tap water in tours safe to drink

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Food and Drink Considerations When Traveling

Contaminated food or drinks may cause travelers’ diarrhea and other diseases, which can disrupt your travel. Learn how to incorporate safer eating and drinking habits to reduce your chances of getting sick when you travel. Always wash hands with soap and water before eating and before prepping food. If soap and water are not readily available, you can use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol.

Food Considerations When Traveling

Avoid lukewarm food: Cold food should be served cold, and hot food should be served hot. If you’re selecting food from a buffet or salad bar, make sure the hot food is steaming and the cold food is chilled. Germs that cause food poisoning grow quickly when food is in the danger zone, between 40°F and 140°F.

Dry or packaged foods: Most germs require a damp environment to grow, so foods that are dry, such as potato chips, are usually safe. Additionally, food in factory-sealed containers, such as canned tuna or packaged crackers, are usually safe if they were not opened or handled by another person.

Baby formula: If preparing baby formula, make sure to use a safe source of water per the guidance below. See safety guidance for formula preparation and storage .

Raw foods : Avoid eating raw foods. Fruits or vegetables may be safer to eat if you can peel them yourself or wash them in bottled or disinfected water.

Stay away from cut-up fruit or vegetables. They may have been contaminated during preparation.
Avoid eating fresh salads, even if finely cut or shredded. They may be contaminated with human or animal waste that even clean water can’t wash off.
Avoid fresh salsas, condiments, and other sauces made from raw fruits or vegetables.
Avoid eating raw meat or seafood, including items “cooked” with citrus juice, vinegar, or other acidic liquid (such as ceviche).

Street food : Avoid eating food from street vendors. If you choose to eat street food, follow the same food safety rules as you would with other foods. For example, avoid raw vegetables and eat food cooked and steaming hot.

Bushmeat : Avoid eating bushmeat. Bushmeat refers to local wild game, generally animals not typically eaten in the United States, such as bats, monkeys, or rodents. Bushmeat can be a source of animal-to-human spread of diseases, such as Ebola.

Drink Considerations When Traveling

Tap water: Do not drink the tap water in countries where the tap water might be contaminated. Avoid swallowing water when showering. Brush your teeth with bottled or disinfected water. Tap water can be disinfected by boiling, filtering, or chemically treating it.

When visiting places with unknown water quality, treat your water to make sure it is safe to drink .

Ice : Do not use ice in destinations with limited access to clean water or where there is a concern about contaminated drinking water because it was likely made with tap water.

Bottled or canned drinks : Drinks from unopened, factory-sealed bottles or cans are safer than tap water; however, use caution as vendors in some countries may replace bottled water with untreated water. Sometimes, a drop of glue can be used to mimic the factory seal. Carbonated drinks in bottles or cans, such as sodas or sparkling water, are typically safe because the bubbles indicate that the bottle was sealed at the factory and not tampered with. Avoid drinks that have ice.

Hot drinks : Hot coffee or tea should be safe if it is served steaming hot. It’s okay to let it cool before you drink. Do not drink coffee or tea that is served warm or at room temperature. Be careful about adding things that may be contaminated to your hot drinks, such as cream or lemon. Sugar is usually okay to eat because it is a dry food.

Milk : Pasteurized milk from a sealed bottle is usually safe to drink. Do not drink milk stored in open containers, such as pitchers, that may have been sitting at room temperature; this includes cream for coffee or tea. Unpasteurized foods carry risks for all travelers; however, it is especially important for pregnant women or people who have a weakened immune system to avoid unpasteurized milk, cheese, and yogurt.

Alcohol : The alcohol content of most liquors kills germs that may have been present in alcohol. When choosing mixers, such as fruit juices, follow the recommendations about what types of food and drink are least likely to have germs. Avoid drinks that have ice.

Fountain drinks : Sodas from a fountain, such as ones in restaurants, are made by carbonating water and mixing it with flavored syrup. Since the water most likely came from the restaurant’s tap, do not drink fountain drinks.

Freshly squeezed juice : Avoid fruit juice, and food and drinks made with freshly squeezed juice made by others. It is fine to drink fruit juice or eat ice pops and other treats if you washed/peeled the fruit in bottled or treated water and squeezed the juice yourself.

More Information

CDC Yellow Book: Food and Water Precautions
Food Safety
Avoid Contaminated Water
WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (JMP)
U.S. Government Global Water Strategy
U.S. Department of State Country Information Pages

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Best & Worst Tap Water in the US: State-by-State Analysis

Clean tap water is essential to our lives – we cook, drink, wash our dishes and shower with it. Still, despite government regulations, there are some parts of the United States where tap water isn’t clean or healthy for human consumption.

To give you an overview of tap water quality across the US, in this article, we’ll discuss:

States with the cleanest tap water
States with the worst tap water quality
How tap water quality is measured
Most common tap water contaminants in the US
What to do if you have bad tap water

Who Monitors Water Quality in the US?

The Environmental Protection Agency monitors water quality in the United States. Water quality, especially for tap and drinking water, is protected under the Safe Drinking Water Act. This act regulates what constitutes safe and contaminant-free water across the United States.

The SDWA was created in 1974 and amended in 1986, and then again in 1996. Since then, the EPA has monitored all water sources in the United States to ensure their safety from both artificial and natural contaminants. In addition, the EPA works with other governmental agencies, including the FDA , to spread information and educate citizens and entities on clean water best practices.

How Tap Water is Determined Clean/Safe to Drink

Tap water for each state in the US is measured via a point system. The EPA uses a graded approach to rate each state based on how many water code violations have occurred per 1,000 people. Each public water system is required to report its water quality and how many violations have occurred each year.

Public water systems run tests on their water tanks, filtration systems, and pipelines yearly. They measure the results of these tests against the national standard, and points are deducted for each Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) violation.

A violation involves at least one of the 90 possible contaminants under the SDWA. While some contaminants are more dangerous than others, none of the 90 should be in the water system. A public water system with multiple contaminants might be shut down.

With this system in place, the EPA can determine how healthy the water is in each state. If water is extremely unhealthy, the federal government may provide the community with federal aid.

States With the Best Tap Water in the US

Here are the top 10 states with the best tap water in the US:

Massachusetts

South dakota, new hampshire, rhode island.

Even though several government agencies regulate tap water across the country, some states have it better than others due to natural resources or other factors, such as clean, leak-free pipes and better filtration treatment for contaminants.

The states mentioned below have the best tap water in the United States due to their natural environment and government care. Although the EPA monitors tap water, it’s primarily up to state governments to treat and maintain their water sources before distributing water to residential homes.

Oregon’s tap water is clean and safe to drink thanks to the abundance of natural water sources. The state gets most of its tap water from the Bull Run Watershed , which has been tested and proven to be one of the least contaminated natural watersheds in the United States.

Additionally, Oregon has minimal pollution, especially in the north, where the watershed begins. The state is environmentally conscious and keeps artificial pollutants out of the water.

Massachusetts does not have the advantage of a pollutant-free watershed. Unlike Oregon, the state has relied mainly on governmental efforts to ensure that its water remains clean and safe for its citizens. But these efforts have paid off, as Massachusetts is on this list thanks to the state government’s diligence in rigorously treating the water supply before distributing it to homes.

The set of standards enforced by the EPA is already strict, but the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection regulations are even stricter. In this state, citizens are notified immediately of any contaminants present in their tap water, and the problem is usually fixed within days. The high standards of Massachusetts authorities sets an example for other states to emulate.

Although it’s not overpopulated, South Dakota consistently meets EPA’s water quality requirements . 95% or more of the population drinks water that passes all EPA standards for clean and accessible water. In addition, the state has been awarded the Secretary’s Award for Drinking Water Excellence for 18 years straight.

Minnesota is another northern state with ample access to natural water sources. Because of this, the state’s water is naturally cleaner than most states. However, Minnesota isn’t one of the purest water states in the nation simply because of its connection to rich natural resources. A lot of it has to do with the state government’s assistance to water suppliers via the The Minnesota Department of Health.

Saint Paul and Minneapolis , the Twin Cities of Minnesota, have some of the cleanest tap water in the US.

New Hampshire is another state that goes above and beyond the EPA’s requirements for clean water. The drinking water in New Hampshire is cleaner than most states, not thanks to natural resources but to the fantastic filtration process and the state’s environmental protection acts.

In addition to banning common contaminants, the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services limits PFAS compounds and harmful chemicals that can leak off of non-stick cookware and plastics. In banning these, New Hampshire has significantly improved its water quality beyond that of the average US state.

Known as the Wheat State , almost 90% of Kansas is farmland; and being one of the nation’s largest agricultural producers makes it crucial for the state to have clean water.

Fortunately, water for the residents is immaculate , thanks to the state’s stringent laws that covers a wide array of practices, from water disinfection and filtration treatments to the use of herbicides and pesticides on agricultural grounds near public water sources. There are serious financial repercussions and civil penalties for both water suppliers and citizens that contaminate the public water supply.

Missouri’s government has enforced state regulations on top of EPA’s mandatory water regulations. Missouri’s state regulations stipulate that public water officials must report on the level of cleanliness of their state’s drinking water more often and comprehensively than what EPA requires.

These strict laws have resulted in some of the cleanest water in the United States and worldwide. Missouri’s tap water is not only clean, but it also tastes better than average. For several years, the town of Independence, Missouri, has been named one of the best-tasting tap water locations in the world.

Rhode Island is the smallest state in America but has multiple natural water resources, so it boasts some of the cleanest water in the nation .

To maintain this reputation, Rhode Island has stringent water pollution laws, including laws on the prevention of wastewater discharges and water pollution and water monitoring. Because 80% of the state’s freshwater comes from groundwater, they are extra careful about pollution.

The Environmental Protection Agency requires at least 95% of homes to have access to clean water. Vermont has always met this requirement with ease, as upwards of 97% of Vermont’s homes have safe and clean access to water. Most of the population gets water from the public water system.

Public water systems in Vermont are some of the cleanest in the nation, with more routine monitoring than in many other states. The success of the public water system is due to legislative that pertains to crucial aspects of public water quality like groundwater protection, and it is facilitated by the quality of the natural water supply.

Hawaii is a fantastic place to live in the United States, not just because of the warm weather and island life but also because of the air and water quality. Hawaii ranks first in water cleanliness and second in air cleanliness.

Much of Hawaii’s tap water comes from freshwater streams in the volcanic regions of the islands. The state relies on these streams as it’s otherwise surrounded by saltwater. As a result, the island state’s environment is fragile.

Fortunately, the environment is protected by strict laws and regulations which have proven effective, as the latest reports show that there are no contaminants found in Hawaii’s water.

States With the Worst Tap Water in the US

While many states enjoy clean and healthy tap water, others struggle to comply with EPA standards. With over 90 contaminants to watch out for, leaky pipes, and chemical or oil spills, these states have failed to meet the guidelines put forward by the Safe Drinking Water Act.

Here are the top 10 states with the worst tap water in the US:

Pennsylvania

If you live in one of these states, it doesn’t necessarily mean that your drinking water is unhealthy. However, you should check your local government site and the EPA’s website to find if you need to treat your tap water before drinking.

New Jersey is home to many of America’s factories and industrial complexes. As a result, there are alarming levels of BPA (bisphenol A, a type of plastic that can affect brain health ) and PFC ( perfluorochemicals that can affect growth and development) in the land’s habitat and water supply .

In addition, New Jersey doesn’t have many natural water sources. Combined, the high BPA and PFC levels from industrial complexes and the lack of natural water sources makes the water in New Jersey substandard and less clean than in other states.

For several years, the public water systems in New Jersey have been in violation of many of EPA’s drinking water codes. In Newark, many residents rely on bottled water or store-bought reverse osmosis filtered water . Yet, the state is currently working on legislation for cleaner water.

The waterways (rivers and streams) of Georgia are home to toxic discharge from factories, and they’re among the worst in the US. This is mainly due to improper toxic waste practices , which have resulted in high levels of several dangerous chemicals in the public water system, well above the legal limits.

Radium and TTHMs are some of the chemicals present in Georgia’s water. Both of these chemicals have been associated with different cancer types. As a result, Georgia’s water is marked unsafe in many parts of the state. If you live in Georgia, check with your local authorities to see how clean and safe the tap water in your area is.

Arizona is a desert state, so it doesn’t have a lot of natural water. To make things worse, its imported water and scarce natural water sources are polluted.

Arizona’s water is high in chromium-6 , which is a known carcinogen. This is particularly concerning because the water filtration system in some Arizona cities is not adequately set up to decontaminate the water.

If you live in or are visiting Arizona, check with your local municipality to learn more about your water quality and how to protect yourself.

