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Prenatal care: 1st trimester visits

Pregnancy and prenatal care go hand in hand. During the first trimester, prenatal care includes blood tests, a physical exam, conversations about lifestyle and more.

Prenatal care is an important part of a healthy pregnancy. Whether you choose a family physician, obstetrician, midwife or group prenatal care, here's what to expect during the first few prenatal appointments.

The 1st visit

When you find out you're pregnant, make your first prenatal appointment. Set aside time for the first visit to go over your medical history and talk about any risk factors for pregnancy problems that you may have.

Medical history

Your health care provider might ask about:

• Your menstrual cycle, gynecological history and any past pregnancies
• Your personal and family medical history
• Exposure to anything that could be toxic
• Medications you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins or supplements
• Your lifestyle, including your use of tobacco, alcohol, caffeine and recreational drugs
• Travel to areas where malaria, tuberculosis, Zika virus, mpox — also called monkeypox — or other infectious diseases are common

Share information about sensitive issues, such as domestic abuse or past drug use, too. This will help your health care provider take the best care of you — and your baby.

Your due date is not a prediction of when you will have your baby. It's simply the date that you will be 40 weeks pregnant. Few people give birth on their due dates. Still, establishing your due date — or estimated date of delivery — is important. It allows your health care provider to monitor your baby's growth and the progress of your pregnancy. Your due date also helps with scheduling tests and procedures, so they are done at the right time.

To estimate your due date, your health care provider will use the date your last period started, add seven days and count back three months. The due date will be about 40 weeks from the first day of your last period. Your health care provider can use a fetal ultrasound to help confirm the date. Typically, if the due date calculated with your last period and the due date calculated with an early ultrasound differ by more than seven days, the ultrasound is used to set the due date.

Physical exam

To find out how much weight you need to gain for a healthy pregnancy, your health care provider will measure your weight and height and calculate your body mass index.

Your health care provider might do a physical exam, including a breast exam and a pelvic exam. You might need a Pap test, depending on how long it's been since your last Pap test. Depending on your situation, you may need exams of your heart, lungs and thyroid.

At your first prenatal visit, blood tests might be done to:

• Check your blood type. This includes your Rh status. Rh factor is an inherited trait that refers to a protein found on the surface of red blood cells. Your pregnancy might need special care if you're Rh negative and your baby's father is Rh positive.
• Measure your hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is an iron-rich protein found in red blood cells that allows the cells to carry oxygen from your lungs to other parts of your body. Hemoglobin also carries carbon dioxide from other parts of your body to your lungs so that it can be exhaled. Low hemoglobin or a low level of red blood cells is a sign of anemia. Anemia can make you feel very tired, and it may affect your pregnancy.
• Check immunity to certain infections. This typically includes rubella and chickenpox (varicella) — unless proof of vaccination or natural immunity is documented in your medical history.
• Detect exposure to other infections. Your health care provider will suggest blood tests to detect infections such as hepatitis B, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia and HIV , the virus that causes AIDS . A urine sample might also be tested for signs of a bladder or urinary tract infection.

Tests for fetal concerns

Prenatal tests can provide valuable information about your baby's health. Your health care provider will typically offer a variety of prenatal genetic screening tests. They may include ultrasound or blood tests to check for certain fetal genetic problems, such as Down syndrome.

Lifestyle issues

Your health care provider might discuss the importance of nutrition and prenatal vitamins. Ask about exercise, sex, dental care, vaccinations and travel during pregnancy, as well as other lifestyle issues. You might also talk about your work environment and the use of medications during pregnancy. If you smoke, ask your health care provider for suggestions to help you quit.

Discomforts of pregnancy

You might notice changes in your body early in your pregnancy. Your breasts might be tender and swollen. Nausea with or without vomiting (morning sickness) is also common. Talk to your health care provider if your morning sickness is severe.

Other 1st trimester visits

Your next prenatal visits — often scheduled about every four weeks during the first trimester — might be shorter than the first. Near the end of the first trimester — by about 12 to 14 weeks of pregnancy — you might be able to hear your baby's heartbeat with a small device, called a Doppler, that bounces sound waves off your baby's heart. Your health care provider may offer a first trimester ultrasound, too.

Your prenatal appointments are an ideal time to discuss questions you have. During your first visit, find out how to reach your health care team between appointments in case concerns come up. Knowing help is available can offer peace of mind.

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• Lockwood CJ, et al. Prenatal care: Initial assessment. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed July 9, 2018.
• Prenatal care and tests. Office on Women's Health. https://www.womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/youre-pregnant-now-what/prenatal-care-and-tests. Accessed July 9, 2018.
• Cunningham FG, et al., eds. Prenatal care. In: Williams Obstetrics. 25th ed. New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill Education; 2018. https://www.accessmedicine.mhmedical.com. Accessed July 9, 2018.
• Lockwood CJ, et al. Prenatal care: Second and third trimesters. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed July 9, 2018.
• WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience. World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/maternal_perinatal_health/anc-positive-pregnancy-experience/en/. Accessed July 9, 2018.
• Bastian LA, et al. Clinical manifestations and early diagnosis of pregnancy. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed July 9, 2018.

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Your First Prenatal Visit

If you did not meet with your health care provider before you were pregnant, your first prenatal visit will generally be around 8 weeks after your LMP (last menstrual period ). If this applies to you, you should schedule a prenatal visit as soon as you know you are pregnant!

Even if you are not a first-time mother, prenatal visits are still important since every pregnancy is different. This initial visit will probably be one of the longest. It will be helpful if you arrive prepared with vital dates and information. This is also a good opportunity to bring a list of questions that you and your partner have about your pregnancy, prenatal care, and birth options.

What to Expect at Your First Pregnancy Appointment

Your doctor will ask for your medical history, including:.

• Medical and/or psychosocial problems
• Blood pressure, height, and weight
• Breast and cervical exam
• Date of your last menstrual period (an accurate LMP is helpful when determining gestational age and due date)
• Birth control methods
• History of abortions and/or miscarriages
• Hospitalizations
• Medications you are taking
• Medication allergies
• Your family’s medical history

Your healthcare provider will also perform a physical exam which will include a pap smear , cervical cultures, and possibly an ultrasound if there is a question about how far along you are or if you are experiencing any bleeding or cramping .

Blood will be drawn and several laboratory tests will also be done, including:

• Hemoglobin/ hematocrit
• Rh Factor and blood type (if Rh negative, rescreen at 26-28 weeks)
• Rubella screen
• Varicella or history of chickenpox, rubella, and hepatitis vaccine
• Cystic Fibrosis screen
• Hepatitis B surface antigen
• Tay Sach’s screen
• Sickle Cell prep screen
• Hemoglobin levels
• Hematocrit levels
• Specific tests depending on the patient, such as testing for tuberculosis and Hepatitis C

Your healthcare provider will probably want to discuss:

• Recommendations concerning dental care , cats, raw meat, fish, and gardening
• Fevers and medications
• Environmental hazards
• Travel limitations
• Miscarriage precautions
• Prenatal vitamins , supplements, herbs
• Diet , exercise , nutrition , weight gain
• Physician/ midwife rotation in the office

Possible questions to ask your provider during your prenatal appointment:

• Is there a nurse line that I can call if I have questions?
• If I experience bleeding or cramping, do I call you or your nurse?
• What do you consider an emergency?
• Will I need to change my habits regarding sex, exercise, nutrition?
• When will my next prenatal visit be scheduled?
• What type of testing do you recommend and when are they to be done? (In case you want to do research the tests to decide if you want them or not.)

