trip to ends

Thursday, April 11, 2024

Extraordinary BBQ

Turning your ordinary grilling into extraordinary Barbeque.

Tri Tip Burnt Ends {Crunchy, Spicy, and Delicious in Four Hours}

In our latest quest to create some Extraordinary BBQ we made up a tasty batch of Tri Tip Burnt Ends! This recipe is very easy to follow and will get a few pounds of burnt ends on you table in just about four hours.

Burnt ends made from a tri tip are not as good as those made from a brisket point but they are good enough that I will be making another batch soon!

Let’s jump in and start making some great barbecue 🙂

Cut and Season the Tri Tip

I started with a 2 pound tri tip roast and cut it into cubes that were about an inch thick. While it is usually important to slice a tri tip against the grain the fact that it got cut into cubes means that anyway you go should turn out fine.

You will get a few smaller pieces around the edges of the roast but don’t worry, they will turn out tasty and crunchy 😉

I tried to keep the original shape of the tri tip while I was cutting the meat but that was just to give you an idea of how big the cubes of meat were.

One the meat had been cut into cubes it was time to season them heavily with a dry rub. I went with the following:

3 tbls Salt
1 tbls Black Pepper
1 tbls Sugar
1 tbls Chili Powder
1/2 tsp MSG

I worked in batches by adding 1 tablespoon of rub at a time, mixing well and allowing the rub to penetrate the meat for 15 minutes before adding more rub.

All told I used a little over three tablespoons of rub for the two pounds of meat.

Let the meat rest at room temperature for at least 30 minutes after the last batch of rub has been added.

Smoke the Tri Tip to Make Burnt Ends

I turned on my Z Grills pellet grill and set the temperature to 180F burning hickory pellets. I placed a six inch smoke tube filled with smoldering hickory pellets on the bottom grate and the cubes of seasoned tri tip on the top grate.

I wanted to get a deep smoke flavor into the meat cubes so I let them smoke at 180F and the smoke tube for two hours.

After two hours in heavy smoke I raised the temperature of the grill to 250F to help set the rub and speed up the cook.

After an hour at 250F the tri tip burnt ends were looking fabulous! The sugar in the rub was just starting to caramelize, the smaller bits had taken on a little crunch and the meat was ready for a bath in bbq sauce!

Simmer the Burnt Ends in Barbecue Sauce

The meat got transferred to a foil pan and was coated with two cups of bbq sauce. Beef does extremely well with a sauce that is spicy with some sweetness so I went with the Apple Habanero bbq sauce from Head Country but you can use whatever sauce that floats you boat.

I tossed the burnt ends in the sauce to make sure they were well coated. The pan was placed back on the smoker and the burnt ends were allowed to simmer in the sauce, uncovered, for one hour at 250F.

After the burnt ends had simmered in the sauce for an hour they came off the smoker and were ready to eat!

The tri tip burnt ends were not as succulent as traditionally burnt ends made from a brisket point but that is expected since tri tip is a much leaner cut of meat. Despite not being as good as burnt ends made from a brisket these morsels were slightly crunchy, smoky, salty and beefy. I did like these more than burnt ends made from Spam and they were also much better than Poor Man’s Burnt Ends made from a chuck roast.

All told I will call this recipe a great success and will be making it again!

Tri Tip Burnt Ends

Ingredients .

2 lbs Tri Tip Roast
2 cups Barbecue Sauce
Dry Rub Ingredients
3 tbsp Salt
1 tbsp Black Pepper
1 tbsp Chili Powder
1 tbsp Sugar
1/2 tsp MSG

Instructions

Combine dry rub ingredients and mix well.
Cut tri tip into one inch cubes.
Season the tri tip cubes with three tablespoons of the dry rub, mixing well to coat.
Smoke the seasoned meat cubes at 180F for two hours.
Raise the temperature of the smoker to 150F and smoke for one more hour.
Transfer the burnt ends to a foil pan and toss with barbecue sauce.
Return the pan to the smoker and cook for one more hour at 250F.
Remove the pan from the smoker and serve.

Brisket style tri tip {easy smoked brisket recipe}, hot dog burnt ends {simple tricks for amazing results}, reverse sear tri tip steak {cast iron}, hot and fast baby back ribs on a pellet grill {three hours}.

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How To Trim Your Own Split Ends: It's Easier Than You Think

Are you wondering how to cut split ends at home?

Hands up who hasn’t at least once in the last few months searched the phrase “how to cut your own split ends”? Not only have searches for ‘cutting hair’ increased by 724%, but - judging from our social media feeds - cutting split ends at home has become a major pastime.

We get it. At times, your hair might not be feeling its best. Without its regular appointments to trim split ends, the ends feel dry and damaged and it’s not as easy to style. But equally, you’re not a trained hairdresser – one wrong move and you could be growing out your home haircut for years to come. So what’s the answer? Here’s our guide on how to trim your own split ends.

Dusting v Trimming Split Ends

If you’re reluctant to lose any length, a new technique called ‘Dusting’ helps to rid your hair of split ends without losing any length. It’s a bit like de-fuzzing your clothes: all you trim are the flyaways that have split, leaving a sleeker, smoother look. On dry hair, comb hair through in small sections, then using shearing scissors (also called thinning scissors, they have fine ‘teeth’ along one of the blades), let the scissors catch the damaged hair. (They can be razor-sharp, so handle with care). When it comes to how to cut your own dead ends, trimming will always be the fail-safe approach. Removing whatever’s not healthy will ensure hair has a lovely thickness from root to tip, which will help improve things like shine and manageability, too. And here’s a little tip from us: when it comes to how to trim your own split ends at home, the best way is when hair is dry (wet hair is stretchier and more prone to damage). This is true for every hair type: straight, wavy, curly, coily. If you’re chopping off more than a few centimetres, you can comb through and make a horizontal cut first, but the most natural way is to hold a pair of hairdressing scissors (small and super-sharp but with no teeth) pointing upwards and make vertical snips into the length. For women who only wear their hair curly, let your hair dry naturally before cutting. We'd recommend trimming each curl or coil individually, rather than sectioning the hair out and cutting across, to ensure a more even finish. And for women who love to change up their hair textures, a blowout before a trim works best.

Video of Dove Partner, Kelly U answering your questions, including her best advice on how she cares for split ends, hair breakage and damaged hair.

Caring for Split Ends

The more hydrated your hair is, the more resilient against split ends it will be. Dove Nourishing Secrets Coconut Hydration Shampoo and Conditioner are specially formulated to nourish dry, brittle hair caused by weather conditions, hair styling techniques, harsh chemical treatments – or missing your regular styling appointments. And as well as rejuvenating dry hair, they help to keep hair healthy after it’s been cut, too: both products contain Nutritive Serum to lock in hair’s essential moisture in a lightweight formula that won’t weigh hair down – so you can use them every single day. In fact, the formulas are progressively nourishing – meaning your hair gets healthier looking after every wash. So now you won’t have to think twice about your split ends. If you’re not heading to a salon, or even just need to space out your appointments - unleash your inner hair stylist – you won’t look back!

Nourishing Secrets
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Nourishing Secrets Coconut & Hydration Shampoo

Is There a Way to Stop a Mushroom Trip Once It’s Started?

It’s pretty hard to stop the trip train once it’s left the psychedelic station, but thankfully, there are some things you can do to get through it okay

There are a number of things to think about before you take a mushroom -induced trip. How should you take them? Who should you take them with? Where will you go? What if you have a big life realization ? Then, inevitably, what happens if you hate it and want it to end?

This was the conundrum put to Reddit last month, when a user — mid-trip — turned to the platform for help. “How can I cancel a mushroom high?” they asked . “I just want it to be done now. Not having a good time at all.” Unfortunately, the most common response was probably not what they wanted to hear: You can’t. “Accept the trip and stop fighting back,” another redditor replied. “It’s gonna be over soon.”

Many people, however, disagreed, suggesting that there’s certain “trip-killer medications” that can bring you back to Earth. Those mentioned include alcohol, cigarettes, zopiclone (a sleeping pill), diazepam (anxiety medication), mirtazapine (an antidepressant) and quetiapine (an antipsychotic). Others blanketly recommended any type of benzo. However, aside from the fact that you might not have these particular drugs on hand, their use as “trip-killers” are anecdotal, and they’re likely to affect each person differently.

Other than that, there aren’t a lot of reliable quick fixes to end a trip. “The best way to reach the other side is to go through the experience,” says Chelsea Rose Pires, the harm-reduction manager and clinical support officer at the psychedelic harm-reduction and education platform Zendo Project . “This can include all the uncomfortable or difficult sensations or feelings that may arise.” This doesn’t have to be a bad thing, though. Pires says a bad trip has the potential to “offer meaningful insight and understanding about our lives,” and adds that “our biggest growth comes through challenging times.”

However, she also says there are a handful of tangible things that you can do to ground and calm yourself during moments of panic. These include staying hydrated , having snacks on hand, tripping with a good, supportive friend who can help if things go haywire or switching up your scenery by changing the music, going for a walk, taking a shower or having a cry . If the weather’s nice and you’re outdoorsy, being outside can be particularly helpful — mushrooms often enhance people’s connection to the natural world, and nature can be comforting in times of distress.

For nervous first-time trippers, there are also steps you can take ahead of your trip to lean yourself in the direction of a good time. Read up about the type and dose of shrooms you’re taking — Pires recommends DanceSafe and DrugsData.org as two valuable resources. Then, during preparation, consider the set and setting — the former being your “internal state at the time when you ingest” and your intention for the trip, while the latter is the physical space you’re in and the people you’re with. “Planning ahead for these sort of important details can make all the difference in how you experience your trip,” says Pires.

As with many anxious feelings, often it’s all about your mindset. When someone on Reddit said a chamomile tea “saved” them when they were “peaking hard and full of anxiety ,” another person wisely replied: “Chamomile tea didn’t do much of anything to help you — what helped you was believing that you had just consumed something that would help you.”

My favorite piece of Reddit advice, though, comes from HornySusamongsus, whose kind reminder about shrooms should narrate everybody’s trips: “Remember, friend, they are not your enemy, they are your friend.”

Brit Dawson

Brit Dawson is a London-based journalist who mostly writes about sex, women's rights and sex work. She is also the staff writer at Dazed.

How to Trim Your Own Split Ends

Last Updated: April 30, 2023 Fact Checked

This article was co-authored by Courtney Foster . Courtney Foster is a Licensed Cosmetologist, Certified Hair Loss Practitioner, and Cosmetology Educator based out of New York City. Courtney runs Courtney Foster Beauty, LLC and her work has been featured on The Wendy Williams Show, Good Morning America, The Today Show, The Late Show with David Letterman, and in East/West Magazine. She received her Cosmetology License from the State of New York after training at the Empire Beauty School - Manhattan. There are 11 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 2,029,897 times.

Split ends can leave your hair looking damaged and dry. Luckily, there are super easy tactics for getting rid of those pesky split ends, leaving your hair looking healthy after just a few minutes of trimming. To get rid of split ends while leaving your length the same, try twisting or sliding your fingers down a section of hair to reveal the damage—this is often called dusting. If the ends of your hair are frayed and need to be cut, you can opt for a classic trim and cut off a bit of length using sharp cutting shears.

Twisting Your Hair

The section of hair doesn’t have to be exactly 1 inch (2.5 cm)—if your hair is thin, you might take a bigger section, while if your hair is super thick, you might take a smaller one.
It’s best if you start on one side of your head so that you don’t get the sections of hair mixed up as you go along.
Cut off the split ends by starting from the top of the strand and going down. This will help ensure that you don’t miss any of them.
If you have shorter hair that's more difficult to see, use a mirror when cutting off the split ends.
Keep in mind that this will result in your hair being varied lengths.

Courtney Foster

Use sharp scissors to cut your split ends. Dull cutting instruments can actually cause more split ends. Which defeats the purpose of removing your current ends.

For example, if you twisted the strand of hair clockwise first, twist it counterclockwise the second time.

Step 5 Gather a new section of hair and repeat the twisting process.

Use a hair clip or tie to hold back sections that you’ve already trimmed to avoid confusion.

Using the Sliding Technique

If your hair is wavy, then you may need to just blow dry your hair, rather than using a straightener.
If you’re using a hair straightener, remember to apply a heat protectant to avoid even more split ends!
Use the comb to brush through the strand of hair again, if needed.
Position your fingers like this near the roots so that you’ll be able to slide your fingers down the strand.

Step 4 Look for the split ends that pop up when positioned over your finger.

If your hair has layers, you’ll need to look extra closely to make sure the end sticking out is a split end and not just a shorter strand of hair.
Use a mirror to help you spot the split ends if you can't easily see the strand of hair.
You only need to clip off about 0.13 inches (0.33 cm) of hair.
Use a hair clip or tie to clump together the sections of hair that you’ve already trimmed so that they’re out of the way.

Trim your split ends to keep your hair healthy. If you have too many split ends, the split can travel up your hair shafts and cause breakage.

Trimming the Ends

Your hair doesn’t need to be soaking wet, just damp.
Try running your brush under the water before brushing your hair to help distribute the water.
If you have textured hair, it's best to cut your hair when it's dry. It won't straighten when it's wet.
You can use any other fingers if desired—it’s most important that the strand of hair is pulled straight.
As you’re sliding your fingers down the strand of hair, try to pull the strand away from your neck and out in front of you. This will allow you to cut the strand more easily.
Start by cutting off a small amount, just to be safe. You can always cut off more, if necessary.

Step 6 Move to the next section of hair, repeating the process.

Have someone help you with the back of your head, if possible.
Use a hair tie or clip to separate hair that needs to be trimmed from hair that has already been trimmed to avoid confusion.

Preventing Split Ends

Step 1 Moisturize your hair with conditioner often and effectively.

