reasons to travel to haiti

Hi, Haiti! 10 Reasons To Visit This Caribbean Destination

There’s no hate, just pure love in the stunning attractions of Haiti.

Haiti is a “ paradise lost ” for The New York Times, and the country presents itself as “ a land with a soul .” It is not the first destination that comes to mind when talking about a Caribbean vacation , but Haiti has a hefty share of wonders for tourists of all tastes.The country was rocked by political crises and earthquakes, but its tourism sector is slowly recovering. After all, it has more than 1,000 miles of coastline and five mountain ranges waiting for sun-worshippers and adventurous hikers alike. With pristine shores, mountainous landscapes, and a bustling metropolis, Haiti is always ready to say hi. Related: Are These Underrated Caribbean Destinations Worth Visiting?

10 The Capital Is A Cultural Hotspot

Port-au-Prince effectively introduces Haiti to travelers. Aside from its bustling cityscape, it’s a place of culture, history, and heritage. This coastal town has a charming breeze that encourages tourists to explore. For a quick history lesson, travelers can drop by the National Museum and the National Pantheon Museum. Creative souls are in for a treat as the city is home to art museums and galleries. Tourists can also peek at the ruins of the cathedral and have a shopping spree at the iconic Iron Market. Port-au-Prince is a king!

Related: The Caribbean Is More Than Just Beaches, Experience It Through These Cultural Tours

9 There Are Gingerbread Houses

It’s not the food, but Haiti is proud of its gingerbread houses . These architectural wonders can be seen in many parts of the country, but the most beautiful ones are in the capital. These structures employ Carpenter Gothic style and are known for their detailed decorative fixtures. In Port-au-Prince, sightseers can visit the still-in-use Villa Kalewès, the well-restored Maison Dufort, and Hotel Oloffson, which is surrounded by a garden. There are also gingerbread houses in Jacmel and Cap-Haitien, but wherever tourists explore, they are always welcome inside these architectural masterpieces.

8 It’s A Beach Wonderland

What else to do in a Caribbean nation? To enjoy its beaches, of course . The tropical breeze of Haiti will warm the hearts of sun-worshippers who want nothing but a blissful day. Gelée Beach is among the most popular because of its crystal-clear waters and soft sand with pastoral scenery in the background. In Jacmel, tourists can enjoy Plage Raymond-Les-Bains, which is dotted with palm trees, and Cyvadier Plage with rocky cliffs. In Jérémie, there's Anse d'Azur for those who want to explore caves and check out a sunken German U-boat. Wherever in Haiti, the beach is beautiful.

7 Its Carnival Is Marvelous

When visiting in time for the Kanaval, tourists will be welcomed by cheers, smiles, and colors. The Haitian Carnival is so vibrant it can match that of Brazil. The festivities are not limited to Port-au-Prince as the other cities also have celebrations. The carnival season starts before lent , and it has different themes every year . The event is a flood of culture, art, heritage, tradition, religion, and lifestyle that can only be experienced in Haiti. Partying has never been this good.

6 It Has A Symbolic World Heritage Site

Haiti has a stunning UNESCO World Heritage Site described as a symbol of liberty. The 19th-century Sans-Souci Palace served as the residence of Henry I, a revolutionary leader who later proclaimed himself king. The palace, the citadel, and the rest of the buildings were built by slaves after their liberation. Tourists will have an enriching journey in this landmark as they learn about the Haitians’ fight for freedom. BBC described Sans-Souci Palace best as “ one of the most remarkable attractions in the Western Hemisphere .”

5 There Are Natural Pools

The commune of Jacmel is home to a mountain where natural pools are tucked. The three pools were made possible by the pristine Petite Rivière de Jacmel and a waterfall. Its blue-green waters look enticing in photos, more so when tourists are out there – hugged by the lush scenery. The pools are so inviting that even those who plan not to swim will take a dip anyway because they won’t want to miss playing with its waters. There are no blues in Bassin Bleu.

4 There’s A Massive Cave

Marie Jeanne Cave is the largest in Haiti , and it has 36 known chambers, with three areas open for tourists. Travelers will explore four kilometers below the surface , checking out galleries, rock formations, and critters of the cave. One of the areas is completely dark, and a guide will lead spelunkers with a torch – like Indiana Jones. A regular tour will take three hours, but explorers will leave with endless memories. For expert spelunkers, the deeper passages of Marie Jeanne Cave are enticing.

3 Voodoo Ceremonies

Voodoo is still thriving in Haiti, and tourists who want to learn more about this spiritual system and experience its traditions are in for a treat. Travelers can attend ceremonies, dances, or rituals as a way to fight the stigma against voodoo . Tourists, especially first-timers, are recommended to attend a Rada dance . They can also visit a temple, see skulls and human remains, participate in an offering ritual, observe a possession trance, listen to the drums, and just be one with the wonders of voodoo.

2 Lush National Parks

Wildlife watchers, birders, amateur botanists, and other nature lovers will enjoy exploring the mountainous areas of Haiti. La Visite National Park is a birdwatcher's paradise, while Pic Macaya has the country’s last primary forest . Wildlife watchers will enjoy exploring Grande Colline as all its species are yet to be discovered , while botany lovers can check out rare trees in the isolated Grand Bois. Divers, meanwhile, can head to the Three Bays Protected Area to be in the presence of Haiti’s underwater wonders.

1 Haitian Food Is Heavenly

Whether tourists join a culinary tour or try dishes from restaurants and hawkers they encounter, they’ll have a gastronomical adventure in Haiti. Foodies will have a fun time tasting such treats as macaroni au gratin , tchaka (traditional stew), bouillon soup, and tassot (goat meat or beef), among others. During summer, tourists must not miss the chance to try Haitian fruits like guinep (Spanish lime), kowosòl (soursop), and tamarind. From appetizers to dessert, the cuisine of Haiti will leave tourists with happy tummies.

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Should You Visit Haiti? What You Need to Know Before You Go

See recent posts by Kyle Valenta

The beach at Abaka Bay Resort , on Ile-a-Vache.

In Mumbai , travelers can take tours of the Dharavi slums. Guidebooks for Rio de Janeiro have been recommending guided walks through the mountainside favelas for years now. And every day in northern Thailand , busloads of tourists from Chiang Mai roll into villages inhabited by Kayan tribespeople, where some of the women are known for their dramatically elongated necks wrapped in metal coils. 

The disparities between the haves and have nots is an old story, and a familiar one to many travelers. However, that paradox might find its pinnacle in Haiti . For most Americans, the country’s name likely calls to mind images of shanty towns, rampant poverty, political instability, disease outbreaks, and the most cruelly aimed of natural disasters. And while those stereotypes might seem like enough to put off most travelers, the numbers tell a different story.

International travel to Haiti may very well be having a moment. According to the World Bank , from 2004 to 2014, the number of international travelers arriving in Haiti increased nearly 263 percent. When we corresponded with Regine Godefroy, a representative of the Ministere du Tourisme, she told us that this is no surprise. “The positioning of Haiti, and the slogan ‘Haiti is open for business,’ make Haiti a unique destination,” she reveals. “This new dynamic has engaged Haiti’s tourism into a new process of receiving foreign investors.” 

Indeed, major international companies like Royal Caribbean saw this potential long ago. The cruise line has been porting in Haiti since 1986. Today, its private Labadee port has developed into a full-fledged tropical getaway. With over 200 local employees, Labadee includes the world’s longest overwater zip-line course, a roller coaster, water park, and excursions to secluded beaches. 

Land-based tourism has also been on the rise, with 525 hotels located throughout the country and over 400,000 hotel stays in 2015 alone, according to Godefroy. At the moment, major hotel chains like Decameron , NH , Best Western , and Occidental all have branches across the island. Despite devastating setbacks like the 2010 earthquake and Hurricane Matthew this year, Haiti is working hard to add itself to the list of must-visit Caribbean destinations.

Hotels in this story

From Buzzing Nightlife to Picture-Perfect Beaches

Yes, there are challenges when visiting a place like Haiti. However, that is precisely what Oyster.com investigator Micah Rubin found so fascinating about his recent visit to the country. “A huge plus of traveling there is feeling like you’re in a destination waiting to be discovered,” he says. “For me, as a traveler, I want an authentic experience that’s a little rough around the edges. In Haiti, it’s possible and rewarding to meet locals and learn more about their lives and culture.”

It’s also worth noting that despite Haiti’s reputation for instability, very few travelers are crime victims. A 2013 study conducted by the Igarape Institute , a Brazil-based think tank that advocates for sustainable development, found that only around three percent of travelers were victims of crime, the vast majority of which were petty thefts. Echoing our own investigator’s experience, the study also found that travelers didn’t put the beaches or fancy shopping trips at the top of their list, but that “interactions with ordinary Haitian residents” were the biggest reward of a trip to Haiti.

According to Godefroy, most visitors to Haiti head to five areas: Port-au-Prince , Cote des Arcadins, Cap Haitien, the Kenscoff Mountains, and the town of Jacmel . That makes for an excitingly diverse array of things to do for travelers who don’t mind stepping outside traditionally comfortable notions of travel. For instance, Port-au-Prince is a frenetically paced city that’s home to sights like the jaw-droppingly sprawling Iron Market, the Musee du Pantheon National Haitien (which holds the anchor from Christopher Columbus’ ship, the Santa Maria), and the wealthy suburb of Petionville, where high-end shopping, galleries, and restaurants sit side by side. 

Quiet and calm can also be found here. Cote des Arcadins — a strip of small fishing towns, all-inclusive resorts, and stunning beaches — is only an hour or two northwest of Port-au-Prince. To the south, the historic town of Jacmel, which was originally established in the 16th century, was designated a UNESCO Creative City in 2014 to commemorate its ongoing cultural contributions and preservation of artistic traditions in the wake of the 2010 earthquake. There are also destinations like Les Cayes and Ile-a-Vache , which — until Hurricane Matthew struck — were seeing influxes of tourists drawn to the laid-back pace of life and hidden beaches. Even in the wake of the hurricane, most hotels on Ile-a-Vache are already open, including Port Morgan and the Abaka Bay Resort . 

Challenges and Ethical Questions Persist

Views of Port-au-Prince hillsides from the Occidental Royal Oasis

While Haiti has plenty of appeal, a trip there isn’t without major challenges, both logistical and ethical. According to Regine Godefroy, infrastructure is constantly being developed to connect tourist areas with population centers. However, even with ongoing investment, our investigator, Micah Rubin, found getting around to be challenging. “Roads are bumpy and, at times, traffic is terrible — especially in Port-au-Prince,” he reveals. Political instability can also play a major role in navigating the country. “Protests are a regular occurrence and roads are blockaded,” he says. “It’s a good idea — if driving — to know the language well enough to stay updated on their schedule (yes — protests are announced in advance).”

The situation has historically been volatile enough to disrupt the travel, which contributed over $500 million to Haiti’s economy as of 2014, according to the World Tourism Organization . In January 2016, “USA Today” reported that Royal Caribbean actually had to cancel stops at Labadee due to protests in advance of national elections. A similar situation occurred in the early ’90s, when cruise visits to the island ceased for four years, according to the “Miami Herald .”

Travelers should also be prepared to witness the devastation wrought by rampant income inequality, which is especially prevalent in the capital. “Economic disparity is profoundly visible in Port-au-Prince,” Rubin says. The Igarape Institute’s study notes that nearly one-fifth of travelers reported that the impacts of economic disparity were prevalent during their visit.

While international visits to Haiti are on the rise, the Igarape study reveals that nearly 70 percent of travelers to Haiti are members of the Haitian diaspora or aid workers. Within the latter camp, debate persists over just how beneficial voluntourism can be within a nation that often lacks enough supplies to feed, clothe, and shelter its own citizens. In Haiti, this can play out in unfortunate ways. The global voluntourism industry is worth up to two billion dollars per year, according to a sustainable tourism expert at Virginia Tech cited by Reuters . Unfortunately, very little of that reaches actual communities in need. In Haiti, this plays out in especially troubling ways, and writers have acknowledged that house-building initiatives by visitors staying for a week or two after the 2010 earthquake did nothing to alter the persistent effects of multi-generational poverty.

There are also some warning signs that the road to economic stability through tourism might not be so easy to achieve. According to TripAdvisor data, the growth in travelers searching for travel information on Haiti has been declining month-over-month since early 2015. As of this fall, hotel queries are down 15 percent over last year. And  as Foreign Policy reveals , there are deeply troubling effects of overzealous development in the country, and accusations of government land grabs in favor of hotel development on Ile-a-Vache have ended up in lawsuits and forced displacement. 

Despite Setbacks, Haiti Is Open for Business

The pier and beach at Royal Decameron Indigo Beach Resort & Spa , Cote des Arcadins

The one thing that is clear is that many Haitians are eager for tourists to come. When we spoke with Madame Jean-Louis of the Abaka Bay Resort in the wake of Hurricane Matthew, she wanted to make it clear that the resort was up and running within a week of the hurricane’s landfall. The same is true for its Ile-a-Vache neighbor, Port Morgan. Still, other parts of that region were not so lucky. In fact, much of the touristic development in Haiti seems to have a dual-edged nature for the time being. For all of the controversy surrounding Royal Caribbean’s choice to port in this impoverished nation, the company does partake in a number of development projects, including funding local infrastructure projects through the Pan American Development Foundation as well as establishing a 300-student school in Labadee.

When asked what she wants potential visitors to Haiti to know, Regine Godefroy insisted upon Haiti’s unique history. “Haiti is alive with beautiful white sand beaches, art, music, history, great cuisine and culture dating back 2,000 years,” she tells us. “Our mountainous country is an opportunity to see and capture the most breathtaking views and sunsets available in the Caribbean.”

Related Stories:

• 5 Caribbean Islands (Generally) Not Hit by Hurricanes
• 5 Health Disasters That Are Resurfacing Around the World
• After the Disaster: How These Popular Tourist Destinations Are Faring

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Ten things to know about visiting Haiti

Dec 28, 2015 • 5 min read

Haiti has been missing in action from the Caribbean tourism scene for years, but now it's stepping out from the shadows and proudly declaring itself one of the most distinctive and exciting countries for visitors to the region. Here are ten things you need to know.

Citadelle and Sans Souci

Haiti 's greatest gift to the world was its revolution, when it freed itself from slavery and French rule to become the world's first independent black republic. The  Citadelle la Ferrière is the revolution's most inspiring testament: a fortress that commands the jungle and farmland below from its mountain-top perch. At its foot sit the ruins of Sans Souci palace, a Versailles-in-the-tropics confection built by the revolutionary leader Henry Christophe. Together they comprise Haiti's sole Unesco World Heritage site and one of the Caribbean's truly unmissable attractions; with recent investment in visitor facilities, including a new museum, the attractions have never looked so good.

Jacmel and Carnival

The old coffee town of Jacmel on the south coast is Haiti's handicrafts capital. It's also home to the country's hottest carnival celebrations every February, when half the country seems to descend upon the town for a weekend of partying. Artisans spend half the year preparing, creating giant colorful papier-mâché sculptures for the parade, while other community groups re-enact traditional (and anarchic) street theater, all to a constant beat of Haitian rara music. You can recreate the carnival vibe at any time of year with a papier-mâché mask of your own from Jacmel's eclectic Moro  boutique.

Of all the Caribbean nations, perhaps none has a richer tradition of visual arts than Haiti. In Port-au-Prince even the heavily pimped-out and painted public transport (known locally as 'tap-taps') look like mobile art displays. The country first burst onto the international arts scene with its painters of the 1940s, and the capital abounds in galleries . But art isn't just on canvas: check out the Vodou-cyberpunk of the Grand Rue Artists , and the intricately carved and beaten metal work of the artisan village of Croix des Bouquets, just outside the capital.

Haiti makes a big point of being a unique Caribbean destination, but we shouldn't forget that it also has what attracts so many visitors to the region in the first place: fantastic beaches. Here, they have the added advantage of not having been over-developed by big-box resorts. The pick of the bunch is Port Salut on the south coast, with its miles of creamy sand and barely a tourist towel in sight – just a handful of private guesthouses and beach bars serving up rum and fish. The island of Ile-a-Vache, a short ferry ride from the city of Les Cayes, has a couple of small resorts offering a truly pampered beach-side escape.

Port-au-Prince

Port-au-Prince is a loud and hectic city. It's still recovering slowly from the 2010 earthquake, but don't expect to see any rubble – that was long cleared away. Instead, focus on its many positives. Its two biggest attractions are the national museum, Musée du Panthéon National , also known as Mupanah, and the Marché de Fer . Mupanah holds items from Haiti's history, from the anchor of one of Christopher Columbus's flagships to memorabilia from Papa Doc Duvalier. The Marché de Fer (Iron Market) is a bright Asian-influenced structure holding a busy market: shop here for everything from spices and art to Vodou paraphernalia. When you're done downtown, head up the hill to the restaurants and art galleries of the upscale neighborhood of Pétionville.

Natural wonders

The name Haiti means 'mountainous country' in the tongue of its original Taino Indian inhabitants, and within its endlessly folded landscape are hidden some of Haiti's most beautiful natural wonders. This is a country rich in waterfalls, many of which offer not just spectacle but great places to swim and picnic. Most famous are the falls at Saut d'Eau, which also attract a large number of Vodou and Catholic pilgrims every July to take its sacred waters. Equally beautiful are the cobalt-blue cascading pools of Bassins Bleu near Jacmel. Close to Port Salut you can also explore the spooky caves of Grotte Marie-Jeanne.

Food & drink

Haitian cuisine is built on the foundations of rice with beans and sauce ( diri ak sos pwa ). Add a side order of plantain, some fried or stewed meat and top it off with healthy serve of pikliz (a pickled slaw with chili) to give it a bit of bite. There's plenty of fresh seafood on the coast of course (and Haiti has a lot of coast). For dessert, the choice of fresh tropical fruit can seem endless, although the mangoes are particularly delicious in season. For drinks, Barbancourt rum is smooth to sip and great in cocktails; if you're just after a quick cooler you can do no better than a frosty Prestige beer.

In the last couple of years the international hotel chains have started to see the value of investing in Haiti – Hilton is soon to follow the Best Western and Marriott groups in opening in Port-au-Prince. But for now, most hotels in Haiti are locally run and operated, keeping your tourist dollars circulating in the local economy. Accommodation remains relatively expensive in Haiti compared to the rest of the Caribbean.

Getting there & around

Port-au-Prince is the main gateway into Haiti, with plenty of flights from the USA, but the recent opening of Cap-Haïtien airport to international flights means that arriving in the capital is no longer essential. Haiti is a small country, and an internal flight between these two main cities takes barely 30 minutes. You'll see more by bus, and although public transport had traditionally been something of an endurance test, new bus companies are taking advantage of the improved highway network to offer comfortable and competitive coach routes between the major destinations. Still, once you get off the beaten track, rough local tap-tap buses and pick-ups are often the only option, so be prepared to squeeze in!

It would be remiss to ignore the fact that Haiti carries something of a reputation that might worry the more hesitant traveler. The reality behind the hype is somewhat different. Haiti is far less violent a country than neighboring Dominican Republic or Jamaica, both of which host vibrant tourist industries. We'd advise keeping away from political demonstrations (as you would in many countries), but instead heed the number of adventure- and package-tour operators now returning to the country. Haiti is a country more than ready to welcome tourists looking for the next travel frontier.

This article was refreshed in August 2017.

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How to travel to Haiti (2024)

By Joan Torres 10 Comments Last updated on April 24, 2024

I traveled independently through Haiti for 10 days, from Cap-Haïtien to Port-au-Prince and a few places in between, always using local transportation or hitchhiking, as well as a short domestic flight.

It was a fantastic trip, and I recommend visiting Haiti to anyone looking for an unrivalled offbeat adventure in the Americas. 

This updated and comprehensive travel guide to Haiti will show you everything you need to know on safety, top experiences, getting there and more.

In this Haiti travel guide, you will find

Table of Contents

• Haiti today
• Is it safe?
• Travel Insurance
• When to travel
• Top Experiences
• How to get into?
• How to travel around
• How to deal with extreme poverty
• People & Religion
• Taking photos
• More information

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😍 Why travel to Haiti?

Haiti is a Caribbean country that occupies one third of La Española (Hispaniola), an island it shares with the Dominican Republic.

Everyone knows about Dominican Republic and its dreamy beaches, yet few have heard about traveling in Haiti.

The first thing you need to know is that Haiti was the first country to ever be liberated by slaves , in 1803.

At that time, Haiti was ruled by the French, who had spent the previous decades importing hundreds of slaves from West Africa – mainly from Mali and Benin – to work on their sugar plantations.

The peculiarity about Haiti is that when it achieved its independence, many of those slaves had been born in Africa but became Caribbean overnight, and this is the number one reason for visiting Haiti: a purely Caribbean country that still keeps its African culture, traditions and essence .

Traveling in Haiti truly feels like traveling in West Africa, with all that default chaos intrepid travelers feel attracted to, but also in terms of their art, music and religion.

Add to this the world-class Caribbean beaches and landscapes, and the result is, perhaps, the most gorgeous and fascinating off-the-beaten-track destination in the American continent.

The problems with cruising in Haiti

Not many people travel to Haiti, but the majority of those that do make it there tend to do so on one of those massive cruise ships sailing across the Caribbean, hopping on and off at the major resorts on the main islands.

In Haiti, near Cap-Haïtien, there’s one place in the area of Labadee where cruise ships stop. Anyone not on a cruise – and that includes foreigners too – is banned from entering that tourist bubble, while those on the cruise ships are told that everywhere outside of the bubble is extremely dangerous, meaning you won’t see any of them in the surrounding areas.

I have often wondered whether those cruise tourists even know they’re in a country named Haiti.

🇭🇹 Visiting Haiti: what’s the current situation

Economically-speaking, Haiti has always struggled, but today it is also experiencing some pretty dark periods of extreme violence.

When I first visited Haiti in January 2023, the country was on the front pages and in the headlines of all reputable international newspapers.

But what had happened?

Well, Haiti had been going through an episode of real anarchy ever since Haitian President Jovenel Moïse was murdered in 2021.

Since then, various different gangs had taken the streets of Port-au-Prince, the capital of Haiti, with violence escalating to unprecedented levels.

Kidnappings, murders and street shootings happen every single day, in a conflict that has already created more than 200,000 internally displaced people.

At the time of writing, the travel situation in Haiti basically remains the same and such is the gravity that many governments are already referring to Haiti as a failed state – a pretty harsh term typically used for countries like Yemen or Libya – while asking for foreign intervention as well.

The earthquake from 2010 In 2010, a 7.0 earthquake shook the capital of Haiti for 35 seconds, killing thousands of people and leaving 1/3 of Port-au-Prince’s population completely homeless. By that time, Haiti was already one of the poorest countries in the world, so you can imagine how devastating this natural disaster was for Haitians. In fact, they say that the country has never recovered from it and, what with all its current social and political issues, the result is one of the most fragile countries on the planet.

⚠️ Is it safe to travel to Haiti right now?

Let me put things into perspective.

I have backpacked solo in Afghanistan , Iraq , Syria , and Somaliland , just to name a few.

I rarely worry when traveling in these areas, mainly because I have a lot of contacts in these countries, but also because I have solid experience of traveling in such regions.

My visit to Haiti, however, was a different story:

• It was my first time traveling in the Caribbean
• I didn’t have any contacts
• All I knew about Haiti was what I had seen in the news
• I didn’t know of any travelers who had visited Haiti during these anarchic times

Additionally, the FCDO travel advice for Haiti wasn’t very positive either, firmly advising against all travel to Haiti due to the volatile security situation.

I had all the odds against me, but that made me feel particularly excited; plus if there’s one thing I’ve learnt during my travels, it is that things on the ground look very different from what you see in the news.

Yes, that extreme violence is actually happening but the truth is that this conflict is exclusively focused on Port-au-Prince.

In fact, it’s focused on certain areas of Port-au-Prince: the areas controlled by the different gangs.

Is Cap-Haïtien safe?

Outside of those areas, Haiti is OK to travel, especially in Cap-Haïtien and its surroundings. 

Things I did around Cap-Haïtien:

• Hitchhiking around the area
• Walking through a slum on my way (on foot) to Labadee
• Walking around in the dark, in the middle of the night

All I can say is that this part of Haiti was extremely peaceful.

Is Port-au-Prince safe?

Port-au-Prince, however, is a different story. You can still travel there though, as long as you have the right contacts and stay in the right area, e.g., in Pétionville.

In Pétionville, you can still wander and walk around alone at night, no problem.

As for the dangerous parts of Port-au-Prince, I did venture downtown and even to Cité de Soleil, the largest and poorest slum in the Americas – and one of the main violence hubs in the city.

Nevertheless, I went there with a local fixer who is specialized in taking journalists into conflict areas.

That man knew what he was doing, plus he was a personal, old acquaintance of the gangs.

Nevertheless, heading into that area of Port-au-Prince doesn’t come without risk, especially from direct bullets, but that’s a risk travelers choose to assume. Definitely not an adventure for everyone.

Important: I won’t be sharing the fixer’s contact details, so don’t bother asking me for them. As mentioned, this activity is not without risk and if travelers start venturing into such areas, someone will eventually get shot and I don’t want to be part of that.

🪪 How to get a visa for Haiti

You don’t need a visa to visit Haiti, instead you just get a free stamp on arrival in the country.

This rule applies to both airport and land borders.

🚑 Travel Insurance for Haiti

Get travel insurance for travel in Haiti.

Reason why I recommend IATI:

• Many different plans for all types of travelers
• Avaiability of low, basic plans
• Covers senior citizens too
• Readers of this blog can get an exclusive 5% discount .

⛅ When to travel to Haiti

Traveling in Haiti is highly seasonal.

Best season to travel to Haiti

The best time to travel in Haiti is between November and March – that’s the dry season.

In February, you might catch the world-famous Carnival of Jacmel but you’ll have to be lucky, since the carnival is locally organized and dates always change, although it tends to always be celebrated between the end of February and beginning of March.

Worst season to travel in Haiti

The worst time to visit Haiti is from August to October, which is the rainy season, with  potential hurricanes.

🛖 Top 5 Experiences in Haiti

1 – hiking up to citadelle laferrière.

This is one of the best forts I have ever seen, and the views from there are gorgeous.

2 – Backpacking independently

No other country in the Americas feels as raw, chaotic and authentic.

Traveling in Haiti doesn’t differ much from the rough backpacking you can do in Mali or Benin.

3 – Attending a voodoo ceremony

Voodoo ceremonies, a clear West African heritage, are performed every week.

4 – The art scene in Pétionville

There’s a lot going on in Port-au-Prince, and the art scene in the refined district of Pétionville is a must-see.

5 – The coast around Labadee

Haiti has the most beautiful coastline on the island, and Labadee has the cleanest shores and water.

🛫 How to get to Haiti

Remember to get travel insurance for Haiti IATI Insurance is one of the very few that covers travel in Haiti 5% discount if purchasing via this link

How to travel to Haiti by air

The easiest way to fly to Port-a-Prince is from Miami (MIA) or Fort Lauderdale (FLL), and also New York City (JFK).

Which airlines fly to Haiti?

Jet Blue Airways and American Airlines have daily flights into Port-au-Prince.

How to get to Haiti from Dominican Republic – By land, best choice

I personally believe that traveling to Haiti from Dominican Republic is a much better option, for 3 reasons:

• Flights to Santo Domingo or Punta Cana are much cheaper, plus there are endless connections to many cities around the world.
• If you haven’t visited Dominican Republic before, you can combine both countries in one single trip.
• Traveling in Haiti is actually pretty rough so after a few days of tough backpacking, traveling in Dominican Republic can be a very pleasant and rewarding experience.

To reach Haiti from Dominican Republic, you can take one of the daily buses connecting Santo Domingo with either Port au Prince or Cap-Haïtien.

The company running such trips is called Caribe Tours , and it departs from this terminal .

I strongly recommend going to the terminal at least 1 day in advance to book your tickets, since the tickets commonly sell out.

The bus departs between 7am and 8:30am but do confirm the departure time upon booking your tickets.

A one-way ticket costs around 30-35 USD.

Additionally, you will have to pay 37 USD for exit/border fees. This amount is usually paid before boarding the bus, not when booking your ticket.

The whole ride from Santo Domingo to either Cap-Haïtien or Port-au-Prince can take from 8 to 12 hours. The bus has unreliable Wi-Fi, and they provide a truly awful, meat-based meal on board.

The border crossing is pretty chaotic, but there will be an attendant on the bus to assist you with all the procedures.

My experience entering and exiting Haiti I took the bus from Santo Domingo to Cap-Haïtien but on the way back, I traveled from Port au Prince independently, meaning that instead of taking a direct bus, I took different minibuses and tap-taps to the border, then crossed on foot into Dominican Republic. Once in Dominican Republic, you can find transportation to several other cities. This is a slower but more adventurous option, perfect for those wanting to explore beyond the main cities. If going to Cap-Haïtien, you cross at Dajabon. If going to Port-au-Prince, you cross at Comendador.

🛺 How to travel around Haiti

Moving around haiti by tap tap.

The official, local transportation is the tap-tap , an ornately decorated pick-up truck that won’t leave until full of passengers, who can get off at any point during the ride.