If you have not yet discussed labor and delivery issues with your doctor, this is a good time. This helps reduce the chance of surprises when labor arrives. Some questions to ask include:

• What are your thoughts about natural childbirth ?
• What situations would warrant a Cesarean ?
• What situations would warrant an episiotomy ?
• How long past my expected due date will I be allowed to go before intervening?
• What is your policy on labor induction?

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When to schedule a prenatal visit

Prenatal visitation schedule, how should i prepare for a prenatal visit, what happens during prenatal visits, how can i make the most of my pregnancy appointments.

Make an appointment for your first prenatal visit once you're aware you are pregnant – when you receive a positive home pregnancy test, for example. Booking it around week 8 of pregnancy is typical.

You'll come back regularly in the weeks and months following that initial appointment. Most people have between 8 and 14 prenatal visits throughout the course of their pregnancy.

During this time, you'll see a lot of your healthcare practitioner. That's why it's so important to choose someone you like and trust. If you're not comfortable or satisfied with your provider after your first visit or visits, don't be afraid to find someone with whom you have a better connection.

Typically, a pregnant woman will visit their doctor, midwife , or nurse practitioner every four weeks during the first and second trimesters. In the third trimester, you'll be seen more often – usually every other week until 36 weeks, and then every week until the baby is born.

For more information on what happens at these visits, see:

Your first prenatal visit

Second trimester prenatal visits (14 weeks to 27 weeks)

Third trimester prenatal visits (28 weeks through the end of pregnancy)

The specific number of scheduled appointments you'll have depends on if your pregnancy is considered to be high-risk. This is determined by your medical history and whether you have any complications or conditions that warrant more frequent checkups, such as gestational diabetes , high blood pressure , or a history of preterm labor . If you've had any medical problems in the past or develop any new problems during this pregnancy, you may need more prenatal visits than the average pregnant woman.

In the weeks before each visit, jot down any questions or concerns in a notebook or a notes app on your smartphone. This way, you'll remember to ask your practitioner about them at your next appointment. You may be surprised by how many questions you have, so don't miss the opportunity to get some answers in person.

For example, before you drink an herbal tea or take a supplement or an over-the-counter medication , ask your provider about it. You can even bring the item itself – or a picture of the label – with you to your next appointment. Then, your doctor, midwife, or nurse practitioner can read the label and let you know whether it's okay to ingest.

Of course, if you have any pressing questions or worries, or develop any new, unusual, or severe symptoms , don't wait for your appointment – call your practitioner right away.

In addition to your list, you may want to bring a partner, friend, family member, or labor coach with you to some or all of your prenatal visits. They can comfort you, take notes, ask questions, and help you remember important information.

The goal of prenatal visits is to see how your pregnancy is proceeding and to provide you with information to help keep you and your baby healthy. It's important that you go to all of your prenatal appointments, even if you're feeling just fine and believe that everything is progressing perfectly.

Your practitioner will start by asking how you're feeling physically and emotionally, whether you have any complaints or worries, and what questions you may have. They'll also ask you about your baby's movements once you begin to feel them, typically during the second trimester. Your practitioner will have other questions as well, which will vary depending on how far along you are and whether there are specific concerns.

Your midwife, doctor, or nurse practitioner will also:

• Check your weight , blood pressure , and urine
• Check for swelling
• Measure your abdomen
• Check the position of your baby
• Listen to your baby's heartbeat
• Perform other exams and order tests, as appropriate
• Give you the appropriate vaccinations
• Closely monitor any complications you have or that you develop, and intervene if necessary

Near the end of your pregnancy, your provider may also do a pelvic exam to check for cervical changes. You will also discuss your delivery plan in more depth.

At the end of each visit, your practitioner will review their findings with you. They'll also explain the normal changes to expect before your next visit, warning signs to watch for, and the pros and cons of optional tests you may want to consider. Lifestyle issues will likely be a topic of discussion, as well. Expect to talk about the importance of good nutrition , sleep, oral health, stress management, wearing seatbelts, and avoiding tobacco , alcohol , and illicit drugs.

Many people look forward to their prenatal appointments but are disappointed to find that, with the exception of the first visit, they're in and out of the office in 10 minutes. A quick visit is typical and is usually a sign that everything is progressing normally. Still, you want to make sure your concerns are addressed – and that you and your baby are being well cared for.

Here are some things you can do to ensure that your prenatal visits are satisfying:

• Speak up. Your practitioner isn't a mind reader and won't be able to tell what you're thinking just by performing a physical exam. So, if anything is bothering you, say your piece. Are you having trouble controlling your heartburn ? Managing your constipation ? Suffering from headaches ? This is the time to ask for advice. Consult the notebook of questions you've been compiling. In addition to physical complaints, let your practitioner know if you have emotional concerns or fitness or nutrition questions.
• Ask the staff about the administrative stuff. Save your questions about things like insurance and directions to the hospital for the office staff so your practitioner has more time to answer your health-related questions. Go to the admin staff with any inquiries about payments, scheduling, office policies, and your contact information.
• Be open-minded. When talking with your doctor, midwife, or nurse practitioner, you should feel comfortable speaking freely. But remember to listen, too. Take notes if you find it helpful.

Keep in mind, too, that some days are busier than others. This is especially true during the COVID-19 pandemic. That doesn't mean your practitioner doesn't have to answer your questions, but sometimes a discussion can be continued at the next visit if it's a really busy day or if your practitioner needs to head to the hospital to deliver a baby.

At the same time, don't tolerate a healthcare practitioner who won't give you thorough answers, doesn't show reasonable compassion, or barely looks up from your chart. You and your baby deserve more than that.

Now that you know what to expect during all those prenatal visits, you might like a sneak peek at what else is in store. Here's an overview of the next nine months .

Learn more:

• The ultimate pregnancy to-do list: First trimester
• 12 steps to a healthy pregnancy
• When will my pregnancy start to show?
• Fetal development timeline

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What happens at second trimester prenatal appointments

What to expect at your first prenatal appointment

What to expect from third trimester prenatal appointments

Prenatal testing

BabyCenter's editorial team is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information in the world. When creating and updating content, we rely on credible sources: respected health organizations, professional groups of doctors and other experts, and published studies in peer-reviewed journals. We believe you should always know the source of the information you're seeing. Learn more about our editorial and medical review policies .

MedlinePlus. (2021). Prenatal care in your first trimester. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000544.htm Opens a new window [Accessed September 21, 2021.]

March of Dimes. (2017). Prenatal Care Checkups. https://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/prenatal-care-checkups.aspx Opens a new window [Accessed September 21, 2021.]

Office on Women’s Health. (2019). Prenatal Care and Tests. https://www.womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/youre-pregnant-now-what/prenatal-care-and-tests Opens a new window [Accessed September 21, 2021.]

