de facto travel document

De Facto Visa Holders: Can They Travel?

• Last updated Apr 01, 2024
• Difficulty Beginner

• Category Travel

De facto visa holders, also known as unmarried partners, often face unique challenges when it comes to travel. While many visa holders have the freedom to go where they please, de facto visa holders may find themselves restricted by their immigration status. In this article, we will explore the limitations and possibilities for de facto visa holders who wish to travel, shedding light on a topic that often goes unnoticed. Whether you are a de facto visa holder yourself or simply curious about the realities of their situation, this article will provide valuable insights into the complexities of their travel prospects.

What You'll Learn

Can individuals with a de facto visa travel internationally, is a de facto visa recognized for travel to all countries, are there any restrictions or limitations on travel for those with a de facto visa, what documents or proof may be required for de facto visa holders to travel, are there any specific regulations or guidelines that de facto visa holders must follow while travelling.

Individuals with a de facto visa, which is a type of visa that allows for a partner or spouse of an Australian citizen or permanent resident to live and work in Australia, may have certain restrictions when it comes to international travel.

The ability to travel internationally while on a de facto visa depends on various factors such as the specific conditions of the visa and the individual's travel history. It is essential to consult with the Department of Home Affairs or seek advice from a migration agent to fully understand the travel limitations and requirements.

In most cases, individuals on a de facto visa can travel internationally while their visa is still valid. However, it is crucial to be aware of potential risks and complications that may arise during travel. Here are some key points to consider:

• Valid Passport: Before traveling internationally, ensure that your passport is valid and will remain valid for the duration of your trip. It is essential to check the passport requirements of the destination country as well.
• Visa Conditions: Review the conditions of your de facto visa carefully. Some visas may have travel restrictions, such as a requirement to notify the Department of Home Affairs of any international travel plans. Failure to comply with these conditions may impact your visa status.
• Re-entry Rights: De facto visa holders should also be aware of their re-entry rights. Depending on the visa subclass, individuals may need to obtain a bridging visa or a resident return visa in order to re-enter Australia after traveling internationally.
• Health and Travel Insurance: It is strongly recommended to have comprehensive health and travel insurance when traveling abroad. Ensure that the insurance covers any potential medical expenses and travel disruptions.
• Returning on Time: De facto visa holders should be mindful of their visa's expiry date and plan their trip accordingly. It is essential to return to Australia before the visa expires to avoid any complications with re-entry or visa extensions.
• Seeking Professional Advice: It is advisable to consult with a migration agent or seek advice from the Department of Home Affairs before making any international travel plans. They will provide accurate and up-to-date information about your specific visa conditions and travel requirements.

Although individuals with a de facto visa can generally travel internationally, it is crucial to be aware of any specific restrictions or conditions that may apply. Ignoring these requirements can have severe consequences, including the cancellation of the visa. Following the guidelines provided and seeking professional advice will help ensure a smooth and worry-free travel experience.

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A de facto visa, also known as a partner visa, is a type of visa that allows a person to enter and stay in a country based on their de facto relationship with a citizen or permanent resident of that country. While this type of visa is recognized by many countries, it is not universally accepted by all nations.

The recognition of a de facto visa varies from country to country and is determined by the immigration laws and regulations of each individual country. In general, countries that recognize and accept de facto visas understand that not all couples choose to marry or have legal documentation of their relationship. These countries recognize that a committed and genuine relationship exists between two people, even without formalities such as marriage.

Some countries, such as Australia, New Zealand, and Canada, have specific provisions in their immigration laws that allow for the recognition of de facto relationships. These countries have established criteria that couples must meet to be eligible for a de facto visa. These criteria often include factors such as the duration of the relationship, cohabitation requirements, and evidence of a genuine and committed relationship.

On the other hand, there are countries that do not officially recognize de facto relationships for immigration purposes. These countries may have stricter requirements for entry and residency, often only accepting marriage certificates or registered partnerships as proof of a relationship. In these cases, individuals in a de facto relationship may need to explore alternative visa options, such as work visas or student visas, to enter and stay in the country.

It is important for individuals considering traveling or immigrating to a country on a de facto visa to research the specific immigration laws and requirements of that country. Each country has its own set of rules and regulations, and it is essential to understand these before making any decisions or plans.

To illustrate the varying recognition of de facto visas, consider the following examples:

• Australia: Australia recognizes de facto relationships for immigration purposes. Couples must provide evidence of their relationship, such as joint financial commitments, shared household responsibilities, and a history of cohabitation. If the relationship is deemed genuine and committed, the couple may be granted a de facto visa.
• United Arab Emirates: The United Arab Emirates (UAE) does not officially recognize de facto relationships for immigration purposes. Only married couples and immediate family members can sponsor individuals for residency visas in the UAE. Therefore, individuals in a de facto relationship may need to explore alternative visa options, such as work visas or student visas, to enter and stay in the country.

In conclusion, the recognition of a de facto visa varies from country to country. While some nations have specific provisions in their immigration laws that allow for the recognition of de facto relationships, others do not recognize this type of relationship for immigration purposes. It is essential for individuals to research the immigration laws and requirements of their desired destination country before making any travel or immigration plans.

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A de facto visa, also known as a partner visa, is granted to individuals who are in a committed relationship with an Australian citizen or permanent resident. This visa allows the non-Australian partner to live and work in Australia. However, there are certain restrictions and limitations on travel for those with a de facto visa.

One of the main limitations is the requirement to remain in Australia for a certain period of time in order to maintain the de facto visa. The non-Australian partner must live in Australia for at least two years before they can be eligible for permanent residency. This means that any travel outside of Australia during this two-year period may affect their eligibility for permanent residency.

Another limitation is the need to obtain a re-entry visa if the non-Australian partner wishes to travel outside of Australia during the two-year period. This is because the de facto visa is only valid for travel to and from Australia for a specified period of time. If the non-Australian partner wishes to leave and re-enter Australia during this period, they must obtain a re-entry visa to ensure their visa remains valid.

It's important to note that any travel outside of Australia during the two-year period may be scrutinized by the Department of Home Affairs when applying for permanent residency. The Department may question the reasons for the travel and may require additional documentation or evidence to support the non-Australian partner's ongoing commitment to the relationship.

In addition to these limitations, there may also be restrictions on travel imposed by the non-Australian partner's home country. Some countries require individuals to obtain a visa or travel permit before visiting, even if they hold a de facto visa for Australia. It is important for the non-Australian partner to research and understand any travel requirements or restrictions imposed by their home country before making travel plans.

To ensure a smooth and hassle-free travel experience, it is recommended that those with a de facto visa plan their travel carefully and communicate any travel plans with the Department of Home Affairs. This will help minimize any potential issues or complications with their visa status.

In conclusion, there are restrictions and limitations on travel for those with a de facto visa. These include the requirement to remain in Australia for at least two years to maintain eligibility for permanent residency, the need to obtain a re-entry visa for travel outside of Australia, and potential travel requirements or restrictions imposed by the non-Australian partner's home country. It is important for individuals with a de facto visa to understand and comply with these restrictions to ensure a smooth and successful visa application process.

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As a de facto visa holder, you may be required to provide certain documents or proof when you plan to travel. These documents and proof are necessary for various purposes, such as verifying your relationship status and ensuring your eligibility to enter and stay in a particular country. Here are some of the documents and proof that may be required for de facto visa holders to travel:

• Proof of Relationship: One of the key documents that you may be asked to provide is proof of your de facto relationship. This can include documents such as joint bank statements, utility bills, lease agreements, or any other official documents showing that you and your partner are living together and sharing a genuine, committed relationship. You may also need to provide photographs or affidavits from family and friends who can vouch for the authenticity of your relationship.
• Travel Documents: Just like any other traveler, you will need to have a valid passport to travel. Make sure your passport is up to date and has enough validity to cover your intended travel period. You may also need to check if the country you are traveling to requires a visa for de facto partners. In such cases, you will have to apply for the specific visa type and provide the necessary supporting documents as per their requirements.
• Medical and Health Documents: Depending on the country you are traveling to, you may be required to provide medical or health-related documents. This can include a medical certificate stating that you are fit to travel, proof of vaccination or immunization, or any other relevant health-related documents required by the immigration authorities of the destination country.
• Financial Documents: You may be asked to provide financial documents to demonstrate your ability to support yourself during your travel and stay in the destination country. This can include bank statements, proof of employment or income, or any other documents showing that you have sufficient funds to cover your expenses.
• Travel Insurance: While not mandatory, it is highly recommended for de facto visa holders to have travel insurance. Travel insurance can provide coverage for medical emergencies, trip cancellations, lost or stolen belongings, and other unforeseen circumstances during your travel. It's important to carefully read the terms and conditions of the insurance policy and ensure that it covers your specific needs and requirements.

Before you travel, it is advisable to check with the immigration authorities or embassy of the destination country to understand their specific requirements for de facto visa holders. Each country may have its own set of rules and documentation requirements, so it's important to be well-prepared and organized to ensure a smooth travel experience.

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De facto visa holders, also known as partnership or relationship visa holders, are individuals who are in a committed and genuine relationship with an Australian citizen, permanent resident, or eligible New Zealand citizen. While these visa holders enjoy certain rights and privileges, there are also regulations and guidelines that they must adhere to when traveling both within and outside of Australia.