Ohio is another state that has a lot of agriculture and industrial complexes. Although there are natural water resources, the pollution from former mining towns and industrial complexes has made Ohio one of the most polluted states in the nation, which inevitably affects the quality of tap water.

Towns and cities in Ohio have suffered from lead exposure, carcinogens, and coal pollutants. This is because the filtration system fails to remove all the contaminants from drinking water sources, and many of Ohio’s public water systems are in violation of the EPA’s codes.

In addition, newly emerging (meaning that they’re still not regulated by the EPA) chemical compounds like PFAS are amply present in more than 100 water systems in Ohio. Considering that PFAS are associated with an increased risk of cancer, this is a very serious concern.

Like many other US states, Florida relies on groundwater sources for tap water. Yet, with each passing day, the groundwater sources in Florida are getting more and more contaminated due to population growth and unregulated agricultural and industrial waste disposal practices.

Hence, tap water has alarming levels of a variety of contaminants , from heavy metals like hexavalent chromium to newly emerging chemical compounds like PFAS.

Additionally, in the wake of several devastating hurricanes, there were two different algae outbreaks in Florida in 2017 and 2018. Also known as the Red Tide epidemic, the outbreak of red algae affected and still continues to affect saltwater, while the blue-green algae affect ponds and streams.

Like Florida, Texas has had issues with red tide and algae outbreaks. However, since the state is very big, not all areas are affected by gulf waters.

Additionally, Inland Texan communities have some of the most irradiated and polluted water in the country.

Rural communities suffer the most in Texas and lack support from the state government because of their small populations. As a result, hundreds of public water systems are in violation of the EPA’s standards, some severely so. Lead, arsenic, asbestos, and radium are the most concerning contaminants commonly found in Texas water.

The 2014 Flint Water Crisis made the news when several residents of Flint, Michigan, died of lead poisoning from drinking contaminated tap water, so Michigan is pretty infamous when it comes to its water quality.

The state has made efforts to improve the quality of tap water since the Flint Water Crisis first made headlines, but it still struggles with high levels of lead and carcinogens in its water. The state overall has a good water-quality score, but eastern Michigan (near Flint and Detroit) consistently score lower. Western and Northern Michigan have relatively clean water, thanks to the Great Lakes.

Like Texas and other large states, California’s poor water quality primarily affects its lower-income, more rural areas. Many farmlands and other rural areas suffer from a low-quality water supply that exposes most of the state’s population to dangerous contaminants like arsenic and nitrates .

California’s cities have their own standards and laws for water quality, separate from the state standard. As a result, cities can meet certain standards, but rural and country communities remain the most affected by the low water quality.

However, the state government of California has been actively trying to rectify the situation. Although it may take years, California is on the right track when it comes to clean and healthy water.

Pennsylvania is one of the industrial capitals of the United States. While this is good for the economy, industrial practices are one of the most common culprits behind contaminated drinking water simply because of their use of chemicals with a high contaminance risk.

Unfortunately, this also affects the drinking water in Pennsylvania and makes it difficult for many cities in the state to get access to clean drinking water. Levels of heavy metals like arsenic, radium, and barium exceed legal standards .

In addition, unregulated coal mining decreases the water quality in Pennsylvania even further. Without governmental regulations in place to protect the environment, coal continues to contaminate local water sources. Although this practice is no longer central to Pennsylvania’s economy, its effects are still seen in the state’s waterways and tap water.

While Washington has plenty of natural resources for fresh water, it fails to provide quality drinking water to many of its residents. Even in the state’s most eco-conscious large cities like Seattle, the arsenic and radium presence in drinking water exceeds EPA standards.

The case is even worse in rural communities, which makes up 20% of the state’s population. Rural Washington has some of the most toxic water in the country. The regulations implemented by the state fall short when it comes to protecting the rural groundwater sources from contamination by herbicides and pesticides .

Washington has received failing grades from the EPA for not adequately testing for lead , failing to filter water, and not providing clean water to multiple communities that are facing a clean water deficit, partly because of environmental changes and a number of natural water resources in the state drying up.

Water Report for Other Popular Cities/States

We have separate water report articles for some popular cities in the US you can check out if you want to learn more:

The 5 Most Common US Tap Water Contaminants

Of course, not all 90 SDWA contaminants are common. Some are very rare, while others occur naturally and have to be filtered out. Here are the top five most common water contaminants and why they are dangerous:

The most common contaminant in water supplies is lead. In small amounts, lead isn’t dangerous. However, too much lead can lead to lead poisoning , which can occur months or even years after exposure.

Lead enters water supplies in cities or areas with old pipes. The chemical is able to seep into the water if the lines were made of lead. You should replace older pipes with a different type of metal to prevent lead poisoning or choose to remove it with lead water removal methods .

While mercury may occur naturally, most of the mercury found in water (especially household drinking water) is due to different types of runoff : industrial, commercial, medical, residential, and sewage discharge.

Small amounts of mercury is harmless, but mercury poisoning can occur when too much mercury is ingested, breathed in, or touched, leading to kidney failure and other dangerous issues.

3. Chlorine

When people think of chlorination, they often associate it with swimming pools. However, much of our drinking water is chlorinated to keep it safe and free from contaminants. A safe amount of chlorine is frequently added to a city’s tap water as a disinfectant to protect against waterborne disease.

However, if you are sensitive to chlorine, you can remove it from water using a water filter or other chlorine removal methods .

4. Pesticides/Herbicides

Pesticides and herbicides are often used in the farming industry. They kill off pests to prevent them from destroying crops. However, herbicides and pesticides sometimes run off the crops and into the surface water of the surrounding area.

If these toxins are in drinking water, they may cause health issues, depending on the strength of the chemicals used and the level of concentration.

5. Volatile Organic Compounds

Volatile Organic Compounds , or VOCs, are mostly man-made compounds that evaporate quickly. These are found in many products, from paint to chloroform, but they are challenging to monitor in the water supply.

VOCs are some of the most dangerous compounds in water and are strictly regulated by the EPA. The most common VOC is actually chloroform. This chemical can be present in drinking water that has been chlorinated, if the chlorine has interacted with organic matter in the water itself.

What To Do if You Have Bad Tap Water

If you’re worried about your tap water or see your state listed above, there are several steps you can take to ensure you family’s safety. First, you should contact your local public water supplier and ask for a copy of their latest report. Water quality reports are public record and available to everyone.

You can also run a tap water test at home. Water test kits are available online and can measure the presence of certain chemicals in your tap water. If you decide to run your own tap water test, make sure you buy two and test them a few days apart for the best accuracy.

If water is terrible in your area, it might take a while for the government to address the issue. Therefore, having portable water purification devices such as a reverse osmosis water filter or point-of-entry water filtration systems for home use can significantly improve your water quality.

While the EPA monitors the status of water safety in each region, you may still be drinking contaminated water. If your municipality hasn’t met the water standards set by the EPA, they will have to notify you in their annual Consumer Confidence Report . Bottled water might be your best option in this case.

It can be enlightening to learn which states make the top and bottom of the list when it comes to tap water quality in the US, as they are not always obvious. After all, states like Washington is known for its lush wildlife and ample water resources, yet the water quality is low. In contrast, Hawaii is entirely surrounded by seawater and has one of the safest water supplies all across the US.

However, no matter where you live, you need to be aware of what’s in your tap water . You may live in a city or municipality that doesn’t have rigorous standards like the rest of your state.

In such cases, if you’re worried about things like VOCs, pesticide runoff, or lead, there are steps you can take to protect yourself and your home. Update your pipes, or consider getting a quality water filter to remove the contaminants.

For the most part, the EPA does a fantastic job when it comes to setting standards to keep our drinking water safe. Contact your local water supplier today to learn more about your tap water.

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Can You Drink the Water in Punta Cana Resorts? A Comprehensive Guide

Are you planning a trip to Punta Cana? Learn why it's important not to drink tap water in Punta Cana resorts and what other options are available for staying hydrated and healthy during your vacation.

Can You Drink the Water in Punta Cana Resorts? A Comprehensive Guide

Are you planning a trip to the Dominican Republic and wondering if it's safe to drink the water in Punta Cana resorts? The answer is no, it is not safe to drink tap water in the Dominican Republic. However, there are plenty of other options available to ensure that you stay hydrated and healthy during your vacation. In this article, we'll discuss why it's important to avoid drinking tap water, what other options are available, and how to stay safe while traveling in Punta Cana. The most important thing to remember when traveling to Punta Cana is to avoid drinking tap water. Tap water in the Dominican Republic is not purified and can contain harmful bacteria and other contaminants.

It's best to stick with bottled water or other ice-free beverages when traveling around Punta Cana. Hotels and restaurants use purified water for cooking and making ice for their ice machines, so you can be sure that your food and drinks are safe. People with sensitive stomachs should also be careful when brushing their teeth. It's best to use bottled water for this purpose as well. This is because you're traveling to a different ecological environment than the one your body is used to ingesting, and the microbes found in the water can affect some people very adversely. It's also important to be aware of your consumption of pineapple and coconut beverages.

These can act as natural laxatives for your system, so it's best to keep track of how much you're drinking. If you're traveling outside the resort on your own, it's best to stick with bottled water and ice-free beverages. It's also a good idea to bring along some anti-diarrheal medication just in case. Be sure to drink at least 10 glasses or about 2 liters of water a day to avoid dehydration. A great resource to include in your travel gear is a water purifying filter bottle. This can serve as a trusted companion for drinking water while outdoors and brushing your teeth. It's also important to be aware of the health risks associated with traveling in Punta Cana.

The most relevant vaccine for Punta Cana is the hepatitis A vaccine, which protects against a liver disease that is usually transmitted through contaminated food or water. Malaria is also a risk in some parts of the Dominican Republic, so it's important to take precautions if you plan on traveling outside the hotel zone. Finally, it's important to remember that Punta Cana isn't as cheap as some other parts of the Dominican Republic. However, all-inclusive tour packages are still among the cheapest in the Caribbean. Having a car also allows for more affordable exploration of popular tourist areas like La Romana , Bávaro, Punta Cana, and Cap Cana .In conclusion, it's not safe to drink tap water in Punta Cana resorts.

However, there are plenty of other options available such as bottled water or ice-free beverages. Be sure to take precautions when traveling outside the hotel zone and always bring along anti-diarrheal medication just in case. Finally, remember that all-inclusive tour packages are still among the cheapest in the Caribbean.

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Drinking Water Safety in Punta Cana: What Travelers Should Know

When visiting Punta Cana, the beautiful coastal resort town in the Dominican Republic, it is crucial to prioritize your health and safety. One important aspect to consider is the safety of the drinking water in Punta Cana. To ensure you have a pleasant and worry-free experience during your trip, it is essential to know the facts about drinking water in this popular destination.

Key Takeaways:

Drinking tap water in Punta Cana can increase the risk of waterborne diseases.
The Centers for Disease Control recommends drinking purified or bottled water.
Cholera is commonly reported in the Dominican Republic due to tap water consumption.
Be cautious and take necessary precautions to avoid drinking unsafe water in Punta Cana.
Your health and well-being should be a top priority during your visit.

Can You Brush Your Teeth with Tap Water in Punta Cana?

It is not recommended to brush your teeth with tap water in Punta Cana. The tap water in the Dominican Republic may contain harmful bacteria and parasites that can pose health risks. To ensure the safety of your oral hygiene routine, it is suggested to use purified or boiled water for brushing your teeth.

Some hotels in Punta Cana provide access to purified water, which can be used for brushing teeth. Alternatively, you can use bottled or filtered water as a safer option. Water purifier filter bottles are also available and can serve as a reminder to avoid using tap water for oral hygiene.

Taking these precautions will help minimize the risk of ingesting harmful bacteria or parasites that may be present in tap water. By using purified water or bottled water for brushing your teeth, you can maintain good oral hygiene during your stay in Punta Cana without compromising your health.

Is it Safe to Shower in Punta Cana?

While Punta Cana is generally safe for showering, it is important to take precautions to protect your health. Even a few drops of contaminated water can pose a risk. To ensure safe showering in Punta Cana, we recommend following these guidelines:

Keep your mouth closed: To avoid accidentally swallowing potentially harmful water, make a conscious effort to keep your mouth closed while showering.
Avoid singing or talking: Singing or talking in the shower can lead to inadvertently swallowing water. Play it safe and save your singing for outside the shower.
Be mindful of the water source: When showering outside of resorts, such as in bars or restaurants, be cautious about the source of the water. Some establishments may use unfiltered tap water for making ice, which could also be used for showering.

By following these simple guidelines, you can minimize the risk of illness while enjoying your shower in Punta Cana.

