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Encyclopedia of Tourism pp 1–2 Cite as

Israel Tourism

• Yaron Ergas 3 &
• Noga Collins-Kreiner 4  
• Living reference work entry
• Latest version View entry history
• First Online: 29 April 2023

The state of Israel is located in the Middle East on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea (Fig. 1 ) and covers an area of approximately 22,000 km 2 (8,200 mi 2 ). In 2019, Israel had a population of 9.1 million including 74.1% Jews and 21% Arabs, who represent the country’s largest minority. West Bank had a population of 2.9 million estimated in 2012 at approximately 80–85% Muslims and 12–14% Jews (Central Intelligence Agency 2020 ). Israel’s GDP is US$395 billion (Central Intelligence Agency 2020 ), of which the tourism industry accounts for 2.6%.

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Central Intelligence Agency. 2020. The World Factbook: Middle east – Israel, Middle East – West Bank. www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos . 20 Dec.

Israel Airports Authority. 2019. International passenger traffic. www.iaa.gov.il/Rashat/enUS/Airports/BenGurion/AbouttheAirport/Statistics/ . 20 Dec.

Israel Ministry of Tourism. 2020. Tourism to Israel 2019 incoming tourism survey. https://info.goisrael.com/en/research-information . 20 Dec.

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Ministry of Tourism, Jerusalem, Israel

Yaron Ergas

University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel

Noga Collins-Kreiner

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Correspondence to Yaron Ergas .

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School of Hospitality Leadership, University of Wisconsin-Stout, Menomonie, WI, USA

Jafar Jafari

School of Hotel and Tourism Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong

Honggen Xiao

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University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia

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Ergas, Y., Collins-Kreiner, N. (2023). Israel Tourism. In: Jafari, J., Xiao, H. (eds) Encyclopedia of Tourism. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01669-6_273-3

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DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01669-6_273-3

Received : 15 January 2021

Accepted : 15 April 2021

Published : 29 April 2023

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Israel: International tourism revenue, percent of GDP

Israel: international tourism revenue, percent of gdp, 1995 - 2020:.

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Israel Tourism Revenue

• Israel's Tourism Revenue reached 6 USD bn in Dec 2023, compared with 6 USD bn in the previous year
• Israel's Tourism Revenue data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1992 to Dec 2023
• The data reached an all-time high of 7,539 USD mn in Dec 2019 and a record low of 1,911 USD mn in Dec 1992

View Israel's Tourism Revenue from 1992 to 2023 in the chart:

What was Israel's Tourism Revenue in 2023?

Israel's Tourism Revenue reached 6 USD bn in Dec 2023, compared with 6 USD bn in the previous year See the table below for more data.

Tourism Revenue by Country Comparison

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Israel Travel and Tourism Industry

Approximately 450,000 Israelis travel annually to the U.S., and the volume of travelers increases with each year. The primary purposes for travel to the U.S. are business and leisure; the most popular leisure activities Israelis engage in in the U.S. are shopping, sightseeing, fine dining, visiting art galleries and museums, and touring national parks and monuments. With that, many Israelis have relatives living in the U.S. or possess a dual citizenship, Israeli and American, a fact that contributes to the total number of U.S.-bound travel from Israel.

Though the travel and tourism industry in Israel suffered losses during the Covid-19 pandemic, the Israeli economy recovered fairly quickly in comparison to other OECD countries. This allowed many luxury and leisure industries, particularly international travel, to recoup their activities. As a result, outbound travel from Israel has reached nearly pre-pandemic figures. In May 2022, 698,300 Israelis traveled abroad, compared to 656,000 in May 2019. Following the same trend, out of the 9 million Israeli citizens, more than 4.3 million had traveled overseas in 2019; the number of Israeli travelers in 2022 is forecasted to surpass the 2019 figures.

There are 93 weekly direct flights from Israel to 9 airports in the U.S., operated by United Airlines, American Airlines, Delta Airlines, and the local El Al Airlines. The top five states visited by Israelis are New York, Massachusetts, New Jersey, California, and Florida. Additionally, Israeli travelers are adventurous and open to new experiences; Israelis are closely familiar with U.S. culture and are receptive to marketing campaigns for other top destinations in the United States. In 2021, Israeli tourists spent an average of $3,400 per trip. As the travel and tourism industry continues to recover from the pandemic, as does the economy, the amount of dollars Israeli travelers spend in the U.S. is expected to increase as well.

To enter the U.S., Israelis must obtain a visa. This is considered a barrier for some Israelis, though it is expected to be eliminated in the near future as the two countries work towards including Israel in the visa waiver program. That step is expected to significantly increase the number of Israeli travelers to the U.S. 

For more information on promoting the U.S. as a travel destination in Israel, please contact Commercial Assistant Inbar Marom at: [email protected]  

Travel & Tourism - Israel

• In Israel, the Travel & Tourism market is expected to generate a revenue of US$4,116.00m by 2024.
• Furthermore, a CAGR of 4.10% is projected for the period between 2024 and 2028, leading to a market volume of US$4,833.00m by 2028.
• The largest market in this market is the Hotels, with a projected market volume of US$2,249.00m in 2024.
• By 2028, the number of users in this market is expected to reach 5,798.00k users.
• The user penetration rate is predicted to increase from 75.3% in 2024 to 79.8% by 2028.
• The ARPU is expected to be US$587.20.
• Furthermore, it is estimated that 87% of the total revenue in the Travel & Tourism market will be generated through online sales by 2028.
• When compared globally, United States is expected to generate the most revenue in this market, with a projected revenue of US$199bn in 2024.
• Israel's tourism industry has seen a rise in religious tourism, with many pilgrims visiting important sites such as the Western Wall and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.

Key regions: Malaysia , Europe , Singapore , Vietnam , United States

Definition:

The Travel & Tourism market encompasses a diverse range of accommodation services catering to the needs and preferences of travelers. This dynamic market includes package holidays, hotel accommodations, private vacation rentals, camping experiences, and cruises.

The market consists of five further markets.

• The Cruises market covers multi-day vacation trips on a cruise ship. The Cruises market encompasses exclusively passenger ticket revenues.
• The Vacation Rentals market comprises of private accommodation bookings which includes private holiday homes and houses as well as short-term rental of private rooms or flats.
• The Hotels market includes stays in hotels and professionally run guest houses.
• The Package Holidays market comprises of travel deals that normally contain travel and accommodation sold for one price, although optional further provisions can be included such as catering and tourist services.
• The Camping market includes bookings at camping sites for pitches using tents, campervans, or trailers. These can be associated with big chains or privately managed campsites.