Traveling in Haiti by tap tap is ridiculously cheap, and you can use them to get to nearby sights and villages.

Travel around Haiti by minibus

For longer distances, Haitians travel by minibus .

Traveling around Haiti by air

Haiti is a tiny country but small domestic planes run between major cities.

The local airline is Sunrise Airways .

I did take a 25-minute flight from Cap-Haïtien to Port-au-Prince and the reason was that everyone in Cap-Haïtien told me it wasn’t possible to travel there by bus, claiming that the road section close to Port-au-Prince was overrun by gangs.

Upon arrival at the capital, I discovered that this wasn’t true and that buses were simply taking a different, longer route, so for the return journey I did take the bus.

In any case, taking a Sunrise Airways flight was a lot of fun, since they use those small, 20-seat planes where there’s no door between the passengers and the pilots.

Moreover, Cap-Haïtien airport was so small that you could literally get to the airport 15 minutes before departure and still make it on time to catch your flight.

A one-way ticket from Cap Haïtien to Port-au-Prince cost me 125 USD.

💰 Money and budget when traveling in Haiti

In Haiti, they use the Haitian Gourde and, approximately:

1 USD = 135 HTG

Exchanging money in Haiti

Certain banks do exchange currency but I exchanged mine at the hotel in Cap-Haïtien, Habitation des Lauriers .

They prefer US dollars but I believe Euros can be exchanged too.

Card payment and ATMs in Haiti

Unlike countries such as Syria or Iran , Haiti is not a country under sanctions, so you can easily withdraw money from certain ATMs and even pay your hotel by card.

For the rest, Haiti is pretty much a cash economy.

How much does it cost to travel in Haiti?

Haiti is actually quite expensive, much more than Dominican Republic.

How much does accommodation cost in Haiti?

Accommodation isn’t great in Haiti and you can expect to pay a minimum of 50 to 70 USD for a basic room.

Rooms are basic but the hotels are relatively decent, meaning that they provide services, speak English and are used to dealing with foreigners.

However, you might be paying 60 USD for a very basic room with no AC and where water and electricity issues are common.

I heard that some travelers were staying in hotels cheaper than that, where local Haitians stay, but expect their facilities to be beyond basic.

How much does food cost in Haiti?

Food in Haiti can be pretty expensive too.

A meal in a restaurant will cost around 10 USD, and up to 20 USD in fancier restaurants.

Local street food is obviously much, much cheaper – maybe 1 USD for a meal – but it’s not great.

How much does transportation cost in Haiti?

Local transportation is particularly cheap, like you can expect in any country of this kind.

A tap tap ride will rarely exceed more than 50 cents and a minibus between cities will cost a couple of USD.

Backpacking budget for Haiti From 85USD a day

How to deal with extreme poverty when visiting Haiti

Haiti is the poorest country in the American continent and within the 25 poorest nations in the world, according to all rankings .

The extreme poverty and lack of proper infrastructure can be seen everywhere in Haiti, including in areas of Port-au-Prince which are supposed to be good.

There are absolutely humungous piles of burning trash at every corner, no electricity at night and so many people looking poor and miserable.

Foreign travelers stand out a lot, so do expect to be stared at by everyone.

As with all the countries I have been to, most people you meet in Haiti are nice and pleasant, but I also found some beggars to be particularly intense and aggressive, so be mentally prepared to handle such situations.

Getting ripped-off when traveling in Haiti

Getting ripped-off isn’t the general norm but once in a while, some people may try to overcharge you.

This happened to me several times when taking a tap tap , and in local bars too. A bottle of Prestige – the Haitian beer – should never be more than 1 USD in a bar of that kind, but I often paid almost 3 USD. Entirely my fault for not asking their price first.

Haiti: people and religion

Today, Haiti is a Caribbean country where the vast majority of people are descendants of former black African slaves.

Note that the Taíno were the indigenous people to the island but Columbus and his Spanish crew exterminated them in a matter of years.

Some former French colonists also left their descendants by having children with their slaves, leading to lighter-skinned Haitians called mulattos. Nowadays , mulattos form the majority of Haiti’s elite, political and economic class.

The few other Haitians are mainly of Arab descent, from Lebanon and Syria , and you might see them hanging out in the wealthiest areas of Port-au-Prince.

Religion in Haiti

Haiti is a very religious country and such is the influence of their West African ancestors that Vodou is recognised as the official religion of the state, along with Catholicism.

Churches are always packed on Sunday but Haitian Vodou also plays a significant role and attending a ceremony is one of the highlights of backpacking in Haiti. However you will need to be lucky to catch one.

Unfortunately, I wasn’t able to attend one but I did visit a Vodou temple, a workshop where they sold Vodou-related artifacts and also a market.

Haitian Vodou revolves around spirits known as Iwa and here you can read more about it .

These 2 pieces of Vodou art can be found in Atis Rezistans , a workshop that creates art out of garbage. This was one of the most interesting places I visited during my trip to Haiti.

📸 Taking photos of people when traveling in Haiti

I think Haitians are the most camera-shy people I have ever met on my travels.

They are so shy that you might even be yelled at for just taking a picture of a street, without pointing your camera at anyone’s face in particular.

They just don’t like it so when wandering around markets, for example, always ask for permission – but believe me when I say you’ll rarely be granted it unless you’ve been interacting with them prior to asking.

💬 Language in Haiti

Both Creole and French are the official languages in Haiti.

French is the language used by the Administration and Haiti’s elite.

Creole is used by everyone else, and it’s a peculiar mix of French, Spanish, English and even Taíno, they claim.

However, French-speaking people won’t be able to understand Creole, and typically, lower-educated people don’t speak French either.

English is also rarely spoken in the streets.

🍲 Haitian cuisine

I will never be a fan of Caribbean food.

I find it bland and boring, but it can be eaten.

Typically, all restaurants will serve a portion of protein alongside fried plantain and rice mixed with black beans.

Protein can be anything from grilled fish (pwason poukannen) to pork (griot), chicken and even lobster, if you go to the right places.

Except for just one or two days, I ate combinations of the above at absolutely every meal.

🍻 Alcohol in Haiti

The national beer is called Prestige. They sell it everywhere and Haitians drink it at any time of day.

Haitians are also very proud of their locally produced rum, the best brand being Barbancourt.

💻 Internet in Haiti

Generally-speaking, Wi-Fi is pretty awful across Haiti, so I strongly recommend getting a SIM card, which works relatively well.

eSIM for browsing, calling and traveling in Haiti

Basically, an eSIM is a regular SIM card with a digital format that works like a normal physical SIM card, with the added benefit that you can buy it from home before the beginning of your trip, hence avoiding the hassle of buying it at your destination. 

With Holafly , you can get a SIM Card for a wide range of destinations, including Haiti . 

Moreover, you can benefit from a 5% discount with the following code:  AGAINSTTHECOMPASS

Get a VPN for traveling in Haiti

You should always use a VPN when you travel, especially when you connect to public Wi-Fi networks.

Your connection will be much safer. 

Moreover, you will be able to access content which is typically censored in Kazakhstan. 

I recommend ExpressVPN – Extremely easy to use, fast and cheap. 

If you want to learn more about VPN, check: Why you need a VPN for traveling .

❗ More information

📢 In my Travel Resources Page you can find the list of all the sites and services I use to book hotels, tours, travel insurance and more.

All guides and articles for traveling in Haiti destination

• Haiti Itinerary

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10 comments

Wow! Thank you for this comprehensive guide. I am travelling From London to Haiti in December ’23, and I plan to stay for a month. The plan is to fly direct from Heathrow to the Dominican Republic and take another flight from there to Cap Haitian. It’s quite expensive as altogether the cost of flight alone is nearly £2000.00. After that, I have to pay for Hotels and from what I am reading from your write-up, for one month stay, the cost will go through the roof. I set. aside a budget of £5000.00 so I hope the is enough because anything more than that and I will be forced to cancel my trip.

Hi Henry! I think you can save a lot by taking the bus from Santo Domingo to Cap Haitien

Thank you so much for the swift response. The airline costs are not a problem so I don’t mind flying from the Dominican Republic to Cap Haitian. What I am worried about is the price of accommodation which you said is somewhere around $60 per day for a basic room? This means a Hotel (which is where I plan to stay) will cost 3x as much per day. This is my main concern.

Do you know of any good but cheap Hotels to recommend?

Utter stupidity to do all this

This is a really informative guide, and I’m glad that some parts are relatively safe. One thing I will say however is, don’t completely write off Caribbean food. That is a pretty bold claim considering this was your first time in the region and there are countless other Caribbean countries with different cuisines and cooking methods. I implore you to try them all, including the non-islands like Belize, Guyana, and Suriname. Keep up the great work!

Thanks Neron, I’ll give it another try one day!

Thanks for your up-to-date information regarding Cap-Haitien to Santo Domingo by Calibre Tour bus. I will be travelling these cities in April 2024, but up until now, had trouble obtaining reliable information for bus travel.

Amazing, let us know how it goes!

I notice pretty affordable car hire in CAP, which I figured may be a good way to see the surrounds, such as Citadelle Laferrière. Is it safe (& necessary) to drive a rental car?

Whilst I understand that ATM are available, would you recommend taking along sufficient amounts of USD? I plan to book accomodation (& car if required) online, which I expect to make payment up-front. Thanks again.

Hi, it should be safe to rent a car around CAP but not strictly necessary. I traveled all around and didn’t hire any.

You can withdraw money from ATMs, doesn’t matter whether you take sufficient USD or not, up to you.

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Tourism in Haiti- Realities and Rewards

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Tourism in Haiti has a lot of potential, but why? What is so appealing about this tourist destination and how is tourism managed here? Read on to find out.

• Overview of Haiti

The tourism industry in Haiti

Why people travel to haiti, most popular types of tourism in haiti, most popular tourist attractions in haiti.

• What types of tourists travel to Haiti

Crime and safety in Haiti

• Required budget to visit Haiti
• General tips for visiting Haiti

10 interesting facts about Haiti

• 10 FAQs about tourism in Haiti

Tourism in Haiti 

Often overshadowed by its Caribbean neighbours and past challenges, Haiti is a treasure trove waiting to be discovered. From its rich history and vibrant arts scene to its untouched beaches and mountainous landscapes, Haiti offers a unique blend of experiences for the intrepid traveller.

Join us as we journey into the heart of this often-misunderstood gem, exploring the multifaceted world of tourism in Haiti….

Geography of Haiti

Haiti is a small Caribbean country located on the western side of the island of Hispaniola, which it shares with the Dominican Republic . 

Haiti has a land area of approximately 27,750 square kilometres, making it slightly smaller than the U.S. state of Maryland. 

The terrain of Haiti is characterised by mountain ranges, coastal plains, and plateaus. The mountain range that runs through the centre of the country, known as the Massif de la Selle , contains the highest point in Haiti, the Pic la Selle, which stands at 2,680 meters (8,793 feet) above sea level.

Haiti has a tropical climate, with temperatures averaging between 20-33°C (68-91°F) throughout the year. The rainy season typically lasts from May to November, with the rest of the year being relatively dry. 

Haiti is rich in natural resources such as bauxite, copper, gold, marble, and limestone. The country also has a significant amount of arable land, with agriculture being an important industry.

The country has several rivers, including the Artibonite , which is the longest river in Haiti and is an important source of irrigation for agriculture. Haiti also has several lakes, including Lake Azuei, which is shared with the Dominican Republic.

Haiti faces several environmental challenges, including deforestation, soil erosion , and water pollution . These issues have contributed to a decline in the country’s natural resources and have made it vulnerable to natural disasters such as hurricanes and floods .

Tourism in Haiti can trace its heyday back to the 1940s and 1950s when the country was dubbed the “ Pearl of the Antilles .” During this era, Haiti attracted international travellers, including celebrities and artists, with its vibrant culture, arts, music, and pristine beaches. Port-au-Prince and Cap-Haïtien were bustling with hotels, nightclubs, and cultural festivals.

The 1970s and 1980s saw a decline due to political instability and the oppressive Duvalier regime . Concerns about safety and political unrest deterred many potential visitors. Nevertheless, the resilient spirit of the Haitian people and their rich cultural heritage remained intact.

The devastating earthquake in 2010 further hampered the tourism sector, with much of the country’s infrastructure severely damaged. However, post-2010, there have been concerted efforts to rebuild and rejuvenate tourism in Haiti. The government and international partners have been working to promote Haiti as a unique travel destination, focusing on its historical sites, natural beauty, and vibrant arts scene.

Despite its tumultuous past, the potential for tourism in Haiti remains, with its captivating blend of history, culture, and natural beauty waiting to be rediscovered by the global community.

Haiti is under-developed when it come to tourism, however there is a lot of potential here. Here are some statistics and facts about tourism in Haiti:

• Haiti is a Caribbean country with a rich culture, history, and natural beauty. Its tourism industry has great potential, but it has struggled in recent years due to political instability, natural disasters, and security concerns. According to the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), the tourism industry’s contribution to Haiti’s GDP was 1.9% in 2019, and it employed 95,000 people, or 3.3% of total employment.
• Haiti’s tourism industry mainly consists of beach resorts, cultural sites, and ecotourism . The country has several beautiful beaches, such as Labadee Beach and Jacmel Beach, and cultural attractions, such as the National Palace and the Citadelle Laferrière. Eco-tourism is also a growing sector in Haiti, with opportunities for hiking, bird-watching, and visiting nature reserves.
• Despite its potential, the tourism industry in Haiti faces many challenges. One of the main challenges is infrastructure, as the country’s transportation, communication, and electricity systems are underdeveloped. Another challenge is security, as the country has a high crime rate and occasional political violence.

Overall, the tourism industry in Haiti has great potential, but it requires investment in infrastructure, security, and marketing to realise its full potential.

Tourism in Haiti is popular for a variety of reasons, including:

• Cultural and historical attractions: Haiti has a rich cultural heritage, with a unique blend of African, French, and Caribbean influences. Visitors can explore historical sites such as the Citadelle Laferrière, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the largest fortresses in the Americas, and the Sans-Souci Palace, the former residence of King Henri Christophe.
• Natural beauty : Despite its environmental challenges, Haiti has a beautiful natural landscape, with beaches, waterfalls, and scenic mountain ranges. Visitors can explore attractions such as the Bassin Bleu waterfall, the beautiful beaches of Île-à-Vache, and the stunning views from the Pic la Selle mountain.
• Volunteer opportunities : Haiti has a long history of poverty and political instability, and many visitors come to the country to volunteer their time and resources to help local communities. Volunteer opportunities include working in schools, medical clinics, and community development projects.
• Business and trade : Haiti is home to several free trade zones and has a growing tourism industry, making it an attractive destination for business travelers.
• Spiritual and religious tourism: Haiti is known for its vibrant Vodou religion, and visitors can learn about its history and practices by visiting temples and participating in ceremonies.
• Overall, visitors to Haiti can experience a unique cultural and historical destination, as well as the opportunity to explore the country’s natural beauty and to engage in volunteer work.

Haiti has a diverse range of tourism opportunities, including beach resorts, cultural sites, and eco-tourism. Here are some of the most popular types of tourism in Haiti:

• Beach Tourism: Haiti has a long coastline with beautiful beaches, such as Labadee Beach, Jacmel Beach, and Port Salut Beach. These beaches offer opportunities for swimming, sunbathing, and water sports.
• Cultural Tourism : Haiti has a rich history and culture, which is reflected in its music, art, and architecture. Some popular cultural attractions include the National Palace, the Citadelle Laferrière, and the Iron Market in Port-au-Prince.
• EcoTourism : Haiti has a diverse range of natural landscapes, including mountains, waterfalls, and nature reserves. Some popular eco-tourism destinations include the Pic Macaya National Park, Bassin Bleu Waterfall, and La Visite National Park.
• Adventure Tourism : Haiti’s rugged terrain offers opportunities for adventure activities such as hiking, rock climbing, and zip-lining. One popular adventure destination is the Saut-Mathurine Waterfall, which is one of the highest waterfalls in the Caribbean.
• Religious Tourism : Haiti is a predominantly Catholic country, and it has several religious sites that attract tourists, such as the Basilica of Our Lady of Perpetual Help in Cap-Haïtien and the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption in Port-au-Prince.

Haiti has a number of popular tourist attractions, including:

• Citadelle Laferrière : This mountaintop fortress is one of Haiti’s most iconic landmarks and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It was built in the early 19th century to protect against French invasion and is one of the largest fortresses in the Americas.
• Labadee : This private beach resort on Haiti’s northern coast is owned by Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines and is a popular stop on many Caribbean cruises. Visitors can enjoy water sports, beach activities, and shopping.
• Bassin Bleu: This beautiful waterfall and natural swimming pool is located in the mountains near Jacmel. Visitors can swim in the crystal-clear water and explore the surrounding jungle.
• Sans-Souci Palace : This former royal palace was built in the early 19th century by King Henri Christophe and is located in the northern town of Milot. It was badly damaged in an earthquake in 1842 but remains an impressive example of Haitian architecture.
• National Museum of Haiti: This museum is located in Port-au-Prince and contains a collection of Haitian art and artifacts, including pre-Columbian objects, colonial-era documents, and contemporary paintings.
• Iron Market : This historic market in downtown Port-au-Prince is a popular destination for shopping and souvenir-hunting. It was originally built in the late 19th century and was rebuilt after being destroyed in the 2010 earthquake.
• The Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption: This cathedral is located in Port-au-Prince and is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Port-au-Prince. It was badly damaged in the 2010 earthquake but has since been partially restored.
• Jacmel : This coastal town on Haiti’s southern coast is known for its vibrant art scene and colonial-era architecture. It’s also home to a number of beaches, including the popular Raymond les Bains.

Overall, Haiti has a lot to offer visitors, with a mix of natural beauty, cultural attractions, and historic landmarks.

Haiti is unfortunately known for having high levels of crime and is considered by many to be one of the most dangerous countries in the Caribbean. Visitors to Haiti should exercise caution and be aware of the following safety concerns:

• Violent crime : Armed robbery, assault, and kidnapping are common in Haiti, particularly in Port-au-Prince and other urban areas. Visitors should avoid walking alone at night, carrying valuables or large amounts of cash, and traveling to certain parts of the city, especially in certain neighborhoods.
• Political instability: Haiti has a history of political unrest, protests, and demonstrations that can turn violent. Visitors should monitor local news and avoid large gatherings or demonstrations.
• Natural disasters : Haiti is prone to natural disasters such as hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes, which can disrupt travel plans and cause damage to infrastructure. Visitors should be aware of weather conditions and follow the advice of local authorities in case of an emergency.
• Health concerns: Haiti has high rates of infectious diseases such as cholera, dengue fever, and Zika virus. Visitors should take precautions to avoid mosquito bites, drink bottled or purified water, and practice good hygiene.
• Transportation safety: Road conditions in Haiti can be poor, and traffic accidents are common. Visitors should avoid driving at night and use caution when traveling by car or motorcycle.

It’s important for visitors to Haiti to take the necessary precautions to stay safe and be vigilant at all times. It’s also recommended to seek up-to-date information from reliable sources before traveling to Haiti and to consider using the services of a reputable travel agency or guide.

By taking these tips into consideration, visitors to Haiti can have a safe and rewarding experience while enjoying the country’s culture, natural beauty, and unique heritage.

Here are 10 interesting facts about Haiti:

• Haiti was the first independent nation in Latin America and the Caribbean, gaining independence from France on January 1, 1804.
• Haiti is the most mountainous country in the Caribbean, with over 80% of its land covered by mountains.
• The official languages of Haiti are French and Haitian Creole, a language developed by enslaved Africans during French colonial rule.
• The Citadel, a fortress built by Haitian slaves in the early 19th century, is the largest fortress in the Western Hemisphere.
• Haiti is home to the world’s largest collection of Haitian art, with a vibrant and diverse art scene that includes painting, sculpture, and craft
• Vodou, a syncretic religion that blends African spiritual traditions with elements of Catholicism, is an important part of Haitian culture and identity.
• Haiti has a rich musical tradition, including genres such as kompa, rara, and mizik rasin, which blend African and European influences.
• Haitian cuisine is characterised by bold flavours and spices, with dishes such as griot (fried pork), tasso (spiced beef), and akasan (cornmeal porridge).
• The Haitian flag is the only national flag in the world to feature the colors blue and red in vertical stripes.
• Haiti has a strong tradition of storytelling and oral history, with folktales and legends passed down through generations.

Impacts of tourism in Haiti

It is always important to assess the impacts of tourism, both good and bad. So lets take a look at what Haiti is doing well and what the country needs to improve on…

Social impacts of tourism in Haiti

When we chat about tourism in Haiti, it’s clear that there’s a brilliant mingling of cultures happening. Visitors get to immerse themselves in Haiti’s vibrant art, music, and folklore, offering a deeper understanding of the nation’s resilient spirit. For the locals, interactions with tourists often open windows to global perspectives and ideas.

But, there’s also the other side of the coin. With increased tourism in Haiti, there’s the risk of diluting or overly commercialising some of Haiti’s sacred traditions and practices, just to cater to the tourist crowd.

Environmental impacts of tourism in Haiti

Haiti, with its pristine beaches, lush mountains, and hidden waterfalls, is an eco-traveller’s dream. Tourism in Haiti, when channelled rightly, can bolster efforts to preserve these natural wonders. Eco-resorts and sustainable travel initiatives are slowly sprouting up.

However, the heavy footfall of tourists can also strain these delicate ecosystems. Improper waste management and unchecked developments, if not handled, could dim the sparkling allure of Haiti’s natural beauty.

Economic impacts of tourism in Haiti

There’s no denying that tourism in Haiti has the power to inject much-needed capital into the economy. Local artisans, restaurateurs, and tour operators can significantly benefit, potentially lifting communities out of poverty .

Yet, and this is crucial, an over-reliance on tourism leaves Haiti vulnerable. Unpredictable events, from natural disasters to political upheavals, could disrupt the flow of tourists, affecting those dependent on them.

Snapshot: Impacts of Tourism in Haiti

Here is a summary of the main impacts of tourism in Haiti.

In essence, while the prospect of tourism in Haiti offers much excitement and potential, it’s a dance that requires careful choreography. By striking the right balance, Haiti’s tourism tapestry can remain as vibrant and authentic as the nation itself.

FAQs about tourism in Haiti

Now lets finish off this article by answering some of the most frequently asked questions about tourism in Haiti:

• Is Haiti safe for tourists?

Haiti has high levels of crime and political unrest, so visitors should exercise caution and take necessary precautions to stay safe.

• Do I need a visa to visit Haiti?

Many countries do not require a visa for short visits to Haiti, but it’s best to check with the Haitian embassy or consulate in your home country to confirm.

• What is the best time of year to visit Haiti?

The dry season, from November to April, is the best time to visit Haiti for sunny weather and fewer chances of encountering hurricanes or tropical storms.

• What are some must-see attractions in Haiti?

Some of the top attractions in Haiti include the Citadelle Laferriere, Labadee Beach, the Iron Market, the Musée du Panthéon National Haitien, and the Bassin Bleu waterfall.

• Can I drink the tap water in Haiti?

No, tap water in Haiti is not safe to drink. It’s best to drink bottled or purified water.

• What should I wear when visiting Haiti?

Haitian culture is conservative, so it’s best to dress modestly, especially when visiting religious or cultural sites. Lightweight, breathable clothing is recommended due to the hot and humid climate.

• Is French or Creole spoken in Haiti?

Both French and Haitian Creole are official languages in Haiti, although Creole is more widely spoken.

• Are there all-inclusive resorts in Haiti?

Yes, there are a few all-inclusive resorts in Haiti, including the Royal Decameron Indigo Beach Resort & Spa and the Marriott Port-au-Prince Hotel.

• How can I support local communities during my visit to Haiti?

Visitors can support local communities by staying at locally owned hotels, eating at local restaurants, shopping for locally made crafts and goods, and participating in responsible tourism activities that support local development.

• What is the currency used in Haiti?

The Haitian gourde is the official currency of Haiti, but US dollars are also widely accepted. It’s a good idea to carry cash, as credit cards may not be accepted in all places.

To conclude

Tourism in Haiti is a journey of contrasts, revealing both the nation’s radiant spirit and the challenges it faces. While the allure of its culture and landscapes beckons travellers, the key lies in nurturing responsible and sustainable tourism. As we delve deeper into what tourism in Haiti truly entails, it’s evident that with mindful exploration, Haiti’s beauty can shine, benefiting both visitors and the resilient communities that call it home.

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Haiti is a poor country, but there’s another story out there as well. It’s one that you’ll find by getting out there and exploring, squeezing into buses or having a cold beer at a street-side bar, learning Creole and listening to locals tell their own stories. Paul Clammer author of Haiti: The Bradt Guide

Why travel to Haiti? The country has long been haunted by a negative media image, not least with the knocks that part of the country took from Hurricane Matthew in late 2016, but recent years have seen an alternative and more positive narrative beginning to emerge. Haiti has been coming out to the world in a more confident way, with tourism very much a part of the story. Put it another way: Haiti is the last great undiscovered travel frontier of the Caribbean.

Haiti’s sugar-sand beaches, exhilarating mountain trails and Vodou-tinged culture make it one of the most captivating corners of the region. Despite the country’s recent tribulations, there’s another story beyond the headlines – one that you’ll discover by jumping aboard technicolour taptaps , sipping cold beer at a street-side stand and listening as the welcoming Haitians tell their tale.

From the flamboyant dancing and street theatre of the Jacmel Carnival and the epic mountain fortress of the Citadelle Henry to long-forgotten colonial outposts and tranquil fishing islands, Haiti is a truly captivating destination.

Seventy years ago, Haiti practically invented Caribbean tourism, with the clubs of Port-au-Prince as fashionable as the casinos of pre-revolutionary Havana. All the reasons that drew visitors to Haiti then still exist today; they’ve just been obscured from view. Maybe now is finally the time to rediscover them.

Food and drink in Haiti

Haitian cuisine is an interesting blend of African and French influences, with an occasional taste of hot peppers thrown in for a Caribbean twist. Eating out is typically an unceremonious affair, at a ‘bar-resto’ or quite possibly served up in a polystyrene food box on the street by a woman cooking several pots over a charcoal brazier. Port-au-Prince (especially Pétionville) has the fanciest restaurants with a wide variety of cuisines, although elsewhere there’s not much international food besides burgers, pizza and spaghetti. All the more reason then to stick to Haitian cuisine – manje kreyòl .

If Haiti has a national dish, it has to be rice slowly cooked with beans and served with stock or sauce. Diri ak sos pwa , as it’s locally known, is everywhere, and you’ll eat a lot of it. The sauce, called bouyon or ragu , is almost always a stew with some potato, onion and tomatoes, spices and preferably meat of some description. This can be beef ( bèf ), goat ( kabrit ) or chicken ( poule ).  Legim is a stew containing just vegetables, although vegetarians should note that meat is often used as a flavouring in the stock. Plantain ( bannann ) is a common accompaniment, either sliced and fried, or stewed. Other starch vegetables to look out for are yam ( yanm ) and militon (a type of squash).

A variant on rice and beans is diri djon djon – tiny dried mushrooms are cooked with the rice, turning it black but imparting a great flavour. Avocados ( zaboka ) make a good accompaniment to almost any meal. Their size and creamy yellow-green flesh put modern supermarket varieties to shame.

Soups are popular. Most famous is soup jomou (sometimes also called soup giramoun ) made with pumpkins and eaten every 1 January (Independence Day). Also common is mayi moulen , a thick cassava porridge, served as an accompaniment to a main meal, or a countryside staple.

An unexpected addition to Haitian cuisine is the influence of Arab dishes brought in by Syrian and Lebanese immigrants in the early 20th century. Most notable is kibbeh – ground beef and bulgur wheat made into balls and fried. Haitian tastes have added a little more spicy heat to the traditional recipe. Spaghetti is widely available, although it has been adopted almost exclusively as a breakfast dish, often with herring and ideally served liberally covered in tomato sauce. Most hotels will offer eggs and bread as well. Local guava ( gwayav ) jam is excellent, as is the peanut butter, served straight ( mamba ) or with a hint of chili ( mamba piman ).

For a country with such an extensive coastline, it’s no surprise that seafood is plentiful. Anywhere near the sea you can find plenty of fish ( pwason ), lobster ( woma ) and especially conch ( lambi ). However, note that lambi populations are collapsing across the Caribbean region owing to over-fishing.

There are plenty of good and cheap street food options for quick eating, mostly falling under the umbrella of fritay , or fried food. Pieces of chicken, beef ( tasso , rather than bèf in this case), fish or goat are fried up, but tastiest of all is griyo , or fried pork. Vegetarian options include marinad (fried dough balls), accra (fritters of malanga , a starchy root vegetable), and the ubiquitous bannann pese (fried plantain). Fritay is best accompanied with a spoon of pikliz – cabbage and carrot slaw made with chili-spiced vinegar. Plantain is also thinly sliced to make a local equivalent of potato chips, called papite , sold in small bags, often with similarly prepared breadfruit ( lanm veritab ). Another good snack to eat on the go is pate , small savoury pastries with meat, fish or chicken.