For more information on staying safe and healthy in Punta Cana, continue reading our article or refer to the specific sections of interest:

Drinking Water Safety
Brushing Your Teeth
Ice in Drinks
Eating Leafy Greens, Fruits, and Veggies
Safe Drinking Options
Hydration and Stay Healthy
Additional Health Considerations
Medical Care and Hospitals
Personal Safety and Emergency Services

Note: The information provided in this article is based on research and general recommendations. It is always advisable to consult with a healthcare professional or your travel advisor for personalized advice and the most up-to-date information.

Can You Have Ice in Drinks in Punta Cana?

The use of ice in drinks in Punta Cana is a matter of caution. While many resorts in the area use purified water to make their ice cubes, ensuring a safe consumption experience, it’s important to be aware that bars and restaurants outside of resorts may use unfiltered tap water to make their ice.

If you’re concerned about the safety of the ice in your drinks, it’s recommended to ask the establishment about the source of their ice before consuming it. By doing so, you can make an informed decision about whether or not to include ice in your beverages.

If you have any doubts or uncertainties about the quality of the ice, it’s generally safer to err on the side of caution and avoid having ice in your drinks. This will help minimize the potential risk of consuming ice made from unfiltered tap water and potential health issues that may arise as a result.

When it comes to your health and well-being, it’s always better to prioritize safety. By being mindful of the source of the ice in your drinks, you can enjoy your time in Punta Cana without compromising your health.

Remember, when it comes to your health and safety, it’s important to make informed choices. By asking about the source of the ice in your drinks, you can ensure a worry-free experience in Punta Cana.

Tips for Eating Leafy Greens, Fruits, and Veggies in Punta Cana

When it comes to food safety in Punta Cana, it’s important to pay special attention to fresh fruits and vegetables. These wholesome goodies have the potential to be contaminated if they’ve been rinsed with unfiltered water. Leafy greens, fruits, and veggies are particularly susceptible to harmful bacteria if exposed to tap water in Punta Cana.

To minimize the risk of consuming contaminated produce, consider the following tips:

Use a fruit and vegetable wash or a germ solution: If available, these cleaning products can help eliminate any residual bacteria on fresh produce.
Boil, cook, or peel: Taking these extra precautions can significantly reduce the risk of ingesting harmful bacteria. Heat treatment through boiling or cooking can help eliminate pathogens, while peeling fruits and veggies removes the outer layer where contamination is most likely to occur.
Opt for peelable fruits and veggies: Bananas and avocados are excellent options as they have a peel that protects the edible portion from potential contaminants.

By following these tips, you can enjoy the flavors and benefits of leafy greens, fruits, and veggies without compromising your food safety in Punta Cana. Stay healthy and savor the delicious local produce!

Safe Drinking Options in Punta Cana

When visiting Punta Cana, it is essential to prioritize your health by choosing safe drinking options. By following these recommendations, you can enjoy your vacation while staying hydrated and avoiding any water-related illnesses.

Drink purified, filtered, or boiled water to ensure its safety and prevent any potential contamination.
Consider using a water purifier filter bottle, which effectively eliminates up to 99.999% of contaminants in unfamiliar water sources.
Opt for carbonated drinks, which typically undergo a purification process, ensuring their safety for consumption.
Always select bottled water with sealed tops, which guarantees that it hasn’t been tampered with or exposed to potential contaminants.
When it comes to beverages, choose concentrated options mixed using treated water or hot tea and coffee served at boiling temperatures.
Exercise caution when consuming mixed juices or alcoholic beverages, as the water used as a base may not always be filtered or purified.

By practicing these safe drinking options, you can enjoy your time in Punta Cana without compromising your health.

Remember, staying hydrated is essential, especially in a tropical climate like Punta Cana, but it’s equally important to prioritize your health and choose safe drinking options.

Hydration and Stay Healthy in Punta Cana

When visiting Punta Cana, it is crucial to prioritize staying hydrated and taking care of your health. The hot and humid climate in Punta Cana can increase the risk of dehydration, which can lead to fatigue, dizziness, and other uncomfortable symptoms. To ensure you stay hydrated and avoid dehydration, follow these tips:

1. Drink Plenty of Water

Drinking an adequate amount of water is essential to maintaining hydration. Aim to drink at least 10 glasses or about 2 liters of water per day. Carry a refillable water bottle with you to conveniently access water throughout the day.

2. Opt for Electrolyte Fluids

In addition to water, electrolyte fluids can be beneficial in replenishing essential minerals and electrolytes lost through sweating. Consider drinking sports drinks or coconut water, which contain electrolytes that help maintain hydration levels.

3. Use Rehydration Salts

In case you experience severe dehydration or symptoms such as vomiting or diarrhea, rehydration salts can help replenish lost fluids and electrolytes. These salts are easily available at local pharmacies and can help restore your body’s hydration balance.

4. Listen to Your Body

Pay attention to your body’s signals and drink water whenever you feel thirsty. It is important not to ignore thirst as it is an indication that your body needs hydration.

5. Avoid Excessive Alcohol Consumption

While it may be tempting to indulge in tropical cocktails and alcoholic beverages during your stay in Punta Cana, excessive alcohol consumption can contribute to dehydration. If you choose to drink alcohol, make sure to alternate with water to stay hydrated.

6. Eat Hydrating Fruits and Vegetables

Include hydrating fruits and vegetables in your diet to boost your overall hydration. Options such as watermelon, cucumber, oranges, and strawberries are high in water content and can help supplement your fluid intake.

«Drinking an adequate amount of water and maintaining hydration is vital when visiting Punta Cana to avoid dehydration and ensure a pleasant and healthy trip.»

7. Stay Away from Dehydrating Beverages

Avoid sugary, caffeinated, and carbonated drinks, as they can contribute to dehydration. These beverages have diuretic properties, which increase urine production and can lead to fluid loss.

8. Take Breaks in Shaded Areas

When spending time outdoors, especially under the Punta Cana sun, make sure to take breaks in shaded areas to avoid excessive sweating and dehydration. Plan your activities accordingly to allow for rest and hydration breaks.

9. Wear Light and Breathable Clothing

Choose lightweight and breathable clothing options to help regulate your body temperature and prevent excessive sweating. Loose-fitting and light-colored clothing can help keep you cool and reduce the risk of dehydration.

10. Avoid Strenuous Activities During Peak Heat Hours

Engaging in strenuous activities, such as hiking or intense exercise, during the hottest hours of the day can increase the risk of dehydration. Opt for early morning or late afternoon activities when the temperature is cooler.

11. Be Prepared for Outdoor Activities

If you plan to engage in outdoor activities, such as snorkeling, swimming, or exploring nature, make sure to bring water bottles or hydration packs with you. Staying prepared will ensure you have enough water to stay hydrated throughout your adventure.

By following these tips and staying mindful of your hydration, you can enjoy a healthy and enjoyable trip to Punta Cana without the risk of dehydration.

Additional Health Considerations in Punta Cana

In addition to drinking safe water and practicing good hygiene, it is important to consider other health aspects in Punta Cana. Here are some key points to keep in mind:

1. Protect against mosquito bites

When traveling to Punta Cana, it is highly recommended to apply insect repellent to protect yourself against mosquito bites. Mosquitoes can transmit diseases such as Zika virus, dengue fever, and chikungunya. Use mosquito repellents containing DEET, wear long sleeves and pants, and stay indoors during peak mosquito activity times.

2. Stay up to date on vaccinations

Before visiting Punta Cana, ensure that your vaccinations are up to date. Common vaccines recommended for travelers to the Dominican Republic include Hepatitis A, Typhoid, Hepatitis B, Rabies, Tetanus-diphtheria, and Polio. Visit a travel health clinic or consult with your healthcare provider to determine which vaccinations are necessary for your trip.

3. Have travel insurance and access to medical care

It is advisable to have travel insurance that covers any medical emergencies or unexpected health issues while in Punta Cana. Carry a copy of your insurance information and know how to access medical care in case of an emergency. Research and identify nearby hospitals or clinics that provide quality medical services to tourists.

By taking these additional health considerations into account, you can further ensure a safe and healthy experience while traveling in Punta Cana. Remember to prioritize your well-being and enjoy your trip to the fullest!

Medical Care and Hospitals in Punta Cana

Punta Cana is dedicated to ensuring the well-being and safety of tourists, providing access to quality medical care and emergency services. The area is equipped with private hospitals that boast modern facilities and highly qualified medical professionals.

Hospitals such as Hospital IMG, Hospiten Bavaro, and Centro Medico Punta Cana are renowned for their excellent standards of care and offer 24-hour emergency services. These hospitals prioritize the health and safety of patients, providing comprehensive medical assistance for various conditions and emergencies.

Before embarking on your trip to Punta Cana, it is crucial to have medical insurance that covers international travel. Contact your insurance provider to ensure that you have adequate coverage for any unforeseen medical issues that may arise. Having the necessary insurance will give you peace of mind and alleviate any financial burden in the event of an emergency.

Additionally, it is advisable to have an emergency plan in place and share your travel plans with a trusted contact. This ensures that someone is aware of your whereabouts and can provide necessary assistance or guidance if needed. Being proactive and prepared will help you navigate any medical issues with ease and confidence.

Medical Facilities in Punta Cana

To further enhance your understanding of the medical care available in Punta Cana, the following table provides an overview of the key hospitals in the area:

These hospitals are committed to providing exceptional medical care and are well-equipped to handle a wide range of medical conditions and emergencies. Their convenient locations and dedicated staff ensure that you can access timely and reliable healthcare services when needed.

In the next section, we will discuss personal safety tips and the availability of emergency services in Punta Cana, contributing to a safe and worry-free travel experience.

Personal Safety and Emergency Services in Punta Cana

Water Safety Problem in Punta Cana - Question #1 from Tourists in the Dominican Republic

Punta Cana, an idyllic vacation destination in the Caribbean, is known for its safety and security. However, it is always wise to take certain precautions to ensure your personal safety during your stay. By following some common-sense practices, you can enjoy a worry-free trip.

Here are some tips to help you stay safe:

Avoid walking alone in isolated areas, especially at night. Stick to well-lit and populated areas to minimize any potential risks.
Be cautious with your valuables. Keep your belongings secure and avoid displaying expensive jewelry or large amounts of cash.
Utilize the hotel safe to store your valuables when you’re not using them. Additionally, it’s recommended to carry a photocopy of your ID and passport while exploring the city.
In case of an emergency, the tourist police, known as Politur, provides reliable emergency services and assistance to tourists in Punta Cana. They can assist with any unforeseen situations and help ensure your safety.
It is always a good idea to have a list of emergency contacts with you, including the local authorities and your embassy or consulate. Keep this information handy in case you need to reach out for assistance.

Remember, staying aware of your surroundings and taking necessary precautions are key to a safe and enjoyable stay in Punta Cana.

When visiting Punta Cana, staying safe and maintaining good health is paramount. While the tap water in Punta Cana is not safe to drink, there are several precautions you can take to ensure your well-being.

First and foremost, it is crucial to drink purified or bottled water with sealed tops to avoid consuming contaminated water. This will greatly reduce the risk of waterborne diseases and parasitic-borne illnesses during your stay. Additionally, it is important to avoid using tap water for brushing your teeth. Opt for purified or boiled water instead to minimize any potential health risks.

Furthermore, exercise caution when it comes to ice and food. While many resorts use purified water to make ice cubes, bars and restaurants outside of resorts may not follow the same standard. It is advisable to inquire about the source of the ice before consuming it. When it comes to fruits and vegetables, be wary of those that may have been rinsed with unfiltered water. Using a fruit and vegetable wash or opting for peelable produce can significantly reduce the risk of consuming contaminated items.

In addition to these precautions, staying hydrated is crucial in Punta Cana’s tropical climate. Drink at least 10 glasses or approximately 2 liters of purified water per day to keep your body well-hydrated and maintain good health. Applying insect repellent to protect against mosquito bites and following good hygiene practices are also essential.

In the event of any health concerns, it is reassuring to know that Punta Cana has good medical care facilities. Private hospitals such as Hospital IMG, Hospiten Bavaro, and Centro Medico Punta Cana provide 24-hour emergency care for tourists. It is wise to have travel insurance and familiarize yourself with your insurance provider’s policies before traveling. Additionally, create an emergency plan and share your travel plans with a trusted contact for added peace of mind.

By being mindful of personal safety measures, utilizing emergency services when necessary, and following these guidelines, you can have a safe and memorable trip to Punta Cana. Enjoy the beautiful beaches, vibrant culture, and warm hospitality while keeping your health and well-being a top priority.

