15 kilometers south of Siem Reap town lies Tonle Sap Lake, the  largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia , spanning a staggering 2,700 square kilometers.

Often referred to as Cambodia’s “inner sea,” this remarkable body of water is not only impressive by its sheer size but also due to its unique and  diverse ecological system .

Tonle Sap Lake’s significance goes beyond its economic contributions; it is also home to numerous animal species that contribute to its  rich biodiversity .

With a shoreline that extends about 500 kilometers long and over 110 kilometers wide, this  expansive wetland habitat  provides unrivaled opportunities for visitors seeking memorable cultural experiences and ecotourism adventures.

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Importance Of The Lake’s Ecosystem Diversity And Aquatic Life

Tonle Sap Lake’s ecosystem diversity and aquatic life are crucial components of its significance. The lake’s wetlands provide a  habitat for over 300 species of fish , making it  one of the most productive fisheries in the world .

The lake also serves as a vital  breeding ground and feeding area for numerous bird species , including several endangered ones such as the Greater Adjutant Stork.

Preserving this unique ecological system is critical to sustain Cambodia’s food supply chain while protecting biodiversity. Efforts such as  sustainable tourism practices  and proper waste management can ensure that tourists visiting Siem Reap can explore Tonle Sap Lake without damaging its fragile ecosystem.

Exploring Tonle Sap Lake In Siem Reap

Explore the beauty of Tonle Sap Lake by visiting Siem Reap’s many attractions surrounding the lake, experiencing local life on the water, and taking a trip to floating villages for an immersive cultural experience.

Siem Reap’s Attractions Surrounding The Lake

Siem Reap offers several exciting attractions for visitors to experience while exploring Tonle Sap Lake, including:

• Chong Kneas Floating Village : This traditional fishing village is built on stilts and floating on the lake’s water. Visitors can learn about the daily life of Khmer people living in floating houses and witness the local fishermen catching fish using traditional methods.
• Prek Toal Bird Sanctuary : Located at the northern end of Tonle Sap Lake, this protected area is home to various bird species, including endangered ones such as storks and pelicans. Visitors can take a guided boat tour to spot these beautiful creatures.
• Kompong Phluk Floating Village : This village is situated on the eastern side of Tonle Sap Lake and features tall mangrove trees growing in brackish water. Visitors can explore the area by taking a small wooden boat ride through the floating village and mangrove forest.
• Angkor Archaeological Park : While not directly related to Tonle Sap Lake, this UNESCO World Heritage site is only a short distance from Siem Reap town. It is one of Southeast Asia’s most significant archaeological sites, featuring stunning temples such as Angkor Wat and Bayon.
• Beng Mealea Temple : Another temple ruin located about 40 km east of Siem Reap town provides a quieter alternative to the bustling  Angkor Archaeological Park . Visitors can explore Beng Mealea’s impressive temples surrounded by jungle without large crowds.

These attractions around Tonle Sap Lake explain Cambodia’s cultural significance and provide unique experiences for tourists visiting Siem Reap area while promoting  sustainable tourism practices  that would preserve Cambodian culture, ecology diversity and support local communities that depend on freshwater sources like Tonle Sap Lake.

Afternoon Siem Reap floating village tour [All included Siem Reap floating village Kampong Phluk Private guided tour]

Experiencing The Life Of Locals On The Lake

Exploring Tonle Sap Lake in Siem Reap is not complete without experiencing the local life of those residing on and around the lake. Visitors can see firsthand how the Khmer people live their day-to-day lives, like  fishing, farming, and cooking .

The  floating villages  are a must-visit for anyone interested in Cambodian culture. The villages teem with activity as locals carry out various tasks such as gardening, weaving, or repairing boats.

The people living near Tonle Sap Lake have adapted to survive seasonal flooding by building  stilted homes  that rise above water levels during monsoons.

During these times when access routes become submerged under water, visitors can only reach these areas through small boats that navigate through narrow passes created by mangroves growing along the riverbanks.

Visiting Floating Villages And Cultural Experiences

Visiting the floating villages around Tonle Sap Lake offers a  unique cultural experience , providing insight into the daily lives of the Khmer people who call the lake home. Here are some activities you can enjoy while exploring the floating villages:

• Take a boat tour and visit a local fishing village to learn about  traditional fishing practices  and see how locals live on the water.
• Explore the  Prek Toal Bird Sanctuary , which is home to various bird species, such as pelicans, storks, and ibises.
• Visit Chong Kneas for an immersive experience of a floating market selling fresh produce, handmade crafts, and souvenirs.
• Witness traditional cultural performances that showcase Cambodia’s dance and musical heritage.
• Learn about life in floating schools where children attend classes on boats due to their remote location.

Visiting these floating villages also contributes to sustainable tourism efforts by supporting local communities that rely on tourism income and encouraging responsible travel practices.

Preservation And Sustainable Tourism

Understanding the history and significance of Tonle Sap Lake is crucial in protecting its ecosystem diversity. As visitors, we are responsible for encouraging responsible and sustainable tourism practices that will safeguard this natural wonder for future generations.

Understanding The History And Significance Of The Lake

Tonle Sap Lake has been an  essential part of Cambodia’s history and development , providing water for irrigation and fishing for the Khmer people for centuries.

The lake’s unique ecosystem has allowed it to sustain a wide range of aquatic life, which provides livelihoods for millions of Cambodians today.

The lake features prominently in many local myths and legends, with some stories dating back to ancient times. For example, one myth tells how Tonle Sap was a vast plain before a group of animals dug out a canal connecting it to the Mekong River.