Fruit juices are very popular. Best of all is shadek , made from the Haitian grapefruit, and sweeter than regular grapefruit. In season look out for grenadya  (passion fruit), seriz (cherry), as well as zoranj (orange). A colder option than a straight juice is a fresco made with juice syrup poured over shaved ice. Sold in the street, a fresco cart is invariably surrounded by a small swarm of bees.

Treated water is widely available, and is provided free in restaurants. You can buy small bottles everywhere (local brands include Crystal and Aquafine), while the Culligan brand has become synonymous with treated water, and is frequently used as shorthand for the five-gallon containers that most treated water comes in. On the street, you’ll also see vendors selling small sachets of treated water. Do not drink the tap water.

Coffee is grown throughout Haiti, and is almost uniformly excellent – rich in flavour and lacking in bitterness. Of the locally available brands, Café Rebo and Café Selecto both offer good blends. In the country (and a few guesthouses, if you’re lucky), people grow and roast their own.

As befits any Caribbean country, Haitians are proud of their rum ( rhum ). The most celebrated brand is Barbancourt, a double-distilled dark rum made from local sugarcane (not molasses, like many rums), and a noted Haitian export. Barbancourt produce a very drinkable three-star rum (aged four years), an even smoother five-star (aged eight years) and an eye-wateringly expensive 15-year reserve. Also available is the slightly cheaper rum produced by Bakara.

Health and safety in Haiti

Travelling somewhere like Haiti presents different potential health issues compared with Europe or North America. By taking sensible precautions you can greatly reduce your risk of catching any serious diseases, and visitors are unlikely to encounter any medical problems more acute than a possible attack of travellers’ diarrhoea.

It’s recommended to visit your doctor or travel clinic at least six weeks before travelling to allow plenty of time for any potential course of vaccinations. Last-minute injections can give only partial cover for some diseases. It’s strongly advised to have immunisations against diphtheria, tetanus and polio which come as the all-in-one vaccine Revaxis, which lasts for ten years. Vaccination against hepatitis A and typhoid, both diseases transmitted through infected food and water, are also strongly recommended, as is vaccination against cholera. The oral cholera vaccine, Dukoral, is available for those aged six and over as a two-dose schedule. The two doses should be given one to six weeks apart and at least one week before arriving in Haiti. For those aged two–five years then a three-dose schedule is used. Other vaccines  that should be considered are hepatitis B, especially if you are working in hospitals or with children, meningitis (ACWY) and rabies. Hepatitis B and rabies schedules are a series of three vaccines over three to four weeks so allow plenty of time for vaccination.

You should also get the most up-to-date advice on anti-malaria prophylaxis. If you’re planning to be in Haiti a long time, a dental check-up before flying out is a good idea. If you wear glasses, take a spare pair and a copy of your prescription. It’s also very important to take out comprehensive medical travel insurance before travelling to Haiti. Make sure the policy covers medical evacuation.

Travel clinics and information

A full list of current travel clinic websites worldwide is available on www.istm.org . For other journey preparation information, consult www.travelhealthpro.org.uk  (UK) or http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/ (US). Information about various medications may be found on www.netdoctor.co.uk/travel . All advice found online should be used in conjunction with expert advice received prior to or during travel.

People who have never been to Haiti tend to ask two things when you tell them you’re going there: Is anything still standing after the earthquake? And: Is it safe? Haiti, it’s safe to say, has had a troubled image abroad ever since it freed itself in the world’s only successful slave revolution.  Travel advisories from the US State Department ( www.travel.state.gov ) once warned against travel to much of Haiti, but now mostly offer better and more nuanced advice – usually related to current political developments. The same goes for the British Foreign Office ( www.fco.gov.uk/travel ). Note that in the event your government does advise against travel to a particular area, this can invalidate regular travel insurance; so, while government advisories are only part of planning for a trip, they’re still important to take note of.

Female travellers

Haiti lacks the macho Hispanic culture of neighbouring Dominican Republic, although most foreign women will receive some amount of unwarranted romantic attention during their stay. Most of this is simply annoying, from whistling or making kissing sounds to get attention, although it can still make an individual feel uncomfortable. It’s best to be prepared and, if possible, develop a sense of humour (or at least public indifference) to it. Women should take the standard safety precautions, such as not walking alone at night (good advice for men, too) or hitchhiking alone. In terms of dress, it’s fine to wear shorts or singlets around town – dress codes are suited to the Caribbean.

Travellers with disabilities

Haiti is not somewhere that puts much comfort in the way of travellers with disabilities – the country’s overstretched and under-maintained infrastructures can at times put plenty of challenges in front of even the most able-bodied. The number of lifts in the country can be counted on one hand, while steps, stairs and broken streets abound. An adventuring spirit and equal doses of stamina and pragmatism are required, and you are likely to need your own vehicle and driver/guide.

There have long been social stigmas attached to those born with physical disabilities in Haiti, although the number of those maimed in the earthquake have made such conditions increasingly visible, particularly in Port-au-Prince. Wheelchairs, and to a lesser extent amputees, aren’t such an uncommon sight as they once were. Haitians are generally very considerate to those who have particular needs and one could certainly expect help from strangers if it is required.

LGBTQ+ Travellers

Homosexuality is not criminalised in Haiti, but relatively few people openly self-identify as either gay or lesbian (in Creole, masisi , often used as a pejorative) due to fear of stigmatisation or persecution. While evangelical Christian groups often openly criticise homosexuality, some gay men and women find Vodou to be a more sympathitic religion; the lwa often helping to find an explanation and expression for their sexuality. Anyone interested in homosexuality in Haiti should look out for the 2002 documentary Of Men and Gods , directed by Anne Lescot and Laurence Magloire.

For visitors, there shouldn’t be any problems visiting Haiti, although discretion is advisable. There is no openly gay/lesbian scene, though Kouraj ( www.kouraj.org ) provides support to and lobbies for the LGBT community.

Travel and visas in Haiti

All visitors to Haiti require a passport, the expiry date of which must be valid for six months beyond the length of your stay. If you are arriving by air, a return flight ticket is also required, but entry itself is visa-free, except for nationals of the Dominican Republic, Colombia and Panama. There’s a tourist landing fee of US$10 paid on arrival at a small booth just before immigration – you’ll need the receipt when your passport is stamped. A stay of up to three months is permitted on arrival. When being stamped in, the green immigration landing card you must complete has a tear-off slip at the bottm marked ‘Départ/Departure’ which you’ll be given back – keep this safe, as you need to hand it in when leaving Haiti.

If you are intending to stay in Haiti longer than three months, there are two options. The first is to leave the country and re-enter, thus giving you a fresh three-month entry stamp. This is most easily and economically done by making a side trip to the Dominican Republic – there are direct road transport links from Port-au-Prince to Santo Domingo through the border at Malpasse/Jimaní, and from Cap-Haïtien to Santiago through the border at Ouanaminthe/Dajabón. With your own vehicle this can be a day trip or less, and is relatively hassle-free. 

Getting there and away

Haiti’s main entry point is Aéroport International Toussaint Louverture (code PAP; tel: 2250 1120/1123 ) in Port-au-Prince. The busiest route to Haiti by far is through Miami, allowing plentiful connections from international and domestic American flights. The secondary airport is Hugo Chavez International Cap-Haïtien (code CAP; tel: 2262 0313/8539 ), expanded in recent years (with Venezuelan money – hence the name) to allow international flights.

Of the major international carriers, American Airlines offer the most flights to Port-au-Prince – twice daily from Miami and once a day from New York JFK and Fort Lauderdale, Florida. There is also a daily flight from Miami to Cap-Haïtien. Delta Airlines fly daily from JFK. United Airlines fly three times a week from New York/Newark (EWR). Jet Blue fly to Port-au-Prince from Fort Lauderdale, New York JFK and with a high-season service from Boston. Air Canada connects to Port-au-Prince with four flights a week from Montréal. Air France fly four times weekly from Miami and from Paris (via Pointe à Pitre in Guadeloupe). You can also fly from Paris to Port-au-Prince with Air Caraïbes.

Smaller airlines also abound. Haitian airline Sunrise Airways fly from Port-au-Prince to Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic, and Santiago and Camaguey in Cuba. Direct services are reportedly planned to Havana and Kingston (Jamaica). Spirit Air fly to Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Insel Air fly to Miami, as well as Curacao in the Dutch Antilles. Intercarribbean fly to Providenciales

There are four official border points between Haiti and the Dominican Republic. The busiest is at Malpasse (to Jimaní) between Port-au-Prince and Santo Domingo, followed by Ouanaminthe/Dajabón, between Cap-Haïtien and Santiago in the north. In both cases, there are direct public transport links between the cities on either side of the border, taking the hassle out of the crossings. The two less frequently used border points are from Anse-à-Pitre to Pedernales in the far south, and Belladère to Elías Piña (Comendador) in the centre.

Immigration is open 08.00–18.00 (from 09.00 in the Dominican Republic, but note that the country is 1 hour ahead of Haiti). There are various charges levied on both sides of the border, all payable in US dollars: US$10 each way to enter/leave the DR, and US$10 to leave Haiti. Technically, US$10 must also be paid to enter Haiti by land too, but for some reason I’ve only ever been charged a token US$1.

From Port-au-Prince, three coach companies have daily services to Santo Domingo: Terra Bus ( Av Pan Americaine, Pétionville; tel: 2257 2153 ), Caribe Tours ( cnr rues Clerveaux & Gabart, Pétionville; tel: 2257 9379/3785 1946 ), and Capital Coach Line ( 8 Rue Borno, Pétionville; tel: 2512 5989; www.capitalcoachline.com ). Capital also has departures from a depot on Route de Tabarre, near the US embassy. The coaches are air conditioned and a sandwich and drink is provided en route . One-way tickets cost around US$40, but you can also opt to have the border fees bundled into the cost of the ticket. Travel time is 8 hours.

From Cap-Haïtien, Caribe Tours ( Rue 24B; tel: 2260 1258/3614 0264 ) have a similar coach service to Santiago, taking 6 hours and costing US$25 one-way, plus border fees. The coach continues to Santo Domingo, an 11-hour trip costing US$30.

Getting around

Haiti is not a large country to travel around, and has a road network of variable (although improving) quality, and a decent selection of internal flights from Port-au-Prince.

Port-au-Prince sits squarely in the centre of the national highway system, and the fact that all roads lead to the capital makes it either a convenient base to travel from, or an unavoidable annoyance if you’d prefer to avoid getting sucked into its traffic gridlock. From Port-au-Prince, Route National (RN) 1 heads north to Gonaïves and then over the mountains to Cap-Haïtien. At Gonaïves, the road also splits to lead to Port-de-Paix along RN5. East of the capital, RN3 passes through Mirebalais and Hinche, and continues on to Cap. In the south, RN2 passes through Léogâne and Miragoâne on the way to Les Cayes and Port Salut. Side branches split off towards Jacmel (RN4) and Jérémie (RN6). For the most part, these roads are well paved. Notable exceptions include the terribly pot-holed road from Gonaïves to Port-de-Paix, and the unsealed stretches from Hinche to Cap-Haïtien. Away from the national highways, road quality can be highly variable. The rainy climate means that unmaintained tarmac roads quickly attract pot-holes, while unsealed roads of packed earth or gravel can become equally slow and treacherous in heavy rains.

For trip planning, by far the best map commercially available is the Haïti Carte Touristique , produced by the Ministry of Tourism. You can find it in larger supermarkets and some bookshops in Port-au-Prince and Pétionville, costing around US$4. It’s a little outdated in places and carries a few errors (all corrected in this book), but has a useful street map of Port-au-Prince on the reverse side.

Having your own vehicle gives you the maximum amount of freedom to get around in Haiti. You’ll need either your driving licence from your home country or an international driving permit to get behind the wheel. Wearing seatbelts is compulsory, although a rule more honoured in the breach than in the observance.

If you’re working with an organisation, it’s possible you might have access to one of their vehicles, otherwise there are plenty of car-rental companies in Haiti, including most of the international companies (who are mostly based near the airport in Port-au-Prince). The default vehicle of choice is some sort of 4×4 – few people drive regular cars if they have a choice, as Haitian roads are demanding on vehicle maintenance. Be warned that rental prices are high – starting at around US$150/day or US$200 if you also want a driver. At the time of writing, fuel cost around 200HTG (US$3.25) for a gallon of petrol.

Traffic drives on the right, and wherever there’s a clear road there’s a tendency for drivers to put their foot down. Too many Haitians drive offensively rather than defensively, and this can take some getting used to. In heavy traffic, no space seems small enough to squeeze a vehicle into, and no corner too blind to try to overtake on. Get used to using your horn. If at all possible, avoid driving at night – a frightening proportion of drivers seem to eschew the use of headlights, and pedestrians walking in the dark can be hard to see. When parking, it’s not uncommon to pay a guardian a few gourdes to watch your vehicle (you’ll usually be approached beforehand).

Haiti’s towns and cities are stitched together by a wide variety of transport of varying shapes and sizes. I’m using the terminology ‘bus’ here in its loosest sense – you can be lucky enough to get an air-conditioned mini-coach, travel with the chickens on a bone-rattling bus, or (most likely) squeeze into a minibus or covered pick-up truck known as a taptap .

For most destinations you’ll get a choice of different transport types, but most will leave from a standard departure point, called an estasyon . The term ‘bus station’ is far too formal to apply here – in most cases they’re more like a car park surrounded by a moderate swirl of anarchy. Touts shout out for passengers, while even more people offer food and drinks for the journey and mobile-phone top-ups.

Best of the bus options are the regional travel companies offering air-conditioned coaches or minibuses to regional destinations. They usually have dedicated stations with seating areas and toilets and sell tickets in advance, and you’ll get your own seat. These bus companies are a relatively new – and very welcome – development in Haiti. Destinations served from Port-au-Prince include Cap-Haïtien, Jacmel, Gonaïves, Jérémie, Les Cayes and Port-de-Paix.

Also available – and considerably less comfortable – are the imported American school buses. The more organised bus companies brightly repaint them (slogans often invoke a love of Jesus or the Psalms), but don’t be too surprised if you get on a bus whose apparent destination appears to be a school somewhere in the midwest of the USA. Inside, basic seats take three passengers on each side of the aisle, with a seventh quite often squeezed onto a stool in the aisle itself.

Do not expect comfort. Your luggage will hopefully squeeze into the above-seat racks or below, otherwise you’ll be expected to tip the guys who put your bag on the roof. For long distances, tickets are sold a day in advance, and buses roughly adhere to a set departure time. For all bus trips, if the journey is more than about 4 hours, expect at least one meal stop.

More common for journeys of up to a few hours are taptaps . These are fill-and-go vehicles – either minibuses or pick-up trucks with a roof added and bench seating along the back. Seats next to the driver are more comfortable, and attract a slightly higher fare. A pick-up taptap should take six passengers on each bench, but invariably squeezes in a few more in the middle (often sat on the sacks and pots of fellow passengers), and maybe a couple more on the roof rack. As well as transport between towns, taptaps also ply set routes within cities. Just stand at the side of the road and flag them down as they approach – take the same approach in rural areas where transport is scanty.

By moto-taxi

In practical terms, the quickest and easiest way to get around town (and frequently between towns) is to grab a motorbike-taxi (‘moto-taxi’, or just plain ‘moto’). Fares vary – a 10-minute ride in Port-au-Prince will cost two or three times the equivalent distance in somewhere like Jacmel. Drivers occasionally wear crash helmets themselves, but I’ve never come across one offering a helmet to a passenger. Two adults can ride pillion, but it’s not uncommon to see motos picking up four kids at the school gate to take them home.

Bikes are usually sturdy Chinese imports, although places like Jacmel and Gonaïves seem to specialise in weedy little scooters. Either way, moto drivers are often reckless with both their bikes and their passengers: hitting the gas whenever the road is clear, or trying to squeeze narrowly between trucks when traffic is tight. Feel free to tell your driver to slow down or otherwise take care as you see fit (I once had to reprimand a driver for sending text messages while driving at high speed). The corollary to this is that, if you find a particularly good and trustworthy driver, take his number and use him again.

While taking motos is almost unavoidable in Haiti if you don’t have your own vehicle, not all travel insurance policies cover riding pillion on a motorbike, so check your fine print. Accidents are certainly not rare – one resident of Cap-Haïtien joked to me that the emergency unit of the local hospital was dubbed ‘Haojin’ by medical staff, after the most popular brand of motorbike ridden by accident victims.

When to visit Haiti

Tropical Haiti is a year-round destination, with a strong Caribbean sun and temperatures fluctuating from warm to hot. April to November is the hottest time of year, when average temperatures fluctuate just above 30˚C (86˚F). December to March are the coolest months, with the temperatures averaging around 22˚C (72˚F). Whatever time of year, you’ll rarely be out of short sleeves, although nights can be cool in the mountains. There are roughly two rainy ‘seasons’ – May–July for the centre and south of the country, while from November to January, northern Haiti gets most of its rain. August–November is the time of tropical storms and hurricanes across the Caribbean. Travel during wet periods can be potentially tricky, as rough roads can be affected and thus increase travel time.

Haiti has a tropical climate. Winter (particularly January and February) has the cooler months with daytime temperatures averaging around 24°C (75°F). The hottest months are July and August, when the mercury regularly tops 30°C (87°F), although the humidity at this time of year can make things feel even stickier. Once you head up into the mountains, temperatures fall off, particularly at night – travelling from a sweltering Port-au-Prince uphill to Kenscoff easily necessitates bringing an extra layer to throw on. Haiti gets most of its rain between April and November, although in the north local climate systems mean that that the wetter months are around November to March. Along with the summer rain, August presages the start of hurricane season, with high winds potentially lasting into November.

What to see and do in Haiti

Citadelle Henry

Even before you reach it, the statistics about the Citadelle Henry demand that you be impressed: on top of a mountain 900m above sea level, 14 years to build with the labour of 20,000 people, and with walls 4m thick and 40m high. By some way the biggest fort in the Caribbean, it could hold a garrison of 5,000 people for a year, and yet it never saw its guns fired in conflict.

Visitors get their first glimpse of the Citadelle soon after leaving the village of Choiseul. The landscape suddenly opens up and there it sits above you, its massive scale designed to humble anyone approaching. The sharp wedge of its forward bastion sits high out of the vegetation, ‘the prow of a ship breasting a green wave’, in the words of one observer, but cleverly shaped to shield the bulk of the fort from prevailing storms coming from the coast. 

Construction began in 1804, when Dessalines ordered the fortification of Haiti against future invasion. Larger than anything previously constructed, it was to be a final redoubt and seat of power in the north. Its radical design mixes up elements of the most cutting-edge military architecture of the time, though the names of its architects have been lost. The surrounding slopes were cultivated with food crops, protected under the cover of the Citadelle’s cannons, while the roofs were designed to capture water to feed the huge cisterns. Anyone attempting to lay siege here would surely have their work cut out.

On the north side of the courtyard is the Governor’s Palace, which is sometimes opened for exhibitions. A more permanent museum is to the right of the palace, below the Royal Battery. It has a small display of period artefacts, and showroom for an excellent 20-minute documentary (in English and French) about Henry Christophe.

From here climb up to the southeast-facing Princess’s Battery, for the most spectacular views the Citadelle can offer. From here you can see as far as Cap-Haïtien, and Christophe could look out with his spyglass to observe what ships were arriving in port. The whole of the Plaine du Nord is laid out before you, with the ranks of the Massif du Nord queuing up behind. When the clouds close in as they quickly can, you can feel isolated from the whole world. On every side there are some frighteningly sheer drops. It’s at this point that guides often tell the story of Christophe demonstrating the fanatical loyalty of his soldiers by ordering an entire company to march off the walls. It’s apocryphal, but you can well imagine the messy end – be thankful for the recently installed safety rails.

Grotte Marie Jeanne

The Marie Jeanne Cave (Grotte Marie Jeanne) is the largest cave system in Haiti, and one of the largest in the entire Caribbean. Located on a hill 20 minutes’ walk above Port-à-Piment, its galleries extend 4km below the surface.

The cave entrance is kept locked. To arrange a visit, call local guide Jean-Baptiste Eliovil (tel: 3638 2292/3782 3275 ), who helped map the cave with a speleological survey team from West Kentucky University. He can provide hard hats, but bring your own torches.

At the gate, there’s an impressive information board with a map and caving safety information in multiple languages. Metal steps lead down into the cave. The entrance was revealed by the collapse of the ceiling of a central gallery, now long overgrown with trees. Three cave galleries lead off this bowl. The first you’re taken to is the most open of the three. The floor is covered in bat guano, while roots extend into the mouth – all rich environments for cave fauna. Most notable are the impressively large Amblypigids (whip spiders, or whip scorpions), with wiry legs that extend up to 40cm from their bodies. Their mandibles look scary, but arachnophobes should take heart that they are in fact quite harmless.

The most impressive of the three galleries is full of beautiful formations, each with its own name. The pachyderm-like ‘Elephant’ has a beautiful quartz glint, while the twin stalagmites of the ‘Two Candles’ tower over you at 3m high. Near the top of the gallery is a narrow chamber with overhead ‘cathedral bells’, and the ‘robes of Marie-Jeanne’ hanging down in smooth stony folds.

The final gallery is the deepest and has its own metal staircase descending into the mouth. Near the entrance there’s a small reflecting pool contained by a travertine dam. Casual visitors will probably be happy with this, but for avid spelunkers there’s the potential to explore much further – the passages from here lead deep into the hill.

Jacmel is probably the most visited town outside Port-au-Prince for foreigners. It’s an easy sell – a renowned centre for arts and handicrafts, with some great architecture and easy access to some fine beaches. It’s also just a couple of hours’ drive from the capital on a scenic road over the mountains, and every February half of Haiti seems to descend for Jacmel’s famous Carnival, a celebration that easily rivals that of Port-au-Prince. Jacmel is the sort of laid-back Caribbean town that it’s hard not to be taken with.

Jacmel has always attracted tourists, but recent investments have seen it really starting to show off its best face. There’s a new boardwalk, tourist centre, and an arts programme that has seen bright public mosaics spring up across the town. The restoration of the historic heart of Jacmel, on the drawing board since before the earthquake, is finally underway, with local and national authorities working in tandem. If this regeneration continues, Jacmel’s place as a tourist jewel – not just for Haiti but for the Caribbean – seems increasingly assured.

Jérémie is one of those places in Haiti that feels like a long way from anywhere. Relatively few people seem to make it here, which is a shame, because it’s a charming and relaxed little city, smack in the middle of the greenest and lushest corner of the country.

Self-styled as the ‘City of Poets’, Jérémie is the base for wider discovery of the Grand Anse, with towns such as Dame Marie and Abricots to visit, and beautiful beaches to have pretty much to yourself. 

The surrounding fertile mountains produce avocados, coffee, cacao and a dozen other crops. Jérémie is also famous for komparet , a deliciously heavy gingercake-bread.

Jérémie sits next to the Grand Anse River – the views in the morning are particularly lovely when the mist seems to smoke off the valley. Fishermen stand waist-high with throw nets to catch fish, particularly the tiny anchovy-like piskit, which swarm in great numbers several times a year. You’ll frequently also see long bamboo rafts called pipirit (after the trilling song of the tropical kingbird), which villagers upstream build in a day to bring their produce to market.

Môle Saint-Nicholas

Getting to Môle Saint-Nicholas can feel like getting to the end of Haiti. Unless you’re flying in on a private plane, you’ll have endured some of the bumpiest roads in the country and its most arid landscapes, seemingly populated by little more than cactus, agave and a few scrubby trees. It’s ironic, because in some ways, the town could be called the start of Haiti: it was here, on 6 December 1492, that Christopher Columbus first made landfall in the country.

Môle Saint-Nicholas sits in a large bay enclosed by a narrow peninsula. The land is particularly barren and littered with fossils – this part of Haiti was formed by marine uplift of ancient coral terraces, and there are hundreds of caves between here and Jean Rabel that are only now beginning to be surveyed by speleologists. There’s little agriculture here, and for those not involved in fishing, charcoal production and export to the capital is an economic mainstay.

For a town so far out of the way, Môle Saint-Nicholas punches well above its weight in terms of reasons to visit. It has a fabulous beach that offers great snorkelling, and its past has bequeathed it a good selection of colonial forts. But better yet, the municipality seem to be trying very hard to develop tourism in the area, and information boards at the different historical sites. If Môle Saint-Nicholas was close to Port-au-Prince, it would be a popular weekend destination. As it is, those making it here can get a real sense of discovering an unknown corner of the country.

Parc Nationale la Visite

Hiking across Parc National la Visite has to be one of the most exhilarating forms of exercise that Haiti can offer, and if your time in the country has involved spending a lot of time stuck in Port-au-Prince’s traffic, then the escape to the mountains is simply divine. Most people choose to trek from Furcy to Seguin in the heart of the national park. It’s a long half-day according to your fitness levels, and there’s accommodation at the end of it. From Seguin, you can stay and explore on foot, retrace your steps to Furcy, or continue down the mountains to finish eventually in Jacmel.

It’s best to start early from Furcy to avoid too much hiking in the heat of the day, as the sun is a lot stronger at this altitude. The path from Carrefour Badyo has uninterrupted views out across the Massif de la Selle. The terrain here is largely denuded of trees, but wherever the slopes give any sort of purchase, they’ve been intensively terraced. The red soil might look dry and dusty but it is incredibly fertile. As the path bends around the ridges, you’ll encounter a continuous stream of people walking, particularly women carrying incredible loads of produce on their heads to take to market. It’s tough work, and there’s virtually no shade. Bring ample water, but also remember that clouds can roll in at any time, shrouding the views in mist and sending the temperature plummeting.

The path to Seguin is almost entirely uphill, but the views are constantly rewarding. As you near Seguin, the land begins to level out somewhat and trees start to reappear. This is the pine forest at the heart of the national park. Growing among the trees are huge agave plants, and ferns that thrive on the cooler, damper atmosphere here.

Swathes of the pine forest are fenced to prevent cutting for charcoal and grazing of livestock. Most of the forest is actually less than 100 years old, as it was commercially logged throughout the 20th century. The park was gazetted in 1983 and covers 30km 2 . It’s an important watershed and is rich in birdlife – twitchers could easily spend a day or more here. There’s great potential in the area for mountain biking, too. While portions of the route from Furcy are so rough as to demand you dismount and push, the area around Seguin has endless ribbons of single track and walking paths that should be enjoyable to even novice riders, with plenty of trails for the more dedicated. There’s a lovely walk up to Rivière Blanche, with a tumbling waterfall.

As you descend from the auberge to Seguin proper, the plateau is littered with fields of weird rock formations jutting out from the ground. Made of limestone karst weathered into jagged shapes, their local name kraze dan (broken teeth) seems entirely appropriate. Once the early-morning mist burns off, the views stretch out to the Caribbean Sea.

It’s all downhill from here. At Seguin you can find moto-taxis to take you down to the coast, or it’s another half-day’s walk. The path is cobbled and broken in some places, the remains of the old logging road built by the Americans in the 1920s. As you descend further, the landscape becomes a little more lush, until you eventually pop out at Savanne de Bois, and then Marigot – small towns that were once clearing houses for coffee merchants. Marigot sits on the main road to Jacmel, 30 minutes away by taptap.

( Photo: A stunning stretch of white sand on the beach at Port Salut © Paul Clammer )

In recent years, Port Salut has become the place for weekend breaks from Port-au-Prince. One look at the long stretch of palm-fringed white sand and it’s easy to see why. Hotels seem to be springing up all along the coast to satisfy demand – but since this is Haiti, there’s still some way to go before things reach the crush of many other Caribbean beach destinations. Come during the week and you can still have the place pretty much to yourself.

Port Salut is neatly paved, and strung quite some way along the coast. The part most people are interested in is the beach at Pointe Sable. All your favourite Caribbean holiday clichés are here to be fulfilled – miles of clean white sand lapped by a shining blue sea, the occasional beach bar serving grilled fish, with the whole thing fringed with coconut palms. Pointe Sable is on the western edge of Port Salut – there’s access via a slip-road ( vehicle entrance 50HTG ).

Most people will be rightly content with kicking back and spending their time here doing nothing more energetic than ordering another rum sour. If you want something a little more active, Cascade Touyac is a small but pretty waterfall about half an hour’s walk inland from near the turning for Pointe Sable – anyone will be able to direct you. It’s possible to swim in the pool beneath the 10m-high falls. With a vehicle, an ideal day trip is to Port-à-Piment, for a visit to the stunning Grotte Marie Jeanne.

A longer drive on a rougher road up into the hills would take you through the tiny hamlet of Douyon. It’s a poor and very dry area, but when you approach the village, a gleaming new road appears as if by magic. Douyon was the home village of Jean-Bertrand Aristide.

If you carry on driving for another 5km or so, the road runs along a high ridge where, in a couple of places, it’s possible to look north and south and see the sea on both sides of the southern peninsula – spectacular.

Port Salut’s fête patronale is held on 4 August. Bullfights are held on Saturdays throughout the year, in the fields behind the police commissariat. It’s not a bloody man-versus-bull competition, but a locked-horns pushing contest between bulls. It’s a sport peculiar to the town, with plenty of betting on the side among spectators.