NIH: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (2017). What happens during prenatal visits? https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/preconceptioncare/conditioninfo/prenatal-visits Opens a new window [Accessed September 21, 2021.]

NIH: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (2017). What is a high-risk pregnancy? https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pregnancy/conditioninfo/high-risk Opens a new window [Accessed September 21, 2021.]

NIH: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (2018). What are some factors that make a pregnancy high-risk? https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/high-risk/conditioninfo/factors Opens a new window [Accessed September 21, 2021.]

March of Dimes. (2020). Over-the-Counter Medicine, Supplements, and Herbal Products During Pregnancy. https://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/over-the-counter-medicine-supplements-and-herbal-products.aspx Opens a new window [Accessed September 21, 2021.]

Associates in Women’s Healthcare (2021). Preparing for Your First Prenatal Visit. https://www.associatesinwomenshealthcare.net/blog/preparing-for-your-first-prenatal-visit/ Opens a new window [Accessed September 21, 2021.]

National Health Service (UK). (2018). Your baby’s movements. https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/keeping-well/your-babys-movements/ Opens a new window [Accessed September 21, 2021.]

MedlinePlus. (2021). Prenatal care in your third trimester. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000558.htm Opens a new window [Accessed September 21, 2021.]

UCLA Health. (2021). Schedule of prenatal care. https://www.uclahealth.org/obgyn/workfiles/Pregnancy/Schedule_of_Prenatal_Care.pdf Opens a new window [Accessed September 21, 2021.]

UCR Health. (2021). Healthy Pregnancy: The Importance of Prenatal Care.   https://www.ucrhealth.org/2018/07/healthy-pregnancy-the-importance-of-prenatal-care/ Opens a new window [Accessed September 21, 2021.]

Mayo Clinic. (2020). Prenatal care: 1 st trimesters visits. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/pregnancy-week-by-week/in-depth/prenatal-care/art-20044882 Opens a new window [Accessed September 21, 2021.]

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Pregnancy · July 8, 2023

First Prenatal Visit: What to Expect and How to Prepare

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Congrats on your pregnancy, mama! Did you already schedule your first prenatal visit?!

I know the wait between a positive pregnancy test and your first prenatal visit can feel like foreveeer …

And a bit surreal too.

Then you FINALLY get to go to your first prenatal appointment and BAM— the reality of your pregnancy really hits you!

After all, that’s when your pregnancy will be confirmed!

But in the meantime, while you’re waiting, you may be thinking a lot about your first pregnancy appointment.

What should I expect? How do I prepare? What should I wear? What questions should I ask?

So to shed some light on what may be the longest prenatal appointment you’ll ever have, let’s get into your first prenatal visit: what to expect and how to prepare !

In this post

When to make your first prenatal appointment

Before you call to make a prenatal appointment, make sure you have this info ready:, an example of what to say when scheduling your first prenatal appointment:, urine sample, confirmation of your pregnancy, calculation of your estimated due date, blood pressure check, weight check, review of you and your family’s medical history, surgical history, reproductive history, gynecological history, medication history, review of previous or current substance use, review of lifestyle habits, review of social and mental health history, assessment for domestic violence, full physical exam including pelvic exam and pap smear, fetal heart check, schedule next prenatal appointment, what is the normal schedule of routine prenatal care, how to prepare for your first prenatal visit, what questions to ask at your first prenatal visit, 7 tips and hacks to help you make the most of your prenatal appointments, now you’re totally ready for your first prenatal visit.

So when should you make your first prenatal appointment?

My BEST answer is to call to schedule a prenatal appointment as soon as you get a big fat positive (BFP) on your pregnancy test .

Even though you won’t get seen until you’re about about 8-10 weeks pregnant.

Why? Because prenatal appointments are booked pretty quickly. And the longer you wait, the further into the future your first prenatal appointment will be scheduled.

It’s bad enough that waiting for your first prenatal visit can feel like an eternity. So spare yourself those extra days (or weeks) of anxious waiting…

And call, like right now, if you haven’t already.

What to say when scheduling your first prenatal visit

I totally get it. This may be your first pregnancy, you might be nervous, shy or have social anxiety. It’s possible you never made a call to schedule an appointment before.

So I’m going to give you a script of what to say when scheduling your first prenatal appointment!

But before doing that, I want to give you some tips on how to prepare for the call. This is REALLY important!

• Name and date of birth (DOB): Yep, have your name and DOB ready LOL. Trust me, nervousness can make you forget your name, age, DOB, the reason why you’re calling in the first place, etc.
• First day of your LMP: They might ask, so they can get an idea of how far along you are in your pregnancy.
• Insurance cards: You’ll most likely be asked to provide your insurance name (e.g., Aetna) and your policy number (i.e., member ID number). Remember to ask about any co-payments!
• Your (& maybe your partner’s) schedule: Know when you’ll be free to make it to your appointment. You might be asked if you prefer an AM/PM time slot. If your partner is going, make sure you know his schedule and when he might be available to go with you.
• Calendar: Have a calendar in front of you. You can check your phone’s calendar, but you’ll have to put the call on speaker. So it might be better to have a physical calendar. This will help you see the day (e.g., Monday) a prospective appointment falls on and make it easier for you to schedule your appointment.
• Pen and paper/notebook: Have this in hand to write down any info you might be given (e.g., date, time, what you’re required to bring to your first appointment, any other specific instructions, etc.). I absolutely LOVE using pocket planners/calendars (like this ) to keep my scheduled appointments and other info all in one place. They usually have a notes section for you to write down any questions you may have .

Seriously, all of this preparation is 100% WORTHWHILE!

Okay, so now that you know how to prep for the call, here is…

“Hi, good [morning, afternoon]. My name is [your name]. I just found out I’m pregnant, so I’m calling to schedule my first prenatal appointment. Are you accepting new patients and do you take [name of your health insurance] insurance?”

Filled out version of the example above:

“Hi good morning. My name is Olivia Williams. I just found out I’m pregnant, so I’m calling to schedule my first prenatal appointment. Are you accepting new patients and do you take Aetna insurance?”

Note: If new patients are being accepted, the receptionist will ask for your name, DOB and health insurance information to register you into their system and set up your appointment.

What to expect at your first prenatal visit

Here is a quick glance at what to expect at your first pregnancy appointment:

• Review of previous and current substance use

Here’s a deeper look at what to expect at your first prenatal appointment:

One of the first things you’ll be asked to do is go to the bathroom to collect a urine sample.

You’ll be given a specimen bag with a specimen cup and a few packs of pre-moistened wipes to clean yourself beforehand.

Make sure to clean front to back and it’s better to collect a midstream catch (i.e., pee a little bit into the toilet then fill the cup with the rest of your urine).

If the outside of the cup gets soaked with pee, don’t panic. Just use some tissue to wipe the OUTSIDE of the cup dry and make sure you secure the top before placing into the specimen bag.

Give it to the nurse, or drop it off at the place you were directed to leave it.

Your urine will be checked for excess protein, sugar and other substances that may indicate an infection or pregnancy complication such as gestational diabetes.

Even though you got a positive home pregnancy test, your pregnancy still has to be confirmed at your first prenatal appointment.

