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Work in Canada temporarily

Apply to work in Canada, extend your work or change the conditions of your work permit.

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Services and information, find out if you need a work permit.

Who needs a work permit, which permit is right for you and special instructions for some workers

Apply for a work permit

Who can apply, how to apply, where to get application forms and guides, what to expect after you apply

Open work permits for your family members

Eligibility, when they should apply, and what documents they need

Find out if you’re eligible for two-week processing

Who can apply for the Global Skills Strategy, and what you need to do

How long it takes to process work permits, and extensions for online and paper applications

Extend or change your work permit

Steps to take if your job is extended or changes, if you get a different job or if you want to leave and come back to Canada

Get a new visitor visa from inside Canada

How to get a new visa if you have a work permit and you want to leave and come back to Canada

Restore your status

How to restore your status and get a new work permit if yours expired before you could apply for a new one

How to send a complete immigration application

Learn how to avoid common errors that can cause delays in processing your application to come to Canada.

• Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada

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Move to Canada from the United States | Immigration, Work, and Study Visa Options

This comprehensive canadavisa page covers the range of canadian immigration, work, study, and citizenship options available to those in the u.s..

Over 10,000 people immigrate from the U.S. to Canada each year. Tens of thousands more move to Canada in pursuit of work and education. Learn how you can be among them. Simply click on the menu item below to jump to the section that addresses your Canadian immigration goal.

Contact our Law Firm for Assistance

Table of contents, immigrate as a skilled worker, family sponsorship, work in canada.

• Start a Business
• Study in Canada

Canadian Citizenship

• Inadmissibility
• Frequently Asked Questions  
• Contact our Law Firm for Assistance  

What is the easiest way to immigrate to Canada from the U.S.?

• Express Entry

Express Entry is Canada's main way of managing skilled worker applications for permanent residence. The U.S. is a leading source country of those who immigrate to Canada through Express Entry. A major advantage with the Express Entry immigration selection system is that applications are processed within six months or less. U.S. citizens and residents typically have a strong chance of being invited to apply for Canadian permanent residence through Express Entry, thanks to their strong language skills, skilled work experience, and high levels of education.

There are three federal skilled worker immigration programs managed under the Express Entry system that lead to permanent residence in Canada:

• The Federal Skilled Worker Program for skilled workers with foreign work experience.
• The Canadian Experience Class for skilled workers with Canadian work experience.
• The Federal Skilled Trades Program for skilled workers with qualifications in a skilled trade.

What are my other options for moving to Canada other than Express Entry?

Provincial Nominee Program (PNP)

Like the U.S., Canada is subdivided into different jurisdictions, called provinces and territories. These provinces are, in some ways, similar to the different states that make up the United States. However, unlike American states, Canadian provinces and territories have an important role to play in determining who comes to these jurisdictions as new immigrants. The Provincial Nominee Program  (PNP) can be a great starting point for U.S. citizens and residents who know which province or territory they want to settle in, as well as others who have specific skills and work experience sought by a particular province or territory. If you are eligible for Express Entry, there is another major benefit to submitting an Express Entry profile. Candidates nominated by a Canadian province or territory who have a profile in the Express Entry pool receive an additional 600 points toward their Comprehensive Ranking System  (CRS) score, effectively guaranteeing them an Invitation to Apply for Canadian permanent residence.

Complete our FREE assessment to find out if you are eligible to immigrate from the US a skilled worker

I have a spouse or common-law partner living in Canada, can he or she sponsor me?

Sponsorship of a spouse or common-law partner

Canadian citizens and permanent residents can sponsor their spouse or common-law partner to obtain Canadian permanent resident status. Since Canada recognizes same-sex marriage, same-sex partners may apply for reunification as long as they meet all of Canada's standard eligibility requirements. Both the sponsoring Canadian citizen and the sponsored person must be approved by IRCC in order for the sponsored person to be granted permanent residence. To receive a visa under this immigration program, the sponsor and the sponsored person must prove that their relationship qualifies under one of these three categories: Spouse; Common-Law Partner; Conjugal Partner. The processing standard for spousal sponsorship applications in Canada is approximately 12 months from the date the application is received.

Complete our FREE spousal sponsorship form to see if you are eligible to sponsor your loved one

I would like to move to Canada to work, what are my options?

Obtaining a Canadian work visa (referred to as a work permit in Canada) is usually an important step towards working legally in Canada on a temporary basis. You and your prospective employer may have to obtain a document called a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) before you begin working in Canada. However, most work permit holders in Canada however do not need an LMIA. In some cases, an LMIA is needed as it serves as evidence that your employment in Canada is likely to have a neutral or positive effect on the local labour market. Once the LMIA is granted, you will be able to apply for a temporary work permit from the IRCC. There may be opportunities to speed up the process, depending on your occupation and the work you plan to do in Canada.

Contact us for work permit assistance

Global Talent Stream

The Global Talent Stream is part of Canada's Global Skills Strategy. This federal program allows Canadian employers in high growth and IT industries to streamline the hiring of skilled foreign workers when Canadians are not available for particular positions. The hiring process under this fast-track program involves meeting certain requirements, such as completing a Labour Market Assessment (LMIA), commitment to certain salary requirements, among others. Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) aims to process work permit applications from the Global Talent Stream in one month or less.

Canada-U.S.-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA)

Thanks to the Canada-U.S.-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA), formerly known as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and also known as “USMCA”, U.S. citizens can benefit from a facilitated process when applying for a temporary work permit in Canada. Work permits issued under the provisions of the CUSMA agreement generally do not require an LMIA.

U.S. citizens may work in Canada under CUSMA in one of the following categories:

• CUSMA Professional

A CUSMA professional must be qualified to work in one of the more than 60 targeted professions, including teaching, science, medicine, finance, law, and many others.

• CUSMA intra-company transfer

Individuals transferred from the U.S. within a CUSMA company may be temporarily transferred to Canada to work for a branch, subsidiary or affiliate of their employer. These individuals must have worked continuously for their U.S. employer for at least one of the last three years and be employed by the company at the time of their application in a position considered to be managerial, executive or involving specialized knowledge.

• CUSMA Traders and Investors

A U.S. CUSMA trader must demonstrate an intention to engage in substantial trade in goods or services between Canada and the U.S.. A CUSMA investor must demonstrate that he or she has made a substantial investment in a new or existing Canadian business and is seeking to enter Canada to develop and operate the Canadian business.

Intra-Company Transfer

Because Canada is the United States’ largest trading partner, and vice versa, many American businesses have affiliate offices, branches, or subsidiaries in Canada. The Intra-Company Transfer Program allows international businesses to bring key employees to Canada without the requirement to obtain a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) . Employees who work in executive, managerial, or specialized knowledge roles may be eligible to come to Canada with their family and work as an intra-company transferee.

Work Without a Work Permit

A number of situations may occur when those in the U.S. can perform work in Canada without needing to secure a Temporary Work Permit . This includes individuals who engage in business or trade activities in Canada but will not enter the Canadian labour (labor) market, collectively referred to as Business Visitors .

Working Holidays

Working Holidays falls under the International Experience Canada (IEC) program and aims to facilitate international exchanges between young people from different nations. U.S. citizens between the ages of 18 to 35, may obtain an open work permit for 12 months under this program, provided that they have been enrolled in full-time post-secondary study at some point in the past twelve months. Final year students not returning to studies are also eligible.

Business Immigration

Can i move to canada to start a business.

Starting a business in Canada 

The goal of Canada's business immigration programs is to attract investors, entrepreneurs and self-employed individuals from outside Canada with venture capital, business acumen, and entrepreneurial skills.

Provincial Business and Entrepreneur Programs

Canadian provinces and territories have an important role to play in the settlement of economic migrants in their territory, and many are looking for energetic and innovative entrepreneurs to help grow their economies. Canadian provinces and territories can nominate individuals for immigration to their province based on their own criteria. Most Provincial Nominee Programs (PNPs) have streams dedicated to business immigration .

Self-Employed Persons Program

Individuals who wish to settle in one of Canada's provinces or territories as a professional athlete or artisan can obtain a business immigrant visa for themselves and their immediate family. This program is designed to bring people to Canada who will work as self-employed individuals . Applicants must have either relevant experience in cultural activities or athletics.

The Start-up Visa Program

Under the  federal Start-up Visa Program , immigrant entrepreneurs can develop their business in Canada. This program, recognized as one of the most unique immigration streams in the world, grants permanent residence to immigrant entrepreneurs while helping them settle in Canada. 

Work Permit Options

For many entrepreneurs, the fastest way to enter Canada is to obtain a temporary work permit.

Under the CUSMA Investors stream, citizens of the United States who invest in new or existing businesses in Canada may be allowed to apply for an Investor Work Permit to manage their Canadian business. Entrepreneurs who intend to maintain the operation of an existing business abroad while expanding into Canada may be eligible for Intra-company Transfer Work Permits . Those who are majority owners of a business in Canada can seek to obtain an Owner-Operator Work Permit.  U.S. residents and citizens also have the option to enter Canada through the Global Talent Stream . Employers working in high-growth sectors or wishing to hire highly skilled global IT professionals can apply for work permits through this stream and benefit from quick application processing times.

Can I move to Canada from the US to study?

There are now some 15,000 U.S. citizens who study in Canada each year. Over 1,500 universities, colleges and other educational institutions are authorized by Immigration, Refugee and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) to admit international students. International students can work while studying in Canada, which helps supplement income and gain work experience. Graduates of eligible Canadian institutions can apply for an open work permit called a Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP). The PGWP allows recent graduates to get valuable Canadian work experience, which in turn can make them eligible for permanent residence and increase their odds of successfully obtaining immigration status.

How can I apply for Canadian Citizenship?

U.S citizens and residents who immigrate to Canada and reside in the country for a few years may eventually apply to become citizens of their adopted country. This is a process known as naturalization, and Canada has one of the most liberal and welcoming naturalization processes in the world. A person can be a citizen of both the U.S. and Canada.

Proof of Canadian citizenship certificates can be obtained by those born abroad to Canadian citizens, by Canadian citizens living abroad who wish to work in Canada in jobs reserved for those of Canadian nationality, or for children born abroad to Canadian citizens. 

Criminal and Medical Inadmissibility

Can i move to canada if i have a criminal conviction.

Not everyone may be aware that a prior offence, even apparently as minor as a traffic violation, can render a person inadmissible to Canada . If in doubt, it is necessary to know what steps to take before and during the process of applying for an immigration or temporary resident visa to Canada in order to be allowed to enter Canada. Examples of convictions that could make a person inadmissible to Canada include impaired driving, theft, petty theft, assault, drunkenness and disorderly conduct, obstruction of justice and possession of marijuana, cocaine or other controlled substances/drugs.

A person may also be refused entry to Canada on health grounds if their condition is likely to be a danger to public health or safety or might reasonably be expected to cause excessive demand on Canada's health or social services. For family sponsorship cases involving the sponsorship of a spouse/common-law partner and dependent children, this excessive demand component of refusals on medical grounds is removed.

