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How often should I see my dentist?

Why are regular dentist appointments important?

You consider yourself to have great oral hygiene and regularly brush and floss your teeth to keep your mouth clean. Your excellent oral hygiene habits may lead you to wonder if you still need to visit your dentist on a regular basis. The answer is yes!   Even if you take good care of your teeth and gums at home, it’s still important that you regularly visit your dentist who is professionally trained to check for problems you may not see or feel yourself.

The truth is, many dental problems like cavities, gum disease, and oral cancer don’t become visible or cause pain until they are in the more advanced stage, which makes treatment and follow-up all the more extensive. Even if you are healthy today, your risk for dental disease can change over time and can be affected by factors like illness, diet changes, new medication usage, and more. So why risk it?

The frequency at which you visit your dentist should be based on several factors. This includes your current oral health condition, individual oral hygiene habits, general health status and medical conditions, as well as your own self- and dentist-assessed risk for oral health problems.

Assessing your risk for dental disease

When evaluating your risk for dental disease, you should consider all personal health, lifestyle, and genetic factors that contribute to your risk-level. Risk factors include a diet high in sugar and refined carbohydrates, poor oral habits, lack of exposure to fluoride containing water, smoking or use of other tobacco products, heavy alcohol or recreational drug use, and medical conditions including diabetes, Sjogren’s Syndrome, and head and neck cancers.

Delta Dental offers a free online risk assessment tool called LifeSmile Score TM that helps you determine your level of risk for things like tooth decay, gum disease, and oral cancer. The tool prompts you with a series of questions about family history and current health status and habits and analyzes your answers to reveal your oral health risk score. You can then print your results and share them with your dentist who can factor those scores in with his or her clinical exam and help you develop a customized oral health plan and dental recall visit schedule.

Regularly scheduled visits

The evidence for the ideal interval for routine dental exams is not clear cut, but once or twice a year has been the general recommendation in the U.S. for many years. However, most people at low risk of oral diseases can visit the dentist less frequently, while others may need to go more often.

Your dental insurance coverage will also play a role in how often you see a dentist. Generally, two oral health exams will be covered by your dental insurance plan on an annual basis, but this will depend on your individual dental insurance plan . Remember – even if you believe your mouth to be in perfect health, you should still get a professional cleaning and annual checkup to ensure everything is healthy and on track!

Other factors to consider

Here are some other factors to consider when you think about how often you should see a dentist.

• Changes to dental health

Have you recently had any changes in your dental health? Certain things to take note of are chipped, cracked or shifting teeth, swollen or bleeding gums, persistent tooth pain and sensitivity to cold or hot beverages. Should any of these instances occur, be sure to check in with your dentist. 1

• Dental work & upkeep

When you receive dental work like a filling, crown, or oral surgery, there’s a chance you will need to go back to the dentist for follow-up appointments to ensure your teeth and gums are healing well. This usually involves a quick evaluation by your dentist and also gives you the opportunity to ask any questions you have about the recent dental work. Something to note – if you have active periodontal (gum) disease, you may need more frequent appointments to manage this condition. These appointments may occur every 2-6 months. 2

• Dental visits for kids

Generally, children should get their first oral exam as soon as their first baby tooth comes in or by their first birthday. As the child gets older, dental checkups should occur as often as your dentist advises, with a typical recommendation of every six months to a year.

• Dental visits for adults

For adults, the recommended frequency for dental check-ups varies. In most studies, however, regular attenders are considered to be those individuals that visit the dentist at least once a year. The frequency at which you visit the dentist will depend on your own oral health needs, and if you are prone to cavities, gum problems, or oral health issues. How quickly one develops stain and dental plaque on their teeth will also vary from person to person, and some individuals may benefit from a more frequent cleaning schedule should their teeth be more prone to staining or calculus build-up.

Additionally, individuals who have dental insurance typically visit the dentist more often than those who do not. And, companies with wellness programs will often offer incentives for employees to accomplish certain preventive health steps each year. Companies recognize that cost savings can occur for the company and employee by preventing disease.

High risk groups

The following groups may need to see the dentist more frequently, as oral health issues are more likely to arise in:

• Pregnant women
• Persons with certain medical conditions such as diabetes, Sjogren’s syndrome, head and neck cancers, HIV/AIDS, and others
• People with current gum disease
• People with a weak immune response to bacterial infection
• People who tend to get cavities or build up plaque
• People who suffer from dry mouth
• Older adults

Regardless of how you feel about your overall oral health, it is important to see a dentist regularly. A reasonable goal is to visit the dentist at least once a year for an oral health checkup, although some evidence suggests that those at a low risk for disease may extend to 18-24 months. Check in with your dentist for more information on how they assess your risk for oral disease and what their recommendation is for your individualized exam and cleaning schedule.

Additional resources

Looking for more information? Learn more about basic oral health.

• Mouthwash 101: what mouthwash does and how to use It
• How to floss your teeth the right way
• Learn the proper technique for brushing your teeth

1 Your Top 9 Questions About Going to the Dentist-Answered! (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/dental-care-concerns/questions-about-going-to-the-dentist

2 Periodontitis. (2018, March 6). Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/periodontitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354479

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• January 7, 2022

Regular Checkups: How Often Should You Visit Your Dentist?

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The Floss / Wellness Advice / Regular Checkups: How Often Should You Visit Your Dentist?

How Often Should You Visit Your Dentist?

Over 100 million Americans do not visit their dentist consistently every year, and this has significant repercussions on the oral health of the population. Indeed, regular visits to the dentist are required to maintain good oral health. That being said, you are probably asking yourself the following question: How often do I have to visit my dentist? The answer to this question varies, contrary to most expectations. In this article, you will find the answer to the above question and an explanation of its reasoning.

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The typical twice-a-year recommendation:

Truth or Myth?

You’ve probably heard the recommendation that you should visit your dentist twice a year. However, as funny as it may sound, this recommendation originated from an advertisement for toothpaste and not from actual dental studies! This recommendation is a good rule of thumb for many people, but should not be applied to everyone – depending on their oral health needs, some people may need to visit their dentist more or less often.

So, why do some people need to see their dentist less often and why should others visit more frequently?

The only person who can give you a valid and precise answer to this question is … your dentist of course! As mentioned above, some people need to see their dentist more than twice a year, especially those with a greater risk of dental disease and other health conditions that require visits to their dentist every 3 months, or more. Patients with good oral health overall will probably need to visit only once every 12 to 24 months.

Who should go to the dentist more often?

Pregnant women

With hormonal changes during pregnancy, gums can become red, tender, and sore. In that case, your dentist might recommend additional cleanings during your second trimester and early third trimester to help control gingivitis – hence the importance of seeing your dentist more often when pregnant.

Since people with diabetes are more prone to gum disease, and since literature suggests that treating gum disease can help improve blood sugar control, having professional deep cleanings more often than twice a year is recommended for diabetic people.

• Smokers are more prone to periodontal diseases and more likely to have stained teeth, and therefore may need appointments more often.
• People with gum disease.
• People with a weak immune response.
• People who are prone to cavities or plaque build-up

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Why are regular check-ups important?

They allow early detections of dental and oral issues, allowing better health management:

• Even if you brush your teeth twice a day and floss as recommended, you still need to visit your dentist. Patients are unable to detect things like cavities or gum disease before they get too advanced and painful. Regular visits make it possible for early detection of oral health problems, so patients can avoid them or halt their progress. An additional and major benefit is the fact that oral cancers are most often detected by dentists since they examine not only your teeth, but also your gums and mouth. These oral cancer screenings can therefore help detect cancerous lesions that can be more effectively treated when caught early.
• Ultimately, visiting your dentist as regularly as recommended will save you time, discomfort, and even money in the long run.

In conclusion, the better you take care of your teeth, the less chance you will have of developing cavities and oral health problems. In turn, you will need to visit your dentist less often. Brush your teeth twice a day as recommended, and do not hesitate to use dental floss, interdental brushes, or an oral irrigator. Your dentist might then lengthen the time between your visits! Always follow your dentist’s advice in terms of your next appointment for optimal oral health.

Suzanna Maria Sayegh graduated in Oral Pathology, earned a Master’s in Research and a Doctorate in Dental Surgery at the Saint-Joseph University of Beirut. She is currently pursuing a master’s degree in Aesthetic and Prosthetic Dentistry. It is her top priority to provide high-quality, minimally invasive dental care to each patient, respecting their individual goals and needs. She is currently writing for Bond Street Dental .

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• Teeth and Mouth Health

How to Go to the Dentist

Last Updated: November 26, 2023 References

This article was co-authored by Alina Lane, DDS . Dr. Alina Lane is a Dentist who runs All Smiles Dentistry, a general practice dental office based in New York City. After completing a DDS at the University of Maryland, Dr. Lane completed a year-long clerkship in Implantology at the University of Maryland, where she focused on the advanced restoration of dental implants. She continued her advanced education by completing a General Practice Residency at Woodhull Medical Center, an affiliate of the NYU School of Medicine. She received the Woodhull Medical Center Resident of the Year 2012-2013. There are 10 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been viewed 133,822 times.

Oral health is an integral part of maintaining your overall well-being. Seeing a dentist regularly can help promote oral health and ward off potential problems or conditions. By scheduling an appointment and planning for your visit, you can go to the dentist whenever you need.