Use a conditioner every time you shampoo for best results. You can also use a daily leave-in conditioner to moisturize your hair even on days that you don't shampoo it.

If you're using the blow dryer, put it on the lowest setting to cause less damage.
Always apply a heat protectant to your hair before using a heat tool.
You can even make your own hair ties using a piece of elastic.

Step 6 Get a trim every 8-12 weeks to keep your hair healthy.

If you chemically treat your hair, then it's especially important that you get regular trims.

Expert Q&A

Use a pair of sharp cutting shears whenever you're cutting your hair. Using dull scissors will cause even more split ends. Thanks Helpful 4 Not Helpful 0
Trim your hair against a light background if you have dark hair, or vice versa. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

Tips from our Readers

Put hair oil on the tips of your hair and leave it on overnight. Wash your hair the next day and let it dry naturally. The oil will help hydrate your ends!
Most straight-haired people prefer cutting their hair while it's damp. This is because the hair won't move as much, so it's easier to cut a straight line.

↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FpjJDhvVGaI#t=1m1s
↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FpjJDhvVGaI#t=1m6s
↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FpjJDhvVGaI#t=1m28s
↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FpjJDhvVGaI#t=3m1s
↑ http://www.instyle.com/how-tos/hair-dusting-for-split-ends
↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmJZGNsGzjg#t=1m15s
↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmJZGNsGzjg#t=1m19s
↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmJZGNsGzjg#t=18s
↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmJZGNsGzjg#t=25s
↑ http://www.youbeauty.com/beauty/trim-your-own-hair/
↑ http://www.oprah.com/style/hair-advice-how-to-prevent-split-ends

About This Article

To trim your own split ends, style your hair so it’s straight and dry, then use a small comb to section off a small section of your hair. Position your hair in between your middle 3 fingers, weaving it under your index finger, over your middle finger, and under your ring finger. Slide your fingers down your hair, looking for any split ends that pop up over your middle finger. Clip off any split ends you see, then continue to the next section of hair. To learn more from our Cosmetologist co-author, like how to prevent getting split ends in the future, keep reading the article! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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The Ultimate Route 66 Road Trip

From flashy neon to roadside kitsch, here’s everything you need to know about the Mother Road, complete with interactive maps.

Last updated October 11, 2021

Route 66 is the quintessential embodiment of the road and all its greatest promises: freedom and serendipity, kitsch and living history, and a case study of the very particular way Americans have moved and multiplied. You can certainly travel eastward on Route 66 (in fact, we highly recommend it), but there’s no denying the symbolic strength of at least one westward journey along its patchwork of asphalt.

Everything you need to know about Route 66

Route 66 map.

Our favorite attractions

Route 66 history

Order Roadtrippers' Route 66 book

Our brand new Route 66 book will help you find every classic, quirky, and fun stop along the Mother Road.

Ready to get started? Don’t leave home without your trusty Route 66 map . It’s a good idea to bring a paper map of Route 66 as back-up in case you don’t have cell reception. But the Roadtrippers trip planner is going to be your best friend along the journey, with pre-made maps and guides ready to help make your trip a success.

Route 66 attractions

Here’s some of our favorite Route 66 attractions. Make sure you don’t miss them on your next trip down the Mother Road.

Gateway Arch

Gateway Arch National Park is so much more than just the iconic arch. There’s also a free museum with exhibits detailing America’s westward expansion and the building of the Gateway Arch, which is a good place to start if you’re waiting for your ride to the top (or if you’re scared of heights but still want the arch experience). A trip to the top of the Eero Saarinen-designed monument—the world’s tallest arch and the tallest man-made monument in the U.S.—offers great views of both sides of the Mississippi.

Blue Whale of Catoosa

The Blue Whale of Cartoosa is one of the most popular roadside attractions along Route 66. It was built by Hugh Davis in the early 1970s as a surprise anniversary gift for his wife Zelta, who loved whales and collected whale figurines. Take time to wander around the remnants of this famed roadside wonder, and have a snack at one of the picnic tables.

Cadillac Ranch

Ten Cadillacs stand along Interstate 40 , buried in the dirt at the same angles as the Great Pyramids of Giza. Visitors are encouraged to bring a can of spray paint and add their own mark to this unique roadside art installation. Spray painting the Cadillacs is a rite of passage for any true roadtripper, and the installation has gone through quite a few makeovers throughout the years.

Oatman, Arizona

You’d be hard-pressed to find a ghost town more real—or more alive—than Oatman . Located at the edge of Arizona on Route 66 and perched 2,700 feet above sea level in the Black Mountains, Oatman is a strange place run by wild burros.

Santa Monica Pier

Whether you call it the starting or ending point of the Mother Road, the Santa Monica Pier is the perfect spot to stretch your legs or snap photos of the ocean before embarking on a 2,000-mile trip east. Sure it’s touristy, but that shouldn’t stop you from taking a ride on the 1922 carousel or grabbing something sweet from the soda fountain. From the roller coaster and Ferris wheel to the arcade and the sign noting that it is the official end of Route 66, there’s tons of fun to be had here.

Although it only existed as a unified, legally codified road for 59 years—between 1926 and 1985—Route 66 became a great symbolic trailway of human civilization. It will live forever as a route whose traffic reshaped the world of its time, transporting generations of adventurers, migrants, grifters, and dreamers toward untold opportunities.

Route 66 gave rise to new towns, new industries, and a new vernacular architecture. A great deal of it was lost when most cross-country travel migrated to the interstates, but today, a thriving community of people who live along the road—travelers, well-wishers, and preservationists—share news and stories, raise money to protect landmarks, maintain museums, and otherwise work hard to protect its legacy. The route’s future, thanks to roadtrippers like you, looks bright.

Although it only existed as a unified, legally codified road for 59 years—between 1926 and 1985—Route 66 became a great symbolic trailway of human civilization.

The Mother Road has been firmly embedded in the American mythos for decades. In the 1940s, Bob Troup pounded out “(Get Your Kicks On) Route 66,” a catchy and enduring standard that has been covered by dozens of artists, from Nat King Cole to The Cramps. In the 1960s, CBS notched a major hit with Route 66, a series whose plot mostly amounted to two handsome guys rambling around the country in a Corvette roadster. Very few of the show’s episodes were actually set in towns anywhere near the road it was named for, making it clear that Route 66 had already become shorthand for the adventuresome American spirit, and for the open road itself. And since the Mother Road disappeared from official maps and its signage was removed in 1985, its mystique has only grown.

Route 66 by state

It’s time to hit the road, so hop in!

Use this guide for either westbound (Chicago to Santa Monica) or eastbound (Santa Monica to Chicago) travel along Route 66. For simplicity, this page is organized from east to west, as that’s the most popular way to experience the route. Should you venture from California to Illinois, just start by reading the section on California and work your way up the page.

Route 66 Illinois

Chicago, Illinois, is the eastern terminus of the Mother Road—depending on which way you travel, you will either start or end your trip across from Grant Park and Lake Michigan. After leaving the Windy City, the road takes you southwest through rural Midwestern towns full of classic motel neon, vintage filling stations, roadside giants, and historic bridges until you hit the Mississippi River and East St. Louis.

The stretch of Route 66 from Chicago to St. Louis is home to aluminum-and-chrome diners, historic, family-owned cafes, bizarre attractions, and other reminders of the route’s charming past. You’ll also see plenty of cornfields and flat prairie land between the bustling cities and sleepy towns along this first leg.

There are nearly 300 miles of Route 66 in Illinois. The state is also home to many of the country’s most famous Muffler Men , those fiberglass titans of retro roadside kitsch. A lot of the old route has been gobbled up by modern highways, in particular I-55, but there’s still plenty of neon, fiberglass, and chrome to keep any roadtripper happy. Traditionally, travelers begin their journey southwest near the shores of Lake Michigan, not spending too much time in Chicago. After all, the Mother Road is calling.

Route 66 Missouri

Many miles of Missouri’s Route 66 have been replaced over the years by larger highways, so what remains of the original road is a patchwork, especially in and around St. Louis. The Show-Me State contains several abandoned stretches of the Mother Road, but it’s still possible to travel on quite a bit of the original route. More than 300 miles of road takes you southwest from St. Louis to Joplin, a stretch packed with fantastic diners, classic roadside attractions, and classic photo ops.

Few cities are lucky enough to have an architectural icon like the Gateway Arch overlooking the mighty Mississippi River, but there’s so much more to St. Louis. The city has a booming craft brewery scene, a rich history, and top-notch cultural institutions. Whether you’re eating at an old-school soda fountain or getting lost in a phantasmagorical wonderland, St. Louis is an excellent weekend destination.

The stretch of Route 66 from St. Louis to Tulsa is considered by some travelers to be the heart of Route 66. It’s where east meets west, linking up the Midwest with the West Coast. Much of this stretch is on I-44, which means lots of exits and county roads, but the scenery is often beautiful.

Springfield is known both as the “Queen City of the Ozarks” and the “Birthplace of Route 66.” Located in south-central Missouri at a strategic crossroads, Springfield was a railroad hub, home to a bloody Civil War battle, and played an important role in the birth of the Mother Road. Route 66 was aligned through the city in 1926, realigned in 1936, and funneled travelers to the many motels and businesses located along the way until I-44 bypassed the city in 1958.

Route 66 Kansas

The Kansas section of Route 66 is short but sweet, and manages to pack in several must-see stops in a little under 14 miles (13.2 to be exact). This small stretch passes through three towns—Galena, Riverton, and Baxter Springs—and can be driven in as little as 30 minutes. Kansas is the only state on your journey where the Mother Road isn’t interrupted by the interstate. Don’t miss the only remaining Marsh Arch Rainbow Bridge, several museums, and other small businesses—on Kansas’ stretch of Route 66, you’ll find quality over quantity.

Galena is one of the most well-preserved towns along Route 66. Home to the Kan-O-Tex gasoline station from Disney’s Cars , the Murals of Galena , and a 1952 Will Rogers Marker, Galena was once a successful mining town. The town was hit hard by the Depression and violent miner strikes. Later, when the town was bypassed by I-44, tourists stopped visiting, the mines closed down, and the population dropped. Today, several historic buildings around town offer a peek into Galena’s rocky past.

Route 66 Oklahoma

Oklahoma takes pride in, and embraces, most of its nearly 400 miles of Route 66. There are more driveable portions of the old Mother Road in Oklahoma than in any other state, and plenty of reasons to stop the car along the way. From Quapaw to Texola, this stretch is home to the Blue Whale of Catoosa , Art Deco gems of Tulsa, and two excellent museums filled with Route 66 history. Don’t forget to stop into the Sandhills Curiosity Shoppe in Erick and say hi to Harley Russell —if you’re lucky, he might just serenade you with a round of “(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66,” or hand you a guitar so you can play along.

In addition to Tulsa’s massive Golden Driller statue and the Tumbleweed Grill and Country Store , this stretch is home to some absolutely amazing retro Route 66 hotels (even if you aren’t staying, pull over for the vintage signage). A few of the more famous ones include the Desert Hills Motel in Tulsa, the Skyliner Motel in Stroud , and the Lincoln Motel in Chandler .

Take a moment to explore Stroud, a small town that is known as “Oklahoma’s Winery and Grape Capital.” Here you can also find unpaved segments of the original road, built in 1915 and incorporated into Route 66 in the 1920s. Don’t miss the dirt section of the original Ozark Trail road and stop for a photo—and a BLT—at the iconic Rock Cafe .

Oklahoma City is the state’s capital and the largest city you’ll pass through on Route 66 in Oklahoma. OKC is home to many museums, memorials, and motels, in addition to a few stops worth a detour from the main route.

Route 66 Texas

The Lone Star State has about 180 miles of old Route 66 road still remaining. It closely parallels Interstate 40, so it’s easy to hop on and off stretches of the Mother Road. The billboards along I-40 may not tell you this, but we will: Some of the very best roadside attractions in the U.S. are right here in the panhandle of Texas.

The town of Vega sits right on historic Route 66 and has several landmarks worth stopping for. Also worth checking out are Dot’s Mini Museum , Rooster’s Mexican Restaurant & Cantina , the Hickory Inn Cafe , Bonanza Motel , Vega Motel (built in 1947), and a restored Magnolia service station . As one of the sunniest places in the U.S., Vega is sometimes referred to as the “Solar Capital of Texas.”

Route 66 New Mexico

New Mexico is known as the Land of Enchantment, and for good reason. There is certainly something enchanting about the Southwest. Maybe it’s the combination of hot springs, forests, desert, and mountains, or the area’s rich history and strong, visceral ties to the past. Towns such as Santa Fe and Taos are full of art galleries, boutiques, innovative architecture , museums, great restaurants, and more. There are some gorgeous side trips you can enjoy, including the High Road to Taos or a drive down the Turquoise Trail , a scenic byway that connects Santa Fe to Albuquerque. The trail commemorates the state’s mining history as it passes through the stone-and-ore-laden mountains and former boom towns.

Albuquerque is a high desert city with an artsy vibe. Admire the Pueblo architecture, explore Old Town, pop into the Indian Pueblo Cultural Center , and learn about the desert at the ABQ BioPark Botanic Garden .

The Laguna Pueblo is located 45 minutes west of Albuquerque, right on Route 66. When you pass the whitewashed St. Joseph church, you’ll know that you’ve arrived at the pueblo, which spans four counties and comprises six villages. Part of the pueblo dates back to the 1400s, but people have been settled in the area since at least the 1300s, and tribes have passed through since 3000 B.C. The Pueblo of Laguna is especially fun to visit during feast days: March 19, July 25 to 26, August 10, August 15, September 8, September 19, September 25, and October 17.

Gallup is the largest city between Albuquerque and Flagstaff along Route 66, and it’s full of motels, dining options, and classic neon signage. Don’t miss the Muffler Man cowboy located just off the route near downtown. If you’re staying overnight, you can’t get much better than the old Hollywood El Rancho Hotel and Motel . Gallup, which lies in the middle of a Navajo Reservation, is also home to an abundance of Native American crafts, artwork, and history.