Even if a person or family member is found to be medically or criminally inadmissible to Canada, they still have options .

Frequently Asked Questions

1) can i just “move” to canada.

Yes and no. You do not require a visa to visit Canada for personal or business reasons. As a visitor, unless otherwise indicated by a Canadian immigration officer at a Canadian Port of Entry, you may remain in Canada for up to six months. However, to gain entry the immigration officer must be satisfied that you are a bona fide visitor, which means that you intend to leave Canada at the end of your visit. As a visitor you may not centralize your mode of living in Canada, and as a general rule you may not work in Canada without first securing a work permit. You may study in Canada without a study permit only if the course of study is six months or less in duration.

2) How hard is it to move to Canada from the U.S.?

The move itself from the U.S. to Canada should not be particularly complicated since the two countries are neighbors and you can simply cross the border by car with all your belongings. The process of applying for a visa trough the appropriate Canadian immigration program , having to gather all the supporting documents and having to fill out a large number of forms may prove to be the most difficult part.

3) Can I live in Canada as an American citizen?

Yes, if you are an American citizen, you may live in Canada. If your stay exceeds 180 days, you will most likely need a visa. You will also need a visa or work permit if you intend to work in Canada. Unless you apply for Canadian citizenship, you will always be considered an American citizen, including if you become a permanent resident of Canada.

4) What is the immigration process to Canada from the U.S.?

The process will depend on the reason why you are moving and the length of your stay.

If you plan to settle permanently in Canada, the easiest way is to enter the Express Entry Pool. Express Entry is an online expedited immigration application system with a processing time of approximately six months. You will be assessed based on your skills, education and work history and you will receive a score that may earn you an invitation to apply for permanent resident status.

For stays longer than six months you will need to apply for a work or study permit. The length of your stay on this type of permit will depend on the length of your academic studies or the length of your job offer in Canada.

If you are planning to stay for just a few months, you may want to consider getting a visitor visa . A visitor's visa allows you to stay in the country for up to six months, with the possibility of renewing it 30 days before it expires.

5) How long can I visit Canada for?

In general, Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) officers at a Canadian Port of Entry issue entry stamps valid for a period of up to six months from the date of entry for visitors. This period may be extended from within Canada.

6) How can I immigrate to Canada as a skilled worker?

Canada has over 100 merit-based immigration streams for skilled workers. These programs assess candidates based on their human capital, such as age, education, language skills, work experience, family ties in Canada, among other criteria.

U.S. residents and citizens may seek to immigrate as skilled workers through Express Entry . Those who already know which province or territory they plan to immigrate to, may be able to apply under one of the Provincial Nominee Programs . The Quebec Skilled Worker Program is also an option for those planning to settle in Quebec.

7) Who qualifies as a skilled worker in Canada?

Canada assesses human capital criteria such as age, education, work experience, arranged employment, language skills and adaptability.

Federal skilled workers are selected under the Express Entry immigration system. Canadian provinces select internationally trained and experienced skilled workers based on the needs of employers their province through their respective Provincial Nominee Programs.

8) What is the Express Entry immigration system?

Express Entry is an electronic management application system for immigration to Canada.

It is not a new immigration program. Rather, it facilitates the selection and processing of Canada’s economic immigration programs:

• the Federal Skilled Worker Class ,
• the Federal Skilled Trades Class ,
• the Canadian Experience Class , and
• a portion of the Provincial Nominee Programs .

Applicants submit an "expression of interest" (EOI) in immigrating to Canada and, if they are eligible for at least one of the aforementioned programs, they then enter the Express Entry pool, where they are ranking according to the Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) . The federal government then selects candidates from this pool, who receive an Invitation To Apply (ITA) for immigration to Canada under one of the programs. Express Entry moves Canada from a first come, first served (or supply-driven) system to an invitation to apply (or demand-driven) system. Modeled on similar systems in use in Australia and New Zealand, Express Entry aims to fast track the processing of skilled immigrants deemed most likely to succeed in Canada.

We have an entire FAQ page dedicated to Express Entry .

9) I have heard that Canada has a points-based immigration system. What does that mean?

Canada uses a points-based system called the Comprehensive Ranking System(CRS) to score profiles in the Express Entry pool. Candidates are evaluated based on a number of factors including age, level of education, language ability, work experience, whether or not the individual has arranged employment in Canada, and certain adaptability factors.

Once the individual enters the pool by having created an Express Entry profile , he or she becomes a candidate and is ranked along with other candidates. The Express Entry pool is a competitive environment, with a points-based ranking system where candidates are awarded up to 1,200 points under the Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS). The government conducts periodic draws, in which the top-ranked candidates are issued an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for permanent residence.

10) Can I work in Canada without a work permit?

In general, you need a visa or work permit to be allowed to work in Canada. US citizens or residents coming to Canada on business may stay in the country without a work permit for up to 6 months. There are types of jobs that may not require a work permit , they include athletes or those coming to work for Canadian charitable or religious organizations, among others.

11) I am an entrepreneur, what are my immigration options in Canada?

The federal government offers streams such as the Start-Up Visa Program , the Self-Employed Program and there are various other entrepreneur immigration categories within the Provincial Nominee Programs (PNPs). To learn more, review this Canada business immigration programs page.

12) How do I know if I need a permit to work in Canada?

In Canada work visas and employment authorizations are known as work permits . The work permit is a document issued by the Canadian government that authorizes a foreign national to work for a specific employer in a specific position. Most U.S. residents and citizens will require a work permit to work in Canada.

13) Who can get a work permit in Canada?

Foreign individuals wishing to obtain a work permit must meet a number of eligibility requirements depending on their location at the time of application. The type of work permit that can be obtained depends on the situation of each person. You can find more information here.

14) Can my Canadian work permit be extended?

The length of a work permit is based on the nature of the employment in Canada and the work permit category under which you applied. It is possible to extend a work permit from within Canada, but some work permits have a maximum duration.

15) Can I afford to move to Canada?

If you are applying under the Federal Skilled Worker Program and Federal Skilled Trades Program you will need to show that you have enough money to support yourself and your family for the first few months after you arrive in Canada. The required amount of settlement funds you will need depends on the size of your family unit. You will asked to provide a written proof that you can access that money if you invited to apply for permanent residence.

All immigrants who land in Canada must pay the Right of Permanent Residence Fee and cover expenses related to supporting documents, such as diplomas, certifications, photographs, credential assessment, language tests and medical examinations.

16) Can I move to Canada without having a job?

Foreign nationals may qualify for immigration to Canada without a Canadian job offer. The best option for those seeking to immigrate to Canada without a job offer is to apply for Express Entry . However, obtaining a valid Canadian job offer significantly increases your chances of being invited to apply for permanent residence in Canada.

Some of Canada's Provincial Nominee Programs (PNPs) and work permits do not require candidates to have a Canadian job offer in order to qualify.

17) Is it more expensive to live in Canada than the U.S. ?

The cost of living in Canada varies depending on where you decide to live. In general, the cost of living is higher in large cities than in smaller, more rural villages. Most Canadians spend 35% to 50% of their income on housing and utilities.

Like many countries, Canada adds sales taxes to many goods and services. The Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a tax imposed by the Canadian government that is added to the price of most goods and services. In most provinces, there is also a provincial sales tax (PST), which varies between 7% and 10%. Newfoundland and Labrador, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and Ontario combine the GST with the PST and call it the HST.

While Canada may have slightly higher taxes than the U.S. in general, health care and education costs are much lower.

Overall, your costs will depend on the lifestyle choices you will make.

18) Does studying in Canada cost less than in the U.S.?

Generally, your tuition and living expenses in Canada will be lower than in the U.S.

International students are also allowed to work during and after their studies in Canada so that they can earn income to support themselves and gain work experience.

19) Will I have to pay income taxes in Canada or the U.S. after I move?

Canada and the U.S. have a tax treaty which, in order to avoid double taxation and prevent tax evasion with respect to income and wealth taxes, should make moving to Canada as easy as possible. While one of the main differences between the two countries is that Canadian income tax law is based on residency (while U.S. tax law is based on citizenship), the Canada-U.S. tax treaty provides for several mechanisms known as foreign tax credits to ensure that the individual does not have to pay double taxes to both countries.

20) Will I have access to health care services in Canada?

Canada has a public health care system that makes critical care accessible to all Canadian citizens and permanent residents, as well as some temporary residents. Canada's provinces and territories all have public health insurance plans to cover basic medical needs. It may take up to three months after arrival before health insurance begins in some provinces.

If you are not covered, make sure that you make it a priority to seek health care for you and your family as soon as you arrive. Also, it may be a good idea to get some form of private health insurance from an insurance company to cover you in case of an emergency until your provincial health insurance plan begins.

21) Can my state of health affect my ability to immigrate to Canada?

Yes, if you have a health issue it is possible that you are medically inadmissible to Canada. Medical inadmissibility comes about in one of two contexts:

• The less common of these is medical inadmissibility that results from being assessed as a threat to the health of Canadians. This would be case for those afflicted with a communicable disease that poses a risk of proliferation within Canada. This is relatively rare as there are not many contagious illnesses or conditions that permanently affect one’s state of health. HIV and AIDS are examples of such a situation, and can be grounds for a determination of medical inadmissibility.
• More often than not, medical inadmissibility is determined by assessing how large a strain a particular individual would put on the Canadian healthcare system. If one’s state of health requires significant and frequent medical intervention, that individual can be found medically inadmissible. There are no strict criteria or guidelines as to what constitutes medical inadmissibility in this context as this determination is made on a case by case basis. However, the cost of any medication required and the frequency with which one must see a medical specialist are among the factors that are considered.

22) Can I bring my family members to Canada from the U.S.?

You can bring your spouse or common-law partner and dependent children with you when you decide to immigrate to Canada.

Your spouse may be able to join you in Canada on an open work permit, which allows him or her to work for any employer in Canada without having to make a confirmed job offer. Also, if you have accompanying dependent children, they do not need a study permit to study at Canadian educational institutions.

Canada recognizes the inherent rights of same-sex couples before the law, and this extends to immigration.

23) I am separated from my spouse, can I immigrate to Canada from the U.S. with my children?

Yes, but proof of the permission of the non-accompanying parent will be required in most cases. You will need to provide a notarized form.

24) Can I bring my pet(s) to Canada?

The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) can refuse entry to any animal that does not meet its entry requirements. If you would like to know more about these requirements, click here .

25) How is the coronavirus pandemic impacting immigration processing?

Canada continues to process immigration applications during COVID-19. Canada has travel restrictions in place but those in the U.S. can still enter Canada during the pandemic as long as they fall under the list of exempted individuals.

26) Can I work in Canada without having to first applied for permanent residence?

Yes, this is possible. At any one time, many Americans are working in Canada with valid legal status but without permanent resident status.

27) Can I go from temporary residence to permanent residence?