Over time this canal widened into what we now know as the Tonle Sap River, which runs through Phnom Penh city before flowing into the lake itself.

Today, visitors can explore the ecological wonderland and learn about its social significance by visiting local villages around its shores or taking a boat ride on its waters with locals who have called this place home for generations.

The Need To Preserve And Protect The Lake’s Ecology

Tonle Sap Lake’s  unique and diverse ecological system  is under threat due to human activity, pollution, and climate change. The lake’s wetlands, fisheries, and biodiversity are vital for the local communities’ livelihoods and the country’s economy.

Conservation efforts must focus on sustainable tourism practices and responsible fishing methods that do not harm the aquatic life or disrupt the ecosystem. With over three million people dependent on the lake for their livelihoods, promoting ecotourism that helps protect Tonle Sap Lake while supporting local businesses is essential.

Focusing on reducing pollution levels will also contribute significantly to preserving Tonle Sap Lake’s ecological value- a considerable challenge given Cambodia’s economic growth trajectory in recent years.

Ultimately preservation requires a  collaborative approach from all stakeholders involved : government officials establishing policies, fishermen adopting sustainable practices, tourists making informed decisions when visiting Siem Reap to leave only footprints behind – these collective actions will help preserve Cambodia’s largest freshwater lake for many more generations of Khmer people living in this beautiful region of Southeast Asia whose culture has been shaped by this historic body of water.Tonle Sap Lake is a precious part of Cambodian heritage as well as an essential component of Southeast Asia’s freshwater ecosystems, so ensuring its safeguarding should be a priority for all who wish to visit or benefit from its resources today or tomorrow.

Encouraging Responsible And Sustainable Tourism Practices

To preserve the ecological diversity of Tonle Sap Lake, it is essential to encourage responsible and sustainable tourism practices. Here are some ways to achieve that goal:

• Support local businesses : When traveling to Siem Reap and Tonle Sap Lake,  support local businesses  such as eateries, souvenir shops, and accommodation providers. This can help boost the local economy and ensure that tourism benefits the community.
• Use  eco-friendly tour operators : Choose environmentally friendly tour operators who follow sustainable tourism practices. Such measures include minimizing plastic waste, leaving no trace on tours, utilizing alternative energy sources where possible, supporting conservation efforts and promoting cultural education.
• Respect cultural traditions : Respect Cambodia’s traditions by dressing appropriately when visiting temples or participating in cultural activities. Always act with respect towards locals and be mindful of their customs.
• Avoid damaging habitats : When visiting Tonle Sap Lake’s floating villages or other ecosystems surrounding the lake, avoid causing damage by not littering or taking souvenirs from nature or biosphere reserves.
• Follow park rules : If visiting any national parks or protected areas around Tonle Sap Lake, ensure that you adhere to park guidelines for all visitors – including staying on established parks and avoiding placing a strain on natural resources like food supplies.

By advocating responsible and sustainable tourism practices at Tonle Sap Lake in Siem Reap town, we can help protect its natural beauty for future generations while supporting economic development for Cambodian communities near this freshwater seascape.

Tonle Sap Lake in Siem Reap is a true gem of Southeast Asia, with its unique ecosystem and significance to the local community. As visitors continue to explore and appreciate this stunning freshwater lake, it’s crucial to remember the importance of preserving its delicate balance for future generations.

Morning Siem Reap to Kompong Khleang floating village tour [All included private village and floating village tour]

The Beauty And Cultural Significance Of Tonle Sap Lake

Tonle Sap Lake is a natural wonder and holds  immense cultural significance . The lake’s serene and picturesque environment, coupled with the Khmer people’s traditional way of life, creates an unforgettable experience for visitors.

The reflection of floating houses on calm water becomes unforgettable scenery. The essence of Buddhism can be seen across all villages surrounding the lake too. Besides its  ecological system, diversity  and  abundant aquatic life  are fascinating to watch, making it one of Cambodia’s most treasured tourist attractions.

The Importance Of Preserving The Lake For Future Generations.

Preserving Tonle Sap Lake’s ecological system is vital for the sustainability of Cambodia’s fishing economy and maintaining its biodiversity. The lake’s delicate ecosystem has been threatened in recent years due to climate change, overfishing, deforestation, and pollution.

To preserve Tonle Sap Lake for future generations, there needs to be a concerted effort towards mitigating these threats and promoting sustainable tourism practices.

For instance,  reducing plastic waste around the lake  can help keep it clean while  supporting community-led initiatives that promote ecotourism activities  such as birdwatching or boating can help educate tourists about the significance of conservation efforts.

Siem Reap’s Tonle Sap Lake FAQs

What makes tonle sap lake in siem reap, cambodia special.

Tonle Sap Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia and provides essential resources for Cambodian communities living along its shores. It’s also an incredibly biodiverse ecosystem that supports over 300 fish species and countless other flora and fauna forms.

How can I explore Tonle Sap Lake while visiting Siem Reap?

Visitors to Siem Reap can take boat tours from nearby villages or book private excursions to experience the beauty and cultural significance of Tonle Sap Lake firsthand. These tours often include stops at floating villages where visitors can learn about traditional fishing methods and unique ways of life on the water.

Are there any environmental concerns surrounding Tonle Sap Lake?

Like many natural wonders around the world, Tonle Sap faces several environmental challenges, such as pollution, overfishing, and habitat loss due to development pressures. Efforts are underway by local organizations to protect this fragile ecosystem through initiatives like waste management programs and sustainable aquaculture practices.

Can I go swimming in Tonle Sap Lake?