Route 66 Arizona

You’ll know you’re crossing into Arizona when you spot the large, bright white Teepee Trading Post advertising “jewelry, pottery, kachinas, and southwest souvenirs.” The teepee-shaped souvenir shop is set against a striking backdrop of dramatic red rock cliffs and it’s a great place to pull over, grab a drink, use the restroom, and load up on souvenirs. With the exception of the Navajo Nation, most of Arizona does not observe Daylight Saving Time so be sure to confirm the time as you cross the Arizona/New Mexico border.

Sedona is one of those places you just have to experience in person—even the most spectacular photos don’t fully do it justice. Surrounded by majestic red rock canyons and pine forests, this small desert town is known for its vibrant art scene and mysterious healing forces. Yes, you read that right—Sedona is supposedly a hotbed of cosmic activity, sitting atop several energy vortexes that are easily accessible through hikes and tours. With its artsy vibe and comfortable climate, Sedona is also home to cute shops and restaurants, galleries, and lots of aging hippies.

Words (and even pictures) simply cannot do Grand Canyon National Park justice—it’s one of those truly epic places you just have to see in person to believe. Officially designated as a national park in 1919, the Grand Canyon sees more than five million visitors annually. The massive canyon was formed by erosion from the Colorado River after the plateau was lifted due to seismic activity, revealing rock that’s more than a billion years old. Whether you take in the sweeping views from the top or hike into its depths, you’ll quickly discover why it’s one of the most iconic national parks in the U.S.

You’d be hard-pressed to find a ghost town more real—or more alive—than Oatman. Located at the edge of Arizona on Route 66 and perched 2,700 feet above sea level in the Black Mountains, Oatman is a strange place run by wild burros .

Route 66 California

The California section of Route 66 will give you a proper taste of the Golden State’s diverse scenery, from tiny desert ghost towns to the urban sprawl of Los Angeles. This stretch is also packed with iconic roadside attractions. Take your time and meander through the glass forest at Elmer’s Bottle Tree Ranch or get your photo taken next to the freshly restored neon sign at Roy’s Motel and Cafe . Before you know it, you’ll be finishing this epic journey at the end of the Santa Monica pier , where the West Coast meets the Pacific Ocean.

You’ll know you’re at the end of your journey once you arrive at the Pacific Ocean. But to reach the official end point of Route 66—and take a photo of the iconic “End of the trail” sign—you’ll have to ditch the car and walk to the end of the Santa Monica Pier. The coastal city of Santa Monica is also home to the original Muscle Beach outdoor gym and the pier’s Pacific Park amusement park.

Congratulations! You have reached the end of the Mother Road—and by now you know it’s not the destination that matters, it’s the journey. But whether the Santa Monica Pier is your ending or starting point, take some time to celebrate and reflect. With more than 2,000 miles of classic neon, motels, larger-than-life roadside attractions, museums, diners, and countless colorful characters, it should be obvious why the allure of Route 66 is as strong as ever. The road may look different today than it did decades ago—or even yesterday—but that’s all part of the fun.

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The ultimate guide to riding Route 66 on a motorcycle

How should you pack for route 66.

An over-packed car can quickly turn into a disorganized mess, and you’re likely to forget about half the stuff you brought if they’re not easy to access. With that in mind, focus on accessibility and multi-functional items.

A small overnight bag should contain everything you need after a long day of driving—think sleepwear, toiletries, and a good book.

Your car should be packed according to what you’ll need first. Items specific to a destination further down the road, or gear for weather that might occur later in your trip, should be packed beneath items you’ll need regularly or right away.

Where does Route 66 start and end?

Route 66 starts in downtown Chicago and ends at the Santa Monica pier in California. Throughout the journey from Chicago to Santa Monica, you’ll discover sections where the original route diverges, seemingly shooting off in two directions and yet nowhere at once. It is a prime lesson in the art of the road trip: A sudden change in direction, an abrupt end to the pavement, and a few wrong turns are all welcome parts of the adventure rather than an inconvenience.

How long does it take to drive Route 66?

Typically, travelers will plan no less than two weeks for the entire Mother Road road trip. In that amount of time, you’ll be able to visit the major sites. But if you want to savor the entire experience—strolling historic downtowns, sipping a root beer float at a soda fountain, and sleeping at a retro motel with a blinking neon sign—you could spend up to a month or longer.

What is the best way to travel Route 66?

Will you go from Chicago to Los Angeles or vice versa? Travelers often chose the east-to-west direction as that’s the route originally taken by pioneers escaping the Dust Bowl in the 1920s. But you can’t go wrong either way.

How long does it take to drive the Route 66?

What is the best time to do route 66.

The best time to take a road trip on Route 66 is from late April to early October. Be prepared for remnants of ice and snow during the early spring and thunderstorms in late spring and early summer. During July and August—peak travel months—expect sometimes sweltering temperatures, over-crowded attractions, and higher rates for lodging.

Come late October and into November, you might see snowfall on parts of the route. Winter is considered the off-season, and some places may be closed until spring, so it’s always best to call ahead if you’re venturing out onto Route 66 between late November and early April. Whatever time you travel, expect variations in climate as you’ll be traversing through many different states and terrains.

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Minecraft Guide to the End: World, cities, monsters, ender dragon, loot, and more

The final destination for Minecraft adventurers.

get to the End?
find in the End?
end cities and ships?
lives in the End?
the ender dragon?
leave the End?

If the Nether is Minecraft's rendition of Hell, then the End represents the void that separates the different dimensions. It's a place filled with shadows and strange creatures, and for many, it's the last stop they'll ever make. For you, it's the next facet of Minecraft that has to be explored. We've got the scoop on everything to keep an eye out for in the End.

The greatest game of all time.

That may seem like an exaggeration to some, but it's one backed up by nearly every metric. Minecraft continues to dominate the gaming landscape and has sold more copies than any other game in existence. You don't own it already? Get it here.

How do you get to the End?

What is the end, what can you find in the end, what are end cities and ships, what lives in the end, what is the ender dragon, how do you leave the end.

Getting to the End isn't a matter of meandering aimlessly until you find yourself in that dark dimension, nor does it entail building a portal yourself out of obsidian and hopes. Instead, you need to have access to some high-end materials and the drive to potentially travel a long ways to get to your destination.

Travel to the Nether , slay hordes of blaze, crush them into powder, hunt down dozens of endermen, collect the strange pearls they leave behind, craft the rare eye of ender, search out the End stronghold, traverse the cryptic maze, activate the End Portal, and...it goes on. It's alright, we have a guide that covers all of this and breaks it down for your convenience.

The End is the home of Minecraft's final boss, the ender dragon, and is the third and last dimension a player can explore during their adventures in the game. Most of the End's initial appearance is dominated by a main center island, housing a circle of tall obsidian pillars, and a fountain-like structure constructed of bedrock in the exact center. This fountain is the exit portal, and is how players can leave the End when they're done. The first time a player enters the End, the ender dragon will be flying around this center island.

Beyond this sparse set of structures, the End's main island is relatively boring and empty. Surrounding the main island is a huge expanse of nothing, known as the void. While it may not look like it at first glance, there are other islands that revolve around the main island in the middle, but the gap between them is normally far too large to see, and too large to traverse easily through normal means.

In total, the End actually has four separate biomes (five if you count the main island) that generate semi-randomly around the center End island, and each have their own characteristics, appear in different places, and can generate different structures. The common trait shared between all of them is they are all constructed entirely out of a porous block called end stone, and all are occupied by the tall, dark, and not-so-handsome endermen.

The outer islands can only be realistically accessed by using the miniature end portals called gateways that appear in random locations around the End. These gateways have bedrock caps at each end, with a single block of portal visible in the middle. They only appear after the ender dragon has been defeated, and will instantly teleport you to another gateway somewhere else in the End. Unfortunately, there's really no way to predict where exactly the gateway will bring you. To get back to the center island (and thus leave the End) requires finding another gateway that teleports you to the beginning area near the center.

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There are a handful of ways to go through these gateways. The easiest by far is to toss an ender pearl into the portal. Ender pearls will teleport you to the other side of the gateway quickly and without much hassle. You could also place water in the gap between the gateway and the bedrock caps on either end, then swim through. Or you could use elytra and attempt to fly through. Both require far more effort, and are really only good if you have no other option.

If you don't want to use the gateways at all, you could also build a vast 1,000 block long bridge spanning the void between the center and outer islands. Or you could use elytra with a ton of fireworks to try and boost you over. Again, these require far more effort than just finding a gateway and tossing and ender pearl through them.

Here are just a few of the things to keep in mind about the End:

Just getting to the End doesn't give you full access. If you want to get to any of the good stuff on the End's outer islands, or leave for that matter, you'll need to beat the ender dragon first.
There's no day/night cycle. Much like in the Nether, there's no sun or moon to notate the time of day, and you won't get any use out of maps or clocks either.
Beds just explode. Not that you'd want to sleep here anyway, but beds are unusable in the End. They explode with more force than TNT whenever someone tries to sleep in them.
You can't activate Nether Portals here. Again, not sure why anyone would actually attempt this, but Nether Portals just don't work in the End.
It's very dim in the End. There's very little natural light in the End, and the lack of sun or even the lava that the Nether relies on means it can be hard to see here.
Water is purple. If you place down any water in the End, the color will be purple instead. Feature? Not really, but it's kind of cool.
End stone is blast resistant. End stone can be mined with any pickaxe, and is one of the most blast-resistant blocks in the game. It's actually 1.5 times more resistant to explosives than stone.

The End seems to be pretty empty on the surface, but it actually has a decent amount of content waiting for those who explore it. While it might not be worth frequent trips like the Nether can be, curious players can still find a ton of awesome stuff outside the drab center island that seemingly dominates a player's entrance into the End. There are unique mobs, structures, and strongholds available to discover, kill, and run away from.

Here's what you can find in the End:

Obsidian platform. Every End will generate exactly one obsidian platform, usually recessed in an empty room made of end stone. This platform usually spawns a decent distance away from the center of the main island, while still being within jumping distance of land. This obsidian platform has exactly one purpose: be the landing platform for any incoming players. Whenever you teleport into the End from the Overworld, you'll appear on this platform. Don't try building anything or making any adjustments here, because every trip to the End resets this platform to its original state.
Obsidian pillars. Another mainstay of the End will be towering obsidian pillars that surround a fountain-like structure on the main island. These pillars raise end crystals into the sky, and are another obstacle the player must overcome to defeat the ender dragon. Once the ender dragon is defeated, the obsidian pillars have no other purpose or secrets, unless you resurrect the ender dragon.
Exit portal. There are only two ways to get out of the End. The first way involves a gruesome death and probably isn't the preferred method. The second way is to activate the fountain-like structure made of bedrock in the center of the main island. This is also known as the exit portal, and is the one-way exit out of the End. If a player returns, they'll start back on the obsidian platform a little ways away.
Gateways. Once you've defeated the ender dragon, you'll probably want to explore the rest of the End. To do so, you'll need to find these gateways that float around the place. The easiest way to travel through them will be with an ender pearl.
Chorus trees. The End has exactly one kind of vegetation, and that's the chorus trees. These twisted and mangled trees grow on the outer islands, and are the only way to get chorus flowers and chorus fruit. To cut one down, just mine the bottommost piece, just like sugar cane. These trees are made of chorus plants, although those can't be acquired by normal means.
Chorus flowers. If you're interested in growing chorus trees of your own, you'll need to harvest chorus flowers and plant them in end stone. They can be harvested by mining them with any tool, or by shooting them down with a bow or crossbow. They usually grow at the top of a chorus tree, and aren't dropped when the entire tree is destroyed.
Chorus fruit. Chorus fruit is an edible item often dropped by chorus trees when they're destroyed. When consumed, they restore some hunger, but most notably, they can randomly teleport the player that ate them somewhere nearby. In this way, they behave similarly to ender pearls. Chorus fruits can also be cooked to create popped chorus fruit, a useful item for crafting.
End ships. These floating structures are pretty accurate to their name. They look like purple pirate ships suspended in mid-air. They can often have useful loot, including being the only place in the game a player can acquire elytra and dragon heads. They generate next to end cities, typically.
End cities. End cities are less city and more imposing and cryptic skyscraper. These strongholds are the highlight of the entire End, and hold some extremely valuable loot. They're also the home of the shulkers, a hostile mob that can be a hassle if you're not careful.

If you had any doubts about where you should head in the End, those end now. End cities and end ships are two of the more interesting locales in the End, and it's the best place to pick up some awesome loot and do some fun exploring. End cities and ships only show up on the outer islands, so you'll, of course, need to defeat the ender dragon before you start knocking them out. They're not hard to find, though, since end cities are colossal structures that tower into the sky, and end ships only generate near end cities, hovering ominously in the dark void above them. Let's tackle one at a time and dive into what makes these structures the best parts of the End, and all the cool loot you can find inside them.

End cities are found in two of the four End biomes, including the midlands, and are most common in the highlands. These structures hold some of the best loot in not only the End, but also the best loot in all of Minecraft. End cities are relatively uncommon, so you may not find one right away. If you're lucky, you can find multiple end cities clustered together in a group, much like nether fortresses can reach near impossible sizes in some cases.

End cities are instantly recognizable by their strange, sometimes chaotic appearance and the materials they're constructed with. While they're called cities, these strongholds are closer to skyscrapers. They can generate in a variety of different sizes, and they don't share identical layouts. End cities are also constructed of something called purpur blocks, which is crafted using popped chorus fruit. These blocks can be mined and collected with a pickaxe, if you fancy their look.