Yes, in fact, obtaining a temporary work permit in Canada is often seen as a step towards permanent residence in Canada. People who already have an active temporary work permit in Canada have several ways to move from temporary work permit to permanent residence, including applying under Express Entry Programs.

The Express Entry Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) assigns points for human capital factors including work experience.

To be eligible for the Canadian Experience Class , you must have at least one year of skilled work experience in Canada and have gained your work experience by working in Canada while you were under temporary resident status.

If you are employed in Canada on a temporary work permit and the employer has made you an offer of employment for at least one year, you may also earn points under the Federal Skilled Worker Program .

Candidates may also choose to apply to one of the Provincial Nominee Programs . Provincial skilled worker programs usually require an employer to sponsor the candidate for admission to Canada. As a first step, candidates may receive temporary work permits to enter Canada while their permanent residence application is being processed.

28) Is immigrating to Quebec different than in the rest of Canada?

Quebec is a unique place in the Canadian landscape. As Canada's only predominantly French-speaking province. Under the 1991 Canada-Quebec Accord, the Quebec government is responsible for selecting economic immigrants to the province, including skilled workers and entrepreneurs. This selection process is managed by the Quebec Ministry of Immigration, Francization and Integration (MIFI).

Foreign nationals who wish to settle in Quebec may do so under economic immigration programs such as:

• Quebec Skilled Worker Program (QSWP)
• Quebec Experience Program (Programme de l’expérience québécoise (PEQ)
• Quebec Business Immigration

29) Can a U.S citizen or resident apply for asylum or refugee status in Canada?

Whether an individual or family may be given asylum or refugee status is not determined by nationality. What matters is how people are being treated and protected by the state that they are in. That being said, only a minuscule share of American refugee claimants are approved in Canada, and it is unlikely that an application for asylum or refugee status in Canada made by a U.S. citizen would be approved.

30) How many immigrants does Canada welcome per year?

Under its 2021-2023 Immigration Levels Plan, Canada will aim to welcome over 400,000 immigrants a year . Canada will admit most of its newcomers in the economic class, the majority of whom (around 60%) arrive through programs such as Express Entry , the Provincial Nominee Program , and other federal programs such as the Atlantic Immigration Pilot Program (AIP). Canada continues to increase immigration levels to maintain a strong economy.

Cohen Immigration Law  has been helping clients move from the United States to Canada for over 45 years. Cohen Immigration Law's team of over 60 Canadian immigration lawyers, paralegals, and other professionals are able to help you move from the US as a skilled worker, through family sponsorship, on a work or study permit, for business purposes, and to address your other needs such as obtaining Canadian citizenship and overcoming inadmissibility. Please reach out to us so we can help you achieve your Canadian immigration goals:

Skilled Worker Assistance

Find out if you are eligible to immigrate to Canada through one of the country's over 100 skilled worker options.

Family Sponsorship Assistance

See if you are eligible to sponsor a loved one, or be sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident.

Other Immigration Enquiries

Contact us about work permits, study permits, business immigration, citizenship, and inadmissibility.

Latest News

Canada's express entry draw results from april 11, 2024.

Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) has conducted the department's second Express Entry draw in as many days. Here are the results of IRCC's latest Express Entry draw, which occurred on April 11, 2024.

Canada's Express Entry Draw Results from March 26, 2024

Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) has officially conducted two Express Entry draws in two days this week. Here are the results of IRCC's latest draw, which occurred on March 26, 2024.

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Kelia Losa Author Kelia Losa Reinoso is a qualified content writer with a Master of Arts degree in Journalism and Media Studies https://www.canadianvisa.org/author/kelia-losa-reinoso

We Make Immigration Simple

2023-11-19T11:24:00

2023-11-20T04:05:00

Your guide to applying for a Canadian work permit form inside Canada. Gather documents, complete forms, and submit online applications

• Work in Canada

How to Apply for a Canadian Work Permit from Inside Canada

Kelia Losa Reinoso is a qualified content writer with a Master of Arts degree in Journalism and Media Studies

Looking to work in Canada? Understanding the Canadian work permit system is crucial. Getting a work permit while you're already in the country is important. This guide breaks down the process, focusing on the essential documents you'll need. Whether you're a skilled professional or a temporary worker, knowing how it works is key to fitting into the Canadian job scene. Join us in this informative journey as we go through the necessary steps to get your Canadian Work Permit Inside Canada.

Get a Work Permit in Canada

A Canadian work permit is your ticket to employment in the Great White North. This official document allows you to work in Canada for a specified period , granting you the opportunity to contribute your skills and talents to the Canadian workforce. Whether you're a skilled professional or a temporary worker, obtaining a work permit is a crucial step toward realizing your career aspirations in Canada.

Who Qualifies for a Work Permit Inside Canada

To secure a work permit from inside Canada, several conditions apply. You may be eligible if you are a Ukrainian national or an accompanying family member, possess a post-graduation work permit expiring between September 20, 2021, and December 31, 2023, or hold a valid study or work permit. Additionally, eligibility extends to individuals with a spouse, common-law partner, or parent possessing a valid study or work permit.

Workers in Canada, as temporary residents, must meet specific conditions. This guide caters to those already in the country seeking to extend their stay, change work conditions, switch classes, or rectify status issues.

Requirements to Obtain a Work Permit

• Satisfy an officer that you will leave Canada at the end of your employment.
• Show enough financial capacity during your stay.
• Have a law-abiding record with no criminal activity.
• Not be a danger to the security of Canada.
• Be in good health and complete a medical examination if required.
• Not intend to engage in employment with an employer on the List of Ineligible Employers.
• Not intend to engage in employment involving striptease, erotic dance, escort services, or erotic massages.
• Provide any additional documents requested by the officer to establish admissibility.

It's important to note that eligibility requirements may vary, and staying informed about your specific situation is crucial when navigating the process of obtaining a work permit inside Canada.

How to Apply

If you're ready to take the next step and apply for a work permit inside Canada, follow this step-by-step guide to ensure a smooth application process.

Step 1: Make sure you have what you need

Before you begin, gather the necessary tools to apply online:

• A scanner or camera to create electronic copies of your documents
• A valid credit or debit card for payment

If you encounter issues while applying online, be sure to address them promptly.

Step 2: Read the instruction guide

Even if you choose to apply online, familiarize yourself with the instruction guide before completing your application. The guide provides valuable insights into each form field, ensuring accuracy and completeness. Venezuelan passport holders may encounter additional steps, so be thorough in your application process.

Priority processing for work permit applicants: Applications for individuals performing or supporting essential services are prioritized.

When completing the work permit application form, follow these steps for priority processing:

• Obtain the National Occupational Classification (NOC) number from your employer's offer of employment or labour market impact assessment (LMIA)
• Enter the NOC number in the Job title box
• Include only the number, and ensure its accuracy

Eligible occupations that perform or support essential services include:

• Agriculture and agri-food occupations
• Health-care occupations

Step 3: Prepare your answers for the online tool

Prior to uploading your forms, answer a series of questions to generate a personalized document checklist.

Step 4: Know the fees you have to pay

Understand the applicable fees, including processing fees for yourself and any included individuals. Payment is requested at the end of your application. For open work permits, ensure payment of the work permit fee of CAD155 and open work permit holder fee CAD100.

Step 5: Create your online account or sign in

Establish an online account, providing a platform to pay fees, submit your application, and monitor your application status.

Guide To Your Work Visa Application

Our brief guide outlines key information on Canadian work permits, including the necessary documents required for the application process. It serves as an essential resource for those navigating the intricacies of obtaining a work permit to ensure a smooth and successful application experience within Canada.

Applicants are required to submit biometrics only once every 10 years, providing a convenient and streamlined experience. The associated fees are CAD85 per person, with a maximum family fee of CAD170 for two or more individuals applying together. For groups of three or more performing artists applying simultaneously, the maximum fee is CAD255.

Biometrics, including fingerprints and a photo, are mandatory for applications within Canada, and applicants can visit a designated Service Canada location. It's essential to book an appointment at an official biometric collection service point, conveniently located throughout Canada. Valid biometrics from previous applications may exempt applicants from resubmitting, depending on their expiration status.

Employment Documents You’ll Need

Offer of employment.

The Offer of Employment is a pivotal document, verifying the authenticity of the job offer and ensuring employer compliance. Employers undergo evaluation based on various criteria, including the genuineness of the offer, compliance history, and adherence to Federal-Provincial or Territorial Laws.

Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA)

An LMIA , provided by Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC), assesses the impact of hiring a foreign worker on the Canadian labor market. It's a crucial component for work permit issuance and must be included in the application.

Offers of Employment for LMIA-exempt Workers: If an employer offers a specific job to a foreign worker, they need an Offer of Employment number. Employers obtain this number through the Employer Portal, submitting necessary information and paying the CAD230 employer compliance fee or proving fee exemption.

Renewing and Extending Work Permits

Is it Possible? Yes, it's possible to renew or extend your work permit if you're currently working in Canada and want to modify conditions.

How? Apply at least 30 days before your current status expires. If you plan to change the length, employer, or occupation, you must obtain a new work permit before making the change.

Documentation Required: Include a copy of the LMIA (if applicable), a job offer letter, or the Offer of Employment number. Additionally, provide evidence that you meet job requirements, and if working in Québec, include a Québec Acceptance Certificate (CAQ).

Medical Exam: For stays exceeding six months, a medical exam is required, especially if you've lived temporarily in specific countries or territories.

Paying the Fees

When applying online, you'll need to pay a processing fee for each service required. All fees must be submitted with your application. For detailed information on eligibility, fees, and required documents, refer to the guide "Applying to Change Conditions or Extend Your Stay in Canada - Worker (IMM 5552)" or consult the Help Centre.

Processing Times

Always check the processing times of your visa, and ensure to submit a renewal 30 days before expiry. A Work permit from inside Canada (initial and extension) will take 14 days with a paper application.

May I Leave and Re-enter Canada, If I Still Have a Valid Work Permit?

Yes, you can leave and re-enter Canada if your work permit is still valid. However, it's important to note that a work permit alone is not a travel document.

To return to Canada for work, you must possess a valid travel document along with your work permit. Acceptable documents include a Temporary Resident Visa (TRV), an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA), or proof of lawful permanent residence status in the U.S. (e.g., green card).

Having these documents, in addition to your work permit, does not guarantee re-entry; you must demonstrate to the border services officer that you meet all the necessary requirements.

Can Visitors Apply For Work Permit Within Canada?

Visitors to Canada typically do not have the ability to apply for a work permit from within the country. The standard procedure is for individuals to apply for a work permit from outside of Canada, in their home country or the country where they are currently residing.

However, there are specific conditions mentioned in immigration rules that allow individuals to apply for a work permit from within Canada. For example, if someone is already in Canada and holds a valid study or work permit, or if their spouse , common-law partner, or parent has a valid study or work permit, they may be eligible to apply for a work permit from within Canada.

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Visiting Canada

Can a Visitor Work in Canada?

While work and study permits are issued for performing or undertaking specific activities in Canada, a visitor visa has a broader scope. However, that doesn’t mean that there aren’t any restrictions on what you can and cannot do as a visitor in Canada.