Scheduling an Appointment

• Read reviews of local dentists either online or in publications like the newspaper.
• Call your insurance company to ask if you are required to see in-network dentists or if you can pay extra to see someone out of network. Most insurance companies can provide you a list of doctors who are a part of their network. [2] X Research source
• Compile a list of potential dentists and write down factors that drew you to them.

• Give the receptionist your basic information, including whether or not you have insurance.

• Schedule your appointment early in the morning if you can so that less likely to have to wait for a long time. [4] X Research source Tell the receptionist you prefer mornings.
• Accept whatever times the receptionist offers. Tell her that your dates and times are flexible, which may help you get an appointment in a slot you want.
• Be kind and courteous with the receptionist.

• Compose a one or two sentence description of your visit. For example, you could say “I am a new patient and would like to consult with the doctor” or “I am scheduling a routine cleaning.”

• Ask for the names of a couple of doctors if the referrals cannot take you or return to your list.
• Check to make sure the referral dentist is in your network if you have insurance.

• Be kind and as flexible as possible. This may help you get an appointment as well as leaving a positive impression.

Seeing the Dentist

• Confirm your appointment a day or two in advance.
• Call the office if you are running late or need to reschedule. The earlier you can call the receptionist, the more likely she is to accommodate you.
• Take any insurance information or other relevant data you may need, such as what prescriptions you are taking or other doctors you see. The office may also send you forms in the mail to bring to your visit.

• Schedule a consultation before your first appointment if you like and it is an option. [8] X Research source
• Ask your dentist any questions you have and answer any she may have for you. [9] X Research source
• Be open and honest with your dentist. Tell her about any medical conditions you have, dental problems you are experiencing, or medications that you take.
• Tell your dentist if you are anxious or fear of dental procedures. This can help guide the way she treats you. [10] X Research source Being honest about your anxieties and past experiences can only help your dentist treat you more effectively.
• Ask your dentist to keep you informed as she is doing the procedure. Remember that you have the right to know what is happening. [11] X Research source
• Establishing a good personal connection with your dentist is important; it will help your dentist treat you more effectively, and you will feel more comfortable. Dental work involves concentration on the task at hand but also interactions with patients.

Joseph Whitehouse, MA, DDS

Our Expert Agrees: One important fact to communicate with your dentist is what you want your teeth and smile to look like in 20 years. This can help them to create a treatment plan that works for you and one that you'll be satisfied with.

• Try nitrous oxide, sedation, or anti-anxiety medications such as alprazolam to help you relax during your visit. [13] X Research source Your dentist can administer these options before and during your visit.
• If you are very scared, ask your dentist to prescribe anti-anxiety medication before your appointment. [14] X Research source
• Tell your dentist if you take any anti-anxiety medication that she did not prescribe. This can help minimize the risk of potentially dangerous interactions between medications. [15] X Research source
• Using sedatives during a dental procedure can increase the price, which dental insurance may not cover.
• Try breathing exercises. Inhale for 4 seconds, hold it, and then exhale for 4 seconds. As you inhale, think the word “let” and as you exhale think “go.” These can deepen your relaxation. [16] X Research source

• Take your own headphones if you like, but know the dentist’s office will sanitize their equipment in between patients.
• Ask if you can listen to music or a book during your appointment if your dentist doesn’t offer distracting media. [18] X Trustworthy Source Harvard Medical School Harvard Medical School's Educational Site for the Public Go to source

• Ask your dentist any questions you have on follow up care or instructions she gives you on how to care for your oral hygiene. [19] X Research source
• Get any prescriptions you need, including for medications or procedures such as dental impressions.

• Ask any questions about the insurance or payment procedures so that you don’t miss a payment.
• Tell her about follow up visits you need to schedule and what the nature of them is, which she may already have on your doctor’s instruction sheet.
• Thank the receptionist for her help.

• Take care of your oral health by brushing and flossing at least twice a day. This can reduce the need for complicated procedures. Prevention methods can help you reduce dental costs and better your oral health.

Expert Q&A

• Ask the dentist or receptionist if your insurance covers any work you require. In some cases, the office can provide you a code to check with your insurance. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0
• Visiting the dentist is like visiting any other doctor. Be clean and neat, but not overdressed. Do not wear full makeup (if any). Dress in some comfortable clothing. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

You Might Also Like

• ↑ Alina Lane, DDS. Board Certified Dentist. Expert Interview. 21 April 2020.
• ↑ https://askthedentist.com/find-good-dentist/
• ↑ https://www.dentalfearcentral.org/help/first-appointment/
• ↑ https://www.dentalfearcentral.org/help/
• ↑ https://psychcentral.com/lib/10-tips-to-help-you-overcome-dentist-phobia/
• ↑ https://www.dentalfearcentral.org/help/sedation-dentistry/oral-sedation/
• ↑ https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/dental-fear-our-readers-suggest-coping-techniques-20100825327
• ↑ https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/how-to-find-a-good-dentist

About This Article

Medical Disclaimer

The content of this article is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, examination, diagnosis, or treatment. You should always contact your doctor or other qualified healthcare professional before starting, changing, or stopping any kind of health treatment.

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If you need to go to the dentist, ask your family and friends to recommend a dentist they like. You can also read reviews of different dental clinics online. You should also check with your insurance to see if you have to see a dentist in your network. Once you’ve chosen the dentist you want to see, call and make an appointment. If you get nervous before dental appointments, practice breathing exercises or meditation beforehand to help yourself calm down, and ask your dentist if it’s okay for you to listen to music during the appointment to help distract you. Read on for tips from our dental reviewer on setting up a follow-up appointment! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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• Find-a-Dentist

Your Top 9 Questions About Going to the Dentist—Answered!

Whether you are 80 or 8, your oral health is important. Did you know that 100 million Americans fail to see a dentist each year, even though regular dental examinations and good oral hygiene can prevent most dental disease? Here are some frequently asked questions about going to the dentist.

9 Questions Accordion

Regular dental visits are important because they can help spot dental health problems early on when treatment is likely to be simpler and more affordable. They also help prevent many problems from developing in the first place. Visiting your dentist regularly is also important because some diseases or medical conditions have symptoms that can appear in the mouth.

• Your teeth are sensitive to hot or cold
• Your gums are puffy and/or they bleed when you brush or floss
• You have fillings , crowns , dental implants , dentures , etc.
• You don’t like the way your smile or teeth look
• You have persistent bad breath or bad taste in your mouth
• You are pregnant
• You have pain or swelling in your mouth, face or neck
• You have difficulty chewing or swallowing
• You have a family history of gum disease or tooth decay
• You have a medical condition such as diabetes , cardiovascular disease , eating disorders or are HIV positive
• Your mouth is often dry
• You smoke or use other tobacco products
• You are undergoing medical treatment such as radiation, chemotherapy or hormone replacement therapy
• Your jaw sometimes pops or is painful when opening and closing, chewing or when you first wake up; you have an uneven bite
• You have a spot or sore that doesn’t look or feel right in your mouth and it isn’t going away

Yes. Even if you don’t have any symptoms, you can still have dental health problems that only a dentist can diagnose. Regular dental visits will also help prevent problems from developing. Continuity of care is an important part of any health plan and dental health is no exception. Keeping your mouth healthy is an essential piece of your overall health. It’s also important to keep your dentist informed of any changes in your overall health since many medical conditions can affect your dental health too.

The dentist or hygienist will ask about your recent medical history, examine your mouth and decide whether or not you need x-rays. Depending on your treatment plan, the hygienist may use a special dental instruments to check your gums for gum disease. Your dentist will evaluate your overall dental health and conduct an oral cancer screening by holding your tongue with gauze, checking it and your whole mouth, then feeling your jaw and neck.

There is no one-size-fits-all dental treatment. Some people need to visit the dentist once or twice a year; others may need more visits. You are a unique individual, with a unique smile and unique needs when it comes to keeping your smile healthy.

The American Dental Association offers these suggestions in finding a dentist:

• Visit ADA Find-a-Dentist to search dentists in your area. 
• Ask family, friends, neighbors or co-workers for recommendations. 
• Ask your family physician or local pharmacist.
• If you're moving, your current dentist may be able to make a recommendation.
• Call or write your state dental society.

You may want to call or visit more than one dentist before making your decision. Dental care is a very personalized service that requires a good relationship between the dentist and the patient. During your first visit, you should be able to determine if this is the right dentist for you.

Consider the following:

• Is the appointment schedule convenient for you? 
• Is the office easy to get to from your home or job? 
• Does the office appear to be clean, neat and orderly?
• Was your medical and dental history recorded and placed in a permanent file?
• Does the dentist explain techniques that will help you prevent dental health problems? Is dental health instruction provided?
• Are special arrangements made for handling emergencies outside of office hours? (Most dentists make arrangements with a colleague or emergency referral service if they are unable to tend to emergencies.) 
• Is information provided about fees and payment plans before treatment is scheduled? 
• Is your dentist a member of the ADA? All ADA member dentists voluntarily agree to abide by the high ethical standards reflected in the member code of conduct . You and your dentist are partners in maintaining your oral health. Take time to ask questions and take notes if that will help you remember your dentist's advice.

If you’re looking to find a dentist you may notice that while most are listed with a “DDS”, some may be listed as “DMD”. They both mean the same thing—your dentist graduated from an accredited dental school. The DDS (Doctor of Dental Surgery) and DMD (Doctor of Dental Medicine) are the same degrees. Dentists who have a DMD or DDS have the same education. The level of education and clinical training required to earn a dental degree, and the high academic standards of dental schools are on par with those of medical schools. Upon completion of their training, dentists must pass both a rigorous national written exam and a state or regional clinical licensing exam in order to practice. In order to keep their licenses, they must meet continuing education requirements for the remainder of their careers so that they may stay up to date on the latest scientific and clinical developments.