They have to do their own pregnancy test so they can enter it into their system.

The urine sample you provided can be used to confirm your pregnancy, but it can also be confirmed with a blood test and/or ultrasound.

They will ask you for the first day of your last menstrual period. This helps them to give you an estimated due date by calculating 40 weeks from that date.

Don’t worry if you can’t remember the date of your LMP because an ultrasound can be done to predict your baby’s estimated due date (EDD).

Your EDD can also be calculated based on the date of your conception, if you happen to know it.

Your blood pressure will most likely be checked after you give them your urine sample.

It’s normal for your blood pressure to decrease when you’re pregnant due to the increase in blood volume, but sometimes it can be abnormally high.

Monitoring your blood pressure is an important part of prenatal care, so you’ll be checked at each prenatal visit.

Regular blood pressure checks are an easy way to detect and treat pregnancy complications like gestational hypertension (i.e., high blood pressure during pregnancy) early.

Your weight will be checked at every prenatal visit—starting with your first. This initial weigh-in will be used as a baseline for all future weigh-ins.

And based on your BMI, you’ll be expected to gain a certain amount of weight during your pregnancy.

Regular weigh-ins can check for sudden fluctuations in your weight and help your provider to see how your pregnancy is progressing.

You’ll be asked a lot of questions about you and your immediate family’s medical history (e.g., diabetes, high blood pressure, asthma, heart disease, allergies etc.).

You might also be asked about your partner’s medical history, as well as the medical history of your partner’s immediate family.

All of this information will help your provider to determine if you’re at risk for certain pregnancy complications and conditions.

If there are any concerns or an increased risk for genetic conditions, you’ll be given the opportunity to receive genetic counseling and genetic testing.

Any prior surgeries? They’ll want to know this because this info can shape your prenatal care.

For example, letting your provider know you’ve had a prior c-section can help them set up a TOLAC (trial of labor after c-section) if your goal is to have a VBAC (vaginal birth after c-section).

Any prior pregnancies, including miscarriages and abortions? They’ll need to know this too.

They will assess you for GTPAL to get a complete reproductive history:

• Gravida: Number of pregnancies you’ve had
• Term: Number of babies delivered after 37 weeks gestation
• Preterm: Number of babies delivered between 20- 36 weeks gestation
• Abortion/miscarriage: Number of losses before 20 weeks gestation
• Living: Number of living children you have

Your provider will want to know any current or past gynecological issues.

This is to determine if you have any potential or actual risks for birth defects and other pregnancy complications.

What’s your STD history? (e.g., herpes, HIV, chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, genital warts, trichomoniasis and more).

It’s BEST to be honest here, so you and your partner can be treated if necessary!

Plus, untreated STDs during pregnancy can be really dangerous for your developing baby.

Your provider will want to know what medications you take (prescribed and over the counter) to assess whether or not it’s safe for you to take during pregnancy.

For any medications that aren’t safe, an alternative one may be provided. But usually the pros and cons of continuing that specific medication during pregnancy are weighed against each other. Meaning—do the benefits outweigh the risks? And vice-versa.

Your OB/midwife will also need to know if you’re allergic to any medications, so it can be entered into your patient record.

Your provider will want to know if you have any previous or current use of alcohol and/or drugs. This includes cigarettes, marijuana and other illicit drugs.

Being transparent can make it easier to get whatever help you may need.

For example: If you smoke cigarettes, but want to stop now that you’re pregnant, your provider can offer a smoking cessation program and other helpful resources to help you.

You will be asked about your lifestyle habits (e.g., exercise, diet, career, hobbies, etc.).

It’s important to be honest, so your provider can give you the best recommendations based on your situation.

Your provider can also let you know what things are safe vs unsafe for you to continue to do while you’re pregnant.

Tips may also be shared about how you can improve the health of your pregnancy.

You’ll be asked about your social history (e.g., emotional support system) and mental health history (e.g., depression, anxiety, prior mental health counseling, etc.).

These questions are asked to get a better idea of how your provider can best support you during your pregnancy.

Domestic violence tends to start or spike during pregnancy ( source ), so you’ll be asked if you’re experiencing any kind of abuse.

Studies have associated domestic violence (aka intimate partner violence) during pregnancy with:

• Poor maternal nutrition and inadequate weight gain
• A negative impact on a woman’s ability to receive regular prenatal care.
• Prenatal and postpartum depression
• A higher risk of substance use
• Adverse neonatal outcomes like low birth weight and premature birth
• An increased risk of miscarriage, stillborn death and induced abortion

If you’re experiencing abuse during pregnancy, your provider can give you all the resources and help that you need.

This includes connecting you with a domestic violence specialist to help you set up a safety plan .

You will also get the proper advice on how to get out of your abusive situation in the SAFEST way possible.

But, of course, you will NOT be forced or coerced to leave your situation if you don’t feel ready to.

You’ll get a full physical exam after you’re done answering questions and asking questions of your own . This usually involves a breast and pelvic exam.

A pap smear with cultures might also be done, especially if you’re due for one.

All of these exams check for infections, STDs and other abnormalities that may complicate your pregnancy.

Your provider will ask you to lie down and expose your abdomen, so a fetal doppler can be used to listen to your baby’s heartbeat.

Just so know, it’s not always possible to detect a fetal heart beat with a doppler in the very early weeks of pregnancy.

Your blood will be drawn at the end of your appointment to check for things like your blood type, Rh factor, blood count, HIV status and immunities.

Lastly, you’ll be told to make your next prenatal appointment.

This is usually done at the front desk, but your provider may set up your next appointment while you’re still in the exam room.

Here is the typical prenatal care schedule for a normal (i.e., uncomplicated) pregnancy:

• Weeks 4-28: every four weeks
• Weeks 28-36: every two weeks
• Weeks 36-birth: every week

The standard schedule is only a general guideline and might look different for you.

Your prenatal care schedule can increase in frequency if you:

• Have a medical history that requires extra monitoring
• Have a high risk pregnancy
• Experience a complication anytime during your pregnancy

The best way to prepare for your first prenatal visit is by gathering all the information you would need to answer all of their questions.

Before heading to your first prenatal visit, make sure you prepare all of the following information:

• Your insurance cards and ID: If a co-payment is required, make sure to have the money together.
• The first day of your last menstrual period: If you don’t know the first day of your LMP, you can give a rough estimate. Or let them know your conception date if you’ve been tracking your fertility. An ultrasound can be used to calculate an estimated due date.
• Your medical history: This includes your gynecological, reproductive, surgical and mental health history
• The medical history of you and your partner’s immediate family: It would be beneficial to have your partner with you, if possible.
• All of the medications you are currently taking: Including prescription, OTC, vitamins, supplements and herbal supplements (e.g., teas, pills, powders, liquids, patches, topical creams, etc) It’s BEST to put all of your medications into a large ziplock bag to bring with you. It will be easier for your provider to know what’s safe or unsafe for you to take during pregnancy.
• Previous or current substance use: This includes tobacco, cannabis, alcohol, vaping products and other illegal or recreational drugs.
• Social history and lifestyle habits: Your career, hobbies, diet, exercise, emotional support system, housing situation, domestic violence history, etc.
• Any questions you may have: Find out all the essential to ask at your first prenatal visit here .