When it comes to leaving and returning to Australia, de facto visa holders must ensure that their visa remains valid at all times. This means that they should not stay outside of Australia for extended periods that could affect the continuity of their visa. It is generally recommended that visa holders do not remain outside of Australia for more than 12 months, as this may lead to visa cancellation.

Before leaving Australia, de facto visa holders should also inform the Department of Home Affairs of their intended departure. This can be done through the department’s online portal or by contacting their nearest immigration office. Failure to notify the department may result in complications when re-entering Australia.

When traveling back to Australia, de facto visa holders should carry their valid visa grant notification or a printout of their visa details. This will help facilitate the immigration process upon arrival. It is also advisable to carry a letter from their Australian partner, affirming their ongoing relationship and support.

In terms of travel during the validity of their visa, de facto visa holders have the freedom to travel within Australia without any specific restrictions. They can explore different states and territories, visit family and friends, and enjoy the scenic attractions of the country. However, it is important to note that if any changes occur in the de facto relationship, such as separation or divorce, the visa holder should notify the Department of Home Affairs.

When it comes to international travel, de facto visa holders must be aware of the specific visa requirements of the country they wish to visit. Each country has its own immigration policies and visa regulations, and it is the responsibility of the visa holder to comply with these requirements. It is recommended to check the visa requirements and apply for any necessary visas well in advance of travel dates to avoid any last-minute complications.

Additionally, de facto visa holders should be aware of the risks involved in international travel, including the possibility of visa refusal or denial of entry by another country. It is advisable to have a contingency plan in case of unexpected issues, such as carrying extra funds, having valid travel insurance, and being prepared for possible delays or changes in travel arrangements.

To illustrate these guidelines, let’s consider the case of Sarah, a de facto visa holder who plans to visit New Zealand for a week. Before her departure, Sarah notifies the Department of Home Affairs of her travel plans, ensuring that her visa remains valid. She carries her visa grant notification and a letter from her Australian partner with her. Sarah also checks the visa requirements for New Zealand, applies for a visitor visa, and receives it in advance. During her trip, Sarah enjoys her time in New Zealand and returns to Australia without any issues.

In conclusion, de facto visa holders must ensure that their visa remains valid and comply with certain regulations and guidelines when traveling. This includes notifying the Department of Home Affairs of their departure and carrying relevant documents when re-entering Australia. Visa holders should also be aware of the visa requirements of other countries when traveling internationally and take necessary precautions to avoid any issues. By following these guidelines, de facto visa holders can have a smooth and enjoyable travel experience.

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Frequently asked questions.

Yes, a de facto visa holder is allowed to travel outside of Australia. However, they must ensure that their visa remains valid throughout their travels and that they have the necessary documentation to re-enter the country.

A de facto visa holder can generally stay outside of Australia for up to 12 months. However, they must ensure that they have a valid visa upon re-entering the country.

Yes, a de facto visa holder can leave and re-enter Australia multiple times as long as their visa remains valid. However, they should be aware of the visa conditions, such as the maximum period of stay allowed outside of Australia, to avoid any issues with their visa status.

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• Mar 28, 2019

What are de facto travel documents?

De facto travel documents are documents which are adequate to cross borders lawfully as well as to reside in a country, but which have no legal status as a travel document. This is often the case in free movement areas. In order to prove their citizenship, citizens of countries which are part of a free movement area must show some form of identification. In this case a driving license is often used as a de facto travel document. Here are some concrete examples:

The Nordic Passport Union is the first regional passport union. The Protocol regarding the elimination of passports for travel between Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Norway of 1952 gave rise to a common labor market and free movement for Nordic countries’ citizens. This was further achieved in 1954 with the Protocol about the exemption of nationals of Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden from the obligation to have a passport or residence permit while residing in a Nordic country other than their own. Citizens of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden can enter a Nordic Union country without a passport or other travel documentation and do not need any residency permit if they want to stay. Currently, the Nordic Passport Union is disrupted by temporary border controls introduced in 2015 due to the “migrant crisis”. These controls are scheduled to end by May 2019 . Identity checks have been put in place in Norway in ports with ferry connections to Denmark and Sweden and in Sweden in ferry harbors and at the land border with Denmark. However, a Nordic driver’s license is still accepted instead on a passport.

Similarly, citizens from the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) which includes Saint Lucia but also Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, St. Kitts and Nevis and St. Vincent and the Grenadines can travel to another OECS country and stay there using only a driver’s license, a voter registration card or a social security card. In addition, a CARICOM passport has been created and is being issued to all Member States of the Caribbean Community as a travel document valid for travels in the whole Community but also internationally.

In 1982, within the framework of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) a Protocol of Free Movement of people and rights to residence and establishment was signed. Article 2 of the Protocol allows all citizens from the ECOWAS countries to enter and stay in another ECOWAS country which has led to significant mobility within the region. According to the Protocol, citizens from the sub region do not need an entry visa but must submit a request for a residency permit if they decide to remain in the country. Indeed, the Protocol does not provide for a right to permanent residence , which is regulated by national law. Additional Protocol A/SP.1/7/86 on the second phase (right of residence) of the Protocol of Free Movement has not been ratified by all ECOWAS Member States which have also not all adopted the ECOWAS travel certificate, the ECOWAS passport nor have they harmonized the immigration and emigration form for the ECOWAS Member States. The ECOWAS travel certificate is a travel document issued to ECOWAS citizens valid to travel only within the region and it can replace a national passport. The ECOWAS travel certificate can also be used as an identity document. Similarly, the ECOWAS passport is a recognized travel document for inter-regional travels.

Author: Dr Fanny Tittel-Mosser

• Migration and Refugees
• Citizenship

travel document

Definition(s).

A document issued by a government or international treaty organisation which is acceptable proof of identity for the purpose of entering another country.

Derived by EMN from IOM Glossary on Migration, 2nd ed., 2011

Narrower Term(s)

Related term(s).

• fraudulent travel or identity document
• residence document

1. Passports and visas are the most widely used forms of travel documents. 2. Some States also accept certain identity cards or other documents, such as residence permits .

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Travel document

Identity document issued by a government or international entity / from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, dear wikiwand ai, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:.

Can you list the top facts and stats about Travel document?

Summarize this article for a 10 year old

A travel document is an identity document issued by a government or international entity pursuant to international agreements to enable individuals to clear border control measures. Travel documents usually assure other governments that the bearer may return to the issuing country, and are often issued in booklet form to allow other governments to place visas as well as entry and exit stamps into them.

The most common travel document is a passport , which usually gives the bearer more privileges like visa-free access to certain countries. [1] While passports issued by governments are the most common variety of travel document, many states and international organisations issue other varieties of travel documents that allow the holder to travel internationally to countries that recognise the documents. For example, stateless persons are not normally issued a national passport, but may be able to obtain a refugee travel document or the earlier " Nansen passport " which enables them to travel to countries which recognise the document, and sometimes to return to the issuing country.

Border control policies typically require travellers to present valid travel documents in order to ascertain their identity, nationality or permanent residence status, and eligibility to enter a given jurisdiction. The most common form of travel document is the passport, a booklet-form identity document issued by national authorities or the governments of certain subnational territories [lower-alpha 1] containing an individual's personal information as well as space for the authorities of other jurisdictions to affix stamps, visas, or other permits authorising the bearer to enter, reside, or travel within their territory. Certain jurisdictions permit individuals to clear border controls using identity cards, which typically contain similar personal information.

Different countries impose varying travel document regulations and requirements as part of their border control policies and these may vary based on the traveller's mode of transport. For instance, whilst America does not subject passengers departing by land or most boats to any border control, it does require that passengers departing by air hold a valid passport (or certain specific passport-replacing documents). Consequently, even though travellers departing America by air might not be required to have a passport to enter a certain country, they will be required to have a valid passport booklet to board their flight in order to satisfy American immigration authorities at departure. [2] Similarly, although several countries outside the European Economic Area accept national identity cards issued by its member states for entry, Sweden and Finland do not permit their citizens to depart for countries outside the EEA using solely their identity cards. [3] [4]

Many countries normally allow entry to holders of passports of other countries, sometimes requiring a visa also to be obtained, but this is not an automatic right. Many other additional conditions may apply, such as not being likely to become a public charge for financial or other reasons, and the holder not having been convicted of a crime . [5] Where a country does not recognise another, or is in dispute with it, it may prohibit the use of their passport for travel to that other country, or may prohibit entry to holders of that other country's passports, and sometimes to others who have, for example, visited the other country. Some individuals are subject to sanctions which deny them entry into particular countries.

Travel documents may be requested in other circumstances to confirm identification such as checking into a hotel or when changing money to a local currency. Passports and other travel documents have an expiry date, after which it is no longer recognised, but it is recommended that a passport is valid for at least six months as many airlines deny boarding to passengers whose passport has a shorter expiry date, even if the destination country may not have such a requirement.

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Ramesh Ganohariti

PhD Candidate

Human security and citizenship in de facto states

November 06, 2017 • 3 min read

Some people could become prisoners in their own country simply due to the place they are born and the passport they possess. Citizens of de facto states are most likely to be affected by this, resulting numerous human security implications.

What is a passport? To those from the developed world, it is simply a document with their name and picture. However, for millions across the world, it is an obstacle that ties them down and limits their opportunities in life.