Canadian work regulations apply to all individuals who are not Canadian citizens or permanent residents. If you are visiting Canada with a Visitor Visa, there are crucial considerations to keep in mind before seeking employment in the Canadian labor market. That’s why, in this blog, we will provide a clear breakdown of what is permissible and what is not while under a Visitor Visa.

Under a Visitor Visa You Cannot…

1. stay permanently.

A visitor visa allows you to enter Canada and gives you temporary  legal status in the country. However, you only maintain that status for as long as your visa is valid. You cannot legally stay in Canada on a visitor visa that is no longer valid.

2. Work in Canada

You need a valid work permit to work in Canada. A visitor visa does not allow you to work in the country. So, you need to make sure you don’t engage in any commercial activity where you directly enter the labour market of Canada during your stay as a visitor.

3. Study in Canada

As a visitor visa holder, you cannot study in Canada except under the specific conditions listed above. In all other cases, you need a study permit to legally study in Canada.

4. Apply for a study permit

You cannot apply for a study permit from within Canada on the basis of your status as a visitor. You will have to initiate the study visa process after returning to your country. One exception to this rule that allows a visitor to apply for a study permit from within Canada is if he or she has a family member holding a valid Canada study or work permit.

But Under a Visitor Visa You Can…

1. enter and stay in canada.

Firstly, and most importantly, a visitor visa allows you to enter Canada. Once inside Canada, your visitor visa gives you temporary legal status to live or travel anywhere you want in Canada. When visiting Canada and considering it as a potential destination for work or immigration, you have the unique opportunity to compare cities, labor markets, job prospects, cultural experiences, and the best places to live. This firsthand experience allows you to envision what life in Canada could be like if you plan to immigrate in the coming years. Keep in mind, though, that this is a temporary status. Visitor visas can be issued for periods up to six months. The exact validity period of your visa will be determined by the officer who issues the visa. Once the validity period is over, your visa will expire and you will lose your legal status as a visitor in Canada.

2. Search for Work in Canada

While visitor visas are not meant to be used as a vehicle to find work in Canada, visitor visa holders are  not  expressly prohibited from searching for work while they’re in Canada. In fact, Canadian employers often prefer to meet candidates in person before they hire them, so searching for work from inside Canada may be more effective than trying to find a job from overseas. However, if you do choose to search for work while you’re on a visitor visa, you should keep the following in mind:

• Never conceal or falsify your reason for visiting Canada from an immigration officer.
• You will be expected to prove your intention to return to your country when your visitor visa expires irrespective of the outcome of your search for work.
• You will be expected to prove that you won’t work in Canada without a valid work permit.

3. Join a short-term course in Canada

Normally, you must obtain a study permit to be eligible to study in Canada. However, there are some rare exceptions that allow you to study in Canada on a visitor visa if you meet the following conditions:

• The school offering the course is  not  a Designated Learning Institute (DLI).
• The duration of the course or program is less than six months.
• The course is not a part of a longer program.
• You will complete the course before the expiry of your visitor visa.

4. Apply to extend your stay in Canada

Visitor visas can be issued for a period of up to six months. However, if you would like to extend your stay beyond the initial validity period of your visa, you can apply for an extension. Whether or not the extension is issued, and the validity period of the extension, are at the discretion of the immigration officer reviewing your application.

5. Perform business activities

While you generally need a work permit to work in Canada, you can carry out some business activities while on a visitor visa, as long as you do not directly enter the Canadian labor market. For example, you can:

• Purchase goods or services for a foreign business from Canadian businesses.
• Visit a business site.
• Receive training for product use, sales or other business functions under invitation from a Canadian business.
• Meet and interact with people for initiating and concluding a business transaction.

6. Apply for a work permit

Usually, visitors do not have the right to apply for a work permit while in Canada. However a temporary measure valid until the end of February 2025, makes it possible for visitors who receive a valid job offer while in Canada to apply to get a work permit while in Canada on a visitor visa.

Prior to this temporary policy change, those applying to work in Canada would typically need to apply for their initial work permit before they came to Canada. If they were already in Canada with visitor status when they were approved for a work permit, they would need to leave Canada to be issued their work permit. With this policy in place, leaving Canada isn’t necessary.

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Introduction  Are you considering working in Canada? Navigating the different types of work visas in...

Types of Work Visas in Canada: Which Type is Right for You?

Introduction  

Are you considering working in Canada? Navigating the different types of work visas in Canada can be overwhelming. That’s why we’ve created the ultimate guide to Canada work visas, helping you determine the right option for you. From Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) permits to the highly sought-after Express Entry program , we’ll break down the various visas available and their requirements.  

Whether you’re looking to start a new career, further your education, or join a specialized industry, this guide has got you covered. With expert advice and useful tips, you’ll be equipped to make informed decisions about your Canadian work visa. Whether you’re a skilled professional, a student, or an entrepreneur, we’ll guide you through the application process, document requirements, and any language proficiency tests that might be necessary.  

Don’t let the complexity of work visas deter your Canadian dreams. Let this ultimate guide be your key to unlocking a world of opportunities.  

Different types of work visas in Canada  

Canada offers different types of work visas to cater to the diverse needs of individuals seeking employment opportunities in the country. These visas can be broadly categorized into temporary work visas and permanent work visas.  

Temporary work visas  

Temporary work visas allow individuals to work in Canada for a specified period. These visas are ideal for those who wish to gain international work experience, pursue short-term employment opportunities, or engage in specific projects in the country.  

One popular temporary work visa category is the Work Permit, which falls under the Temporary Foreign Worker Program ( TFWP ). The TFWP permits employers in Canada to hire foreign workers to fill labor shortages. To obtain a Work Permit, you must have a job offer from a Canadian employer and meet certain eligibility criteria.  

Another temporary work visa option is the International Experience Canada (IEC) program. This program allows young individuals from partner countries to work and travel in Canada for up to two years. The IEC program has three categories: Working Holiday, Young Professionals, and International Co-op.  

Permanent work visas  

Permanent work visas, as the name suggests, offer individuals the opportunity to live and work in Canada permanently. These visas are designed for skilled professionals who have the necessary qualifications, work experience, and language proficiency to contribute to the Canadian economy.  

The most sought-after permanent work visa category is the Express Entry program . This program manages applications for three federal economic immigration streams: the Federal Skilled Worker Program, the Federal Skilled Trades Program, and the Canadian Experience Class. Express Entry uses a points-based system to rank candidates. Additionally, it invites them to apply for permanent residency based on their scores.  

Eligibility requirements for work visas in Canada  

To be eligible for a work visa in Canada, whether temporary or permanent, you must meet certain criteria set by the Canadian government. These criteria ensure that you have the necessary qualifications, skills, and intentions to contribute positively to the Canadian labor market.  

For temporary work visas, eligibility requirements may include having a valid job offer from a Canadian employer, demonstrating sufficient funds to support yourself and any accompanying family members, and meeting health and security checks. Additionally, some temporary work visas may require specific language proficiency. For example, positions that involve interacting with the public or require specialized language skills.  

Permanent work visas, such as those under the Express Entry program, have their own set of eligibility requirements. These requirements include meeting the minimum language proficiency scores, having a certain level of work experience, and possessing the necessary educational qualifications. Additionally, candidates must undergo an Educational Credential Assessment (ECA) to verify the equivalency of their foreign education credentials.  

How to apply for a work visa in Canada  

The application process for a work visa in Canada can vary depending on the type of visa you are applying for. However, there are general steps that you should follow to ensure a smooth and successful application.  

• Research and determine the appropriate work visa category for your situation. Understand the eligibility requirements, document checklist, and any additional supporting information needed.  
• Secure a valid job offer from a Canadian employer, if required. Ensure that the job offer meets the necessary criteria, such as being genuine and meeting prevailing wage rates.  
• Gather all the required documents, including your passport, educational certificates, work experience letters, language test results, and any other supporting documents specific to your visa category.  
• Create an online account on the official Canadian government website and complete the application form. Provide accurate and up-to-date information to avoid delays or complications.  
• Pay the necessary application fees and submit your application online. Double-check all the information and documents before finalizing the submission.  
• After submitting your application, wait for the processing time to receive a decision on your visa application. Processing times can vary depending on the visa category and the volume of applications being processed.  

Processing times for work visa applications  

The processing times for work visa applications in Canada can vary depending on several factors, including the type of visa, the completeness of the application, and the workload of the immigration authorities. It is essential to be aware of the estimated processing times to manage your expectations and plan accordingly.  

Temporary work visa applications, such as those under the TFWP or the IEC program, generally have shorter processing times compared to permanent work visa applications. The exact processing time can vary but is typically within a few weeks to a few months.  

Permanent work visa applications, specifically those under the Express Entry program, have a more complex evaluation process and may take longer to process. The current estimated processing time for Express Entry applications is approximately six months, but this can change depending on various factors.  

It is important to note that these processing times are subject to change, and it is advisable to regularly check the official Canadian government website for the most up-to-date information.  

Work visa extensions and renewals  

If you are already in Canada on a work visa and wish to extend your stay or renew your visa, there are specific procedures to follow. The process may vary depending on the type of visa you hold and the specific circumstances of your situation.  

For temporary work visas, you may be eligible to apply for an extension if your job offer is extended or if you wish to continue working in Canada. It is important to submit the extension application before your current visa expires to maintain legal status in the country.  

Permanent work visas, such as those obtained through the Express Entry program, grant individuals permanent residency status. However, it is crucial to understand the conditions and obligations associated with maintaining permanent residency, such as physical presence requirements and renewing your Permanent Resident (PR) card.  

Consulting with CanadaGMC can provide you with the necessary guidance and assistance in navigating the process of work visa extensions and renewals.  

Conclusion and final thoughts on the different types of work visas in Canada

Navigating the world of Canada work visas can be challenging, but with the right information and guidance, you can make informed decisions and choose the visa that best suits your needs. Whether you’re considering a temporary work visa or aiming for permanent residency through the Express Entry program, understanding the eligibility requirements, application process, and potential challenges is crucial.  

Remember to conduct thorough research, seek professional advice if needed, and be diligent in preparing your application. The ultimate goal is to make your Canadian dreams a reality and unlock a world of opportunities.  

Move to Canada with  CanadaGMC!  We aim to facilitate a seamless transition for you and your family. To accomplish this, we create a customized immigration plan based on your individual profile and aspirations. Moreover, we offer comprehensive support, guidance from a regulated RCIC professional, and manage the submission process on your behalf.

Take the first step towards your Canadian reality – reach out to  CanadaGMC  now and start your immigration journey today!

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Find out if you need a visa to travel to Canada

Most people need a visa or an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) to travel to Canada - not both. Some people may only need their valid passport. Answer a few questions to see what's right for you.

See all entry requirements by country/territory

You can find the country code on your passport. Be careful when you select your country. Some countries have multiple options and codes are quite similar.

Answer yes if you’re a citizen of Canada and another country.