Can you drink the water in Punta Cana?

The Centers for Disease Control recommends that travelers to Punta Cana only drink purified or bottled water with sealed tops. Drinking tap water in the Dominican Republic can increase the chances of contracting waterborne diseases and parasitic-borne illnesses.

Can you brush your teeth with tap water in Punta Cana?

It is not recommended to use tap water for brushing your teeth in Punta Cana. The water in the Dominican Republic may contain harmful bacteria and parasites that can lead to health issues. It is suggested to use purified water or boiled water for brushing your teeth.

Is it safe to shower in Punta Cana?

While it is generally safe to shower in Punta Cana, it is important to be cautious. It only takes a few drops of contaminated water to cause illness. It is recommended to keep your mouth closed to avoid accidentally swallowing water. Singing or talking in the shower should also be avoided.

Can you have ice in drinks in Punta Cana?

The use of ice in drinks depends on the source. Many resorts in Punta Cana use purified water to make their ice cubes, making it safe to consume. However, bars and restaurants outside of resorts may use unfiltered tap water to make their ice, which can pose a risk. It is recommended to ask about the source of the ice before consuming it.

What are some tips for eating leafy greens, fruits, and veggies in Punta Cana?

It is advisable to stay away from fresh fruits and vegetables that may have been rinsed with unfiltered water in Punta Cana. Leafy greens, fruits, and veggies are more likely to be contaminated with harmful bacteria if rinsed with tap water. It is recommended to use a fruit and vegetable wash or a germ solution if available.

What are the safe drinking options in Punta Cana?

When visiting Punta Cana, it is safe to drink purified, filtered, or boiled water. Using a water purifier filter bottle can help eliminate up to 99.999% of contaminants in unfamiliar water. Carbonated drinks and bottled water with sealed tops are also safe options.

How can you stay hydrated in Punta Cana?

It is essential to stay hydrated in Punta Cana to avoid dehydration. Drinking at least 10 glasses or about 2 liters of water per day is recommended. Water or electrolyte fluids can help with hydration and flushing bacteria out of the system.

What are some additional health considerations in Punta Cana?

In addition to drinking safe water and practicing good hygiene, it is important to consider other health aspects in Punta Cana. Applying insect repellent to protect against mosquito bites is highly recommended. Travelers should also ensure they are up to date on their vaccinations.

What are the medical care and hospital options in Punta Cana?

Punta Cana offers good medical care and emergency services to tourists. There are private hospitals with modern facilities and qualified professionals in the area. Hospitals such as Hospital IMG, Hospiten Bavaro, and Centro Medico Punta Cana provide 24-hour emergency care.

What should you know about personal safety and emergency services in Punta Cana?

Punta Cana is considered one of the safest vacation destinations in the Caribbean. However, it is important to exercise common-sense practices to ensure personal safety. Avoid walking alone in isolated areas at night and be cautious with your valuables. Politur, the tourist police, provides emergency services and assistance to tourists in Punta Cana.

What are some precautions to take for staying safe in Punta Cana?

While the water in Punta Cana is not safe to drink from the tap, there are precautions that travelers can take to ensure their health and safety. By being aware of personal safety measures and utilizing emergency services when needed, travelers can enjoy a safe and memorable trip to Punta Cana.

Source Links

https://livingpuntacana.com/health-safety-in-punta-cana/
https://watertogousa.com/blogs/travel/is-it-safe-to-drink-the-water-in-the-dominican-republic
https://puntacanadominicanrepublic.com/health-safety-travel-tips/

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This French Life

Maps shows quality of tap water across France

GENERALLY the tap water in France is safe to drink, as it is the public service the most studied, controlled and measured by the French authorities.

Water testing is undertaken by the regional health authorities and looks at the quality of tap water at the level of individual communes.

>> If you want to reduce your use of plastic, and find the taste of local water unpleasant, then try out Lifestraw filtered water bottles.

Details of the water quality are available at your local mairie, the company that supplies your water and usually an annual overview is provided via your water bill.

Tap water quality

But an online map is also available that lets you narrow down your search to an individual commune and the results provide an overall view as well as detailed analysis of the findings.

The map covering water and drinking water quality lets you begin your search by clicking on the region in which you live.

From there you can then click through to your département and then to your commune.

The results page will show you information covering your area such as the date of the most recent test and the authorities who have responsibility for your water and tap water quality.

From there you can see an overall report on the quality of the water in your commune and then a detailed analysis of what has been found in recent analysis.

Consumer watchdog map

Another map is available from the consumer body, UFC-Que Choisir , which again begins with a search down to the individual commune you want information for.

This map is not as detailed but provides a simpler way of seeing the tap water quality of where you live.

The map uses coloured water drops to show the quality of the water in your chosen area and the Légende button on the right of the map shows that a green water drop is good down to a black drop that signals very poor quality.

Nitrates and pesticides

Detailed tests are carried out to detect the presence of nitrates in the water of France, with measurements taken along the chain of water production.

Pesticide use is also measured covering agriculture but also extending into industry use, as well as the use of herbicides on public and private grounds.

A little further down the webpage of the first Ministère de la Santé map you can find reports into nitrates and pesticides over recent years.

The importance of valuing our water resources seems to grow every day and how we need to be aware of how we interact with the natural world.

Water quality standards in France

France has strict water quality standards that are regulated by the Ministry of Health. The standards are in accordance with European Union regulations and the World Health Organization guidelines.

The main goal of these standards is to ensure that tap water is safe to drink and free from harmful contaminants.

The French water quality standards cover a wide range of parameters, such as microbiological, chemical, and physical properties. Some of the most important parameters include:

Coliform bacteria

Water quality is monitored regularly by the local water authorities, and the results are published annually. The water quality reports are available to the public, and they provide detailed information about the water quality in each region.

The French government also encourages the use of tap water over bottled water, as it is more environmentally friendly and cost-effective. The tap water in France is considered safe to drink, and it is widely available in public places, such as restaurants and cafes. However, some people may prefer to use water filters to improve the taste of the tap water.

Testing and monitoring of tap water in France

The French government has a rigorous system in place for testing and monitoring tap water to ensure that it is safe to drink. The Ministry of Health is responsible for setting the standards for water quality, and the Regional Health Agencies (ARS) are responsible for implementing them.

Water quality is monitored at every stage of the treatment process, from the source to the tap. Samples are taken regularly and tested for a range of contaminants, including bacteria, viruses, pesticides, and heavy metals. If any issues are detected, appropriate measures are taken to rectify the problem.

The results of water quality testing are published regularly on the Ministry of Health’s website, so consumers can check the quality of their local tap water. The website also provides information on any water quality issues that have been identified and the measures that have been taken to address them.

In addition to the government’s monitoring system, water companies are also required to carry out regular testing of their own. They are required to test the water at the source, at the treatment plant, and at various points in the distribution network. The results of these tests are also published on the government’s website.

Overall, the testing and monitoring system in France ensures that tap water is safe to drink for the majority of the population. However, it is important to note that some regions may have issues with their water supply, such as contamination from agricultural runoff or old lead pipes. In these cases, consumers may need to take additional precautions, such as using a water filter or buying bottled water.

Health risks associated with drinking French tap water

While it is generally safe to drink tap water in France, there are a few health risks associated with consuming contaminated water. Some of these risks include:

Bacterial infections: Contaminated tap water can cause bacterial infections such as salmonella, shigella, and E. coli. These infections can cause symptoms such as diarrhea, stomach cramps, and fever.
Viral infections: Tap water contaminated with viruses can cause illnesses such as hepatitis A and norovirus. These viruses can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Parasitic infections: Parasites such as giardia and cryptosporidium can be present in contaminated tap water. These parasites can cause symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and dehydration.

It is important to note that these health risks are relatively rare in France, and the majority of tap water is safe to drink. However, it is always a good idea to take precautions to ensure that your tap water is clean and safe to consume. Some of these precautions include:

Boiling tap water: Boiling tap water can kill any bacteria or viruses that may be present. This is especially important if you are traveling to a rural area or an area with a known water contamination issue.
Using a water filter: A water filter can remove impurities from tap water and make it safer to drink. However, it is important to choose a filter that is designed to remove the specific contaminants that may be present in your tap water.
Buying bottled water: If you are unsure about the safety of your tap water, it is always a good idea to buy bottled water instead. Bottled water is widely available in France and is generally safe to drink.

Overall, tap water in France is safe to drink for the majority of the population. However, it is always a good idea to take precautions to ensure that your tap water is clean and safe to consume, especially if you are travelling to a rural area or an area with known water contamination issues.

Tips for drinking tap water in France

While tap water in France is generally safe to drink, there are a few things to keep in mind to ensure the best experience:

Some areas may have harder water than others, which can affect the taste. If you’re sensitive to taste, consider using a filter or opting for bottled water.
While tap water is safe to drink, it’s always a good idea to check with locals or your accommodation provider if there are any specific concerns in your area.
If you’re unsure about the quality of the tap water, you can always boil it or use a water purification system to be extra cautious.
Be mindful of the temperature of the water you’re drinking. In some areas, the tap water may come out colder or hotter than you’re used to.
Overall, tap water in France is safe to drink, but it’s always a good idea to consider your own preferences and circumstances before making a decision.

Based on the information gathered, it is safe to say that tap water in France is generally safe to drink. The water quality is high, and the majority of French cities have clean and safe drinking water from improved sources.

Rivers and aquifers supply approximately half of the water consumed in France, and of course river-based sports and tourism is important, including canoeing on the river Dordogne .

However, it is important to note that in some areas of the country, particularly those with hard water, people may choose to use filters to improve the taste or purity of the water. Additionally, some people may prefer to filter their water to remove the chlorine taste.

Overall, while filtering tap water in France is not necessary for health reasons, it may be a matter of personal preference. If you are particularly health or taste-conscious, filtering your water may be a good idea. But if you are comfortable drinking tap water as is, you can rest assured that it is safe to do so in France.

And if you want to read a little more about water in France, then check over an article about waste water treatment , and also check the latest maps highlighting local water restrictions in France .

By Craig McGinty

Thank you for reading This French Life, join me in living life the French way.

15 Interesting Facts About Costa Rica

C osta Rica is a land of diversity. There are adventures for almost every kind of outdoor and nature enthusiast. Did you know that US News ranks Costa Rica #10 as one of the best countries for adventure?

What if you are looking for relaxation ? Discover some of the best beaches in Costa Rica.

Before you go, learn some of the interesting facts about Costa Rica that you may not already know along with Costa Rica highlights and tips for traveling in Costa Rica.

Costa Rica Highlights and Tours

Map of the guanacaste region of costa rica.

Guanacaste Region - Costa Rica Map courtesy of Google

Chris and I recently traveled to Costa Rica. It was our first time in the country as well as in Central America. Did you know that Central America is made up of 7 countries: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama ?

These are some of the interesting facts about Costa Rica that we learned from our research. Hopefully they will help you in your planning and to have a fun and safe adventure.

1. Tap Water is Generally Safe to Drink

If you have traveled to many Latin American countries, you know that the water quality may be somewhat iffy.

Costa Rica is a country that thrives on tourism. The Costa Rican government works hard to provide clean drinking water in almost every part of the country. I F YOU ARE CONCERNED, you may want to stick with drinking bottled water.

As Chris and I returned happy and healthy from our trip to Costa Rica after drinking the tap water, using ice cubes in the restaurants, and enjoying smoothies, we are now happy to share our experience.

We drank water both from the tap at our vacation rental as well as from a filtered water pitcher. Both were fine, though the filtered water tasted just a bit better in my opinion.

At the Andaz Costa Rica Resort at Peninsula Papagayo, we drank water from the tap as well as the bottled water provided for free in our rooms each day.

Check Out My Travel Gear Recommendations on Amazon

2. Mosquitos Are Aplenty

One thing you don’t always think about is the need for bug spray in paradise . It is a must for your tropical vacation packing list and one of the very handy tips for traveling in Costa Rica.

I am a magnet for bites at home while my husband rarely gets bitten. After reading the recommendations from other travelers to bring bug spray, I did a little research and found the BUGGINS Original Gnat & Mosquito Insect Repellent with a light vanilla, mint and rose scent. I didn’t mind the smell at all.

Some tropical locations have mosquitoes and no-see-ums. Having been bitten by both, I prefer not to give those nasty bugs a chance.

I forgot to spray on bug spray for my last night in Costa Rica. After arriving home I began to notice small bites on my arms and legs.

3. You May Need a Rain Jacket

Although Chris and I traveled to Costa Rica at the beginning of the rainy season, we didn't see a drop of rain during our week-long stay. In fact, the weather was hotter than normal.