The Passport Index , the Quality of Nationality Index and the Visa Restriction Index quantify the quality of a particular citizenship, and the passport that comes with it. The quality is dependent on factors such as the state’s scale of economy, human development, peace and stability, the passport’s visa-free travel access and the ability to settle and work abroad; thus making make one citizenship better than another . By looking at these indices, it becomes apparent that more developed countries are ranked higher on the indices. Due to this link, having a powerful passport from a developed state can drastically increase human security by giving individuals access to better education, healthcare, pensions, economic opportunities, stronger diplomatic protection, ease of international travel, and the right to abode in more countries.

Despite extensive research into the link between citizenship and human security, de facto states (such as Abkhazia, Kosovo, Nagorno-Karabakh, Northern Cyprus, Palestine, Somaliland, South Ossetia, Taiwan, and Transnistria) have been largely overlooked. As a result, this post probes into the linkage between de facto state citizenship and human security.

In most cases, the recognition of a citizenship/passport is dependent on the recognition of state sovereignty. As a result, citizenships/passports of de facto states have remained largely unrecognized by the international community. This also creates a paradox, where individuals, due to their ambiguous legal status, are labeled as stateless persons by the international community despite possessing the citizenship of the de facto state. In turn, this has heavily restricted the individuals’ freedom of movement and other benefits resulting from migration. Thus, in order to ameliorate the situation, de facto state authorities have sought alternative options to increase the human security of their citizens.

The Kosovar, Taiwanese and Palestinian cases show that citizenship can be divorced from the recognition of state sovereignty . For example, the Taiwanese passport is widely accepted, despite Taiwan having diplomatic relations with only 20 countries. Citing this case, other de facto states have worked towards increasing the recognition of their passports in order to widen the prospects of their citizens. Furthermore, to increase individual security the international community should consider recognizing the passports as valid travel documents. However, in most cases (e.g. Abkhazia, South Ossetia, Transnistria), the parent state continues to forcefully label the de facto state’s residents as its citizens; resulting in a further paradox. Thus, due to parent state opposition, the citizenships of de facto states have remained largely unrecognized.

As a result, these polities have taken other measures to ensure the citizens’ rights, including freedom of movement. In some instances, de facto states have got easy access to the travel documents (i.e. passports) of their patron states (Armenia for Nagorno-Karabakh, Turkey for Northern Cyprus, Jordan for Palestinian refugees). Other polities, on the other hand, have worked to ensure that their citizens have easy access to full citizenship of a recognized country, by adopting favorable dual citizenship legislation (e.g. Abkhazia, South Ossetia, Transnistria). As a consequence, individuals are able to enjoy the security afforded by the (more developed) recognized state. While acquiring the citizenship of a recognized state can eliminate the first paradox, this can result in another paradox where individuals can simultaneously be considered as dual citizens by states that recognized the de facto state, or as citizens of only the recognized country whose citizenship they hold.

This discussion shows that, despite efforts by de facto states to increase the human security of their citizens, due to the complicated political and legal status, they can often times be hindered in achieving this. As a result, further research and initiatives from the international community are vital to ensure that all individuals, regardless of their political or legal status, can be and feel secure in all human security dimensions.

• citizenship
• de facto states

Travel Documents Needed to Visit DR

With only a few exceptions to the rule, a passport or similar national identity document is needed to travel into the DR at all times.

Citizens of both the United States and Canada are able to enter with only a tourist card (entry tax) that can be purchased on the port of entry. For all other countries, it is important to find the state you reside in on the following lists and follow the country specific protocol.

Citizens of countries for which visas are required to enter the Dominican Republic (see list below) can do so by purchasing a tourist card if he/she already has a visa for legal entry to the US, Canada, European Union or Great Britain.

A visa can be obtained from the nearest consulate of the Dominican Republic in most instances.

Entry without a visa or tourist card:

Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Iceland, Israel, Japan, Liechtenstein, Peru, South Korea and Uruguay.

Diplomat/Government Officers travel:

If you reside in one of the following countries where the DR has agreements for diplomats/government officers travel, you are not required to carry a visa.

Argentina, Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, South Korea and Uruguay.

Travelers from Canada

Canadian travelers do not need a visa or a passport. You will need to purchase a $10 US tourist card and show proof of citizenship in the form of an original birth certificate or a certified copy (with a raised seal on it), expired passport (as long as the photo is still recognizable as yourself), a signed US voter registration card, or a US naturalization certificate at your port of entry.

Non-Resident Travelers

Those who do not reside in the DR will need to show a round-trip ticket for departure information.

Entrance with a Tourist Card

Akrotiri and Dhekelia (United Kingdom), Andorra, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Bermuda (United Kingdom), Bolivia, Botswana, Bouvet Island (Norway), Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Canada, Cayman Islands (United Kingdom), Cocos Islands (Australia), Cook Islands (New Zealand), Costa Rica, Croatia, Curacao, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, El Salvador, Estonia, Faeroe Islands (Denmark), Fiji, Finland, France, French Guiana, French Polynesia (France), Futuna Islands (France), Germany, Gibraltar (United Kingdom), Great Britain (United Kingdom), Greece, Greenland (Denmark), Grenada, Guadeloupe (France), Guam (United States), Guatemala, Guyana, Hawaii (United States), Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Holland, Honduras, Hong Kong (valid for Hong Kong passport holders), Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Jan Mayen Island (Norway), Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macao (valid for Macao passport holders), Macedonia, Malaysia, Malta, Malvinas (Falkland) Islands (United Kingdom), Marshall Islands, Martinique (France), Mauritius, Mayotte (France), Mexico, Micronesia, Monaco, Montserrat (United Kingdom), Namibia, Nauru, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Niue (New Zealand), Norfolk Island (Australia), North Ireland (United Kingdom), North Mariana Islands, Palau Island (United States), Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Polland, Portugal, Puerto Rico (United States), Qatar, Reunion (France), Romania, Russia, Samoa, San Marino, Sandwich Islands (United Kingdom), Scotland (United Kingdom), Serbia, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, St. Croix (United States), St. Helena (United Kingdom), St. John (United States), St. Lucia, St. Maarten, St. Thomas (United States), St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Svalbard (Norway), Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Tokelau (New Zealand), Tokelau Islands, Tonga, Trinidad & Tobago, Turk & Caicos Islands, Turkey, Tuvalu, Ukraine, United Arabian Emirates, United States of America, Vanuatu, Vatican City (Holy See), Venezuela, Wales (United Kingdom), Wallis, American Samoa (United States), St. Kitts & Nevis.

All legal residents who live in the Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Holland, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Spain, United States, Venezuela, with few exceptions, are permitted to enter the country and obtain a tourist card as long as they hold a current passport or national identity papers. The tourist card must be purchased immediately upon arrival.

The $10 US tourist card permits you to stay in the country for 30 days. An added RD$300 will be charged to individuals wishing to prolong their stay up to 90 days. Following that, there are scaled charges ranging from RD$500 to RD$15,000 to be able to stay five years or longer.

For those driving in the Dominican Republic for more than 15 of the 30 days on the tourist card, there will also be an extension required at the Department of Migration to ensure the driver’s license is valid. Additionally, insurance coverage must be maintained while in the country.

In the event a visa is required and a Dominican consulate does not exist in your country, you may obtain one from the nearest consulate to you or directly from the Dominican Embassy .

Countries for which a visa is required to enter the DR:

• Abkhazia (a facto independent republic within Georgia)
• Afghanistan
• American Samoa
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Burkina Faso
• Central African Republic
• Congo (Brazzaville)
• Congo (Kinshasa)
• Democratic Republic of Congo
• Equatorial Guinea
• Guinea-Bissau
• Ivory Coast
• Kosovo (Serbia)
• Myanmar (Burma)
• Nagorno-Karabakh (a de facto independent republic within Azerbaijan)
• Norfolk Island (Australia)
• North Korea
• Papua New Guinea
• Philippines
• Pitcairn Islans (France)
• Popular Republic of China
• Saint-Pierre and Miquelon Islands (France)
• Sao Tome and Principe
• Saudi Arabia
• Sierra Leone
• Somaliland (a de facto independent within Somalia)
• South Georgia (United Kingdom)
• South Ossetia (a de facto independent republic within Georgia)
• Swazilandia
• Transnistria (a de facto independent republic within Moldova)
• Turkmenistan
• Western Cyprus
• Western Sahara

The exception to the rule is that citizens of countries required to have a visa to the DR are exempt from this visa if they have a visa/valid entry to the United States, Canada, Great Britain, or the European Union in their passport. For example, those who are already approved to travel to the U.S. will be able to enter to the Dominican Republic without obtaining a separate visa.

Traveling with Children

If you travel to or from the Dominican Republic with a child that does not have your surname and you are unable to provide documentation that you are the legal guardian/parent, special documentation will need to be provided. Information can be obtained by contacting the closest Dominican consulate on the required paperwork. A notarized statement from the absent parent(s) will need to be obtained to give you permission to take the child out of the country. If traveling by air, a notarized statement must authorize the airline to carry the child.

There are multiple steps in place in the Dominican Republic to prevent international child abduction by parents without legal custody. If a child is traveling without both parents, added documentation needs to be provided. If surnames are different, a birth certificate should be provided to confirm parentage/guardianship.

More on Passports

The preferred document for international travelers is a passport. Security is enhanced today more than ever and travelers should always go abroad with a valid passport in hand. A passport is required in order to rent cars, cash traveler checks, make large purchases with a credit card, and much more. When conducting activity in the country, your passport should be with you. It is also recommended that you keep a copy of your passport to expedite a replacement in the event of loss.