Look on the front cover of your passport for the symbol of a rectangle with a circle in the middle. If you see this symbol, you have an electronic passport.

Answer: You need a visitor visa

For visits of up to 6 months for most purposes. Cost: CAN $100

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Answer: You need an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA)

For visits of up to 6 months or to transit via a Canadian airport. Cost: CAN $7

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Answer: You need a valid Canadian passport

You need a  valid Canadian passport  to travel to Canada by air (board your flight).

Exception: If you’re an American-Canadian dual citizen with a valid U.S. passport, you don’t need a Canadian passport to fly to Canada. However, you still need to  carry proper identification Opens in a new tab  and meet the basic requirements to enter Canada Opens in a new tab .

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Answer: You need a valid passport or travel document to travel to Canada by car, train, bus or boat

If you decide to fly to a Canadian airport instead, you'll need an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA).

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Answer: You need official proof of status in the U.S.

Lawful permanent residents of the U.S. must present these documents for all methods of travel to Canada:

• a valid passport from their country of nationality (or an equivalent acceptable travel document ) and
• a valid green card (or equivalent valid proof of status in the United States)

Answer: You need a transit visa 

To connect between 2 international flights, in less than 48 hours. Cost: Free

Note: If you have more than 48 hours between international flights OR if you decide to visit Canada, you need to apply for a visitor visa.

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Answer: You can apply for a parent and grandparent super visa to visit for more than 6 months

• The super visa is for visits of 5 years at a time .
• a letter from your child or grandchild with a promise to financially support you for the duration of your visit in Canada.
• More information on approved insurance providers outside of Canada will be available in the coming months.
• be valid for at least 1 year from the date of entry to Canada
• provide at least $100,000 in emergency coverage.
• You must apply for a super visa from outside Canada.
• Cost: CAN $100

Note : If you don't meet the criteria for a super visa, you need to apply for a visitor visa.

Get details about super visa Opens in a new tab

Note : If you don’t meet the criteria for a super visa, you need to apply for an electronic travel authorization (eTA). An eTA allows for visits of up to 6 months.

Note : If you don’t meet the criteria for a super visa, you can visit Canada for up to 6 months with a valid identity document. Bring identification such as a valid passport. Or, if a member of an official program such as Nexus, you may present your valid membership card.

If you don’t meet the criteria for a super visa, you can visit Canada for up to 6 months with

• a valid passport from your country of nationality (or an equivalent acceptable travel document Opens in a new tab ) and
• official proof of lawful permanent resident status in the U.S., such as a green card

Answer: You need a valid identity document

Bring identification such as a valid passport. Or, if a member of an official program such as Nexus, you may present your valid membership card.

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Answer: If we approve your study permit application, we’ll issue a visitor visa

• You don’t need to submit a separate application for a visitor visa.

When you travel to Canada, bring your

• letter of introduction that says your study permit application is approved, if you received one
• valid passport that has your visitor visa stuck to one of its pages

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Answer: You should already have a valid visitor visa

We automatically issued a  visitor visa to you when we approved your first study or work permit.

If you leave and return to Canada,  you must travel with:

• your valid study or work permit
• If you don’t have a valid visa when you check-in for a flight, it may result in travel delays (or a missed flight).
• your valid passport

Exception : If you return directly from a visit only to the United States or St. Pierre and Miquelon, you don’t need a valid visitor visa if your study or work permit is still valid.

If your visa has expired or was only valid for a single entry to Canada

You need to  apply for a new visa Opens in a new tab .

• A visa costs CAN$100.
• It’s valid for up to 10 years.

If your study or work permit will expire soon, you must extend it before you can apply for a new visitor visa.

You need a visitor visa to leave and return to Canada.  Apply for your visa before you leave.

You can apply for a visitor visa from inside Canada if you meet all the conditions below:

• you’re already in Canada
• you hold a valid study or work permit
• you want to  leave and return to Canada  in the near future
• your existing  visitor visa Opens in a new tab  is expired or was valid for only one entry

Exception : If you return  directly  from a visit only to the United States or St. Pierre and Miquelon, you don’t need a valid visitor visa if your study or work permit is still valid.

Processing times vary by country.  You may need to  give fingerprints and photo (biometrics) Opens in a new tab  with your application. Processing times  don’t include  the time you need to give biometrics.

Apply for a visitor visa Opens in a new tab

You need a  visitor visa  to travel to Canada.

A visitor visa:

• is a sticker we put in your passport
• costs CAN$100

Processing times vary by country.  You may need to  give your fingerprints and photo (biometrics) Opens in a new tab  with your application. Processing time  doesn’t include  the time you need to give biometrics.

Answer: Before you continue, find out if you need a study permit

You’ll need to answer some questions on another page to find out.

If you’re eligible to study without a study permit, you’ll need to come back to this page to find out what you need to travel to Canada.

Find out if you need a study permit Opens in a new tab

Answer: If we approve your work permit application, we’ll issue a visitor visa for you

• letter of introduction that says your work permit application is approved, if you received one

Learn about working in Canada Opens in a new tab

We automatically issued a  visitor visa to you when we approved your first work permit.

Processing times vary by country.  You may need to  give your fingerprints and photo (biometrics)  with your application. Processing time  doesn’t include  the time you need to give biometrics.

Apply for a visitor visa

Answer: Before you continue, find out if you need a work permit

If you’re eligible to work without a work permit, you’ll need to come back to this page to find out what you need to travel to Canada.

Find out if you need a work permit Opens in a new tab

Answer: If we approve your study permit application, we’ll issue an electronic travel authorization (eTA)

• You don’t need to submit a separate application for an eTA.

If you get a new passport before you come to Canada, you’ll need to apply for a new eTA if you plan to fly to a Canadian airport.

Answer: You need an eTA to leave and return to Canada

Your study permit lets you study in Canada. If you plan to leave and return to Canada, you need to make sure you have what you need to re-enter the country.

What you need depends on your travel plans.

If you re-enter by a Canadian airport (fly back to Canada)

You must have:

• the passport that’s linked to a valid eTA and
• your valid study permit
• costs CAN $7
• is electronically linked to your passport

If you received your current study permit on or after August 1, 2015, you may have a valid eTA.

If you don’t have an eTA or yours has expired, you’ll need to apply for a new eTA.

Apply for an eTA Opens in a new tab

If you re-enter Canada by car, boat, bus or train

• a valid passport and

Answer: If you fly to a Canadian airport, you need an eTA

• costs CAN$7

Most applicants get their eTA approval (via an email) within minutes. However, some requests  can take several days  to process if you’re asked to submit supporting documents.

If you drive or arrive by train, bus or boat

You just need a  valid passport or travel document Opens in a new tab  to get to Canada by car, train, bus or boat.

Answer: If we approve your work permit application, we’ll issue an electronic travel authorization (eTA) for you

• valid passport that you used to apply for your work permit

If you get a new passport before you come to Canada, you’ll need to apply for a new eTA if you plan to fly to a Canadian airport.

Your work permit lets you work in Canada. If you plan to leave and return to Canada, you need to make sure you have what you need to re-enter the country.

• your valid work permit

If you received your current work permit on or after August 1, 2015, you may have a valid eTA.

• your valid work or study permit

Answer: You don’t need to apply for a visitor visa or eTA

• valid passport or travel document that you used to apply for your work or study permit

When you travel to Canada, you must bring your:

• letter of introduction that says your study permit application is approved

Answer: You don’t need an eTA or a visitor visa

If you’re driving or arriving by train, bus, or boat.

You just need to  bring the right travel documents Opens in a new tab .

If you fly to or transit through a Canadian airport

You just need to travel with your valid U.S. passport if you fly or transit through a Canadian airport.

• valid passport or travel document that you used to apply for your work permit
• valid work or study permit

Answer: Your permit is not an eTA or a visa

When you extend your study permit, you’ll also be issued an eTA if you don’t already have one. When you fly to a Canadian, you must have:

• the passport that’s linked to your valid eTA  and
• a valid visitor and

Apply for visitor visa Opens in a new tab

When you extend your work permit, you’ll also be issued an eTA if you don’t already have one. When you fly to a Canadian, you must have:

• a valid visitor visa and

Answer: You’re eligible to apply for an eTA

You can apply for an  eTA  if you travel to Canada  by air only .

• is only valid when flying to or transiting through a Canadian airport

Most applicants get their eTA approval within minutes (via email). However, some requests  can take several days  to process if you’re asked to submit supporting documents.

If you already have a  valid Canadian visitor visa  you don’t need to apply for an eTA. You can travel with your visa until it expires.

If your travel plans change

You need a  visitor visa  (not an eTA) if you decide to  get to Canada by car, train, bus or boat  instead.

Answer: You don’t need to apply for a visitor visa or eTA

• valid passport or travel document that you used to apply for your study permit and
• official proof of U.S. lawful permanent resident status

Answer: You need valid proof of lawful permanent resident status of the U.S. to leave and return to Canada

• valid study permit,
• valid passport or travel document that you used to apply for your study permit, and

Answer: You don’t need an eTA or a visitor visa

• valid passport or travel document and

You’ll need to answer some questions on another page to find out.

If you’re eligible to study without a study permit, you’ll need to come back to this page to find out what you need to travel to Canada.

• valid passport or travel document that you used to apply for your work permit and
• valid work permit
• valid work permit,

If you’re eligible to work without a work permit, you’ll need to come back to this page to find out what you need to travel to Canada.

Answer: You’re eligible to apply for an eTA

If you already have a  valid Canadian visitor visa , you don’t need to apply for an eTA. You can travel with your visa until it expires.

If you transit through Canada to or from the United States

You  may  be able to  transit through Canada without a visa or eTA if you meet certain eligibility requirements.

You need an official proof of status as a lawful permanent resident of the U.S., such as one of the following:

• valid permanent resident card (Form I-551)
• foreign passport with an unexpired temporary I-551 stamp (also known as an Alien Documentation, Identification and Telecommunication [ADIT] stamp)
• foreign passport with a temporary I-551 printed notation (“Upon endorsement serves as temporary I-551 evidencing permanent residence for 1 year”) on a machine-readable immigrant visa upon endorsement with a U.S. Customs and Border Protection admission stamp
• expired permanent resident card (Form I-551) with Form I-797 (Notice of Action) for pending Form I-751 (Petition to Remove Conditions on Residence) or Form I-829 (Petition by Investor to Remove Conditions on Permanent Resident Status)
• expired permanent resident card (Form I-551) with Form I-797 (Notice of Action) for pending Form I-90 (Application to Replace Permanent Resident Card [Green Card])
• valid re-entry permit (Form I-327)
• Form I-94 with an unexpired temporary I-551 stamp (ADIT stamp) and a passport-style photo

Important note:

This tool provides information only. It was created to assist you as you decide what travel document you may need to travel to Canada. This tool may not provide information on all travel documents or your particular situation. If you choose to apply, we will assess your application in accordance with the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act and its related Regulations. Read our complete terms and conditions (opens in a new tab) .