Port-au-Prince

Haiti’s buzzing capital is uncompromising and irrepressible. As the economic, political and cultural hub of the country, it ceaselessly sucks in migrants from across the country – when people say that the ‘Republic of Port-au-Prince’ is a completely separate country to the rest of Haiti, they’re only half-joking.

Perhaps two million people live in the greater metropolitan area, squeezed in between the coastal plains and the high slopes of the mountains that rise above them. Designed for a population a quarter of its size, Port-au-Prince’s infrastructure creaks and groans under the pressure, a state of affairs that has only grown since swathes of the city crumbled in the 2010 earthquake . Rebuilding has been slow and the scars are visible, but contrary to the expectations of many first-time visitors, the city is not one giant rubble pile.

Far from it. Port-au-Prince’s spirit is very much alive. It’s a sweaty and noisy place, its streets clogged with street vendors and traffic jams, but it’s also a place of lively music, vibrant art and great restaurants, of impromptu soccer games watched with a cold beer from a street vendor, church singing, and impeccably uniformed school children streaming to class every morning. The concrete-block houses of the developing world sit cheek by jowl with fancy ‘gingerbread’ houses, while the city remains surprisingly green given its uncontrolled development – don’t be surprised if you catch sight of a flock of parrots winging their way between mango trees. In all this, perhaps the jokers are right after all – Port-au-Prince is Haiti, in all its glory and contradictions, and a mile away from the dangerous and chaotic reputation that swirls around it.

Many visitors to Port-au-Prince tend to divide their time between either downtown (‘la Ville’) or up the hill in Pétionville. The majority of sights are found downtown, while Pétionville has a better variety of eating options and shops. Choices for accommodation are split fairly evenly between them.

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Haiti: beautiful beaches, mountaintop fortresses, unspoilt nature and voodoo

Haiti occupies around a third of Hispaniola, the second largest island in the Caribbean, sharing it with the prosperous Dominican Republic. Earthquakes, ruthless dictators, death squads and zombies are just some of the reasons that the country hasn’t quite made it onto the tourist map.

As a result it retains a unique culture, almost a different continent, with a glorious coastline, the largest fortress in the Americas and the vibrant capital of Port au Prince, completely recovered from the 2010 earthquake.

For me that was enough reason to visit.

Ouanaminthe

I leave Dajabón in the Dominican Republic and cross the Massacre River to Ouanaminthe in Haiti, on the other side. It’s chaotic as it’s market day here – Haitians grabbing a bargain on the DR side, queues of ramshackle pickups piled high with sacks of rice, chickens and chairs on the bridge. I keep my hand on my wallet and hang on to my belongings. Fortunately I have a guide who helps me with the formalities and smooths my crossing.

Haitians crossing the border while returning from the market (c) Rupert Parker

Compared to the Dominican Republic, it’s like going back in time. The 90-minute drive North West passes through flatlands, populated by sparse shrub, with bags of charcoal by the side of the road. I can’t believe the number of makeshift wooden shacks running their own private lotteries, and there are certainly more of them than the small stalls selling baskets of fruit.

Cap-Haitien

Cap Haitien (c) Rupert Parker

I’m soon by the sea in Cap-Haitien, originally Cap-Francais, and the second largest city in Haiti. Apart from the plastic garbage littering the beach, it’s an attractive place, stuffed with colourful late 19th century buildings, all balconies and tall shuttered doors in the colonial style. Motorbike taxis ply the narrow streets and kids, in their impressive starched uniforms, are just leaving school.

The Place d’Armes, the main square, has the Cathédrale Notre Dame on one side and the Hotel de Ville on the other. The Roi Christophe University is in one corner and students are eating their lunch, under the statue of Jean-Jacques Dessalines, the hero of the Haitian Revolution. There’s also a memorial to the slave leaders who were executed by the French here in the 18th century.

Place d’Armes (c) Rupert Parker

As I take the coast road out of town, alongside a deeply turquoise sea, I reflect that this has the potential to be one of the world’s great destinations. Security is still a potential problem and the beach needs a clean but it’s a beautiful spot. Cormier Plage , an attractive seafront hotel, has belonged to the same French family for a couple of generations and it makes a good base to explore further.

Next day, I set out for the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Royal Palace and Citadelle in Milot, around 30km inland. We climb gradually through lush tropical vegetation, on a narrow road which abruptly comes to an end. In front of me are the impressive ruins of the San-Souci Palace, destroyed by an earthquake in 1842.

Sans Souci Palace (c) Rupert Parker

Henri Christophe, King of North Haiti, built this palace between 1810 and 1813 and it was designed to impress. He wanted to show foreigners that black people were as civilised as whites. It all ended badly, as the King committed suicide in 1820, after suffering a stroke, with his enemies approaching. The palace lay empty until the 1842 earthquake finished it off.

A grand staircase, once flanked by bronze lions, leads inside, and there are a series of banqueting halls, private apartments and even a throne room. Unfortunately the walls have been reduced to bare brick and it’s impossible to tell what was what. The grounds once contained extensive gardens with a large pool and the hospital is now a school. The adjacent church, where Henri was crowned, survived the earthquake, although the dome has had to be rebuilt. It’s one of the oldest in the country, dating from 1804.

Henri’s greatest achievement, though is his Citadelle, perched on top of the mountain and inaccessible by car. There are horses for hire but I choose to walk the mile uphill and enjoy the stunning views. The fortress is hidden for most of the way, until suddenly the fortress walls, rising 40m from the rock, rise up in front of you. It took 20,000 workers 15 years to build and was part of a chain of fortifications to protect the newly independent Haiti from the French.

Citadelle (c) Rupert Parker

Apparently, it’s the largest fortress in the Americas but was never tested in battle. Originally it was fitted with 355 cannons, stolen from the French, and over 150 still remain, along with 50,000 cannon balls. It’s the world’s largest collection of 18th century cannons and includes some British cannons, marked with the crest of the Duke of Marlborough.

Citadelle Cannons (c) Rupert Parker

You enter through a drawbridge into a network of large cisterns and storehouses, designed to provide a year’s food and water for 5000 soldiers. There are palace quarters for the king and his family and of course extensive dungeons. It covers a vast area of 10,000 square metres and King Henri is buried here. Unlike his palace, it was completely undamaged by the earthquake of 1842.

Port au Prince

From Cap-Haitien I take a short flight to the capital Port au Prince or PAP, as it’s known locally. The city was almost flattened by the devastating 2010 earthquake but I’m surprised to see little evidence. Of course the Presidential Palace collapsed, now inaccessible behind boarded up walls, and the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption is in ruins, but otherwise rebuilding has been relatively swift.

Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption in ruins (c) Rupert Parker

The Musée du Panthéon National Haïtien lies safely underground beneath pretty sculpture gardens in the centre of town. It features key figures from the struggle for independence and tells the history of the country. Exhibits include the rusting anchor of Columbus’ flagship, the Santa María, the silver pistol with which Henri Christophe took his own life and ‘Papa Doc’ Duvalier’s trademark black hat and cane. Opposite is Aristide’s Bicentennial Tower, standing proud, although nobody can understand what it’s for.

Gardens above Musée du Panthéon National Haïtien (c) Rupert Parker

The liveliest part of town is around the Marché en Fer, two red iron-framed structures that were originally destined for a railway station in Cairo, but came to Haiti in 1891. One market hall is for produce whereas the other is an Aladdin’s cave of voodoo paraphernalia, artisan sculptures, masks and paintings. The streets around are packed with stalls, spilling over the pavements, selling everything imaginable.

Marché en Fer (c) Rupert Parker

The residential areas of Pacot and Bois Verna contain the few 19th century gingerbread houses that survived the earthquake. Brick-filled timber frames hosting graceful balconies adorned with lacy wooden latticework, define a lost era. Many of them are in an advanced state of decay, as these days the rich consider this part of town too dangerous. Perhaps the most famous example of this style is the Oloffson Hotel, near the centre, which featured in Graham Greene’s The Comedians.

After a couple of days in Port au Prince, I need some fresh air so climb 10km south east into the foothills of the Chaîne de la Selle mountain range. It’s great to escape the traffic of the capital and I’m going to Kenscoff to meet Jane Wynne. Her father founded a farm here in 1956, propagating indigenous species to help conserve Haiti’s rich biodiversity.

View of Port au Prince from Kenscoff (c) Rupert Parker

She’s still focusing on conservation and these days the Wynne Farm Ecological Park offers environmental education to locals, as well as horse riding and yoga classes. I settle for a guided tour around the site’s 30 acres, learning about the native plants and taking in the fantastic views. Looking out into this lush countryside I can see that it’s something that’s definitely worth preserving.

FLY:  Sunrise Airways flies internally and also has connections to the Dominican Republic.

The Karibe Hotel is a comfortable base in Port au Prince and has excellent food.

Cormier Beach Resort is just outside Cap-Haitien on a beautiful stretch of coast.

TOUR:  Explore Haiti offers bespoke tours and ground transportation.

MORE INFO: Experience Haiti has information about the country.

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You are here: Home » Travel » Travel to Haiti: First Impressions

Travel to Haiti: First Impressions

Last Updated on July 21, 2021 by Audrey Scott

Haiti. It’s a country that most people today still associate with earthquakes, coups, and unrest – a sort of irretrievable chaos. Before traveling to Haiti, we knew very little about the country. Even after performing our own research — let’s face it, there’s little information on Haiti beyond the headline news – we weren’t quite certain what we would find, experience or feel while there.

Haiti is complicated. Even Haitians will tell you that. Each time we thought we grasped something about Haiti, another event would intervene that would help us realize we had only just peeled back one layer of our understanding of the Haitian cultural onion. And that’s what makes Haiti so fascinating: it tempts one to question, to experience, to learn and to re-learn – an invitation to penetrate as closely as a visitor might to its innermost layers.

When we shared photos and updates while on our tour to Haiti , readers would respond: “Is that really Haiti?”

Welcome to Haiti. Time to become a little more familiar – with the everyday, the exceptional and the forces to be continually reckoned with.

1. Travel Safety in Haiti

Time to dispatch the elephant in the room. When we first announced we were headed to Haiti, responses of concern were not only common, but they often spelled expectations of doom. One reader, to wit, offered this: “I hope you survive.”

There’s no denying Haiti has historically experienced its share of instability over the decades. Between 2004 and 2006, kidnapping of wealthy Haitians, international executives and aid workers was common. In the aftermath of the 2010 earthquake, crime and assaults increased. But as our visit to Rwanda earlier this year demonstrated, countries are not forever suspended in time: they change, they evolve, and many, quite thankfully, move on.

As foreign travelers in Haiti, we surprisingly never felt targeted or at risk – neither in the peace of its mountains or the din of its cities. It is true that much of the time we were with a group or with others, but even when Dan or I often peeled off to engage with people, explore markets and meander down side streets on our own, we did not feel anything menacing.

Of course, common sense and basic safety measures still apply. As in most countries (including my own, the United States), I would not wander inner city streets alone at night. As taxis are surprisingly uncommon in Haiti, even in cities such as Port-au-Prince, I would arrange return transport in advance so as not be stuck without a way back to wherever I happened to be staying.

If you pack some developing world travel sense and especially follow the advice outlined in #3 below, you’ll likely find yourself feeling pretty comfortable with Haiti and its people.

2. A Land of Mountains

Despite the fact that the word Haiti means “mountainous land,” we envisioned only a few hills here and there. Instead, the country is defined by layers of mountains.

We managed a glimpse of this on our flight approach to Port-au-Prince, but our first on-the-ground taste occurred on our hike up to La Citadelle Laferrière near the town of Cap-Haïtien in northern Haiti.

Our appreciation of Haiti's landscape was complete with our hike up to Pic la Selle , Haiti’s highest mountain, and through nearby Parc National La Visite.

It’s no wonder that Haitians say “ Dèyè mon gen mon .” (Behind the mountain, there are mountains.) This Haitian proverb proved one of my favorites, as it’s not only appropriate to the country’s landscape but also metaphorically fitting to the country’s history and circumstances. “There is more than meets the eye” repeatedly rang true during our visit to Haiti.

3. “A greeting is your passport.”

“ Bonjou se paspò ou ,” is another of a raft of available Haitian proverbs, one we learned early and put into practice often during our trip. Simple gestures such as saying “ bonjou ” (hello in local Kreyòl), offering a smile and nodding in respect tends to open doors of good will. Perhaps this is obvious advice, a generally accepted good travel principle, but it is particularly relevant to Haiti.

On the surface, Haitians can sometimes show a stern, skeptical look that might not feel particularly welcoming at first glance. However, a respectful greeting and smile can help break down that tough exterior, thereby reducing some of the distance between you as the blan (literally meaning “white,” but slang for foreigner) and local people.

Haitians are a social bunch. Perfect strangers call each other cheri meaning “my dear” (I loved when I was referred to this way). With monikers like this, Haitians transform the atmosphere from the appearance of something serious to something more open and laughter-filled in a matter of moments.

It's also important to note that, in general, Haitians don't especially invite or seem to enjoy having their photograph taken. It's completely understandable given that there has been a string of photojournalists who have focused mostly on negative aspects of the country; people are tired of that. Best to store the big camera and lens until you've established a bit of a rapport, ask for permission and have some fun with the process by showing the image afterwards.

4. Vodou in Haiti

“Haiti is 80% Catholic, 20% Protestant and 100% Vodou.”

Often when people think of Vodou (or Voodoo, as we foreigners like to spell it) they imagine the Hollywood-branded version: pins stuck into a voodoo doll, evil curses placed, zombies roaming the earth. Perhaps it does not come as a surprise when we say that Vodou in reality seems a far cry from this.

We were fortunate to spend time with a Vodou hougon (priest) who was open to answering questions about his practice and spirituality when we visited his ounfo (temple). Vodou in Haiti is a complex belief system that blends traditions and practices from West Africa, carried by slaves brought over during the 17th-19th centuries, with colonial Catholicism and a few local twists. At the core of Vodou are the lwa , spirits which serve as intermediaries to assist human beings to communicate and connect with a single, distant God.

There are hundreds of lwa , divided elaborately into societies. Each has his or her own characteristics and symbolism and ways in which they wish to be served. During a Vodou ceremony, a lwa will be summoned, and will often take over the body of someone present in order to provide spiritual and physical guidance and healing. A certain brand of emotional rawness is at work that yields an appreciation that death and life are in fact bound close together.

As one hougon explained to us: “Vodou, it is what you cannot see that is all around you.” The suggestion: our practice only manifests what is already there.

Once you comprehend this, you’ve set off on the road to understand Vodou and the Haitian approach thereto.

Note: If you are interested to learn more about Vodou and its practice in Haiti, consider reading The Serpent and the Rainbow by Wade Davis.

5. Renegade Artists

Haitians demonstrate a remarkable artistic expression. Where this is most obvious is in veins of renegade artist communities such as Atis Rezistans , a group of avant-garde artists who live and create along a segment of Port-au-Prince’s Grand Rue. André Eugène and Jean Hérard Céleur, the founding artists of Atis Rezistans, broke tradition by cultivating a censorship-free artistic expression that defied social norms. Almost 15 years later, Atis Rezistans operates as a collective guided by a philosophy of sharing and support that trains young artists through its Ti Moun Rezistans program.

To me, the feeling in this artist community is one of undressed emotion and unfettered expression. It’s clear in the atmosphere and also apparent in the works themselves.

On the surface, the art appears to exist as if to shock, particularly to a visitor like me. But it becomes apparent that the intention of their work is to stand as an emotional interpretation of a cycle of life to death, with all the requisite fears, dreams, and sex that make us human laid bare.

Artists rely heavily on recycled materials, lending a sense of re-packaging and re-purposing of emotion. Discarded items are incorporated, life’s detritus finds new life. And maybe even new hope.

“There is no death without life…there is no art that is not a liberation of the force of life. And when death is around you all the time, you try to profit from every day of life.” – Romel Jean Pierre, an artist and filmmaker at Atis Rezistans.

6. Everything tastes better with a few chili peppers, even peanut butter.

We knew almost nothing about Haitian cuisine prior to our visit, so we look forward to writing about it in depth and sharing it with you very soon. One of the facets of Haitian food that we especially enjoyed is its occasionally liberal and often creative application of spice and employment of chili peppers. As evidence, witness spiced peanut butter whereby a Scotch Bonnet or Habanero pepper is a thrown in with a batch of ground peanuts.

“ OK, heat in food I get. But spicy peanut butter?!? ”

Yes. And we can attest to its goodness.

Throw in Haitian hot chocolate, grilled lobster, plenty of beans, odd greens, breadfruit, avocados and dark rum and you have the making for some culinary joy.

But you’ll just have to wait for our Haitian food throw-down to hear more about all of it.

7. A Country Rich in Proverbs

No two ways about it, Haiti has a way with words. Its proverbs are deep and funny, often sad, sometimes crude, always clever. It occurs to me that Haitian proverbs are a manifestation of the country’s narrative, a form of storytelling, evidence of the importance of oral tradition in Haiti in sharing wisdom and lessons.

A day couldn't go by when we’d question or notice something and hear in response: “We have a saying for that in Haiti.”

The proverb shared was usually one with a story behind it that helped peel back for us another layer of the cultural complexity that is Haiti — one part quirky and another dark, evincing a certain pliability or resilience that almost seems required of Haitian people given their country’s history. Honesty and a bit of reflective self-deprecating humor, too.

Even when things are bad, rise up a proverb to place it all in perspective and shed some honest light on all that we humans do, good and bad.

Here are a few of my favorites:

Note: We learned these through English translations; we imagine the versions in their original Kreyòl are even better.

“ Lang pa lanmè, men li ka neye-w. ” — The tongue is not the sea, but it can drown you. “ Bourik swe pou chwal dekore ak dentel. ” — The donkey sweats so the horse can be decorated with lace. “ Avèk pasyans w'ap wè tete foumi .” — With patience, you can see the tits on an ant.

If you are interested in further availing yourself of Haitian wisdom through its proverbs, here is a great list .

A note on language in Haiti: French is the language of schools and government, but Haitian Creole (Kreyòl) is the language of the people.

Although one could argue that Kreyòl is French-based, the differences between the two are greater than their similarities. You’ll notice some common words and vocabulary, taken from French and employed in Kreyòl, but Kreyòl is spelled differently than French and is more phonetic. Beyond that, the structure of the languages is quite different.

8. 2010 Earthquake Recovery, International Aid

A common question asked of us since returning from Haiti: Can you still see the effects of the 2010 earthquake? (The catastrophic one centered near Port-au-Prince that killed an estimated 220,000 people.)

As you walk around downtown Port-au-Prince, buildings that were destroyed by the earthquake remain abandoned. In the city’s Champs de Mar area where the Palais National once stood, the square is filled with red corrugated metal construction walls.

But life goes on. It must. The central market, the Marché en Fer, was destroyed but has been rebuilt. Vendors have returned, new communities have emerged in the ruins of others. Haiti is very much an example of rebirth in the face of devastation and destruction.

You can still find a prominent international aid presence in Haiti; some organizations were there before the earthquake, others arrived afterwards and haven’t left. As anywhere in the world where a large donor-funded international aid presence exists, you can feel the draw of a double-edged sword. The flow of donor money to help in Haiti’s recovery has done a lot of good. However, big aid begets pockets if not a prevailing attitude of dependency and reliance on foreign handouts that paradoxically crowd out local solutions and create distortions in the local economy for real estate and other goods. Help is needed, but so is the idea that the citizens of Haiti must also find solutions that are suited to their own needs and context.

Haiti is clearly a fertile country. It’s disappointing to see it depend so much on imported food when one imagines it could produce so much itself. We sincerely hope that the will exists to pursue long-term investments in education, infrastructure and agricultural reform.

Easier said than done, we know. But we can see the potential.

9. Haitian Music and the Singing President

“No matter what we do we have the drum. When we have problems we sing and dance, when we are happy we sing and dance. There's always the drum in Haiti” –  Maurice Etienne, Lakou Lakay Cultural Center

Music is infectious in Haiti; rhythm seems deep in the bones. Drums and dancing are integral to Vodou ceremonies and practice, but the love of and prevalence of music carries to all aspects of life. It's not uncommon to see workers unconsciously incorporating a few dance moves here and there as they stock shelves or work the market while listening to local music.

Haiti's current president, Michel Martelly, is also a famous musician. Known better as Sweet Micky, Martelly and his band play konpa , a style of Haitian music derived from local Méringue (similar perhaps, but not the same as Dominican Merengue ) that further blends Haitian folk music with an imprint of American jazz leftover from the U.S. occupation from 1914-1934.

One of our best memories of Haitian music involved the kitchen staff at Auberge La Visite in the mountains near Seguin. They listened to konpa endlessly. We found ourselves drawn into the kitchen to find out the name behind the catchy tunes and infectious rhythmic earworms — 30-minute long ball renditions of classic konpa — that consumed the building. Although the origin of these tunes is up for discussion, the voice most often behind what we heard: Sweet Micky .

( Note: If you happen to be in Port-au-Prince area on a Friday night be sure to go by Presse Café for a live konpa band and a wide open dance floor.)

10. Haitians Love Their Lottery

Everywhere you go in Haiti, from the tiniest of villages to the biggest of cities, you will see plenty of colorful outposts labeled bank . My initial thought: a vast and highly competitive micro-credit industry in Haiti?

I was later informed these were borlettes , or Haitian lottery outlets. Lottery, it turns out, is a national pastime. For legitimacy, lottery numbers in Haiti are based on New York Lotto numbers, drawn twice daily. As one Haitian we met put it, “Are you kidding? No Haitian would trust numbers drawn here in Haiti!”

The idea: you purchase a hand-signed ticket indicating your choice of a series of 2-digit numbers. From there, a complicated betting option exists where you can “marry” your numbers together for bigger winnings should you guess correctly more than one number. Although I didn't quite fully understand my betting options and the mathematical gymnastics embedded therein, I placed a bet on three numbers and purchased a double marriage to ensure I’d win the maximum were I to choose all three numbers correctly.

Here’s what happened:

I won!! I selected one correct number. From my 40 gourd ($0.90) bet on three numbers, I won 100 gourds (about $2).

As my new Haitian saying goes, “It’s not how much you win, but whether you win at all.”

A huge thanks goes to Jean Cyril Pressoir , our G Adventures CEO (guide) in Haiti. He told great stories, knew a proverb for every conceivable life scenario, and never seemed to tire of our questions about his country.

Essential Information for Traveling in Haiti

Finding hotels in Haiti: Our hotels were arranged via our G Adventures tour, but most of the main touristic destinations like Port-au-Prince , Jacmel , Cap-Haïtien or Port-Salut have a variety of accommodation options, from inexpensive guesthouses to more luxurious hotels, that can be booked online. We stayed at Le Plaza Hotel in Port-au-Prince, which is right downtown and walking distance to a lot of places in the city.

Compare rates at hotels throughout Haiti | Read reviews of hotels in Haiti

How to get to Haiti: We traveled from Berlin, Germany to Port-au-Prince Haiti via Miami. There are several flights from Miami (and other destinations in Florida), New York City, Houston, Chicago, Los Angeles and other cities around the United States to Port-au-Prince. There are also several direct flights to Cap-Haïtien. We often use Skyscanner or Expedia to compare flight prices and book tickets.

Recommended guidebook for Haiti: We used the Bradt Guide to Haiti during our trip and highly recommend it. The author, Paul Clammer, spent a considerable amount of time living in Haiti to research this book. It has also been recently been updated in January 2017.

Recommended reading for Haiti: I really enjoyed the book The Serpent and the Rainbow by ethnobotanist Wade Davis. The book documents his research in Haiti studying zombis and going deep into trying to understand vodou. This booked helped me understand the historical and cultural importance of vodou in Haiti, and how it is like no other religion or spirituality I've ever studied. Truly fascinating. Also recommended is The Comedians by Graham Greene. You can even see the room he stayed in at to write the book at Hotel Oloffson .

Recommended travel insurance: Don’t travel through Haiti without travel insurance. You never know if you'll end up with some bug or sprain your ankle when climbing up to the fort, or your phone gets stolen, or some illness or injury means you need to cancel all or portions of your trip. With all of these scenarios, travel insurance will be there to help you and ensure that you don't end up with a huge bill at the end. We recommend and used for years World Nomads as travel insurance for trips to Haiti.

Haiti Travel Podcast

Grab a coffee and listen in to the Amateur Traveler Podcast on Haiti where we talk about our travels throughout the country– where we went, what surprised us, what we felt, and more.

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If you plan to book this or another tour with G Adventures , please consider starting the process by clicking on one of the links above. The price remains the same to you and we earn a small commission. Thank you!

About Audrey Scott

55 thoughts on “travel to haiti: first impressions”.

I haven’t been to Haiti and I’m now so curious about their culture, their food, the must visits, the people and their art and music.. they seem like they would keep you company and make you comfortable in your stay. But that baby is really creepy. But it’s awesome.

Rachel, and we only scratched the surface with this piece! It was tough to decide what to include in these first impressions as there is SO much to experience and learn in Haiti. The culture, music, arts and cuisine are all unique and I hope that this is what Haiti puts forward for tourism development and its image. And yes, that baby is a bit creepy (and awesome), but it’s nothing compared to some of the other art pieces 🙂

Now, that gives a very different perspective compared to how Haiti is seen & presented in the west. I didn’t know there is so much to explore in the mountains there! Love the fact how they find a proverb to everything & I guess they are great storytellers too. Based on your experience, what do you think, how much is Haiti accessible for independent travellers (e.g.accommodation, transport)? Thanks again for an inside view and the tip on the Wade Davis’ book!

Ivana, the goal of this piece (and future ones) was to give an idea of what Haiti is like on the ground and little bits of its culture and characteristic. Unfortunately, this is rarely covered in the news. And Haitians are frustrated that the only image of their country that is portrayed is of violence and destruction. As you see there is SO many more stories and avenues to explore to the country and culture.

As for your question regarding independent travel, Haiti is still in early stages and I’m hoping that with more people visiting in the next years competition will create more options and better prices. As for transport, there are buses (i.e., not pick-up trucks or chicken buses) that go between the main cities. But, transport within the cities and to activities/sites can be a bit tricky and the usual mode of local transport is on the back of a motorbike (but usually without a helmet). If you are comfortable on a motorbike, then that makes transport a bit easier 🙂

Accommodation can be found in most places where travelers would go, but it’s not inexpensive (e.g., expect minimum $60 for a basic double room). This is because there isn’t much competition and Haiti has had a large international aid community for a while and they can often afford more expensive options. We didn’t look into Couchsurfing or Airbnb, but those might be good budget options.

Street food is usually cheap (e.g., $2 for rice and a stew that is big enough for 2-3 people), but eating in a restaurant starts to add up as even the most basic places are about $6-7 for a regular lunch while at nicer restaurants you’re looking at $12+. One of the reasons for this is that so much in Haiti is imported so just getting some of the ingredients can get costly.

However, there is so much culturally that you’ll find in Haiti that you won’t find elsewhere that if you are traveling in the region I would definitely try to spend 1-2 weeks there. Hope this information helps!!

Thank you very much for this, Audrey. Transport and food sounds great and accommodation… well, as you said, with more visitors more options will appear. Still, Haiti looks to me as a very interesting place to go and see something really different. Thanks for the tips and looking forward to upcoming posts and more info!

Audrey, I love this article. And how can you not love a country with expression about patience and tits on an ant! When I am next in Miami, I will book a tour. Thank you for the motivation….Jan P.

Jan, thanks so much for your kind comment and glad that we intrigued you enough about Haiti to include it next time you visit Miami. Can’t wait to hear your stories from there!!

We also loved the proverb about patience and the ant. There are even more like that, but we tried to keep the selection here clean 🙂

I like how real this story, and the images show the country is. It doesn’t look like its been covered over with a blanket to only show you the best parts of the country and the people. Surely these people have been through hard times, and that is just part of their culture, and who they are. I hope that they can keep this outlook as hopefully tourism increases in Haiti, so as to boost their economy. I hope that they can keep the realism present as well though, It keeps it more interesting, even if people coming in from the outside will never completely understand the “complicated” nature of the country. Cheers, great article.

Thanks, Cory. Really appreciate your comment about the tone of this article and photos, trying to show a more nuanced, real view of what we experienced in Haiti. With tourism developing, I also hope that people not only keep their culture, but that their pride in that richness will encourage them to share it with visitors. Haiti is not your typical Caribbean beach vacation, but that’s what makes it so interesting and will hopefully attract travelers who are interested in a bit of that “complicated-ness.”

I was lucky to visit Haiti twice and both times it was a heart opening experience. The people of Haiti have so little yet they are so generous and so easy to connect to. Haiti is unique, beautiful and culturally rich – thank you for writing about all the positive it has to offer.

It will be nice to see the country slowly and wisely building an infrastructure that can support independent travelers as it is still a challenging place to visit. But for the brave travelers Haiti can be a very rewarding destination – as far as I know it is quite untouched by the tourist industry, so the money of visitors can benefit the struggling communities directly. Thank you for the great read!

Maria, great to hear about your two visits to Haiti and how they affected you so much. In addition to adoring Haitian proverbs I also loved how people were so open about discussing everything, not trying to gloss things over like I would do in the States. It’s refreshing.