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[message_box bg=”#d9edf7″] Please note that any fees and documentation mentioned in this article are subject to change at any time and without notice. While we strive to keep our content up-to-date we strongly encourage you to check with the appropriate authorities in your home country before your trip. [/message_box]

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Temporary Worker Visas

Visas for Members of the Foreign Media, Press, and Radio

Treaty Trader & Treaty Investor and Australians in Specialty Occupations

Visas for Canadian and Mexican USMCA Professional Workers

Domestic Renewal of H-1B Nonimmigrant Visas for Certain Applicants

Treaty Trader & Treaty Investor and Australians in Specialty Occupations

Generally, a non-citizen who wishes to travel to the United States must first obtain a visa, either a nonimmigrant visa for temporary stay, or an immigrant visa for permanent residence. Treaty Trader (E-1), Treaty Investor (E-2), and Australian in Specialty Occupation (E-3) nonimmigrant visas may be issued to elegible nationals of countries with which the United States maintains treaties of commerce and navigation or are considered a treaty country based on legislation. For a list of participating countries, select  Treaty Countries .

To be elegible for an E-2 visa, you must:

• engage in substantial trade, including trade in services or technology, in qualifying activities, principally between the United States and the treaty country;
• develop and direct the operations of an enterprise in which you have invested a substantial amount of capital; or
• work for the E visa enterprise as an executive, supervisor, or essentially skilled employee. 

To be elegible for an E-3 visa, you must:

• be a national of Australia working in a specialty occupation.

For more information on business investment in the United States, see the U.S. Department of Commerce website  SelectUSA . 

To qualify for a Treaty Trader (E-1) Visa

• You must be a national of a treaty country.
• The U.S. enterprise (trading firm) for which you plan to come to the United States must have the nationality of the treaty country.
• For an enterprise to have the nationality of a treat country, at least 50 percent of the business or entity must be owned by persons with the treaty country’s nationality.
• You or the U.S. enterprise (trading firm) will carry out international trade that is substantial, meaning that there is a sizable and continuing volume of trade; More than 50 percent of the international trade involved must be between the United States and the treaty country.
• Trade means the international exchange of goods, services, and technology.
• If you are not the treaty trader, you must be employed in a supervisory or executive capacity, or possess specialized skills essential to the efficient operation of the U.S. enterprise (trading firm).
• You must intend to depart the U.S. when your E-1 status expires.

To qualify for a Treaty Investor (E-2) Visa

• The U.S. investment enterprise must have the nationality of a treaty country. For an enterprise to have the nationality of a treat country, at least 50 percent of the business or entity must be owned by persons with the treaty country’s nationality.
• The investment in the U.S. must be substantial and sufficient to ensure the successful operation of the enterprise. Uncommitted or revokable funds in a bank account or similar security are generally not considered an investment.
• The U.S. enterprise must be a real and operating,  commercial enterprise .
• The enterprise must generate more income than just to provide a living to you and family, or it must have a significant economic impact in the United States.
• If you are the principal investor, you must be coming to the United States to develop and direct the enterprise. If you are not the principal investor, you must be coming to the U.S. to be employed in a supervisory, executive or possess specialized skills essential to the efficient operation of the U.S. enterprise.
• You must intent to depart the U.S. when your E-2 status expires.

To qualify for an Australian in Specialty Occupation (E-3) Visa

• You must be a national of Australia.
• You must have an approved Labor Condition Application (LCA) issued by the  Department of Labor  (DOL).
• Please see the  USCIS page on H-1B  visas for more information on “specialty occupation”
• You must demonstrate that you have the necessary academic qualifications for the job.
• You must intend to depart the U.S. when your E-3 status expires. 

Important Notice: Same-sex Marriage

Effective immediately, U.S. Embassies and Consulates will adjudicate visa applications that are based on a same-sex marriage in the same way that we adjudicate applications for opposite gender spouses. Please reference the specific guidance on the visa category for which you are applying for more details on documentation required for derivative spouses. For further information, please see our  FAQ’s .

How to Apply

There are several steps to apply for a visa. The order of these steps and how you complete them may vary at the U.S. Embassy or Consulate where you apply. Please consult the instructions available on the  embassy or consulate website  where you will apply. 

Complete the Online Visa Application

• Online Nonimmigrant Visa Application,  Form DS-160  –  Learn more  about completing the  DS-160 . You must: 1) complete the online visa application and 2) print the application form confirmation page to bring to your interview.
• Photo  – You will upload your photo while completing the online Form DS-160. Your photo must be in the format explained in the  Photograph Requirements . 

Schedule an Interview

While interviews are generally not required for applicants of certain ages outlined below, consular officers have the discretion to require an interview of any applicant, regardless of age.

You must schedule an appointment for your visa interview, generally, at the  U.S. embassy or consulate  in the country where you live. You may schedule your interview at any U.S. embassy or consulate, but be aware that it may be difficult to demostrate that you qualify for a visa outside of your place of permanent residence. 

Wait times for interview appointments vary by location, season, and visa category, so you should apply for your visa early. Review the interview wait time for the location where you will apply:

Appointment Wait Time

Check the estimated wait time for a nonimmigrant visa interview appointment at a U.S. Embassy or Consulate.

Note: Please check the individual Embassy or Consulate website to determine if your case is eligible for a waiver of the in-person interview.

Applicants scheduling visa appointments in a location different from their place of residence should check post websites for nonresident wait times.

Select a U.S. Embassy or Consulate:

Prepare for your interview.

• Fees - Pay the non-refundable visa application fee , if you are required to pay it before your interview.  When your visa is approved, you may also pay a visa issuance fee, if applicable to your nationality. Fee information is provided below:

Select your nationality to see Issuance Fee

• Review the instructions available on the website of the  embassy or consulate  where you will apply to learn more about fee payment.

Gather Required Documentation

Gather and prepare the following required documents before your visa interview:

• Passport  valid for travel to the United States - Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the United States (unless exempt by  country-specific agreements ). If more than one person is included in your passport, each person who needs a visa must submit a separate application.
• Nonimmigrant Visa Application,  Form DS-160  confirmation page
• Application fee payment receipt , if you are required to pay before your interview
• Photo  – You will upload your photo while completing the online Form DS-160. If the  photo upload fails,  you must bring one printed photo in the format explained in the  Photograph Requirements . 
• all E-1 treaty trader visa applicants; and
• E-2 treaty investor visa applicants, if you are an Executive/Manager/Essential Employee.
• An approved Labor Condition Application (LCA), which the U.S. employer obtains from the Department of Labor.
• Evidence of academic or other qualifying credentials, such as required academic degrees and certificates or proof of sufficient work experience in specialty field.
• Job offer letter from the U.S. employer.
• In the absence of academic or other qualifying credentials, evidence of education and experience that is equivalent to the required U.S. degree.
• A certified copy of any required license or other official permission to practice the occupation in the state of intended employment if so required or, where licensure is not necessary to commence immediately the intended specialty occupation employment upon admission, evidence that the required license will be obtained within a reasonable time after admission.

Additional Documentation May Be Required

Review the instructions for how to apply for a visa on the website of the  embassy or consulate  where you will apply. Additional documents may be requested to establish if you are qualified.

Treaty Trader (E-1) or Treaty Investor (E-2) visa applicants must establish that the trading enterprise or investment enterprise meets the requirements of the law and complies with the many requirements for the E visa category. The consular officer may provide you with special forms to complete for this purpose. Australian in Specialty Occupation (E-3) visa applicants must establish that they have obtained the required academic or other qualifying credentials for the intended specialty occupation. You should expect that the consular officer will request additional documentation to determine your eligibility for a treaty trader or treaty investor visa or for an Australian in Specialty Occupation visa. It is impossible to specify the exact documentation required since circumstances vary greatly by applicant. For detailed requirements for this category, review  9 Foreign Affairs Manual 402.9 Treaty Trader and Treaty Traders Investors and Specialty Occupations -E Visas .

Attend Your Visa Interview

During your visa interview, a consular officer will determine whether you are qualified to receive a visa, and if so, which visa category is appropriate based on your purpose of travel. You will need to establish that you meet the requirements under U.S. law to receive the category of visa for which you are applying. 

Ink-free, digital fingerprint scans will be taken as part of your application process. They are usually taken during your interview, but this varies based on location.

After your visa interview, your application may require further  administrative processing . You will be informed by the consular officer if further processing is necessary for your application.

When the visa is approved, you may pay a visa issuance fee if applicable to your nationality, and will be informed how your passport with visa will be returned to you. Review the  visa processing time , to learn how soon your passport with visa will generally be ready for pick-up or delivery by courier. 

Entering the United States

A visa allows a foreign citizen to travel to a U.S. port-of-entry (generally an airport) and request permission to enter the United States. A visa does not guarantee entry into the United States. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS), U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officials at the port-of-entry have authority to permit or deny admission to the United States. If you are allowed to enter the United States, the CBP official will provide an admission stamp or paper Form I-94, Arrival/Departure Record. Learn more about admissions and entry requirements, restrictions about bringing food, agricultural products, and other restricted/prohibited goods, and more by reviewing the  CBP website .

Extending Your Stay

See  Extend Your Stay  on the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) website to learn about requesting to extend your stay beyond the date indicated on your admission stamp or paper Form I-94.