End cities are also the only place players can naturally find the elusive ender chest. Ender chests are a rare form of chest that, on the surface, acts like any other chest. However, each player has a "profile" of sorts that is synced between all ender chests in the world, meaning you can store whatever you want and access it instantly from other ender chests elsewhere. It's definitely worth taking these chests with you. They can be crafted with eight blocks of obsidian and one eye of ender.

In no particular order, here are the different rooms and structures that end cities can generate:

Skyscrapers. Large, towering structures that spawn lots of shulker in side. These skyscrapers also have staircases to ascend to higher levels.
Small towers. Smaller, more understated versions of the skyscrapers.
Base floors. These are large, tall rooms that usually have nothing in them. They typically generate at the bottom of end cities.
Small rooms. Small empty rooms are similar to what you'd find in the end stronghold back in the Overworld.
Large rooms. These rooms really exist just to connect different parts of the stronghold. They often have strange and precarious staircases players can use to ascend to higher levels, if they're careful.
Banner rooms. These rooms are similar to other rooms in the end cities, but have banners hanging outside. They also spawn shulkers inside of them.
Loot rooms. The only reason one goes into an end city is the possibility of finding a loot room. These rooms usually spawn two chests, and can sometimes even spawn an ender chest.

End ships can occasionally generate next to end cities, and despite their small size can actually be more valuable than the end city it's next to. They're even rarer than end cities, though, since few end cities generate a ship next to them, and no city can have more than one ship attached to it. If an end city has a ship next to it, it'll generate a bridge that can bring players within the distance of an ender pearl throw to get on board the ship.

End ships look exactly as their name suggests. They're medium-sized boat-like structures constructed of purpur blocks. End ships are also much smaller than end cities, and much more predictable in their structure. In design and build, they're very similar to your typical pirate ship, with a main deck, a mast, and lower levels that hide all the good stuff. End ships are always guarded by three shulkers, so be warned that stepping aboard means a fight.

Here's how an end ship is laid out:

Main deck. The main deck of the end ship is the only portion accessible from the outside, and is guarded by one shulker. Here you'll find the mast with the crow's nest at the top, an upper deck that is also empty, and an opening to descend down to the lower levels. If you go to the bow, or front of the ship you'll also find the dragon's head. This is a decorative item that is identical in use and property to other mob heads, but it is also exceptionally rare. There should be a second shulker behind the ship.
Lower deck. The lower deck of the end ship is on the smaller side, with an opening to descend into the bottommost layer of the end ship. Here you'll always find a brewing stand with two Instant Health II potions, but not much else.
Treasure room. This is definitely the exciting portion of the end ship, since you'll find two chests full of loot and some elytra suspended in an item frame for you to nab. This room is lined by obsidian, and is easily identifiable. There will be a shulker here, so prepare to defend yourself.

Diligent players can quickly accumulate a ton of super valuable gear and loot in the End, if they have their wits about them a little bit of luck. While the End doesn't hold a huge variety of content, some of the best loot in the game can be found in its chests. With two chests guaranteed for every end ship, and two chests guaranteed for every treasure room inside of an end city, your journey to the End can rapidly end in a very happy inventory.

The loot you can find in the End includes:

Beetroot seeds. This is definitely the most boring thing you can find in the End, but it can be useful nonetheless if you haven't found any beetroot seeds in a village or elsewhere. Beetroots are a useful food for making stew.
Saddle. Saddles can't be crafted in the game, so the only way to get them is through chests. Used for riding horses or pigs, you can't go wrong when taking these with you.
Horse armor. If you just got a new trusty steed with your saddle, you might want some armor to give it more protection. Horses can be hurt and die just like any other animal, so it's recommended. In the End, you can find iron, gold, and diamond horse armor.
Enchanted iron tools. Need a new pickaxe, shovel, or sword? Strange timing, but you can find just that in the End. Not only that, but all the tools and armor you find in the End will have some kind of enchantment on them.
Enchanted iron armor. You can also find enchanted iron armor to help protect you better, although you should probably have diamond armor if you're wandering around the End.
Enchanted diamond tools. Iron tools not good enough for you? While rarer, you can also find premium diamond gear in the End, complete with enchantments.
Enchanted diamond armor. Don't have diamond armor already? It's impressive that you've survived this long, but the End will answer your call.
Iron ingots. The raw ingredient for crafting your own iron gear, amongst other things like buckets and shears.
Gold ingots. The raw ingredient for crafting your own gold gear, amongst other things like redstone contraptions.
Diamond ingots. The raw ingredient for crafting your own diamond gear, amongst other things like enchantment tables.
Emerald ingots. Minecraft's official currency, used for trading with villagers. Or just making really expensive tables.

Unlike the Overworld and Nether, which both have intimidating lists of hostile mobs seeking to destroy you, the End is home to only three. It makes it easy to keep track of and to prepare for the eventual confrontation you'll have with them. Even better, the three mobs that spawn in the End all have their own place, so you won't be caught by surprise.

The three mobs that live in the End are:

The ender dragon. This shouldn't come as much of a surprise, since the ender dragon has been mentioned several times in this guide already. This is the final boss in Minecraft, and it blocks both your entrance and your exit to and from the End. It's big, it's mean, and there's only one of them. The ender dragon also only spawns on the center island, so once you've defeated it, you won't have to worry about it again. Unless you choose to respawn it, that is.

Endermen. Endermen are tall, powerful mobs that can be tricky to deal with for amateur players. Normally endermen are passive and will leave the player alone, spending their time mischievously moving blocks around. However, if a player looks directly at an enderman, the enderman will immediately attack, dealing decent amounts of damage in the process. Even worse, endermen can teleport at will, making them difficult to pin down.

These mobs are the most common in the End, and show up absolutely everywhere. They're most prevalent on the center island where the ender dragon makes its home. As long as you avoid looking directly at them, they shouldn't be much of a threat. Endermen are also solo mobs, so they won't swarm you if you do get dragged into a fight with one. The best way to deal with endermen is with a sword, since they typically teleport away from arrows and other ranged weapons.

Shulker. The most interesting and potentially annoying of the End's mobs is undoubtedly the shulker. These peculiar creatures appear to be nothing more than purple blocks, the same that the End's cities are built of. However, inside these boxes is a small yellow head, and they seek to defend the cities from any player's advances. They fire white projectiles that follow the player and damage the player a little bit. These particles also cause the player to levitate off the ground, an effect that can be stacked if assaulted by multiple shulkers.

On that note, shulkers are also similar to wolves and pigmen, in that if one shulker in the area is attacked, all shulkers in the area will target the player responsible. This, combined with their camouflage, can quickly spin things out of control when battling them. Shulkers can also hide in their boxes and take on a ton of armor, as well as deflect arrows and other projectiles. Trying to upset their perches, drowning them, or simply attacking them can also cause them to teleport away, making them even more annoying.

To battle shulkers, a shield is recommended. Shields block their strange projectiles, rendering their attacks useless. You can also attack the projectiles and destroy them mid-flight. It's also important to stay vigilant and wait for opportunities to attack. While wailing on a closed shulker can eventually kill it, it'll take forever and leave you open to attack. Wait for the shulker to peek out and move fast. When exploring cities, pay attention to the walls for any blocks that look out of place. It might be a shulker.

The ender dragon is massive, a little terrifying, and capable of devastating destruction and catastrophic damage to any unlucky players who cross its path. True to its name, the ender dragon is a dark, scaled and winged creature that spits purple fire as it flies around, circling the mysterious fountain that occupies the center of the main End island. It is the final boss and represents a pretty big challenge to anyone who isn't prepared to face it.

That doesn't mean players can avoid the ender dragon like the plague and continue on their merry way. Slaying the ender dragon is the key to leaving the End, so you probably shouldn't travel to the End unless you're ready to fight. What are the massive obsidian pillars the draw the ender dragon close? What is the fountain in the middle? How does the ender dragon attack, and how can you survive its onslaught?

These are all questions we've answered in our guide to the ender dragon, knowledge that's a must-have for anyone interested in seeing the End.

You can't leave the End the same way you got in. Much like access to the outer islands, in the End, is restricted, players can't leave the End until the ender dragon has been killed. If you've already killed the ender dragon and done all of your exploring, don't fear! Just find your way back to the center island the ender dragon resided and look for the fountain-like structure in the center of the End. It'll be made of bedrock, and be lit by torches. If the ender dragon has been killed, the fountain will be filled with the same starry substance that makes up the core of the End Portal or end gateways. Just jumping into this will bring you back to your spawn point in the Overworld. If you've never left the End before, you'll also get to see the elusive Minecraft credits before you return.

This is the End

The End will hardly be your vacation spot of choice, or even worthy of daily trips to further explore it. It's a closed system, and doesn't offer a huge amount of resources that might be regularly needed like the Nether does. That being said, it's one hundred percent worth the effort to discover and travel to, even if only for a handful of journeys, just to fight the ender dragon and explore the end cities. And once you're done, you can say you actually beat Minecraft. Sort of.

Have you gotten to the End in Minecraft? What do you think about it? Sound off in the comments below!

Zachary Boddy (They / Them) is a Staff Writer for Windows Central, primarily focused on covering the latest news in tech and gaming, the best Xbox and PC games, and the most interesting Windows and Xbox hardware. They have been gaming and writing for most of their life starting with the original Xbox, and started out as a freelancer for Windows Central and its sister sites in 2019. Now a full-fledged Staff Writer, Zachary has expanded from only writing about all things Minecraft to covering practically everything on which Windows Central is an expert, especially when it comes to Microsoft. You can find Zachary on Twitter @BoddyZachary .

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How YOU can travel to the Ends of the Earth

TODAY has traveled to the Ends of the Earth and now you can, too! The folks at Travel + Leisure magazine have compiled tips for trekking to Antarctica, Greenland, Antarctica and the North Sea, while showing respect for the planet and giving back to the global community at the same time:

Sustainable travel. Ecotourism. Fund-raising expeditions. Educational tours. Voluntourism.

The lexicon of travel is expanding as quickly as the world is shrinking. For many, it is no longer enough to return home with a Turkish carpet or tales of an exquisite atoll. Travelers still want to explore Chile or the Loire in style, but they also want a deeper experience, and one that doesn’t leave a footprint, carbon or otherwise. In the post-9/11 world, travelers want to make transformations of their own.

A range of organizations are answering that need, including luxury outfitters like Butterfield & Robinson, environmental watchdogs such as the Sierra Club, and new groups like Cross-Cultural Solutions (CCS), which places volunteers in 12 countries. As with other vacation packages, there is staff to take care of the details—arranging airport transfers, setting up accommodations (a converted riad, a Maori lodge, a stateroom on an Amazon sloop), and coordinating work assignments.

Whatever these trips might cost, all of them give back—to the travelers themselves as well as to the communities they visit. Debby and Tom Glassanos of Pleasanton, California, spent three weeks in Morocco with CCS where Tom, a Silicon Valley executive, worked with local women to increase their computer skills. Now, long after the couple’s return to the United States, he continues to share his expertise with his old students in a stream of e-mail exchanges. And interior designer Joe Naham and his partner, Jeffrey Fields, carried away from their trip to Costa Rica a lasting impression of the camaraderie that can develop between "voluntour" travelers of disparate backgrounds. Their group—including a financier, a CNN anchor, and a coffeehouse owner—discovered shared interests along with the new bond of their shared experience abroad.

Volunteers also describe the rewards of contributing beyond writing a check, although the dollars these programs provide to communities and causes are significant and often crucial. The itineraries that follow have the potential to make a difference in both your world, and the world.

Greenland Air Greenland inaugurated its twice-weekly service from Baltimore to Kangerlussuaq, Greenland’s air hub, in May. Daily flights link Kangerlussuaq with Ilulissat and other major towns. The airline also offers four different package tours (877/245-0739; airgreenland.com ; three-night tours from $2,350 per person, including the round-trip flight from Baltimore and all transfers).

Where to Stay :

Hotel Arctic Ilulissat; 299/944-153; hotel-arctic.gl; doubles from $270.
Hotel Kangerlussuaq 299/841-180; airporthotels.gl; doubles from $240.

Trip Tip: Pack your suit for a soak in the thermal waters of Deception Island’s Pendulum Cove.

Luxury Level: There are 108 double cabins aboard the 437-foot Explorer II , each with a private bathroom and climate control. (Make sure to request a walk-out balcony.) The vessel also has a 1,000-square-foot health club and spa.

Abercrombie & Kent; 800/554-7016; abercrombiekent.com ; $6,190 per person, all-inclusive; December 8-21, 2007.

Explore these biologically diverse islands, still a hub for groundbreaking biological research nearly two centuries after Darwin’s first visit. Sign up for a Lindblad Expeditions trip and board either the 80-passenger Polaris or the 48-guest Islander. Watch giant tortoises foraging, swim with penguins and sea lions, and tour the Charles Darwin Research Center in Santa Cruz.

Trip Tip: The best time for snorkeling is February through March, when marine turtles emerge.

Luxury Level: Cabins on the Islander and Polaris are relatively spacious, with private bathrooms. Bonuses: yoga classes and a spa.

Lindblad Expeditions; 800/397-3348; ; $4,320 per person; operating weekly.

North Sea G.A.P Adventures takes up to 106 passengers on its low-impact M/S Explorer from Edinburgh to the Norwegian coast—stopping at the Orkneys, Shetland Islands, Bear Island, and Svalbard. Spot enough puffins, minke whales, kittiwakes, reindeer, and walruses—and, if you’re lucky, an

elusive polar bear—to fill your camera’s memory card. You’ll also benefit from the knowledge of the ship’s team of naturalists during shore excursions. G.A.P Adventures asks that travelers donate to the trip-long Dollar-A-Day Program to assist communities visited during the cruise; it will also match funds generated from on-board auctions (items include vintage watercolor sea charts) to support polar bear preservation research.

Trip Tip: Take a dive off the main deck before a sauna. It’s as invigorating as it is cold.