Although some parts of an independent tourism infrastructure exist, it is still not easy — or particularly inexpensive — to get around independently yet. And if travelers spend their money at independent, family-run hotels, restaurants and shops the money will stay local. The G Adventures tour that we were on was designed by a Haitian who is passionate about his country and trying to develop tourism in a healthy way so that it improves the lives – and living & education standards — of everyone. There are many challenges and it will take time, but it seems like the foundation for community-oriented tourism development is there.

How were the overnight accommodations while in Haiti? Did you couchsurf? Stay in hostels? Hotels? Are you gonna visit and explore DR while in the area?

AJ, our tour included independently owned, local hotels that were of a medium to high level. This means that all rooms had the option of A/C and usually a good restaurant attached. I believe the price for many of these were in the $80 range for a double room (including breakfast). Imagine you can find guesthouse type places for less than that. When we went into the mountains we stayed at a forestry project’s headquarters and that was $40/person (including 3 meals). As far as I know there isn’t a hostel network in Haiti yet, but I’ve heard that some volunteer or missionary groups have guesthouses that are cheaper. Didn’t try couchsurfing as we were fortunate to be able to stay with a family in Port-au-Prince, but think that would be a fantastic experience.

No, won’t make it to DR this time. We did hear talk that some people want to make the border crossings easier in the mountains so that travelers could more easily cross back and forth on treks.

Great post! I just returned from Haiti last week as well, on a press trip with the Tourism Board. I’m currently writing up my recap post, and agree with all you said. Such a surprising destination–nothing like I imagined and so cultural, so vibrant! I can’t wait to return next year. Definitely my favorite destination of dozens I’ve visited this year.

Lily, great to hear that you also had a good trip to Haiti! It is a surprising place, and often for reasons you couldn’t have imagined prior to experiencing it for yourself. And yes, the culture is vibrant, unique and also intriguing as you know there’s so much more to learn about it. Look forward to seeing your reports from your trip!

This is really a well written article on Haiti. This is the first time am hearing about this place. Love to visit this place.

Thanks! Usually Haiti is in the news for not-so-great reasons, so we wanted to highlight the culture and strengths of the country that usually don’t get attention.

I really appreciate that you’re showing another side of Haiti. Thank you for sharing the complexity of the country and the beauty of the culture. We went to Haiti in 2009 and hope to have an opportunity to return soon. The country has such a unique history and complicated political/economic situation, which is deeply affected by and entwined with policies enacted by the U.S. The more that we Americans can better understand the Haitian context, the more effectively we can support their development and empowerment.

Michelle, thanks for your kind comment! Haiti is a complicated place – full of beautiful places and a fascinating culture, but it’s also very challenged by environmental, economic and social issues. These contradictions make it quite fascinating.

Although we had done a bit of reading before our trip to Haiti, we didn’t realize the complexity of the place and how the country is still affected by policies and “interventions” that happened decades (or centuries) ago. I didn’t realize before the US involvement in the early 20th century, and also how our “help” of subsidized rice (known as Miami rice) ended up destroying local rice production. Couldn’t agree more with more we can listen and understand where Haiti has been, where it is now and where it wants to go, the better foreigners can support true, sustainable development.

Cannot wait to explore Haiti! It’s been on my radar a while and this article confirms the fabtastic sights & culture. Definitely an exciting emerging destination for coming years!

Anisha, glad that our piece just added to your curiosity and desire to visit Haiti! It is one of the region’s emerging destinations, so don’t wait too long 🙂

Truth be told, prior to the earthquake in 2010 I don’t think I could have told you much about Haiti at all, let alone where it is on the map; but the tragic events that evolved and took away the lives of so many really made me take notice of not just the country at the terrible time, but also of the people and their unique culture.

I’m so intreagued by your piece to know more about the history of the people, to learn all of their proverbs (love, ‘The tongue is not the sea, but it can drown you’!), and all about how they enjoy their lives and seem to almost always be smiling in the pictures I see.

The sound of the jazz influence really attracts me too as it’s right from the period of jazz that I love the most!

Dale, I think that a lot of people fall into the same category – not knowing much, if anything, about Haiti before the 2010 earthquake.

The history of Haiti is both inspiring, fascinating and tragic. All the layers — from the indigenous population being entirely wiped out within decades of Columbus discovering the island to bringing slaves from West Africa to work the island to the slave revolt that led to defeating the French to back-to-back dictator governments — have contributed to people, culture and life that you see in Haiti today. We really fell under the spell of Haitian proverbs and humor to help us make sense of this history-culture-people connection.

If you love that period of jazz, then do a search on YouTube or Spotify for konpa (or kanpa) music. We’ve been listening to it since returning 🙂

Audrey, thank you for such a well written, expansive and comprehensive piece about your experiences in Haiti. As you know I’ve been twice for a total of 3 weeks on my own in Dec/Jan 2013-2014. I couchsurfed in Mizak mostly as I interviewed Haitian activists, artists, educators, entrepreneurs and innovators. What I discovered was an incredibly resilient people who really want to be listened to and respected for the ideas they have to offer. I met such driven 20’s somethings who were truly living, “find a need, fill it” and in such generous and innovative ways; Tigo who has started 4 businesses and is 26. He started repairing bicycles, then motorcycles and then cars/trucks and his last business is a bakery because there was no good bread available where he lived. 🙂 Daniel age 24 has constructed the 1st cyber cafe in his village so locals have another option closer than the gas station down the mountain. I would point out only one area of slight expansion to your post regarding international aid and importation of food: international aid has killed local initiatives because often the outside group is given preference and lucrative contracts rather than a local innovation being chosen. The importation of outside food stuffs is connected to this as well; outside agriculture gains a lot of money from contracts. The locals are just as upset by this and want to see this change. Just an FYI from all the folks interviewed as well as Lee Rainboth the gentleman I couchsurfed with who has been on the ground and living full time in Haiti since 2007 and with Haitians in a home he built up in Mizak. Agreed it is beautiful beautiful country with so much to offer and teach us. Thank you again for such a complete and thoughtful post of so many of Haiti’s facets! Makes me want to return! Great job! PS. I’m off to Nepal and would love to speak to you and Dan about that trip sometime. HUG!

Kristin, thanks for your thoughtful comment! I also agree that people are interested in being engaged and having an opportunity to share their ideas and solutions. We wrote about the disruption that international aid can bring to economy, but thanks for expanding regarding the food and agricultural production. I knew about the “Miami rice” that destroyed some local Haitian rice farmers, but didn’t know about the grain. But I have seen this aid “system” work in other countries where bringing in subsidized, foreign food ends up hurting the local farmers and systems in place that this development work is supposed to be helping. Haitians are a proud people, and I know that it frustrates them to see their country dependent on imports and other countries when it could be so much more self-sufficient. I do hope that as some of the big aid organizations reduce their work there, more emphasis will be spent on finding local solutions that are truly sustainable (e.g., don’t go away when the aid money leaves).

Excited for your upcoming trip to Nepal! I’ll send you some information about a great project in Kathmandu working with survivors of trafficking and then we can set up a time to chat.

I really enjoyed reading this and seeing your interesting photos. Thank you for such eye-opening coverage of a place that has suffered too much lately. The culture reminds me a bit of that of Brazil because of the African influences on the music, clothing, religion, even the many superstitions and proverbs (which are probably a result of Catholicism in Brazil, though I’m not sure).

Jenna, glad you enjoyed this! Haitian people are resilient and want to create a beautiful country for their children. And we hope that by sharing different stories than what is normally seen on the news others will want to visit and see for themselves.

We haven’t yet been to Brazil, but I can imagine that there are some cultural similarities due to African influences. We saw this a bit in Cuba as well with music and Santaria. It’s a fascinating world!

What a fantastic overview. Countries like Haiti are often misinterpreted (not sure that’s the right word, but you get what I mean!) by foreign media, and I hope this piece (and the others to come) will go some way to dispel some of the myths. I like how you’ve been very objective talking about both the challenges and the great things about this country.

Your photos on Instagram of Haiti are gorgeous! 🙂

Hi Rebecca, Thanks for your kind words about this article and our Instagram pics from Haiti. One of our goals with traveling to Haiti was to try and dispel some of the misconceptions and stereotypes we often see on the news. Haiti still has many socio-economic and environmental challenges, but it also has a rich and deep culture that we usually don’t hear about. Glad you enjoyed this!

Nice to see someone writing positive things about a misunderstood destination. My wife and I took the bus over froM the DR last year and had just a grat time in Port au Price/Petonville. Your article shows how much we missed in the country ( and what a tour can open up). Just as an aside, we read all the info on Haiti before going and the one thing that stood out was “don’t go out after dark”. I’m not recommending it but our bus got in late around 10p.m. And there aren’t things like taxis available. Local people on the street were so kind and generous with their time and assistance getting us to our accomodations. Not much tourism infrastructure (that’s was a good thing for us), but a more colorful destination is hard to find. And that vudum baby just scratches the surface.

Thanks for sharing your experience regarding arriving in Port-au-Prince at night. I can definitely see local people going out of their way to help you get to your accommodation and even some offering you a ride. I wanted to clarify that I didn’t mean don’t go out at night at all. In fact, some of our best times in Port-au-Prince were at night sampling street food and going to see music. But, it’s more about knowing where you’re going (e.g., there are some neighborhoods that are good during the day and not so safe at night) and also have a way to get back.

And yes, that Vodou baby was one of the more tame art pieces we saw. Didn’t want to shock people too much 🙂

Excellent! You managed to touch on so many parts of Haiti and Haitian culture in such a short post! I visited Haiti a year or so ago, doing research for a book based there. I was not prepared to leave a piece of my heart behind, i can not wait to return.

Chip, thanks for your kind words on this piece. It was quite difficult to keep it to a manageable length as there was so much about Haiti that we wanted to cover. It took some ninja editing work to get it to this length 🙂

I hope the research for your book went well and that you’ll have a chance to return to Haiti sometime in the near future. Perhaps for a follow-up book?

That’s my plan, I am heading to Brazil for the next book in the series and then back to Haiti for a totally different book. Basically 70 years of Haitian history as seen through the eyes of a Haitian guide who lived it all. If not that, I will just have to admit I am visiting purely for pleasure.

What a fascinating country … hope this post convinces more people to make the trip there!

Thanks, Frank! That’s the goal — that more people go and see Haiti for themselves to come up with their own impressions and experiences.

What a beautifully written and informative post! I’m booked on the March G Adventures trip to Haiti and reading your articles has been so incredibly helpful. I cannot wait to discover this wonderful country! I’m curious if you could advise on what time of luggage is most appropriate for this trip with G? I often use a backpack for travel, but as I’ll only be traveling in Haiti for 9 days and then am returning home, would a regular wheeled suitcase work or would it be too cumbersome? Thank you for your help!

Hi Elizabeth, Great to hear that you’re booked on an upcoming G Adventures tour to Haiti! Exciting!

We had a backpack with us as we were planning to go into the mountains afterwards, but most people in our group had a wheeled suitcase. So I believe that a regular wheeled suitcase would work just fine for your trip. There’s plenty of room in the van for luggage and it will be taken out of the vehicle for you so you don’t have to worry about dragging it down the bus aisle.

Enjoy your trip!

I am an academic specialised in Tourism Management. My research are all focused on tourism development in Haiti. As part of my research, I would appreciate if you could take 3 min of your time to complete the following questionnaire. Thank you in advance.

Hi Hugues, Thanks for sharing your research with us. We filled out the questionnaire that you posted earlier. Hope it helps! Audrey

So lovely to read such a positive perspective. Many challenges of course but I found Haiti is full of colour and beautiful light. When I stepped off the plane in the airport there were local musicians playing fun Haitian music on their boula. It set the tone for my trip and I couldn’t wait to explore.

The proverbs are something I didn’t know about. Although the one about patience couldn’t be more true!

Cristina, just realized I never responded to your great comment as I followed up on Twitter instead 😉

Really enjoyed hearing your stories of volunteering and working with a Haitian organization in Port-au-Prince. And I do hope you have an opportunity to return. The place gets under your skin 🙂

And yes, Haitian proverbs are so great. I imagine they are even more rich when you understand Creyol.

wooo I was thinking Haiti is one of the dangerous places to visit but this article gives me a clear view of what Haiti looks like. I do appreciate to visit this country. natural disasters are not threats to me because they gona happen any where in the world, my fear was on war and how hospitable are the Haitians

thanks, I want to take just one tour to HAITI this year.

Glad to hear that our article and sharing our experiences could replace some of the images of Haiti you might have from the news with difference types of stories. Hope you have a chance to see Haiti for yourself soon!

I can’t agree more. I currently reside in Haiti up in kenscoff. I lived here for about two years now and I can concur that you summed up the country well. It makes me happy to see that people are still curious to see what Haiti is like.Even though I was born in the United States, my father is Haitian and he rambles on and on about life here. Your work inspires me to make a blog about living Haiti.

Thank you, Franklin. We’re glad to hear that this resonates with you — and that it may also inspire you to launch a living in Haiti blog of your own. Let us know if you do.

I’ll be traveling to Haiti in July. It was a spur of the moment decision and everything was bought and booked; however, I am having a hard time trying to find travel arrangements. Any tips? I’ll be going from PAP Airport to Cotes Des Arcadins the first three nights.

Thank you in advance,

Hi George, Sounds like a great trip you have coming up! I would suggest trying to arrange transport through the hotel you are staying at in Cotes des Arcadins. It’s likely that they have a shuttle that goes between PAP and the hotel or can book a car and driver in advance for you. Otherwise, you could try Tour Haiti as they offer transportation as one of their main services: https://www.facebook.com/TourHaiti/

We know the owner of this agency as he was our guide when we were in Haiti. The company is very trustworthy.

I would like to travel to Haiti for one week this coming June . I would like to know if really safe for tourist to go there and how much I need per day? Hoping you can help me with this. Thank you!

I love the post!! I´ve been living in Haiti for almost 4 months and i can realate with everything you said! I also write my journy in a blog so if anyone is interested in coming to Haiti I share a lot of information or Ill be here in PAP for anything you need!!

I am interested in your blog about Haiti as I am interested in going there for a week in possibly a few months. I am wondering how safe it is and what there is to do. Any info is a big help thanks!

I am looking forward to coming to Haiti on the 28th of April staying till May 8th. I will be 1 or 8 people on a mission trip from a local Church

Many of the trip has been planned but open to hear other locals and places an things to do

Steve, hope you had a great trip to Haiti and were able to explore outside of your fixed itinerary as well!

You paint a great picture of Haiti. I leaves me to wonder why exactly are so many trying to escape. Yes poverty, I realize that, but it seems to me that their own countrymen need to see it through your eyes and fight for their beautiful country and not flee illegally to their neighbouring country or other countries. It seems to me from reading your article, there’s a lot worth fighting for!

It’s one thing to visit a country as a tourist and it’s another to live there and try and make a living to support your family. The reality is that Haiti’s economy is still struggling and it’s challenging to work one’s way out of poverty, especially as there is such a large socio-economic divide and corruption is still a big problem. That said, there are many things that Haitians have to be proud of in their country and its history and culture. It is a fascinating place.

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• Travel Destinations

Not A Sh*thole: Here Are Five Reasons You Should Travel To Haiti

Published: November 7, 2023

Modified: December 28, 2023

by Olympie Krol

• Plan Your Trip
• Travel Tips

Introduction

Welcome to the Caribbean gem known as Haiti. A country often overshadowed by negative stereotypes and misconceptions, Haiti is a vibrant and culturally rich destination that deserves to be explored and celebrated. With its breathtaking natural beauty, enchanting arts scene, mouthwatering cuisine, and warm-hearted people, Haiti offers an authentic Caribbean experience like no other.

Located on the island of Hispaniola, Haiti shares its landmass with the Dominican Republic. Despite being one of the least developed nations in the Western Hemisphere, Haiti boasts a cultural heritage that is deeply rooted in African, French, and indigenous Taino influences.

In recent years, Haiti has been working hard to rebuild and revitalize its tourism sector, offering visitors a unique journey filled with history, natural wonders, and the opportunity to immerse themselves in a resilient and rich culture. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an adventure seeker, or simply looking to relax on pristine beaches, Haiti has something to offer for everyone.

In this article, we will delve into the five compelling reasons why you should consider traveling to Haiti. From its rich cultural heritage to its picturesque landscapes, prepare to fall in love with this vibrant Caribbean nation and discover the hidden gems that await you.

Rich Cultural Heritage

Haiti is a treasure trove of cultural heritage, with a history that dates back centuries. As the first Black-led republic in the world, Haiti holds immense historical significance not only for the Caribbean but also for the global community. Exploring the cultural heritage of Haiti is like peeling back the layers of time and delving into a rich tapestry of traditions, art, and storytelling.

One of the most prominent aspects of Haiti’s cultural heritage is its unique blend of African, French, and indigenous Taino influences. From vibrant Vodou ceremonies to traditional folklore and dance, the cultural expressions in Haiti are captivating and deeply rooted in the country’s history.

Art lovers will be in awe of Haiti’s thriving art scene, with renowned painters and sculptors creating masterpieces that reflect the nation’s identity. The brightly colored paintings, intricate sculptures, and stunning murals provide a visual feast that showcases the creativity and resilience of the Haitian people.

The capital city of Port-au-Prince is home to the celebrated Musée du Panthéon National Haïtien (MUPANAH), a museum that offers a comprehensive glimpse into Haiti’s rich history and cultural heritage. From artifacts and historical documents to exhibitions on key moments in the country’s development, MUPANAH provides a fascinating insight into the past and present of Haiti.

For those seeking a deeper understanding of Haiti’s cultural heritage, a visit to the Citadelle Laferrière is a must. This UNESCO World Heritage site is a stunning mountaintop fortress that was built to defend the newly independent Haiti. The Citadelle is not only an architectural marvel but also a symbol of Haitian strength and determination.

Immersing oneself in the local communities and engaging with the people of Haiti is another way to truly experience the country’s rich cultural heritage. Whether it’s attending a traditional music performance, participating in a cooking class to learn about Haitian cuisine, or joining a cultural festival, such as the vibrant Carnival celebrations, sharing these experiences with locals allows for a deeper appreciation of Haiti’s cultural legacy.

From its historical landmarks and museums to its artistic expressions and vibrant traditions, Haiti’s rich cultural heritage provides a captivating journey into the soul of the country. Exploring and embracing this heritage not only enriches the travel experience but also helps to support the preservation and celebration of Haiti’s unique identity.

Spectacular Natural Beauty

Haiti’s natural beauty is simply awe-inspiring, offering breathtaking landscapes that are sure to leave a lasting impression. From pristine beaches to lush mountains and cascading waterfalls, the country is a paradise for nature lovers and adventure seekers.

One of Haiti’s most famous natural attractions is the stunning Labadee Beach, located on the country’s northern coast. With its crystal-clear turquoise waters, powdery white sand, and swaying palm trees, Labadee Beach is a true tropical paradise. Visitors can take a dip in the inviting waters, soak up the sun on the beach, or indulge in water sports such as snorkeling and kayaking.

Another hidden gem of Haiti is the breathtaking Bassin Bleu, a series of natural pools formed by cascading waterfalls in the Jacmel region. Surrounded by lush vegetation and towering cliffs, the vibrant blue waters of Bassin Bleu offer a refreshing oasis for those seeking tranquility and adventure. Visitors can swim in the pools, cliff jump into the pristine waters, or simply marvel at the captivating beauty of the surroundings.

The mesmerizing Citadelle Laferrière, mentioned earlier for its cultural significance, also offers stunning panoramic views of the surrounding landscape. Situated atop a mountain, the fortress provides a vantage point to admire the lush greenery, rolling hills, and picturesque villages that adorn the countryside.

Haiti is also home to several national parks and protected areas, such as the Pic Macaya National Park and La Visite National Park. These areas boast diverse ecosystems, including rare and endemic plant species, making them a paradise for nature enthusiasts and hikers.

For those interested in marine life, a visit to the waters surrounding the island of Île-à-Vache is a must. This secluded island is home to pristine coral reefs, vibrant underwater ecosystems, and an abundance of marine species, perfect for snorkeling and diving adventures.

Whether it’s exploring stunning beaches, hiking through lush mountains, or diving into vibrant underwater worlds, Haiti’s natural beauty offers a myriad of unforgettable experiences. The country’s commitment to eco-tourism and preservation ensures that visitors can witness and appreciate its unique landscapes while contributing to their conservation.

Vibrant Arts and Music Scene

Haiti is a cultural powerhouse, renowned for its vibrant arts and music scene. From colorful paintings and intricate sculptures to the rhythmic beats of traditional music, the artistic expressions in Haiti are a reflection of the country’s rich cultural heritage and creativity.

One of Haiti’s most celebrated art forms is its vibrant and captivating paintings. The brightly colored portrayals of everyday life, folklore, and spiritual beliefs are a feast for the eyes. Artists like Hector Hyppolite, Philomé Obin, and Préfète Duffaut have gained international recognition for their unique artistic style. Visitors can explore art galleries and studios in Port-au-Prince and Jacmel, where local artists showcase their works and offer insights into their creative processes.

In addition to paintings, Haiti is also known for its intricate sculptures, often made from recycled materials such as metal, wood, and clay. These sculptures depict various themes, including mythology, religion, and daily life. The ironwork of Noailles, a neighborhood in Croix-des-Bouquets, is particularly renowned for its skilled artisans who transform raw materials into stunning works of art.

Music is an integral part of Haitian culture, and the vibrant beats and melodies reflect the country’s history and spirit. The most well-known genre of music in Haiti is compas, a lively and rhythmic style that blends African, European, and Caribbean influences. Talented Haitian musicians like Wyclef Jean, Boukman Eksperyans, and Emeline Michel have gained international acclaim for their unique fusion of traditional rhythms with contemporary sounds.

Visitors to Haiti can immerse themselves in the local music scene by attending live performances or festivals, such as the annual Port-au-Prince International Jazz Festival or the vibrant Rara parades during Carnival. These events showcase the diversity of Haitian music and offer a chance to dance, sing, and celebrate the rich musical heritage of the country.

The arts and music scene in Haiti not only entertains but also serves as a form of cultural preservation and expression. By supporting local artists and musicians, visitors have the opportunity to contribute to the growth and sustainability of this vibrant aspect of Haitian culture.

Delicious Haitian Cuisine

Haitian cuisine is a tantalizing fusion of African, French, and indigenous flavors, resulting in a diverse and delectable culinary experience. From hearty stews to spicy marinades, Haitian food offers a burst of flavor that will leave your taste buds craving for more.

One of the signature dishes of Haiti is griot, a savory and succulent fried pork dish marinated in a tangy citrus sauce. Served with plantains, pikliz (spicy pickled vegetables), and a side of rice and beans, griot is a delight for meat lovers. Another popular meat dish is tasso, which is seasoned and marinated turkey or goat that is often roasted or grilled to perfection.

Seafood plays a significant role in Haitian cuisine, thanks to the country’s coastal location. Freshly caught fish, such as red snapper and grouper, are often grilled or fried and served with flavorful creole sauces. Accras, or fish fritters, are a popular and addictive snack enjoyed by locals and visitors alike.

No Haitian meal is complete without the iconic diri ak djon djon, a flavorful black rice made with aromatic mushrooms native to Haiti. This dish is often served alongside a variety of protein options, such as chicken, beef, or fish, and provides a unique and unforgettable taste experience.

When it comes to drinks, Haiti is famous for its refreshing and invigorating beverages. One must-try drink is the popular Haitian rum punch, known as “punch crémas.” Made with rum, creamed coconut, condensed and evaporated milk, and a touch of nutmeg, this sweet and creamy concoction is the perfect way to cool down on a hot Caribbean day.

Exploring the local markets in Haiti is a must for food enthusiasts. These bustling hubs offer an array of fresh produce, herbs, and spices that are essential ingredients in traditional Haitian dishes. Visitors can also witness the vibrant culture associated with food, as vendors prepare and sell a myriad of exotic fruits, such as mangoes, passion fruit, and soursop.

Haitian cuisine is a true reflection of the country’s rich history and cultural diversity. By indulging in the delicious flavors of Haiti, visitors not only satisfy their culinary cravings but also gain insight into the traditions and heritage that have shaped this unique Caribbean cuisine.

Warm and Welcoming People

One of the standout characteristics of Haiti is the warmth and hospitality of its people. Despite facing numerous challenges, Haitians are known for their resilience, kindness, and welcoming nature. Visitors to Haiti often leave with lasting impressions of the genuine connections and friendships they have formed with the locals.

Haitians take great pride in their culture and are eager to share it with others. From lively conversations on the street to spontaneous singing and dancing, the infectious energy and zest for life of the Haitian people create an atmosphere of joy and celebration.

Traveling through Haiti, you’ll be greeted with smiles and open arms everywhere you go. Whether you’re exploring the city streets, visiting rural communities, or lounging on the beach, you’ll feel the genuine warmth and friendliness of the locals. Haitians have a way of making visitors feel like family, creating a sense of belonging and fostering connections that go beyond the tourist experience.

Engaging with the local communities in Haiti provides a unique opportunity to learn about Haitian culture firsthand. From participating in traditional ceremonies to joining in on local festivities, visitors have the chance to immerse themselves in the vibrant traditions and customs of the country.

Haitians are incredibly proud of their heritage, and they are more than willing to share their stories, traditions, and knowledge with visitors. Whether it’s learning the rhythms of Haitian music, joining a cooking class to master traditional dishes, or simply engaging in heartfelt conversations, the connections made with the local people add a layer of depth and authenticity to the travel experience.

In Haiti, it’s not uncommon to be invited into someone’s home and be treated to a home-cooked meal or a cup of freshly brewed Haitian coffee. Hospitality is deeply ingrained in the culture, and Haitians go above and beyond to make guests feel welcomed and cherished.

By engaging with the warm and welcoming people of Haiti, visitors not only gain insights into the local way of life but also foster connections that transcend borders. The genuine friendships formed during a visit to Haiti often leave a lasting impression and create lifelong memories.

So, pack your bags, embrace the hospitality of the Haitian people, and embark on an unforgettable journey in the company of some of the warmest and most welcoming individuals you’ll ever meet.

Haiti is a hidden gem in the Caribbean, overflowing with rich cultural heritage, spectacular natural beauty, a vibrant arts and music scene, delicious cuisine, and warm-hearted people. Despite its turbulent history and the challenges it has faced, Haiti has managed to preserve and celebrate its unique identity, offering visitors a one-of-a-kind travel experience.

From exploring the captivating historical landmarks and museums to immersing oneself in the vibrant arts and music scene, Haiti is a cultural paradise. The country’s artistic expressions, whether in the form of vivid paintings or intricate sculptures, showcase the creativity and resilience of the Haitian people.

Haiti’s natural beauty is equally captivating, with pristine beaches, lush mountains, and cascading waterfalls that are sure to take your breath away. Whether it’s diving into vibrant underwater worlds, hiking through national parks, or simply relaxing on stunning shores, Haiti offers a paradise for nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers alike.

The culinary delights of Haiti are a treat for the senses. From flavorful stews and marinated meats to fresh seafood and unique rice dishes, Haitian cuisine tantalizes the taste buds with its blend of African, French, and indigenous flavors. The warm and welcoming locals are more than happy to share their cultural traditions and invite visitors into their world, creating connections that go beyond the surface.

As you travel through Haiti, you’ll be greeted with smiles, open arms, and a genuine sense of hospitality. Haitians embrace visitors as part of their extended family, inviting them to immerse themselves in the vibrant traditions and celebrations that make Haiti so special.

By exploring Haiti’s rich cultural heritage, being awestruck by its natural beauty, indulging in its delicious cuisine, and connecting with its warm-hearted people, visitors can unlock a truly authentic Caribbean experience. Haiti is a country that deserves to be celebrated and appreciated for its untamed beauty, resilient spirit, and the warmth of its people.

So, break free from the stereotypes and misconceptions, and embark on a journey to Haiti. Discover the hidden gem, be captivated by its unique charm, and create lifelong memories in a place that will leave an indelible mark on your heart.

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Haiti up close

Is it really safe to travel to Haiti?

Boats at Ile-a-Vache, Haiti

Photo: Verdy Verna

One of America’s closest neighbours, Haiti has long been a source of fascination. American celebrities turned Haiti into one of the popular Caribbean holiday destinations in the 1960s and 70s, but this changed as Haiti suffered increasingly inept rule in the 70s and 80s. Decades of poverty, political instability and plain bad luck followed.

Is it safe to travel to Haiti?

Finally, after a decade of relatively peaceful democratic government, a tourism bounce-back has begun, and a new generation of tourists are discovering what makes Haiti so special. Haiti is becoming a sought-after experience for adventure-driven travelers, the culturally curious, and Millennials who’ve visited the Caribbean already and are seeking something different.

Since the 2010 earthquake, Haiti has been on the road to reconstruction. For several years, national icons lay in rubble and whole city squares cordoned off for repair, but the Caribbean nation is now recovering well. With tourism vital for continued prosperity, keeping visitors safe and satisfied is a priority for locals and government policy reflects this.

In fact, the 2019 Global Peace Index ranks Haiti at #87 out of the 163 countries on the list. According to the list, Haiti is more peaceful than many popular tourist destinations like Morocco, Brazil, Thailand, Kenya, the Philippines, Mexico, India and - interestingly - USA (#128).