Additional Information:

The main performance indicators of the Travel & Tourism market are revenues, average revenue per user (ARPU), users and user penetration rates. Additionally, online and offline sales channel shares display the distribution of online and offline bookings. The ARPU refers to the average revenue one user generates per year while the revenue represents the total booking volume. Revenues are generated through both online and offline sales channels and include exclusively B2C revenues and users for the above-mentioned markets. Users represent the aggregated number of guests. Each user is only counted once per year. Additional definitions for each market can be found within the respective market pages.

The booking volume includes all booked travels made by users from the selected region, independent of the departure and arrival. The scope includes domestic and outbound travel.

Prominent players in this sector include online travel agencies (OTAs) like Expedia and Opodo, as well as tour operators such as TUI. Specialized platforms like Hotels.com, Booking.com, and Airbnb facilitate the online booking of hotels and private accommodations, contributing significantly to the market's vibrancy.

For further information on the data displayed, refer to the info button right next to each box.

• Bookings directly via the website of the service provider, travel agencies, online travel agencies (OTAs) or telephone

out-of-scope

• Business trips
• Other forms of trips (e.g. excursions, etc.)

Travel & Tourism

• Vacation Rentals
• Package Holidays
• Analyst Opinion

Israel's Travel & Tourism market is experiencing a significant growth in recent years, attracting a diverse range of travelers from around the world. Customer preferences: Travelers in Israel are increasingly seeking unique and authentic experiences, such as exploring historical sites, religious landmarks, and cultural attractions. Many visitors are also drawn to the country's renowned culinary scene, vibrant nightlife, and picturesque beaches along the Mediterranean Sea. Trends in the market: One notable trend in Israel's Travel & Tourism market is the growing popularity of adventure tourism, with activities such as hiking, desert tours, and water sports gaining traction among travelers. Additionally, there is a rising demand for sustainable and eco-friendly travel options, reflecting a global shift towards responsible tourism practices. Local special circumstances: Israel's unique geopolitical position in the Middle East plays a significant role in shaping its Travel & Tourism market. The country's rich history and religious significance attract pilgrims and history enthusiasts, while its modern cities like Tel Aviv appeal to those seeking a cosmopolitan experience. The diverse landscape, ranging from the Dead Sea to the Negev Desert, offers a variety of attractions for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts. Underlying macroeconomic factors: The stability of Israel's economy and ongoing investment in infrastructure development have contributed to the growth of the Travel & Tourism sector. Government initiatives to promote tourism, such as visa facilitation and marketing campaigns, have also played a key role in attracting visitors to the country. Additionally, Israel's strong technology sector and innovative startups have positioned it as a hub for business travelers and digital nomads, further driving growth in the tourism industry.

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Additional notes:

• Sales Channels
• Travel Behavior
• User Demographics
• Global Comparison
• Key Market Indicators

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Tourism in Israel 

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Tourism in Israel is big business! But why is this industry so important and why does it matter? Read on to find out…

The geography of Israel

The tourism industry in israel, statistics about tourism in israel, the most popular tourist attractions in israel, the economic impacts of tourism in israel, the social impacts of tourism in israel, the environmental impacts of tourism in israel, crime and safety in israel, faqs about tourism in israel, to conclude: tourism in israel.

Israel is a country located in the Middle East, bordered by Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan to the east, and Egypt to the southwest. It has a coastline along the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Here are some key points about the geography of Israel:

1. Size and Terrain: Israel covers an area of approximately 20,770 square kilometres (8,019 square miles). Despite its small size, it has diverse landscapes and terrain. The country consists of coastal plains along the Mediterranean, a central mountain range, the Jordan Rift Valley, and the Negev Desert in the south.

2. Coastal Plain: The coastal plain stretches along the Mediterranean Sea and is a fertile region with agricultural areas, cities, and sandy beaches. It is home to major cities like Tel Aviv and Haifa.

3. Central Mountain Range: Running through the centre of Israel is a mountainous region known as the Central Mountain Range or the Judean Mountains. The range includes hills and peaks, with the highest point being Mount Meron at 1,208 metres (3,963 feet) above sea level. Jerusalem, the capital city, is located in the Judean Mountains.

4. Jordan Rift Valley: The Jordan Rift Valley extends from the Hula Valley in the north to the Gulf of Aqaba in the south, forming a significant geological feature. It includes the Jordan River, the Sea of Galilee (Lake Kinneret), and the Dead Sea, which is the lowest point on Earth’s land surface.

5. Negev Desert: Located in the southern part of Israel, the Negev Desert covers about 55% of the country’s total land area. It is a rocky desert characterised by arid landscapes, canyons, and unique geological formations. The city of Beersheba is situated in the Negev region.

6. Sea of Galilee: Also known as Lake Kinneret, the Sea of Galilee is a freshwater lake located in the northern part of Israel. It is an important water source and a popular tourist destination with historical and religious significance.

7. Dead Sea: The Dead Sea, bordered by Israel and Jordan, is a saltwater lake known for its high salt content and unique properties. It is the lowest point on Earth’s land surface, lying more than 400 metres (1,300 feet) below sea level. The high salt concentration allows individuals to easily float on its surface.

8. Climate: Israel has a varied climate, ranging from Mediterranean climate along the coast to arid or desert climate in the southern and eastern parts of the country. Summers are hot and dry, while winters are mild and wet in most regions.

9. Biodiversity: Despite its small size, Israel has a diverse range of plant and animal species. It serves as a crucial migration route for birds and is home to several nature reserves and protected areas to preserve its biodiversity.

10. Land Use: Israel has made significant efforts in agriculture and water management, utilising advanced techniques for irrigation and maximising land productivity. The country is known for its agricultural advancements, including the cultivation of crops in arid environments and innovative water conservation practices.

The geography of Israel is diverse, offering a mix of coastal areas, mountains, valleys, deserts, and historical sites. This diversity contributes to the country’s cultural heritage, tourism, and environmental uniqueness.

The tourism industry in Israel plays a significant role in the country’s economy and cultural landscape. Israel is a popular destination for religious, historical, cultural, and recreational tourism. Here are some key points about the tourism industry in Israel:

1. Religious Tourism: Israel is a major destination for religious tourism, attracting visitors from various faiths. It is home to important religious sites for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, including the Western Wall and the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, the Sea of Galilee, and the Al-Aqsa Mosque.

2. Historical and Cultural Tourism: Israel’s rich history and cultural heritage make it an appealing destination for history enthusiasts. Visitors can explore ancient archaeological sites such as Masada, Caesarea, Megiddo, and Beit She’an. Additionally, cities like Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, and Haifa offer vibrant cultural scenes with museums, art galleries, and historical neighbourhoods.