Here are some tips to help you take care of your smile:

• Healthy habits . Brushing twice a day for two minutes and flossing daily are essential for everyone, no matter how unique your mouth is. It’s the best way to fight tooth decay and gum disease.
• Build a relationship. Continuity of care is an important part of any health plan and dental health is no exception. When your dentist sees you regularly, he or she is in a good position to catch oral problems early. For instance, catching gum disease  when it’s still reversible, or cavities when they are small and are more easily treated.
• Maintain. Keeping your mouth healthy is an essential piece of your overall health. It’s important to keep your dentist informed of any changes in your overall health as well.
• Talk about it! Only your dentist can determine what the best treatment plan is for you. Have questions about your oral health or certain dental procedures? Start a conversation. Ask your dentist to explain step-by-step. Dentists love having satisfied, healthy patients.

Dr. Abdullah M. Allawnha

Dr. Allawnha, born in New Orleans and raised in Windsor, Canada, earned a Bachelor of Science in Nursing from the University of Windsor. He worked as an ER nurse in Detroit, Michigan, before moving to Morgantown, West Virginia, to become a dentist. He completed his Doctorate of Dental Surgery (DDS) degree from West Virginia University School of Dentistry while still working as a nurse until he graduated.

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How to Find a Good Dentist

Look for a doctor you can trust to put your interests first.

This article is based on reporting that features expert sources.

Karen Vasso, a 47-year old farmer from Chelmsford, Massachusetts, takes good care of her health. In addition to the copious amounts of physical exercise she gets while working, she's an avid swimmer and triathlete. She also has a background in nutrition and knows that good dental health is an important aspect of overall wellness.

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She's long sought to make visiting a dentist regularly a priority. However, a couple of bad experiences over the years have caused her to think carefully about what makes a good dentist and how to find the right one for her.

The first incident occurred several years ago. At the time, Vasso was a single mother and her health insurance wasn't terribly robust, so her options of which dentist she could see were limited. "I went to this quiet, dark office in the basement of a building" in a nearby town. The office was mostly empty, save for the dentist himself, and Vasso recalls thinking, "this is scary."

Undeterred by her gut intuition, she went through with the appointment. "He cleaned my teeth and at the end he said, 'you have a cavity. I'm going to need you to come back for a filling.' I know my teeth. I have extensive knowledge about nutrition and how that affects dental health ," and she says she suspected she didn't actually have a cavity.

She asked the dentist to show her on the X-ray where the cavity was. "He kind of backed out of it. He had nothing, so I left and never went back. Because he was the only dentist my insurance covered, I didn't go to the dentist for several years," she says.

Fast forward a few years to a new town and new dental health insurance , and Vasso decided it was time to do something about the lack of routine dental care she'd had for the past few years and scheduled an appointment with a local dentist.

She opted for "a very big chain dental practice" that was in her insurance plan and made an appointment. "They did a cleaning and a cursory exam and told me I had six cavities. It blew my mind – there's no way I have six cavities," she says, feeling outraged.

Before she was even able to get clarification on where and how severe these cavities were, she'd been herded to the front desk to settle her bill and make several more appointments for additional dental work.

Vasso decided she didn't trust that dentist and made an appointment elsewhere for a second opinion . As suspected, that subsequent dentist confirmed she had no cavities at all, let alone six of them. "Can you imagine them drilling into my teeth for no reason? It blows my mind," she says.

Trust Is the Bedrock of the Dentist-Patient Relationship

While Vasso's experience may be extreme, it illustrates how important it is to find a dentist you can trust. "The dentist has an obligation to be truthful," says Dr. Ada Cooper, a dentist in private practice in New York City and a spokesperson for the American Dental Association.

"The best doctor-patient relationships are based on truth and trust, and trust in treatment planning is absolutely critical. Once you and your dentist have that trust, you can go forth and be partners in a way that will help you gain so much in terms of your dental health," she says. She refers to this as "finding your dental home," a place where you can be assured that the provider has your best interests at heart and offers the right care that you actually need.

But it can be hard to know whether what your dentist is telling you is accurate. Cooper says that, as Vasso did, you should consider whether what you're hearing makes sense.

"If it doesn't seem or sound right – if the recommended treatment doesn't make sense or the dentist doesn't seem willing to answer questions or is unable to provide clear enough answers or you don't feel comfortable asking, then it's time to look for another dentist."

What to Look for in a Dentist

When looking for a dentist, there are several factors to consider including:

• Location and hours.
• Competence and compassion.
• Communication styles or issues.
• Professional affiliations and accolades.
• Preventive care emphasis.

Location and hours

You should seek one that practices close to your home or work and that has convenient hours. If you aren’t available when the doctor is, you’re unlikely to be able to make the relationship work. Telehealth options have become more widely available since the onset of the coronavirus pandemic, but you'll still have to visit the doctor in person for cleanings and checkups from time to time.

Competence and compassion

“Competence, communication and compassion are all key features of a good dentist,” says Dr. John Luther, chief dental officer for Western Dental, a large Orange, California–based dental management organization serving 220 locations.

“Dentists should facilitate an open dialogue with their patients to fully address their needs and concerns,” Luther adds. And that includes understanding “your full medical history, since oral health is an important component of whole-body health care.”

Communication styles or issues

Your dentist also needs to be able to communicate so that you can understand what’s happening. For example, "if English isn't your first language, do you need a translator ? In my practice, I have a lot of patients who are Japanese," Cooper says, and although these patients "speak English perfectly well out in the world," when it comes to the specific or technical vocabulary of health care, having a translator to convey this information in a patient's native language can facilitate better understanding.

Professional affiliations and accolades

As a spokesperson for the ADA, Cooper also encourages people to look for dentists who are members of the American Dental Association. The ADA represents more than 162,000 member dentists across the United States and Puerto Rico.

"The ADA requires that their members make certain promises," Cooper says. "Those are promises that are critical for patients but they're also critical in helping to determine whether a dentist is a good dentist."

These promises include:

• Preserving patients' rights to be involved in making decisions about their treatment.
• Doing no harm.
• Staying current with dental science and developments in treatment options through continuing education, professional groups and research studies.
• Offering appropriate technology and medical innovations.
• Providing patients the highest quality care.
• Being fair and not discriminating against individuals from any walk of life.
• Being as truthful and honest as possible with every patient.

Preventive care emphasis

“A good dentist will also prioritize and underscore the important of preventive care,” Luther says, such as regular checkups and fluoride treatments. And “when oral health issues do arise, they’ll ensure that their patients know the full scope of their treatment options.”

He adds that preventive care is a key component of how dentists support overall health and wellness. “Dental caries, also known as cavities, are by far the most common condition seen by dentists, along with gum disease, which occurs in around 40% of adults. Oral cancer is not as frequently seen but is often life-threatening and needs immediate intervention. The good news is that all these conditions are preventable with regular dental care both at home and at the dentist’s office.”

What to Know Before Your First Visit

Luther recommends arriving at your first visit with a new dentist with a list of any over-the-counter or prescription medications you’re taking, “even if they aren’t directly related to oral health” and your medical history.

You should also expect to spend a little longer at the office than you will during follow up appointments. “A good dentist will take the time to collect all dental and historic health information in order to provide the best care and may even perform a dental cleaning at the initial appointment,” Luther says.

Why Dental Health Matters

Being sure you're getting adequate dental care regularly is important for longevity and overall wellness. Although dental health can sometimes be overlooked (many health insurance plans don't even include dental coverage). Oral health is a key component of overall health .

Problems that originate in your mouth can have lasting repercussions for the rest of your body. Poor oral health has been connected with several conditions and diseases, including:

• Endocarditis, which is an infection of the inner lining of the heart. 
• Cardiovascular disease .
• In pregnant people, premature birth and low birth weight of the baby.

It's a two-way street between oral and overall health, and certain diseases, can all negatively impact your oral health. These include:

• Alzheimer's and other dementias .
• Eating disorders .
• Certain autoimmune diseases such as  rheumatoid arthritis .
• Osteoporosis .

A good dentist can spot signs of cancer and other diseases before other doctors might and can help keep small problems from becoming big ones. That's why regular checkups are so important. "The most frustrating part (of being a dentist) is seeing patients who had very manageable dental problems but who let them grow into bigger problems. By the time they have treatment, the problem involves much more expense and time to treat, or it's gotten to the point where the tooth is not restorable ," Cooper says.

The common misconception that "if it doesn't hurt, then you can wait to address it," isn't the best way to approach dental health. "If you wait until it hurts, invariably the treatment is going to be more extensive and expensive," she says.

Practice Good Oral Hygiene Every Day

In all cases, maintaining good oral hygiene is an important way for you to reduce the chances of developing oral health problems. This means:

• Brushing your teeth at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste .
• Flossing daily.
• Eating a  healthy diet .
• Replacing your toothbrush every three to four months.
• Avoiding smoking and tobacco use.
• Scheduling regular checkups and cleanings with your dentist.

Because "dental health is such an important part of your overall health. It's important to find a dental home," whether you're dealing with a serious condition or just need routine cleanings and X-rays, Cooper says. Finding the right dentist for you might not be the easiest thing to do, especially within the constraints of insurance, but advocating for yourself and looking for a dentist you can trust is a process that will pay health dividends down the road.