Luxury Level: The Explorer’s modest cabins include some triples and large suites, each with a private bathroom and windows overlooking ice floes and glaciers.

For a complete list of Travel + Leisure's 40 trips to change your world, click here .

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An illustration of a person working in a glass cubicle in Banff National Park.

Planning to Combine Business and Leisure Travel? You’re Not Alone.

As employees increasingly add leisure time to their business trips, companies are trying to figure out where their duty of care obligations begin and end.

Credit... Aart-Jan Venema

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By Amy Zipkin

April 7, 2024

On a Sunday in late January, Melinda Buchmann, who lives in Florida and supervises client relations for RevShoppe, a 30-person remote company advising organizations on sales techniques and strategies, arrived in Banff, Alberta, to help set up a four-day company meeting.

The last day of the event, her husband, Josh, a director of strategic partnerships for the delivery company DoorDash , who also works remotely, joined her. They spent two leisurely days hiking in Banff National Park and visiting Lake Louise.

“I take advantage, because I don’t know when I’m going to return,” Ms. Buchmann said of the decision to combine downtime with a business trip.

As postpandemic work life has changed, and arrangements now include full-time office attendance as well as hybrid and remote work, so, too, has business travel. The phenomenon known as bleisure, or blended business and leisure travel, was initially embraced largely by digital nomads . But such combined travel is now also popular with people outside that group . Allied Market Research, a subsidiary of Allied Analytics, based in Portland, Ore., estimated that the bleisure travel market was $315.3 billion in 2022 and would reach $731.4 billion by 2032.

As employees increasingly add leisure time to their business trips, companies are struggling to determine where their legal obligation to protect employees from harm — their so-called duty of care — begins and ends. And workers may think that because their trip started with business, they will get all the help they need if something goes wrong on the leisure end. Instead, they should generally consider the leisure part of a trip as a regular vacation where they cover all expenses and contingencies.

Companies are responsible for knowing where their employees are during a business trip, covering expenses if an accident or emergency occurs, securing new lodging if a hotel is damaged, even swapping out a broken down rental car. Still, it’s not entirely clear if that coverage ends completely after the conference or the last client meeting.

Companies recognize that threats are increasing, said Robert Cole, senior research analyst focusing on lodging and leisure travel at Phocuswright, a market research company. They are trying to figure out how to take care of a valuable company resource, the employee, without leaving themselves open to financial risk or potential litigation.

“Crafting a comprehensive policy that balances business objectives, employee well-being and legal considerations can be challenging,” Nikolaos Gkolfinopoulos, head of tourism at ICF, a consulting and technology services company in Reston, Va., wrote in an email.

Employees may be on their own without realizing it and may be surprised by out-of-pocket expenses if they require hospital care abroad or evacuation, said Suzanne Morrow, chief executive of InsureMyTrip , an online insurance travel comparison site in Warwick, R.I.

Ms. Morrow said medical coverage provided by a company “is generally only for the dates of the actual business trip abroad.” If travelers are extending the trip for personal travel, she added, “they would want to secure emergency medical coverage for that additional time abroad.”

Employers and employees are left to figure out when the business portion of the trip ends and the leisure segment begins, a significant detail if an employee has a medical emergency. “Where does the corporation liability end?” said Kathy Bedell, senior vice president at BCD Travel, a travel management company.

Companies have varying policies to deal with the new travel amalgam. The chief executive of RevShoppe, Patricia McLaren, based in Austin, Texas, said the company provided flexible travel options and allowed employees to work anywhere they choose.

Even so, there are constraints. The company requires all employees, including executives, to sign liability and insurance waivers when they are on a voluntary company-sponsored trip, such as an off-site meeting. Such waivers typically place responsibility on employees for their own well-being. And if they bring someone, they are responsible for that person’s expenses.

Employees are responsible for requesting the paid time off and notifying their managers of their whereabouts, although that part is not a requirement. Managers have to ensure adequate staffing, Ms. McLaren said.

Elsewhere, employees may not bother to mention the leisure portion of their trip. Eliot Lees, a vice president and managing director at ICF, said he had been on trips as a child with his parents when they combined business and leisure. His parents were academics, who would piggyback vacations onto conferences.

Now he does the same. “I don’t think I ever asked for approval,” he said. (ICF has no formal business-leisure travel policy. It’s allowed as part of personal time off.) After a conference in the Netherlands last year, he spent four days hiking in the northern part of the country.

“I go anywhere, and take more risks than I should,” he said. He said he didn’t carry personal travel or accident insurance.

Any nonchalance may quickly evaporate if a threat emerges. Security experts say even low-risk locations can become high-risk for a few days or weeks of the year.

“Companies are concerned about losing visibility into a traveler’s whereabouts if they booked flights and hotels outside their corporate travel management company,” Benjamin Thorne, senior intelligence manager in London for Crisis24, a subsidiary of GardaWorld, wrote in an email. “The company may think the traveler is in one city when, in reality, they could have booked a holiday package to another nearby city. This lack of visibility by the company makes it difficult to support travelers when a disaster occurs.”

He also raised the possibility that “a traveler with bleisure travel reservations and expectations may find their work trip canceled due to changes in the risk environment or company policy, disrupting their leisure plans.”

Will a company step in off hours if there’s a problem? “That depends on how you are booked,” Mr. Cole, the senior research analyst at Phocuswright, said. A rule of thumb is the further you get from corporate control, the greater the gray area gets.

Half of GoldSpring Consulting’s clients take the responsibility for the entire trip, said Will Tate, a partner at the consultancy based in Cross Roads, Texas, and a certified public accountant. They don’t want the reputational risk. The other half say: “The business trip ended Friday. That’s when we end our duty of care.”

Some companies are trying to define and narrow the gray area. “If you are clearly on personal time, there is no legal requirement for your employer to provide for you,” said Nicole Page, a lawyer whose practice includes employment law at Reavis Page Jump in New York.

Uber provides employees with advisories before a trip, travel assessments, safety tips while traveling and emergency travel assistance, including medical aid, airport travel support, urgent and emergency assistance, and lost or stolen personal property insurance whether they are on business or pleasure travel or a combination.

And at DoorDash, Chris Cherry, head of global safety and security, wrote in an email that “while personal travel is not something we track, we have received requests to extend our travel support capabilities to personal travel.” Mr. Cherry said in those cases, the company has manually added employee leisure itineraries to its travel risk management system and “provided the same level of overwatch that we do for regular business travel.”

The Buchmanns plan to travel this month to Barcelona, Spain, for the McDonald’s Worldwide Convention. DoorDash will have a booth, and Mr. Buchmann will work on the exhibit floor and also entertain clients.

Ms. Buchmann will accompany him. She plans to go sightseeing in the morning, and work in the afternoons and evenings Barcelona time. She will also take three days of paid time off and has shared her plans with Ms. McLaren, the RevShoppe chief executive.

They will stay a day after the conference and plan to visit the Dalí Theater and Museum in Figueres. “I’m sure there will be no shortage of tapas and window shopping along way,” Mr. Buchmann said. He expects to be back at work the next Monday.

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Review: ‘The Trip to Greece’ brings an epic journey to a stirring end

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It’s been a decade since director Michael Winterbottom’s “The Trip” took Steve Coogan and Rob Brydon on a restaurant tour of England’s Lake District. That was followed by “The Trip to Italy” in 2014 and “The Trip to Spain” in 2017.

The latest and purportedly final offering in the series is “The Trip to Greece,” in which Brydon and Coogan retrace the path taken by the ancient hero Odysseus from Troy to Ithaca. Each “Trip” features the pair as fictionalized versions of themselves and have been edited into both six-episode series for British television and feature films for export.

It’s a simple recipe and remarkably effective. Travel plus food plus comedy. Each journey takes the same basic form of six meals in six places, with Meta-Steve and Meta-Rob competing with each other to show off their local knowledge and their ability to do impressions. There’s just enough variation to keep it interesting.

The conceit of the two playing themselves actually began with Winterbottom’s 2005 film “Tristam Shandy: A Cock and Bull Story,” and the trio first collaborated on the 2000 film “24 Hour Party People” (the prolific Winterbottom also directed Coogan in the recent comedy “Greed” ).

Notable impressions this time include Marlon Brando, Dustin Hoffman, Mick Jagger and Stan Laurel — with Coogan, quite tellingly, taking exception when Brydon refers to his performance in 2018’s “Stan & Ollie” as an impression. Meta-Steve goes to great pains to be taken seriously as an actor and there’s a running gag of him reminding people that he has seven BAFTAs.

Greece serves not only as an idyllic backdrop but as a constant thematic prompt with Coogan and Brydon blending Hellenic-inspired shtick with musings on women, family and aging. The elapsed 10 years cast a shadow for the two men, now in their mid-50s and beginning to take stock.

The pair have an easy rapport, evoking the kind of friendship where you greatly enjoy someone’s company but also find them a bit annoying. Coogan is tightly wound and self-absorbed while Brydon is easygoing and relaxed. The relationship is defined by a playful one-upmanship driven by Meta-Steve’s hyper-competitiveness but extends to his need to constantly slight Meta-Rob for only doing “light” entertainment and belittling his uncanny ability to turn almost any reference into a Bee Gees song.

It’s not a huge shock to see which man is truly happy with his life.

Available in theaters and VOD May 22

There is a time’s-running-out quality to the proceedings with the film seemingly commenting/not commenting on the fact that the problems of a couple of privileged white males don’t carry the same dramatic weight they once did. And while there doesn’t seem to be a lot of self-awareness regarding where they fit into the big picture, Steve and Rob do regularly pull back from the banter and the clowning to appreciate the surroundings.

And those surroundings are something. For pure eye candy, you cannot go wrong with the islands and surrounding coastline of the Aegean, all beautifully shot by cinematographer James Clarke. The ambience is further enhanced by Winterbottom and music supervisors Rupert Hollier and David Fish’s use of classical works and repurposing of Michael Nyman compositions.

In our current pandemic times, “Greece” resonates on a couple of levels — one vicarious and one eminently relatable. First, Steve and Rob can do what we mostly can’t, namely visit beautiful places, stay in luxury hotels and dine on fine food with amusing companions. Second, their interactions with their families at home, limited as they are to phone calls and video chats, are unexpectedly moving.

What began as a fairly lighthearted series of vignettes has developed some gravitas in the end. The final movie builds toward a serious turn that puts the entire series’ meta qualities and more philosophical themes in stark relief. Even for a pair of clowns, life gets very real.

‘Trip to Greece’

Not rated Running time: 1 hour, 44 minutes Playing: Available May 22 on VOD

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Now in his second tour with the Los Angeles Times, totaling more than 25 years, Kevin Crust is the planning editor for Entertainment and Arts. He previously served as deputy film editor and staff writer. A lifelong Southern Californian and a graduate of Mount St. Mary’s, he spends way too much time analyzing baseball statistics.

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Trailblazing tourist trip to orbit ends with splashdown

In this image released by Inspiration4, passengers aboard a SpaceX capsule, from left to right, Hayley Arceneaux, Jared Isaacman, Sian Proctor and Chris Sembroski pose after the capsule was recovered following its splashdown in the Atlantic off the Florida coast, Saturday, Sept. 18, 2021. The all-amateur crew was the first to circle the world without a professional astronaut. (John Kraus/Inspiration4 via AP)

In this image taken from video a SpaceX capsule carrying four people splashes down in the Atlantic off the Florida coast, Saturday, Sept. 18, 2021. The all-amateur crew was the first to circle the world without a professional astronaut. (Inspiration4 via AP)

In this combination of split screen images taken from SpaceX video, passengers aboard a SpaceX capsule, left, react as the capsule, right, parachutes into the Atlantic Ocean off the Florida coast, Saturday, Sept. 18, 2021. The all-amateur crew was the first to circle the world without a professional astronaut. (SpaceX via AP)

In this image taken provided by SpaceX, a capsule carrying four people parachutes into the Atlantic Ocean off the Florida coast, Saturday, Sept. 18, 2021. The all-amateur crew was the first to circle the world without a professional astronaut. (SpaceX via AP)

In this image taken from video, Jared Isaacman, one of four passengers aboard the SpaceX capsule, reacts after emerging from the capsule Saturday, Sept. 18, 2021, after it was recovered following its splashdown in the Atlantic off the Florida coast. The all-amateur crew was the first to circle the world without a professional astronaut. (Inspiration4 via AP)

In this image taken from SpaceX video a SpaceX capsule carrying four people is lifted from the Atlantic Ocean off the Florida coast onto a recovery vessel, Saturday, Sept. 18, 2021. The all-amateur crew was the first to circle the world without a professional astronaut. (SpaceX via AP)

In this July 28, 2021 photo provided by John Kraus, from left, Jared Isaacman, Sian Proctor, Hayley Arceneaux and Chris Sembroski stand in the crew access arm at Launch Complex 39A at Kennedy Space Center in Florida. They will use this arm to board the Falcon 9 rocket on launch day. (John Kraus/Inspiration4 via AP)

In this photo provided by Inspiration4, Elon Musk, front center, poses with the all-amateur crew before departure to Launch Complex 39A for a launch into space, Wednesday, Sept. 15, 2021, at Kennedy Space Center, in Cape Canaveral, Fla. Standing behind Musk, from left to right, are Chris Sembroski, Jared Isaacman, Sian Proctor and Hayley Arceneaux. (John Kraus/Inspiration4 via AP)

In this image taken from video, Hayley Arceneaux, one of four passengers aboard the SpaceX capsule, reacts after emerging from the capsule Saturday, Sept. 18, 2021, after it was recovered following its splashdown in the Atlantic off the Florida coast. The all-amateur crew was the first to circle the world without a professional astronaut. (Inspiration4 via AP)

In this image taken from video, Sian Proctor, one of four passengers aboard the SpaceX capsule, reacts after emerging from the capsule Saturday, Sept. 18, 2021, after it was recovered following its splashdown in the Atlantic off the Florida coast. The all-amateur crew was the first to circle the world without a professional astronaut. (Inspiration4 via AP)

In this image taken from video, Chris Sembroski, one of four passengers aboard the SpaceX capsule, reacts after emerging from the capsule Saturday, Sept. 18, 2021, after it was recovered following its splashdown in the Atlantic off the Florida coast. The all-amateur crew was the first to circle the world without a professional astronaut. (Inspiration4 via AP)

In this image taken from SpaceX video, passengers aboard a SpaceX capsule react as the capsule parachutes into the Atlantic Ocean off the Florida coast, Saturday, Sept. 18, 2021. The all-amateur crew was the first to circle the world without a professional astronaut. (SpaceX via AP)

This photo provided by SpaceX shows the passengers of Inspiration4 in the Dragon capsule on their first day in space. They are, from left, Jared Isaacman, Hayley Arceneaux, Chris Sembroski and Sian Proctor. SpaceX got them into a 363-mile (585-kilometer) orbit following Wednesday night’s launch from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center. That’s 100 miles (160 kilometers) higher than the International Space Station. (SpaceX via AP)

In this Aug. 8, 2021 photo provided by John Kraus, from left, Chris Sembroski, Sian Proctor, Jared Isaacman and Hayley Arceneaux stand for a photo in Bozeman, Mont., during a “fighter jet training” weekend to familiarize the crew with G-forces. (John Kraus/Inspiration4 via AP)

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CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) — Four space tourists safely ended their trailblazing trip to orbit Saturday with a splashdown in the Atlantic off the Florida coast.