While jumping into the refreshing waters of Tonle Sap on a hot day may be tempting, it’s generally not recommended for safety reasons as some areas may have strong currents or unseen hazards below the surface. Additionally, some parts of the lake may be polluted or contain harmful bacteria that could pose health risks to swimmers without proper precautions taken beforehand.

• Tonle Sap Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia, located about 15 kilometers south of Siem Reap town.
• The lake supports over three million people and provides over 75 percent of Cambodia’s fish supply, making it one of the most productive fishing lakes in the world.
• Tonle Sap Lake is not only the largest freshwater lake in Cambodia but also in the whole of Southeast Asia.
• The lake features a unique and diverse ecological system, making it a significant attraction in Siem Reap.
• Tonle Sap Lake stretches across the northwest section of Cambodia, as seen on the country’s map.
• The lake is often referred to as the “inner sea” of Cambodia, and its size can change significantly.
• The area of Tonle Sap Lake is approximately 2700 square kilometers.
• The lakeside plain surrounding Tonle Sap Lake is flat and broad, spanning 500 kilometers in length and over 110 kilometers in width.
• The lake is home to various animal species, contributing to its biodiversity.
• Tonle Sap Lake is a popular tourist destination in Siem Reap, attracting visitors who wish to explore and experience Cambodia’s largest freshwater lake.
• https://factsanddetails.com/southeast-asia/Cambodia/sub5_2f/entry-3506.html
• https://www.aquaexpeditions.com/blog/mekong/life-on-the-tonle-sap/
• https://asianwaytravel.com/tonle-sap-lake/
• https://planetofhotels.com/guide/en/cambodia/siem-reap/tonle-sap-lake

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Tonle sap – insider’s guide to the great lake in siem reap.

Tonle Sap is the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia and is a famous tourist attraction in Siem Reap Tours , Cambodia. The Tonle Sap Lake has the world’s most diverse ecosystem, with a large number of different wildlife species, helping maintain and develop the ancient Khmer civilization. Tonle Sap is also attracted by the local communities as well as their floating villages and exploring the lake will absolutely worth your while in your Cambodia tour package .

Tonle Sap Lake Map

Tonle Sap is an irrigation system that combines rivers and lakes. Tonle Sap is the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia, in 1997 it was recognized as a world biosphere reserve by UNESCO. The lake has a large area, 250 km long and 100 km wide, making the lake look like an inland ocean because it cannot see the opposite shore from it. The water level is quite shallow, with a maximum depth of only 10 meters, but in the rainy season can hold up to 80 km3 of water.

Tonle Sap Lake is about 25km from Siem Reap center. During the dry season (October to May), the lake is less watery, shallower and narrower, with a depth of only 1m, the reservoir area is only 10,000 km2. But in the rainy season starting in June, the Mekong floods into the Tonle Sap, causing the sea level to rise, the lake area increases to 16,000 km2, deep to 9m, and can flood the fields and forests in the near area.

Tonle Sap Lake Ecosystem

The change of season of Tonle Sap makes it has a rich ecosystem. Fishing is the livelihood of 3 million riparians and provides up to 75% of freshwater fish production to Cambodian people.

Surrounding the lake is a concentrated community of Vietnamese and Cham, living in floating villages (living on the boat) on the lake. Thanks to the Tonle Sap, the Mekong has partially reduced floods in the rainy season while in the dry season, 50% of the Mekong River’s water is also fed by Tonle Sap.

Tonle Sap Lake Floating Villages

There are many floating villages around Tonle Sap Lake and each village has its own unique. Most villages rely on the lake’s natural resources for fishing and drinking water. Although it is possible to try a “do-it-yourself” tour, this can cause you some trouble. So, Go Cambodia Tours recommends that you book a tour, which includes round-trip tickets, lunches, and more opportunities to meet with local residents. Here are the four main floating villages that you can visit.

Chong Khneas

This is the nearest floating village from Siem Reap and the most visited by tourists. In the rainy season, Chong Khneas is completely floating on the water, houses, shops, schools,… all floating on the water. Tourism in Chong Khneas currently tends to be commercialized, but it is still worth to visit. Guests can spend a lot of time at the Gecko Environment Center or souvenir shops to buy gifts for their Cambodia trip.

Kampong Phluk

In the Kampong Phluk village, the houses are built on tall pillars. In the dry season, the houses look taller and drier, along the narrow road. When the water level is high, the village is actually a floating village with houses floating on the river. This is also where you can take a boat ride through the flooded forest so it attracts a lot of visitors to visit.

Kampong Khleang

Spending 2 hours traveling by boat from Siem Reap by Phnom Krom boat, Kampong Khleang floating village consists of a floating village outside, and a village with a high roof inside. Kampong Khleang has the largest population compared to other floating villages on the Tonle Sap Lake. Nevertheless, Kampong Khleang has few visitors because of its remote location.

Prek Toal is a smaller floating village than any other village, which is the starting point for birds watching tours to the Prek Toal core area of the Tonle Sap Biosphere Reserve. This is the habitat of many endangered species of birds are protected. Guests can stay overnight here, however, the hostel is not very comfortable.

Tonle Sap Lake Travel Guide

Best time to visit tonle sap lake.

In the dry season, the water in Tonle Sap falls into the Mekong. At that time, the stilt houses became taller and drier, while the floating villages had to move further into the middle of the lake. The surrounding forests also dry up and thus cannot reach the bird sanctuary.

In contrast, during the rainy season (June – October), the huge amount of water flowing from the Mekong River combined with the upstream water causes the volume of Tonle Sap to increase five times compared to the dry season, causing flooding the delta and the surrounding forests, creating an extremely rich and diverse ecosystem. If you want to visit the bird sanctuary, the best time is from December to April.