3. Natural and Recreational Tourism: Israel’s diverse geography provides opportunities for outdoor activities and natural attractions. The country has beautiful beaches along the Mediterranean coast, including popular beach destinations like Tel Aviv and Eilat. The Dead Sea, with its unique properties and therapeutic mud, attracts tourists seeking relaxation and wellness experiences. The Negev Desert offers opportunities for hiking, desert exploration, and stargazing.

4. Adventure Tourism: Israel offers various adventure tourism activities, including hiking trails, diving in the Red Sea, desert safaris, and camel riding. The country’s diverse landscapes provide opportunities for outdoor adventure and exploration.

5. Culinary Tourism: Israeli cuisine has gained international recognition for its fusion of Middle Eastern, Mediterranean, and Jewish flavours. Food enthusiasts can enjoy exploring the diverse culinary scene, tasting local dishes, and visiting food markets and restaurants.

6. Medical Tourism: Israel has become a destination for medical tourism, particularly in the fields of advanced medical treatments, specialised surgeries, and wellness retreats. The country is known for its advanced healthcare facilities and expertise in certain medical fields.

7. Innovation and Technology: Israel is renowned as the “Startup Nation” and has a thriving tech and innovation scene. Visitors interested in technology and innovation can explore tech hubs, attend conferences and events, and learn about Israel’s contributions to various industries.

8. Events and Festivals: Israel hosts a variety of cultural and religious events and festivals throughout the year. These include music festivals, film festivals, religious holidays and celebrations, and cultural exhibitions. Examples include the Jerusalem International Film Festival, Tel Aviv Pride Parade, and the Jewish holiday of Passover.

9. Tourism Infrastructure: Israel has a well-developed tourism infrastructure, including a range of accommodation options such as hotels, guesthouses, and vacation rentals. Transportation within the country is efficient, with well-connected road networks, railways, and domestic flights.

10. Tourism Initiatives: The Israeli government and tourism authorities actively promote tourism through marketing campaigns, tourism development projects, and initiatives to enhance visitor experiences. They aim to attract international tourists, encourage domestic tourism, and support the growth and sustainability of the tourism industry.

It’s important to note that the tourism industry in Israel, like in any destination, can be influenced by political and security factors. Travellers are advised to stay updated on travel advisories and follow any safety guidelines or recommendations provided by relevant authorities.

Here are some statistics about tourism in Israel that emphasise the importance of the industry:

1. Record-breaking tourism: In recent years, Israel has experienced significant growth in tourism. In 2019, before the COVID-19 pandemic, the country welcomed a record-breaking 4.55 million tourists, marking a 10% increase compared to the previous year.

2. Tourism revenue: In 2019, tourism contributed approximately 23 billion USD to the Israeli economy, accounting for around 6% of the country’s GDP. However, the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on tourism revenue in subsequent years.

3. Source countries: Israel attracts tourists from around the world, but the largest number of visitors typically come from the United States, followed by Russia, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom.

4. Religious tourism: Israel holds significant religious and historical importance for multiple faiths, including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. As a result, religious tourism is a prominent segment of the country’s tourism industry.

5. Historical sites: Israel is home to numerous historical and archaeological sites, including Jerusalem’s Old City, Masada, the Dead Sea, Caesarea, and the Sea of Galilee. These sites attract tourists interested in exploring ancient history and biblical sites.

6. Beach tourism: With its extensive coastline along the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea, Israel offers a variety of beach destinations. Popular beach cities include Tel Aviv, Haifa, Eilat, and Herzliya, attracting visitors seeking sun, sea, and water sports.

7. Cultural attractions: Israel boasts a vibrant cultural scene, including museums, art galleries, music festivals, and theatres. Tel Aviv, in particular, is known for its thriving arts and entertainment scene.

8. Ecotourism and nature reserves: Israel’s diverse landscapes provide opportunities for ecotourism and nature exploration. The country is home to several national parks and nature reserves, such as the Negev Desert, the Golan Heights, Ein Gedi, and the Hula Valley.

9. Medical tourism: Israel has gained recognition as a leading destination for medical tourism. The country is known for its advanced medical facilities, expertise in specific medical fields, and high-quality healthcare services.

10. Innovation and technology tourism: Israel has earned the nickname “Start-up Nation” due to its thriving tech industry. Many tourists visit the country to explore its innovation hubs, attend tech conferences, and learn about cutting-edge technologies being developed in Israel.

Here is a summary of the most popular tourist destinations in Israel:

1. Jerusalem: Jerusalem is a major pilgrimage site for religious travellers from various faiths. It is home to important religious sites such as the Western Wall, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and the Dome of the Rock. The Old City of Jerusalem, with its narrow streets and historical significance, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

2. Tel Aviv: Known for its vibrant atmosphere, beautiful beaches, and thriving nightlife, Tel Aviv attracts visitors seeking a mix of culture, entertainment, and relaxation. The city offers a wide range of attractions, including the UNESCO-listed White City with its Bauhaus architecture, bustling markets, art galleries, and museums.

3. Masada: Situated atop an isolated rock plateau overlooking the Dead Sea, Masada is an ancient fortress with a dramatic history. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a symbol of Jewish resistance and perseverance. Visitors can explore the ruins and enjoy panoramic views of the surrounding desert landscape.

4. Dead Sea: The Dead Sea, located at the lowest point on Earth, is renowned for its high salt content and unique buoyancy, allowing visitors to effortlessly float on its surface. Apart from the therapeutic properties of its mineral-rich mud and waters, the Dead Sea offers stunning landscapes and opportunities for relaxation and wellness.

5. Bethlehem: Just outside Jerusalem, Bethlehem holds great religious significance as the birthplace of Jesus Christ. The Church of the Nativity, a major pilgrimage site, attracts many visitors. Bethlehem’s old city features ancient streets and markets, preserving its historical and cultural heritage.

6. Nazareth: As the hometown of Jesus, Nazareth is a significant pilgrimage destination for Christians. The Basilica of the Annunciation, built on the site believed to be where the angel Gabriel appeared to Mary, is a major highlight. Visitors can explore the city’s biblical sites and immerse themselves in its rich history.

7. Haifa: Located on the slopes of Mount Carmel and overlooking the Mediterranean Sea, Haifa is known for its beautiful gardens, including the Bahá’í Gardens, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city offers a mix of cultural attractions, including museums, art galleries, and the vibrant German Colony neighbourhood.

8. Acre (Akko): Acre is a historic port city with a well-preserved old town that has been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Visitors can explore its ancient fortifications, narrow streets, and visit attractions like the Crusader-era Knights’ Halls and the Al-Jazzar Mosque.

9. Eilat: Eilat, located on the Red Sea coast, is a popular resort city known for its pristine beaches, vibrant coral reefs, and opportunities for snorkelling and diving. The underwater observatory allows visitors to observe marine life without getting wet, and nearby attractions include the Timna Park and the Red Canyon.