Their SpaceX capsule parachuted into the ocean just before sunset, not far from where their chartered flight began three days earlier.

The all-amateur crew was the first to circle the world without a professional astronaut.

The billionaire who paid undisclosed millions for the trip and his three guests wanted to show that ordinary people could blast into orbit by themselves, and SpaceX founder Elon Musk took them on as the company’s first rocket-riding tourists.

“Your mission has shown the world that space is for all of us,” SpaceX Mission Control radioed.

“It was a heck of a ride for us ... just getting started,” replied trip sponsor Jared Isaacman, referring to the growing number of private flights on the horizon.

SpaceX’s fully automated Dragon capsule reached an unusually high altitude of 363 miles (585 kilometers) after Wednesday night’s liftoff. Surpassing the International Space Station by 100 miles (160 kilometers), the passengers savored views of Earth through a big bubble-shaped window added to the top of the capsule.

The four streaked back through the atmosphere early Saturday evening, the first space travelers to end their flight in the Atlantic since Apollo 9 in 1969. SpaceX’s two previous crew splashdowns — carrying astronauts for NASA — were in the Gulf of Mexico.

Within a few minutes, a pair of SpaceX boats pulled up alongside the bobbing capsule. When the capsule’s hatch was opened on the recovery ship, health care worker Hayley Arceneaux was the first one out, flashing a big smile and thumbs up.

All appeared well and happy.

Their families were waiting near the scene of Wednesday night’s launch from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center.

This time, NASA was little more than an encouraging bystander, its only tie being the Kennedy launch pad once used for the Apollo moonshots and shuttle crews, but now leased by SpaceX.

Isaacman, 38, an entrepreneur and accomplished pilot, aimed to raise $200 million for St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. Donating $100 million himself, he held a lottery for one of the four seats. Late Saturday, Musk tweeted he was donating $50 million, putting them over the top.

For the last seat, Isaacman held a competition for clients of his Allentown, Pennsylvania payment-processing business, Shift4 Payments.

Joining him on the flight were Arceneaux, 29, a St. Jude physician assistant who was treated at the Memphis, Tennessee hospital nearly two decades ago for bone cancer, and contest winners Chris Sembroski, 42, a data engineer in Everett, Washington, and Sian Proctor, 51, a community college educator, scientist and artist from Tempe, Arizona.

“Best ride of my life!” Proctor tweeted a few hours after splashdown.

Strangers until March, the four spent six months training and preparing for potential emergencies during the flight — but there was no need to step in, officials said after their return. During the trip dubbed Inspiration4, they had time to chat with St. Jude patients, conduct medical tests on themselves, ring the closing bell for the New York Stock Exchange and do some drawing and ukulele playing.

Arceneaux, the youngest American in space and the first with a prosthesis, assured her patients, “I was a little girl going through cancer treatment just like a lot of you, and if I can do this, you can do this.”

They also took calls from Tom Cruise, interested in his own SpaceX flight to the space station for filming, and the rock band U2′s Bono.

Even their space menu wasn’t typical: Cold pizza and sandwiches, but also pasta Bolognese and Mediterranean lamb.

Before beginning descent, Sembroski was so calm that he was seen in the capsule watching the 1987 Mel Brooks’ film “Spaceballs” on his tablet.

“What an amazing adventure!” he tweeted later.

Congratulations streamed in, including from the Association of Space Explorers to its four newest members.

Aside from trouble with a toilet fan and a bad temperature sensor in an engine, the flight went exceedingly well, officials said. Some of the four passengers experienced motion sickness when they reached orbit — just as some astronauts do.

“It was a very clean mission from start to finish,” said Benji Reed, a SpaceX senior director.

Reed anticipates as many as six private flights a year for SpaceX, sandwiched between astronaut launches for NASA. Four SpaceX flights are already booked to carry paying customers to the space station, accompanied by former NASA astronauts. The first is targeted for early next year with three businessmen paying $55 million apiece. Russia also plans to take up an actor and film director for filming next month and a Japanese tycoon in December.

Customers interested in quick space trips are turning to Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic and Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin. The two rode their own rockets to the fringes of space in July to spur ticket sales; their flights lasted 10 to 15 minutes.

The 60-year scorecard now stands at 591 people who have reached space or its edges — and is expected to skyrocket as space tourism heats up.

The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content.

Which Austrian Alpine region is right for you?

With epic scenery and fresh mountain air guaranteed, Austria’s Alps offer travellers an inviting mix of culture, relaxation and adventure. Find out which area would suit you this summer.

A person on a mountain lookout platform.

One of Europe’s top skiing destinations in winter, the Austrian Alps are sometimes overlooked as a place to visit in summer. But once the snow seekers go into hibernation and the ski schools shut up shop, the mountains, meadows and valleys here take on a different look — and other activities take centre stage. You’ll find hiking, climbing and biking routes across the Alps, as well as beautiful lakes to swim in. Travellers chasing an action-packed break can try cycling in Kitzbühel or paragliding in St Anton, while those in search of peace and quiet could venture to the nature park in Zillertal. For culture and food, visit the bustling city of Innsbruck or head to Paznaun-Ischgl. Here, discover the right Austrian Alpine region for you.

Colourful traditional Austrian buildings with a mountain backdrop.

Best for: a city break This mid-Alpine urban centre in the west of the country is the gateway to the Tyrolean mountains. For many, it offers the best of both worlds, with an attractive old town, interesting sights — such as the Goldenes Dachl (Golden Roof) — and the Nordkette Cable Car that cruises up to the surrounding peaks. Summer brings a fun programme of events, including a series of open-air concerts held in the courtyard of the Kaiserliche Hofburg (Imperial Palace). Learn about local history and culture while paddling on the River Inn on a city rafting tour with Stubai Rafting or try Up Stream Surfing , a fun combination of river surfing and wakeboarding.

Best for: mountain biking A place that holds many accolades for its skiing facilities, glitzy Kitzbühel also flexes its muscles in summertime. Take biking, for example — the area has hosted a cycling marathon, Der Kitzbüheler Radmarathon , since 2021 and boasts one of the most challenging road ascents in Austria: the Kitzbüheler Horn. Mountain bikers will love the recently opened Sonnenrast trail or the single-track Hahnenkamm route, which runs all the way back to the town.

Close-up of a plated platter of cheese and cured meat.

Paznaun-Ischgl

Best for: Alpine cuisine Cool air and rocky peaks see cyclists flock to the 25-mile-long Paznaun Valley in summer for events such as the E-Bike World Championship , but there's another draw here, too. Alongside Ischgl’s high-end restaurants are a number of rustic mountain huts, which from July to October offer seasonal dishes developed by local chefs. Traditional cooking is combined with gourmet flair, with last year’s highlights including Alpine beef with wild herbs, and nettle ravioli with barley, cheese and chicory. Also, be sure to taste the region's signature cheese, Paznauner almkäse (mountain cheese), which gets its distinct taste from alpine herbs.

Schladming-Dachstein

Best for: views With more than 300 lakes and 100 waterfalls, the Schladming-Dachstein region is one of the most water-rich in Austria — take a short hike to Spiegelsee on the Reiteralm to see the mountains mirrored on the glass-clear water of the lake. The region's standout feature, however, is the majestic Dachstein Mountain . The mountain station at 2,700m above sea level is easily reachable by cable car and offers views as far as the Czech Republic and Slovenia. A suspension bridge, a viewing platform and the snappily titled ‘Stairway to Nothingness’ await visitors here, while a shiny new cable car station is scheduled to open in May 2024.

People doing yoga on a grassy hill with mountains in the background.

St Anton am Arlberg

Best for: outdoor activities Known as the birthplace of Alpine skiing, St Anton am Arlberg has a fascinating history that’s shared with visitors year-round at the local Museum of St Anton am Arlberg . In warmer months, the town provides the perfect base from which to try a whole host of outdoor activities. Adrenaline-seekers can try paragliding or canyoning, while those seeking relaxation can unwind at the Mountain Yoga Festival St Anton — and those wanting a bit of everything can make for the action-packed Mountain Sports Festival . Whatever you go for, St Anton am Arlberg is easy to reach by train thanks to regular high-speed connections from Vienna and Zurich.

St Johann in Tirol

Best for: local charm St Johann in Tirol sits at the foot of the impressive Wilder Kaiser Mountains, alongside the charming villages of Oberndorf, Kirchdorf and Erpfendorf. There are ample activities on offer in the region, including hiking, road cycling and mountain biking, golf and swimming. For a true taste of the area, check out the many local farm shops and cafes to pick up outstanding fresh produce or visit the traditional St Johann Weekly Market to sample regional specialities such as brodakrapfen (a pasty-like snack filled with potato and cheese).

Zell am See-Kaprun

Best for: swimming and watersports On a calm day, the mountains around Lake Zell are reflected in the clear water below. Refreshing water temperatures and lakeside lidos make this Salzburgerland spot popular for swimming, as well as stand-up paddleboarding, windsurfing and sailing. Not far away is the modern Tauern Spa , with 12 pools and a selection of wellness areas including 10 saunas and steam rooms — try the rock crystal sauna with different infusions such as mint and citrus or lemongrass and eucalyptus, and be sure to set aside ample time to take in the surrounding scenery.

Best for: nature The wide Zillertal valley is located to the east of Innsbruck. There are plenty of areas dedicated to outdoor sports here, including an extended ski season and year-round activities on the Hintertux Glacier , but also parts that remain almost untouched. The High Mountain Nature Park Zillertal Alps covers a 160sq-mile area and is home to thousands of animal species, including 500 kinds of butterfly, and more than 1,000 plant varieties. From May to October, themed hiking tours led by the experienced park guides — such as the ‘herb walk’ or wildlife watching — provide fascinating insights into the local flora and fauna.

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Southern Africa: Travel to the Ends of the Earth with Extended Stay at The Cape of Good Hope

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Build your ideal trip.
Enjoy a guided tour of Robben Island, given by one of its former prisoners
Explore the Chobe National Park on specially equipped Jeeps
Join an on foot tour to the falls in Zimbabwe for exceptional views
Visit Impalila Island's local school to meet the teachers and students
Village Visits
Helicopter Tours
Wildlife Viewing
River Cruises
Land & Sea Exploration
South Africa
Chobe National Park
Johannesburg
Victoria Falls
Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve
Impalila Island
Lake Kariba
Matusadona National Park
Robben Island

Full Itinerary

Day 1: arrive cape town, day 2: cape town, south africa.

1 Breakfast, 1 Lunch, 1 Dinner

Day 3: Robben Island | Groot Constantia Wine Estate

Day 4: the cape peninsula, day 5: capetown | fly to johannesburg, day 6: fly to kasane, botswana | cascades lodge, namibia, day 7: chobe national park, day 8: impalila island, namibia, day 9: kasane | lake kariba | embark the african dream, day 10: lake kariba | gache-gache & sanyati rivers, zimbabwe, day 11: matusadona national park, zimbabwe, day 12: kariba | victoria falls | disembark, day 13: victoria falls.

1 Breakfast

African Dream

Cape town - hotels, vineyard hotel, the pepper club luxury hotel and spa, more cape town hotels, johannesburg - hotels, the peech hotel, protea hotel balalaika sandton, protea hotel or tambo airport, fairlawns boutique hotel, dates & prices, my preferred start date.

Initial deposit is 25%, and most travelers will call our office and pay the deposit with a credit card.

Final payment is due 100 days prior to departure by Bank transfer or credit card. All final payments by credit card may be subject to a surcharge and maximum of $20,000 charge

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For full cancellation policy details, please contact us for a quote.

12 Breakfasts, 11 Lunches, 12 Dinners
12 Nights Accommodations
Accommodations as listed
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Access to a 24-7 Emergency line while traveling
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Double-occupancy cabin with shower in bathroom
Excursions included in the package selected
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Domestic Flight: Cape Town/Johannesburg
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In Johannesburg and Victoria Falls, drinks include: 1 water, 1 glass of local wine* or 1 soda or 1 local beer*, 1 tea or coffee per person and per meal
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Los Angeles Dodgers | Dodgers come up short, end road trip with 1-run…

Los Angeles Dodgers

Los angeles dodgers | dodgers come up short, end road trip with 1-run loss to twins, shohei ohtani tried to score the tying run in the seventh inning on a double by freddie freeman, but he was thrown out at home plate on a call changed by replay review in a 3-2 loss.