How to Get to Tonle Sap Lake

The Tonle Sap Lake is about 30 minutes’ drive from the center of Siem Reap city, and you can choose to take a bus to the estuary or ride a bike on the shore.

Discovering on Tonle Sap Lake by a boat trip will be a memorable experience of your Cambodia tour , do not miss!

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Exploring the Enchantment of Tonle Sap Lake: A Journey Through Southeast Asia’s Largest Freshwater Lake

Tonle Sap Lake, Southeast Asia’s largest freshwater lake, is a captivating destination that showcases the harmonious relationship between nature and human existence. This UNESCO Biosphere Reserve offers visitors a unique and diverse experience, from its dynamic ecosystem to the vibrant floating villages that adapt to its ever-changing waters. Embark on a journey through Tonle Sap Lake and discover a world where culture, tradition, and nature unite in perfect harmony

The Magnificence of Tonle Sap Spanning over 2,500 square kilometers, Tonle Sap Lake is a true natural wonder. Its immense size and pronounced seasonal fluctuations set the stage for a mesmerizing spectacle. During the rainy season, the lake expands, filling up to five times its original size, and reversing its flow to feed the Mekong River. This natural phenomenon transforms Tonle Sap into a hub of biodiversity, where an abundance of plants, birds, fish, and other wildlife thrive.

The Floating Villages Nestled along the lake’s shores, the floating villages showcase the ingenuity and adaptability of the local communities. These stilted or floating houses rise and fall with the changing water levels, providing a unique way of life that revolves around fishing, farming, and handicrafts. Pay a visit to enchanting villages like Chong Kneas, Kampong Phluk, Mechrey, and Kampong Khleang, and immerse yourself in the captivating daily routines, traditions, and cultures of the local residents.

Exploring Tonle Sap Lake To embark on this unforgettable adventure, several options are available from Siem Reap. Travel by bus, tuk-tuk, or bike to the nearest dock, where you can board a boat ready to guide you through the picturesque river and lake. During the boat trip, you will be rewarded with breathtaking views of the lake’s vast expanse, encounter the rich wildlife that calls it home, and gain insight into the thriving local culture.

Planning Your Visit To make the most of your visit, keep these tips in mind:

• Ideal Time: The rainy season, from May to October, offers the best opportunity to witness Tonle Sap Lake in all its scenic glory. The fuller water levels create a spectacle that perfectly showcases the dynamic nature of the lake.
• Ethical Tourism: Choose a tour operator that values the privacy and dignity of the local communities. Support responsible tourism practices that contribute to community development and conservation efforts.
• Cultural Sensitivity: Respect the unique culture and traditions of the local people. Seek permission before taking photographs of individuals or their homes, ensuring that you engage with the community in a mutually respectful manner.
• Essential Accessories: Prepare for the elements by bringing sunscreen, a hat, sunglasses, insect repellent, and plenty of water. The sun and heat can be intense on the lake, and it’s essential to protect yourself from the elements.

Tonle Sap Lake offers a fascinating journey that celebrates the intricate tapestry of nature, culture, and community. As the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia, it captivates visitors with its ever-changing landscape, diverse ecosystem, and enchanting floating villages. Embark on an adventure to this UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, and be prepared to be amazed by the beauty, cultural richness, and captivating wildlife that await you.

“In the heart of Southeast Asia, Tonle Sap Lake showcases nature’s incredible ability to adapt and thrive. Its dynamic ecosystem and the resilience of the local communities living on its shores is a testament to the intricate balance of life and the remarkable beauty that exists in this world.”

Surya Narayan

Buddhism in business: applying positive principles for success, empowering cambodian youth: anjali house’s mission to shape futures, you may also like, khmer new year: a joyous celebration of culture and tradition in cambodia, preah thong and neang neak statue: a majestic symbol of khmer heritage, tourism at the forefront of cambodia’s socio-economic development: initiatives and prospects under prime minister’s..., the rhythmic essence of cambodia: the coconut dance, cambodia: a rising star on the global map of spiritual and wellness destinations, discover pursat province: cambodia’s untouched gem, leave a comment cancel reply.

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Discovering Siem Reap’s Hidden Gem: A Comprehensive Review of Tonle Sap Lake & Floating Villages

Siem Reap, located in northwestern Cambodia, is famous for its stunning temples, including the renowned Angkor Wat. However, beyond the ancient ruins lies a hidden gem waiting to be discovered – Tonle Sap Lake and its enchanting floating villages. In this comprehensive review, we will delve into the geography and significance of Tonle Sap Lake, explore the unique lifestyle of the floating villages, and provide a detailed review of Chong Kneas, Kampong Phluk, Kampong Khleang, and Mechrey floating villages. Whether you’re a nature lover, a cultural enthusiast, or an adventure seeker, Tonle Sap Lake and its floating villages offer an unforgettable experience.

A Look into Tonle Sap Lake: Geography and Significance

Tonle Sap Lake, often referred to as the “Great Lake” of Cambodia, is a vast freshwater lake located in the heart of the country. Covering an area of approximately 2,700 square kilometers during the dry season, the lake expands to an astonishing 16,000 square kilometers during the monsoon season, making it the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia. The unique feature of Tonle Sap Lake lies in its hydraulic system, where the flow of the Tonle Sap River changes direction twice a year due to the monsoon rains. This phenomenon, known as the “Great Tonle Sap Lake Floodplain,” sustains a rich biodiversity and supports the livelihoods of millions of people.