You must depart the United States on or before the date indicated on your admission stamp or paper Form I-94, unless your request to extend your stay is approved by USCIS.

Failure to depart the United States on time will result in you being  out of status . Under U.S. law, visas of travelers who are out of status are automatically voided ( Section 222(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ). If you had a multiple-entry visa and it was voided due to you being out of status, it will not be valid for future entries into the United States.

Failure to depart the United States on time may also result in you being ineligible for visas you may apply for in the future. Review  Visa Denials  and  Ineligibilities and Waivers: Laws  to learn more.

Change of Status

While in the United States, you may be able to request that U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) change your nonimmigrant status to another nonimmigrant category. See  Change My Nonimmigrant Status  on the USCIS website to learn more.

Requesting a change of status from USCIS while you are in the United States and before your authorized stay expires does not require that you apply for a new visa. However, if you cannot remain in the United States while USCIS processes your change of status request, you must apply for a visa at a U.S. Embassy or Consulate.

Additional Information

• We cannot guarantee that you will be issued a visa. Do not make final travel plans or buy tickets until you have a visa.
• Your spouse and unmarried children under age 21 may apply for visas to accompany or join you to reside temporarily.  
• For information about employment and study, review  Employment Authorization  on the USCIS website.
• The spouse and children of an E-3 visa applicant are not required to be Australian citizens to be eligible for an E-3D dependent visa. However, the U.S. does not recognize De Facto relationships for the purposes of immigration, and to qualify as a spouse you will need a marriage certificate.
• Unless canceled or revoked, a visa is valid until its expiration date.  Therefore, a valid U.S. visa in an expired passport is still valid.  If you have a valid visa in your expired passport, do not remove it from your expired passport. You may use your valid visa in your expired passport along with a new valid passport for travel and admission to the United States.

Visa Denial and Eligibility

Review  Visa Denials  for detailed information about visa ineligibilities. denials, and waivers.

Visa Renewal

Whether you are applying for the first time or renewing your visa, you will use the same application process (please review  How to Apply , above). Some applicants seeking to renew their visas in certain visa classes may be eligible for the Interview Waiver Program (IWP) which allows qualified individuals to apply for visa renewals without being interviewed in person by a U.S. consular officer. Review the instructions on the website of the  U.S. Embassy or Consulate  where you will apply to determine if the IWP is available and if you qualify.

Misrepresentation or Fraud

Attempting to obtain a visa by the willful misrepresentation of a material fact, or fraud, may result in the permanent refusal of a visa or denial of entry into the United States.

Review  Ineligibilities and Waivers: Laws .

Further Questions

• Case-Specific Questions  - Contact the U.S. Embassy or Consulate handling your visa application for status information. Select  U.S. Embassy or Consulate  for contact information.
• General Questions  - Review  Contact Us .

More Information

A-Z Index Lost/Stolen Travel Documents Denials Temporary Workers-USCIS Fraud Warning Border Security/Safety Visa Expiration Date Automatic Revalidation Nonimmigrants in the United States–Applying for Visas in Canada or Mexico Visa Applicants - State Sponsors of Terrorism Find a U.S. Embassy or Consulate Australian Professional Specialty (E-3) Customer Service Statement

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How to apply

Refugee travel document and certificate of identity services are now available

If you already applied and now need a travel document urgently, contact us .

Tell us if your travel document application is now urgent

Fill out our web form :

• Under Type of application/enquiry, select Certificate of Identity/Refugee Travel Document
• include your travel date
• include the reason you need the travel document

Answer a few questions to find out how to apply. Keep in mind

•   you need to be in Canada to get service
•   In person services are not available.

Are you in Canada right now?

Who is the travel document or certificate of identity for?

The application process is the same for both documents.

When do you need the travel document?

• 30 business days or less
• 31 business days or more

Apply for a travel document or certificate of identity – adults (16 years of age or over)

Floods in British Columbia

If you’re directly affected by the floods, you may be able to get

• free replacement of documents that are lost, damaged, destroyed or inaccessible due to the floods
• urgent processing and a refund for an application you’ve submitted because of the floods

Find out how to apply

1. Contact us for next steps

Fill out our web form .

• Under Type of application/enquiry , select Certificate of Identity/Refugee Travel Document.
• Include the date you need the travel document and the reason you need it.

After you fill out the form, we’ll contact you and give you information on the next steps.

• While you wait for us to contact you, you can start getting your application ready.

The application form is the same for travel documents and certificates of identity.

2. Complete the form

To save time, complete the form on a computer. Sign each page of the application.

Download the adult travel document application [PPTC 190] (PDF, 1.64 MB)

Someone else can help you complete the form, like a family member or a friend you trust. However, they must be 18 years of age or older.

If you can’t write and won’t be able to sign your document once you get it, include a medical letter explaining that you don’t write.

Instructions and tips

• If you can’t open the form, follow these instructions .
• To get a Braille instruction booklet or large-print forms, contact us .
• Read the instructions at the end of the form to make sure you complete it properly.
• Sign each page of the application.
• cross it out on the form and write “parent’s surname at birth”
• fill in the field with the surname (last name) at birth of 1 parent, and
• write your initials in the margin

3. Gather all necessary documents and get a passport photo

Here is a list of necessary documents:

• Your proof of immigration status in Canada
• the original document or
• a photocopy of it signed by your guarantor
• Any valid passport or travel document issued in your name
• They can handwrite this or use a stamp.
• Stick-on labels are not accepted.
• Your guarantor must sign it and write, “I certify this to be a true likeness of (your name).”

Read the full photo requirements for more information.

All your documents must be in English or French. If a document is in another language, provide an official translation .

You may need extra documents if you’re

• changing your name
• replacing a lost, stolen or damaged travel document
• changing the sex on your travel document

4. Find a guarantor and 2 references

You need a guarantor who meets the requirements for a travel document to sign

• your application
• the back of 1 of your passport photos
• the front and back of all photocopies of your supporting identity documents (ID)

You also need 2  references to include on your application.

Your references and guarantor must have known you for at least 6 months. Learn who’s eligible to act as a guarantor and as a reference .

Apply for a travel document or certificate of identity for a child (under 16 years of age) (30 business days or less)

The application form is the same for refugee travel documents and certificates of identity. Once we receive your application, we decide

• which type of travel document to give the child
• how long it will be valid for
• Under Type of application/enquiry , select Certificate of Identity/Refugee Travel Document .

While you wait for us to contact you, you can start getting the child’s application ready.

To save time, complete the form on a computer. All parents or legal guardians should sign the application form.

Download the child travel document application [PPTC 192] (PDF, 1.77 MB)

Someone else can help you complete the form, like a family member or a friend you trust. However, they must be 18 years of age or older.

• If you can’t open the form,  follow these instructions .
• To get a Braille instruction booklet or large-print forms,  contact us .
• fill in the field with the surname (last name) at birth of 1 parent and

Include the following documents with the application:

•  a photocopy of the child’s proof of immigration status in Canada
•   proof of parentage   (opens in a new tab) or proof of legal guardianship (if applicable)
•  all documents (including any divorce judgment or order) pertaining to the child that refer to custody, decision-making responsibilities, access, parenting time and/or mobility
•  any valid passport or travel document issued in the child’s name
• Your guarantor   (opens in a new tab) must sign it and write, “I certify this to be a true likeness of (the child’s name).”
• Read the full photo requirements   (opens in a new tab) for more information.

You need to provide extra documents if you’re

• replacing a lost, stolen or damaged travel document   (opens in a new tab)
• This may include a legal name change certificate, a court order or an adoption order displaying the child’s old and new name.
• changing their gender identifier   (opens in a new tab)

All your documents must be in either English or French. If a document is in another language, you must provide an  official translation (opens in a new tab)   .

4. Find a guarantor

• the child’s application
• the back of 1 of the child’s passport photos

The guarantor must have known you for at least 6 months and must know of your child. Learn who’s eligible to act as a guarantor .

1. Complete the form

2. gather all necessary documents and get a passport photo.

Include the following documents with your application form:

• a photocopy of your proof of immigration status in Canada
• any valid passport or travel document issued in your name
• your guarantor must sign it and write “I certify this to be a true likeness of (your name)”

3. Find a guarantor and 2 references

You also need 2 references to include on your application.

Your references and guarantor must have known you for at least 6 months. Learn who’s eligible to act as a guarantor and as a reference .

4. Pay your fees

Your fees and payment methods depend on which document you apply for.

Fees and how to pay them (opens in a new tab)  

5. Submit your application

You need to apply by mail. In person services are not available.

We recommend you use a certified courier or traceable mail service to reduce delivery time, protect your documents and track delivery.

Courier address

Centralized Network – Certificate of Identity Section – Crémazie 6th Floor (OSC) 365 Laurier Avenue West Ottawa, Ontario K1A 1L1

Mailing address (non-courier)

OSC PPT-COI PO Box 8783 STN T CSC Ottawa, Ontario K1G 5G8

Apply for a travel document or certificate of identity for a child (under 16 years of age) (31 business days or more)

The application form is the same for travel documents and certificates of identity. Once we receive your application, we decide

• which type of travel document to give you

3. Find a guarantor

You’ll need to find a guarantor to sign

• the back of 1 of the photos

Your guarantor must

• be a permanent resident or a Canadian citizen
• live in Canada
• have known you (the child’s parent or legal guardian) personally for at least 6 months and know of the child
• registered or licensed and
• currently works in their field

See the list of eligible occupations, as well as the full requirements for a travel document guarantor .