10. Caesarea: Caesarea is an ancient Roman port city with well-preserved ruins, including a theatre, a hippodrome, and a reconstructed Roman aqueduct. The city offers a glimpse into its rich history and hosts cultural events and concerts in its ancient settings.

These attractions represent a diverse range of historical, cultural, religious, and natural sites that draw tourists to Israel.

The most popular types of tourism in Israel

Here is a summary of the most popular types of tourism in Israel:

1. Religious Tourism: Israel is a significant destination for religious tourism, attracting visitors from various faiths. It offers important religious sites for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, such as the Western Wall, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and the Al-Aqsa Mosque.

2. Historical and Archaeological Tourism: Israel is rich in historical and archaeological sites, which appeal to history enthusiasts. The country is home to renowned sites like Masada, Caesarea, Beit She’an, and Megiddo, offering insights into ancient civilizations and biblical history.

3. Cultural Tourism: Israel’s diverse cultural scene attracts tourists interested in experiencing its vibrant arts, music, and culinary traditions. Cities like Tel Aviv and Jerusalem offer museums, galleries, theatres, music festivals, and lively markets, providing a blend of contemporary and traditional culture.

4. Beach Tourism: Israel’s extensive coastline along the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea offers beautiful beaches and water activities. Cities like Tel Aviv, Haifa, Eilat, and Herzliya are popular beach destinations, attracting sun-seekers and water sports enthusiasts.

5. Nature and Ecotourism: Israel’s diverse landscapes provide opportunities for nature lovers and eco-conscious travellers. From the picturesque Galilee region to the Negev Desert and the Dead Sea, visitors can explore national parks, nature reserves, hiking trails, and engage in activities like birdwatching and desert excursions.

6. Adventure Tourism: Israel offers various adventure activities for thrill-seekers. From hiking in the scenic landscapes of the Galilee and Golan Heights to rappelling down desert cliffs in the Negev, visitors can enjoy outdoor adventures like rock climbing, ATV tours, and scuba diving in the Red Sea.

7. Medical Tourism: Israel has gained recognition as a leading destination for medical tourism. The country’s advanced healthcare facilities and expertise in specialised medical fields, such as fertility treatments, organ transplants, and innovative therapies, attract patients from around the world.

8. Culinary and Wine Tourism: Israeli cuisine has gained international acclaim, blending flavours from diverse cultures and traditions. Food and wine enthusiasts can indulge in culinary tours, visit wineries in regions like the Golan Heights and the Judean Hills, and savour a wide range of local delicacies.

9. Innovation and Technology Tourism: Israel’s reputation as the “Start-up Nation” draws visitors interested in exploring its innovative technology ecosystem. Tech enthusiasts, entrepreneurs, and investors visit tech hubs like Tel Aviv and attend conferences and events showcasing the latest advancements in technology and innovation.

10. Spa and Wellness Tourism in Israel: The Dead Sea’s unique properties make it a renowned destination for spa and wellness tourism. Visitors can enjoy therapeutic mud treatments, mineral-rich saltwater pools, and spa facilities offering a range of rejuvenating therapies and relaxation experiences.

These popular types of tourism in Israel cater to a wide range of interests, making the country an enticing destination for diverse travellers.

Tourism plays a significant role in Israel’s economy, contributing to employment, revenue generation, and overall economic growth. Here are some key economic impacts of tourism in Israel:

1. Job Creation: The tourism industry in Israel provides employment opportunities across various sectors, including hospitality, transportation, food services, travel agencies, tour operators, and retail. Tourism-related activities create jobs for a significant number of people, directly and indirectly supporting the economy.

2. Revenue Generation: Tourism in Israel generates substantial revenue for the Israeli economy. Visitors spend money on accommodation, dining, shopping, transportation, tours, and other tourism-related activities. This spending contributes to the local economy, supports businesses, and generates tax revenue for the government.

3. Foreign Exchange Earnings: Tourism in Israel contributes to foreign exchange earnings by attracting international visitors who spend money in the country. This foreign currency influx strengthens Israel’s balance of payments and helps stabilise the exchange rate.

4. Small Business Support: Tourism in Israel provides opportunities for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to thrive. Local entrepreneurs can establish businesses catering to tourists, such as guesthouses, restaurants, souvenir shops, and tour operators. These small businesses benefit from the influx of tourists, supporting local economies and fostering entrepreneurship.

5. Infrastructure Development: The growth of tourism in Israel often drives infrastructure development. To accommodate increasing numbers of visitors, investments are made in transportation networks, airports, hotels, resorts, cultural facilities, and attractions. This development not only enhances the tourism sector but also benefits the overall infrastructure of the country.

6. Regional Development: Tourism in Israel contributes to regional development by attracting visitors to different parts of the country. Popular tourist destinations outside major cities receive investment and infrastructure improvements, leading to economic growth in these regions. This helps to reduce regional disparities and spread the economic benefits more widely.

7. Ancillary Industries: Tourism in Israel supports various ancillary industries that provide goods and services to cater to the needs of tourists. These include transportation services, travel agencies, tour guides, souvenir manufacturers, food suppliers, and entertainment providers. These industries benefit from the demand created by tourism, leading to increased business activity and employment.

8. Investment and Entrepreneurship: The tourism industry attracts domestic and foreign investment, leading to further economic development. Investors recognize the potential in developing hotels, resorts, and tourism-related infrastructure, which contributes to job creation, economic growth, and innovation.

9. Diversification of the Economy: Tourism in Israel helps diversify the Israeli economy by providing an additional revenue stream beyond traditional sectors such as agriculture, technology, and manufacturing. This diversification contributes to a more robust and resilient economy, reducing dependence on specific industries.

10. Promotion of Trade and Cultural Exchange: Tourism in Israel acts as a catalyst for cultural exchange and trade. Visitors to Israel often engage in cultural activities, experience local traditions, and purchase local products. This exchange of ideas and goods strengthens cultural ties, fosters understanding, and promotes international trade.

Tourism in Israel has various social impacts that influence the local communities, culture, and social dynamics. Here are some key social impacts of tourism in Israel:

1. Cultural Exchange: Tourism in Israel facilitates cultural exchange between visitors and the local population. Visitors have the opportunity to engage with the diverse cultures, traditions, and heritage of Israel. This exchange of ideas, beliefs, and experiences promotes cross-cultural understanding and appreciation.

2. Preservation of Cultural Heritage: Tourism in Israel often contributes to the preservation and conservation of cultural heritage sites, traditions, and practices. The demand from tourists encourages the maintenance and restoration of historical sites, museums, and cultural landmarks. This preservation effort helps protect and showcase Israel’s rich history and heritage.