The Unique Lifestyle of Tonle Sap Lake Floating Villages

The floating villages of Tonle Sap Lake are home to a vibrant community of people who have adapted to the ever-changing nature of the lake. These villages, built on stilts or floating platforms, offer a glimpse into a way of life that is intricately connected to the water. The residents of the floating villages are predominantly fishermen and farmers, relying on the lake’s resources for their survival. As you navigate through the narrow waterways, you will witness the daily activities of the villagers – children rowing their way to school, women selling fresh produce from their floating market boats, and men repairing their fishing nets. The floating villages provide a fascinating insight into a world where land and water blend seamlessly.

Detailed Review of Chong Kneas Floating Village

Chong Kneas is perhaps the most well-known floating village near Siem Reap. Situated just a short distance from the city, it is easily accessible for tourists. Upon arrival, you will be greeted by a bustling community of floating houses, schools, and even a floating basketball court. While Chong Kneas has its charm, it has become increasingly commercialized over the years. Visitors can take boat tours to explore the village, interact with the locals, and witness their way of life. However, it is important to be aware that some tours may exploit the villagers for tourism purposes. It is advisable to choose responsible tour operators who prioritize the well-being of the community.

Exploring Kampong Phluk Floating Village

Located approximately 30 kilometers southeast of Siem Reap, Kampong Phluk offers a more authentic and less touristy experience compared to Chong Kneas. Accessible by boat, this floating village is nestled amidst a beautiful mangrove forest. As you glide through the tranquil waters, you will be greeted by stilted houses that rise above the lake. One of the highlights of Kampong Phluk is the towering flooded forest during the wet season. The sight of the submerged trees creates a surreal and ethereal ambiance. Exploring the village on foot allows you to witness the everyday life of the villagers, observe their fishing techniques, and even visit the local Buddhist temple. Kampong Phluk provides a genuine glimpse into the lives of the resilient people who call this floating village their home.

Why Kampong Khleang Floating Village is a Must-Visit

For those seeking a truly immersive experience, Kampong Khleang is a must-visit floating village. Situated approximately 55 kilometers east of Siem Reap, Kampong Khleang offers a unique opportunity to witness the authentic lifestyle of the villagers. The village is known for its towering stilted houses, some reaching up to ten meters in height. These houses protect during the monsoon season when the water level rises significantly. Kampong Khleang is also renowned for its vibrant and colorful floating markets, where villagers gather to buy and sell their goods. From fresh produce to handmade crafts, the market offers a sensory delight. Exploring Kampong Khleang will leave you with a deep appreciation for the resilience and resourcefulness of the people who have built their lives on the water.

The Tranquil Beauty of Mechrey Floating Village

Nestled on the eastern side of Tonle Sap Lake, Mechrey is a hidden gem that offers a tranquil escape from the bustling tourist spots. This floating village provides a serene and less crowded experience, allowing visitors to immerse themselves in the peaceful ambiance of the lake. Mechrey is known for its picturesque landscapes, where rice fields meet the shimmering waters. The villagers of Mechrey primarily rely on fishing and farming for their livelihood. Exploring the village by boat allows you to witness the stunning sunset over the lake, creating a magical and unforgettable experience. If you crave tranquility and a deeper connection with nature, Mechrey is the ideal destination.

Comparing and Contrasting the Floating Villages

While each floating village offers a unique experience, it is interesting to compare and contrast their characteristics. Chong Kneas, being the closest to Siem Reap, is easily accessible but has become more touristy over time. Kampong Phluk, on the other hand, provides a more authentic experience and is known for its flooded forest. Kampong Khleang stands out with its towering stilted houses and vibrant floating markets, while Mechrey offers a peaceful and serene escape. Each village has its charm and appeals to different preferences. Exploring multiple floating villages allows you to gain a comprehensive understanding of the unique lifestyle and cultural richness of the people who call Tonle Sap Lake their home.

Best Time to Visit Floating Villages in Siem Reap

The best time to visit the floating villages of Siem Reap is during the dry season, which runs from November to May. During this period, the water level is significantly lower, allowing for a closer look at the structures and daily activities of the villagers. The dry season also offers pleasant weather, making it ideal for boat trips and exploration. However, if you wish to witness the breathtaking flooded forest and experience the vibrant atmosphere of the floating markets, visiting during the wet season from June to October is recommended. It is important to note that heavy rainfall may affect accessibility to some villages, so it is advisable to check the local conditions before planning your visit.

Travel Tips for Visiting Tonle Sap Lake and its Floating Villages

• Choose Responsible Tour Operators: When booking a tour to the floating villages, opt for operators that prioritize sustainable and responsible tourism practices. This ensures that the local communities are not exploited for tourism purposes and that your visit has a positive impact on their livelihoods.
• Respect the Local Culture: When visiting the floating villages, it is important to respect the local culture and traditions. Dress modestly, ask for permission before taking photographs of individuals, and be mindful of your actions to avoid causing any offense.
• Be Prepared for Basic Facilities: The floating villages may have limited facilities, including basic sanitation and electricity. It is advisable to carry essentials such as sunscreen, insect repellent, and drinking water. Additionally, be prepared for basic toilet facilities during your visit.
• Support the Local Economy: When purchasing souvenirs or goods from the floating markets, consider buying directly from the villagers. This ensures that your money goes directly to the local community, supporting their livelihoods.
• Embrace the Experience: Visiting the floating villages is a unique and immersive experience. Embrace the opportunity to learn about a different way of life, interact with the locals, and appreciate the natural beauty of Tonle Sap Lake.