There are 50+ questions you can ask at your first prenatal appointment , but here are a few to get you started:

• How often will I have my prenatal appointments?
• How much weight in total should I gain during my entire pregnancy? How much weight should I be gaining each week?
• How can I help support my baby’s development?
• What lifestyle changes do I need to make during my pregnancy?
• Is there a nurse line to call if I have questions or concerns?
• When should I go straight to the emergency room? (e.g., heavy bleeding, severe cramping, fainting, etc.)
• Are my prescribed and OTC medications safe for me to use during my pregnancy?
• What changes do I need to make to my diet during my pregnancy?

How to make the most of your prenatal appointments

Did you know that getting regular prenatal care from the start of your pregnancy increases health outcomes for you and your baby ( source )?

Prenatal care is SO IMPORTANT for managing the health of your pregnancy, reducing your risks for complications, early detection and treatment of complications and much more!

• Go to all of your prenatal visits: Don’t skip your appointments even if you have a normal, low-risk pregnancy. If you can’t make it to your appointment, call to reschedule but try your best to make it to each appointment.
• Prepare to give a urine sample at each appointment: I would drink water before each of my prenatal visits to make sure I had urine to collect.
• Prepare to have your blood pressure taken at each visit: You might be having your BP taken outside of the exam room, so wear something that will make it easy for you to expose your arm to get a proper BP measurement.
• Wear clothes that allow easy access to your belly: Fetal dopplers, fundal height measurements and checking for baby’s position all require easy access to your belly. I’d skip the maxi dresses, rompers, jumpers and go for T-shirts instead.
• Keep important info within easy reach: This includes your provider’s name and number, other emergency contact info, signs and symptoms to report ASAP and other helpful reminders on your fridge, mirror or anywhere else you think would be good for you
• Prepare your questions beforehand: Write down all of your questions, as they come up, in a notes app on your phone or in a notebook you won’t forget to put in your purse. That way you don’t leave your appointment to then realize you forgot to ask the question(s) you wanted to ask.
• Have your partner or support person go with you, if possible: Especially during the first prenatal visit when questions are being asked about past medical history and family medical history. If they can’t make it, ask if you are able to do a video call. Another tip: if your partner has to take off of work to make it to your prenatal visit, ask the receptionist for a letter for your partner to have proof for their employer. Also, the BIG VISITS to attend are the first prenatal visit, 12 week visit, 20 week anatomy scan (where you can find out the gender!) and one or two late pregnancy appointments nearing your due date.
• Have your insurance cards and ID ready to present to the receptionist when checking in to your appointment. And know beforehand if you have any co-pays to make because if you do, you’ll be expected to pay the day of your visit.

There you have it, mama! Now you know what to expect at your first prenatal visit, how to prepare, what questions to ask and how to make the most of your prenatal appointments. And then some!

I hope you found this post to be really helpful to you and, if so, I hope you share this post with all of your friends!

Seriously—knowing just what to expect, how to prepare and even what questions to ask at your first prenatal visit can really help to get rid of some of those jitters.

Your turn! When is your first prenatal visit and what have you been doing to prepare for it? What tips or info did you find the most surprising or helpful in this post? Let me know in the comments!

Enjoy your first prenatal visit, mama!

Pin to share!

• Alhusen, J. L., Ray, E., Sharps, P., & Bullock, L. (2015). Intimate partner violence during pregnancy: maternal and neonatal outcomes . Journal of women’s health (2002), 24(1), 100–106. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2014.4872
• https://americanpregnancy.org/resources/pregnancy-calculator/
• https://www.thehotline.org/plan-for-safety/create-a-safety-plan/
• https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/pregnancy/abuse-during-pregnancy

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Prepping for Your First Prenatal Visit? Ask Your Doc These Questions

Table of Contents

Questions about your body and your health, questions about your doctor & delivery.

Early pregnancy often feels very abstract—all you have to show for it are two pink lines on a stick . Once you call your doctor’s office to tell them you’re pregnant (the receptionist is probably the first person you’ll tell besides your partner), they probably won’t have you come in until you’re somewhere between seven and ten weeks along. This is to ensure your appointment is far enough along to hear a heartbeat, but it also means you’ll have a lot of time to prep for that exciting and nerve-wracking first prenatal appointment, where it all starts to feel a little more real.

So how do you prepare for your first prenatal appointment? There’s not a ton you need to do, but there are a few things that will help ensure it goes as smoothly as possible. First, think about when your last period started—your pregnancy begins on the first day of your last period (so for the first two-ish weeks of your official pregnancy, you actually aren’t pregnant—weird).  

You’ll also want to inventory any medications or supplements you take and think about anything from your medical history that may not be clearly outlined in your chart. For example, maybe your mom gave birth prematurely, you have irregular periods, or you’ve had a previous chemical pregnancy. But most of all, you’ll want to prep some questions to ask at your first prenatal visit. While your mind is spinning with excitement and your growing to-do list, we’re here to help you check off that last box. 

You don’t need to ask all of these questions at your first appointment—you can pick and choose which are most relevant to you and decide what you need to know now versus what can wait for your next appointment. But it’s good to look over all of them, so you can be prepared to get answers, especially for things that are non-negotiables for you. For example, if you’re hoping for a VBAC (vaginal birth after cesarean) and your doctor or hospital is hesitant to do them, it’s probably time to look for a new provider. And the earlier you can do that, the better.

Read on for a comprehensive look at the questions you may want to consider asking at your first prenatal appointment, whether it’s your first pregnancy or your fifth.

How should I think about my exercise routine during my pregnancy? 

If your doctor so far has been Google, you will know that there are conflicting takes about basically every type of exercise and pregnancy . ( No hot yoga during pregnancy! But do all the exercise you normally do! ). So, it’s helpful to get a medical professional’s insight on how much you should be exercising and how your routine should or shouldn’t change. 

What should I know about sex during pregnancy?

Your doctor’s advice may change by trimester, but it’s good to start having the conversation early. They’ll probably tell you anything goes (as long as you’re comfortable), but in cases where there’s a history of certain conditions like placental issues or pre-term labor, your doctor may want you to exercise caution or abstain (sorry!).

Based on my medical history, does it appear that I’m at risk for any complications?

It’s better to have all the information you need upfront, right? For example, certain things like having frequent migraines, diabetes, or polycystic ovary syndrome may put you at an increased risk of preeclampsia 1   . Your doctor will be able to give you the broad strokes during this first visit of what you should and—even more importantly—shouldn’t worry about based on your history. 

How long can I travel? And can I go on an international trip?

I had to reschedule a trip to Mexico when I was pregnant with my son because my doctor felt it was planned for a time that was too late in my pregnancy. I’m very glad I asked at that first appointment and had plenty of time to make changes.

What symptoms are not considered normal and warrant an immediate call to your office?

Many women (myself included) will have the urge to call their doctor over every little cramp and twinge. While you should feel empowered to ask your doctor anything and everything, there are some pregnancy symptoms they will definitely want you to contact them about, like bleeding or pain. They can also give you guidelines on the things you might experience that could cause you concern, especially if this is your first, but that are perfectly normal during pregnancy. 