3. Community Empowerment: Tourism in Israel can empower local communities by providing economic opportunities and alternative sources of income. Local artisans, tour guides, and small businesses can benefit from tourism, leading to improved livelihoods and community development. Community-based tourism initiatives may involve local communities in the planning, management, and benefits of tourism activities.

4. Cultural Revitalization: Tourism in Israel can revitalise traditional arts, crafts, and cultural practices that may have been at risk of decline. Local artisans and performers have the opportunity to showcase their skills and traditions to tourists, fostering pride in cultural heritage and encouraging its continuation.

5. Awareness and Tolerance: Interaction between tourists and local communities promotes awareness and tolerance. By encountering different cultures and perspectives, tourists gain a deeper understanding of Israeli society and its diverse communities. This exposure can foster tolerance, respect, and appreciation for different religions, traditions, and lifestyles.

6. Education and Knowledge Exchange: Tourism in Israel provides educational opportunities for both visitors and locals. Visitors learn about the history, culture, and heritage of Israel through guided tours, museums, and cultural events. Conversely, locals have the chance to engage with tourists and share their knowledge, traditions, and perspectives, fostering mutual learning and understanding.

7. Socioeconomic Equality: Tourism in Israel can contribute to reducing socioeconomic disparities by providing employment and business opportunities in different regions. It can stimulate economic activity in less-developed areas, helping to distribute the benefits of tourism more equitably across the country.

8. Social Cohesion: Tourism in Israel can foster social cohesion by bringing together people from diverse backgrounds and promoting interaction and dialogue. Shared tourism experiences can bridge social divides, promote social integration, and encourage a sense of national identity and unity.

9. Environmental Awareness: Sustainable tourism practices promote environmental awareness and conservation efforts. As tourists explore Israel’s natural landscapes and protected areas, they develop an appreciation for the environment and become advocates for its preservation. Tourism in Israel can contribute to raising awareness about environmental issues and promoting sustainable practices.

10. Peace and Diplomacy: Tourism in Israel can play a role in promoting peace and diplomacy by facilitating interactions and understanding between people from different countries and backgrounds. Through tourism, individuals have the opportunity to engage in dialogue, challenge stereotypes, and build connections that transcend political conflicts.

While tourism in Israel brings numerous social benefits, it is crucial to manage its impacts in a responsible and sustainable manner to ensure the preservation of cultural heritage, protection of the environment, and the well-being of local communities.

Tourism in Israel, like any other destination, has environmental impacts that can affect natural resources, ecosystems, and local habitats. Here are some key environmental impacts of tourism in Israel:

1. Land Degradation and Habitat Loss: The development of tourism infrastructure, such as hotels, resorts, and roads, may lead to land degradation and habitat loss. Construction activities and land clearing can disrupt natural ecosystems and fragment habitats, impacting local flora and fauna.

2. Water Consumption and Stress on Water Resources: The high demand for water in hotels, resorts, and tourist facilities can strain local water resources, particularly in arid regions like Israel. Water-intensive activities, such as swimming pools, irrigation, and increased water usage by tourists, can lead to over extraction of water and depletion of freshwater sources.

3. Waste Generation and Management: Tourism in Israel generates significant amounts of waste, including packaging, food waste, and other disposable items. Inadequate waste management practices can result in littering, pollution of natural areas, and strain on waste management infrastructure. Proper waste management systems are essential to minimise the environmental impact of tourism-related waste.

4. Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: The operation of hotels, resorts, transportation, and other tourism facilities requires energy, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. Energy-intensive activities, such as air conditioning, lighting, and transportation, can have an environmental impact and contribute to climate change. Promoting energy-efficient practices and adopting renewable energy sources can mitigate these impacts.

5. Transportation-Related Emissions: Tourists often travel by air, contributing to carbon emissions and air pollution. Ground transportation, such as buses and cars, also contribute to air pollution and traffic congestion, particularly in popular tourist areas. Encouraging sustainable transportation options, such as public transportation, cycling, and walking, can help reduce these impacts.

6. Natural Resource Consumption: Tourism activities can lead to increased consumption of natural resources, including water, energy, and materials. Excessive extraction of resources, such as sand for construction or water for swimming pools, can have negative ecological impacts and strain resource availability.

7. Pollution of Coastal Areas: Coastal tourism destinations in Israel, such as beaches and marine reserves, can be vulnerable to pollution from tourist activities. Improper waste disposal, marine debris, and wastewater discharge can degrade water quality, harm marine life, and damage fragile coastal ecosystems.

8. Impact on Protected Areas and Biodiversity: Tourist activities in protected areas and natural reserves, if not properly managed, can disrupt fragile ecosystems and endanger biodiversity. Unregulated tourism can lead to habitat destruction, disturbance of wildlife, and the introduction of invasive species, threatening local flora and fauna.

9. Cultural and Heritage Site Preservation: The influx of tourists to cultural and heritage sites can lead to wear and tear, physical damage, and degradation of historical structures and artefacts. Conservation measures and visitor management strategies are essential to protect and preserve these valuable cultural assets.

10. Climate Change Vulnerability: Climate change poses long-term risks to the tourism sector in Israel. Rising temperatures, changes in rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events can impact natural landscapes, water resources, and the overall tourist experience. Adapting to climate change and implementing sustainable practices are crucial for the resilience of the tourism industry.

Efforts to minimise and mitigate these environmental impacts include sustainable tourism practices, responsible waste management, energy conservation measures, promoting eco-friendly transportation options, raising awareness about environmental issues among tourists, and supporting initiatives that prioritise conservation and sustainable development.

Israel generally has a reputation for maintaining a high level of security and safety. However, like any destination, it is important for travellers to stay informed and take necessary precautions. Here is some information about crime and safety in Israel:

1. Security Situation: Israel has a complex security situation due to political tensions and occasional conflicts in the region. The Israeli government maintains strict security measures to ensure the safety of residents and visitors. The security situation can vary, and it is advisable to stay updated on travel advisories and follow the guidance of local authorities.

2. Terrorism: Israel has faced security threats in the form of terrorism in the past. The Israeli security forces have implemented robust counter-terrorism measures to mitigate risks. Travellers are advised to be vigilant, avoid crowded places, and follow the instructions of security personnel.

3. Public Safety: Israel generally maintains a high level of public safety. The presence of security personnel is visible in public areas, transportation hubs, and popular tourist sites. However, like in any major city, petty crimes such as pickpocketing and theft can occur, especially in crowded areas. Travellers should take standard precautions to protect their belongings and be aware of their surroundings.