Conclusion: The Unforgettable Experience of Tonle Sap Lake & Floating Villages

Tonle Sap Lake and its floating villages offer a captivating journey into a world where land and water intertwine. From the bustling commercialism of Chong Kneas to the authentic charm of Kampong Phluk, the towering houses of Kampong Khleang to the tranquil beauty of Mechrey, each floating village has its own allure. Whether you’re intrigued by the rich biodiversity, fascinated by the resilient lifestyle of the villagers, or simply seeking a unique travel experience, a visit to Tonle Sap Lake and its floating villages is an unforgettable adventure. Immerse yourself in the vibrant culture, witness the daily activities of the locals, and let the serene beauty of the lake leave an indelible mark on your heart. Discover Siem Reap’s hidden gem and embark on a journey like no other.

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A Guide To Tonle Sap Lake

What is Tonle Sap Lake?

Tonle Sap is the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia. A vast body of water in northwest Cambodia , 3 million people live on or around the Tonle Sap and make their living from fishing and farming. The lake’s fishing industry is key to the country’s diet and economy. In fact, Tonle Sap Lake is one of the biggest sources of freshwater fish on the planet.

Located in the Lower Mekong Basin , the Tonle Sap Lake joins with the 120 km long Tonle Sap River which in turn flows into the Mekong River . Water levels in the Mekong – which vary according to the season – directly affect the direction of flow in the Tonle Sap River. The phenomenon known as flow reversal sees the Tonle Sap River flowing for six months of the year in one direction and the remaining six months in the opposing direction, according to the season (wet/dry).

Tonle Sap boats

The amount of water in the lake – and thus its size – varies greatly depending on the season. Wet season (beginning in May/June) sees the Mekong River system fill with water, flooding the lake and its plains. The lake grows to 10,000 square km or more and has a depth of 14 meters (46 feet). Water levels are at their highest in September and October before the dry season begins in November. In the dry season, the lake measures about 2800 km squared and are just 1 to 2 meters deep (3 to 6 feet).

A UNESCO biosphere reserve , the lake is inhabited by a multitude of fish species, including the rare Mekong Giant Catfish . You can also find reptiles, snakes, and endangered bird species, as well as abundant plant life. The surrounding area of the lake features fertile soil, a variety of vegetation, and an area of freshwater mangroves known as the flooded forest.

Village on the lake

Where is Tonle Sap Lake?

Tonle Sap Lake is located 15 km south of Siem Reap and extends southeast towards Cambodia’s capital, Phnom Penh. Tours can easily be arranged from Siem Reap, and it takes around 45 minutes by tuk-tuk down dusty dirt roads to reach the boat port at Chong Khneas. This is the Angkor Archeological Park area and when you’re visiting the Angkor Wat and other temples, it’s worth it taking one day to experience the Tonle Sap fascinating world. Some Mekong cruises also enter the lake in the high water season, visiting villages and farms on the lake.

What to do at Tonle Sap Lake

On Tonle Sap Lake tours you can visit one (or more!) of the many floating villages situated on the lake and learn how the locals live. You can go about your trip independently but beware as many who choose this option are overcharged for their tickets and hassled for money throughout their trip. The safer and best option is to book a tour of the lake and its floating villages.

Popular villages to visit are the following:

• Chong Khneas: The gateway to Tonle Sap, this accessible village is a prime tourist destination. Most of its inhabitants are in fact Vietnamese. Take a tour of Chong Khneas or catch a boat to one of the other floating villages.
• Prek Toal: A small floating village 2 hours by boat from Chong Khneas. Here you can see flooded forests and many bird species. There is a bird sanctuary and bird watching tours to enjoy.·
• Kampong Phluk: This Khmer village is built on giant stilts which are submerged during monsoon season. From here you can visit the flooded mangrove forest .
• Kampong Khleang: Less frequented by tourists due to its 2.5-hour distance from the main port of Chong Khneas, Kampong Khleang has the largest population of all the floating villages.

Trips often end with a sunset experience on the Tonle Sap, the sun gleaming and warm on the lake’s vast, shimmering waters.

Stilted houses on the lake

When to visit Tonle Sap Lake

To see the lake in all its glory, visit during the rainy season which runs from June to October. Plains and forests flood, wildlife is abundant, and villages magically float high on the water. Tonle Sap can also be visited in dry season, but the experience is much less spectacular. Moreover, some trips to floating villages located further out may be restricted or involve a mix of land and water travel.

Note: If you have a particular interest in visiting the bird sanctuaries then the months of December to February are best. Birds gather here in flocks as waters dry up in other areas. Logistically, visiting later than February may entail complications as sites access is reduced due to low water levels.

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A Guide to The Tonlé Sap River

The Tonle Sap River is the lifeblood of Cambodia, pulsing through the country from Siem Reap to Phnom Penh. This natural phenomenon is also the only river in the world whose tide changes annually. Here is everything you need to know about the Tonle Sap.

Thin wooden fishing boats gently slice through the water, a web of nets trailing in their wake. Fishermen sit hunched at the bow, waiting to anchor at a prime spot to catch a good haul. On the banks, water buffalos wade through flooded fields flanked by shimmering emerald paddies occasionally punctuated by the silhouette of a stilted house.

These are common scenes to be found along the Tonle Sap River, which despite its 120km length is an almighty force. Branching off the Tonle Sap Lake , the river pumps life throughout Cambodia , with its fish providing more than 50% of the population’s protein intake. Be it fish for food and trade, water for farming, or nutrition for fertile land, this great ecosystem is pivotal to life in the country.

The Great Tonle Sap

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With fishermen landing more than 400,000 tons of fish out of the Tonle Sap Lake annually, it is Southeast Asia’s largest freshwater lake. In 1997 it was designated a UNESCO biosphere reserve . The lake also stands as one of the richest inland fishing areas in the world, home to 149 fish species including (despite its name), the Mekong giant catfish .