The Dodgers' Shohei Ohtani is pictured sliding into home plate as Twins catcher Christian Vázquez tags him.

Dodgers starting pitcher Bobby Miller throws to the plate during the first inning of their game against the Minnesota Twins on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (Photo by David Berding/Getty Images)

Dodgers star Mookie Betts, right, celebrates his base hit during the first inning of their game against the Minnesota Twins on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (Photo by David Berding/Getty Images)

Dodgers designated hitter Shohei Ohtani runs from first to third base on an RBI double by Teoscar Hernandez during the first inning of their game against the Minnesota Twins on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Minnesota Twins starting pitcher Chris Paddack (20) delivers during the first inning of a baseball game against the Dodgers, Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

The Dodgers’ Teoscar Hernández celebrates after hitting an RBI double during the first inning of a baseball game against the Minnesota Twins, Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Dodgers starting pitcher Bobby Miller throws to the plate during the first inning of their game against the Minnesota Twins on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Dodgers shortstop Miguel Rojas turns a double play during the first inning of their game against the Minnesota Twins on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (Photo by David Berding/Getty Images)

The Minnesota Twins’ Edouard Julien celebrates his solo home run as he rounds the bases during the first inning of their game against the Dodgers on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (Photo by David Berding/Getty Images)

Dodgers starting pitcher Bobby Miller reacts after giving up a solo home run to the Minnesota Twins’ Edouard Julien during the first inning on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Minnesota Twins starting pitcher Chris Paddack throws to the plate during the first inning of their game against the Dodgers on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (Photo by David Berding/Getty Images)

The Dodgers’ Freddie Freeman, right, takes a lead from first base during the third inning of their game against the Minnesota Twins on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (Photo by David Berding/Getty Images)

The Minnesota Twins’ Byron Buxton hits an RBI single during the third inning of their game against the Dodgers on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (Photo by David Berding/Getty Images)

The Minnesota Twins’ Carlos Correa, left, celebrates his single in front of Dodgers first baseman Freddie Freeman during the third inning on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (Photo by David Berding/Getty Images)

Dodgers designated hitter Shohei Ohtani hits a single during the fifth inning of a baseball game against the Minnesota Twins, Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Minnesota Twins relief pitcher Kody Funderburk throws to the plate during the fifth inning of their game against the Dodgers on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (Photo by David Berding/Getty Images)

The Dodgers’ Max Muncy stands at the plate after striking out to end the top of the fifth inning of a baseball game against the Minnesota Twins, Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Dodgers relief pitcher Alex Vesia throws to the plate during the fifth inning of their game against the Minnesota Twins on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (Photo by David Berding/Getty Images)

The Minnesota Twins’ Edouard Julien crosses home plate after hitting a solo home run during the during the fifth inning of a baseball game against the Dodgers, Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Dodgers pitcher Alex Vesia (51) waits as Manager Dave Roberts walks to the mound to make a pitching change during the fifth inning of a baseball game against the Minnesota Twins, Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Dodgers pitcher Alex Vesia walks back to the dugout after a pitching change during the fifth inning of a baseball game against the Minnesota Twins, Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Minnesota Twins shortstop Carlos Correa, left, tags out the Dodgers’ James Outman as he attempts to steal second base during the sixth inning on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (Photo by David Berding/Getty Images)

The Dodgers’ James Outman reacts to being tagged out on a stolen base attempt at second base by Minnesota Twins shortstop Carlos Correa during the sixth inning on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (Photo by David Berding/Getty Images)

The Minnesota Twins’ Byron Buxton watches play during the sixth inning of a game against the Dodgers, Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Dodgers designated hitter Shohei Ohtani is tagged out at home plate by Minnesota Twins catcher Christian Vázquez to end the top of the seventh inning on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Dodgers designated hitter Shohei Ohtani reacts after being tagged out at home plate by Minnesota Twins catcher Christian Vázquez to end the top of the seventh inning of a baseball game Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Dodgers designated hitter Shohei Ohtani reacts to being tagged out at home plate by Minnesota Twins catcher Christian Vázquez during the seventh inning on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (Photo by David Berding/Getty Images)

Dodgers designated hitter Shohei Ohtani walks back to the dugout after being tagged out at home plate by Minnesota Twins catcher Christian Vázquez to end the top of the seventh inning of a baseball game Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Minnesota Twins pitcher Steven Okert (16) delivers during the ninth inning of a baseball game against the Dodgers on Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Minnesota Twins pitcher Steven Okert, right, and catcher Christian Vázquez hug after their 3-2 victory over the Dodgers on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Minnesota Twins players celebrate after a 3-2 victory over the Dodgers on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Dodgers star Shohei Ohtani stands on the field before a baseball game against the Minnesota Twins, Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Dodgers star Shohei Ohtani, right, works with team members before a baseball game against the Minnesota Twins, Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Dodgers star Shohei Ohtani warms up before a baseball game against the Minnesota Twins, Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Dodgers star Shohei Ohtani gestures on the field before a baseball game against the Minnesota Twins, Wednesday, April 10, 2024, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Abbie Parr)

Dodgers star Shohei Ohtani, right, interacts with coaches prior to their game against the Minnesota Twins on Wednesday afternoon in Minneapolis. (Photo by David Berding/Getty Images)

MINNEAPOLIS — Among his many athletic attributes, Shohei Ohtani might be the fastest runner on the Dodgers this season.

Paired with the fact that he won’t be expending energy as a pitcher, the expectation is Ohtani will run the bases more aggressively this season. Third base coach Dino Ebel took that to heart Wednesday afternoon.

On first with two outs in the seventh inning against the Minnesota Twins, Ohtani represented the tying run when Freddie Freeman lashed a double into the right field corner. Ebel waved Ohtani home and the long-striding DH executed a pop-up slide at the plate, spreading his arms wide in a safe sign.

Home plate umpire Marvin Hudson agreed. But replay review showed Twins catcher Christian Vazquez’s diving tag after an excellent relay throw by shortstop Carlos Correa caught Ohtani’s foot just before it reached home plate. The call was overturned and the Dodgers went on to lose, 3-2.

“Shohei (on base), two outs, Freddie hits a ball down in the corner, it kind of gives a little bobble down there (against the wall), down the line,” Ebel said. “Two outs, late in the game like that, you gotta send him.

“Shohei is fast. Just the situation, game, scoreboard – we’re down a run, two outs – I thought it was the right play. And it was bang-bang. You guys saw it. And hey, Correa made a great throw at home. So tip your hat.”

Dodgers manager Dave Roberts agreed it was the right decision to try and take advantage of Ohtani’s speed on the bases.

“I don’t think he would’ve sent him if it wasn’t Shohei. I think just the sheer foot speed,” Roberts said. “It was a great baseball play (by the Twins). He’s going to start running more as far as stealing, but on that play for me, with two outs, you’ve got to make them make the play.”

The Twins did and avoided a sweep by the Dodgers. The loss ended the Dodgers’ first stateside road trip of the season having split the six games.

The trip started with Bobby Miller getting roughed up on his birthday at Wrigley Field for five runs in just 1⅔ innings. It ended with a laborious four-inning effort from Miller at Target Field.

Miller gave up a home run to the first batter he faced, Edouard Julien, and had baserunners in each of those four innings, giving up five hits and walking three. A pair of double plays helped him avoid more damage than the two runs he allowed.

“Not super happy about the outing,” Miller said. “With only two runs, given the amount of baserunners I had and amount of times I fell behind in the count, that gives me more confidence because I could easily have given in and made it a four- or five-run game.

“My delivery wasn’t at its best. But like I said, I could easily have crashed out there and made it a four- or five-run game. But just trying to do my best to give my team a chance to win.”

The Dodgers scored in the first inning on an RBI double by Teoscar Hernandez then tied it in the fourth on a solo home run by Max Muncy.

But Alex Vesia gave up a second home run to Julien on his second pitch in the fifth and the Twins made the one-run lead stand up over the final four innings – with the help of replay.

“I’m the hardest person on myself. So I’ve been going over different mechanics and pitches and stuff,” Vesia said. “Today I missed my spot, and he got me.”

In seven outings this season, Vesia has faced 30 batters. Ten of them have reached base – six walks, one hit batter and three hits (including home runs in each of the past two games).

“It was close to him, it was thigh-high – a good pitch for him to hit. To his credit, obviously the kid (Julien) had a big day,” Roberts said. “But you’ve got to be able to mix and match your sequence. You just can’t pitch with just your fastball. If you look at this outing, they didn’t have to honor the breaking ball. So if you can’t make them honor your breaking ball, they can sell out and that’s clearly what they were doing.”

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The Dodgers build a four-run lead by the end of the third inning via four homers, including the 175th of Ohtani’s MLB career, tying him with Hideki Matsui for the most by a player born in Japan, but the Padres rally to win, 8-7, in 11 innings.

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“For me, personally, this marks a break from this and I’d like to focus on baseball,” Ohtani tells a reporter before Friday’s game against the Padres.

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The pitcher-hitter's former interpreter surrendered Friday to federal authorities and made his initial court appearance in LA Friday afternoon.

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The crackdown on “sticky stuff” in 2021, inconsistencies with the baseball, the change in offseason throwing programs and the all-out pursuit of velocity and spin rate are all cited as factors.

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Watch CBS News

What time the 2024 solar eclipse started, reached peak totality and ended

By Sarah Maddox

Updated on: April 9, 2024 / 5:04 AM EDT / CBS News

The 2024 solar eclipse will be visible across North America today. As the moon's position between the Earth and sun casts a shadow on North America, that shadow, or umbra, will travel along the surface from west to east at more than 1,500 miles per hour along the path of totality .

That means the eclipse will start, peak and end at different times — as will the moments of total darkness along the path of totality — and the best time to view the eclipse depends on where you are located. Some places along the path will have more totality time than others.

In Texas, the south-central region had clouds in the forecast , but it was better to the northeast, according to the National Weather Service. The best eclipse viewing weather was expected in New Hampshire, Vermont and Maine, as well as in Canada's New Brunswick and Newfoundland.

What time does the 2024 total solar eclipse start?

The total solar eclipse will emerge over the South Pacific Ocean before the shadow falls across North America, beginning in parts of Mexico. The path of totality , where onlookers can witness the moon fully blocking the sun (through eclipse viewing glasses for safety ), is expected to first make landfall near the city of Mazatlán around 9:51 a.m. MT.

The total solar eclipse will cross over the U.S.-Mexico border into Texas, where it will emerge over Eagle Pass at 12:10 p.m. CT and then peak at about 1:27 p.m. CT.

In Dallas, NASA data shows the partial eclipse will first become visible at 12:23 p.m. CT and peak at 1:40 p.m. CT. The next states in the path of totality are Oklahoma and Arkansas, where the eclipse begins in Little Rock at 12:33 p.m. CT.

Cleveland will see the beginning of the eclipse at 1:59 p.m. ET. Darkness will start spreading over the sky in Buffalo, New York, at 2:04 p.m. ET. Then, the eclipse will reach northwestern Vermont, including Burlington, at 2:14 p.m. ET. Parts of New Hampshire and Maine will also follow in the path of totality before the eclipse first reaches the Canadian mainland at 3:13 p.m. ET.

Although the experience won't be exactly the same, viewers in all the contiguous U.S. states outside the path of totality will still be able to see a partial eclipse. Some places will see most of the sun blocked by the moon, including Washington, D.C., where the partial eclipse will start at 2:04 p.m. ET and peak at about 3:20 p.m. ET.

In Chicago, viewers can start viewing the partial eclipse at 12:51 p.m. CT, with the peak arriving at 2:07 p.m. CT. In Detroit, viewers will be able to enjoy a near-total eclipse beginning at 1:58 p.m. ET and peaking at 3:14 p.m. ET.

New York City will also see a substantial partial eclipse, beginning at 2:10 p.m. ET and peaking around 3:25 p.m. ET.

In Boston it will begin at 2:16 p.m. ET and peak at about 3:29 p.m. ET.

The below table by NASA shows when the eclipse will start, peak and end in 13 cities along the eclipse's path.

What time will the solar eclipse reach peak totality?

Millions more people will have the chance to witness the total solar eclipse this year than during the last total solar eclipse , which was visible from the U.S. in 2017.

The eclipse's peak will mean something different for cities within the path of totality and for those outside. Within the path of totality, darkness will fall for a few minutes. The longest will last more than 4 minutes, but most places will see between 3.5 and 4 minutes of totality. In cities experiencing a partial eclipse, a percentage of the sun will be obscured for more than two hours.

Mazatlán is set to experience totality at 11:07 am PT. Dallas will be able to see the moon fully cover the sun at 1:40 p.m. CT. Little Rock will start to see the full eclipse at 1:51 p.m. CT, Cleveland at 3:13 p.m. ET and Buffalo at 3:18 p.m. ET. Totality will reach Burlington at 3:26 p.m. ET before moving into the remaining states and reaching Canada around 4:25 p.m.

Outside the path of totality, 87.4% of the sun will be eclipsed in Washington, D.C. at 3:20 p.m. ET, and Chicago will have maximum coverage of 93.9% at 2:07 p.m. CT. New York City is much closer to the path of totality this year than it was in 2017; it will see 89.6% coverage at 3:25 p.m. EDT.

Detroit is another city that will encounter a near-total eclipse, with 99.2% maximum coverage at 3:14 p.m. ET. Boston will see 92.4% coverage at 3:29 p.m. ET.

What time will the solar eclipse end?

The eclipse will leave continental North America from Newfoundland, Canada, at 5:16 p.m. NT, according to NASA.