What medicine can I take?

You may be surprised by which medications are pregnancy-safe and which are not. You can (and probably should) Google before you take any medication, but the internet can be a confusing place, so it’s good to have a doctor’s sign-off, especially on any regular meds you take.

What foods do I really need to avoid? What is okay in moderation?

If you’re like me, you’ll have lots of questions like, “I know sushi is generally a ‘no,’ but what if it’s from a high-quality restaurant? And do I really need to give up Brie?” Your doctor will be able to give you guidelines on the foods that could put you and your baby at risk of listeria or toxoplasmosis (aka definitely don’t eat), and the ones that are on the avoid list, but that, if they do make you sick, will be no worse for you than it would be if you weren’t pregnant. 

What beauty products should I steer clear of? 

Sorry, but your retinol will probably have to take a backseat. Your doctor will explain any skincare ingredients to avoid and sneaky places they may be hiding.

Can I clean a litter box? Garden? Dye my hair?

There are a variety of activities that everyone talks about avoiding during pregnancy. Take a look at your normal habits and ask your doctor about anything that you’re concerned about. They can give you guidelines on what you do and don’t need to change. 

What is your stance on the occasional drink?

If you survey your parent friends, you’ll probably find that some completely avoided alcohol for all 40 weeks, while others had an occasional beer or glass of wine later in pregnancy. (French women, yada yada). Depending on how by the book your doctor is, they may give you the ACOG answer 2   (there is no safe amount of alcohol during pregnancy) or something a little more nuanced about how it’s impossible to study alcohol and pregnancy, so they don’t know for sure. Either way, it’s a good idea to get their opinion before you make the decision that’s right for you.

What are weight gain expectations for this pregnancy? Does it change if I didn’t shed all the weight from the first pregnancy?

Your doctor will be able to address all your questions about weight and pregnancy, including any complications associated with gaining too little or too much. The first appointment is a good time to set expectations for future conversations about weight, whether it’s not wanting to know the number on the scale (something I’m really glad I asked for) or opting out of weight checks altogether.

What can I do for constipation and hemorrhoids?

Just trust me, you’re going to want to know.

What do you recommend I do to prepare for birth?

Sure, this is your first appointment, but it’s never too early to start getting ready for the big day. Your doctor may recommend specific books, exercises, Instagram accounts they like, or even a doula or birth class. It’s a good idea to start figuring out your options early so that you have plenty of time to do the birth-prep exercises or start interviewing doulas. 

What is the best way for me to contact you with non-urgent questions?

You’re going to have a lot of questions, and not all of them need to be answered right away. Does your doctor like to be messaged through the patient portal? Would they prefer you leave a message with the receptionist? How long should you expect to wait to get an answer? And what should you do for urgent questions?

Does your doctor have any travel planned?

Now’s the time to find out if your doctor has an African safari planned around your due date. If they do have vacation or extended time off on the calendar during your pregnancy, it’s important to know who you’ll see instead and what the practice’s plans are for coverage.

Who will deliver my baby if you are not on call?

So much of having a good birth experience is feeling comfortable with your team. For that reason, it can be nice to get to know the other doctors in the practice who could potentially deliver your baby or at least familiarize yourself with who it could be.

How much past 40 weeks will you allow me to go?

Doctors have many different stances on how long past 40 weeks they’ll allow patients to go, so this question is important to ask. Some research shows 3   that inducing after 41 weeks lowers the risk of stillbirth and other complications, like meconium aspiration (when babies breathe in their waste). Some will insist on inducing earlier than 41 weeks, and some may let you go up to 42 weeks. It’s good to know their policy regardless, but if you have a specific preference, you will want to make sure your doctor’s policies are in alignment.

What is your policy on _______?

Pick and choose the questions on policies that are meaningful for you here. Some doctors, for example, are not trained on instrument-assisted deliveries, so in the event that you would need one (if you fatigue from pushing or the baby is in distress), you’d instead have an emergency C-section. (I did not think to ask this question myself, but I will if I have future pregnancies, as my son was born assisted by vacuum when his heart rate began to drop). Some situations to consider asking about: 

Scheduled c-sections

Pain management

Episiotomies

Intermittent vs continuous monitoring

Instrument-assisted deliveries (forceps or vacuum)

VBACs (This will only be relevant to you if you’ve previously had one or more caesareans and are hoping for a vaginal delivery)

What is the cadence of my appointments?

Your ob-gyn practice may set up all your appointments, or at least all of them through 20 weeks, at that very first prenatal appointment. Generally, you’ll go monthly up until about 28 weeks, then every other week until 36 weeks when you begin weekly appointments. But this is a good time to let the office know if a certain day or time doesn’t work for you and how they handle scheduling. 

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Expectful uses only high-quality sources, including academic research institutions, medical associations, and subject matter experts.

National Institutes of Health .  " Who is at risk of preeclampsia? " ,  https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/preeclampsia/conditioninfo/risk#:~:text=Preeclampsia%20is%20also%20more%20common,diabetes%2C%20and%20sickle%20cell%20disease. .

The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists .  " Alcohol and Pregnancy " ,  https://www.acog.org/womens-health/infographics/alcohol-and-pregnancy .

Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care .  " Pregnancy and birth: When does labor need to be induced? " ,  Sep 24, 2008 ,  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279570/#:~:text=In%20other%20words%3A%20The%20research,aspiration%20(breathing%20in%20meconium). .

Grace Gallagher, MFA, Hunter College

Grace Gallagher is a freelance writer based in Portland, Oregon. Her work focuses on parenting, health, and beauty and has appeared in Parents, Romper, Pregnancy & Newborn, Shape, InStyle, and more.

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How Much Does Prenatal Care Cost?

While pregnant, it is very important for a woman to take care of herself and the baby by getting regular check-ups.  These check-ups, which start monthly, then turn to bi-monthly and eventually weekly, will help the doctor determine if everything is progressing normally with your pregnancy.

How much does prenatal care cost?

On average, the total prenatal visits will cost anywhere from $1,700 to $3,000 for the entire nine months during the pregnancy.   This is without insurance and doesn’t include the baby delivery.

According to Revolution Health , the average prenatal care cost of a prenatal visit is $133.  Throughout most pregnancies, the mother will see the doctor about 14 times.  Therefore, the total average cost is $1,862.

WebMD.com states that the average person pays around $2,000 for prenatal care.

Plan on spending anywhere from $95 to as much as $200 per visit without any sort of insurance.

Depending on the type of insurance you have, you will only have to pay a percentage of this.  Most insurance companies cover anywhere from 85%-90% of costs.  Basically, you will probably have to pay about $15 per visit out of pocket.

Prenatal care overview

At the first prenatal visit, the doctor will calculate your due date and give you information regarding not only your pregnancy but about your newborn baby.  The doctor will discuss with you things like diet and exercise, vitamins to take, birthing options, etc.  Most visits after this will simply consist of taking your weight, a urine analysis, listening to the heartbeat, and an opportunity to ask any questions you may have.

During the first appointment, the doctor will be able to determine a due date, perform an exam and will more than likely perform a pap test.  The government also requires that all women get tested for HIV.