The rainy season is from May to November, and we traveled during the first week in May.

I would recommend tucking in a packable rain jacket just in case. Along with that, I would also suggest a waterproof cover for your backpack, especially if you carry expensive photography gear.

While Chris and I didn't experience any drastic changes in the weather, from what I could gather from my research, flash rainstorms are quite common.

We did take a day trip from the coast to a tropical rainforest and were sure to bring our rain jackets (just in case). The temperature was at least 15° cooler, but still pleasant. That takes me back to the previous tip however: be sure to wear bug spray!

4.Things to Know About Costa Rica if You Rent a Car

With our experience in choosing things to do in Guanacaste Costa Rica with excursions to Tamarindo, Playa del Coco, Plaga Langosta, Playa Hermosa, Rincon de la Vieja National Park, and the Papagayo Peninsula, I would definitely recommend renting a car.

If you choose to rent a car in Costa Rica, you will surely encounter Rental Car Insurance . Some agencies include the additional insurance in the quote when you rent online, and others will simply surprise you with it.

YOU ARE REQUIRED BY COSTA RICAN LAW TO ACCEPT THE MINIMUM RENTAL CAR COMPANY'S COLLISION DAMAGE WAIVER AND THIRD-PARTY INSURANCE .

This is regardless of the coverage you receive through your own credit card. You may, however, be given the option of different levels of coverage.

Chris and I opted for the minimum coverage . We had our rental car for one week, and the extra insurance added on approximately $150 to the total cost. If you aren't expecting this cost and haven't budgeted for it, you will definitely be surprised.

Manual-transmission vehicles are the standard . An automatic may be available, but you will need to request one in advance and they will most likely cost more to rent.

Is a 4x4 rental in Costa Rica a good thing? Yes. Yes. Yes.

Chris and I did not have a 4x4 and found that even getting up the hill to our vacation rental was a challenge in our low end car. Going back for another visit, we would definitely get a 4x4.

We also traveled over some very bumpy and questionable "roads". A 4x4 would have been so much nicer. There are limited options for local transport if you choose not to rent a car.

Additional Tips for Traveling in Costa Rica:

Be a defensive driver and drive with caution
Mountain roads are often winding and narrow
You will find nicely paved roads as well as dirt roads that are bumpy and filled with potholes
The assistants at the gas stations fill your gas tank for you
Some roads are toll roads which require cash
Police have been known to conduct routine stops to check documentation. You will need to show them your license and passport (to prove that you are driving within the time limit of your visa—30 days for tourists).

5. Carry Some Cash with You

Many of the places you stay, pre-booked attractions, and some restaurants will accept credit cards. It is a good idea, however, to exchange money for colones to be able to pay for those extras, some tips, and the local eateries that don't take credit cards.

6. Tipping is Not Mandatory in Costa Rica

Tipping is not mandatory in Costa Rica. You will find that many establishments already include a 10% tip or service charge. If you feel as though your guide, driver, hotel maid service, server, or excursion host has given you super service, tips are always appreciated.

The standard amount to tip in Costa Rica is 10% and you can give either Costa Rican colones or US dollars.

7. Costa Rica’s National Currency is the Colón

The national currency in Costa Rica is colones ₡. You may be able to pay for accommodation and tours in USD as well as with your credit card, but having local currency on hand to pay at local eateries and such may be required.

1 USD is approximately = 600 colones

Chris and I booked a couples massage while in Costa Rica. When booking, they requested that we have the necessary amount in local currency to pay in colones. If you are unsure, ask.

8. Sales Tax and Service Fees

In Costa Rica, it is required by law that restaurants include a 10% service fee that translates as a tip. Sales tax for restaurants, retails stores, and tourism services is currently 13%.

9. Tips for Traveling in Costa Rica: There is No Daylight Saving Time

One of the important things to know about Costa Rica is that it does not follow Daylight Saving Time . Costa Rica is located roughly 10 degrees north of the equator .

From March to November, the current time in Costa Rica is the same as Mountain Daylight Time in the United States. For Chris and I, there was no time change at all . Yay for no jetlag! From mid-March to mid-November, the current time in Costa Rica would be the same as Central Time in the United States.

Sunset occurs around 6:00 pm each evening and the sky start to get light in the morning around 5:00 am.

10. Pay Attention to the Seasons When Booking

Interesting facts about Costa Rica to know before you go? It has two tropical season: dry season and green season .

Dry season (also known as high season ) is from December to April . During these months, many tourists arrive in Costa Rica to enjoy the tropical weather. Green season aka the rainy season is from May to November .

Chris and I visited at the beginning of the rainy season. We did not experience any rain; in fact, the weather was unseasonably hot. Many of the locals that we talked with were anxious for some cooler weather and rain.

We did not experience heavy rain nor mud, but if you travel to Costa Rica during the rainy season months, you will want to be prepared for the weather and driving conditions. It is always a good idea to bring your rain gear with you, even if the skies start out blue in the morning.

As far as the best time to go to Costa Rica? I would say, "Whenever you can get away!" I would think the shoulder season would be ideal: April to May and November and December.

11. Learn Basic Spanish Phrases

Wherever you travel in this great big world, it is a good idea to have a few LOCAL words and phrases ready to go when you visit. The official language of Costa Rica is Spanish. As one of the best tips for traveling in Costa Rica, do yourself a favor and learn a few of these basics words and phrases:

Hello - Hola
Goodbye - Adiós
Please - Por favor
Thanks - Gracias
You're welcome - Con Mucho Gusto
Good morning - Buenos días
Good evening - Buenas noches
How are you? - Cómo estás?
Pure Life - Pura Vida

One of the fun facts about Costa Rica? You will hear "Pura Vida" often as it r epresents Costa Ricans' relaxed attitude towards life . It can be used to say "hello", "goodbye", "everything is okay", and to brush off negativity. It is a way of life and an attitude.

12. Wildlife

Costa Rica is full of a diverse population of animals and wildlife.

As Chris and I followed our guide in the Rincon de la Vieja National Park and tropical forest, we were surprised when he showed us snakes, butterflies, a toucan, and insects.

We would have never known they were there.

We visited the Diamante Animal Sanctuary as well where we saw monkeys, butterflies, sloths, jaguars and more. Again, if you are hiking in the forest, you may never spot them on your own.

We did, however, see plenty of monkeys at Andaz Costa Rica Resort at Peninsula Papagayo. They were abundant in the trees around the resort. The first morning we saw them, we said, "Oh, how cute."

Turns out that some were howler monkeys! Important things to know about Costa Rica and monkeys: if they happen to be in the trees outside your hotel room as the sun goes down, you are in for a noisy night. The sounds coming out of these cute little monkeys is not so cute!

The most common creature that we saw while snorkeling was the sea urchin. While the water was not nearly so clear as the water in Moorea, Tahiti , there was still plenty to see in Costa Rica.

13. Fun Facts About Costa Rica: A "Soda"Isn't What You Think it Is!

One of things to know about Costa Rica is that a soda is a small eatery, much like a mom and pop restaurant. Sodas typically offer open-air seating, traditional Costa Rican food, and a relaxed vibe.

One of the best Costa Rica travel tips is to eat at a soda; it is an awesome way to immerse yourself in the culture while also saving a little money!

14. A Tour Guide is Worth the Investment

One of the benefits to a guided tour is having a guide who is accustomed to spotting the wildlife in nature that you would typically walk past without seeing.

Chris and I enjoyed a guided tour through the rainforest with Joaquin of Sensoria as one of our Costa Rica highlights. Our tour included a hike, waterfalls, time to relax in the thermal pools, climbing to the top of the viewing tower to see the volcano in the Rincon de la Vieja National Park, and lunch.

Joaquin, our guide, shared his expert knowledge of the rainforest, a few snake sightings ("Don't worry", he said. "Pit vipers aren't easily excited!" Yikes!), and was happy to take pictures for us.

15. Tips for Traveling in Costa Rica: WiFi is Available

As a forward-thinking country that relies on the tourism industry, Costa Rica is no stranger to technology. One of the important things to know about Costa Rica is that many populated areas have access to either cable or DSL high-speed Internet. WiFi is available free of charge in certain locations throughout the country.

Chris and I enjoyed great service at our vacation rental in Playa Hermosa as well as at the Andaz resort on the Papagayo Peninsula.

Travel and Photography Gear

Travel photographer in Norway

If you are hoping to “UP” your travel skills beyond using your camera phone (though I still keep mine handy), you will definitely need some upgraded camera gear.

Canon Powershot G1 X Mark III – A point and shoot with Manual mode options
Canon t8i plus a lens kit – Perfect for beginners
Canon EF-S 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6 IS My favorite lens for the Canon t8i
Canon 6d Mark II DSLR – An upgraded camera for intermediate photographers
Canon EF 24-105mm f/4 L IS USM Lens for the Canon 6d Mark II

You can see more of my photography gear recommendations on my Amazon Storefront .

Frequently Asked Questions: Things to Know About Costa Rica

Should i be concerned about my valuables.

Don’t flash expensive jewelry, electronics, purses, or clothing. You'll want to do your best to blend in. Be mindful of handing over your phone to a stranger to take pictures for you. Really, if you have valuables that you are concerned about, just leave them home.

What is Costa Rica known for?

Costa Rica is famous for its incredible natural wonders, aromatic coffee, chocolate, Pura Vida lifestyle, beautiful beaches, wildlife, rainforest, volcanoes, mountains, delicious food, and progressive government.

What is the population of Costa Rica?

Approximately 5 million people.

Does Costa Rica have a military?

No. They do maintain small forces capable of law enforcement, but Costa Rica has no permanent standing army.

Are there volcanoes in Costa Rica?

Yes. There are over 200 volcanic formations. Of those, approximately 100 actually show signs of activity and only five are classified as active.

Love this Post? Pin it!

Final thoughts on 15 interesting facts about costa rica.

Clearly, these are not ALL the things to know about Costa Rica before you go. Be sure to check out my additional posts about Costa Rica highlights: the Guanacaste Region, the Andaz Costa Rica Resort at Peninsula Papagayo, and things to do at Playa Hermosa.

Is tap water safe to drink? Here’s what you really need to know.

Experts weigh in on the chemicals that can be found in drinking water, how it’s regulated, and what you can do if you’re worried about your water.

Most U.S. residents don’t need to worry about the safety of their tap water, but millions of Americans are still exposed to contaminants every year.

It can take a water crisis to highlight where drinking water infrastructure is failing.

One of the most devastating water crises in recent memory was the lead contamination in Flint, Michigan's drinking water in 2014. As of January 2023 , nine years after the initial contamination, residents are still dealing with the effects. And last year, a water crisis in Jackson, Mississippi left many of the city’s 150,000 residents without potable water, a problem that persists today .

Here, drinking water experts from the EPA, academia, and advocacy groups weigh in on what you need to know about your tap.

A group of workers in yellow safety vests walk across a platform in the middle of a large concrete room used for water purification.

What are some of the common things in tap water—other than water?

In the U.S., about 90 percent of people get their tap water from a public water system (PWS). Water from a lake, reservoir, river or aquifer is piped into a water treatment facility where chemicals are added to the water that bind to pollutants and are sifted out of the system. Some facilities also use bacteria-killing UV light.

Chemical disinfectants such as chlorine or chloramine are then added to the water to help kill any pathogens remaining in the water and any that might be lurking in your pipes when the water travels to your home.

FREE BONUS ISSUE

Some water treatment facilities, from lack of funding or too little oversight, don’t effectively clean their water. In 2015, about 21 million people living in the U.S. were exposed to tap water that violated federal guidelines, according to a study published in 2018.

Unsafe and therefore illegal levels of pathogens (bacteria and viruses), nitrates, arsenic, and harmful byproducts from disinfectants like chlorine were the most common sources of violations, says Maura Allaire, study author and a water quality expert at the University of California, Irvine.

A man picks a case of water to distribute during a water crisis in Mississippi.

How is tap water regulated?

In 1974, Congress passed the Safe Drinking Water Act, which gave the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the authority to regulate public tap water.

When something like lead, for example, is shown to be harmful to human health, the EPA can set a limit for how much is allowed in water supplies. Limits are based on what amount is safe for human consumption and what is technologically feasible for water treatment facilities to accomplish.

But these limits don’t always result in water that is contaminant free.

“There’s a gap between what is legal and what is safe,” says Sydney Evans, a science analyst at the Environmental Working Group (EWG). She adds that many regulations are based on decades-old science, which the EWG has argued makes regulations outdated and insufficient.

The EWG maintains their own tap water database where they set much stricter limits than the EPA, based on what they consider to be safe for human health. Their limits are determined by peer-reviewed studies, research done by state agencies, and staff scientists.