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The U.S. News Health team delivers accurate information about health, nutrition and fitness, as well as in-depth medical condition guides. All of our stories rely on multiple, independent sources and experts in the field, such as medical doctors and licensed nutritionists. To learn more about how we keep our content accurate and trustworthy, read our  editorial guidelines .

Cooper is a dentist in private practice in New York City and a spokesperson for the American Dental Association.

Luther is chief dental officer for Western Dental, a large Orange, California–based dental management organization serving 220 locations.

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For more than 40 years, kaiser permanente northwest has been helping keep our members thriving with healthy smiles and dental care that connects seamlessly to their health plans. prevention is at the core of our philosophy, and we want to help you achieve and maintain a healthy smile. we combine dental, medical, pharmacy, and insurance services to help make health care simpler and more convenient., integrated care to help support your total health.

Did you know that Kaiser Permanente members with both medical and dental coverage weigh less, smoke less, and visit the emergency department less often? 1 Our electronic health record system helps our doctors and dentists work closely together to help prevent illness, help manage chronic conditions, and help you stay healthy.

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Members can take advantage of our virtual dentistry options, like email, phone visits, and video visits. 3,4,5 Virtual dental visits let you talk to your care team about your dental symptoms and dental history and get advice for next steps — all without leaving your home. Plus, virtual dental care comes with no copay and is fully integrated with your entire care team and electronic health record.

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Health Begins in the Mouth | Dr. Mark Burhenne

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Bonded Teeth: Procedure, Cost, Pros/Cons, & Pictures

Get Dr. B’s Dental Health Tips

Reasons for bonded teeth, prep for bonding, the procedure, how much does teeth bonding cost, the good stuff, the drawbacks, taking care of bonded teeth, how long will my bonding last, bonding vs. veneers vs. crowns vs. fillings, key takeaways: bonded teeth.

Dental bonding for teeth can be one of the most cost-effective and least invasive cosmetic alternatives your dentist offers for cracked, discolored, or chipped teeth .

In this easy procedure, your dentist will use a resin matching the color of your teeth to improve the appearance of teeth. It costs less than veneers, crowns, and even some professional whitening procedures.

We cover a description of this procedure, costs, what to expect, and how to care for your bonded teeth.

What is teeth bonding?

Teeth bonding is one of the simplest dental procedures used to repair natural teeth. It’s perfect for small corrections or fixing a broken/chipped spot on your tooth to visibly preserve your natural tooth structure.

While similar in some ways to other cosmetic alternatives, dental bonding is a less invasive, less expensive and in some ways, a more versatile process. Most of the time, no anesthesia or numbing agents are needed.

Your dentist will use dental resin to fill in holes, correct spots of discoloration, and generally improve the shape of a tooth.

Here’s how it works:

• First, s/he will gently “sand” your teeth so that the bonding is better able to attach to your teeth.
• Next, your dentist will etch the teeth and apply a bonding agent in liquid form and a conditioning lotion to your teeth.
• The resin is applied to the teeth, which your dentist will then shape and mold to correct the cosmetic issue and form the desired shape of the tooth. This may be done with a rotary instrument that sculpts the filling resin with a drill.
• Using an ultraviolet light at a specific frequency, the dentist will harden the resin.
• Small adjustments can be made immediately after hardening the resin before it fully sets.

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Dental bonding is a reparative option for broken, chipped, or decaying teeth. Composite resin material can be formed into almost any size or shape needed to cover a portion of the tooth.

This makes teeth bonding a very popular option, especially when a small number of teeth, or even one tooth, needs repair.

Teeth bonding is done for a number of reasons:

• To repair a cracked, broken, or chipped tooth while leaving the rest of the tooth intact
• To change the shape of a tooth or teeth
• As a cavity repair (it’s a more natural-looking material than silver amalgam fillings)
• To protect a tooth’s root exposed from receding gums
• To cover a discolored tooth, match the color or shade to the natural teeth around it
• To close spaces between teeth

Bonding Procedure: What to Expect

Once you and your dentist have decided teeth bonding is your best option, the remaining prep is a breeze!

Your dentist will examine your natural teeth and explore options. S/he will use a shade guide to explore composite resin colors, then choose the best to match your natural teeth.

Did you notice something missing, that’s normally an expected part of most dental work?

No anesthesia!

Unless the bonding includes filling a cavity, or the damaged area of the tooth is near sensitive nerves, numbing is not necessary.

Your dentist will use an instrument to roughen the surface of the tooth where the dental bonding will be placed. S/he may also apply a conditioning lotion. This is all done to help the bonding adhesive attach to the tooth.

The second step is to etch the tooth and apply the bonding agent. Sometimes, these steps are separate but are often performed at the same time. If they’re done separately, the tooth will be etched first.

Next, s/he will apply the composite resin to the desired area. The material is a putty-like resin so it can be molded and shaped correctly into the damaged part of your tooth.

Once the dentist is satisfied with placement, s/he will use a special light (also known as a curing light) to cure, or harden, the resin in place.

When the putty-like resin has hardened, you’re ready for finishing touches: final shaping and trimming of the hardened resin material and polishing to match the rest of the tooth surface and surrounding teeth.

Dental bonding takes about 10-30 minutes per tooth and may last as long as an hour if multiple teeth are bonded at once.

Once the resin has set, a bonded tooth can be treated the same as a regular tooth. Keep in mind that you should avoid staining foods or beverages (coffee, tobacco, berries, etc.) for 48 hours after the procedure to prevent discoloration.

Aftercare of bonded teeth is no different than standard oral health habits, like brushing and flossing.

The price of teeth bonding in the United States ranges from $100 to $600 per tooth, depending on where you live.

It’s important to check with your insurance company to see if the procedure is covered.

Pros and Cons of Bonded Teeth

• Bonding is one of the least expensive cosmetic dental procedures.
• The process will usually only require a single visit to complete (unless multiple teeth or cavities are involved).
• There is, in most cases, no need for anesthesia.
• Tooth prep for dental bonding doesn’t require as much tooth enamel removal as porcelain veneers.
• Teeth whitening can be done with bonded teeth, but you should consult your dentist beforehand.
• One big disadvantage of dental bonding is that composite resin isn’t as stain-resistant as the material used for say, dental veneers or crowns. Coffee, tea, and red wine may affect the color over time, as will cigarette smoking.
• Bonding will not usually last as other treatments such as fillings, dental veneers or crowns and must be redone every 5-10 years.
• Bonding materials can break and/or chip more easily than porcelain veneers.
• Dental bonding is not ideal for all your teeth; it’s most effective on teeth with less direct biting/chewing, like the front teeth.

Great oral hygiene is so important, whether you have cosmetic procedures done to your teeth or not.

Since bonding material is susceptible to staining, oral hygiene is extremely important.

Some folks ask about using teeth whitening products/procedures on bonded teeth. It is possible to whiten bonded teeth without damaging them, but you should definitely speak with your dentist before trying any products.

To take the best care of your bonded teeth:

• Floss at least once a day.
• Brush your teeth in the morning, before bed, and 30-45 minutes after eating/drinking any sugary, starchy, or acidic foods or drinks.
• Scrape your tongue before brushing.
• Don’t vape, smoke, or use any other forms of tobacco.
• Consider cutting back on highly staining beverages and foods, like coffee and wine, as they are more likely to stain your bonded teeth.
• Talk to your dentist about a night guard, especially if you grind your teeth. This guard can protect the sensitive bonded fillings.

Although I wouldn’t classify the resin material as fragile (because it’s not), there are some things you should avoid to get the longest life out of bonded teeth:

• Fingernail biting
• Chewing on ice or pens, or opening any package with your mouth — your teeth should only interact with foods and drinks
• Smoking — the chemicals in cigarettes adversely affect your saliva production, which increases the formation of plaque and tartar on your teeth and gums. Smoking also interferes with blood circulation, which, in turn, affects the formal function of gum tissue. Smoking also causes staining to teeth, whether your natural teeth or those repaired by bonding, dental veneers, crowns.

Most tooth bonding will last anywhere from 3-10 years, depending on which teeth are bonded and how well you care for them. There is ongoing research about the products used in the dental bonding process, with hopes of further improving the materials most commonly used.

While all the options listed here are used to improve the appearance of damaged/decayed teeth, there are some differences to consider and discuss with your dentist.

Bonding vs. Veneers: Bonding is a more ideal option for small imperfections or damage to a few teeth. Bonding is less expensive, due in part to the use of less durable material. Bonding is also a less invasive process, usually only requiring a single visit to your dentist to complete.

Veneers are a permanent change to your teeth that cannot be undone. Whereas veneers require the removal of an entire layer of tooth enamel, bonding only requires some roughening of a particular area of your tooth. They are also longer lasting and less resistant to breaks, chips or stains.

Bonding vs. Crowns: Tooth bonding is most suited to small areas of a tooth or teeth that require repair. Probably the most notable difference in these two procedures is that crowns are recommended to protect larger areas of a tooth.

Crowns can absorb biting better than bonding material, and will typically have a longer lifespan than bonding. Of these two options, bonding is the least expensive.

Bonding vs. Fillings: While dental fillings can be done for cosmetic purposes, they are generally used to address tooth decay, whereas bonding is a great solution for small chips, cracks or breaks that aren’t the result of decay. Technically, though, bonding material can be used as filling material.

The cost of bonding a single tooth is more expensive than filling a single tooth. However, both these procedures are likely covered by insurance, which should help with the decision.