During the subsequent appointments, the doctor will ask about how you’re feeling and if you have any concerns.  The goal of each appointment is to see how the pregnancy is proceeding and to provide you with information along the way.  Each appointment will often include checking your weight, blood pressure and taking urine samples.   As the baby grows, the OB/GYN will check the position of the baby, along with the heartbeat.

At around 20 weeks, an ultrasound will be scheduled in order to better assess the health of the baby and to find out the sex of the baby if the mother so desires.

Most appointments will include a urine sample to screen the sugar, a weight recording, the baby’s heartbeat (if applicable), the OB/GYN will check the position and your blood pressure will be checked.

You should expect to see the doctor about 12 to 15 times.

Prenatal screenings

Most of the screenings will be done throughout the pregnancy; however, some may be optional and will only be recommended if your doctor recommends it.

• Bacteriuria urinary tract
• Rh incompatibility
• Hepatitis B
• Gestational diabetes

What are the extra costs?

If there are any complications resulting in extra testing, the total cost will increase.

If you would like additional ultrasounds, such as a 4d ultrasound, this will more than likely not be covered by insurance because it is not a necessity.  A 4d ultrasound can cost anywhere from $100 to $300 depending on what features are included in the experience.

Most doctors suggest that pregnant women take some sort of multi-vitamin.  This is usually covered by insurance except for a small copay.

The baby delivery will be considered an additional cost outside of the care.

Complications during a pregnancy can sometimes lead to extensive tests or prolonged hospital stays.  If this is the case, the cost can greatly vary depending on what has been done.

Tips to know:

During the first appointment, be sure to bring items such as your medical records, a list of medications you’re currently on, questions you may have (write these down) and a friend or husband to help support you during this process.

Before the process even begins, it’s essential to know what’s going to be covered under your health insurance policy.  Since many health insurance policies are different, one policy may cover one procedure, while another may deny it.

Consult with the hospital before the labor begins.  If paying out of pocket, the hospital will be more than happy to give a discount to those that are paying up front with cash.

If purchasing prenatal vitamins on your own, talk with your OB/GYN.  Many OB/GYNs are more than happy to give out samples for free throughout the duration of the pregnancy.  This is a great way to avoid paying the full retail price.

While a hospital delivery can be rather expensive, consider other alternatives that are cheaper such as a doula and/or midwife.  An insurance company may not cover a procedure such as this one, but many soon-to-be moms prefer this route because of the home-based setting.   See: “ How much does a doula cost? ”

How can I save money?

Planning pregnancy ahead of time can help save confusion with the insurance company.  If you sign up for health insurance when you are already pregnant, some companies consider it a “pre-existing condition” and it will not be covered.   Keep in mind that if you sign up with a group insurance plan, they will have to cover you by law.

If you have no insurance, many doctors offices and hospitals will give discounts if you pay in cash.  These discounts are not openly offered, however;  you must inquire and bargain with them.

Uninsured women who meet certain financial guidelines will find that there are many programs that can help with the cost of the care.

Most OB/GYNs are more than happy to provide you with prenatal vitamins for free.  If you can’t afford the vitamins, let them know.

Prenatal care low-income options:

Local Health Department

Your local health department should be able to provide you with some programs that they run at a lower cost or even for free.  To connect with a local health department in your area, call 1-800-311-BABY.

Medical Schools

Many bigger medical schools will run clinics for the public.  Working with medical students that are supervised, you can get care at a fraction of the cost.

Planned Parenthood

Like the health department, planned parenthood can provide care based on your salary.

This is a program sponsored by the government for those who meet certain income guidelines.  If accepted to this program, you will get a list of doctors that you can see for care.

How to choose a prenatal care provider:

Similar to a midwife, a doula is more like a coach.  They will help with physical and emotional support during the labor.  A doula will often work with a midwife during the labor process.  If using a doula, make sure that you check with your insurance company to see if you’re covered.

A certified midwife is great for women who are considered to be at low-risk.  Educated in nursing, a midwife can practice at hospitals and a birthing center.  Many prefer to deliver babies in the patient’s home.

Family Practice

Family doctors can provide care during a pregnancy but it may not be as detailed as an OB.  They can do just about everything, except for cesarean deliveries.

Obstetricians

Medical doctors who specialize in delivering babies.  They will also have special training with surgeries such as a cesarean section.  Women who think that they are at the highest risk during a pregnancy should consider this specialty.

How can I compare prices?

Because we are talking about the health of you and your baby, you should choose a doctor and hospital according to their credentials and your comfort level, not according to price.

When choosing a provider, research their reputation, their bedside manner, office location, where you deliver and how they handle off-hour calls.

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A trimester-by-trimester guide to pregnancy

By: My Vanderbilt Health

April 24, 2024

Learn how each stage of pregnancy can affect you physically — and how your medical team will be working to care for you and your growing baby.

While everyone’s experience will be different, there are some common changes you can expect throughout the stages of pregnancy.

Pregnancies last around 40 weeks, counting from the first day of your last menstrual period. Here’s what you can expect during each of your three trimesters.

First Trimester (Weeks 0-13)

The earliest symptoms of pregnancy include breast tenderness, mood changes and a missed period. By the second month, you may feel sick to your stomach and fatigued. During this stage of the pregnancy, your belly and breasts will grow and your clothes may start to feel tight. You may also experience headaches, dizziness, heartburn or constipation.

“The most common reasons people seek care during the first trimester are nausea, vomiting, spotting and bleeding,” said Dr. Jody L. Stonehocker, an obstetrician with Vanderbilt Women’s Health .

“I tell patients that if they’re experiencing bleeding, they should come in to get checked out,” said Stonehocker . “It doesn’t necessarily mean anything is wrong, but, especially if they haven’t had an ultrasound yet, we want to rule out ectopic pregnancy .”

First trimester tests include:

• A blood draw to scan for anemia, blood type, HIV and other conditions
• Urine samples
• Pelvic exam
• An ultrasound to confirm pregnancy, verify gestational age and determine if you’re carrying multiples
• The option to receive non-invasive prenatal testing , a blood test that screens for Down syndrome and other chromosomal conditions — and also allows you to find out the baby’s sex

Though you’ll see a provider regularly throughout pregnancy — appointments start out every 6 weeks and gradually become more frequent — don’t neglect the other aspects of your health.

Though you’ll see a provider regularly throughout pregnancy — appointments start out every 6 weeks and gradually become more frequent — don’t neglect the other aspects of your health. You can (and should!) go to your regular dental cleanings, and low-impact exercise like walking or yoga can improve your overall health.

Second Trimester (Weeks 14-27)

In the second trimester, you’ll start to feel your baby move. You’ll also feel more pressure on your bladder, stomach and other organs and may see a dark line emerge on your belly, called the linea nigra. You will also start gaining weight at a more regular pace — around 1 pound a week until you give birth. If you prefer not to track your weight, you can discuss modifications with your provider, like standing away from the scale’s display during appointments.

Second trimester tests include:

• Urine tests
• 20-week ultrasound  to see the size, position and number of babies, check for physical issues and see the sex of the baby
• Blood sugar test to check for gestational diabetes

Third Trimester (Week 28-Birth)

As your baby grows, you may feel short of breath as your organs become more cramped. Your breasts will continue to grow, and milk may leak from your nipples. You will also start to feel minor contractions called Braxton-Hicks contractions . Also known as “false labor,” Braxton-Hicks contractions tend to be irregular and do not get stronger over time. 