A woman washes her dishes using bottled water.

What are PFAS, the latest chemicals to get EPA attention?

Type “drinking water” into your search bar, and lately you’re likely to see articles about how it’s full of PFAS, pollutants sometimes referred to as “forever chemicals.” PFAS (per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances) is a group of thousands of chemicals with tight chemically-bound bonds that help them last in the environment for years.

Certain PFAS compounds have been linked to serious health issues , such as cancer. Recently, the EPA proposed new limits on six of these chemicals in drinking water. Studies conducted on drinking water show PFAS is common in drinking water supplies throughout the U.S., and as a result, these chemicals have been found in our blood .

The EPA rules proposed this month would be the first to meaningfully address PFAS pollution at the federal level and paves a way to remove a toxin that’s been contaminating drinking water for decades.

What about other unregulated contaminants?

New rules for currently unregulated contaminants will take time. PFAS, for instance, have been a known hazard for years, but it required large amounts of evidence and research before a rule could be proposed.

“There is a significant challenge,” Eric Burneson, a director at the EPA’s Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, says of proposing new regulations. “We need robust scientific information, and we need peer review of that information. We need to know about our ability to manage it. Can we measure it? Can we treat it?”

Answers to these questions help the EPA defend the potential cost of regulating a new chemical.

The U.S. plans to limit PFAS in drinking water. What does that really mean?

We can’t assume our water is safe to drink. But we can fix it.

Japan releases nuclear wastewater into the Pacific. How worried should we be?

In addition to the 90 contaminants the EPA already regulates, there are dozens more the agency has identified as a threat to health and in tap water. They include 66 chemicals, 12 microbes, and all PFAS—instead of the six they recently proposed to limit.

“We need further information to move forward,” says Burneson of regulating potentially harmful chemicals, but he adds, “They may be in drinking water, and they pose risks.”

Who’s impacted the most by contaminated drinking water?

Rural, low-income communities face the most trouble accessing clean tap water; water treatment facilities there are most likely to violate EPA standards. Proximity to agricultural pollution, contaminated groundwater, and underfunded or understaffed treatment facilities put these communities at risk.

An analysis of three decades of drinking water violations in the U.S. found some states were more likely to have poorer quality drinking water than others. States with agricultural hubs were particularly at risk.

Certain racial groups are also more likely to be exposed to poor drinking water. One study looking at California and Texas found Latino and Black communities faced a persistently higher cancer risk from their drinking water.

(An environmental advocate weighs in on inequality and safe drinking water.)

What can you do if you’re concerned about your tap?

The EPA requires water utilities to publish annual reports identifying any potential health hazards in the community about their water supply. (You can find yours here .)

When hazards emerge, securing clean drinking water can cost individuals.

For short-term emergencies like a boil water notice, bottled water can be a useful resource.

Bottled water bought and sold in the U.S. is regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, which regulates water based on the same standards the EPA has in place for tap water. Studies done on bottled water have found it’s no cleaner or safer than well-regulated tap water, but it is sold at several times the price of tap water and promotes plastic waste, an emerging drinking water threat .

Filters are another option for addressing tap water concerns. They can be as simple as the relatively inexpensive filters that fit in your fridge or as complex as a thousand-dollar filtration system hooked up to home plumbing.

How do we make sure everyone has clean drinking water?

There are about 3,000 electric utilities in the U.S. but over 50,000 water utilities. While some serve as many as eight million people, about half of those facilities serve fewer than 500. Those smaller utilities are less likely to have full time operators or enough customers to pay for maintenance.

With the right policies and enough funding, experts say clean tap water can be guaranteed for everyone.

“We have the technical know-how to provide safe drinking water,” says Allaire. “It’s a policy question of how do we make this a reality?”

Combining those smaller utilities, creating water contracts where one community purchases water from a larger utility, and paying for well-trained facility managers could all create more water for more communities.

Water in America: Is It Safe to Drink?

Ground-level ozone is getting worse. Here's what it means for your health.

In a first, microplastic particles have been linked to heart disease

We got rid of BPA in some products—but are the substitutes any safer?

‘Forever chemicals’ are hiding in your kitchen. Here’s where—and what you can do

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Fearlessly Italy

Can You Drink Tap Water in Italy? An Easy Guide

Drinking tap water in Italy is safe all over the country. Across the different Italian regions , tap water comes from local springs and wells, and depending on the area, it can be more or less hard or sweet.

Apart from being good and safe, refilling your own reusable bottle with local tap water is one of the best ways to save quite a lot of money, especially if your trip is more than a 2-day city break.

If you are planning 2 weeks in Italy , you will soon realize home much you will save every day by using the free tap water instead of buying mineral water every time.

Read on as we map out the cities where to find the best tap water in Italy.

Not as much time? Check out our 10-day itinerary ideas !

Table of Contents

When and where can you drink tap water in Italy?

You can safely drink tap water pretty much always and everywhere in Italy. Restaurants, bars, hotels, private homes, and many public fountains dispense free and clean water every day 24/7.

Italians are among the European residents who consume more bottled water. But this is more of a cultural habit than a real safety concern. In fact, the best water in Italy runs from the tap and it happens to be one of the best in Europe. All across the regions of Italy, tap water is constantly subject to chemical and bacteriological checks to make sure it’s safe and drinkable.

If you refill your own reusable bottle before setting off for your daily sightseeing, you don’t just save money, you will also make more sustainable and environmental-friendly choices.

In some places in Italy, especially in the countryside, you might find from time to time a sign reading “acqua non potabile” and meaning non-drinkable water. This can be because it’s water taken from a local well and only for working purposes, cleaning animals or places on farms.

Cities with the best tap water in Italy

Some of the cities with the best tap water in Italy are Caserta, Aosta, Perugia, and Ancona. In southern Italy, the best tap water is found in Campobasso in Molise and Palermo in Sicily. Amongst the northern Italian regions, you can find great tap water in Trento , Udine, Pavia, Alessandria, Livorno, Parma, and Pavia.

In Sardinia , you can find fantastic spring water in San Leonardo, a sanctuary near Santu Lussurgiu in the Oristano province, and in the Mount of Seneghe , also in the province of Oristano.

Northern Sardinia, on the other hand, is famous for the Smeraldina water, the spring of which is in Tempio Pausania in the Gallura area, and that is sold bottled. As a matter of fact, Smeraldina has been recognized as the best water in Italy for two years in a row and has been named one of the best on the planet and the Best Tasting Water in the World at the 29th annual Berkeley Springs International Water Competition .

Tap water in Rome is also very good, although very calcareous, hence considered hard even though good in taste. In Rome, you can find small cast-iron fountains pouring drinkable water 24/7 so if you have a reusable travel bottle, you won’t even need to buy bottled mineral water.

Can you drink tap water in Italy hotels?

Absolutely. All the tap water running across Italy, being hotels, bars, and private houses, is safe to drink, meets all the necessary quality standards, and even tastes good.

In many hotel rooms in Italy, you will find a minibar with a stock of drinks, including half-liter bottles of water. But since tap water in Italy is perfectly safe, you don’t need to spend money, also because those little bottles will be much overpriced.

Use the tap water of hotels to fill up your reusable bottle or to fill the kettle to make tea or the coffee machine.

As it’s safe for drinking, you are just fine also brushing your teeth anywhere in Italy using tap water. Unlike India, for example. There, tap water is highly contaminated and one of the main reasons why you would get sick in India .

Is it rude to ask for tap water in Italy?

Some restaurants might not appreciate you asking for tap water because it’s free, so they prefer to bring a bottle of mineral water to the table. But if you want the water from the tap, you can ask them and they will give it to you.

When you are at a bar, in most places in Italy they will give you mineral water when you order a glass or to accompany your coffee. In Rome bars, however, what bartenders give customers ordering a coffee is a glass of tap water.

Italian mineral water brands

Even though tap water in Italy is perfectly safe, most Italians buy mineral water for their homes. This, however, is more for cultural reasons, so that when they have guests, they can offer bottled water, and for wrong health concerns.

In many places, Italian tap water is more or less calcareous, which led many to believe it can cause kidney stones. Several studies showed that this is not the case, but many still continue to prefer mineral rather than tap water in Italy.

If you want to buy mineral water in Italy, here are some of the more popular brands:

Sant’Anna
Acqua Panna
Uliveto (sparkling water)
Levico (in glass bottle, especially found in Trentino-Alto Adige )
Egeria (mainly found in Rome)
Smeraldina (great water from Sardinia)
San Benedetto
S.Pellegrino
Acqua Fabia

Italian words for drinking water in Italy

Tap water >> Acqua del rubinetto
Still water >> Acqua liscia
Sparkling water >> Acqua frizzante
Lightly sparkling water >> Acqua leggermente frizzante . Sometimes, they might refer to it by only saying “ leggermente “
A glass of water >> Un bicchiere d’acqua
A bottle of water >> Una bottiglia d’acqua
Drinkable water >> Acqua potabile
Non-drinkable water >> Acqua non potabile

Is Montana Tap Water Safe to Drink: A Comprehensive Guide

Have you ever filled a glass from your kitchen tap and wondered, “Is Montana tap water safe to drink?” It’s a question that might cross your mind as you gaze out at the state’s vast, rugged landscapes and the crystal-clear rivers cutting through them.

You’re about to embark on a journey through the complex world of Montana’s tap water, where I’ll guide you through its quality, potential contaminants, and the measures in place to ensure its safety.

From the role of the Montana Department of Environmental Quality in safeguarding our water to the common contaminants that may lurk unseen, I’ll share with you the key takeaways on water safety.

Related article: Montana Travel Suggestions

If you’re a Montana resident, a prospective visitor, or just someone passionate about water quality, this article is tailored for you. Stay tuned, because what you’re about to read could change the way you think about every sip you take.

7 Key Takeaways on Montana Tap Water

Montana’s tap water is generally safe to drink, but its quality can vary by source and location.
The Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) offers water quality reports for public water systems, providing valuable information on composition and contaminants.
Common contaminants in Montana tap water include arsenic, bromodichloromethane, chloroform, chromium (hexavalent), dibromochloromethane, dichloroacetic acid, and hormones.
Long-term exposure to certain contaminants, like arsenic and hexavalent chromium, can increase the risk of cancer.
Montana’s public water systems are regularly tested to meet federal and state regulations, but private wells are not subject to the same guidelines.
Precautions such as using water filters and staying informed through water quality reports can help mitigate potential risks.
While some contaminants exceed health guidelines, the concentrations in Montana’s tap water are generally low, but it’s still important to take precautions for your health.

Montana Tap Water: How Safe Is It?

Water flows from a stainless steel faucet

Montana’s tap water is generally considered safe to drink, with a regulatory system in place to ensure it meets federal and state standards. However, like anywhere else, the water’s quality can vary depending on the source and location.

For instance, the city of Bozeman has received accolades for its tap water, ranking as the best in the state and third-best in North America for taste. But what about other areas?

To get a more accurate picture of the water quality in Montana, the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) offers water quality reports for public water systems.

These reports are a treasure trove of information, shedding light on everything from chemical composition to potential contaminants. I’ve found them incredibly useful in understanding the tap water in my area.

So, if you’re concerned or just curious about your tap water’s quality, I’d highly recommend checking your local utility’s water quality report.

Armed with this knowledge, you can make informed choices, whether it’s installing a filter or simply enjoying a refreshing glass of Montana’s finest. This should be one of your safety considerations when visiting Montana if you want to stay healthy during your travels.

Guidelines for Safe Drinking Water in Montana

A person fills a glass of water from a kitchen sink.

When it comes to the quality of water flowing from your tap in Montana, you can rest assured that it’s not a Wild West situation. The health guidelines for safe drinking water in this state are primarily regulated by the Public Water Supply Bureau at the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ).

These guidelines ensure compliance with the federal Safe Drinking Water Act and apply to public water systems, including cities, towns, water districts, subdivisions, and businesses. Here’s what you need to know about these health guidelines and how they impact your water-drinking experience in the Treasure State:

Public Water Systems – Legally, these entities are defined as providing water to 25 or more people for over 60 days a year or having 15 or more service connections. In Montana, this encompasses cities, towns, water districts, subdivisions, HOAs, campgrounds, restaurants, bars, and other businesses.
Regulations – The Public Water Supply Bureau at DEQ regulates public water systems in Montana to ensure that the water being served meets the federal Safe Drinking Water Act and state laws and regulations.
Private Wells – These are not regulated under these regulations.
Testing – The number of people served, the type of source water, and the type of contaminants determine the frequency of drinking water testing.
Compliance – Compliance and reporting are critical to maintaining Montana’s public water supply.
Drinking Water Regulations – These include microbiological requirements, chemical requirements, disinfectants and disinfection byproducts, fluoride addition, public notification requirements, and consumer confidence reports.
Water Quality Standards – These are enacted by the Montana State Legislature.
Specific Rules – These include the Chlorination Rule, Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) Rule, Cross Connection Rule, Disinfection Byproducts Rule, Groundwater Rule, Groundwater under the direct influence of surface water (GWUDISW), and Lead and Copper Rule.