Is teeth bonding covered by insurance?

Many dental insurance policies have coverage for at least a portion of dental procedures like bonding. Ask your dentist’s finance office to check your policy.

What do bonded teeth look like?

Here are just some of the transformations dental bonding can provide to your smile.

https://www.instagram.com/p/BxRrIUgBObh/?utm_source=ig_embed&utm_medium=loading

https://www.instagram.com/p/BfRBSNLnZyf/?utm_source=ig_embed&utm_medium=loading

https://www.instagram.com/p/B2P5vDmhg0a/?utm_source=ig_embed&utm_medium=loading

Are there risks to bonding teeth?

There are no known major health risks to bonded teeth. If you notice sharp edges or any changes in your bite after a bonding procedure, call your dentist right away to correct these issues.

It is possible for bonding to chip or break off of teeth, particularly if you’re using your teeth for non-food things (chewing on ice, etc.) or chew on very hard candy.

Whether shaping up a slightly crooked smile or seeking repair of some cracked or damaged teeth, dental bonding is a great option for many reasons:

• It is one of the least expensive cosmetic procedures to repair damaged teeth.
• The process is less invasive than crowns, porcelain veneers, or fillings, and affects less of the surface of the tooth.
• Anesthesia is almost never required.
• Bonding usually only requires a single visit to complete, unless several teeth or cavities are involved.
• Most dental insurance policies offer coverage for bonding.
• Taking care of your bonded teeth is basically the same good as good dental care — brush and floss regularly, scrape your tongue, and don’t skip dental visits.
• Cardoso, M. V., de Almeida Neves, A., Mine, A., Coutinho, E., Van Landuyt, K., De Munck, J., & Van Meerbeek, B. (2011). Current aspects on bonding effectiveness and stability in adhesive dentistry. Australian dental journal, 56, 31-44. Full text: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1834-7819.2011.01294.x
• Peutzfeldt, A. (1997). Resin composites in dentistry: the monomer systems. European journal of oral sciences, 105(2), 97-116. Abstract: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9151062
• Breschi, L., Mazzoni, A., Ruggeri, A., Cadenaro, M., Di Lenarda, R., & Dorigo, E. D. S. (2008). s, 24(1), 90-101. Abstract: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17442386

About Mark Burhenne, DDS

I’m on a mission to empower people everywhere with the same evidence-based, easy-to-understand dental health advice that my patients get. You can read my story here. I have been a dentist in private practice for 35 years. I graduated from the Dugoni School of Dentistry in San Francisco, CA in 1987 and am a member of the American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine (AADSM), Academy of General Dentistry (Chicago, IL), American Academy for Oral Systemic Health (AAOSH), and Dental Board of California.

Dr. Mark is the author of the best-selling book 8-Hour Sleep Paradox

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Extractions and Dentures in the Same Day: Are You a Candidate?

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Medically Reviewed By Colgate Global Scientific Communications

Feel you’re never fully dressed without a smile? But you’re scheduled to have your teeth pulled and your dentures won’t be ready for six weeks?

To fill the gap in time – and in your mouth – teeth removal and denture insertion on the same day could let you dress up with a smile without missing a beat. Before you commit to the same-day extraction-and-dentures process, learn what to expect as well as the pros and cons. Plus, find out if you’d be a good candidate for immediate dentures.

What Are Immediate Dentures?

If you want to walk into your dental office to have your teeth extracted and walk out the same day with a brand new smile, immediate dentures can come to your rescue. Also known as temporary dentures , these prosthetics can benefit you after your extraction and before your permanent dentures are ready.

Your temporary dentures can be ready for you immediately after your teeth extraction if you're willing to go through a four-five visit process with your dental professionals, notes The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics . Here’s what to expect during the extraction-and-temporary dentures process:

• If advised, your oral surgeon will typically extract your back molars weeks before pulling the rest of your teeth. Then, by the time you receive your temporary dentures, these sections of your gums will have healed.
• Your dental professional will take bite impressions, measure the dimensions of your mouth, and assess your tooth shade.
• Based on the information gathered, your dental pro will create your temporary dentures to mimic the shape and color of your natural teeth (or tooth).
• After your teeth extraction , you’ll be fitted for permanent dentures. Then, you’ll receive your already prepared temporary dentures.
• You can keep smiling while your permanent dentures are created.

Immediate Dentures: Pros and Cons

Advantages await if you receive immediate dentures post-extraction, but some potential disadvantages are associated with immediate dentures.

• Protecting extraction sockets and reducing bleeding during the healing process
• Preventing jaw atrophy and taking care of other oral issues
• Eliminating the extended gap of time without teeth
• Avoiding any self-consciousness and awkward social occasions
• Maintaining your self-esteem and your current lifestyle
• Allowing adjustments to eating, talking, and carrying on with life with dentures sooner rather than later
• Paying extra costs for basically two sets of dentures
• Experiencing discomfort as temp dentures might loosen over time as gums heal and shrink
• Making multiple dental appointments both before and after receiving temp dentures, especially as if they need refitting as gums heal and shrink
• Not seeing how the dentures will look before placement

Did you know? If you find yourself without teeth, know that you’re not alone. The Journal of the American Dental Association (JADA) reports total tooth loss among nearly 10 percent of adults age 65 or older, with more than 33 percent of adults in that age group having lost six or more teeth. And 32 percent of adults age 18-64 have lost teeth.

Are You a Candidate for Immediate Dentures?

Even if immediate dentures seem to be a good fit for you, they might not be a suitable option. According to studies in the Journal of Research in Dentistry and the International Journal of Scientific Research, this might be due to the complexity of the treatment or if additional oral procedures are needed.

Your dentist, your oral surgeon, and your other dental professionals will consider these factors before preparing for you to get immediate dentures after extraction:

• Your emotional health and mental state
• Certain oral health conditions, including an unbalanced bite, bone loss, or acute gum disease
• Dealing with a debilitating disease,
• Undergoing radiation or chemotherapy treatment
• Experiencing blood clotting or cardiac issues

If you need any teeth removed but want to maintain a seamless smile and tooth function, getting extractions and dentures at the same time might be a viable solution. Even though it might be what you wear from ear to ear that matters, know what to expect, what the pros and cons are, and what your dental professionals say before committing to the same-day procedure.

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Do I need a Crown after a Root Canal?

Sometimes patients ask – Do I need a crown after a root canal ? They wonder if it’s enough to just see the endodontist. Like many questions patients ask, the answer is nuanced. In short, it depends on the condition of your tooth, the location in your mouth, and your preferences. We’re going to dig into all of these in this blog post, so stay tuned — because we believe in empowering our patients.

Please keep in mind this article isn’t a substitute for professional advice. As you read, you will notice we point out that so much varies by the individual patient, and their individual tooth. We hope it opens your eyes to some of the tooth restoration options that may be available to you after a root canal. At the end of the day, we recommend you see your dental care provider to help pick the right choice for you.

Most patients find that a root canal offers relief from the pain, tenderness, and sensitivity they have been experiencing that led them to see their dentist. In the hands of a skilled professional, a root canal combined with the most appropriate restoration methods can restore wellness and balance to your mouth. You’ll be smiling again in no time!

Before taking a deep dive into the topic of restoration methods, it may help to understand a few basic details about what happens during a root canal. Keep in mind that the goal of any endodontic treatment is to preserve and restore natural teeth as much as possible.

How a Root Canal Impacts the Tooth’s Structure

During a root canal , your dentist or endodontist opens the tooth with a small hole and thoroughly cleans it inside; after removing the damaged dental pulp, the dentist re-fills and then seals the tooth. In other words, a root canal removes infection and saves a tooth from further damage and decay.

People turn to root canals after the inside is damaged, inflamed, or infected. It is usually the best alternative to losing the tooth. A successful root canal removes the decayed and damaged material, including enamel, pulp, and dentin. The dentist then refills the cavity with a composite material, porcelain, gold, silver, or another dental-grade material.

However, sometimes decay or cracks (such as due to forces of mastication, or chewing) can cause teeth, including those that have had a root canal, to be weaker and be more vulnerable to damage. If you’re wondering, do I need a crown after my root canal, your dentist may recommend a crown or other type of restoration after the procedure to protect the tooth.

When Is a Crown Essential?

Often a dentist needs to fit a crown over the tooth to reduce the risk of fracture or cracks . Many patients are happy with their dental crowns because they enhance the appearance of their teeth. After all, who doesn’t love a beautiful set of pearly whites?

The location of a root canal makes a difference in terms of whether a crown makes sense for you. For instance, grinding your teeth puts extra stress on them. Since many people grind their back teeth, those teeth usually need a crown to protect them from being ground down.

This is especially important if you happen to grind your teeth when stressed. While a mouthguard can help reduce the risk of fracture, a crown adds strength and reinforcement.

The Journal of Conservative Dentistry reported some debate whether crowns are essential even for the back teeth. This study found that back teeth, like molars, with crowns are less likely to crack or fracture in the years following the root canal. So your dentist may be especially likely to recommend a crown if you’ve just had a molar root canaled.

Benefits of Placing a Crown After a Root Canal

Sometimes a crown is unnecessary, but even when it is, there are still numerous benefits:

• A crown reinforces a fragile and vulnerable tooth.
• A crown can improve the appearance of a small, unevenly shaped, or discolored tooth.
• Studies found those rear teeth last longer after a root canal.
• A crown helps diminish sensitivity in the case of partial root canals.
• A crown adds security by reinforcing your teeth against the stress of grinding, chewing, and clenching.