Third trimester tests include:

• Repeat testing for anemia, HIV and other conditions
• A swab for Group B streptococcus, a type of bacteria. If you’re positive, your obstetric care team will give you medicine during labor to lower the chance that your baby gets the bacteria.

In this stage of pregnancy, you should think through your birth plan so you can express your labor and postpartum preferences to your birthing partner and care team. This is also a great time to take any childbirth or breastfeeding classes, such as those offered by Vanderbilt Health .

Expert care for you and your baby

Each pregnancy and delivery is unique and yours should be too. Learn more about how Vanderbilt Health’s obstetrics and maternal fetal medicine teams bring together nationally ranked expertise and personalized care from your first prenatal visit to delivery and beyond.

To learn more, call 615-343-5700 or  schedule an appointment online .

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Making the most of your prenatal care

Early and continuous prenatal care can set you up for a supportive partnership with your health care provider throughout your pregnancy. Learn what to expect at your appointments.

What is an amniocentesis?

What to expect with this pregnancy screening procedure.

What to expect if you’re referred to a maternal-fetal medicine specialist

There are many reasons a pregnant woman may need to see this type of specialist. What to know.

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15 Crucial Questions Every Woman Needs to Ask Her OB/GYN During Pregnancy

Medical review policy, latest update:, what over-the-counter medications are safe, what about prescription meds that i might take, do i need to change my beauty routine, how much weight should i gain, what should i eat and avoid eating, what exercise is okay during pregnancy, what vaccinations should i get, how long can i work when i'm pregnant, what pregnancy symptoms are normal, and what's an emergency, first trimester, second trimester, third trimester, can we discuss my birth plan, what should i expect during my labor and delivery, who will deliver my baby, what's the likelihood i'll need a c-section, what should i know if i want a vbac, what support can i get if i want to breastfeed.

The bottom line: Don’t be afraid to call your practitioner if you’re unsure about anything. He or she knows this is likely a new experience for you, and can help you figure out what’s normal and what’s not.

What to Expect When You're Expecting , 5th edition, Heidi Murkoff. WhatToExpect.com, Your First Prenatal Appointment , January 2021. WhatToExpect.com, Medications During Pregnancy: What’s Safe and What’s Not? , March 2021. WhatToExpect.com, How Much Weight You Should Gain During Pregnancy , October 2020. WhatToExpect.com, 19 Best Foods to Eat During Pregnancy , May 2020. WhatToExpect.com, The Best Pregnancy Workouts and Exercises You Can Do While Expecting , July 2021. WhatToExpect.com, Signs of Labor , July 2021. WhatToExpect.com, How to Create a Birth Plan , June 2021. WhatToExpect.com, Having a C-Section (Cesarean Section) , July 2021. WhatToExpect.com, How a Lactation Consultant Can Help You Breastfeed , February 2019. WhatToExpect.com, The COVID-19 Vaccine During Pregnancy , July 2021. WhatToExpect.com, Vaccines to Get Before and During Pregnancy , July 2021. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Weight Gain During Pregnancy , 2020. American Family Physician, ACOG Updates Recommendations on Vaginal Birth After Previous Cesarean Delivery , January 2011. Food & Drug Administration, Advice about Eating Fish , December 2020.  Kristina Mixer , M.D., OB/GYN, Spectrum Health United Hospital, Greenville, MI. Karen Deighan , M.D., OB/GYN, Loyola University Medical Center, North Riverside, IL.

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Under new budget, ny is the first state to mandate paid prenatal leave.

Apr 24, 2024 —

The new state budget includes the first-ever paid prenatal leave mandate in the country. Now, New Yorkers will get 20 hours of paid time off from work for healthcare appointments during pregnancy. SUNY Potsdam sociology professor Lauren Diamond-Brown, who studies reproduction, says the 20 hours of leave will help people access prenatal healthcare but won't be enough for those in rural places who have to travel long distances to their appointments. She spoke with Lucy Grindon. Their conversation has been lightly edited for clarity.

LAUREN DIAMOND-BROWN: To start off with, many pregnant people work. So even if we look at married couples — and there's plenty of people who are having children that are single — but if we just look at, say, married couples, [in] 65% of families, both parents are employed today. They also need to see their maternity care provider a lot. So when you look at a standard schedule of maternity care, you're looking at, I'd say, 10 to 15 visits throughout the course of the pregnancy, and that's if you're low risk. And most jobs don't have that many days of sick leave.

LUCY GRINDON: So, Governor Hochul initially proposed 40 hours of paid prenatal leave, but the new budget only has 20 hours, which is still more than any other state, but is that enough to cover just the basic prenatal doctors' appointments?

DIAMOND-BROWN: It depends on lots of factors, right? If you're low risk or high risk, how far you have to travel for those appointments, how long your appointments last... You know, if it took you an hour round-trip for travel, and you were spending an hour or an hour and a half in that visit, combining wait time with the office visit, and you're doing that [for] 10 to 15 visits, [that's] adding up to [around] 45 hours. So the 20 hours of paid sick leave isn't quite there. Now, maybe people have sick days from their job that they can combine with that. But again, they might have to use that for other reasons.

GRINDON: What you said about travel time brings me to my other question, which is: what are some of the biggest barriers to accessing prenatal care for people in the North Country?

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DIAMOND-BROWN: Travel is a huge barrier. And that's gotten worse as we've seen a decline, you know, and hospitals that are no longer doing obstetrics care.

GRINDON: This is a sort of broad, general question, but who's not getting enough prenatal care in the North Country? And how does that affect them?

DIAMOND-BROWN: People who don't receive prenatal care are three to four times more likely to die from pregnancy-related complications... Who in the North Country? I don't have data off the top of my head to report that, but broadly speaking, it's probably people who are low-income, who don't have transportation. You know, I'm just beginning to recruit participants for a study on perinatal care in the North Country. I'm just starting to put out flyers around the community and advertise. I'm asking in this survey if people had prenatal care, and when they started it, and a lot of questions about the quality of that care, as well as questions around other unmet social needs, and if they're maternity care was asking them about things like food insecurity, intimate partner violence, childhood trauma, and then [whether] they were given resources. And then, hopefully, I'll have data to really directly answer that last question.

GRINDON: How can people participate in this?

DIAMOND-BROWN: It's at tiny url.com/NorthCountryBirth .

GRINDON: And what do you hope will be the use of that research? What do you hope will come from it?

DIAMOND-BROWN: I'm hoping to use it for advocacy. You know, for instance, one of the few hospitals remaining up here, Canton-Potsdam Hospital, doesn't do VBACs — does not offer vaginal birth after cesarean, and that makes our C-section rate in the county really high. And we have other kinds of opportunities, I think, to improve our perinatal healthcare up here, as well as information on if people are connecting to the resources that exist or not. And [if not] where are those gaps? I want to use this data to directly improve our perinatal healthcare and support systems in the county. A few concerned citizens is not always persuasive to people in power, but I know that data speaks.

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