Proof of immigration status documents

Documents you can use as proof of immigration status in Canada include

• a valid permanent resident card
• a temporary resident permit
• a notice of decision from the Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB)
• an IRCC verification of status (VOS) document
• a positive pre-removal risk assessment (PRRA) results letter

How to open our forms

You need to

• The forms may not open on mobile devices (iPads, tablets, mobile phones).
• save the file on your computer in a place you can remember
• If you don’t have it, download Adobe Reader 10 for free.
• Adobe has help for solving common issues with Reader .

For more help, see our step-by-step instructions on downloading and opening PDFs . If you still have trouble opening the forms, contact us online or call us at 1-800-567-6868. If you’re outside Canada or the United States, contact the closest Canadian government office abroad .

You need to be in Canada to apply for a travel document

Travel document services aren’t available outside of Canada.

If you have an emergency, contact the nearest Government of Canada office abroad .

• Next: After you apply

Page details

Travel document

A travel document is an identity document issued by a government or international treaty organization to facilitate the movement of individuals or small groups of persons across international boundaries. Travel documents usually assure other governments that the bearer may return to the issuing country, and are often issued in booklet form to allow other governments to place visas as well as entry and exit stamps into them. The most common travel document is a passport, which usually gives the bearer more privileges like visa-free access to certain countries. However, the term is sometimes used only for those documents which do not bear proof of nationality, such as a refugee travel document.

Latvia and Estonia

American samoa.

• Laissez passer and emergency passports

Israeli travel documents

Naturalised israeli citizens, un travel documents, aliens and refugees, other documents as travel documents, national identity card.

• Drivers licence

De facto travel documents

Other means of identification.

In general, a passport is a travel document that also serves as proof of nationality from the issuing country. Although generally accepted by the majority of countries in the world, some issuing countries expressly exclude the validity of passports from nations that are not recognized by their governments.

Non-citizens in Latvia and Estonia are individuals, primarily of Russian or Ukrainian ethnicity, who are not citizens of Latvia or Estonia but whose families have resided in the area since the Soviet era, and thus have the right to a non-citizen passport issued by the Latvian government as well as other specific rights. Approximately two thirds of them are ethnic Russians, followed by ethnic Belarussians, ethnic Ukrainians, ethnic Poles and ethnic Lithuanians.

Non-citizens in the two countries are issued special non-citizen passports as opposed to regular passports issued by the Estonian and Latvian authorities to citizens. This form of legal discrimination is often labelled as xenophobic.

Although all U.S. citizens are also U.S. nationals, the reverse is not true. As specified in 8 U.S.C. § 1408, a person whose only connection to the U.S. is through birth in an outlying possession (which is defined in 8 U.S.C. § 1101 as American Samoa and Swains Island (which is administered as part of American Samoa)), or through descent from a person so born, acquires U.S. nationality but not U.S. citizenship. This was formerly the case in only four other current or former U.S. overseas possessions.

The U.S. passport issued to non-citizen nationals contains the endorsement code 9 which states: "THE BEARER IS A UNITED STATES NATIONAL AND NOT A UNITED STATES CITIZEN." on the annotations page.

Non-citizen U.S. nationals may reside and work in the United States without restrictions, and may apply for citizenship under the same rules as resident aliens. Like resident aliens, they are not presently allowed by any U.S. state to vote in federal or state elections, although, as with resident aliens, there is no constitutional prohibition against their doing so.

Laissez-passer and emergency passports

A laissez-passer (from the French let pass ) is a travel document issued by a national government or certain international organizations, such as the United Nations, European Union and the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). A laissez-passer is often for one-way travel to the issuing country for humanitarian reasons only such as Restoring Family Links. Some national governments issue laissez-passers to their own nationals as emergency passports. Others issue them to people who are stateless, or who are unable to obtain a passport from their own government, or whose government is not recognized by the issuing country.

One such example is the People's Republic of China, which issues the non-passport Chinese Travel Document to its nationals under certain circumstances. One such circumstance stems from a reported loss of passport while traveling or living abroad. China issues a temporary two-year validity Travel Document in lieu of a passport to allow said citizen to complete their travels and return to China to apply for a replacement Chinese passport. Under other circumstances such as a Chinese citizen studying or working abroad, the Chinese embassies or consulates will issue passports if requested. This Travel Document is a blue-covered passport-sized booklet clearly denoted "TRAVEL DOCUMENT" as opposed to the usual red-covered passport.

Historically, laissez-passers were commonly issued during wartime and at other periods, literally acting as a pass to allow travel to specific areas, or out of war zones or countries for various officials, diplomatic agents, other representatives or citizens of third countries. In these contexts, a laissez-passer would frequently include quite specific and limited freedom of movement. The form and issuing authority would be more or less standardized, depending on the circumstances.

An example is when in the early 1950s, the Iraqi government granted permission to its 120,000 Jewish citizens to leave (Operation Ezra and Nehemiah), conditional on their renouncing their citizenship and leaving behind all their properties and assets. The travel document that was issued was the laissez-passer, since an Iraqi passport was no longer possible.

Laissez-passer documents may also be issued to goods or other non-living objects to facilitate their transport across international borders. For instance, the Agreement on the Transfer of Corpses sets out rules whereby human corpses may be issued laissez-passer documents in order for a body to be buried or cremated in a country different from the one in which the person died.

In 2008, the United States Department of Homeland Security denied entry to an Ethiopian asylum seeker carrying a laissez-passer on the basis of a Wikipedia entry describing the document. The United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit overturned a ruling by the Board of Immigration Appeals which had upheld the deportation, as there is no guarantee that information in a Wikipedia article is accurate.

The Israeli authorities maintain a unique system of travel documents issued to Palestinian citizens outside Palestinian Authority-administered areas, Syrians residing in the Golan Heights, and to certain Israeli citizens.

People who immigrate to Israel are generally not eligible for an Israeli passport until they have resided in Israel for at least 75% of their first year of citizenship. Such citizens are issued a "travel document in lieu of national passport" in their first year of citizenship.

The United Nations and the International Labour Organization issue laissez-passers to officials and members of the UN and other specialized agencies as well as to several international organizations. The laissez-passer is also issued to their families for official use. The United Nations Laissez-Passer is similar to a passport, and is generally recognized worldwide, although some countries will not accept the document as sufficient to gain entry. It does not generally confer diplomatic immunity, but may confer limited immunities and privileges.

Between 2000 and 2010, the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) issued travel documents to residents of Kosovo as they were often not able to obtain a passport through other channels.

• Refugee travel document (formally: 1951 Convention travel document) are passport-like booklets issued by national governments to refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees.
• 1954 Convention travel documents are similar documents issued to stateless persons under the 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons. The document is the successor of the (now defunct) League of Nations' Nansen passport.
• Alien's passports and certificates of identity are passport-like booklets issued by national governments to resident foreigners, other than those issued under the 1951 and 1954 conventions mentioned above. However, some governments issue certificates of identity to their own nationals as emergency passports.

Several other groups of documents issued for a different purpose officially serve as travel documents, generally for a limited set of countries. Such documents (when allowing full border crossing -exiting one country, and entering another- only) are discussed below:

Identity cards are generally issued as a means of identification within a country, but in some cases they may also be used as a travel document. For example, EU, EEA and Swiss citizens can use their national identity cards to exercise their right of free movement in the EU, EEA and Switzerland without a visa. They can also visit most other countries in Europe as well as a few countries and territories outside Europe. Similarly, citizens of most South American countries can use their ID cards for travel between the countries.

A U.S. passport card can be regarded an identity card fit for terrestrial international travel, particularly in North America.

Driver's licence

Driver's licenses are generally not considered travel documents, since they bear no information on nationality and conditions which would lead to refusal of a travel document have generally not been tested. However, in several provinces of Canada and U.S. states, nationals/citizens can — upon payment of an extra fee and additional information — receive an Enhanced Driver's License which enables border crossing between Canada and the U.S. by land and sea.

De facto travel documents are documents which in practice will be sufficient to cross borders legally, but with no legal status as a travel document. Within the Border Controls in the Common Travel Area, travel between Ireland, the United Kingdom, the British Crown Dependencies, Isle of Man and Channel Islands, no travel documents are required by British or Irish citizens. As this requirement does not hold for others, these citizens have to establish the presumption of having this nationality, which requires in practice some form of identification. The documents used for this purpose (most notably: driving licence) are thus de facto travel documents. Some airlines still require passport from CTA citizens.

The Nordic Passport Union means that Nordic citizens (of Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Iceland) can stay in all those countries (on the paper) without any I.D., in the same way as in the home country. In reality an I.D. card is needed for travel and other situations, and any Nordic I.D. card is valid in the area for travel purposes (but not for residence, e.g. doing banking or authority contacts).

Strictly speaking, it is not necessary for an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen to possess a valid travel document (such as a national identity card or passport) to enjoy the right of free movement in the EU, EEA and Switzerland. In theory, if an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen can prove his/her nationality by 'any other means' (e.g., by presenting an expired national identity card or passport, or a citizenship certificate), he/she must be permitted to enter and reside in the EU, EEA and Switzerland without a visa. An EU citizen who is unable to demonstrate his/her nationality satisfactorily must nonetheless be given 'every reasonable opportunity' to obtain the necessary documents or to have them delivered within a reasonable period of time.