Whenever possible, see a dental professional who follows modern best practices and uses cutting-edge technology. Your endodontist or dentist should be able to discuss whether a crown or other treatment option would better suit your needs.

If you and your dental team agree that a crown is your best option, get advice on the timeframe for applying the crown. Placing the crown typically requires at least one more visit to a dental professional. Also, be sure to follow any specific instructions your dental provider gives you, just like you would with any other medical procedure.

When is a Crown Less Likely to Be Necessary?

Without a doubt, there are many benefits to getting a protective crown after a root canal. While crowns offer reinforcement and security, they are not always necessary, and they might not always be the best option for your tooth. When considering whether your tooth needs a crown, your dental team will consider the overall condition of the tooth and where it is located.

Sometimes the front teeth might not need the extra protection that a crown offers. For example, incisors and canine teeth that are still intact may not need a crown. Also, if the tooth is still in good condition after the root canal is complete, a crown may be unnecessary. Teeth that are lower risk may only need composite fillings or a strong, permanent seal. Always talk with your dental team for guidance and to learn about your restoration options.

In recent years, the field of dentistry has advanced, particularly when it comes to technology. That means there are more options for restoring your teeth after a root canal than there have ever been before. This is an exciting time for dentists and their patients!

Next Steps: Visit a Qualified Endodontist

Whether your tooth is protected by a crown or not, remember you still want to prevent future decay. Follow your dentist’s oral hygiene advice and brush and floss daily. Also, stay current with your screening and professional cleaning appointments so your dentist can monitor the health of your teeth.

If you need a root canal, please consider seeing an endodontist. An endodontist is a dentist who specializes in saving and restoring natural teeth. Typically, an endodontist performs at least 25 root canals weekly compared to a general dentist who may perform just two root canals a week, according to the American Association of Endodontists .

The team at Ballantyne Endodontics proudly serves the Charlotte, North Carolina area. We love seeing our patients smile and strive to help the Charlotte community maintain their natural teeth throughout their lives.

If you need a root canal, feel free to call us to learn more or schedule a consultation . Also, consider asking your dentist for a referral. Contact Ballantyne Endodontics today.

4 Types of Permanent Dentures

In this article

If your dentist has recommended dentures (false teeth), you’re not alone. More than 40 million Americans use dentures. 1 They’re a common treatment for people who’ve had their teeth removed.

Permanent, or fixed dentures, are one of many tooth replacement options to consider. Whether you need to replace just a few teeth or are in need of full mouth restoration, dentures can help.

This article covers what different types of permanent dentures cost and the pros and cons of each. As always, it’s important to consult with your dentist to determine the best type of dentures for you.

What are Permanent Dentures?

Permanent dentures are false teeth that are attached to the jaw via dental implants . These dentures are an alternative to removable (traditional) dentures for missing teeth . 

Permanent dentures look and feel just like natural teeth. There is no risk of them shifting or falling out, and they can’t accidentally be misplaced. They’re made with various dental materials, including acrylic, nylon, porcelain, resin, or metal.

Partial permanent dentures are also available as implants. They can be placed where you need them, whether it’s just one missing tooth or many.

What’s the Difference Between Permanent and Traditional Dentures?

Unlike traditional dentures, permanent dentures are held in place by dental implants. The implants make permanent dentures stable. They allow the patient to chew, talk, and smile more easily than with removable dentures.

4 Types of Permanent Dentures  

The seven most common types of permanent dentures include:

1. Complete or Full Dentures

Complete dentures, also called full dentures , are full-coverage oral prosthetic devices. They replace an entire arch of missing teeth. A dentist will use a plastic base that supports a complete set of plastic or porcelain teeth to make complete dentures. 

A dentist then uses a sealant or bone grafting to hold the dentures in the mouth. Complete dentures can also be held in place by attaching to dental implants. 

2. Partial Dentures

Partial dentures are removable yet natural-looking dental appliances. They help restore the jaw’s form and function by replacing one or several missing teeth. To create partial dentures, a specialist creates a plastic base or a metal framework. This framework is held in the mouth by clasps and rests around your natural teeth.

3. Overdentures

Snap-on dentures are also called implant-supported dentures or overdentures . They are held in place by the remaining teeth or metal posts implanted in the jawbone. Unlike conventional dentures, snap-in dentures are more stable and versatile.

4. All-on-4 Implant Dentures

All-on-4 dental implants support an entire arch of teeth, with just four implants. They’re also called full arch dental implant bridges. These replacement teeth look and feel identical to natural teeth and function the same.

Permanent Denture Alternatives

Permanent dentures aren’t right for everyone. Here are some alternative dental restorations to replace missing or weakened teeth:

Permanent Dental Bridges

A permanent dental bridge is an appliance that replaces a missing tooth or missing teeth. A dental bridge is made up of several pieces fused to fit into the open space where the teeth used to be.

Dental Crowns

A dental crown is a tooth-shaped cap that covers a weakened or damaged natural tooth. It provides support to a weak or damaged tooth. A tooth that is weakened and can’t withstand the force required to chew might also need a crown.

Dental Implants

Dental implants are screw-shaped devices placed into the jawbone as artificial tooth roots. They are usually made of titanium. After an implant is inserted, a dental crown is placed on top to restore the tooth’s crown. 

How Much Do Permanent Dentures Cost?

The cost of permanent dentures ranges from $15,000 to $28,000, with an average cost of $21,500. 9 Note that these prices are for a single arch, which is an upper or lower denture. If you need to replace all your teeth, double the prices.

The cost of permanent dentures varies based on several factors, including:

• Denture materials used
• How many implants are required
• The cost of living where your dentist is located
• Any additional dental work you may need before getting dental implants
• Whether or not you have a dental insurance plan that covers implant-supported dentures

What Additional Costs Are Associated With Permanent Dentures?

Because permanent dentures attach to surgically-placed dental implants, there may be additional tests and procedures involved. 

Depending on your needs, additional procedures may include: 9

• Oral evaluation — $50 to $200
• X-ray — $100 to $250
• Tooth extraction — $200 to $700 
• Bone graft procedure — $350 to $1,000
• General anesthesia — About $250 per 15 minutes

Does Insurance Cover Permanent Dentures?

Dental insurance may help cover part of the cost of permanent dentures. A full-coverage dental plan covers primary restorative care, including bridges, crowns, and dentures.

However, many dental plans don’t cover implants because they’re considered cosmetic treatments. Still, it’s worth calling your insurance company to see how they can help reduce your out-of-pocket expenses for implant-supported dentures.

Other Ways to Help Cover the Cost of Permanent Dentures

Even if your insurance plan covers dentures, they’ll probably only pay for half the total cost. 7 Here are some ideas to help you save more money on permanent dentures:

• Discuss payment plans with your dentist
• Compare prices at different dentist’s offices
• Ask your dentist about alternate financing options

Pros and Cons of Permanent Dentures

If you’re considering permanent dentures, you should weigh the positives and negatives before deciding.

Pros of Permanent Dentures

• Offer a permanent solution 
• Look more natural than temporary dentures
• More comfortable for chewing, smiling, and speaking
• They prevent your bone from deteriorating
• They last longer than other types of dental treatment

Cons of Permanent Dentures

• Can be costly
• They require surgery
• Can cause pain, swelling, and bruising from the surgical process of placing titanium rods
• Requires that implants be changed every decade
• They require sufficient bone density and good overall health
• They’re more challenging to clean than conventional dentures because of the additional parts from the implants

Permanent dentures are surgically placed into the jawbone with dental implants. Complete and partial dentures come in removable or fixed forms. Overdentures and all-on-4 implant dentures are permanent (fixed to the jawbone).

Permanent dentures are more comfortable and natural-looking than removable dentures. However, they’re more expensive, and the healing time is longer. Not everyone is a candidate for permanent dentures .

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Related pages.

Partial Dentures: Costs & Types

Medically Reviewed by Khushbu Gopalakrishnan

Types of Dentures & Indicators for Treatment

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Choosing the Best Dentures for Your Needs

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Implant Supported Dentures

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Valplast Partial Dentures

Medically Reviewed by Nandita Lilly

Types of Dentures & Causes for Treatment

• “ U.S. Population: Do You Use Dentures? ” Statista Research Department, 2022.
• “ Complete Denture .” ScienceDirect, 2017. 
• “ Dental Crowns .” National Library of Medicine, 2022.
• “ Dentures .” National Library of Medicine, 2018.
• “ Dentures .” American Dental Association, nd.  
• “ Full Coverage Dental Insurance .” Cigna, nd. 
• Williams, G. “ How to Save on Dentures .” U.S. News & World Report, 2019.
• “ Implant Overdentures, Introduction .” Foundation for Oral Rehabilitation, nd. 
• Hattaway, R, and Stewart, M. “ How much do dental implants cost in 2023? ” Authority Dental, 2023.

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12 Types of Perms, Explained

Discover which perm is best for your hair type.

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When thinking about perms, the images that come to mind span from ’80s Jheri curl mullets to Carrie Bradshaw's infamous curls in the early ’90s. But these permed styles are not just a thing of the past. Permanent solutions are back on the scene, making waves of all shapes and sizes and catering to every hair type. Whether you have limp, fine strands that crave body and volume, or are simply looking to avoid a plethora of product buildup to keep your hair's movement intact, there is a perm out there to solve your hair woes.