It’s important to note that these regulations apply to public water systems. If you rely on a private well, they don’t fall under the same guidelines. In that case, you may want to consider periodic testing to ensure your water is up to snuff.

In a state as pristine as Montana, where the rivers run clear and the air is crisp, it’s only fitting that the water we drink meets the same high standards.

Common Contaminants Found in Montana Tap Water

A glass filled with water containing contaminants

Montana’s pristine landscapes may evoke images of crystal-clear creeks, but the reality is that even the Big Sky Country isn’t immune to certain water contaminants. While the state’s water quality is generally high, it’s essential to be aware of potential issues.

Here’s a closer look at some of the most common contaminants found in Montana tap water, so you can take the necessary precautions to keep yourself and your family safe.

Montana’s natural geology makes it one of the states where arsenic occurs in the environment, primarily due to specific soil and bedrock compositions.

However, it’s not just nature at play here. Human activities such as apple orchard spraying, coal ash disposal, and the use of pressure-treated wood have also contributed to the presence of this element in both soil and water sources.

Why should you care? Well, arsenic is a silent intruder. You won’t be able to detect it by taste, smell, or color in your tap water.

The only way to identify its presence is through laboratory analysis. And here’s the kicker: long-term exposure to arsenic through drinking water has been linked to an increased risk of cancer.

Studies have shown that chronic exposure to arsenic heightens the likelihood of developing skin, bladder, and lung cancers. There are even indications that prolonged exposure could increase the risks of kidney and prostate cancers.

But thankfully, most public water systems in Montana regularly test for arsenic levels and treat the water accordingly. However, if you have a private well or are unsure about the quality of your tap water, it’s crucial to get it tested for arsenic. Don’t take any chances when it comes to your health.

2. Bromodichloromethane

Testing by an independent third party has shed light on a concerning issue: Bromodichloromethane levels in our tap water. This compound, a type of total trihalomethane (TTHM) formed during water treatment, has been found to exceed recommended levels.

Why is this a concern? Well, drinking tap water contaminated with Bromodichloromethane can pose serious risks to your health. Studies have shown an increased likelihood of cancer, potential harm to your kidneys and liver, and even complications during pregnancy.

Recent animal studies have indicated that consuming substantial amounts of this chemical can lead to liver and kidney damage. The good news is that this information isn’t meant to scare you off from tap water altogether. Instead, it’s a call to action to take extra precautions.

What can you do?

Consider investing in a water filter that specifically targets TTHMs like Bromodichloromethane.
Stay updated on local water quality reports and any ongoing efforts to mitigate this issue.
If you’re pregnant, consult your doctor about the best water sources during this crucial time.

Remember, knowledge is power. By being aware of the potential risks, you can make well-informed choices about your drinking water and take steps to safeguard your health.

3. Chloroform

Chloroform is a sneaky byproduct that can sometimes hitch a ride in your glass of tap water. You might recognize it from crime dramas, but in reality, chloroform is a component of total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) that can form during the disinfection process of treating tap water with chlorine.

Chloroform primarily comes from industrial sources like chemical companies and paper mills, as well as wastewater from sewage treatment plants. When chlorine, the common disinfectant, does its job of eliminating bacteria, it can inadvertently produce chloroform in small quantities.

So, is the chloroform in your tap water something to worry about? While it’s not ideal, the good news is that an independent third-party assessment found that Montana’s tap water generally surpasses health benchmarks for chloroform levels.

However, it’s important to note that drinking water contaminated with chloroform does pose health risks. Studies on animals have shown that prolonged ingestion of large quantities of chloroform can lead to liver and kidney cancer.

The big question mark is whether the same risks apply to humans exposed to chloroform in drinking water over extended periods. While the evidence isn’t conclusive, it’s always wise to err on the side of caution.

Here are a few actionable tips to minimize your exposure to chloroform in tap water:

Consider Using a Water Filter – A quality activated carbon filter can help reduce chloroform levels in your tap water.
Opt for Cold Water – Chloroform levels tend to be higher in warm or hot water, so stick to cold water for drinking and cooking whenever possible.
Ventilate Your Bathroom – Chloroform can be released into the air during hot showers. Make sure your bathroom is well-ventilated to minimize inhalation.

By staying informed and taking simple precautions, you can continue to enjoy the many benefits of this beautiful state while safeguarding your health.

4. Chromium (Hexavalent)

During my deep dive into the state of Montana’s tap water, one alarming discovery stood out: the presence of hexavalent chromium. You might recognize this toxic compound from the famous legal battle in Hinkley, California, as depicted in the movie “Erin Brockovich.”

Hexavalent chromium, also known as chromium-6, is a known carcinogen that can seep into drinking water from industrial pollution or natural sources like mineral deposits and groundwater. A 2008 study by the National Toxicology Program revealed that chromium-6 induced cancer in laboratory animals.

And it doesn’t stop there, the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment has concluded that it can pose a cancer risk to humans as well. Here’s what you can do:

Test Your Water – Reach out to your local water utility or consider using a home water testing kit to check for chromium-6 levels.
Install a Filtration System – If your water tests positive for elevated levels of chromium-6, investing in a water filtration system that specifically targets this contaminant is a wise move.
Stay Informed – Keep an eye on annual water quality reports from your utility. They often include information on chromium levels and any necessary precautions.

Montana’s natural beauty is unparalleled, but it’s crucial to be aware of potential health hazards lurking in our everyday routines. By taking these precautions, you can ensure that your hydration habits don’t come with an unwanted side of hexavalent chromium.

5. Dibromochloromethane

Let’s talk about dibromochloromethane (DBCM), a compound you probably haven’t heard much about. Independent studies have shown that this chemical has been detected in some Montana tap water samples, albeit in trace amounts.

Dibromochloromethane is part of a group of chemicals called trihalomethanes (TTHMs). It was once used in the production of fire extinguisher fluids, spray can propellants, and even pesticides. However, its usage is now limited to lab settings.

DBCM doesn’t occur naturally in liquid form; it’s either dissolved in water or evaporated into the air as a gas. The most common way it enters water sources is through the breakdown of organic matter, like decaying leaves or algae, during the water treatment process.

Animal studies have shown that prolonged exposure to high levels of DBCM can lead to liver and kidney cancer. It’s important to note that these studies used much higher doses than what you’d typically find in tap water. However, it’s still a good idea to avoid prolonged exposure to high levels of this chemical.

If you’re concerned, you can take some simple steps to reduce your exposure:

Use a water filter certified to remove trihalomethanes.
Opt for cold water when cooking or drinking, as DBCM levels are typically lower in cold water.
Consider alternate sources of drinking water, like bottled water or water delivery services.

Montana’s water utilities are well aware of the presence of DBCM and are actively monitoring and treating water to keep levels in check. As a consumer, you have options to further ensure the quality of your drinking water. It’s always good to stay informed and make choices that align with your comfort level.

6. Dichloroacetic Acid

You might be surprised to learn that your tap water could contain a compound called Dichloroacetic Acid (DCA), which exceeds health guidelines. DCA is a member of the chloroacetic acids family and one of the five haloacetic acids.

While DCA does have medical applications, such as in cancer treatment, its presence in your water is a result of the chlorination process. If you’re wondering how it gets there, improper waste disposal from pharmaceutical factories is one possible source.

The health risks of consuming tap water contaminated with DCA are significant, with potential impacts on cancer development, reproductive issues, child development, liver and kidney damage, complications during pregnancy, and problems related to eyes and nerves, as suggested by studies.

It’s important to note that DCA is typically found in trace amounts in municipal water supplies. However, the fact that it exceeds health guidelines means it’s worth paying attention to. If you’re concerned, consider using a water filter specifically designed to remove haloacetic acids.

Here’s a quick rundown about Dichloroacetic Acid:

DCA is a byproduct of the chlorination process.
Improper waste disposal by pharmaceutical factories can contribute to its presence in water systems.
Health risks associated with DCA include potential effects on cancer development, reproductive issues, and more.
The compound is commonly found in municipal water but typically in trace amounts.
Water filters designed to remove haloacetic acids can offer an extra layer of protection.

Your health is paramount, so if you’re worried, it’s always a good idea to consult local water authorities or consider getting your tap water tested.

7. Hormones

The notion of our tap water containing traces of human sex hormones may seem like a plot twist in a sci-fi movie. However, according to third-party testing, Montana’s water utility occasionally surpasses health guidelines due to the presence of hormones like testosterone and estrogen.

These hormones can find their way into the water from various sources, including farms, pharmaceutical production, and incomplete wastewater treatment. But before you start picturing a hormone-laced drinking fountain, it’s important to note that the concentrations detected are typically low.

While this might sound reassuring, the truth is there are no established standards or long-term studies to determine the risks of these hormones in our drinking water. Surprisingly, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) doesn’t currently provide guidelines to assess the safety or potential risks of hormone exposure through water.

So, what’s the big deal? These hormones, when present as endocrine disruptors in our water, can interfere with our natural hormone systems. In turn, this may affect our reproductive systems, potentially reducing fertility and increasing developmental abnormalities in infants.

Endocrine disruptors have also been associated with an elevated risk of cancer and disturbances in immune and nervous system functions.

The takeaway here is that while the presence of hormones in your glass of tap water might be a fascinating factoid, it’s crucial to recognize the uncertainties surrounding their long-term effects on human health.

8. Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs)

Here’s a fact that might make you pause the next time you fill your glass from the tap: third-party testing has revealed that Montana’s tap water, while generally safe, can sometimes contain elevated levels of Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs).

You might be wondering, what on earth are TTHMs? Well, they’re byproducts that form when chlorine, commonly used to disinfect water, reacts with natural organic matter.

Because studies have linked increased TTHM levels to a range of health concerns. A higher risk of cancer and reproductive issues.

But here’s the kicker: recent research suggests that the absorption of TTHMs through the skin and inhalation during activities like showering can result in even higher concentrations in the blood than simply drinking the water.

Global studies have shown a correlation between elevated TTHMs and increased cancer rates. Animal research has even indicated tumor induction in the liver, kidneys, and intestines due to exposure to these compounds.

So, what can you do to minimize your risk? A few simple steps go a long way:

Consider using a water filter that specifically targets TTHMs.
When taking a shower or bath, keep the bathroom well-ventilated to reduce inhalation.
Opt for shorter showers to limit your exposure time.

While Montana’s tap water is generally safe, it’s always a good idea to be aware of any potential risks and take steps to safeguard yourself and your family.

9. Trichloroacetic Acid

Here’s something you probably haven’t heard: Montana’s tap water has a secret ingredient called Trichloroacetic Acid (TCAA). Independent testing has revealed that this chemical, formed from natural reactions with disinfectants, can sometimes exceed health guidelines.

What’s the big deal? Well, TCAA is one of the regulated haloacetic acids by federal standards. In other words, it’s not just some random compound; it’s a known drinking water contaminant that we should be aware of.

The risks associated with TCAA in your drinking water are no joke. Prolonged exposure beyond the “Maximum Contaminant Levels” set by the EPA can heighten your risk of cancer.

Yes, you read that right. Long-term exposure to TCAA has been linked to tumor development. If you’re pregnant or planning to be, this is especially important for you.

Studies suggest that TCAA could potentially cause developmental issues in the fetus if you’re exposed to this chemical during pregnancy. By being aware of the potential risks of TCAA and taking appropriate measures, you can enjoy a safer and healthier hydration experience in Big Sky Country.

Best Type of Filters to Remove Contaminants

A glass of clear water placed in front of toilet rolls.

When it comes to filtering your Montana tap water, two popular options stand out: Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) filters and Solid Block Carbon filters.

GAC Filters – Think of GAC as loose carbon granules that water flows through. These filters force water through these granules, trapping contaminants along the way.
Solid Block Carbon Filters – On the other hand, Solid Block Carbon filters are made by compressing activated carbon under heat and pressure. This results in solid walls and multiple layers of carbon that water must navigate through.

Both filters use carbon ground into small particulate sizes, but Solid Block Carbon is ground 7 to 19 times smaller than GAC.

So, why choose one over the other?