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Step-by-Step: How to Turn Your Canadian Visitor Visa into a Work Permit

If you are currently in Canada on a visitor visa and looking to work, you may be wondering what your options are for staying in the country and getting a job. While it can be a complicated process, turning your Canadian visitor visa into a work permit is possible, allowing you to stay and work legally. This blog post will provide an in-depth, step-by-step guide to help you turn your visitor visa into a work permit.

Step 1: Apply for a Visitor Visa (TRV)

The first step to converting a visitor visa to a work permit in Canada is to become a Canadian visitor. This means that you will need to apply for a Temporary Resident Visa (TRV), which allows you to enter Canada for a temporary period as a tourist, student, or worker. The TRV is required for citizens of certain countries, so be sure to check if you need one before you apply.

To apply for a TRV, you will need to pay a $100 CAD application fee and an $85 CAD biometrics charge. Additionally, if you want to extend your visa or regain tourist status after your visit, there is a $100 CAD fee and a $200 CAD fee, respectively. You will also need to provide proof that you intend to leave Canada after your visit, have sufficient funds to support yourself during your stay, are in good health, have no criminal record, and can provide supporting documents as required.

The processing time for a TRV application is usually 16-20 days, but it can take up to 135 days in some cases. To apply, you can choose to do so online or in person at a Canadian visa application center. You will need to complete a visa application form, make a certified check or bank draft payment, and provide your passport, photos, and other required documents. You will also need to provide your fingerprints and photograph (biometrics) and submit your application form. You can track your application online to see its progress.

Once you have obtained your TRV and have entered Canada, you can start looking for a job and applying for a work permit. Remember that you will need to meet certain eligibility requirements to convert your visitor visa to a work permit.

Step 2: Getting a Job Offer and an LMIA

One of the biggest challenges when it comes to converting a Canadian visitor visa into a work permit is finding a job offer. It’s important to thoroughly research and explore all possible job opportunities to increase your chances of finding a job that aligns with your skills and experience.

Some of the popular job search platforms that you can use to find a job in Canada include LinkedIn, Glassdoor, and the employer’s website. You can also reach out to your professional network, friends or relatives living in Canada or attend career fairs to expand your job search options.

However, getting a job offer is not enough for a work permit. The employer must also provide a Labor Market Impact Assessment (LMIA), which is a document that verifies that there is no Canadian worker who can perform the job. The LMIA process is quite stringent and can be challenging, which is why it’s crucial to explore alternatives to increase your chances of getting a work permit while on a visitor visa .

If you possess exceptional skills that are in demand, you may have a higher chance of securing a work permit. You can also increase your chances by reaching out to your contacts in Canada and asking for help with your job search. You can also hire an immigration consultant who specializes in job searching and can assist in securing a job offer.

If you are applying for a work permit in Canada without an LMIA, you can do so through certain immigration programs such as the Spouse or Common-Law Partner in Canada Class, where the applicant’s spouse or common-law partner has a study permit, work permit, or is waiting for permanent residency. Alternatively, you can apply through the International Mobility Program if you fall under certain categories, such as NAFTA professionals, intra-company transferees, and international experience Canada (IEC) participants.

Overall, getting a job offer and an LMIA can be a challenge, but with the right approach, thorough research, and assistance from experts, you can improve your chances of turning your Canadian visitor visa into a work permit.

Step 3: Converting Visitor Visa to Work Permit in Canada

If you are a foreign national currently in Canada on a visitor visa and have received a valid job offer, you have the opportunity to convert your visitor visa into a work permit without having to leave the country. 

This process is known as Flagpoling, the term given to when a person already in Canada leaves and returns without crossing into the USA in order to activate a new permanent resident status, be granted a renewed study or work permit, or a change of status, for example from visitor to work permit holder.

By Flagpoling, individuals can avoid the need to travel back to their home country. They can transition smoothly from being a visitor to a temporary worker in Canada. However, it’s important to note that the Flagpoling process can be time-consuming and may require some planning. Additionally, it’s essential to ensure that you have all the necessary documents and meet the eligibility requirements for the work permit.

Converting your visitor visa to a work permit in Canada through the Flagpoling process can provide a convenient and efficient way to transition from visitor status to a temporary worker. Following the proper steps and meeting the requirements can make this process as smooth as possible and continue your career journey in Canada.

Step 4: Interim Authorization to Work

Once you have successfully applied for a work permit in Canada under visitor status, you may be eager to start working right away. However, it’s important to note that the process of receiving a work permit can take up to 132 days. This can be a significant waiting period, especially if you have already secured a job offer.

There is a solution called the Interim Authorization to Work to bridge this gap. This allows individuals with an employer-specific job offer to start working immediately while they await their official work permit.

Understanding that the Interim Authorization to Work is not automatic is crucial. To obtain it, you will need to fill out the IRCC (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada) web form available on the official website. This form will require you to provide details about your job offer, including the employer’s contact information and your specific duties.

Once you have submitted the form, you will need to wait for IRCC to contact you. It’s important to note that this waiting period can take up to 30 business days, which equates to approximately six weeks.

During this waiting period, it’s advisable to stay in contact with your employer to keep them informed about the progress of your application. Once you receive your Interim Authorization to Work, you will be able to legally begin working in Canada until your official work permit is issued.

If you have any questions or need assistance with converting your visitor visa to a work permit in Canada, don’t hesitate to reach out to Visa Immigration. Our team of experts is well-versed in Canadian immigration laws and processes and can provide you with the guidance and support you need. Contact us today for a consultation, and let us help you make your dream of working in Canada a reality.

Do I need a visa if I’m just travelling through Canada on my way to another country?

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Visitor Visa to Work Permit Canada in 2024-2025

“Is it possible to convert a visitor visa to a work permit in Canada?”

Yes, it is possible. Foreign visitors in Canada with valid job offers can now apply for work permits without having to leave, thanks to a temporary policy extension until February 28, 2025.

• Temporary Policy Extension:   If you’re currently in Canada as a visitor and have received a valid job offer, you can apply for a work permit without leaving the country.
• Eligibility Criteria : You must have valid visitor status, a job offer supported by LMIA or an LMIA-exempt offer, and apply for an employer-specific work permit by February 28, 2025 .
• Conversion Steps : Apply for a Visitor Visa in Canada, consider requirements and fees, apply with necessary documentation, secure an LMIA-supported job offer, explore alternative pathways without LMIA (if needed), and apply for a work permit from within Canada.
• Post-Temporary Policy – Flagpoling : After the policy expires, individuals may need to go through a flagpole, a process involving exiting Canada through the US border, applying for a work permit, and re-entering Canada.
• Interim Authorization to Work : You can request interim authorization to work while waiting for your work permit approval.

What is Interim Work Authorization?

If you’re applying for a job in Canada and have recently visited there with a valid work permit, you can follow some special instructions to get an interim work authorization. This will allow you to start working for your new employer before your work permit is finalized.

To be eligible to apply, an applicant must:

• Have valid status in Canada as a visitor on the day they apply.
• Have a job offer supported by a labour market impact assessment (LMIA) or an LMIA-exempt offer.
• Apply for an employer-specific work permit no later than February 28, 2025.
• Meet all other standard admissibility criteria.

1. Apply for a Visitor Visa (TRV)

The first logical step to convert visitor visa to work permit in Canada is to become a Canadian visitor. You need to understand the following requirements before applying for a visitor visa (Temporary Resident Visa – TRV) for Canada.

Visitor Visa Fees and Requirements

• The application fee for a visitor visa is $100 CAD (~ 5,200 INR), while the biometrics charge is $85 CAD (~ 4,400 INR).
• A cost of $100 CAD per person is required to extend your visitor visa.
• You must pay a visa cost of $200 CAD (About 11065.45 INR) to regain your tourist status.
• Prove that you will leave the country after your visit.
• Prove that you have sufficient funds to maintain yourself and any accompanying family members while in Canada.
• Be in good health and be willing to conduct a medical exam if required.
• Not have any criminal record; be willing to get a police verification done.
• Be able to provide all supporting documents at the request of the visa officer.

Canada Visitor Visa Processing Times

TRV applications are generally processed within 30 days . However, this can vary based on factors like application type, applicant’s country, and application backlog. Always check the latest processing times on the official IRCC website. Remember, complete and accurate documentation can help avoid delays. Consult an immigration expert if needed.

It’s always best to check the most recent processing times on the official Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) website .

Application Process for a Visitor Visa

• Decide whether you want to apply online or in person.
• Complete a visa application form with all of the necessary information and papers.
• Make a certified check or bank draught payment for the visa processing cost.
• Bring your passport, photos, and other documents to the nearest Canadian visa application center.
• You must provide your fingerprints and a photograph (biometrics)
• Go to the Canada visa application center and submit your visa application form.
• Get a receipt from the application center with your unique tracking number on it.
• Use this number to track your application online.

2. Getting a Job Offer and a LMIA

After you enter Canada, you have limited time to apply for a job and get a positive LMIA. Not to mention, getting a job offer is an extremely difficult process in itself. So it is better that you do your homework properly. Let’s explain this point in detail.

Research for the Job

• Understand the labour market opportunities in your destination.
• Match your NOC code with the in-demand jobs in that area.
• Apply for Jobs online through Indeed, LinkedIn, Glassdoor, etc.
• Apply directly to the employer’s website.
• Friends and family can help to find employment opportunities.

Related Topic: How to Get a Job Offer from Outside Canada?

Get a Positive LMIA

Even after enough job research, there are high chances that you won’t be able to get a job offer from a Canadian employer. Because an employer has to fulfill the LMIA Requirements to hire you, and not many employers are willing to sponsor temporary visitors.

Factors to improve your chances to get a work permit while on a visitor visa:

• You have exceptional skills that employers won’t find anywhere else.
• You have enough contacts to support you in Canada.
• You have hired someone to search for a suitable job for you.

Visitor Visa to Work Permit (without LMIA)

You can get an open work permit without LMIA only:

• If your spouse / common-law partner has a study permit and is studying in a DLI, you can apply for an open work permit as a temporary visitor.
• If your spouse / common-law partner has a work permit and is working in occupations specified in NOC 0, A, and B, you can apply for a work permit as a visitor visa holder.
• If your spouse / common-law partner is waiting for PR and has “ approval in principal ” status, you may apply for a work permit as a visitor.
• If you have applied for PR under Spousal Sponsorship, then you can apply for a work permit while you’re waiting for the decision.

Get Professional Help with a Visitor Visa or Work Permit

Apply for a Visitor Visa or a Work Permit with the Help of Licensed RCIC Experts.

3. Converting Visitor Visa to Work Permit in Canada

New temporary policy.

After you get a positive LMIA from a Canadian employer, you can apply for a work permit from inside Canada. On February 28, 2023 , IRCC announced that foreign nationals currently in Canada on a visitor visa and who have a valid job offer would continue to be able to apply for and receive a work permit without having to leave the country. The temporary public policy has been extended by two years until February 28, 2025.

What is Flagpoling?