News | Ohtani’s interpreter charged with bank fraud,…

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News | Ohtani’s interpreter charged with bank fraud, stealing $16 million from ballplayer

Ippei mizuhara ‘used and abused’ his position of trust ‘to plunder mr. ohtani’s bank account,’ said the u.s. attorney for los angeles.

Baseball superstar Shohei Ohtani’s former interpreter has been charged with stealing more than $16 million from Ohtani’s bank account to pay the translator’s illegal gambling debts, federal authorities announced Thursday, April 11.

Ippei Mizuhara, who was fired by Ohtani’s current team, the Los Angeles Dodgers, is charged with a single count of bank fraud, carrying a possible federal prison sentence of up to 30 years.

Related: Ippei Mizuhara made 19,000 illegal wagers and fell into debt by more than $40 million, feds reveal

Mizuhara is scheduled to surrender Friday in U.S. District Court in Los Angeles, authorities said. He is expected to be released on bond. Mizuhara’s attorney, Michael Freedman, declined comment Thursday.

At a news conference in downtown Los Angeles, U.S. Attorney for Los Angeles Martin Estrada said Mizuhara, 39, of Newport Beach had impersonated Ohtani in phone calls to the bank to authorize the wire transfers to an illegal bookmaking operation. Estrada said Mizuhara in 2018 helped Ohtani set up the bank account in Arizona to deposit the ballplayer’s salary, so he was familiar with the codes and personal information necessary to access the money.

Investigators found recordings of the phone calls between Mizuhara and bank officials.

Mizuhara allegedly told Ohtani’s U.S.-based financial professionals, none of whom spoke Japanese, that Ohtani had denied them access to the account, authorities said.

Ohtani knew nothing of the fraud or gambling payments and was purely a victim, Estrada said, adding that investigators reviewed electronic communications between Ohtani and Mizuhara and none included discussions about gambling or authorization to access Ohtani’s bank account.

“Mr. Mizuhara used and abused (his) position of trust in order to plunder Mr. Ohtani’s bank account,” Estrada said, adding that Mizuhara was feeding an “insatiable appetite” for gambling.

Authorities added that up until March, Mizuhara also used Ohtani’s account to buy about 1,000 baseball cards for $325,000 through eBay and Whatnot. Mizuhara allegedly used the alias “Jay Min” and had the cards sent to the Dodgers’ clubhouse.

Mizuhara’s involvement with the Orange County bookmaker turned up in a far-reaching investigation by the IRS, Homeland Security and FBI into illegal gambling in Southern California and the laundering of proceeds through Las Vegas casinos, according to an affidavit filed with the federal complaint. To date, the probe has led to 12 convictions and what authorities called “non-prosecution agreements” with two casinos in Las Vegas.

Mizuhara met the bookmaker in 2021 — a source said in San Diego after a Padres game — and started placing sports bets, according to authorities. In time, the bets became more frequent and of higher denominations, amounting to thousands of wagers. None was on baseball, Estrada said.

From November 2021 to January 2024, Mizuhara wired funds through his electronic devices and IP addresses to the bookie, authorities said.

Estrada said winnings from Mizuhara’s gambling ventures went straight to his account, not Ohtani’s.

Mizuhara was fired by the Dodgers in late March while the team was in Seoul, South Korea, for two major league games with the Padres after published allegations tied him to an estimated $4.5 million in payouts from Ohtani’s bank account to the alleged illegal bookmaking operation.

At the time, Ohtani’s attorneys issued a news release that the Dodgers superstar was the victim of “massive fraud” and that they were turning the matter over to authorities.

Mizuhara, a graduate Diamond Bar High School, told ESPN that he had paid the money through Ohtani’s account to an associate of alleged bookie Mathew Bowyer , a former exterminator and commodities trader who now operates a Brazilian jujitsu studio.

Bowyer’s attorney, Diane Bass, has said Bowyer dealt only with Mizuhara and never with Ohtani. But a source affiliated with Bowyer said the bookmaker allowed his associates to believe that Ohtani was doing the betting as a way of drumming up business.

In a later news conference in Seoul, Ohtani told a worldwide gathering of reporters that he never gambled and that Mizuhari had lied to him and stole from him. Ohtani told the media that he was “very saddened and shocked.”

The source said Mizuhara bet on international soccer and professional football and basketball, not baseball, which is disallowed by the league.

Mizuhara was a fixture in Ohtani’s life during the ballplayer’s meteoric rise in the big leagues, initially with the Los Angeles Angels. More than just an interpreter, he had become a trusted friend and what Estrada described as a “de facto manager.” Mizuhara often caught for Ohtani in pregame warm-ups, battled with him in video games and made grocery runs for Ohtani during the pandemic.

Ohtani took Mizuhara with him when he left the Angels after six years to join the Dodgers in free agency on a 10-year, $700 million contract.

In the aftermath of the gambling scandal, questions arose about Mizuhara’s resume, as cited in news stories and the Angels media guide. The Athletic reported that Mizuhara never attended or graduated from UC Riverside as stated in his bio and that he did not interpret for players in Boston and New York.

Staff writer Scott Schwebke contributed to this report.

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Somalia accused of ‘threatening national unity’ with new constitution

Semi-autonomous state of Puntland refuses to recognise changes to the fragile country’s constitution and has withdrawn from the federal system

A new constitution for Somalia , bringing in universal suffrage and dismantling the clan voting system, has been refused recognition by the most stable and wealthiest of the country’s states.

The semi-autonomous state of Puntland says it has withdrawn from the country’s federal system until constitutional amendments passed by parliament in Somalia are approved in a nationwide referendum.

The information minister from the Puntland claimed the amendments risked more violence in Somalia, a country wrestling with insecurity from the al-Qaida-linked al-Shabaab group. Mohamud Aidid Dirir told the Guardian that “almost a totally new constitution” had been introduced without input from the Puntland’s leaders. He accused the Somali president, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, of using parliament to “gather authority into his hands”.

One of the main changes which will come into play in time for local elections in June 2024, is the introduction of voting rights for all, ending the clan-based indirect voting system that has historically been in place in Somalia.

“The basic principles should be that the election of the Federal Somali Republic must be one that gives the public the opportunity to cast their votes democratically in a one-person, one-vote system,” the government said in a statement after reaching an agreement last weekend.

The reform aims to “encourage the multiparty political system” that is independent and “ corruption free”, it added.

Somali lawmakers voted overwhelmingly to adopt the slew of amendments to the constitution, which will reshape the political and electoral system.. The parliamentary speaker, Adan Mohamed Nuur Madobe, called the move “historic”.

Critics say the changes, to include introducing direct presidential elections and giving the president power to appoint and dismiss a prime minister without parliamentary approval, concentrate too much power in the hands of the executive.

Puntland, one of Somalia’s five federal states, declared itself a separate self-governing entity in 1998, and is the country’s most powerful regional administration.

“We are a fragile country still recovering from a civil war, which doesn’t have stable politics. If power is concentrated in one person’s hands, there is a risk we could go back to civil war. We have always warned that this could happen,” said Dirir.

“[Hassan] has taken power from parliament, the prime minister isn’t working. He is the foreign minister, the prime minister, the president, he is all the ministers. And now he’s taking power from the states.”

Dirir claimed Puntland was stonewalled by central government when it tried to participate in consultations. He said the region would not recognise the changes.

“We are not declaring independence, but Puntland will stand alone until it is consulted.”

It comes amid tensions with Mogadishu over the state’s relationship with Ethiopia, a landlocked country which has been courting neighbouring Somaliland and Puntland over coastal port access. The Somali government on Thursday ordered the closure of Ethiopia’s consulate in Puntland in retaliation for a visit by representatives to Addis Ababa this week. The government also expelled the Ethiopian ambassador, citing interference in Somalia’s internal affairs.

Dirir said concentrating authority in Mogadishu “threatens national unity”. “Our government is federal, which means powers are divided,” he said.

Afyare A Elmi, a research professor at the City University of Mogadishu, said Puntland’s withdrawal from the federal system could imperil the viability of a unified nation.

“If a large chunk of the country is missing in this process we are simply building a constitution for south-central Somalia.”

Other federal states, Jubbaland, South West state, Hirshabelle and Galmudug have not criticised the amendments. Somaliland, which declared independence from Somalia in 1991, said : “Somalia’s recent constitutional development is an internal matter.”

Former presidents Mohamed Abdullahi Farmaajo and Sharif Ahmed warned the changes could upset Somalia’s delicate power balance, while former prime ministers Omar Sharmarke and Hassan Ali Khaire denounced the changes in an open letter also signed by the veteran MP Abdirahman Abdishakur.

Somalia’s current constitution was introduced in 2012as a provisional document and has long been under review. Crafting a new constitution was one of President Mohamud’s key election pledges in 2022. Last month he said further delays were “not an option”. “We are not a provisional government, but we have a provisional constitution,” he added .

Afyare Elmi said the 2012 constitution was based upon a political settlement with broad input from Somalis. “It had four key elements: federalism, clan power-sharing, regular elections and a spirit of inclusiveness to build consensus. What the government is doing now is moving away from this settlement,” he said.

Omar Mahmoud, an east Africa analyst at the International Crisis Group, wrote that “there are fundamental issues about the nature of the federal model that must be sorted out between Mogadishu and Garowe [Puntland’s capital] in order for Somalia’s governance system to function more effectively and get over the hump of recurrent on-and-off relations.