Hundreds of bird species nest at the Tonle Sap Lake, 11 of which are globally threatened and six are near-threatened species. Many can be found at Preak Toal Core Reserve, run by Sam Veasna Center. These include painted storks, greater adjutants, grey-headed fish eagles and the masked finfoot.

A remarkable natural phenomenon

What makes the Tonle Sap even more remarkable is that the flow of the river changes direction every year. During monsoon season, swelling waters from the Mekong River (which meet the Tonle Sap in Phnom Penh), hammer against the Tonle’s flow. The might of the Mekong is so strong that it reverses the flow of the water, pushing it back upstream and into the lake.

This incredible natural phenomenon sees the lake rise by up to tenfold in some places, where the water increases from one to 10-metres deep. As dry season creeps in and the water starts to ebb, the Tonle Sap flows back towards the capital, significantly emptying out the lake.

The annual Water festival , or Bon Om Touk, displays the significant role the Tonle Sap plays in the lives of locals. This three-day festival takes in colourful boat races on the Tonle Sap in Phnom Penh, including celebrations, concerts and fireworks, marking the end of monsoon season and welcoming in the harvest moon. It also celebrates the reversal of the Tonle Sap River.

Floating villages

It isn’t just nature that calls the Tonle Sap Lake home – settlements of floating villages also dot the expansive mass of water. Predominantly ethnic Vietnamese, these communities live out their lives on the lake. Floating schools, clinics, temples and houses bob on the water, accessible only by boat.

With many of the villages inflicted by poverty, tourism has become a tool to provide them with a sustainable form of income. Today, several of the villages can be visited as part of community-led boat tours, sunset cruises, homestays and other initiatives. Kampong Phluk , home to about 5,000 residents, is one of the most popular on the tourist trail. Kampong Khleang is another alternative that is more off the beaten track.

Troubled waters

Grave fears have been raised over the future of the Tonle Sap, and what this spells for Cambodians. Environmental issues such as climate change pose a threat, alongside manmade challenges such as over-fishing, deforestation, agriculture, mining and dam construction.

Fears over the Tonle Sap’s future are so grave that environmentalist organisations are calling for urgent measures to be taken to save the waters that Cambodians rely so heavily on.

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The floating villages at Tonle Sap Lake have become something of an interest for tourists visiting Siem Reap. The fascination with people who live in floating houses, travel to floating schools and eat at floating restaurants is quite an attraction for the many visitors that come to Cambodia.

As well as the floating villages, there are also stilted villages along the banks of Tonle Sap Lake, where houses and buildings rest on tall, thin stilts that keep the occupants dry during the wet season, with giant ladders to reach the lower levels during the dry season.

Floating Villages

Several communities of people are living on the Tonle Sap Lake. There are four main villages that are accessible from Siem Reap and a variety of ways to get there. The villages: Chong Kneas, Mechrey, Kampong Phluk and Kampong Khleang are described in detail below.

Chong Kneas

Chong Kneas is the closest village to access from Siem Reap, approximately 16 km from town. Consisting of stilted houses and also floating houses, which are regularly moved around according to water levels. Chong Kneas is also the boat terminal for Battambang and Phnom Penh .

Due to the influx of tourists, Chong Kneas may not offer the most authentic floating village experience in the region. If you’re seeking a more off-the-beaten-track adventure, keep reading for other options. Nevertheless, Chong Kneas remains a worthwhile choice for witnessing the daily routines of local families engaged in fishing, farming, and souvenir crafting. Numerous boat tours are available, and we highly recommend the Tara River Boat cruise as our top pick. While visiting Chong Kneas, take advantage of the opportunity to explore Phnom Krom , a nearby hill housing an ancient Angkorian temple and a vibrant Buddhist pagoda; And offering stunning sunset views over Tonle Sap Lake.

Kampong Phluk

Kampong Phluk, which literally means “harbour of the tusks”, is actually 3 villages, with mainly stilted houses , that line the main entrance to the Tonle Sap Lake from this area. It’s just over 30km from Siem Reap and can be easily managed in a half day trip . The community sustain themselves mainly on catching fish and shrimp, but also harvest some land crops during the dry season.

The road trip and also the river trip are relatively short compared to some of the other villages. A private company will ferry you through the village to the lake as that is the main destination. There aren’t any activities that tourists normally can do in Kampong Phluk as this is a working village and most of the people are focused on their own industry, quite separate to the tourism industry buzzing past their doors.

Literally going right past the houses of the locals can be interesting to view another way of life, but it can feel quite invasive as well, especially knowing these residents aren’t either involved in or receiving any benefit from the industry. However, nearby there are small boats that can take you around the mangroves, or flooded forest , which is a more authentic experience. There are also a few floating restaurants and stopping here also supports some of the local tourism industry.

Kampong Khleang

Kampong Khleang, literally meaning “harbour warehouse”, is a permanent stilted village  around 50km southeast of Siem Reap. This village is the furthest away from Siem Reap of the villages often visited on the Tonle Sap Lake. As such, it doesn’t have the same volume of tourists visiting, which can be appealing if you want a more genuine experience and a more relaxed pace.

Kampong Khleang has both stilted and floating houses, as well as many other buildings to sustain this large community of approximately 6,000 people. The floating houses are moved according to the water levels of the Tonle Sap Lake. During the dry season, the houses are more or less on the lake’s edge.

The boat service here is owned and run by locals , meaning your money is supporting the local community. It’s also possible to make your own way there by tuk tuk and hiring a boat once you arrive, giving you more flexibility with timing. An alternative is to pre-book your boat tour with Tara River Boat , a reputable and environmentally-conscious tour company that has been organizing tours on Tonle Sap Lake for over two decades.