After the temporary policy expires, you have to go through a process called Flagpoling . In this temporary, visitors must go out of Canada through the US border, apply for a work permit, and then re-enter Canada.

Using the flagpole process to activate a new Canadian work permit is legal. However, it is important to be truthful and provide accurate information during the process. Giving false information can lead to serious consequences. Please consult an immigration expert before attempting to flagpole or change your immigration status.

4. Interim Authorization to Work

We have discussed how to convert a visitor visa to a work permit in Canada. Now, let’s understand how Interim Work Authorization works. If you apply for a work permit in Canada while under visitor status, you must wait approximately 135 days to receive it. This means that you cannot work until your work permit is approved.

IRCC addressed this problem through an “ Interim Authorization to Work .” With that, you can obtain this authorization to work quickly. You can start working immediately if you have received an employer-specific job offer . It was introduced to address labour shortages, though it is not automatic.

The process for Interim Authorization to Work is as follows:

• Fill out this IRCC web form , which is available on the official website.
• Wait for IRCC to contact you. This may take up to 30 business days (6 weeks).

Take Professional Help from Licensed Consultants

We offer immigration assistance to those looking to settle in Canada. Keshav Sharma, a licensed and regulated Canadian Immigration Consultant with years of experience, leads our team. We can help with visa applications, work permits, or permanent residency. Contact our experts to learn more about how we can help.

FAQs: Visitor Visa to Work Permit

1. what happens if i stay longer than 6 months in canada as a visitor.

If you remain in Canada as a visitor for more than six months, you will be considered an overstayer or “ out-of-status “. Overstaying your authorized period can result in various consequences, such as:

• Loss of Visitor Status : Overstaying your authorized period violates your entry conditions and may result in deportation or other immigration consequences.
• Immigration Consequences : To avoid complications and stay compliant with Canadian immigration regulations, it’s crucial to follow the authorized duration of stay in Canada. Overstaying your permitted term may jeopardize your future travel plans to the country.

2. How many days does it take to convert a visitor visa to a work permit in Canada?

The standard processing time for online applications is usually 16-20 days . However, some applications may take longer due to additional processing requirements or complexity, and in such cases, it can take up to 15-20 weeks .

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Sir currently I hold a F1 visa usa, I am in usa . I hold canada visitor visa as well. Now I am seeking work visa for Canada. I would like to move to Canada. Kindly guide further.

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Hello Kumer, Please share your detailed inquiry with [email protected] or contact us here .

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10 frequently asked questions by visitors to Canada

Recent changes to visitor visa requirements for some Mexican nationals may leave some foreign nationals looking to visit Canada with questions about their own situation.

To assist, CIC News has compiled a list of frequently asked questions that may be helpful to review before expending the time, energy and money necessary to come to Canada.

How long can I stay in Canada as a visitor?

In most cases, visitors to Canada can remain in the country for six months from the day they enter Canada (or until their passport expires, whichever comes first). The date by which a visitor must leave Canada will be indicated by a stamp in their passport and/or a document provided to them by a Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) officer.

Discover if You Are Eligible for Canadian Immigration

Visitors who would like to remain in Canada beyond their initially authorized stay can apply for an extension (more on this later).

What is the difference between a single and a multiple-entry visa?

As indicated by the name of the visa, single-entry visas permit the holder to enter Canada one time only, while a multiple-entry visa allows repeated entry to Canada so long as the visa remains valid.

Note: All visitor visa applicants are automatically considered for a multiple-entry visa but Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) reviews each application separately and issues every visitor a visa accordingly.

IRCC clarifies that single-entry visa recipients will require a new visa to enter Canada once they have left, unless they are travelling directly to either the United States or St. Pierre and Miquelon.

Meanwhile, multiple-entry visas are valid for the shorter of the following two periods: 10 years or one month before the expiration of the visa holder’s passport. Every entry to Canada using a multiple-entry visa allows the visa holder to remain in Canada for up to six months at a time.

Can I fill out one visa application for my whole family if we are travelling together?

No. While all visitor visa applications for one group of family members may be submitted in the same envelope (alongside one payment receipt accounting for the total fee of all applications), everyone must complete and sign their own visitor visa application.

This rule also applies to any other required forms, excluding the Family Information form, which must only be completed by applicants 18 years or older.

Note: Parents and guardians can help their children fill out their form(s), and every visitor visa applicant under the age of 18 must have their document(s) signed by a parent/guardian.

Is there any way I can help a friend or family member visit Canada?

Although your friends and family members must complete their own visa applications, a letter of invitation is a document you can submit to help a loved one come to Canada.

It should be noted that this document, which details how you may help the visa applicant (ex. offering to pay for accommodation), can help but does not guarantee the applicant will be approved for their visitor visa.

Do I need a medical exam to get a visitor visa?

This depends on the visitor’s length of stay in Canada.

In most cases, visitors in Canada for six months or less do not require a medical exam unless they will be working in a job where the “protection of public health is essential.” The list of jobs under this requirement is available here .

The above public health protection condition also applies to visitors who will be in Canada for longer than six months. In addition, visitors in Canada for six months or longer will need a medical exam if they meet either of the following two requirements:

• The applicant has been, for six or more consecutive months, living or residing in a designated country or territory *
• The applicant is applying for a Parent and Grandparent Super Visa

*This applies to all visitors, even those who are citizens of visa-exempt countries, who have been in any of the eligible countries “in the one year immediately preceding the date [the visitor] sought entry into Canada.”

Is a visitor visa the same thing as a visitor record?

No. A visitor visa is required by foreign nationals looking to travel and enter Canada as a visitor (in most cases, for up to six months).

Conversely, a visitor record is provided by CBSA officers to either extend or restrict the recipient’s stay in Canada. This type of document may also be given to foreign nationals, by either CBSA or IRCC, after their application to extend their stay or restore their status in Canada is approved.

Click here for additional details regarding the difference between a visitor visa and a visitor record.

I got a new passport but I have a valid visa in my old one. Can I use the visa in my old passport?

IRCC notes that it is possible to travel to Canada using a valid visitor visa placed in an old passport. However, travellers in this situation must bring both of the following documents with them to Canada:

• The old passport with the valid visa*
• The new valid passport or travel document

*Travellers may need to explain to CBSA officers why their old passport is no longer valid

Note: To avoid processing delays at the Canadian border, IRCC recommends that all visitors to Canada obtain a new visitor visa in their new, valid passport.

How can I extend my stay as a visitor?

Extending your stay in Canada requires that you submit biometrics (fingerprints and a photograph) and apply for a visitor record. This document allows visitors to Canada three options to extend their stay in the country:

• As a visitor
• As a worker authorized to work in Canada without a work permit
• As a student authorized to study in Canada without a study permit

The steps to applying for a visitor record online can be found on this IRCC webpage .

Can I file an appeal if my visitor visa is denied?

There is no appeal process for a visitor visa application from IRCC.

When an applicant is denied a visitor visa to enter Canada, they may re-apply, but IRCC recommends that they only do so if their situation has changed, or they have new information to submit that may alter the outcome of their application.

Do I need a visa if I’m just travelling through Canada on my way to another country?

Documentation for those transiting through Canada depends on an indvidual’s unique situation.

Generally, travellers can be broken down into two categories: visa-required travellers (from a visa-required country ) and visa-exempt travellers (from a country that requires an electronic Travel Authorization , eTA).

Some visa-required travellers need a visitor visa. This applies to travellers who are:

• Visiting Canada (even if travelling by air and the traveller is in Canada for less than 48 hours)
• Staying in Canada for more than 48 hours while transiting through the country to another destination
• Crossing the Canadian border via any of the following five modes of transportation: bus, car, train, boat or cruise ship

Other visa-required travellers may only require a transit visa. This applies to travellers who:

• Have an international flight that stops at a Canadian airport on the way to another country
• Will be connecting between two international flights at a Canadian airport
• Will be transiting through Canada in 48 hours or less
• Do not have a valid visitor visa

Visa-exempt travellers need an eTA to transit through Canada by air. Travellers transiting through Canada by train, bus, boat or cruise ship are not required to obtain an eTA, but must still bring with them the correct travel documents .

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New Migrants Get Work Permits. Other Undocumented Immigrants Want Them, Too.

Long-term undocumented immigrants — and their employers — are feeling left out by Biden administration policies allowing most who just crossed the border to work legally.

By Miriam Jordan and Lydia DePillis

Sam Sanchez, a Chicago restaurateur, was incensed when President Biden announced last September that his administration would extend work eligibility to nearly half a million Venezuelans, many of them migrants who had recently crossed the border illegally.

Listen to this article with reporter commentary

What about his undocumented employees like Ruben, a Mexican father of two U.S.-born children who has been in the United States since 1987, and Juan, another Mexican worker, who has trained dozens of new hires at Moe’s Cantina?

“It’s offensive that my employees and other immigrants are being leapfrogged by new arrivals,” said Mr. Sanchez, who is on the board of the National Restaurant Association.

Having built lives and families since entering the country unlawfully many years ago, they have been waiting for Congress to give them a path to work legally. “For those of us here a long time trying to do everything right, it’s just not fair that we are forgotten,” said Juan, 53, whose last name was withheld out of concern about his immigration status.

Confronted with an influx of migrants making their way to Chicago, New York and other big cities, Mr. Biden has used executive power to allow several hundred thousand of them to live and work temporarily in the United States in an effort to make them less reliant on shelters and other assistance.

Now groups representing undocumented immigrants and their U.S.-citizen children — as well as their employers — are urging the president to deploy the same broad power to open channels for the more than eight million living in the United States who are barred from legal employment.

“If President Biden can grant work permits to new arrivals, he can do it for people picking our crops, emptying bedpans and cleaning hotel rooms for more than 10 years,” said Rebecca Shi, executive director of the American Business Immigration Coalition, whose 1,400 members include business associations and company executives.

Business leaders have lobbied Republicans and Democrats on Capitol Hill for decades to overhaul the broken immigration system and address their labor needs. But the calls have gone nowhere in an increasingly polarized Congress.

At a rally in Chicago last month, demonstrators urged the Biden administration to allow undocumented immigrants to work legally. And in Las Vegas, Nevada’s governor, a Republican, and the state’s U.S. senators, both Democrats, joined employers, unions and immigrant advocates to send the same message.

The business coalition, in a letter to the president signed by more than 300 employers and trade associations, urged “immediate action” to extend work authorization to long-term undocumented people. In particular, Ms. Shi said, the president should prioritize work permits for those without legal status: more than one million undocumented spouses of U.S. citizens, 800,000 parents of U.S.-citizen children and 300,000 farm workers.

About three quarters of the 10.5 million undocumented people in the United States as of 2021 were in the labor force, according to the Pew Research Center , an independent think tank. Roughly two million people out of the overall undocumented population have a temporary legal status that makes them eligible to work.

But a sweeping action by the president to allow millions more to work legally could prompt court challenges and political attacks from critics, even as some of those same critics have stymied or undermined the administration’s efforts.