“But without the sides talking, it is impossible to get there, allowing the status quo to continue indefinitely.”

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Ford's 2024 Mustang Mach-e charges nearly 20% faster

• 2024 Mach-E models offer increased range and faster charging, with 10-20 mile capacity boost and 20% faster DC charging.
• Ford transitions to LFP battery packs for sustainability, avoiding cobalt and nickel, offering lower fire risk and longer life cycle.
• New Mach-E Rally trim features rally-inspired design, while all trims will have rear motor boost and access to Tesla Superchargers.

Ford has announced a late year model upgrade to their electric SUV, the Mach-E, bringing with it a bevy of upgrades and changes from the previous model that Ford says is based at least partly on customer feedback. Improvements for the new model year will come in the form of improved performance, faster charging speeds, and a longer range across all models.

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All 2024 models of the Mach-E will see an increase in range, with each variant getting 10-20 miles in additional capacity. Along with this bump in range is an increase in charging speed, as Ford claims the electric SUV will now charge "almost 20 percent faster with DC fast charging than previous models." Ford is promising that users can recharge from 10 to 80% battery in just over 36 minutes, though in practice most road-trippers can get going to their next charging stop after about a 10 to 15 minute stop.

Ford has a long-term mindset when it comes to their EV lineup and future models, and crucial to that sustainability is the transition to more responsible and scalable battery chemistries. With the 2024 models, Ford will be formally shipping all models with LFP (lithium iron phosphate) battery packs made in China.

These battery packs are generally considered more environmentally and geopolitically favorable as they don't include cobalt, which is a rarer resource found in Li-ion batteries, and nickel, which can be unsustainable to mine. LFP batteries also have a lower fire risk, and can be expected to have a longer life cycle, as they can sustain more charging cycles before suffering from degradation. The 2023 Mach-E production had subtly switched over to LFP batteries sometime later in the model year's life cycle, but the new battery chemistry will now be standard, and advertised as such, across the board.

A new "Rally-Inspired" trim for 2024

Ford has also announced a new trim for the Mach-E called the Mach-E Rally. This "Rally-Inspired EV" is raised 1-inch higher than the GT model and is tuned for both on-road and off-road use. The trim features a rally-inspired aesthetic, from its stripes to its wheels.

Some of the new models will feature simple upgrades such as Ford Performance seats and Brembo front brake calipers being standard on the Mach-E GT, whereas they were previously only included in the Mach-E GT Performance Edition. All trims will feature a new rear motor that will add 70 lb-ft of torque to the EV.

How Tesla's NACS plug became the de facto EV charging standard

As has been the case since late 2023, all models will be able to charge at more than 15,000 Tesla Superchargers in addition to the rest of Fords "Blue Oval" network of chargers. The 2024 Mach-E models will still ship with their DC and J1772 charging ports, but will include an adapter for use with NACS charging like at Tesla Superchargers, or with any Level 2 NACS chargers.

The base model 2024 Mach-E select will start at $39,995, the Premium and GT trims will start at $43,995 and $53,995 respectively, and the new Mach-E Rally will start at $59,995.

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Trump Spoke Recently With Saudi Leader

It is not clear what the former president discussed with Prince Mohammed bin Salman, but news of their call came amid Biden administration negotiations with the Saudis over a Middle East peace plan.

By Maggie Haberman and Jonathan Swan

• April 3, 2024

Former President Donald J. Trump spoke recently with Saudi Arabia’s de facto ruler, Prince Mohammed bin Salman, their first publicly disclosed conversation since Mr. Trump left office in January 2021, according to two people briefed on the discussion who were not authorized to speak publicly about it.

It was unclear what the two men discussed and whether it was their only conversation since Mr. Trump’s departure from the White House. Neither representatives for Mr. Trump nor an official of the Saudi government responded to requests for comment.

But news of their discussion comes at a time when the Biden administration is engaged in delicate negotiations with the Saudis aimed at establishing a lasting peace in the Middle East, building on diplomatic ties between Israel and a number of Arab states forged through the work of the Trump administration.

If President Biden manages to clinch a trilateral megadeal — which would probably include a Saudi-Israeli peace agreement, an Israeli commitment to a two-state solution, a U.S.-Saudi defense treaty and U.S.-Saudi understandings on a civilian nuclear program in Saudi Arabia — he will need support from two-thirds of senators to ratify the U.S.-Saudi treaty. Mr. Trump, as the presumptive Republican nominee in firm command of his party, could potentially either block any deal or greenlight it for congressional Republicans.

Mr. Trump has other reasons to maintain warm relations with Prince Mohammed. The former president and Jared Kushner, his son-in-law and former senior White House adviser, established close ties with the crown prince while in office and have capitalized on that good will in their private businesses since leaving government.

Saudi Arabia was the first stop on Mr. Trump’s first foreign trip as president — a sign of the value Mr. Trump placed on the relationship. Mr. Trump pursued major deals with the Saudis, including arms sales, and he defended Prince Mohammed at his moment of greatest international pressure, after the C.I.A. concluded that the crown prince had ordered the killing of the dissident journalist Jamal Khashoggi in 2018.

Nine months after the killing, Mr. Trump called Prince Mohammed “a friend of mine” and praised the “spectacular job” he had done in liberalizing Saudi Arabia’s laws, including allowing women to drive. While still in office, Mr. Trump told the journalist Bob Woodward that “I saved his ass” when Prince Mohammed was under intense criticism from officials in the U.S. Congress.

“I was able to get Congress to leave him alone. I was able to get them to stop,” Mr. Trump added.

For his part, Mr. Biden promised during his 2020 campaign to treat Prince Mohammed as a “pariah” because of the killing of Mr. Khashoggi. Once in office, however, he concluded that it was unsustainable to sideline the Saudi crown prince, and his team has sought to mend the fractured relationship.

Since leaving the presidency, Mr. Trump has made use of his Saudi connections. At the same time as he was preparing to announce his presidential campaign, in November 2022, the Trump Organization was putting the final touches on a deal with the Omani government and a Saudi firm for a multibillion-dollar Trump-branded real estate development in Oman. Mr. Trump has also worked with Saudi Arabia’s sovereign wealth fund to host the Saudi-backed LIV golf tour at some of his golf courses.

Mr. Kushner has benefited from Prince Mohammed’s support on an even larger scale. Only six months after leaving government, Mr. Kushner’s investment firm, Affinity Partners, secured $2 billion from Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund, in what was described in internal documents as a “ strategic relationship ” with Mr. Kushner. A panel of advisers to the Saudi sovereign wealth fund had recommended against investing with Mr. Kushner, citing his lack of experience, but Prince Mohammed overruled them.

The Saudi crown prince is not the only foreign leader with whom Mr. Trump has engaged recently. Last month, he hosted Prime Minister Viktor Orban of Hungary at his Mar-a-Lago estate in Florida for a meeting, the second they have held in the last two years. A person close to Mr. Trump said it was Mr. Orban who sought the meeting.

At some of his rallies, Mr. Trump has lauded Mr. Orban — who has been criticized for eroding democratic institutions in Hungary — as an admirably strong leader.

Maggie Haberman is a senior political correspondent reporting on the 2024 presidential campaign, down ballot races across the country and the investigations into former President Donald J. Trump. More about Maggie Haberman

Jonathan Swan is a political reporter covering the 2024 presidential election and Donald Trump’s campaign. More about Jonathan Swan

Union européenne. L’adoption du Pacte sur la migration et l’asile est une « occasion manquée »

En réaction au vote du Parlement européen, mercredi 10 avril, en faveur de l’adoption d’un ensemble de nouvelles lois européennes en matière d’immigration et d’asile, Eve Geddie, directrice du Bureau d’Amnesty International auprès des institutions européennes et directrice des actions de plaidoyer, a déclaré :

Après plusieurs années de négociations, les institutions de l’UE cosignent aujourd’hui honteusement un accord dont elles savent qu’il va accroître les souffrances humaines Eve Geddie, directrice du Bureau d’Amnesty International auprès des institutions européennes et directrice des actions de plaidoyer

« Après plusieurs années de négociations, les institutions de l’UE cosignent aujourd’hui honteusement un accord dont elles savent qu’il va accroître les souffrances humaines. Pour les personnes qui fuient le conflit, la persécution ou l’insécurité économique, ces réformes entraîneront une diminution de la protection et une majoration du risque de subir des atteintes aux droits humains à l’intérieur de l’Europe – notamment des renvois forcés illégaux et violents, une détention arbitraire et des discriminations lors des opérations policières.

« L’UE a manqué une occasion cruciale de bâtir un système d’immigration et d’asile centré sur les droits humains et de respecter sans condition le droit fondamental de toute personne de solliciter l’asile d’où qu’elle vienne et quelle que soit la façon dont elle est arrivée. Elle a échoué à montrer au reste du monde la voie à suivre sur la protection des personnes réfugiées et à proposer des solutions sûres, équitables et dignes aux personnes pour rejoindre l’Europe – qu’elles cherchent la sécurité ou la perspective d’une vie meilleure.

« Amnesty International continuera d’être solidaire avec les personnes réfugiées ou migrantes, avec celles qui sont victimes de racisme, de discrimination, de violence et d’autres atteintes aux droits humains aux frontières de l’UE et au-delà, ainsi qu’avec les innombrables personnes, organisations et communautés mobilisées pour défendre leurs droits. »