At the beginning of the path of totality in Mazatlán, the eclipse will be over by 12:32 p.m. PT, and it will leave Dallas at 3:02 p.m. CT. The eclipse will end in Little Rock at 3:11 p.m. CT, Cleveland at 4:29 p.m. CDT and Buffalo at 4:32 p.m. ET. Burlington won't be far behind, with the eclipse concluding at 4:37 p.m. ET.

Meanwhile, the viewing will end in Chicago at 3:21 p.m. CT, Washington, D.C. at 4:32 p.m. ET, and New York City at 4:36 p.m. ET.

In Detroit, the partial eclipse will disappear at 4:27 p.m. ET, and in Boston, it will be over at 4:39 p.m. ET.

How long will the eclipse last in total?

The total solar eclipse will begin in Mexico at 11:07 a.m. PT and leave continental North America at 5:16 p.m. NT. From the time the partial eclipse first appears on Earth to its final glimpses before disappearing thousands of miles away, the celestial show will dazzle viewers for about 5 hours, according to timeanddate.com .

The length of the total solar eclipse at points along the path depends on the viewing location. The longest will be 4 minutes and 28 seconds, northwest of Torreón, Mexico. Near the center of the path, totality takes place for the longest periods of time, according to NASA.

Spectators will observe totality for much longer today than during the 2017 eclipse , when the longest stretch of totality was 2 minutes and 32 seconds.

The moon's shadow seen on Earth today, called the umbra, travels at more than 1,500 miles per hour, according to NASA. It would move even more quickly if the Earth rotated in the opposite direction.

What is the longest a solar eclipse has ever lasted?

The longest known totality was 7 minutes and 28 seconds in 743 B.C. However, NASA says this record will be broken in 2186 with a 7 minute, 29 second total solar eclipse. The next total solar eclipse visible from parts of the U.S. won't happen until Aug. 23, 2044.

Sarah Maddox has been with CBS News since 2019. She works as an associate producer for CBS News Live.

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Solar Eclipse 2024

10 Surprising Facts About the 2024 Solar Eclipse

A total solar eclipse will sweep across North America on Monday, April 8, offering a spectacle for tens of millions of people who live in its path and others who will travel to see it.

A solar eclipse occurs during the new moon phase, when the moon passes between Earth and the sun, casting a shadow on Earth and totally or partially blocking our view of the sun. While an average of two solar eclipses happen every year, a particular spot on Earth is only in the path of totality every 375 years on average, Astronomy reported .

“Eclipses themselves aren't rare, it's just eclipses at your house are pretty rare,” John Gianforte, director of the University of New Hampshire Observatory, tells TIME. If you stay in your hometown, you may never spot one, but if you’re willing to travel, you can witness multiple. Gianforte has seen five eclipses and intends to travel to Texas this year, where the weather prospects are better.

One fun part of experiencing an eclipse can be watching the people around you. “They may yell, they scream, they cry, they hug each other, and that’s because it’s such an amazingly beautiful event,” Gianforte, who also serves as an extension associate professor of space science education, notes. “Everyone should see at least one in their life, because they’re just so spectacular. They are emotion-evoking natural events.”

Here are 10 surprising facts about the science behind the phenomenon, what makes 2024’s solar eclipse unique, and what to expect.

The total eclipse starts in the Pacific Ocean and ends in the Atlantic

The darker, inner shadow the moon casts is called the umbra , in which you can see a rarer total eclipse. The outer, lighter second shadow is called the penumbra, under which you will see a partial eclipse visible in more locations.

The total eclipse starts at 12:39 p.m. Eastern Time, a bit more than 620 miles south of the Republic of Kiribati in the Pacific Ocean, according to Astronomy . The umbra remains in contact with Earth’s surface for three hours and 16 minutes until 3:55 p.m. when it ends in the Atlantic Ocean, roughly 340 miles southwest of Ireland.

The umbra enters the U.S. at the Mexican border just south of Eagle Pass, Texas, and leaves just north of Houlton, Maine, with one hour and eight minutes between entry and exit, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) tells TIME in an email.

Mexico will see the longest totality during the eclipse

The longest totality will extend for four minutes and 28 seconds on a 350-mile-long swath near the centerline of the eclipse, including west of Torreón, Mexico, according to NASA.

In the U.S., some areas of Texas will catch nearly equally long total eclipses. For example, in Fredericksburg, totality will last four minutes and 23 seconds—and that gets slightly longer if you travel west, the agency tells TIME. Most places along the centerline will see totality lasting between three and a half minutes and four minutes.

More people currently live in the path of totality compared to the last eclipse

An estimated 31.6 million people live in the path of totality for 2024’s solar eclipse, compared to 12 million during the last solar eclipse that crossed the U.S. in 2017, per NASA .

The path of totality is much wider than in 2017, and this year’s eclipse is also passing over more cities and densely populated areas than last time.

A part of the sun which is typically hidden will reveal itself

Solar eclipses allow for a glimpse of the sun’s corona —the outermost atmosphere of the star that is normally not visible to humans because of the sun’s brightness.

The corona consists of wispy, white streamers of plasma—charged gas—that radiate from the sun. The corona is much hotter than the sun's surface —about 1 million degrees Celsius (1.8 million degrees Fahrenheit) compared to 5,500 degrees Celsius (9,940 degrees Fahrenheit).

The sun will be near its more dramatic solar maximum

During the 2024 eclipse, the sun will be near “solar maximum.” This is the most active phase of a roughly 11-year solar cycle, which might lead to more prominent and evident sun activity, Gianforte tells TIME.

“We're in a very active state of the sun, which makes eclipses more exciting, and [means there is] more to look forward to during the total phase of the eclipse,” he explains.

People should look for an extended, active corona with more spikes and maybe some curls in it, keeping an eye out for prominences , pink explosions of plasma that leap off the sun’s surface and are pulled back by the sun’s magnetic field, and streamers coming off the sun.

Streamers “are a beautiful, beautiful shade of pink, and silhouetted against the black, new moon that's passing across the disk of the sun, it makes them stand out very well. So it's really just a beautiful sight to look up at the totally eclipsed sun,” Gianforte says.

Two planets—and maybe a comet—could also be spotted

Venus will be visible 15 degrees west-southwest of the sun 10 minutes before totality, according to Astronomy. Jupiter will also appear 30 degrees to the east-northeast of the sun during totality, or perhaps a few minutes before. Venus is expected to shine more than five times as bright as Jupiter.

Another celestial object that may be visible is Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks , about six degrees to the right of Jupiter. Gianforte says the comet, with its distinctive circular cloud of gas and a long tail, has been “really putting on a great show in the sky” ahead of the eclipse.

The eclipse can cause a “360-degree sunset”

A solar eclipse can cause a sunset-like glow in every direction—called a “360-degree sunset”—which you might notice during the 2024 eclipse, NASA said . The effect is caused by light from the sun in areas outside of the path of totality and only lasts as long as totality.

The temperature will drop

When the sun is blocked out, the temperature drops noticeably. During the last total solar eclipse in the U.S. in 2017, the National Weather Service recorded that temperature dropped as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit. In Carbondale, Ill. for example, the temperature dropped from a peak of 90 degrees Fahrenheit just before totality to 84 degrees during totality.

Wildlife may act differently

When the sky suddenly becomes black as though nighttime, confused “animals, dogs, cats, birds do act very differently ,” Gianforte says.

In the 2017 eclipse, scientists tracked that many flying creatures began returning to the ground or other perches up to 50 minutes before totality. Seeking shelter is a natural response to a storm or weather conditions that can prove deadly for small flying creatures, the report said. Then right before totality, a group of flying creatures changed their behavior again—suddenly taking flight before quickly settling back into their perches again.

There will be a long wait for the next total eclipse in the U.S.

The next total eclipse in the U.S. won’t happen until March 30, 2033, when totality will reportedly only cross parts of Alaska . The next eclipse in the 48 contiguous states is expected to occur on Aug. 12, 2044, with parts of Montana and North Dakota experiencing totality.

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The rubble of a building annexed to the Iranian embassy a day after an airstrike in Damascus, Syria.

Iranian attack on Israel expected ‘sooner rather than later’, says Joe Biden

President said US are ‘devoted to the defence of Israel’ as he urged Tehran to show restraint

Joe Biden has said he expects an Iranian attack on Israel “sooner rather than later” and issued a last-ditch message to Tehran: “Don’t.”

“We are devoted to the defence of Israel . We will support Israel. We will help defend Israel and Iran will not succeed,” Biden told reporters on Friday.

Earlier the White House national security spokesperson John Kirby warned that the threat of a significant Iranian attack on Israel remains “viable” despite Washington-led efforts, including calls to Tehran from the UK and Germany, to deter a serious escalation in the conflict in the Middle East.

The White House comments came as several countries, including India, France , Poland and Russia, warned their citizens against travel to the region and Israel’s defence minister, Yoav Gallant, said his country was “prepared to defend [itself] on the ground and in the air, in close cooperation with our partners”.

Later CBS, quoting two unnamed US officials, reported that a substantial missile and drone attack could be launched as early as Friday evening, as a number of countries urgently warned their nationals of the risk of escalating violence in the region, and Israel’s prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, convened a security assessment.

Appearing to underline that report, Javad Karimi-Ghodousi, a member of the Iranian parliament’s national security and foreign policy commission, said: “After punishing the Zionist regime in the coming hours, this villain will understand that henceforth, wherever in the world it attempts to assassinate figures of the resistance front, it will again be punished with Iranian missiles.”

German airline Lufthansa said on Friday its planes would no longer use Iranian airspace and extended its suspension of flights to and from Tehran until Thursday.

Qantas has paused its non-stop flights from Perth to London because the 17-and-a-half-hour flight is possible only by using Iranian airspace.

Iran has threatened reprisals against Israel for a strike on the Iranian consulate in Syria on 1 April, in which seven members of the Revolutionary Guards including two generals were killed, sparking fears that an already volatile climate in the Middle East could quickly spiral further.

Tehran’s foreign minister, Hossein Amir-Abdollahian, said on Thursday that Iran felt it had no choice but to respond to the deadly attack on its diplomatic mission after the UN security council failed to take action.

Speaking to reporters, Kirby said the prospect of an Iranian attack on Israel was “still a viable threat” despite concerted efforts by Israel and the US in recent days to deter it .

“We are in constant communication with our Israeli counterparts about making sure that they can defend themselves against those kinds of attacks,” Kirby said. He confirmed that the head of US Central Command, Gen Erik Kurilla, was in Israel talking with defence officials about how Israel could be best prepared.

Israel has said it is strengthening air defences and has paused leave for combat units.

On Friday, France ordered the evacuation of diplomats’ families and warned nationals in several other countries, including Israel and Lebanon, and alerts were issued by Canada and Australia. The US also restricted travel within Israel for US diplomats and their families.

In its strong warning on Friday, the French foreign ministry advised citizens against travelling to Iran, Lebanon, Israel and the Palestinian territories and said French civil servants were banned from conducting any missions there.

The advisories followed a number of media reports that Israel was preparing for the prospect of an attack from Iran, possibly as soon as this weekend.

A US official told the Wall Street Journal that American intelligence reports indicated an Iranian retaliatory strike “possibly on Israeli soil” as opposed to against Israeli interests elsewhere, adding that the strike could come within 24 to 48 hours.

The same report, however, also reported an individual briefed by the Iranian leadership as saying no final decision had been taken by Tehran.

The newspaper reported US officials as saying that the US Navy had repositioned two destroyers in the region in order to protect US and Israeli forces.

While analysts had initially speculated that Iran may not rush into a response, concern has grown in the last two days over the potential for direct conflict between Iran and Israel after years of proxy conflict between the two enemies.

More recently experts have suggested that Iran now feels it is required to act militarily to restore its balance of deterrence with Israel.

On Wednesday, Joe Biden said Iran was threatening a “significant attack” against Israel and that Washington would do all it could to protect Israel’s security.

The US president’s comments in turn followed a televised speech by Iran’s leader saying the attack in Damascus was equivalent to an attack on Iran itself. “When they attacked our consulate area, it was like they attacked our territory,” Ayatollah Ali Khamenei said. “The evil regime must be punished, and it will be punished.”

The Israeli military said it was fully prepared for any strike. Israel was “on alert and highly prepared for various scenarios, and we are constantly assessing the situation,” the Israel Defense Forces spokesperson, R Adm Daniel Hagari, said at a press conference. “We are ready for attack and defence using a variety of capabilities that the IDF has, and also ready with our strategic partners.”

According to reports in the Israeli media, the IDF believes that Iran or one of its proxies are most likely to attempt to strike a military target rather than civilian centres, although some sites such as the Kirya, Israel’s defence headquarters in Tel Aviv, are located in city centres next to shopping malls, offices and restaurants.

Concern over a significant escalation in the Middle East conflict, which has already drawn in Hezbollah in Lebanon, pro-Iranian groups in Iraq and Yemen’s Houthis, came as Israeli forces continued to fight Palestinian militants in the north and centre of the Gaza Strip.

Residents of al-Nusseirat refugee camp in central Gaza said dozens were dead or wounded after Israeli bombardment from air, land and sea that had followed a surprise ground assault on Thursday, and that houses and two mosques had been destroyed.

Middle East and north Africa

More on this story

Middle East crisis: threat of Iranian attack on Israel ‘still viable’, says White House – as it happened

Aid ‘still not reaching Gaza’, as top US official warns famine has started

US seeking to deter Iran from strike on Israel, officials say

Hamas says it does not have 40 hostages who fit criteria for deal with Israel

Biden vows ‘ironclad’ US commitment to Israel amid fears of Iran attack

Germany faces domestic lawsuit over its arms sales to Israel

Israel’s security at core of German foreign policy due to Holocaust, ICJ hears

‘A new abyss’: Gaza and the hundred years’ war on Palestine

‘This cannot be Eid’: Gaza’s survivors mark the end of Ramadan in the shadow of war

Hamas leader repeats Gaza ceasefire call after sons and grandchildren killed

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