4. Border Areas: Certain areas near Israel’s borders, particularly along the Gaza Strip, West Bank, and the Israeli-Syrian border, can be volatile due to ongoing conflicts and political tensions. It is advisable to exercise caution and consult the latest travel advisories before visiting these areas.

5. Demonstrations and Protests: Demonstrations and protests can occur in Israel, primarily in response to political and social issues. These events may sometimes turn violent or disruptive. Travellers should avoid participating in or approaching such gatherings and monitor local news and guidance from authorities.

6. Personal Safety: Travelers should take standard precautions to ensure personal safety. This includes being aware of your surroundings, avoiding isolated or poorly lit areas at night, using reliable transportation options, and securing personal belongings. It is also recommended to keep a photocopy of important travel documents and to have emergency contact information readily available.

7. Health and Medical Services: Israel has a well-developed healthcare system with high-quality medical services. It is recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical expenses. Travellers should also familiarise themselves with the location of medical facilities and carry any necessary prescription medications.

8. Natural Hazards: Israel is prone to natural hazards such as earthquakes, wildfires, and flash floods. Travellers should stay informed about local weather conditions, follow guidance from local authorities, and take necessary precautions during such events.

It is essential to stay updated on the current security situation and follow the guidance of local authorities and your country’s diplomatic missions. Consulting official travel advisories and registering with your embassy or consulate before travelling to Israel is advisable.

Now that we know a bit more about tourism in Israel, lets answer some of the most common questions on this topic:

1. Is it safe to travel to Israel?

   Israel maintains a high level of security, and the safety of tourists is a priority. However, it is important to stay informed about the current security situation, follow travel advisories, and exercise caution, especially in border areas.

2. What is the best time to visit Israel?

   The best time to visit Israel is during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is pleasant. Summers can be hot, especially in the inland areas, while winters are mild with some rainfall.

3. What are the must-visit tourist attractions in Israel?

   Some popular tourist attractions in Israel include the Old City of Jerusalem, the Dead Sea, Masada, Tel Aviv’s vibrant beaches and nightlife, the Sea of Galilee, the ancient city of Caesarea, and the stunning landscapes of the Negev Desert.

4. Do I need a visa to visit Israel?

   The visa requirements for Israel vary depending on your nationality. Many countries have visa exemption agreements with Israel, allowing visitors to enter for a certain period without a visa. It is advisable to check with the Israeli embassy or consulate in your country for specific visa requirements.

5. Can I travel independently or should I join a guided tour?

   Travelling independently is possible in Israel, as the country has a well-developed tourism infrastructure and reliable public transportation. However, guided tours can offer convenience, in-depth knowledge, and a structured itinerary for those who prefer a guided experience.

6. What is the currency used in Israel?

   The currency used in Israel is the Israeli Shekel (ILS). ATMs are widely available, and credit cards are widely accepted in most establishments. It is advisable to have some cash on hand for smaller vendors and markets.

7. Is English widely spoken in Israel?

   Yes, English is widely spoken in Israel, especially in tourist areas, hotels, restaurants, and popular attractions. Many signs and menus are also in English, making it relatively easy for English-speaking tourists to communicate and navigate.

8. Are there any specific cultural norms or customs I should be aware of?

   Israel is a diverse country with a range of cultural practices. It is advisable to dress modestly, particularly when visiting religious sites. Respect for religious customs, such as covering your head in certain areas, is appreciated. It’s also polite to greet people with “Shalom” (hello) and “Toda” (thank you) in Hebrew.

9. Can I visit religious sites in Israel?

   Yes, visitors are welcome to visit religious sites in Israel, including the Western Wall, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and the Al-Aqsa Mosque. It is important to dress modestly and adhere to any specific guidelines or restrictions at these sites.

10. What are some unique experiences I can have in Israel?

Israel offers a range of unique experiences, such as floating in the Dead Sea, exploring the ancient ruins of Masada, visiting the Yad Vashem Holocaust Museum, hiking in the picturesque landscapes of the Galilee region, and tasting the diverse culinary offerings of Israeli cuisine.

As you can see, tourism in Israel is big business! However, there are many aspects that require careful and strategic management to ensure sustainable principles are practiced.

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The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Israel was worth 525 billion US dollars in 2022, according to official data from the World Bank. The GDP value of Israel represents 0.23 percent of the world economy. source: World Bank

Gdp in israel averaged 120.88 usd billion from 1960 until 2022, reaching an all time high of 525.00 usd billion in 2022 and a record low of 2.51 usd billion in 1962. this page provides - israel gdp - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news. israel gdp - values, historical data and charts - was last updated on april of 2024., gdp in israel is expected to reach 535.50 usd billion by the end of 2024, according to trading economics global macro models and analysts expectations. in the long-term, the israel gdp is projected to trend around 548.89 usd billion in 2025 and 565.35 usd billion in 2026, according to our econometric models.,   markets,   gdp,   labour,   prices,   money,   trade,   government,   business,   consumer,   housing,   taxes,   health,   climate.

Israel’s tourism industry remains strong as hotels pivot from hosting evacuees

The israeli ministry of tourism, led by haim katz, housed displaced residents in hotels during the war with hamas, providing financial support and preparing for the tourism industry's recovery..

Housing 90,000 evacuees amid war crisis

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Tourism openness over GDP Saudi Arabia 2008-2021

Tourism openness as share of the gdp in saudi arabia from 2008 to 2021.

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2008 to 2021

According to the source, "tourism openness over GDP" reflects how important the sum of cross-border tourism expenditures (the sum of inbound and outbound tourism expenditure) are relative to the economy of Saudi Arabia. It could be used as a measure of the free flow of tourism between the country of reference and the rest of the world.

Other statistics on the topic

• International visitors in Israel 2016-2022
• Number of departures abroad of Israeli citizens from Israel 2014-2022

Travel, Tourism & Hospitality

• Number of visitors to the U.S. from Israel 2011-2022
• Number of tourists from the United States in Israel 2018-2022

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Statistics on " Travel and tourism in Israel "