Americans, Canadians and most Europeans can visit Haiti without a visa at all, making it a great alternative to Cuba . The Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index ranks Haiti very well when it comes to openness and value-for-money. Over the last ten years, tourism has doubled.

If you’re considering travel to Haiti, you probably still have some questions, so here are a few answers to help you before a first-time visit to the Caribbean island nation:

The current generation has grown up with images of Haiti suffering the effects of the 2010 earthquake , but the last decade has actually seen less political unrest, inequality and crime. Haiti remains poor, but it’s perfectly safe for visitors to walk around the cities on foot or travel across the country to see the many cultural icons and natural wonders , either alone or with a local guide.

As in any large city in the US, people visiting should take sensible precautions when in Port au Prince or Haiti’s other cities. But there’s no significant security threat, and it’s easy to find the parts of town safe for travellers to wander. It’s very common to see foreigners walking around unaccompanied in the streets of Port-au-Prince .

While political unrest can be a cause for worry, it should be noted that most of these events affect very specific politically active groups, not individual people going about their daily life, and certainly not foreigners.

Boat painter in Dame Marie

Photo: Mikkel Ulriksen

How to stay safe

Traffic in Haiti is fairly unregulated, so it serves to look both ways, twice , before crossing any street. As in any big city in the world, pickpockets are out there, so make sure that you keep your belongings close and out of your pockets – preferably in a small bag or pouch you can carry in your hand, or across your chest.

Current travel advisories: The US consulate currently has a Level 3 travel advisory for Haiti (issued 11 June 2019), and recommends that travellers stay safe by changing currency in advance (so you can avoid banks and ATMs), avoiding demonstrations, not attempting to go through roadblocks, and booking official, professional transport from the airport to your accommodation.

School girls, Corail

Photo: Franck Fontain

How to stay healthy

From a medical point of view, Haiti is generally safe as long as you're reasonably careful about what you eat and drink. Although tap water is considered generally safe for locals and long-term expats to drink, visitors who are in Haiti for only a short while are advised to avoid the risk of short-term stomach upsets by drinking bottled water. It’s cheap in the cities and not always available in small towns and on the road, so stock up before you venture out.

For more on what to eat, check out our guide to the delicious and distinctive street food of Haiti .

Get vaccinated before you go: Diphtheria, Hepatitis A and Tetanus shots are all recommended, but depending on your level of risk your doctor may recommend a few more.

Woman in Abricot

Photo: Kolektif 2 Dimansyon

Should you hire a local guide?

Yes. Your journey to all sights worth seeing - whether cultural icons like the World Heritage listed Citadelle , or natural wonders like Bassin Zim , or adventure destinations like Pic La Selle - will be improved if you go with a guide. Guides will ensure your safety, help you find the best routes, keep hawkers and hustlers at a distance and explain the local significance of the sights.

Even if you’re planning to stay in the city, it’s well worth a guided tour at the start to help you get your bearings and put you in a better position to enjoy the rest of your stay solo, without worrying about the local dos and don’ts.

Keep in mind that the two common languages in Haiti are Creole and French - if you don’t speak French, a tour guide is even more invaluable for helping you find your way around.

Is there internet?

Yes. Wifi is widely available in accommodation and restaurants.

Are there hotels up to an American standard?

One of the best things about Haiti as a travel destination is that it’s relatively free of juggernaut five-star resorts that dominate the landscape in other more well-trodden Caribbean destinations. In Haiti, you can ditch the noisy crowds and find much more down-to-earth experiences of beachside paradise.

That’s not to say you can't find luxury - there are several resorts and mid-size hotels dotted around the cities and exclusive beachfront destinations along the coast. Within the cities, there’s a good selection of boutique hotels to suit your budget and style.

Airbnb is gaining popularity too, with dozens of offerings across Haiti’s major cities from art-filled family homes to free-standing villas where you can sip rum sours in your own infinity pool.

What are the travel restrictions for visiting Haiti?

Americans, Canadians and most Europeans can visit Haiti without a visa at all, as long as you plan to stay for less than three months.

Upon your arrival to the island, you’ll be required to pay a USD $10 tourist fee, before you get in line to go through Customs.

Visa requirements:

The list of countries of which Haiti requires a Visa is very short: Syria, Libya, Iran, Vietnam, Yemen, and Chechnya. If you are visiting from the Dominican Republic , Panama, or Columbia, just make sure that you have a valid US, Canadian, or Schengen visa in your passport.

Haiti allows foreigners to stay for up to three months, after which they need to regularize their status. If you are planning to stay in Haiti for a long stretch of time, make sure that you keep this in mind and book your travel arrangements accordingly.

People relaxing, Pestel

Why visit Haiti?

Haiti is home to stunning beaches, unique Creole language and cuisine, a proud heritage of hard-won freedom and independence , and inspiring historical attractions.

Haiti is also home to the Caribbean’s premiere art scene, with an abundance of galleries and artist-owned initiatives showcasing distinctive Haitian styles. You’ll find thriving artist colonies in Grand Rue , Jacmel and Noailles.

Haiti’s most iconic historic site, the Citadelle fortress outside Cap Haïtien , houses the world’s biggest collection of 19th-century cannons and artillery. The island’s compelling past is expertly displayed at some of the Caribbean’s best museums, including the Museum of the Haitian National Pantheon on Champ-des-Mars .

The culturally curious can catch the Thursday-night Vodou rock show in downtown Port-au-Prince, or witness the whirlwind of costumes, music and performance during one of the many annual festivals.

Throughout a history of amazing achievements and heartbreaking disasters, the people of Haiti have demonstrated incredible resilience, creativity and determination.

Don’t miss your chance to soak up some of this spirit and sample what this unique culture has to offer. Visit Haiti.  

Written by  Kelly Paulemon .

Published November 2018

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• Section 10 - Guatemala & Belize
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CDC Yellow Book 2024

Author(s): Stanley Juin, Macarthur Charles, Timbila Koama, Chung (Ken) Chen

Destination Overview

Infectious disease risks, environmental hazards & risks, safety & security, availability & quality of medical care.

The Republic of Haiti is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea (see Map 10-08 ). The shared border between Haiti and the Dominican Republic is porous; migrant workers move readily between the 2 countries, and cultural influences are shared. North America and France have large Haitian diaspora communities. Travelers visiting friends and relatives (VFR) make up a large proportion of visitors to Haiti each year. Other reasons people come to Haiti include foreign diplomacy, international business, missionary and humanitarian aid work, and tourism.

Port-au-Prince, Haiti’s capital, is often the main entry point for international arrivals. Haiti has many tourist destinations, including a popular cruise ship destination in Labadie (Port Labadee), which has white sand beaches and scenery that attract visitors year-round. Historical architecture sites (e.g., Cathédrale Notre-Dame in the city of Cap-Haïtien; Citadelle Laferrière, reputedly the largest fortress in the Americas and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, located on top of mountain Bonnet à l’Evèque) are popular tourist destinations. The annual Haitian Carnival, which takes place in February or March, draws crowds from around the world. Haiti has strong economic and social ties with international organizations; as such, business travelers, foreign diplomats, humanitarian aid workers, and missionaries often visit Haiti.

Travelers can find various types of accommodations in Haiti, ranging from dormitory-style to bed-and-breakfast inns to house rentals and upscale hotels in major cities. Most accommodations include internet, but signal and reliability are often poor due to interruptions of services within the country.

Map 10-08 Haiti

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Environmental degradation has contributed to Haiti’s poor sanitation and water quality. As a result, multiple public health risks exist for Haitians and for travelers to Haiti. Anyone traveling to Haiti should be up to date on routine vaccinations, including diphtheria (cases have increased in recent years) and tetanus boosters, seasonal influenza, and measles. Although measles has been eliminated in Haiti, the risk for reintroduction is ever-present.

Enteric Infections & Diseases

As of February 2021, the cholera outbreak that started after the 2010 earthquake had caused 820,555 suspected cases of illness and 9,792 deaths. The epidemic curve peaked in 2011, with declining incidence and mortality rates annually due to improved access to clean water and sanitation and the efforts of cholera treatment centers. In 2019, 9 years after the outbreak started, Haiti reported 720 suspected cholera cases and only 3 deaths. In October 2022, after 3 years of no reports of culture-confirmed cholera, Haiti’s National Public Health Laboratory identified new cases of culture-confirmed disease and was investigating additional suspect cases.

Despite declining cases, cholera remains a persistent public health threat in Haiti. Oral cholera vaccine has been implemented as part of a complementary set of ongoing control measures that include improved diarrheal disease surveillance and enhanced laboratory capacity. Travelers should adhere to food and water precautions, and—depending on their planned itinerary—consider cholera vaccine (see Sec. 5, Part 1, Ch. 5, Cholera ). For current recommendations, see the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Travelers’ Health destination page for Haiti .

Travelers’ Diarrhea

Visitors to Haiti are at high risk for travelers’ diarrhea (TD). Travelers who want to experience the local flavorful cuisine (e.g., griot [seasoned fried pork], plantains, rice with red beans, and a variety of fish and shellfish, including conch), should select food and beverages with care (see Sec. 2, Ch. 6, Travelers’ Diarrhea , and Sec. 2, Ch. 8, Food & Water Precautions ).

Typhoid Fever

Without prompt treatment, Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi infection can cause serious morbidity and mortality (Sec. 5, Part 1, Ch. 24, Typhoid & Paratyphoid Fever ). On average, Haiti’s Ministry of Health reports 1,200 suspected cases weekly throughout the country. Although the true extent of typhoid infection in Haiti is not fully known, cases are reported regularly in all 10 departments. Due to major public health infrastructure investments (sanitation, access to safe drinking water) made in response to the cholera outbreak, the number of typhoid fever cases has been decreasing, but disease transmission remains active. Urge all travelers to adhere to strict food and water precautions, and—depending on their planned itinerary—to consider receiving typhoid fever vaccine.

Respiratory Infections & Diseases

Coronavirus disease 2019.

All travelers going to Haiti should be up to date with their COVID-19 vaccines .

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is more prevalent in Haiti than in neighboring countries. Using appropriate and effective strategies, the Programme National de Lutte contre la Tuberculose (PNLT) has been able to improve case detection and treatment throughout the country. Short-term travelers are not at high risk of tuberculosis unless they are residing or spending extended time in specific crowded environments (e.g., shared room hostels, prisons).

Sexually Transmitted Infections & HIV

Support from the international community over the past 20 years has helped stabilize the prevalence of HIV in Haiti; the estimated prevalence is 2% among adults aged >15 years. Among people 15–24 years age of age, infection is disproportionately greater among women than men (2.3% vs. 1.6%). As of December 2020, 85% of people living with HIV were aware of their diagnosis, 83% of those diagnosed were receiving antiretroviral therapy, and 72% have an undetectable viral load. Preexposure prophylaxis is available at all regional hospitals throughout the country and at several high-volume health centers. Condoms can be easily purchased at local pharmacies and grocery stores, although quality cannot be guaranteed.

Soil- & Waterborne Infections

Although the prevalence of helminthiasis is diminishing in Haiti, intestinal parasites represent a potential concern for travelers, emphasizing the need for strict adherence to food and water precautions (see Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 13, Soil-Transmitted Helminths ).

Vectorborne Diseases

Vectorborne diseases, both viral and parasitic, are common in Haiti and include dengue and Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Travelers to Haiti should take measures to protect themselves from mosquito bites (see Sec. 4, Ch. 6, Mosquitoes, Ticks & Other Arthropods ).

Arboviruses: Chikungunya, Dengue & Zika

In 2021, ongoing dengue surveillance in Haiti confirmed 18 cases out of >5,000 specimens tested through October of that year. Seroprevalence studies conducted in 2017 found ≈72% of Haitians had been exposed to dengue, confirming the results of a previous study conducted in 2012. Advise longer-term travelers to Haiti to select accommodations with air conditioning or well-screened windows and doors; to wear clothes that cover the arms and legs; and to use insect repellent. No confirmed cases of chikungunya or Zika have been documented in Haiti since June 2014.

Lymphatic Filariasis

Haiti actively participates in the global program to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF). LF is considered endemic to Hispaniola, including many parts of Haiti. As of 2020, several areas of the country, including Port-au-Prince, still require annual mass treatment campaigns aimed at reducing parasite transmission . Prevention involves adherence to insect bite precautions (see Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 9, Lymphatic Filariasis ).

Chloroquine-sensitive P. falciparum malaria is endemic to Haiti (see Sec. 2, Ch. 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine and Malaria Prevention Information, by Country ). The incidence of malaria has been decreasing since 2016; current incidence is ≈70 cases per 100,000 people, annually. The highest transmission rates are reported to occur after the rainy seasons, March–May and October–November. Malaria is a localized infection in Haiti and is reported primarily from the Southern region. Nevertheless, CDC recommends that all travelers to Haiti, regardless of itinerary, take malaria chemoprophylaxis (see Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 16, Malaria ).

Animal Bites & Rabies

Haiti is more affected by rabies than any other nation in the Americas. Prevention efforts in the country have increased, but with a high number of stray dogs, the number of cases of human rabies is not yet clearly defined. Preexposure rabies vaccination is recommended for travelers anticipating contact with animals. Travelers with high-risk exposures for rabies generally require medical evacuation to the United States to receive definitive care and management, including appropriate postexposure prophylaxis (see Sec 5, Part 2, Ch. 18, Rabies ).

Ciguatera Fish Poisoning

Ciguatera fish poisoning commonly occurs in Haiti. Outbreaks can happen seasonally or sporadically, particularly after storms. Not all fish of a given species or from a given area will necessarily be toxic. Travelers to Haiti should avoid eating reef fish weighing >2.7 kg (6 lbs) or the filets of large fish (see Sec. 4, Ch. 10, Food Poisoning from Marine Toxins ).

Climate & Sun Exposure

With some variation depending on elevation, the climate in Haiti is tropical and hot, and remains so throughout the year. Haiti has an average monthly temperature range of 77°F–84°F. Humidity is often high, and microclimates exist depending on the geographic location. Travelers should minimize sun exposure and use a broad-spectrum sunscreen (see Sec. 4, Ch. 1, Sun Exposure ). Sunscreen products are not always available in local markets, however, and travelers should pack enough to last them for the duration of their travel.

Natural Disasters

Natural disasters are common in Haiti, including earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, and tropical storms. Hurricane season lasts from June–November. In 2008, Haiti experienced a series of 4 hurricanes and tropical storms within 2 months. Hurricane Matthew, the first Category 4 hurricane to hit the island since 1964, struck Haiti in October 2016; 546 people died and >120,000 were displaced. Strong winds and heavy rain caused flash floods, mudslides, river floods, crop and vegetation loss, and destruction of homes and businesses. One year later, rain and flooding from Hurricane Irma compounded the losses to Haiti’s agricultural sector. These combined disasters further weakened an already fragile infrastructure.

In January 2010, Haiti experienced a 7.0 magnitude earthquake that killed >220,000 people and displaced 1.5 million people from their homes. More recently, on August 14, 2021, a magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck southwest Haiti, about 70 miles west of the capital of Port-au-Prince, killing ≈2,200 people and injuring >12,000. In addition, 28 of the 66 health facilities in the region were severely damaged or destroyed. Two days later, tropical storm Grace made landfall causing flooding and complicating relief efforts. Together, these emergencies have strained Haiti’s health care system immensely.

The crime rate in Haiti is high, particularly in Port-au-Prince, presenting persistent safety concerns for travelers. Although much of the violent crime is perpetrated by Haitians against Haitians, American citizens also have been victims (see Sec. 4, Ch. 11, Safety & Security Overseas ). Travelers arriving on flights from the United States have been targeted for robbery and attack.

During Carnival, crime, disorderly conduct, and general congestion increase. Advise travelers to maintain awareness of their surroundings, avoid nighttime travel, keep valuables well hidden (not left in parked vehicles), and to lock all doors and windows.

Political Unrest

Political and civil unrest represents a safety concern for visitors to Haiti. Frequent and sometimes spontaneous protests occur in Port-au-Prince. Demonstrations—which travelers should avoid, when possible—can turn violent. The US Department of State’s Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) electronically pushes information to travelers about safety conditions at their destination and provides direct embassy contact in case of man-made emergencies (political unrest and demonstrations, rioting, terrorist activity) or natural disasters.

Traffic-Related Injuries

Motor vehicle injuries are the most common cause of death for healthy US residents traveling abroad (see Sec. 8, Ch. 5, Road & Traffic Safety ). The risk for death from road injuries in Haiti is high; the 2019 average rate was 18.77 per 100,000 population, compared with an average rate of 15.33 for the Americas region. Road conditions in Haiti differ greatly from those in the United States; roads and lanes are generally unmarked, speed limits are seldom posted or adhered to, rights of way are not observed, and animals, carts, and vendors all share the roads with motor vehicles. Some roads are unpaved or have large potholes. Lack of streetlights significantly compounds the risk of being on roads at night.

Traffic is usually chaotic and congested in urban areas. Vibrantly painted tap taps are open-air vehicles (buses or pick-up trucks), mechanically unsound, and often overloaded with passengers. Although tap taps are a common form of public transportation for Haitians, advise travelers to avoid using them because of safety concerns (crashes, kidnappings, robberies). Remind travelers to remain alert when walking, to choose safe vehicles, and to observe safety practices when operating vehicles. Travelers should fasten seat belts when riding in cars, and wear a helmet when riding bicycles or motorbikes.

According to the World Health Organization, delivery of primary health care services was already challenged in Haiti before the 2021 earthquake. Since then, the health care situation has become even more complicated; many facilities, primarily in the south, are unable to function because of physical damage, and medical facilities can close without notice due to social unrest.

The Haitian health care system faces multiples shortages (e.g., limited availability of essential medicines and supplies, lack of trained health professionals) and is costly. Over 40% of the population report not having used the public health care system, even in cases of serious injury or illness, principally due to the cost. Thus, access to health care, especially for medical emergencies remains a challenge in Haiti, and medical evacuation often is necessary for patients who require immediate attention. Consequently, people planning travel to Haiti should purchase travel health insurance and medical evacuation insurance (see Sec. 6, Ch. 1, Travel Insurance, Travel Health Insurance & Medical Evacuation Insurance ) and bring a travel first aid kit (see Sec. 2, Ch. 10, Travel Health Kits ).

The following authors contributed to the previous version of this chapter: Clive M. Brown, Lacreisha Ejike-King, J. Nadine Gracia, Dana M. Sampson

Bibliography

Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Haiti. Available from: www.healthdata.org/haiti .  

Institut Haïtien de l’Enfance (IHE) and ICF. Haiti mortality, morbidity and service utilization survey (EMMUS-VI) 2016–2017 [in French]. Pétion-Ville, (Haiti) and Rockville (MD): Institut Haïtien de l’Enfance and ICF; 2018. Available from: www.dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR326/FR326.pdf .

International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers. Ciguatera fish poisoning. Available from: www.iamat.org/risks/ciguatera-fish-poisoning. Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population (MSPP). Sitrep COVID-19 08-07-21 [in French]. Available from: www.mspp.gouv.ht/page-covid-19 .  

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Hurricane Center tropical cyclone report: Hurricane Matthew (AL142016). Miami: The Center; 2017. Available from: www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL142016_Matthew.pdf .

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report Office. Human development report 2013. The rise of the South: human progress in a diverse world. New York: The Programme; 2013. Available from: http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/14/hdr2013_en_complete.pdf .

US Department of State. Haiti 2017 crime and safety report. Washington, DC: Bureau of Diplomatic Security, Overseas Security Advisory Council; 2017. Available from: www.osac.gov/Content/Report/fcbed0b9-1eda-45a8-b6f4-15f4ae15ebaa .

Weppelmann TA, Burne A, von Fricken ME, Elbadry MA, Beau De Rochars M, Boncy J, et al. A tale of two flaviviruses: a seroepidemiological study of dengue virus and West Nile virus transmission in the Ouest and Sud-Est Departments of Haiti. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017;96(1):135–40.

World Food Programme. Haiti. Available from: www.wfp.org/countries/haiti .

World Health Organization. Haiti. Available from: www.who.int/countries/hti/en .

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Travel Advisory July 27, 2023

Haiti - level 4: do not travel.

Last Update: Updated to reflect the Ordered Departure of non-emergency U.S. government personnel and eligible family members for Embassy Port-au-Prince.

Do not travel to Haiti due to kidnapping, crime, civil unrest, and poor health care infrastructure. On July 27, 2023, the Department of State ordered the departure of family members of U.S. government employees and non-emergency U.S. government employees. U.S. citizens in Haiti should depart Haiti as soon as possible by commercial or other privately available transportation options, in light of the current security situation and infrastructure challenges. U.S. citizens wishing to depart Port-au-Prince should monitor local news and only do so when considered safe.

Country Summary : Kidnapping is widespread, and victims regularly include U.S. citizens. Kidnappers may use sophisticated planning or take advantage of unplanned opportunities, and even convoys have been attacked. Kidnapping cases often involve ransom negotiations and U.S. citizen victims have been physically harmed during kidnappings. Victim’s families have paid thousands of dollars to rescue their family members.

Violent crime, often involving the use of firearms, such as  armed robbery, carjackings, and kidnappings for ransom that include U.S. citizens are common. Mob killings against presumed criminals have been on the rise since late April. Travelers are sometimes followed and violently attacked and robbed shortly after leaving the Port-au-Prince international airport. Robbers and carjackers also attack private vehicles stuck in heavy traffic congestion and often target lone drivers, particularly women. As a result, the U.S. Embassy requires its personnel to use official transportation to and from the airport.

Protests, demonstrations, tire burning, and roadblocks are frequent, unpredictable, and can turn violent. The U.S. government is extremely limited in its ability to provide emergency services to U.S. citizens in Haiti – assistance on site is available only from local authorities (Haitian National Police and ambulance services). Local police generally lack the resources to respond effectively to serious criminal incidents. Shortages of gasoline, electricity, medicine, and medical supplies continue throughout much of Haiti. Public and private medical clinics and hospitals often lack qualified medical staff and even basic medical equipment and resources.

U.S. government personnel are limited only to the confined area around the Embassy and are prohibited from walking in Port-au-Prince. U.S. government personnel in Haiti are prohibited from:

• Using any kind of public transportation or taxis
• Visiting banks and using ATMs
• Driving at night
• Traveling anywhere between 1:00 a.m. and 5:00 a.m.
• Traveling without prior approval and special security measures in place.

Read the  country information page  for additional information on travel to Haiti.

The Haitian Ministry of Health and Population (MSPP) has confirmed an outbreak of cholera in the country.  

If you decide to travel to Haiti:

• Avoid demonstrations and crowds. Do not attempt to drive through roadblocks.
• Arrange airport transfers and hotels in advance, or have your host meet you upon arrival.
• Do not provide personal information to unauthorized individuals (e.g. people without official uniforms or credentials) located in the immigration, customs, or other areas inside or near any airports.
• If you are being followed as you leave the airport, drive to the nearest police station immediately.
• Travel by vehicle to minimize walking in public.
• Travel in groups of at least two people.
• Always keep vehicle doors locked and windows closed when driving.
• Exercise caution and alertness, especially when driving through markets and other traffic congested areas.
• Do not physically resist any robbery attempt.
• Purchase travel insurance and medical evacuation insurance ahead of time.
• Review information on  Travel to High-Risk Areas .
• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive Alerts and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Follow the Department of State on  Facebook  and  Twitter .
• Review the  Country Security Report  on Haiti.
• Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. Review the  Traveler’s Checklist .

Embassy Messages

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Quick Facts

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Yes, for stays over 90 days. Foreign passport holders visiting Haiti must pay a tourist fee of $10.00 at the airport

None; however, review current COVID testing and vaccination guidance

Embassies and Consulates

U.S. Embassy Port-au-Prince

Boulevard du 15 October, Tabarre 41, Route de Tabarre Port-au-Prince, Haiti Telephone:  +(509) 2229-8000 / 2229-8900 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  +(509) 2229-8000 Fax:  +(509) 2229-8027 Email:  [email protected]

American Citizen Services Unit office hours are 7:00 a.m. to 3:30 p.m., Monday through Friday. Most routine services require an appointment; visit our Embassy webpage . The Embassy is closed on U.S. and local holidays.

Destination Description

Learn about the U.S. relationship to countries around the world.

Entry, Exit and Visa Requirements

The Government of Haiti requires all non-Haiti citizens age 12 and over entering the country to be fully vaccinated against COVID-19, or to present a negative COVID test.   No COVID test or vaccination is required for travelers under the age of 5 .  

Requirement for Entry: Passport valid for at least six months from date of arrival. Visit the Embassy of Haiti website for the most current visa information.

HIV/AIDS Restrictions:   The U.S. Department of State is unaware of any HIV/AIDS entry restrictions for visitors to or foreign residents of Haiti.

Find information on dual nationality , prevention of international child abduction and customs regulations on our websites.

Safety and Security

Crime:  Embassy employees are prohibited from using public transportation and visiting certain areas of Port-au-Prince due to high crime. Political violence and violent crimes are common in Haiti, including murders, kidnappings, robberies, assaults, vehicle break-ins, and home invasions. Travelers are often targeted, followed, and violently attacked and robbed shortly after leaving the Port-au-Prince international airport. For this reason, Embassy personnel are prohibited from traveling in personal vehicles to and from the airport. Also, the Embassy has procedures in place to detect surveillance and deter attacks on its employees.

Labadee, a port near Cap Haitien in the north - only accessible by cruise ship passengers - has private security and lower rates of reported crime. Travelers should exercise heightened  precautions,however, due to increasing insecurity nationwide.

Safety Precautions:

• Be careful about providing your destination address in Haiti. Do not provide personal information to unauthorized individuals located in the immigration, customs, or other areas inside or near any airports in Haiti.
• As you leave the airport, make sure you are not being followed. If you notice you are being followed, drive to the nearest police station immediately.
• Be aware of your surroundings.
• Keep a low profile.
• Do not display signs of wealth, such as jewelry or watches.
• Embassy employees are prohibited from visiting banks and using ATMs. U.S. citizens are often followed, attacked and robbed soon after withdrawing money. If you must use an ATM, select one that is out of sight from the general public (such as inside your hotel), and be cautious at all times.
• Do not resist a robbery or car-jacking attempt. Criminals may kill those who resist. 
• If a situation makes you feel uncomfortable, leave immediately.
• Be aware: drug traffickers have duped travelers into transporting narcotics aboard on commercial flights.
• Be aware: crime rates tend to go up during holidays, particularly in crowded street festivities.

See the  Department of State  and the  FBI  pages for information on scams.

Victims of Crime, Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault:  Local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crimes. Police investigations may not meet U.S. standards and forensic medical services are very basic. While rape kits exist in Haiti, there is generally no capacity to collect or utilize samples for police investigation. Report crimes to the local police at (+509) 3838-1111 or (+509) 3733-3640, then call the U.S. Embassy at (+509) 2229-8000.

See our webpage on  help for U.S. victims of crime overseas .

• Help you find appropriate medical care
• Assist you in reporting a crime to the police
• Contact relatives or friends if we receive your written consent
• Explain the local criminal justice process in general terms
• Provide a  list of attorneys in Haiti
• Provide information on  victim’s compensation programs in the United States  
• In cases of destitution, provide an emergency loan for repatriation to the United States and/or limited medical support
• Help you find hotel accommodations and arrange a flight home
• Replace a stolen or lost passport

Demonstrations  occur frequently.  They may take place in response to political or economic issues, on politically significant holidays, and during international events. 

• Demonstrations can be unpredictable, avoid areas around protests and demonstrations. 
• Past demonstrations have turned violent.
• Check local media for updates and traffic advisories.

Domestic Violence:  U.S. citizen victims of domestic violence are encouraged to contact the Embassy for assistance.

No formal tourism industry infrastructure is in place on any level in most locations.  With the exception of Labadee, tourists are participating in activities at their own risk.  Emergency response and subsequent appropriate medical treatment is not available in-country.  U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase medical evacuation insurance.  See our webpage for more information on insurance providers for overseas coverage

Hurricanes:  Hurricane season runs from June 1 – November 30 in the Atlantic. Roads and bridges may become impassible. Poor rescue services and weak infrastructure hamper the government’s ability to respond to storms.

For information on how to prepare and respond to storms and hurricanes:

• https://www.ready.gov/hurricanes
• Haiti Météo website
• Local media broadcasts in Creole or French
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
• U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency

Earthquakes:  Haiti is prone to earthquakes. For information on what to do before, during, and after an earthquake, visit  https://www.ready.gov/earthquakes .

Local Laws & Special Circumstances

Criminal Penalties: You are subject to local laws.  If you violate local laws, even unknowingly, you may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned.  Prolonged pre-trial detention is common and prison conditions do not meet U.S. standards. Individuals establishing a business or practicing a profession that requires additional permits or licensing should seek information from the competent local authorities, prior to practicing or operating a business.

Furthermore, some laws are also prosecutable in the United States, regardless of local law.  For examples, see our website on crimes against minors abroad and the Department of Justice website.

Arrest Notification:  If you are arrested or detained, ask police or prison officials to notify the U.S. Embassy immediately.  See our webpage for further information.