"Most perms work best on virgin or healthy hair, however, you can perm pretty much any hair type as long as the hair is not compromised from bleaching, previous perms, or the use of other harsh chemicals such as relaxers and so on," says hairstylist Mateo Lara.

We tapped Lara and hairstylist Briana Dunning to explain every type of perm there is.

Meet the Expert

• Briana Dunning is a hairstylist specializing in body wave perms at STRIIIKE Salon in Beverly Hills, CA.
• Mateo Lara is a hairstylist specializing in multi-textured perms at Benjamin , a salon in West Hollywood, CA.

Keep reading to learn what the experts have to say about the various perms available and which one may be best for you.

Body Wave Perm

For individuals who want to achieve body and texture to the hair, a body wave is the perm for you, according to Lara. "Body waves offer a softer, more natural-looking wave," adds Dunning. "It can also provide added texture and longer-lasting blowouts."

To create these effortless, natural-looking waves, "normally larger rods are used to create the look, giving it less of a curl," Lara explains. Larger rods and a more mild solution are the keys to this perm giving you that loose, desirable movement. The ideal hair type for this treatment? "Anyone with straight hair or inconsistent waves who wants to have more texture or wants to get a soft, natural wave," says Dunning.

Spiral Perm

"Depending on the density of the hair, spiral perms with their spiral-shaped curls are going to give medium-maximum volume," Dunning explains. The rods used for spiral perms are usually on the smaller side and applied vertically rather than horizontally. "The curls are normally tighter and last longer due to the thinner perm rods used," says Lara. "This will give a fuller, longer look to the hair."

If you're considering an all-over, voluminous curl pattern à la Sarah Jessica Parker circa 1990, the spiral is the perm for you.

Multi-Textured Perm

Dunning tells us that if you're someone with straight or wavy hair and you're looking for movement that's less uniform, with more of a natural-looking curl, you're likely striving to get the look of a multi-textured perm. Inconsistency in the curl size is what makes it look so effortless and natural.

"Multi-textured perms are my absolute favorite," says Lara, who specializes in the look. "These perms use a combination of different-size rods to create that more believable, natural-looking curl." The results are a very perfectly imperfect, natural type of movement.

Straight Perm

Not all perms are curly. The catch that differs a straight perm from other straightening treatments? Well, it's permanent. (Hence its name).

"This isn’t something people normally ask for anymore," says Lara. "They tend to do a keratin treatment or Brazilian blowout instead." While a keratin treatment or a Brazilian blowout is a semi-permanent option with a shorter lifespan that smoothes over the cuticle, a straight perm is actually entering the hair shaft and altering the bonds of the hair for a longer-lasting effect. "A straight perm is great for someone with curly or frizzy hair who wants it to be straight and smooth," says Dunning.

"There are two main types of straight perms," she says, noting that their differences lie in the type of chemical formula that's used. One formula that's "thio"-based, "is ideal for those with type 2a (wavy/curly) to 3c (curly/coily) hair," Dunning explains. "Then there's a sodium hydroxide formula, which is the better option for types 3b (curly/coily) to 4c (kinky/coily)."

Once you've tried either one of these solutions to get the straightened hair you've always longed for, Dunning warns you should never try the other formula. "Even if it’s just on the ends or you feel that it’s been a 'long time,' those chemicals are still in there and can have devastating effects, basically making the hair melt—think Nair hair removal," says Dunning. No thank you. Even the decision to do a straight perm is solidified in permanence, so be sure you're ready to commit to this look for the long haul.

Stack perms typically bring to mind a very '70s look. "This is a technique in which you use different perm rod sizes and focus on the middle and lower area of the head," says Lara. Straighter and smoother at the root, a stack perm lets the party live at the ends, like Lara explains, where along with the right haircut, it provides an effortless shape to the hair.

"This used to be a popular style method for graduated bobs," says Dunning, "giving them that stacked look." This is also how the rods are applied, stacked one on top of the other, and graduating away from the scalp as they move their way up. If you have a straight bob and are looking to add a lot of volume to your ends, Dunning suggests the stack perm as your best bet. Lara, in full support, notes a stack perm will "create fullness and a layered appearance to your hair."

Root perms are on the rise, and as you can imagine, this treatment gets applied to only the roots of the hair, matching the texture of your mid-shaft and ends. The main goal of a root perm is to create volume at the roots, and it can do this on curled or straightened hair. It's particularly great for anyone who usually blow-dries their hair, Dunning notes, saying that the bump from the rod application may be more visible if you typically air-dry.

While a root perm can also be done as a touch-up to the pre-existing perm that's grown out (similar to the touch-ups you'd get with your hair color), a pre-existing perm is not required. "The root perm is for someone who has limp hair and needs volume near the base," Lara explains. "It’s also great for frizz control, and can give the hair a bouncy appearance."

Partial Perm

Partial perms, as you'd likely guess by their name, are not applied to the entire head of hair but only to designated areas. According to Lara, partial perms work best with shorter haircuts. "It’s one of my favorites perms for shorter hair, especially on men," he explains, because of its ability to add movement and texture to the top while the sides of the hair, around the ears, and the hairline remain short and tapered.

When looking for products to maintain your perm, reach for a sulfate-free, high moisture shampoo and conditioner. "I also recommend hair oil and a deep conditioning mask from time to time, as perms sometimes create dryness," says Lara.

According to Dunning, a spot perm is commonly used to create uniformity for curly-haired strands. "Often people with curls have multiple textures to their hair, including entire sections that can be entirely straight." A partial perm provides the ability to balance out those stubborn areas and better blend in with the rest of the hair's natural movement.  

When it comes to rod size and placement, "you'll end up using whatever your stylist sees to be fit for the hair type," says Lara. The spot perm is all about meeting specific, individual needs.

Digital Perm

​​According to Lara, a digital perm is created with a "salon styling stand device machine, which uses a solution that isn’t as harsh as a classic perm and also infrared heat." The machine has detachable rods that come in different sizes and achieves a natural wave or soft curls.

Dunning adds that a digital perm is "great for more coarse/resistant textures of hair to create a soft, springy wave or curl." This updated version is also more gentle on the hair but the heat element helps to give a defined wave on more resistant hair.

Volumizing Perm

"A volumizing perm is great for individuals who don’t want curly hair necessarily but want a wave, body, and bounce to their hair," says Lara. To achieve this look, do the same steps as a classic perm minus the neutralizing, which will be done after removing the rods.

Pin Curl Perm

Usually seen on bobs and shorter hairstyles, a pin curl perm is when hair is wrapped in paper, creating the desired curl pattern, and holding it in place with a flat clip. Lara says that this technique creates soft waves and gives light volume to the hair.

Beach Wave Perm

"I love doing these types of perms," says Lara of the beach wave-style perm. "I achieve this look by using longer, medium-sized foam rollers and wrapping the hair loose and in a parallel placement." For an extra beachy vibe, leave the ends out when curling.

Dunning adds that flexi-rods are used to create an effortless, natural looking wave in hair. "This is not a springy curl, it's more of a relaxed wave. The rod size determines if there is more or less movement," she says.

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Crowns - Restoring Damaged Teeth

If your tooth is damaged but not lost, a crown can be used to restore its shape, appearance and function. You may need a crown if you have a root canal, a large filling in a tooth or a broken tooth.

A crown, also called a cap, is a hollow, artificial tooth used to cover a damaged or decayed tooth. The crown restores the tooth and protects it from further damage. Crowns can also be used to cover a discoloured or misshapen tooth. A tooth that has been fixed with a crown looks and works very much like a natural tooth.

Who does this procedure?

If you need to have a tooth crowned, your dentist may do it, or he or she may refer you to a prosthodontist. A prosthodontist is a dentist who has completed a university post-graduate specialty program in prosthodontics. Prosthodontics is a specialty of dentistry that deals with restoring and replacing natural teeth and tissues with artificial substitutes.

How a crown is done

• Your dentist gives you a local anesthetic.
• To make room for the crown, your dentist files down the tooth that needs to be restored.
• An impression of the filed-down tooth and nearby teeth is taken. This impression is used to custom make your final crown. The crown is built using restorative material (material used for fillings) based on the impression. The final crown will be the right shape for your mouth.
• Until your final crown is ready, your dentist places a temporary crown over the tooth that needs to be restored. The temporary crown is made from an impression of your tooth before it was filed down. It protects your tooth until the final crown is ready. A temporary crown may not have the same shape and colour as a final crown.
• On your next visit, your dentist takes off the temporary crown and puts on the final one. Your dentist checks to make sure the crown is the right fit, shape, colour and bite. If it is, your dentist cements the crown into place.

These are the steps dentists most often follow in making a crown, but your tooth may need special care. You may need orthodontic treatment, gum treatment or root canal treatment. It may take more than 2 visits to your dentist, or your visits may last longer.

Different types of crowns

Crowns are made from various types of materials. Depending on which tooth needs a crown, your dentist will suggest a material, or combination of materials, that is right for you.

Metal crowns are made of gold. They generally last a long time and won�t chip or break. They tend not to wear down your opposing natural teeth. However, the gold colour does not look natural, particularly on front teeth.

Composite crowns look natural. They won�t chip as easily as porcelain crowns, but they tend to wear more quickly from chewing. Tooth brushing tends to remove the highly polished surface of composite crowns and this causes them to stain more easily.

Porcelain crowns look the most natural. They are more brittle than metal or composite and may chip more easily. Because of this, they are not usually placed on back teeth.

Porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns look natural and are stronger than porcelain or composite crowns. They won�t chip as easily as porcelain or ceramic crowns. However, depending on their design, the metal may show if your gums are thin or shrink.

What else should I know?

Crowns are strong and generally last for about 10 years or longer if you take good care of them. Brush and floss your crown, just like you clean your natural teeth. After flossing, roll it up in a tiny ball and put it in the garbage. Never flush floss down the toilet. Crowns may not be as strong as your natural teeth. So like your natural teeth, remember not to bite down on hard objects or use your teeth to open or cut things.

The Best Foods To Eat After A Dentist Appointment (And What To Avoid)

T wice a year, you leave your dentist's office with freshly cleaned teeth. During your visit, the dentist gives your teeth and gums a detailed inspection. This will help them catch any early signs of potential oral health issues. Additionally, you may be questioned about your dental hygiene routine; lifestyle habits; or diet, such as whether you regularly consume enamel-damaging beverages like soda or coffee.

During the cleaning itself, a dental hygienist will scrape away any visible plaque buildup with a metal device called a "scaler" before brushing your teeth using an electric toothbrush (per  Healthline ). Much like you might exfoliate your skin with a beaded facial scrub, your specialist will use flavored toothpaste with a grainy texture to further buff your teeth. You'll then receive a thorough flossing before a fluoride substance is applied directly onto the teeth. Depending on what type of fluoride treatment you receive, you may be able to grab lunch immediately following your appointment. In other cases, patients may be advised to hold off on eating for about a half hour afterward (per  Riverside Dental Care ). Once you're in the clear, however, which food items should you reach for and which ones should you pass on?

Read more: Tonsil Stones Explained: Causes, Symptoms, And Treatments

Stick With These Foods After Your Dentist Appointment

Your teeth may feel a little sensitive following a dentist appointment. For a few hours afterward, it's best to stick with foods that will be gentle on the mouth. Such examples include hard-boiled eggs, soup, yogurt, bananas, applesauce, or mashed potatoes (per Riverside Dental Care). Experts at West Coast Dental & Orthodontics further expand on this list to add oatmeal, cottage cheese, scrambled eggs, or your favorite smoothie. Ultimately, you want to go for foods that are soft, mild in flavor, and aren't too hot or cold in temperature.

Oppositely, you'll want to avoid eating anything that's too tough, crunchy, spicy, or extreme in temperature. Hot peppers, raw vegetables, chips, nuts, and popcorn are out. Similarly, refrain from eating anything too chewy or cold, like taffy or ice cream. You'll also want to reduce acid exposure to your teeth. Therefore, pickles, citrus fruits, and tomatoes are best avoided. The same goes for acidic beverages, such as soda, coffee, and wine. After a dentist appointment, water is your best friend.

Try These Other Dentist Appointment Aftercare Tips, Too

While visiting your dentist may not exactly be your favorite activity, it's vitally important to your health. Regular dental cleanings can protect against tooth decay, gum disease, tooth loss, and oral cancer (per  Monarch Dental and Orthodontics ). Teeth cleanings can also help reduce visible staining and bad breath. By keeping up with biannual dentist appointments , you can minimize the risk of more costly or severe oral health issues down the line.

In addition to following your dentist's instructions about eating post-visit, here are some additional aftercare tips to keep in mind. Wait until the day after your visit to resume flossing as normal, but keep up with brushing your teeth twice daily — preferably with an American Dental Association-approved electric toothbrush. Just remember not to be too heavy-handed while brushing as your teeth may be sensitive after a cleaning. Before doing so, however, use a mouth rinse with calcium as this will help preserve the fluoride on your teeth.

Read the original article on Health Digest .

A new type of bacteria was found in 50% of colon cancers. Many were aggressive cases.

A type of bacteria that causes dental plaque may be behind a treatment-resistant form of colorectal cancer, a study published Wednesday in the journal Nature found.

The particular bacterium, which appears to shield tumor cells from cancer-fighting drugs, was found in 50% of the tumors tested in the study. The discovery, experts say, could pave the way for new treatments and possibly new methods of screening.

Colon cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States and is expected to kill more than 53,000 people in the nation in 2024, according to the American Cancer Society . 

Rates are rising sharply among younger people: The percentage of people younger than 55 diagnosed with colon cancer almost doubled between 1995 and 2019, leaping from 11% to 20% of cases. What’s more, these cases are often diagnosed at later, more aggressive stages .

Experts are still struggling to explain the shift.

“Colorectal cancer is very treatable when caught early, but the cases in younger people are increasing and we don’t know why,” said Dr. Flavio Rocha, a surgical oncologist and physician in chief at the Oregon Health & Science University’s Knight Cancer Institute, who was not involved in the study. 

The new research doesn’t answer that question; it’s far too early to implicate this bacteria in the rise in cases in younger people . What’s more, most of the patients in the study were over the age of 50.

But the findings raise “the question as to whether there are elevated levels of this bacterium in young onset colorectal cancer which is on the rise globally for unknown reasons,” said co-lead study author Susan Bullman, an assistant professor of human biology at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center in Seattle.

Bacteria with a secret

Scientists have suspected a link between the bacteria, called Fusobacterium nucleatum, and colorectal cancer growth for almost a decade. The bacteria is usually only found in the mouth, far from the colon. 

In the mouth, it’s one of the most common types of disease-causing bacteria , linked to gum disease and plaque buildup. But it was unclear how it could withstand the journey through the gut and eventually invade tumor cells in places in the body where these types of bacteria usually don’t survive.

In the study, Bullman and her colleagues looked at the bacterial makeup of almost 200 colorectal tumors, as well as stool samples from more than 1,200 people, half of whom did not have cancer. 

What they learned was that the bacteria was a bit more complicated than once thought. Namely, it has two distinct subspecies, one of which appears to shield colorectal tumors from cancer-fighting drugs. 

“It acts like a cloak,” Bullman said. 

Normally, immune cells called T-cells recognize and attack tumor cells. But this bacteria recruits another type of immune cell into the cancer cells, one that lets them escape the T-cells.

The stealthy subspecies was present in 50% of the colorectal tumors collected in the study. The corresponding stool samples also had elevated amounts of the subspecies, compared to their healthy counterparts. 

“Patients who have high levels of this bacteria in their colorectal tumors have a far worse prognosis ,” Bullman said. “They don’t respond as well to chemotherapy and they have an increased risk of recurrence.” 

The subspecies may also cause cancer to form in the first place. 

When Bullman and her team transplanted the subspecies to mice, they appeared to cause precancerous polyps to form, one of the first warning signs of colorectal cancer, though she added that this causation hasn’t yet been proven in humans.

The researchers also found clues that may answer the question as to how Fusobacterium nucleatum can get to the colon in the first place: The bacterium appears to be able to survive the journey through the stomach, withstanding what scientists previously thought would be a toxic dose of stomach acid. 

New targets for treatment

The discovery of the subspecies has huge consequences for targeted therapies that are already underway, said Dr. Michael White, an assistant professor of colorectal surgery at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston.

“There is evidence that if you clear these bacteria, there is more response during treatment,” said White, who was not involved with the new research. Clinical trials are slated to soon test whether treating a patient with antibiotics prior to chemotherapy will induce a better response, he said.

Knowing more about which bacterial subspecies, including Fusobacterium nucleatum, are dangerous will allow for a more targeted approach, he said. 

That could potentially include prevention.

It’s possible that scientists could identify the subspecies while it’s still in the mouth and give a person antibiotics at that point, wiping it out before it could  travel  to the colon, Bullman said. Even if antibiotics can’t successfully eliminate the bacteria from the mouth, its presence there could serve as an indication that someone is at higher risk for aggressive colon cancer, she added. 

Rocha agreed. In the future, part of colorectal cancer screening could be as simple as a mouth swab, he said. 

Understanding the newly identified subspecies could also lead to the development of new antibiotics that would specifically target this bacterial subtype, rather than wiping out both forms of the bacteria or all of the bacteria in the mouth.

There’s also the possibility of harnessing the bacteria to do the cancer-fighting work. 

The subtype has already proven that it can enter cancer cells quite easily, so it might be possible to genetically modify the bacteria to carry cancer-fighting drugs directly into the tumors, Bullman said.

Researchers are just beginning to scratch the surface of the ways a person’s microbiome plays a role in the individual’s cancer risk, Rocha said, but it’s one of the most important concepts being explored in cancer research today.

Kaitlin Sullivan is a contributor for NBCNews.com who has worked with NBC News Investigations. She reports on health, science and the environment and is a graduate of the Craig Newmark Graduate School of Journalism at City University of New York.

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Scaling 4U - what does this mean?

• Thread starter alwaysworried
• Start date Nov 24, 2007

alwaysworried

• Nov 24, 2007

On my paper from the dentist, I have a few things that need work. When I was reading my form it just seemed odd. It says Scaling 4U Comp perm bi ac 2 Sur Am Perm 1 Surf Mol What does this mean? I'm from Canada and not sure if the dentists here use the same codes or not. The dentist told me what he had to do, but this looks so scary...lol Yes I am very worried about this as I am getting this done in one visit as posted on the Support section. Thanks in advance.  

Well-known member

• Nov 25, 2007

Thanks Zzz!! Now it makes sense to me. I'm going to ask my dentist what ac is for and I'll let ya know..lol. I think it may have something to do with it being in between the 2 teeth. Between the molar and the bicuspid. Make sense?  

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