• Number of international tourist arrivals in Israel 2015-2029
• Tourist arrivals in Israel 2021, by age group
• Number of tourists from Europe in Israel 2022, by country of citizenship
• Number of tourists from Asia in Israel 2022, by country of citizenship
• Passengers in cruises in Israel 2014-2022
• Number of Israelis aged 20-24 years traveling abroad 2015-2022
• Number of Israelis aged 0-19 years traveling abroad 2015-2022
• Number of Israelis aged 25-59 years traveling abroad 2015-2022
• Number of Israelis aged 60-64 years traveling abroad 2015-2022
• Number of Israelis aged 65 years and older traveling abroad 2015-2022
• International air traffic of passengers in Israel 2022
• International air traffic of passengers with Israeli airlines in Israel 2022
• Revenue of El Al Airlines in Israel 2021-2022
• International air traffic of passengers with airlines from the US in Israel 2022
• International air traffic of passengers with German airlines in Israel 2022
• International air traffic of passengers with French airlines in Israel 2022
• International air traffic of passengers with Spanish airlines in Israel 2022
• Share of the GDP of the tourism sector in Israel 2013-2028
• Absolute economic contribution of tourism in Israel 2014-2029
• Expenditure on international tourism in Israel 2014-2029
• Expenditure per capita on international tourism in Israel 2001-2029
• International tourism receipts per capita in Israel 2001-2029
• Number of tourist hotels in Israel 2014-2021
• Number of tourist hotels in Israel 2021, by district
• Number of foreign guests in tourist hotels in Israel 2014-2021
• Number of Israeli guests in tourist hotels in Israel 2014-2021
• Number of rural tourism guest rooms in Israel 2014-2021
• Total revenue of hotel services in Israel 2014-2021
• Occupancy rate of bed places in hotels in Israel 2017-2022
• Number of visits to historical sites in Israel 2017-2022
• Number of visits to historical sites in Israel 2022, by district
• Number of visits to recreation sites in Israel 2017-2022
• Number of visits to recreation sites in Israel 2022, by district
• Number of visits to Caesarea in Israel 2019-2022
• Number of visits to En Gedi in Israel 2019-2022
• Number of visits to the Banias springs in Israel 2019-2022
• Number of visits to Zippori in Israel 2019-2022
• Number of visits to Palmahim in Israel 2019-2022
• Number of visits to the Mizpe Ramon Visitors Center in Israel 2019-2022

Other statistics that may interest you Travel and tourism in Israel

Inbound tourism

• Basic Statistic International visitors in Israel 2016-2022
• Premium Statistic Number of international tourist arrivals in Israel 2015-2029
• Basic Statistic Tourist arrivals in Israel 2021, by age group
• Basic Statistic Number of tourists from Europe in Israel 2022, by country of citizenship
• Basic Statistic Number of tourists from Asia in Israel 2022, by country of citizenship
• Basic Statistic Number of tourists from the United States in Israel 2018-2022
• Basic Statistic Passengers in cruises in Israel 2014-2022

Outbound tourism

• Basic Statistic Number of departures abroad of Israeli citizens from Israel 2014-2022
• Basic Statistic Number of Israelis aged 20-24 years traveling abroad 2015-2022
• Basic Statistic Number of Israelis aged 0-19 years traveling abroad 2015-2022
• Basic Statistic Number of Israelis aged 25-59 years traveling abroad 2015-2022
• Basic Statistic Number of Israelis aged 60-64 years traveling abroad 2015-2022
• Basic Statistic Number of Israelis aged 65 years and older traveling abroad 2015-2022
• Basic Statistic Number of visitors to the U.S. from Israel 2011-2022
• Basic Statistic International air traffic of passengers in Israel 2022
• Basic Statistic International air traffic of passengers with Israeli airlines in Israel 2022
• Basic Statistic Revenue of El Al Airlines in Israel 2021-2022
• Basic Statistic International air traffic of passengers with airlines from the US in Israel 2022
• Basic Statistic International air traffic of passengers with German airlines in Israel 2022
• Basic Statistic International air traffic of passengers with French airlines in Israel 2022
• Basic Statistic International air traffic of passengers with Spanish airlines in Israel 2022

Economic contribution and tourism expenditure

• Premium Statistic Share of the GDP of the tourism sector in Israel 2013-2028
• Premium Statistic Absolute economic contribution of tourism in Israel 2014-2029
• Premium Statistic Expenditure on international tourism in Israel 2014-2029
• Premium Statistic Expenditure per capita on international tourism in Israel 2001-2029
• Premium Statistic International tourism receipts per capita in Israel 2001-2029

Accommodations

• Basic Statistic Number of tourist hotels in Israel 2014-2021
• Basic Statistic Number of tourist hotels in Israel 2021, by district
• Basic Statistic Number of foreign guests in tourist hotels in Israel 2014-2021
• Basic Statistic Number of Israeli guests in tourist hotels in Israel 2014-2021
• Basic Statistic Number of rural tourism guest rooms in Israel 2014-2021
• Basic Statistic Total revenue of hotel services in Israel 2014-2021
• Basic Statistic Occupancy rate of bed places in hotels in Israel 2017-2022

National parks

• Basic Statistic Number of visits to historical sites in Israel 2017-2022
• Basic Statistic Number of visits to historical sites in Israel 2022, by district
• Basic Statistic Number of visits to recreation sites in Israel 2017-2022
• Basic Statistic Number of visits to recreation sites in Israel 2022, by district

Popular tourist sights

• Basic Statistic Number of visits to Caesarea in Israel 2019-2022
• Basic Statistic Number of visits to En Gedi in Israel 2019-2022
• Basic Statistic Number of visits to the Banias springs in Israel 2019-2022
• Basic Statistic Number of visits to Zippori in Israel 2019-2022
• Basic Statistic Number of visits to Palmahim in Israel 2019-2022
• Basic Statistic Number of visits to the Mizpe Ramon Visitors Center in Israel 2019-2022

Further related statistics

• Premium Statistic Tourism openness over GDP Egypt 2008-2020
• Premium Statistic Cross-border tourism expenditures over GDP in Japan 2011-2021
• Premium Statistic Outbound tourism expenditure over goods and services imports Saudi Arabia 2008-2021
• Premium Statistic Average daily expenditure of tourists from ASEAN countries in Malaysia 2019
• Premium Statistic Inbound tourism expenditure over exports of goods Indonesia 2012-2021
• Premium Statistic Inbound tourism expenditure over goods exports Qatar 2011-2021
• Basic Statistic Direct tourism contribution of Lagos to GDP of Nigeria 2006-2026
• Basic Statistic Tourism contribution to GDP growth of the Middle East and Africa by city 2016-2026
• Basic Statistic Total economic contribution of travel and tourism to GDP of the GCC by type 2017

Further Content: You might find this interesting as well

• Tourism openness over GDP Egypt 2008-2020
• Cross-border tourism expenditures over GDP in Japan 2011-2021
• Outbound tourism expenditure over goods and services imports Saudi Arabia 2008-2021
• Average daily expenditure of tourists from ASEAN countries in Malaysia 2019
• Inbound tourism expenditure over exports of goods Indonesia 2012-2021
• Inbound tourism expenditure over goods exports Qatar 2011-2021
• Direct tourism contribution of Lagos to GDP of Nigeria 2006-2026
• Tourism contribution to GDP growth of the Middle East and Africa by city 2016-2026
• Total economic contribution of travel and tourism to GDP of the GCC by type 2017

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House approves $61bn aid for Ukraine – what we know so far, and what happens next

US funding package has cleared its biggest hurdle, the House of Representatives. What comes next in the Senate, and how has the world responded?