Real Estate Investments:  Be highly cautious. Property rights are irregularly enforced. Clear title to land is difficult or impossible to obtain. Consult an attorney before signing documents or closing on any real estate transactions. Undeveloped land is vulnerable to legal and physical takeover. Absentee owners may be assaulted by squatters when trying to reclaim their property. Litigation and eviction proceedings can take years. U.S. citizens involved in business/property disputes are sometimes arrested without charge and can spend months or years in pre-trial detention, waiting for their cases to be heard. The Embassy does not attend property dispute hearings but, as above, can assist U.S. citizens who have been arrested.

Firearms and Other Weapons:  Possession of firearms, ammunition, and dangerous weaponry is strictly prohibited to any person, unless the individual has a Haitian license or has been specifically authorized by Haitian authorities.  In order to bring a firearm into Haiti, an owner must obtain written permission in advance from the Director-General of the Haitian National Police (HNP).  Contact the “Centre de Renseignement de la police”/Information Center (CRO) at [email protected] or by telephones at 509-3838-1111 /509-3837-1111/509-3839-1111 for additional information.  Travelers caught entering Haiti with any type of weapon, including firearms or ammunitions, will likely face severe penalties, including prison time. U.S.-issued permits allowing an individual to carry weapons are not valid in Haiti.  Visit the Department’s  Traveling Abroad with Firearms webpage .

Faith-Based Travelers:  See the following webpages for details:

• Faith-Based Travel Information
• International Religious Freedom Report – see country reports
• Human Rights Report – see country reports
• Hajj Fact Sheet for Travelers
• Best Practices for Volunteering Abroad  

LGBTQI+ Travelers:  Anti-LGBTQI+ sentiment exists. While no laws criminalize sexual orientation or consensual same-sex conduct between adults, persons identified as LGBTQI+ may be targeted for harassment, discrimination, or physical attacks. See our LGBTQI+ Travel Information page and section 6 of our Human Rights report for further details.

Travelers with Disabilities:   The law in Haiti prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities, but the law is not enforced.  Social acceptance of persons with disabilities in public is not as prevalent as in the United States, however.  Expect accessibility to be limited in public transportation, lodging, communication/information, and general infrastructure.  Businesses rarely accommodate persons with disabilities and Haitian authorities do not enforce laws mandating public access for the disabled. Sidewalks, when present, are frequently congested by sidewalk commerce and parked cars.

Students:   See our Students Abroad page and FBI travel tips .

Women Travelers:   Domestic violence and sexual assault are unfortunately common and not always investigated or prosecuted consistently or vigorously. See our travel tips for Women Travelers .

The Government of Haiti requires all non-Haiti citizens age 12 and over entering the country to be fully vaccinated against COVID-19, or to present a negative COVID test. 

Medical facilities, including ambulance services, are scarce and generally sub-standard, especially outside the capital. Life-threatening emergencies often require evacuation to a point outside of Haiti by air ambulance at the patient's expense.  Lists of doctors, hospitals, and air ambulance services  are available at the Embassy website.

There is no functional national emergency services line in Haiti. The Embassy maintains a list of emergency telephone contacts.

Ambulance services may not be reliable in an emergency. Injured or seriously ill travelers may prefer to take a taxi or private vehicle to the nearest major hospital rather than wait for an ambulance. Ambulance services are:

• Not widely available and training and availability of emergency responders may be below U.S. standards.
• Not equipped with state-of-the-art medical equipment.
• Often not staffed with trained paramedics and often have little or no medical equipment.

We do not pay medical bills.  Be aware that U.S. Medicare/Medicaid does not apply overseas.  Most hospitals and doctors overseas do not accept U.S. health insurance.

Medical Insurance:  Make sure your health insurance plan provides coverage overseas.  Most care providers overseas only accept cash payments.  See our webpage for more information on insurance providers for overseas coverage.  Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for more information on type of insurance you should consider before you travel overseas.

We strongly recommend supplemental insurance to cover medical evacuation.

Always carry your prescription medication in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription.  Check with the Haitian Ministry of Public Health to ensure the medication is legal in Haiti.

Vaccinations:  Be up-to-date on all vaccinations recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Further health information:

• World Health Organization
• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Health facilities in general:

• Public medical clinics often lack basic resources and supplies.
• Hospitals and doctors often require payment “up front” prior to service or admission. Credit card payment is not always available.
• Private hospitals usually require advance payment or proof of adequate insurance before admitting a patient.
• Medical staff may speak little or no English.
• Patients bear all costs for transfer to or between hospitals.
• Psychological and psychiatric services are limited, even in the larger cities.

Water Quality

In most areas, tap water is not potable. Bottled water and beverages are generally safe, although you should be aware that many restaurants and hotels serve tap water unless bottled water is specifically requested.  Be aware that ice for drinks may be made using tap water.

General Health Language

The following diseases are prevalent:

• Chikungunya
• Use the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended mosquito repellents and sleep under insecticide-impregnated mosquito nets.  Chemoprophylaxis is recommended for all travelers even for short stays.
• There are shortages of food, water, medicine, medical supplies, etc. throughout Haiti.
• Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for more information about Resources for Travelers regarding specific issues in Haiti. 

Travel and Transportation

Road Conditions and Safety:   Traffic is extremely chaotic throughout the country and is frequently congested in urban areas. Lanes are not marked, and signs indicating the flow of traffic seldom exist. Roads are generally unmarked, and detailed, accurate maps are not widely available. GPS-based systems do usually work accurately, but the lack of road signage makes it hard to determine the indicated route. There are only a handful of stoplights in the country. Pedestrians regularly walk on the side of the road, and animals often dart into traffic. Even though driving is on the right side of the road, large potholes and flooding may cause drivers to swerve unpredictably and dangerously into the opposite lane of traffic. Speeding, aggressive driving, lack of traffic lights and signs, lack of right of way, unlit vehicles, and poor maintenance are the cause of many fatal traffic accidents in Haiti, as are overloaded vehicles on winding, mountainous and degraded roads. Motorcycles weave through traffic at high speeds. Driving under the influence is common at night. Traffic accidents are a major cause of death and injury, and extreme caution should be exercised. Those lacking knowledge of Haitian roads and traffic customs should hire a driver through a tour company or hotel. Heavy rains can cause mudslides and flooding that can quickly make conditions perilous. The Haitian government lacks adequate resources to assist drivers in distress or to clear the road of accidents or broken-down vehicles. If you are involved in an accident, do not expect medical or law enforcement assistance.

Public Transportation:  Public transportation consists of “tap-taps” (collective buses), private motorcycles for hire, and public buses and taxis in some cities or inter-city routes. Embassy personnel are prohibited from using any public transportation, and U.S. citizens are advised to avoid doing so due to the risk of crime. There is a significant risk of ejection in any accident, or even rough driving, due to lack of seat belts.

See our Road Safety page for more information.

Aviation Safety Oversight:

The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has assessed the government of Haiti’s Civil Aviation Authority as not being in compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) aviation safety standards for oversight of Haiti’s air carrier operations.  Further information may be found on the FAA’s safety assessment page .

Maritime Travel: Mariners planning travel to Haiti should also check for U.S. maritime advisories and alerts .  Information may also be posted to the  U.S. Coast Guard homeport website , and the NGA broadcast warnings .

For additional travel information

• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive security messages and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays).
• See the  State Department’s travel website  for the  Worldwide Caution  and  Travel Advisories .
• Follow us on  Twitter  and  Facebook .
• See  traveling safely abroad  for useful travel tips.

Review information about International Parental Child Abduction in Haiti . For additional IPCA-related information, please see the International Child Abduction Prevention and Return Act ( ICAPRA ) report. 

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Ten Reasons to Travel to Haiti

Volunteering in Haiti at the FOTCOH clinic isn’t only about the work to we do with the Haitian people to bring them healthcare. Getting the chance to travel to Haiti allows you to have an amazing experience in a beautiful country full of rich history and culture. Consider these top reasons to visit Haiti with FOTCOH:

1. The people – The Haitian people are incredibly welcoming of visitors from all over the world to come and enjoy what their country has to offer. Some of the friendliest people in the Carribean, when visiting Haiti, you will encounter children smiling, and happy men and women eager to give you a special experience. Despite the widespread poverty and the desperation of many of the country’s residents, Haitians are resilient and happy, and ready to show you a wonderful time.

2. The culture – Haiti is full of culture – from Voodoo ceremonies to art, to iron sculptures in the streets, and colorful taptaps (Haitian taxis) and loud music filling the streets, Haiti is like no other country when it comes to having a good time.

3. To give back – One of the best ways to help an underdeveloped country is to spend foreign dollars there. When you visit Haiti and support local businesses, you are giving back to people in a way that is changing their lives drastically. And, of course, when you volunteer with FOTCOH, you are giving back to the Haiti community with your time and resources!

4. Food – A mixture of French, African and Spanish, kréyol is the traditional Haitian cuisine. With most meals served up with diri kole ak pwa, (rice and beans) you’ll find anything from poulet with kidney bean rice, (chicken & rice) to poisson frit et sauce ( fish in creole sauce). Flavourful and not too spicy, Haitian cuisine has its own Caribbean – European flair that you won’t find anywhere else in the region.

5. Beaches – Haiti has some beautiful beaches, as well as some secret bays and coves that are simply out of this world (such as the Cyvadier Hotel Cove), and the best part is that crowded. Close to the FOTCOH clinic there are many beaches, include Ti Mioullage Beach, that are secluded and offer a great way for volunteers to take a break after a long day at work.

6. Adventure – Exploring hidden waterfalls in Jacmel such a Bassin Bleu or go surfing at one of the many beaches in Haiti – wherever you are, there is an adventure waiting in Haiti.

7. Work alongside great volunteers – This is our favorite reason to visit Haiti! Working at the FOTCOH clinic is a life-changing experience like no other. You will be amazed at the incredible people you will meet that have also decided to dedicate their time and energy to help in Haiti, and those friendships are ones that last a lifetime.

8. History – A country with a tumultuous and fascinating past, Haiti is overflowing with interesting tales. Where it’s rare to find a Caribbean country with such a rich history, this is something in which Haiti is definitely not lacking.

9. Natural Beauty – Despite the poverty, and the unfortunate trash that collects on the streets in large cities in Haiti, there is a lot of natural beauty in the country and the beaches are kept clean as many of them are untouched by tourists.

10. The art – A way for many Haitians to make a living, but also some of the best art in the Caribbean. Raw, real and authentic, whether it’s Voodoo, sculpture or brightly colored canvas, having a piece of Haitian art in your home is a great way to remember your trip to this incredible country.

How can you get involved in helping children and adults in Haiti?

You can help us provide life-saving support to the Haitian population in and around our medical clinic in a few different ways.

One way is by becoming a volunteer. Volunteer teams from the U.S. travel to Haiti to provide support for the most impoverished people in Haiti, who otherwise would have no access to medical care or wellness education of any kind. Team volunteers work side-by-side with experienced FOTCOH personnel, treating people who otherwise will go without any medical attention. All volunteers return home with a sense of experience and satisfaction unmatched in other endeavors.

Another way is by donating to FOTCOH. FOTCOH provides life-saving support to over 15,000 Haitian patients every year. We bring doctors, nurses, EMTs, pharmacists and non-medical volunteers to our clinic to triage injuries, treat illness, offer prenatal care, perform major surgery, and offer nutritional support. We also teach WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) practices to educate the Haitian population about the importance of handwashing and clean water use. In doing so, we create economic opportunity by training and employing a Haitian staff. Funds go to purchasing medications, surgical supplies, and supporting our Medika Mamba program for malnourished Haitian children.

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Your Top Reasons To Visit Haiti This Year

Caribbean Sun Destinations | May 11, 2014 by Marissa | Comments Off on Your Top Reasons To Visit Haiti This Year

Though one of the Caribbean countries, the top reasons to visit Haiti have not yet gained the spotlight as a leading travel destination in the entire globe. Haiti nestles partly on the western portion of Hispaniola with the Atlantic Ocean lying to its north and the Caribbean Sea positioned to its south.

Plaine du Cul de Sac is one of the recognized milestones in Haiti and is also an important landmark for tourist travellers. It is situated close to the country’s boundary with the Dominican Republic and is regarded as one of the top reasons to visit Haiti. For tourists who are day tripping aficionados of the natural world, Plaine du Cul de Sac is the ideal place to visit cause it offers unique kinds of fauna such as that of the duck, flamingo and heron genus.

One of the tourist attractions and the top reasons to visit Haiti is Petionville. It is dotted in the metropolitan capital and is relatively a renowned region in Port-au-Prince. From here you can discover and indulge on many conventional and contemporary facilities and services; truly, a great way to reward yourself after a quite exhausting day of excursion in this Caribbean paradise. You may also spend some time trying the delectable dishes of one of the leading restaurants within the city.

For some valid basis, places within the Caribbean have been linked with rum and that is plainly because Haiti is famed as one of the finest rum-producing areas. So if you would like to have a taste of one of the world’s best quality rums then you better visit Barbancourt Rum Distillery. The distillery is primarily a crowd drawer owing to its live exhibition to tourists as to how the rums are actually created.

Citadelle Laferriere will surely fascinate you if you have the enthusiasm in delving into the historical landmarks of places. Laferriere is considered as one of the top reasons to visit Haiti owing its ancient stronghold which was created on a colossal load in the northern hemisphere of the country. It was even declared as one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites and is also a significant emblem among the residents of Haiti.

If you would like to find out more about the other attention-grabbing tourist attractions in Haiti then you may also visit Labadie Island, Amiga Island, Bay of Acul, Musee de Guahaba and the Museum of Haitian Art. Haiti may not probably be on the top roll of your vacation spots to visit in the future but if ever you decide to explore the Caribbean then Haiti is certainly worth the try.

Tags: beaches , Caribbean , distilleries , forts , Haiti , museums , wildlife

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Haiti Safety 2024: Is Haiti Safe to Visit?

Haiti is nestled on the second-largest Caribbean island, Hispaniola, and shares its stunning scenery with the Dominican Republic .

There’s a lot to love about Haiti—the untouched rainforest of Macaya National Park , the mesmerizing Saut Mathurine waterfall, the enchanting island Île à Rat , the grand Sans Souci Palace , the hidden gem of Grotte Marie Jeanne underground cave, and the tropical haven of Cotes des Arcadins .

Unfortunately, beyond the scenic beauty, Haiti’s turbulent sociopolitical scene makes it a highly dangerous destination —political turmoil, criminal activity, civil unrest, and the highest travel advisory warning against visiting this country. Stay with us to uncover more about Haiti.

Is Haiti Safe?

No, Haiti is not a safe destination for travelers. In imperialist times, Haiti was the most profitable colony globally due to its sugar and coffee trade. But, as usual, colonialism has taken its toll. Today, Haiti ranks among the world’s poorest countries .

Additionally, Haiti is still grappling with the aftermath of the devastating 2010 earthquake , which claimed over 300,000 lives and rendered 1.5 million people homeless.

Drive from Port-au-Prince’s international airport to the city center, and you’ll pass through slums where goats and pigs scavenge through piles of trash. Teens clean car windows in halted traffic, and hotels are guarded by armed personnel.

Why the armed guards? Well, there’s virtually no safe haven in this country. The threat of violent crime is very real and present everywhere. As a result, Haiti earned one of the lowest ranks in the 2023 Global Peace Safety Index , coming in at 129 out of 163 countries.

• International travel advisories: Level 4 (Do Not Travel); violent crime and shortage of basic necessities are widespread
• Crime rating: High, 77.88
• Most dangerous areas: Artibonite Central, Bas-Delmas, Bel Air, Carrefour, Carrefour, Drouillard, Champs-de-Mars, Cité Soleil, Croix-des-Bouquets, Downtown Port-au-Prince, Fontamara, Jalousie, Laboule 12, Martissant, Portail Léogane, Road to the airport, Santo, Tabarre, Torcelle, and Toussant Brave
• Public transportation safety: Passengers often fall victim to assault, abductions, and theft; official taxis are rare, buses are few, and minibusses lack safety features
• Safety walking alone during the day: Low
• Safety walking alone during the night: Very low
• Road safety: Roads lack proper markings, some are closed, and others have large potholes
• Beach safety: The safest beaches are located at the Labadee Resort ; take notice of the warning flags and keep an eye on your belongings
• Tap water: Unsafe to drink
• Common natural disasters: Earthquakes, hurricanes, and tsunamis
• Carbon monoxide poisoning: Possible, a portable carbon monoxide detector is advised if you plan to travel
• Police presence: Severely understaffed and may lack the resources to respond effectively to serious criminal incidents
• Medical care quality: Hospitals and clinics lack qualified doctors, basic equipment, and resources for treating patients

Travel Advisory for Haiti

Every international travel advisory echoes the same stark warning for Haiti—Do Not Travel.

The United States , the United Kingdom , Canada , Australia , and New Zealand travel advisories all place Haiti in the highest risk category— Level Four —and strongly discourage travelers from visiting due to:

• Violent Crime: Travelers are at risk of being followed and violently attacked especially after leaving the Port-au-Prince International Airport. Criminals target vehicles stuck in heavy traffic.
• Civil unrest: Ongoing political instability leads to violent demonstrations, roadblocks, and attacks by criminal organizations, impacting areas like Route Nationale 2 from Martissant to Miragoane.
• Lack of police protection: Local police often lack the resources to respond effectively to serious criminal incidents, particularly in Artibonite Central, Bas-Delmas, Bel Air, Carrefour, Carrefour, Drouillard, Champs-de-Mars, Cité Soleil, Croix-des-Bouquets, Downtown Port-au-Prince, Fontamara, Jalousie, Laboule 12, Martissant, Portail Léogane, Road to the airport, Santo, Tabarre, Torcelle, and Toussant Brave.
• Poor healthcare infrastructure: Medical clinics and hospitals lack qualified staff, basic equipment, and resources. Life-threatening emergencies may require evacuation at the patient’s expense.
• Severe shortages of basic necessities: Frequent power outages, as well as water and fuel shortages, are common. Tap water is generally unsafe to drink.
• Natural disasters: Cyclones, hurricanes, tropical storms, floods, and earthquakes continue to pose a significant risk, with limited government capacity to respond effectively.

Given these substantial risks, it is strongly advised to avoid traveling to Haiti.

A Comprehensive Look at Haiti Crime Rates

Haiti has a high crime rating of 77.88.

Data from the Haitian National Police and the UN reveal a dire situation in the first quarter of 2023 —over 1,600 reported incidents. This is a staggering rise, as the number nearly tripled from 692 incidents during the same period of the previous year (Q1 2022).

The capital Port-au-Prince and its metropolitan region face the cruelty of approximately 150 criminal groups , many affiliated with the G-Pèp and the G9 alliance . Cité Soleil has served as the main battleground for rival disputes between the G9 and the G-Pèp alliance.

With violence surging in Haiti, people are witnessing a full-blown humanitarian crisis . In 2023 , nearly 200,000 people have been displaced, around 70,000 individuals are living in makeshift settlements, 31,000 live out in the open, and another 34,000 are crammed into classrooms.

The situation demands urgent attention from authorities, and a wake-up call for you, tourists, to reserve this destination for better days.

Source : Numbeo , 2024 data, based on 50 contributors

Police Presence in Haiti

The Haitian National Police force is severely understaffed and lacks the necessary equipment to tackle the country’s widespread violence and criminality. The force is pressed rather thin , with personnel dropping from 14,772 to around 13,200 in 2023.

If you happen to visit Haiti for whatever reason—despite the warnings of the authorities—know that police protection in Haiti is not guaranteed. If you believe that you are being followed in Haiti, be it after leaving the airport or anyplace else, prioritize your safety and go to the nearest police station immediately.

Public Transportation Safety in Haiti

Public transportation in Haiti comes with a host of challenges, and safety is a major concern.

Official taxis are a rarity, buses are few and far between, and the shared “tap-tap” minibusses, although commonly used, should be avoided as they lack safety features, the drivers drive recklessly, and are often overcrowded. Reports of armed robberies and abductions associated with public transportation raise serious red flags. Adding to the list of reasons to avoid public transport, bus stations are often chaotic hotspots for pickpocketing and scams.

Road Safety in Haiti

Driving in Haiti is not safe. Many roads lack proper markings, others are closed, and a great majority have large potholes caused by massive earthquakes.

If this weren’t enough, Haiti’s roads are shared spaces with animals that are rather oblivious to the concept of cars. In urban areas, encounters with smaller animals like pigs, dogs, and goats are common, while rural roads may lead to encounters with larger animals such as cows and donkeys.

Medical Care Quality in Haiti

Healthcare in Haiti is limited and inadequate.

Fontaine Hospital Center , situated in the heart of Cité Soleil—the most densely populated and violent area of the capital—stands as one of the last bastions for medical treatment. Ambulance services are limited, and they might not be well-equipped with essential medical supplies, so effective emergency response is also not guaranteed.

When seeking medical attention, visitors should be prepared for immediate cash payments, even if they have valid travel health insurance. Pharmacies might stock expired medications, and some crucial medications may not be available.

In life-threatening situations, be aware that Haiti may not be able to provide you with sufficient medical treatment. In such cases, evacuation might be necessary, and it often comes at the patient’s own expense.

Is It Safe to Travel Solo in Haiti?

Travel advisories strongly discourage solo visits to Haiti due to a multitude of safety concerns, civil unrest, and limited healthcare facilities.

Solo travelers, in particular, are viewed as easy targets and might find themselves more susceptible to harassment and assault. Public transportation adds another layer of risk, as it’s both unreliable and unsafe, especially after nightfall. Until travel advisories change, it’s best to avoid solo trips to Haiti.

Perils of Nature: The Risk of Natural Disasters in Haiti

Haiti is at risk of a few natural disasters: hurricanes, earthquakes, and tsunamis.

Haiti lies in the Atlantic hurricane belt, making it susceptible to hurricanes and tropical storms during the hurricane season, which is from June 1 to November 30 . On average, about five such events occur each year , with the most affected regions being southeast, south, and northwest.

The latest hurricane , Franklin , reached tropical storm hurricane status with winds up to 57 mph (93 km/h) on August 24, 2023, near Dérac. The most devastating hurricane season , however, happened back in 2008 when storms Fay, Gustav, Hanna, and Ike caused widespread destruction.

In case of a hurricane or severe storm:

• Be aware of potential travel disruptions
• Flights may be delayed or suspended
• Adequate shelter might be limited
• Port access could be impacted

If a hurricane is imminent:

• Identify local shelters
• Follow the advice from local authorities
• Stay informed with updates from the US National Hurricane Center

Earthquakes

Haiti, located along the boundary of the Caribbean and North American tectonic plates, is susceptible to seismic activity. 

One of the most devastating earthquakes occurred in 2010 , registering 7.0 on the Richter scale. Lasting 35 seconds, it resulted in 220,000 dead, 300,000 injured, and 1.5 million homeless.

Tragically, that wasn’t the strongest one, nor the last one to devastate the nation. The strongest earthquake in Haiti occurred in 2021 , with a magnitude of 7.2 on the Richter Scale. It claimed 2,248 lives and triggered a tsunami warning.

To this day, earthquake-damaged infrastructure, including health services, roads, telecommunications, and utilities, remains a challenge. Water and sewerage system damages have contributed to increased disease outbreaks in Haiti.

In the event of an earthquake hit in Haiti:

• Drop to the ground, take cover under something sturdy, and hold on until the shaking stops
• If outdoors, find a clear spot away from buildings and trees, and remember to drop, cover, and hold on

Tsunamis are colossal tidal waves triggered by earthquakes or seismic eruptions beneath ocean surfaces.

The most destructive tsunami in Haiti’s history occurred in 1842 , reaching a towering height of 16 feet (5m) and claiming 300 lives. The 7.0 earthquake in 2010 also generated a tsunami with 3.2-meter waves , resulting in three fatalities. In 2021, following the 7.2 earthquake, tsunami warnings were issued for some Haitian coasts, though fortunately, an official tsunami did not occur .

If you’re near the Haiti coast and experience a strong or prolonged earthquake, notice sea-level changes, or hear unusual oceanic noises, promptly move to higher ground as advised by local authorities.

Tsunamis can strike within minutes of seismic activity, but if you register on the Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System , you’ll receive a timely alert if a tsunami is approaching. Don’t wait for official alarms, act swiftly. Once in a safe location, stay informed through local media.

Beware the Silent Threat: Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in Haiti

Hotels and motels face a genuine threat from carbon monoxide poisoning. In Mexico City , three AirBnB guests lost their lives to carbon monoxide, and another group faced a similar fate at a Sandals Resort in the Bahamas .

Haiti hasn’t experienced such incidents with tourists yet, but it doesn’t mean it’s impossible.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is an invisible and odorless toxic gas. For instance, if your hotel has a malfunctioning appliance, like a stove, water heater, or heating system, the gas can leak into your room, slowly poisoning you.

Many hotels use CO detectors to keep guests safe from dangerous gas—but not all of them. It’s best to purchase a portable CO detector , especially if the hotel doesn’t have one or it’s broken.

Remember, if you get headaches, throw up, or feel sick, that could be CO poisoning. Get medical care immediately. Longer exposure to CO may have tragic effects, like paralysis, brain damage, or fatal consequences.

Serenity by the Shore: The Safety of Haiti Beaches

Considering the widespread violence in Haiti, some might think twice about visiting any of its beaches. However, if you decide to ignore the serious warnings, the safest beach to visit would be Labadee.

Labadee is a private beach resort on Haiti’s northern coast, owned by Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines and exclusively accessible to cruise ship passengers. The resort is well-protected, with trained security personnel ensuring the safety of tourists.

When hitting the beach, it’s a good idea to pay attention to warning flags:

• Red Flag: High surf, life-threatening currents – Don’t swim
• Yellow Flag: Potential high surf or risky currents – Swim with caution
• Green Flag: Safe to swim
• Purple Flag: Presence of dangerous marine life like sharks, jellyfish, or sea urchins – Swim with extreme caution
• Blue Flag: The beach is recognized for excellent water quality, environmental care, and safety

Not all beaches have these flags, so it’s advisable to talk to locals or resort staff about the safety situation before heading out for a swim. Once there, remember the basics: wear sunscreen and keep an eye on your stuff.

Haiti Weather Patterns: What to Expect

Haiti has a hot tropical climate year-round. The average temperatures range from the high 70s°F (about 25°C) in winter to the mid-80s°F (about 30°C) in summer.

The specific temperatures vary based on the elevation, with slightly higher temperatures in inland plains and on south-facing coasts, and slightly lower temperatures along north-facing coasts.

The sunny and dry season in Haiti starts in December and lasts until April. January is the sunniest month, with clear skies about 79% of the time and very little rain, averaging 0.4 inches (about 1 cm).

The cloudy and wet season spans from May to November. September is the cloudiest month, with overcast or mostly cloudy skies about 74% of the time. The wettest days occur in May, averaging 5.1 days with 2.1 inches of rainfall (about 13 cm).

Haiti gets quite windy from the end of June to mid-August, with average speeds exceeding 5.7 mph (about 9.2 km/h). June is the windiest month, with an average hourly speed of 6.4 mph (about 10.3 km/h). This aligns with the hurricane season from June to November, increasing the likelihood of hurricanes during the windy months.

Conversely, the calmer wind period spans 9.2 months, from the end of August to May. October is the calmest month, with an average hourly wind speed of 4.9 mph (about 7.9 km/h).

The water is warmest from July to November, with an average temperature above 84°F (about 28.9°C). September has the warmest water, with an average temperature of 85°F (about 29.4°C), while February sees the coolest water, averaging 81°F (about 27.2°C).

Monthly Average Temperatures in Haiti

Source : WeatherSpark , 2024 data

When Is the Best Time to Visit Haiti?

Currently, there’s no good time to book a trip to Haiti. However, if the safety situation improves, crime levels drop, and international travel advisories give it the green light, you might want to plan your trip during the dry season, from December to April .

The dry season has several perks: escape from the snow or cold of the northern hemisphere, balmy weather perfect for beach time, and calm seas that are great for activities like surfing, snorkeling, diving, and trekking.

However, there’s one downside: December to April is also peak tourist season, making it a bit tricky and sometimes expensive to find flights. The busiest months are December and January, with Haitians living abroad returning for end-of-year celebrations with friends and family.

If you do visit during peak tourist season, book well in advance and do a little digging to find the best hotel deal.

How to Stay Safe in Haiti

By now, it should be clear that traveling to Haiti involves serious risks. If you choose to travel there anyway, make sure to follow these safety guidelines :

• Sign up for the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program . It’s a free service that provides real-time security information and maintains a connection between you and your government.
• Consider booking a hotel room at the private beach resort Labadee . The resort is well-protected by trained security personnel.
• Get all recommended vaccinations (for diphtheria, tetanus, polio, hep A., typhoid, cholera) at least one month before your departure.
• Stay up-to-date on natural disasters . Monitor hurricanes at the National Hurricane Center , earthquakes on VolcanoDiscovery , and tsunamis on the Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System .
• Have someone meet you at the airport or pre-book an airport transfer. Never use public transport.
• If you must drive, keep your fuel tank at least half-full , as the gas stations may often have limited supplies.
• Dress modestly and avoid flashy displays of wealth , as you don’t want any additional attention.
• Make and carry copies of important documents , such as your passport and driver’s license, in case of theft.
• People may not appreciate being photographed in poor or urban areas , so seek permission before taking pictures.
• Purchase a Digicel Haiti SIM card for reliable internet and cell service —you don’t want to be unable to contact emergency services (or your family abroad) while in Haiti.
• Exercise extreme caution when using banks . Use ATMs only in secure locations like malls or markets and never in public spaces.
• Avoid going out after sunset . If you’re hungry, consider using a food delivery app like Uber Eats , which operates in major cities in Haiti.
• Violent crimes are common . Be extremely vigilant and aware of your surroundings at all times. If someone tries to steal from you, don’t resist. Criminals are often armed, and resistance may lead to fatal injuries.
• Seek immediate medical help if you’re a victim of violent crime .