Mr. Biden’s latest proposal — a bill this year to curb unlawful migration — was backed by top Republicans in Congress. But it collapsed after Republican leaders withdrew support, bowing to pressure from former President Donald J. Trump, their party’s presumptive presidential nominee.

The surge in migration to the United States has left Mr. Biden with no easy options. The perception that he is favoring newcomers over longtime undocumented immigrants could hurt him among Latino voters, long a Democratic bloc that has begun to fragment, with an increasing number supporting Republican candidates.

Eduardo Gamarra, a professor at Florida International University who recently polled Latino voters , said that some of them who have settled in the United States may see themselves as having less in common with the new immigrants.

“When you try to say, ‘Why are you supporting these positions?’ they will tell you, one, ‘We don’t like illegals,’ even though they might have been illegal themselves,’” Dr. Gamarra said.

Channels exist for foreigners to immigrate legally to the United States, but they are available primarily to those who have specialized skills or family already in the country.

Meanwhile, international crises have pushed millions of people toward the U.S. border. Haiti, Venezuela, Cuba and Nicaragua have endured years of political and economic turbulence. Over the last year, President Biden has used humanitarian “parole” to allow about 390,000 people from those countries to come to the United States and receive work authorization, provided they have a financial sponsor.

Hundreds of thousands of other Venezuelans who have fled their country have received what is known as Temporary Protected Status, which has helped Venezuelans leave shelters as they receive work permits.

To better manage the flow of migrants, the Biden administration has promoted a smartphone app that since last year has granted parole to those who use it to schedule appointments at the border, creating another way for migrants to obtain work eligibility.

Margaret Stock, an immigration lawyer, said that the president has legal authority to authorize employment for others. “He may be reluctant, but Biden could grant parole and work permits to whoever he wanted,” she said.

A White House spokesman, Angelo Fernández Hernández, responded in general terms when asked about the push for work permits, saying that Congress had failed to consider the president’s 2021 proposal to reform immigration , and that, “the administration is constantly evaluating possible policy options.” Obtaining a work permit opens up a wider range of opportunities and raises immigrant wages by 10 percent on average, research shows .

Those who have lived unlawfully in the United States for decades typically work off the books, or present documents under a fake or stolen name to get hired, which is illegal. It has become more difficult to do that because about half of all states require employers to use an electronic system to detect irregularities.

Business owners like Mr. Sanchez who employ people without valid work documents have become increasingly vocal about the plight of their workers and their struggle filling jobs amid a labor shortage.

And although more seasonal guest worker visas have been issued in recent years for some sectors, like agriculture, employers say that granting work permits to longtime unauthorized immigrants would do more to address the problem.

“We have operations that want to grow,” said Matt Teagarden, chief executive of the Kansas Livestock Association. “Labor is a limiting factor.”

The billions of dollars that undocumented immigrants contribute to public coffers has heightened the sense that Mr. Biden’s recent efforts for newcomers are unfair. According to an analysis of 2021 census data by the American Immigration Council , undocumented workers paid $31 billion in federal, state and local taxes, including into the Social Security system from which they cannot draw retirement benefits.

Eréndira Rendón, whose parents are undocumented Mexicans in their late 60s, has watched mayors press the White House to issue work permits to recently arrived migrants straining municipal resources.

Her mother jarred pickles and her father worked in a slaughterhouse. They put two children through college and bought a home. Because they cannot receive retirement benefits, they depend on their children to help them.

“I wish the mayors were advocating as loudly for undocumented people who have been here all these years,” said Ms. Rendón, 38, who works for a nonprofit in Chicago called the Resurrection Project that helps new migrants complete work permit applications.

For some immigrants, new migrants also create competition for jobs. Although research generally shows that immigrants do not depress wages overall, there can be short-term effects on similar workers.

The dynamic is palpable in New York City at the corners where immigrants hustle for work. Lucia Goyen, director of day laborer programs at Catholic Charities of the Archdiocese of New York, says newcomers will often accept just a few dollars an hour, lowering wages for everyone.

When new arrivals receive work permits, they are free to find a job in the formal economy that is still off limits to many who have been in the city far longer.

”There has been this frustration of, ‘I’ve been here 20-30 years, I have no access to a work permit, but this is a growing list of things that new migrants are getting handed to them,’” Ms. Goyen said.

Read by Miriam Jordan

Audio produced by Jack D’Isidoro .

Miriam Jordan reports from a grass roots perspective on immigrants and their impact on the demographics, society and economy of the United States. More about Miriam Jordan

Lydia DePillis reports on the American economy. She has been a journalist since 2009, and can be reached at [email protected]. More about Lydia DePillis

Want to work remotely in Italy? The country just launched its new digital nomad visa.

Remote workers with dreams of working from the rolling hills of Tuscany or the cliffs of Positano are now one step closer to making that reality. Italy launched a new digital nomad visa.

Two years after its announcement, the highly anticipated digital nomad visa officially became available for those eligible on April 4.  

“Italian-style, everything happens slowly,” said Nick Metta, a lawyer for the law firm Studio Legale Metta , which has helped Americans relocate to Italy for decades. “Now there is a pipeline of people waiting just to file the application. It's been a long-awaited visa.” 

Most of Metta’s clients would previously apply for a student visa, which allowed them to work part time in Italy. 

Under the new visa, people will be able to work from Italy for one year, with the option to renew once their visa is due for expiration. Without a visa, U.S. travelers could only stay in Italy for up to 90 days without the ability to work.

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The launch makes Italy the latest European country to offer a digital nomad visa , which has already been available in Greece and Hungary. 

Here’s everything we know about the digital nomad visa for Italy:

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Who can apply for a digital nomad visa in Italy?

According to the official decree , the visa is meant for those who “carry out a highly qualified work activity through the use of technological tools that allow you to work remotely.” 

The regulations define eligible applicants as “digital nomads,” self-employed freelancers, “remote workers,” or those employed by a company outside of Italy and can work from anywhere, according to Studio Legale Metta.

To qualify for the visa, the applicant has to meet certain requirements:

◾ A university or college degree or an accredited professional license.

◾ Six months of work experience in the industry, or five years for applicants without a university degree.

◾ An existing employment contract.

◾ A criminal record check.

◾ Proof of an annual income of 28,000 euros (about $29,880.06).

◾ Evidence of housing in Italy.

◾ Evidence of health insurance coverage.

Applicants can also apply to have family members join them on their Italian move, but the government has to give the final approval. 

How do I apply for the digital nomad visa in Italy?

Thankfully, Metta said the paperwork for the digital nomad visa isn’t “too complicated.” 

The first stop for interested applicants will be the Italian Consulate for their area. “Consulates are basically the front of the government to receive the applications,” Metta said. Interested applicants can book an appointment with the consulate and start gathering their necessary documents. People can also apply by mailing in their application. (However, Metta did mention consulate websites are often confusing and outdated, so working with a relocation service can make things easier.)

To apply, applicants will also need a passport with an expiration date at least three months after the end of the visa period and two passport-sized photos.

Relocation services can also help people navigate the sometimes complicated process of applying for a visa, such as negotiating early termination penalties with landlords in Italy. 

These services also help people with state and tax planning, especially if people own assets in the U.S., like a house. Once in Italy, people need to register their residency with the town hall, which will determine what sort of taxes they’ll pay. People can speak to an international tax specialist to figure out their future taxes as well. 

How much will the visa cost?

According to Studio Legale Metta, the application fee is 116 euros (about $123.78) per person.

How long will the application process take?

Not too long, actually. Metta estimates the process could take just three weeks if applicants are “well-organized and have all your tax documents filed.”

Kathleen Wong is a travel reporter for USA TODAY based in Hawaii. You can reach her at [email protected] .

EU proposing post-Brexit joint youth work and study scheme with UK

According to the Commission, they do not foresee the scheme allowing UK citizens to travel around the Schengen area unimpeded, but rather the visa would only be valid for a single state.

By Adam Parsons, Europe correspondent, and Tim Baker, political reporter

Friday 19 April 2024 00:21, UK

Young people could be able to move more easily between the UK and Europe and stay longer to work, study and train under proposed plans by the European Union

Under the proposal, which has been put forward by the European Commission, new rules would be drawn up to allow for greater movement between the UK and EU countries for people aged between 18 and 30.

Formal negotiations have not yet begun, and a UK source told Sky News no formal proposal had been put forward by Brussels to begin negotiating on.

The proposal will be further discussed by the European Council, which represents all the nations, before negotiations start in earnest.

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The plans proposed by the EU would allow young people to stay in Europe for periods of four years, with the same rules extended to EU citizens coming to Britain.

It would also mean EU students paying the same fees as British ones. Since Brexit , UK universities have charged much higher fees to European students.

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Announcing the move, the European Commission said it wanted to take an "innovative" approach to tackling the barriers experienced by young people looking to travel from the EU to the UK and vice versa for longer periods.

"The objective would be to facilitate youth exchanges, making it easier for young citizens to travel, work and live in the UK, with reciprocity for young UK nationals in a member state," said the Commission, in a statement.

"The United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union has hit young people in the EU and UK who would like to study, work and live abroad particularly hard," claimed Maros Sefcovic, the Commission's vice-president who oversees relations with the UK.

"Our aim is to rebuild human bridges between young Europeans on both sides of the Channel."

This scheme is separate to the 90-day visa-less travel that UK citizens can take advantage of on the continent.

It added: "It is not about conferring to young UK nationals the benefits of the fundamental freedom of movement enjoyed by EU citizens."

However, visas would not be "purpose-bound" and would allow people to work, travel or study.

Read more: UK to rejoin EU Horizon programme through new agreement New Brexit border post could be demolished

Rather than just being a free exchange, the EU also says it wants people taking part in the scheme to be subject to checks with the bloc or the UK able to reject applications - for example if someone was thought to be a threat to public policy, security or health.

The UK government currently has a series of agreements with 13 individual countries - including New Zealand, South Korea, Andorra, Iceland and India, which provide a similar pathway to what the EU is proposing.

The government has said it is open to the idea of extending those agreements with European countries, but has shied away from doing a pan-EU deal and there will be those who fear that an agreement such as this would be the first step towards the UK being drawn into a "freedom of movement" deal.

The EU said it wants a group deal to "ensure that all member states are treated equally in respect of mobility of young people to the UK" - but the current government seems to prefer its current set of agreements.

The Commission has rejected these fears, with sources insisting there is no intention of either pulling the UK into such a deal, or even offering it.

A Number 10 spokesperson said: "We have spoken about wanting to reduce legal migration and also about wanting to support UK talent and skills and that's why we have a system in place whereby we have a number of agreements with individual EU member states where that works in our interests and we have that rather than a Commission-wide agreement."

Labour denied it had plans for a youth mobility scheme.

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Kate Nicholls, chief executive of UKHospitality, a trade body representing the hospitality sector in the UK, welcomed the move.

She said: "Such an agreement would be a huge success for hospitality and tourism and, practically, it would solve challenges for the live music and events sectors."

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