The US House of Representatives has approved $95bn in foreign aid for Ukraine, Israel and other US allies in a rare Saturday session as Democrats and Republicans banded together after months of hard-right resistance over renewed American support for repelling Russia’s invasion.

With an overwhelming vote, the $61bn in aid for Ukraine passed in a matter of minutes, a strong showing as American lawmakers race to deliver a fresh round of US support to the war-torn ally. Many Democrats cheered on the House floor and waved Ukraine flags.

The speaker, Mike Johnson, who helped marshall the package to passage, said after the vote: “We did our work here, and I think history will judge it well.”

What does this new aid package include?

The $95bn in total funding includes roughly $61bn for Ukraine with some of the funding going towards replenishing American munitions; $26bn for Israel; $8bn for US allies in the Indo-Pacific region, including Taiwan; and $9bn in humanitarian assistance for civilians in war zones, such as Haiti, Sudan and Gaza , though the package also includes a ban until March 2025 on direct US funding for the UN Relief and Works Agency (Unrwa), an agency providing key assistance to Gaza.

In the Ukraine bill, of the $60.7bn, a total of about $23bn would be used by the US to replenish its military stockpiles, opening the door to future US military transfers to Ukraine. Another $14bn would go to the Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative, in which the Pentagon buys advanced new weapon systems for the Ukrainian military directly from US defence contractors.

There is also more than $11bn to fund current US military operations in the region, enhancing the capabilities of the Ukrainian military and fostering intelligence collaboration between Kyiv and Washington; and about $8bn in non-military assistance, such as helping Ukraine’s government continue basic operations, including the payment of salaries and pensions.

The package includes several Republican priorities that Democrats endorsed, or at least were willing to accept. Those include proposals that allow the US to seize frozen Russian central bank assets to rebuild Ukraine; impose sanctions on Iran, Russia , China and criminal organisations that traffic fentanyl; and legislation to require the China-based owner of the popular video app TikTok to sell its stake within a year or face a ban in the US.

What happens next?

Passage through the House has cleared away the biggest hurdle to Joe Biden’s funding request, first made in October as Ukraine’s military supplies began to run low.

The whole package will now go to the Senate, which could pass it as soon as Tuesday. It is then passed to Biden, the US president, who has promised to sign it immediately.

“I urge the Senate to quickly send this package to my desk so that I can sign it into law and we can quickly send weapons and equipment to Ukraine to meet their urgent battlefield needs,” the president said.

Chuck Schumer, leader of the Democratic majority in the Senate, announced it would begin procedural votes on the package Tuesday, saying: “Our allies across the world have been waiting for this moment.”

The Senate Republican minority leader, Mitch McConnell, as he prepared to overcome objections from his right flank next week, said: “The task before us is urgent. It is once again the Senate’s turn to make history.”

What has been the reaction from Ukraine?

Volodymyr Zelenskiy, the Ukrainian president, said he was “grateful” to both parties in the House and “personally Speaker Mike Johnson for the decision that keeps history on the right track”.

“Democracy and freedom will always have global significance and will never fail as long as America helps to protect it. The vital US aid bill passed today by the House will keep the war from expanding, save thousands and thousands of lives, and help both of our nations to become stronger … Thank you, America!”

Sergii Marchenko, the Ukrainian finance minister, pointed to the legislation’s provision for budget support.

“This is the extraordinary support we need to maintain financial stability and prevail,” he wrote on X.

What has been the reaction from other countries?

Taiwan’s defence ministry said on Sunday it will discuss with the US how to use funding for the island.

The ministry said it “will coordinate the relevant budget uses with the United States through existing exchange mechanisms, and work hard to strengthen combat readiness capabilities to ensure national security and peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait”.

The defence ministry also expressed thanks to the US House for passing the package on Saturday, saying it demonstrated the “rock solid” US support for Taiwan.

Taiwan has since 2022 complained of delays in US weapon deliveries, such as Stinger anti-aircraft missiles, as manufacturers focused on supplying Ukraine.

How has Russia responded?

The Kremlin spokesman, Dmitry Peskov, said the approval of security aid to Ukraine would lead to more damage and deaths in the conflict there.

The decision “will make the United States of America richer, further ruin Ukraine and result in the deaths of even more Ukrainians, the fault of the Kyiv regime”, Peskov said, according to Russian news agencies.

Peskov also said that provisions in the legislation allowing the US to confiscate seized Russian assets and transfer them to Ukraine to fund reconstruction would tarnish the image of the US, and Russia would enact retaliatory measures.

The former Russian president Dmitry Medvedev, writing on the Telegram messaging app, said the approval of US aid for Ukraine was expected and grounded in “Russophobia”.

“We will, of course, be victorious regardless of the blood soaked $61 billion, which will mostly be swallowed up by their insatiable military industrial complex,” wrote Medvedev, who acts as deputy chairman of the security council.

Russian foreign ministry spokesperson, Maria Zakharova, said the approval of aid in the legislation to Ukraine, Israel and Taiwan would “deepen crises throughout the world”.

“Military assistance to the Kyiv regime is direct sponsorship of terrorist activity,” Zakharova wrote on Telegram. “To Taiwan, it is interference in China’s internal affairs. To Israel, it is a road straight to escalation and an unprecedented rise in tension in the region.”

Russia illegally annexed Crimea in 2014, and launched its similarly unprovoked and illegal invasion of Ukraine in February 2022; while Ukraine, an independent and sovereign country, has acted in self-defence.

How will the US get weapons swiftly to Ukraine?

The Pentagon could get weapons moving to Ukraine within days once the military aid package clears the Senate and Biden signs it into law. It has a network of storage sites in the US and Europe that already hold the ammunition and air defence components that Kyiv desperately needs.

According to a US military official, the US would be able to send certain munitions “almost immediately” to Ukraine. Among the weapons that could go very quickly are the 155 mm rounds and other artillery, along with some air defence munitions. “We would like very much to be able to rush the security assistance in the volumes we think they need to be able to be successful,” said Pentagon press secretary Maj Gen Pat Ryder.

“We have a very robust logistics network that enables us to move material very quickly,” Ryder told reporters this past week. “We can move within days.” The Pentagon has had supplies ready to go for months but hasn’t moved them because it is out of money. It has already spent all of the funding Congress had previously provided to support Ukraine, sending more than $44bn worth of weapons, maintenance, training and spare parts since Russia’s February 2022 invasion. Reuters and the Associated Press contributed to this report

• US politics
• House of Representatives
• Biden administration
• US foreign policy
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