Emergency Numbers

• Ambulance: 116/ 3685-0717
• Police: 114/ 3805-8888/ 3838-1111
• Civil Protection: 4448-6571/ 3623-0303/ 4896-0564
• Electricity: 2212-2212
• Water Supply and Sanitation Directorate: 5959
• Fire department: 2945-1111

Leave Your Haiti Vacation for Better & Safer Times

Who would have guessed that such a stunning country could be so risky? Unfortunately, life-threatening dangers make visiting Haiti a rather bad idea at present.

So until the situation improves, we strongly recommend heeding international travel advisories and not visiting this country.

If you decide to go despite the warnings, take maximum precautions. Upon arrival, ensure that no one is following you, as criminals have been known to observe people arriving at the airport and then following them with malicious intent.

Stick to the secure resort areas, arrange organized transport, never venture into high-crime zones, and stay safely locked in at night.

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Not a sh*thole: Here are five reasons you should travel to Haiti

By oneika raymond.

Sh*thole?  What sh*thole?  Here are five reasons to travel to beautiful Haiti, the world’s first black republic.

Mention Haiti to most people and they’ll likely conjure up images of strife and devastation.  But while the island nation’s had its troubles, it’s so much more than the single story of suffering the media is quick to promote. Luckily, I had the opportunity discover this first hand when I finally made a visit there last summer. Historically rich, culturally vast, and tremendously beautiful, Haiti is totally  worth a visit.  Don’t believe me? I’ll elaborate. Here are five reasons to make Haiti your next trip (ignorant remarks from a certain world leader notwithstanding).

Five reasons you should go to Haiti

1. the history.

Even if you’re not a history buff, Haiti’s remarkable past will intrigue you. The nation, which shares the island of Hispaniola with the Dominican Republic, was once under Spanish and French rule. But in 1804 Haiti shed the shackles of its colonial keepers when enslaved Africans successfully revolted and made the country the world’s first independent Black republic. 

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Haitian history is filled with inspiring examples of #BlackExcellence: there was Toussaint Louverture, the former slave and leader of the rebellion who went on to become the first black general of the French Army; Jean-Jacques Dessalines, the lieutenant who declared Haiti’s sovereignty and then became the first emperor of the country, and Henri Christophe, the former slave who not only built the largest fortress in the Americas (La Citadelle) but also went on to become the first King of Haiti.  Whew! Can you say “glow up”? Flourishing in spite of adversity is a prevailing theme in Haitian history.

2. The sights

Haiti is full of impressive architectural wonders. Sans-Souci Palace and La Citadelle, for example, are perhaps the most majestic remaining symbols of the proud and prosperous period following the Haitian Revolution.  Found in the northern part of Haiti, both structures were designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites and are considered national icons.  Pretty buildings not your thing? Bassin Bleu, found in the southern part of the island, is a series of natural basins said to be amongst the prettiest swimming holes in Haiti.  Located west of Jacmel, Bassin Blue is an idyllic place to relax, cool off, and appreciate nature.

3. The culture

With its European, African, Indigenous and Latin American influences, Haiti’s cultural fabric is both vibrant and multifaceted. The arts are highly valued here, with music and dancing comprising an integral part of daily life. In particular, revelers extol the life-giving properties of Haitian Kanaval (Carnival), which fills the streets of the capital Port-au-Prince with eye-catching color and rib-shaking music every February. And if you’re not able to make it there for carnival, never fear: there’s music all year round. For example, strains of Haitian hip hop or konpa (the merengue-based musical genre with African and European roots) will get even the most defiant non-dancer to bob their head or wind their waist to the beat.

4. The food

While Haiti’s cuisine is varied and has something to suit every palate, you can’t leave without sampling the country’s most beloved dish. The much-heralded griot (fried pork) is often paired with another Haitian staple, rice and beans, and topped with a side of pikliz, a zesty local condiment made of cabbage.  With that said, I couldn’t get enough of the seafood during my stay– it’s so fresh, so good, and so inexpensive!  The grilled lobster I ate on the beach in Jacmel was divine!

5. The beaches

Haiti’s beaches are perhaps the Caribbean’s best kept secret: from north to south, the country is awash in pristine stretches of sand lapped by clear turquoise waters. However, while the beaches around the northern coast are the country’s most touristy and lauded, for tranquility and more local appeal head to the south.  Port Salut Beach, found in the southwest, offers stunning sunsets, while the eclectic city of Jacmel is the jump-off point for a number of Haiti’s other coastal beach gems.

You should go to Haiti

Don’t believe the media hype– despite its recent hardships Haiti is a destination that is worthy of deep exploration.  The country’s fascinating sights, history, and culture are only bested by the warmth and tenacity of its people.

And I’ll say it again: Haiti is so much more than its single story of devastation. Haitians are vibrant, proud, immensely hardworking, and strong; the natural and unspoiled beauty of the country are unparalleled.

So while Haiti doesn’t need your pity, it definitely deserves your tourist dollars.

Don’t believe the negative press spewed by ignorant and uninformed world leaders. Instead, go to Haiti and discover everything it has to offer for yourself.  You won’t regret it.

Have you ever been to Haiti?

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A shorter version of this article was first published in Ebony Magazine .

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Royal Caribbean cancels cruises to Haiti amid ongoing turmoil there

T urmoil in the Caribbean has prompted the Royal Caribbean cruise line to “temporarily make adjustments to sailings” to a popular destination in the area.

As Haiti continues to be destabilized by vicious gangs, Royal Caribbean will not sail to the peninsula of Labadee on the country’s north coast in May, the Independent reports.

Royal Caribbean’s travel pause to Labadee began in mid-March, as airports closed and flights were canceled.

At the time, Haitian Prime Minister Ariel Henry announced his planned resignation amid the upheaval.

Royal Caribbean’s “Global Security and Intel Team is closely monitoring the evolving situation in Haiti,” a spokesperson for the cruise line told the Independent.

“The safety and security of our guests, crew and communities we visit are our top priority,” the rep added.

Ships and itineraries facing disruption in May include Allure of the Seas, Adventure of the Seas, Wonder of the Seas and Symphony of the Seas, per the Independent.

“We will continue to monitor and reassess calls as needed, and will communicate updates with guests directly,” Royal Caribbean said in its statement.

The US State Department began warning Americans not to travel to parts of Haiti , like the capital, Port-au-Prince, in July 2023 because of kidnappings, crime, civil unrest and poor healthcare.

Earlier this month, private operations were launched by former New York Giant Jack Brewer to get Americans in Haiti out safely .

As the situation worsens, Port-au-Prince has been described as a “battlefield,” where notorious gang leaders are deliberately burning down homes.

Gangs have also stormed a prison and helped about 4,000 prisoners escape .

Millions are struggling with hunger as many ports and supply routes are cut off while more than 360,000 people have been displaced by the violence, according to the United Nations.

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A portrait of Haitians trying to survive without a government

Eyder Peralta

Moncher Metina outside her house in Limonade, Haiti, on March 17, 2024. Octavio Jones for NPR hide caption

Moncher Metina outside her house in Limonade, Haiti, on March 17, 2024.

CAP-HAÏTIEN, Haiti — Most of northern Haiti has escaped the violence and anarchy that has engulfed much of the country's capital, Port-au-Prince.

But ever since President Jovenel Moïse was assassinated in 2021, this region has felt the slow crumbling of the Haitian state. These days, government offices are mostly closed and government services, including electricity, don't exist. It has left Haitians to fend for themselves.

These are some of their stories.

Moncher Metina

Moncher Metina has spent her whole 65 years of life in a rural part of Limonade in northern Haiti.

She remembers when she was a kid, she would swim in the rivers that have now dried up. She remembers this was fertile land. In truth, she says, back in the day, the people in Limonade didn't even think about the government. They always had sufficient rain, always sufficient food. This place was full of lush rice fields.

But over the past decade or so, the climate has changed and the rains have become unpredictable.

"We've missed the harvest for pistachios, beans and yam," she says.

When she was young, they produced everything they ate right here. But these days, she says, they have to eat imported rice. In Haiti, rice is a staple, and about 80% of it is now imported from the United States.

Moncher Metina walks in her hometown of Limonade, Haiti, on March 17, 2024. Octavio Jones for NPR hide caption

Moncher Metina walks in her hometown of Limonade, Haiti, on March 17, 2024.

Louisiana Francilo (left) and Wilky Deranci pump water from a public well in Limonade, Haiti, on March 17, 2024. Octavio Jones for NPR hide caption

Louisiana Francilo (left) and Wilky Deranci pump water from a public well in Limonade, Haiti, on March 17, 2024.

Metina shakes her head. The only thing they need to change that is a few wells and a few pumps from the government, and this land could be lush again.

"But we don't have a government to do these kind of things," she says. "Even if there was a local authority, they don't do anything."

She points to the dirt roads, full of potholes, some parts of them washed out by water long ago. "The government did nothing," she says. "They do nothing for us."

Metina walks across a field. She looks small in the middle of its vastness. This is her land, but planting anything here would be risky.

Her neighbor, Antoine Jean Bellami, says he just planted 1,000 plantain trees, but they're all starting to yellow because it has not yet rained.

"When people work here, they realize it's worthless," he says. "And facing that discouragement, young people just up and leave. They go to the Dominican Republic to get humiliated."

Metina's own son left for neighboring Dominican Republic about a year ago, and that was the last time she heard from him. It's the story of this region. Metina's smile fades from her face. She lowers her gaze. She lowers her voice.

"I just hope that he's around," she says. "I would have known if he was dead. If he had died, I would have felt it."

Emmanuel Desir

Cables of all kinds drape across Emmanuel Desir's living room.

"When people come in here, they say, 'Wow, you're an engineer!' and I say, 'No, I am Haitian,'" he says laughing.

The 41-year-old is actually an electrician. But here in Cap-Haïtien, electricians have become lifesavers. Cap-Haïtien is Haiti's second-largest city, but for more than two years now, it has been living off the grid. Electricity was always patchy, but following the 2021 assassination of President Moïse the state electricity company collapsed and stopped providing power.

Emmanuel Desir, who works as an electrician, poses for a photo at his home on the outskirts of Limonade, Haiti, on March 17, 2024. Octavio Jones for NPR hide caption

Emmanuel Desir, who works as an electrician, poses for a photo at his home on the outskirts of Limonade, Haiti, on March 17, 2024.

Desir says, now, he spends every day installing solar panels. He installs little systems that run about $150 and can charge a cellphone, a laptop and run a few lights. And he also installs systems that cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. They harness the power of the sun to run refrigerators and air conditioners.

There are some charity groups helping to install solar panels in Cap-Haïtien, but most of the work is done by private companies like Desir's.

A big problem, he says, is that $150 is a lot of money in Haiti, a country where more than 60% of the population lives with less than $4 a day , according to a World Bank estimate.

A charging station for cellphones and laptop devices is seen at a bar in downtown Cap-Haïtien, Haiti, on March 17, 2024. Octavio Jones for NPR hide caption

A charging station for cellphones and laptop devices is seen at a bar in downtown Cap-Haïtien, Haiti, on March 17, 2024.

Rod Augustin measures dimensions for solar installation at a bar in Limonade, Haiti, on March 17, 2024. Octavio Jones for NPR hide caption

Rod Augustin measures dimensions for solar installation at a bar in Limonade, Haiti, on March 17, 2024.

On a practical level, that means if you don't have a solar panel, you can't charge the essentials, including a cellphone. So, across Cap-Haïtien there are charging stations for phones and laptops. Desir set up a charging center for his neighbors at his home. The lone street light in the neighborhood takes power from his solar inverter.

"Everyone always says, electricity is the base of development; it's the first stage of development," he says.

He's proud that he is helping Haitians power their homes. But sometimes, he says, Haitians end up wasting a day simply trying to charge a cellphone.

Commander Minis Derius

Just along Haiti's northern coast, in Ouanaminthe, Haitians have decided to take matters into their own hands.

About a year ago, private citizens decided to move forward with a long-planned canal that would divert some water from a shared river with the Dominican Republic to a canal designed to irrigate vast farmlands in northern Haiti.

The canal near completion in the border city of Ouanaminthe, Haiti. The Dominican Republic protested over the project, which would divert water from a river shared by the neighboring countries. Octavio Jones for NPR hide caption

The canal near completion in the border city of Ouanaminthe, Haiti. The Dominican Republic protested over the project, which would divert water from a river shared by the neighboring countries.

Thousands of Haitians volunteered their time to complete the canal, and members of an armed environmental police force decided to defect from the government to patrol the project.

Minis Derius, a member of the Brigade for the Security of Protected Areas, or B-SAP, carries an assault rifle as he walks along the canal's concrete retention walls.

"The government didn't do anything," he says. "If this was being done by the Haitian state, it probably would have never gotten done."

Construction workers are in finishing the canal project in the border city of Ouanaminthe, Haiti. Once completed, the nearby farming community hopes to benefit from the canal's water, aiding in the cultivation and yield of their crops. Octavio Jones for NPR hide caption

Construction workers are in finishing the canal project in the border city of Ouanaminthe, Haiti. Once completed, the nearby farming community hopes to benefit from the canal's water, aiding in the cultivation and yield of their crops.

The canal near completion in the border city of Ouanaminthe, Haiti, where construction workers are diligently working to finish the project. Once completed, the nearby farming community will benefit from the canal's water, aiding in the cultivation and yield of their crops. Octavio Jones for NPR hide caption

The canal near completion in the border city of Ouanaminthe, Haiti, where construction workers are diligently working to finish the project. Once completed, the nearby farming community will benefit from the canal's water, aiding in the cultivation and yield of their crops.

This project has been controversial. The Dominican Republic shut down its border in protest, and then Haiti's de facto prime minister, Ariel Henry, ordered the environmental police force to leave the construction site. Henry fired their leader, but the B-SAP simply ignored him and the construction kept moving forward.

"We will stand with the people," Derius says. "Although we are a part of the state — we're a legal body, a legal force, we come from the government — we cannot abandon the people."

To Derius, this project speaks to two realities in Haiti: first, of a dysfunctional government that can't seem to provide the basics for its people; and second, how the Haitian people always find ways to survive despite their government.

He says that in some ways, Haitians have found hope in projects like the canal.

"It shows that if we put our heads together, we unite, there's a lot we can do," Derius says.

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U.S. Restarts Deportation Flights to Haiti

The Biden administration had paused deportations of Haitian migrants in recent months as their home country was wracked by violence.

By Hamed Aleaziz

Immigration officials sent dozens of Haitians back to their home country on Thursday, according to three government officials, in the first deportation flight conducted by the United States government in months to the country, which has been gripped by widespread violence.

Deportation flights are generally viewed as a way to deter migrants from crossing the southern border without authorization. The United States has been concerned about migration from Haiti after a gang takeover of its capital, Port-au-Prince, this year led to the planned resignation of the prime minister, Ariel Henry.

The deportation flight, the first since January, comes as the Biden administration continues to turn toward tougher measures at the southern border as a way to bring down the number of migrants entering the country without authorization. President Biden has faced intense scrutiny from Republicans about the border, and immigration has become a key issue in the election campaign.

In recent months, however, migrants are crossing the border at lower rates than before.

Still, the deportation flight on Thursday caught many immigrant advocacy groups by surprise. The U.S. government itself advises Americans not to visit Haiti, citing “kidnapping, crime, civil unrest, and poor health care infrastructure,” and has previously told family members of American officials in Haiti to leave.

“This is not only morally wrong and in violation of U.S. and international law, it is simply bad foreign policy,” said Guerline Jozef, the head of the Haitian Bridge Alliance, an advocacy group in San Diego.

The Department of Homeland Security said in a statement that it had “conducted a repatriation flight of around 50 Haitian nationals to Haiti.”

The statement continued: “Individuals are removed only if they were found to not have a legal basis to remain in the United States.”

The United Nations human rights office reported in March that more than 1,500 people had died in gang violence in Haiti so far this year and described the country as being in a “cataclysmic situation.”

The Biden administration granted Haitians who entered the United States before late 2022 temporary protection from deportation because of the ongoing problems in Haiti.

Some congressional Democrats, including Representative Ayanna Pressley of Massachusetts, have pushed the administration to extend those protections to Haitians who have entered the country since 2022 and to maintain its pause on deportation flights to Haiti.

Word that deportations had restarted brought denunciations from other House Democrats. “Given the current dangers and lack of central government, we should not be deporting people to Haiti. Period,” Representative Pramila Jayapal of Washington said on social media.

Adam Isaacson of the Washington Office on Latin America, a human rights organization, said that Haitians were predominantly waiting for appointments at ports of entry to enter the United States through a government app, as the administration has encouraged, instead of crossing the border.

“It’s hard to explain the urgency to deport Haitians,” he said in a text message. “Among nationalities whose citizens have crossed the border irregularly, Haiti has been the number-15 nationality over the past 6 months, way behind China, India, even Turkey.”

Thomas Cartwright, who tracks government deportation flights for Witness at the Border, an advocacy group, said that there had been no commercial flights to the airport in Port-au-Prince recently. Last month, gunfire erupted around that airport.

This week, the State Department said that the airport in the Haitian capital was closed but that “limited” flights into two other airports in the country had started back up.

American officials deported the Haitians on Thursday to one of those airports, in Cap Haitien, a coastal city a few hours’ drive north of the capital. Mr. Cartwright said the United States generally flies deported migrants into the capital, though it conducted some flights into Cap Haitien in 2021.

Hamed Aleaziz covers the Department of Homeland Security and immigration policy. More about Hamed Aleaziz

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US resumes deportation flights to Haiti despite continuing bloodshed

Critics condemn ‘reckless and cruel’ expulsions and say deportees likely to be targeted by armed gangs who control much of country

More than 70 Haitians expelled from the United States have been flown back to Haiti on the first deportation flight since heavily armed gangs launched a bloody insurrection which has paralysed the capital and forced the prime minister from office.

The flight, which landed in the port city of Cap-Haïtien early on Thursday, was described as “inhumane” by human rights activists who warned that deportees would likely be targeted by the criminal factions who control most of the country.

“This is reckless and cruel,” said Nicole Phillips, legal director of the refugee advocacy group the Haitian Bridge Alliance. “These people are being sent back to an impossible situation where there is no work, no healthcare and no schools to send their children to. On top of that, there is also no real Haitian government to consent to the flight, and no one who can keep these people safe.”

Haiti has been in turmoil since President Jovenel Moïse was assassinated in July 2021, but in the past two months the country’s deep, overlapping crises have reached new lows as the gangs have joined forces to unleash an unprecedented wave of brutal violence.

The US airlifted non-essential embassy personnel and other citizens from Haiti late last month, with state department spokesperson Matthew Miller, saying: “The security situation in Haiti remains untenable due to the violence caused by gangs that claim to represent the Haitian people but thrive on violence and misery.”

The acting prime minister, Ariel Henry, has since stepped down and a transitional council has been formed, but conditions remain equally dire with deadly gun skirmishes a daily occurrence, 4 million people regularly going hungry and the public health system on its knees.

Heavily armed gunmen continued to wage terror on the country on Thursday, reportedly shooting dead eight civilians in the Carrefour neighbourhood in the western limits of the capital and taking control of a police station.

The anarchy is expected to deteriorate further as gangs respond to Tuesday’s announcement that members of a transitional council had been appointed to choose Henry’s successor, said Diego Da Rin, a Haiti analyst at the International Crisis Group.

“The gangs have been increasingly occupying, looting or burning down medical facilities, schools, shops and houses,” Da Rin said. “If they continue to blockade the ports and the capital’s airport, the lack of supplies and food could seriously worsen the humanitarian crisis in Port-au-Prince and the rest of the country.”

The US most likely flew migrants to the north of the country as the capital is logistically impossible to reach given the lack of law and order, Phillips said.

While Cap-Haïtien may be far from the violence in Port-au-Prince, most of the deportees are not from the far north of the country, so will have to risk travelling through active conflict zones and gang-controlled checkpoints to get to their homes and families, Phillips said.

Their perceived connections to the US also make them vulnerable targets to gangs who extort, kidnap and torture for financial gain, she added.

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“Once gangs realise that deportation flights are coming into the north of the country, operations will be set up to take advantage of these people … The US is actively putting people in harm’s way.”

US deportations to Haiti have been halted in the past when the country was in crisis, but upcoming elections mean Joe Biden is using Haitians to look tough on migration, Phillips said.

“Once again Haitians are the pawns in this political game – and the consequences will be dire for them,” she said.

Yvette D Clarke, a Democratic congresswoman and the co-chair of the House Haiti Caucus, said the decision to resume deportations was “unacceptable”.

“Haiti is experiencing extreme political instability, rampant violence, and insecurity beyond imagine,” Clarke tweeted. “We should be focusing on finding solutions to prevent suffering without putting people at risk.”

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Another foreign intervention will not solve the crisis in Haiti

The country needs a solution coming from its people.

On March 12, Haiti’s Prime Minister Ariel Henry tendered his resignation amid escalating violence in the country. Ahead of his announcement, the Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM) met behind closed doors to craft a transition plan, which includes the creation of a presidential council and the appointment of an interim prime minister. Meanwhile, the United States backed yet another foreign intervention, promising $100m for a United Nations force to be deployed in Haiti.

In early April, members of the presidential council were named and a political accord on the transition was finalised. That, however, has not reassured Haitians. In fact, there are mounting concerns about the credibility of the council members and their political allegiances, particularly with the Haitian Tèt Kale Party (PHTK), which is embroiled in the current crisis.

Haitians do wonder how those implicated in the turmoil can be entrusted with its resolution and how another intervention encroaching on Haitian sovereignty would not fail miserably as previous interventions did.

The current crisis is of foreign making and it can only be resolved if foreign interference stops and Haitians are allowed to regain control over their country.

Failed solutions

Throughout its history, Haiti has endured a series of external interventions that have eroded its sovereignty and directly led to the current crisis. After the Haitian revolution of 1791, which brought liberation from French rule, France managed to force the Haitian authorities into paying indemnity in exchange for recognising Haiti’s independence in 1825. This massive debt along with its interest had to be paid over 120 years and undermined the economic development of the country for two centuries.

In 1915, the US invaded the country, occupying it until 1934 and laying the foundation for the sustained US policy of violently interfering in Haitian internal affairs and undermining democratisation. In the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s, interventions by the so-called UN “peace missions”, as well as the implementation of structural adjustment policies by institutions such as the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, further eroded Haiti’s sovereignty and deepened its crisis.

The most recent coup supported by Western powers saw the removal of democratically elected President Jean-Bertrand Aristide in 2004. Following his ouster, a UN Security Council resolution created the Core Group, comprising representatives of Brazil, Canada, the European Union, France, Germany, Spain, the United States and the Organization of American States.

Over the past two decades, this group has exerted strong influence over Haiti’s political and economic affairs. It has not only dictated who should run the country, but has also facilitated the incursion of foreign military forces into Haiti and undermined the re-establishment of a national armed force after the army was disbanded in 1995.

In doing so, the group has overseen a deepening political, social and economic crisis in Haiti, which has now led to the disintegration of state power and the takeover by various gangs.

The US, in particular, bears direct responsibility for gang proliferation and empowerment, having done little to tackle the trafficking of US arms into the country.

As a result, today, Haitians struggle not only with poverty and hunger but also with what resembles a “slow genocide”.

Criminal gangs control the capital, Port-au-Prince, and surrounding municipalities, where they dominate over 90 percent of the territory. They operate with brazen impunity, terrorising the population through kidnappings, rapes, murders, and looting.

Between July 2021 and April 2023, 2,845 people, including 84 policemen, were murdered, according to a 2023 report by the Haitian organisation Fondasyon Je Klere (FJKL). Many more have been killed in the past year. Some 360,000 people have been displaced, including more than 50,000 who have fled the capital in recent months.

Violence has led to the closure of businesses, job loss, and economic collapse. Even before the current escalation in violence, some 58 percent of the population was already living below the poverty threshold, suffering from inflation as high as 50 percent. Schools have been shut down, depriving the youth of their right to education; health facilities have also had to close doors, depriving many of access to healthcare.

Haiti is grappling with a hunger crisis as well. According to the World Food Programme, 1.4 million Haitians are on the brink of famine. The ongoing violence has severely disrupted food distribution channels. Additionally, fuel shortages, rising expenses, and exorbitant levies imposed by gangs are driving up market prices.

A major factor in food shortages is also the devastation of rural communities, which have been the backbone of Haiti’s agrarian economy. They have long faced neglect by those in power, receiving little support for their agricultural activities and struggling with limited basic services – whether it is water and electricity or health and education.

The practice of allocating land for free industrial zones and the cultivation of cash crops for export that benefit foreign corporations and Haiti’s Western-backed corrupt political elites has further worsened food shortages.

Land grabs have worsened in recent months, as gangs have started forcibly taking over peasant lands and illegally selling them to interested parties. This has exacerbated the plight of rural communities.

Haitians have thus been plunged into despair, their communities shattered and their hopes wavering in the face of relentless violence.

The way forward

In this context, the new transition plan proposed by CARICOM, seemingly endorsed by the Core Group and involving PHTK stakeholders, is unlikely to resolve the crisis.

Similar past interventions have introduced leadership and policies supposedly aimed at alleviating the crisis in Haiti, only to make it worse. Former Haitian leaders like Gérard Latortue, Michel Martelly, and Ariel Henry – endorsed by the same entities now advocating for a new intervention – have permitted gang violence to flourish; some have even established close ties with these groups.

The Haitian people remember past failures and do not trust Western-backed UN-led interventions, the most recent of which brought a cholera outbreak that claimed the lives of some 10,000 people. Consequently, the Haitian population is likely to reject a new foreign intervention.

Furthermore, civil society, rural communities and grassroots political movements find themselves sidelined in the current transition plan, with just one seat in the presidential council among the nine allocated to them. Thus, they will have almost no voice in constituting the transitional government. This lopsided representation poses a serious threat to the credibility of the interim administration.

In this context, the Grassroots Patriotic Front, a nexus for various Haitian social movements, including our peasant organisations and political parties advocating for genuine change and national sovereignty, is calling for the creation of a National Monitoring Committee, which is to wield control over the executive during the transition. The committee would have wider representation of the political, social and rural sectors and ensure effective action on pressing issues, such as insecurity and economic revitalisation, while laying the groundwork for fair elections within the stipulated two-year timeframe.

In order to tackle violence effectively, law enforcement must undergo improved training, receive sufficient resources, and be subject to accountability, all under the direction of the transitional government and with vigilant oversight from the proposed National Monitoring Committee.

While the national armed forces can play a crucial role in re-establishing national security, extreme measures risk worsening chaos. Therefore, a National Security Plan devised by Haitian experts and implemented by the transitional government, offering diverse strategies to combat organised crime and the illicit trafficking of arms, is essential for ensuring a definitive solution to Haiti’s security challenges.

In parallel, the transition should focus on restoring the institutions of public administration and judiciary, which are vital for achieving social peace. Social movements such as those engaged in the Grassroots Patriotic Front and similar groups should play a key role in this endeavour to ensure standards for transparency and democratic governance are observed. This transition should pave the way for the establishment of a new social contract and a redefined state committed to serving the national interest.

The food shortage crisis can be tackled internally by supporting Haitian farmers and investing in Haitian agriculture. The country has the land and the resources to feed itself. Rather than making the poor dependent on aid, financial resources should go into reviving and protecting rural peasant communities and fostering a range of production activities, including agriculture, agroforestry, livestock breeding, fisheries, and crafts.

Furthermore, food distribution can be ensured by supporting small-scale vendors known as madan sara, who perform a vital role in delivering food to urban centres. Even in these dangerous times, they continue to brave unsafe routes to provide local markets with essential goods.

If the international community wants to see the Haitian crisis resolved, then it can support these local efforts. It can provide assistance in a matter determined by the Haitians themselves – be it through technical support to address rampant insecurity or humanitarian aid to combat starvation in the immediate term. Haiti will also need international solidarity and support in seeking financial reparations for unfairly imposed past indemnities and fending off further attempts to violate its sovereignty.

The plight of the Haitian people cannot be ignored or trivialised. It necessitates immediate and concerted action, but the answer is not another foreign intervention. Western powers ought to honour Haitian sovereignty and endorse local solutions instead of imposing their own preferences. The will of the people who are bearing the brunt of this catastrophe must be upheld.

The views expressed in this article are the authors’ own and do not necessarily reflect Al Jazeera’s editorial stance.