Mechrey floating village is located 25km southwest of Siem Reap and approximately half way to Prek Toal ; also a floating village and the entry point into the Prek Toal Core Bird Reserve . Mechrey’s community lives from fishing, and more recently, the development of eco-tours.

As a newcomer to the tourism market, things are pretty grassroots level. However, many of the methods applied in other villages are evident in Mechrey – such as offering tourists the opportunity to buy rice for local orphans. Whilst this may seem like a kind and generous thing to do while travelling, it’s often causing more harm that help – think twice before donating in this way, it can be much more beneficial to donate money to a reputable organisation, like The Lake Clinic who provide medical support to communities on the Tonle Sap Lake.

It’s often said that the journey is prettier than the destination when it comes to Mechrey, however if the experience you seek is ‘real life’ then this is it.

Best Way to Visit a Floating Village

Research thoroughly before you go, there are a few pitfalls in visiting the villages on the Tonle Sap Lake.

Reputable Tour Operators

First of all, go with a reputable tour company such as Tara Boat or Sam Veasna Conservation Tours . These organizations run tours that will give you the best experience of the lake whilst being considerate of the people living there.

Tara Boat do trips to Chong Kneas and Kampong Phluk, including a sunset dinner excursion. Their tours stick to a path that keeps interference of daily life on the lake to a minimum, only visiting established tourism sites.

Tip:   Book your Tara Riverboat cruise ahead to avoid disappointment, as this is one of the most popular excursions on Tonle Sap Lake!

Sam Veasna Conservation Tours go to Chong Kneas and the flooded forest, as well as Prek Toal Bird Sanctuary. SVC provide educational tours and facilitate conservation of wildlife areas across Cambodia.

Responsible Tourism

Avoid visiting any schools, it is common for schools to plead for money to buy books or rice from tourists, however, the money is rarely used for what is claimed and may not benefit who or how you think. The best way to support communities in the Tonle Sap Lake region is to spend money at souvenir shops, restaurants or information centres. In the flooded forest, you can take a ride in a paddle boat and this is another source of local employment that benefits the community from tourism.

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Day 1: Phnom Penh Arrival – Half Day City Tours

Arrive Phnom Penh around noon – Visa processing – meet with guide for transfer to hotel. Afternoon half-day City Tour, National Museum of Khmer Arts , Silver Pagoda on the same ground of Royal Palace , River Front Park and renowned Wat Phnom Hill . Overnight Phnom Penh . Day 2: Genocidal Museum – Phnom Penh Orientation

Morning visit Toul Sleng Museum and Cheung Ek Killing field . Afternoon city orientation tour including, Phnom Penh Municipality Hall, National Library , National Bank, Independence Monument and shopping at New Central Market. Overnight Phnom Penh . {B} Day 3: Flight to Siem Reap – Visit Rolous Group and Small Circuit

Morning transfer for flight to Siem Reap. Upon arrival met and transfer to the hotel. the same morning tour to Rolous Group including Preah Ko , Bakong , Lo Lei . Afternoon tour to Small Circuit including Prasat Kravan (Cardamon sanctuary), Banteay Kdei , Srah Srang (Royal Bath), Ta Prohm , Takeo , Thommanon and Chau Say Tevoda . Overnight Siem Reap . {B} Day 4: South Gate of Angkor Thom and Angkor Wat

Morning tour to South Gate of Angkor Thom , Bayon, Baphoun, Terrace of the Elephants and Terrace of the Leper King . Afternoon visit the World Seventh Wonder of Angkor Wat and view sunset at Phnom Bakheng Hill . Overnight Siem Reap . {B} Day 5: Banteay Srei – Kulen Mountain and waterfall

Morning full day tour to Holy mountain of Phnom Kulen visit Liga carving, a legacy of the God-kings who ruled Cambodia in the ninth century, One of the eight water sources, Sleeping Buddha, and the Waterfall of Phnom Kulen. On the way back visit Banteay Srei (Citadel of the women) and Banteay Samre. Overnight Siem Reap . {B} Day 6: Floating village – Art School  – Market

Morning boat trip on Great Lake Tonle Sap Lake and floating village. Afternoon visit Les Artisans d’Angkor - Chantiers Ecole (Art School) where visitors can observe students learning traditional carving and finishing techniques and shopping at local market. {B} Day 7: Siem Reap Departure

Transfer to the airport for departure flight. End of service. {B}

Services Inclusion

• Hotel accommodation with breakfast (Base on Twin sharing)
• Tours with English speaking guide
• Ground transport with air-con vehicle as stated in itinerary
• Boat rental fee for tour per applicable program
• All entrance fees to tour sites throughout
• Meals: Breakfast {B} only

Services Exclusion

• Cambodia visa fee currently US$30 / pax payable upon arrival
• Domestic and International Air tickets
• Domestic and International Insurance Surcharge
• International airport tax departure PNH: US$25. REP US$25
• Meals and drinks
• Personal expenses such as drinks at meals, camera fee to tour sites
• All other accounts are not mentioned in the above inclusion.
• Peak season surcharge during Dec and Jan
• Compulsory dinner for Xmas and New Year Eve

Oop, Rates are not available! Please contact our Sales Team.

Deluxe a (5-star), deluxe b (5-star), deluxe c (5-star), first a (4-star), first b (4-star), superior (3-star), standard (2-star), cambodia country facts.

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New Tonle Sap eco-tourism network to be established soon

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 Keo Kereya https://www.phnompenhpost.com/national/new-tonle-sap-eco-tourism-network-be-established-soon

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