GAC filters are inexpensive and straightforward to manufacture, making them a popular choice for many water filtration companies.
Solid Block Carbon filters, while costlier and taking longer to produce, offer superior contaminant removal. The water’s strenuous path through the compressed carbon enhances the filtration process, resulting in better water quality.

If you’re looking for a budget-friendly option that still gets the job done, GAC filters are a solid choice. However, if you want top-notch filtration that leaves no room for doubt, Solid Block Carbon filters are the way to go.

Montana Tap Water Final Thoughts

Water streams from a faucet in a Montana home

The Public Water Supply Bureau, a division of the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), oversees the safety of drinking water. Aligned with the federal Safe Drinking Water Act, their guidelines apply to public water systems, including cities, towns, water districts, subdivisions, and businesses.

Delving into contaminants, we’ve identified some substances that can be present in Montana tap water, such as arsenic, bromodichloromethane, chloroform, chromium (hexavalent), dibromochloromethane, dichloroacetic acid, and hormones.

While these contaminants might sound alarming, it’s important to note that their presence is often within acceptable limits. So, what can you do to further enhance your water quality?

Two popular filtration options are Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) filters and Solid Block Carbon filters. GAC filters, with their porous structure, are effective in removing organic compounds, while Solid Block Carbon filters excel at eliminating heavy metals.

Understanding the specific contaminants in your water can help you choose the right filter for your needs. By referring to your local utility’s water quality report, you can gain valuable insights into your water’s composition and make well-informed choices about filtration systems, if necessary.

Montana Tap Water FAQs

1. what montana town has the best quality tap water.

In June 2019, the AWWA declared Bozeman, Montana, as one of the top five best-tasting water sources in the United States. Bozeman received recognition as the third-best clean water source in America, marking the first time the city achieved this honor.

2. Is Montana Tap Water Safe?

Montana’s tap water is generally safe due to strict regulations enforced by the Public Water Supply Bureau at the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ).

These regulations ensure compliance with federal guidelines outlined in the Safe Drinking Water Act, aiming to maintain water quality standards for public water systems across the state.

However, like any region, Montana faces occasional challenges related to contaminants, and the safety of tap water can vary between different locations.

3. Is Montana Tap Water Cold?

Montana’s tap water temperature can vary based on several factors, including the season, location, and source.

Generally, tap water in Montana tends to be colder, especially during winter months or in regions with colder climates. Water from underground sources or mountain-fed reservoirs might be colder compared to water from warmer climates or surface sources.

4. Where Does Montana Get Its Drinking Water?

Montana primarily sources its drinking water from various natural sources like rivers, lakes, reservoirs, groundwater aquifers, and occasionally, surface water treatment plants.

These sources serve as the primary supply for public water systems, cities, towns, and communities across the state.

Like this article? Explore our Montana section for further insights:

Explore Montana on a Budget
Air Quality in Montana
Montana’s COVID-19 Statistics
Montana’s Travel Constraints
Accessing Webcams in Montana
https://www.montana.edu/ufm/engineeringutilities/2022_Water_Quality.html
https://deq.mt.gov/water/Programs/dw
https://mbmggwic.mtech.edu/sqlserver/v11/help/reports/WQStandards.asp
https://deq.mt.gov/water/Programs/dw-rules

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Can You Drink Tap Water In Morocco?

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Morocco is a beautiful country, known for its stunning landscapes and rich culture. It’s also home to some of the freshest water sources in the world. With an abundance of natural springs and mountain streams, it’s no surprise that many locals rely on tap water as their primary source of hydration. But can tourists drink this tap water while traveling around Morocco? This article will explore this question in greater depth. We’ll look at where the water comes from, who regulates it, and whether or not it’s safe to drink. We’ll also provide some tips on how to stay safe when visiting Morocco by providing some insight into the available options for filtering your own drinking water. Finally, we’ll answer the question of whether bottled water is a safer alternative when traveling through Morocco.

Where Does The Tap Water In Morocco Come From?

Most of the drinking water in Morocco is sourced from seven rivers originating mainly in the Atlas Mountains , along with dams and groundwater. 69% of this water is sourced from these rivers and dams, while 31% comes from groundwater. The seven rivers are the Loukkos River, the Moulouya River, the Sebou River, the Bou Regreg River, the Oum Er-Rbia River, the Tensift River, and the Souss-Massa-Drâa basin. These rivers provide an important source of potable water for Morocco’s population.

Where does tap water come from in Morocco?

However, Morocco is forecasted to receive less rainwater in future years which means that there may not be enough natural sources to meet its increasing demand for water. To overcome this challenge, Morocco has begun looking towards the desalination of seawater as a sustainable solution to supply its growing needs for drinking water, industry, and mining. While it may be possible to drink tap water in some parts of Morocco where there are reliable infrastructure systems in place for supplying safe drinking water; caution should still be exercised when consuming tap water due to potential contamination risks from other sources such as industrial waste or sewage runoff.

Who Regulates The Tap Water In Morocco?

Regulatory oversight of tap water in Morocco is primarily conducted by the Ministry of Public Health, ONEP , and the National Office for Drinking Water. These organizations are responsible for overseeing quality control for drinking water supply networks in urban areas and rural municipalities. To ensure that the public has access to safe drinking water, they plan, build, and operate treatment facilities that transport the primary sources such as reservoirs and canals to local companies or directly to end users. Additionally, these organizations also monitor wastewater management.

Moreover, sixteen autonomous inter-communal state-owned companies are placed under the Ministry of Interior and supervised by a Directorate for state-owned services. These companies take charge of distributing water among municipalities and ensuring it meets certain standards set by their regulatory bodies. Therefore, with an effective system of regulation in place backed up by competent authorities like ONEP and the Ministry Of Public Health, people can be assured that tap water in Morocco is drinkable safely.

Is The Tap Water In Morocco Safe To Drink?

The official stance is that the quality of tap water in Morocco is safe for locals, however, trust in it has been undermined by incidents of contamination. For foreigners, it is advisable to drink mineral water, to avoid any doubts. The government has been slow to react and often lacked transparency in communication regarding water quality issues. Reports have highlighted elevated levels of nitrates as a potential health risk over time. To ensure safe drinking water, it is important to take steps to monitor and maintain the public water systems:

Regularly test for contaminants
Improve infrastructure and maintenance protocols
Increase public awareness about water safety
Identify and reduce sources of pollution that can contaminate water.

Is the tap water safe to drink in Morocco

Based on the potential water quality issues in Morocco a water filter is definitely a good idea. There are lots of alternatives out there ranging from expensive under-the-sink reverse osmosis to cheap Brita carafes.

What’s The Best Water Filter For Tap Water in Morocco?

Given the potential for water contamination in Morocco, there is a need to consider the most effective method of filtration to ensure safe drinking water. A high-quality activated carbon filter such as EcoPro by TAPP Water is one of the best options for this purpose, as it can remove substances like chlorine by-products, pesticides, herbicides, nitrates, and other contaminants from industrial spillage and pipe corrosion. Activated carbon filters are also known to be superior when it comes to improving taste and odor. These filters come in several types such as under-the-sink reverse osmosis systems or Brita carafe pitchers. The latter may be more cost-effective but offer less filtration performance than an under-the-sink system. To make sure that tap water in Morocco is safe to drink, making sure you have a good quality filter installed is essential for both safety and improved taste.

Is Bottled Water Safe To Drink In Morocco?

Consumers should be aware that bottled water may not necessarily provide the same safety assurances as tap water in Morocco. Though it is often assumed to be a safer source of drinking water than tap, many international brands of bottled water have been found to contain microplastics, hormones, and heavy metals. This means that even if one does not trust the safety of tap water in Morocco, they may still be at risk with bottled alternatives. Furthermore, bottled water can be up to 100 times more expensive than tap or filtered tap water. This cost difference adds up quickly and puts an additional strain on household budgets without providing any additional benefits. Additionally, the need for storage and disposal of large amounts of plastic bottles has environmental repercussions as well.

The tap water in Morocco is not ideal for drinking. Although various regulatory agencies are in place, the quality of the water can still be a concern due to factors such as pollution and aging infrastructure. For this reason, it is beneficial to purchase a water filter or drink bottled water when in Morocco. A good option for a filter would be one that utilizes reverse osmosis technology which efficiently removes contaminants from water. Additionally, it is important to ensure that any bottled water purchased has been stored correctly and remains sealed until consumption; otherwise, there is no guarantee of its purity. Ultimately, while tap water may be available throughout the country, it is wise to err on the side of caution and invest in a reliable filtration system or opt for bottled water instead.

Generally speaking, tap water in Morocco is not very safe for Tourists to drink in Morocco. Therefore, it is advisable to drink mineral water instead.

You can use the Tap Water in Morocco to brush your teeth, just make sure you don’t drink it.

Tap water in Chefchaouen comes from the surrounding landscapes and it is in general safe to drink for foreigners and locals alike.

The water in Marrakech comes from clean sources, however, it is advisable to drink bottled mineral water to avoid any doubts.

Yes, you can have ice drinks in Morocco, just make sure the ice comes from mineral water and not tap water.

Bottled mineral water costs around 5 to 7 Moroccan Dirhams per liter in normal shops, however, it can cost up to 15 Moroccan Dirhams in cafes and restaurants.

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Is it safe to drink tap water in vietnam.

Health issues are a part of traveling safely. Vietnam is a developing country in a tropical area with many chances of catching diseases. Before going to Vietnam, it is advised to see if there are any current epidemics there, like viral hemorrhagic fever, especially during hot and humid summers. You may also worry about food and drink safety in Vietnam. Please read our guide on Vietnam water to learn about the safety of using tap water in Vietnam.

Vietnam Water Supply

Contamination of water is still a challenge for the government. The water has a high level of E. Coli, ammonia, and arsenic that can affect your health differently. Even the bottled water manufactured by shady and unlicensed water firms has a certain amount of contamination; these factories were shut down in a row when the government inspected their manufacturing places. The water supply, sewerage, and waste treatment in urban and rural areas are controlled by many organizations, from the state government to local authorities, agricultural cooperatives, and private enterprises. The state government still holds substantial responsibilities for those activities, but the division between organizations makes quality control, operation, and maintenance hard. Many problems are the result of that.

Check if you need vaccinations for your Vietnam trip

In rural areas, people have less access to pipe water systems. They mostly use groundwater or river water for cooking, bathing, and cleaning. Because of the poor operation and management, there could also be water shortages during the dry season, even in major cities in Vietnam . Inadequate treatment and purifying processes have caused the water to have a high level of chlorine (sometimes above the required standard) and, thus, the smell.

Most Vietnamese don’t drink water directly from the tap because they don’t trust the tap water quality, even in urban areas. Some people also go to the extent that they install water filters and purifiers in their homes to ensure they don’t drink contaminated water.

Water and food from street vendors are other problems for your health. Street vendors usually have a small budget so that they will use water from a cheap supplier, and thus, the water is not suitable for your stomach. If your stomach gets upset quickly, avoiding street vendors you find unhygienic is best.

See How to Avoid Food Poisoning in Vietnam

Common Questions about Water in Vietnam

Can i drink water directly from the tap in vietnam.

No, do not drink tap water in Vietnam under any circumstances.

It is highly recommended that you always boil the water before drinking to avoid travelers’ diarrhea. It should be safe to bring the water to boiling point for about one minute. However, if you are in rural areas where old water pipes may contaminate the water supply, it is best to use bottled water for drinking, cooking, and rinsing.

A bottle of water costs only about VND 10,000 . It is best to buy one from supermarkets, convenience stores or hotels. Before drinking, check the seal and the bottle for signs of damage or opening; you should only drink from one with a proper seal.

Can I Brush My Teeth with Tap Water in Vietnam?

In the urban area, yes. Rinsing or brushing your teeth with tap water in Vietnam is fine, as long as you don’t swallow much of it.

In the rural areas, maybe no. If you have bottled water or boiled water available, use them.

Can I Bathe or Swim in Vietnam?

In the urban, yes. In the rural areas, maybe no.

If you find the water, for example, in the streams, canals, or pools and tubs, is not treated well – has a smell, weird color, and weird objects, it is best to avoid swimming or bathing in there. You may get skin irritation problems.

Can I Have Ice in Vietnam?

Yes and no.

Yes, if you know that the water source to make the ice is safe enough to drink, boiled or bottled. If it is tap water, you should avoid using ice. Many stores try to save money by doing this, so read the reviews about food safety before eating at any restaurant.

Tips for Staying Safe When Using Water in Vietnam

Go to the doctor before traveling for a general check-up and see if you need to bring particular medicines.
Check the tap water quality at your hotel for the color, smell, etc., and see any construction sites nearby. If there are, the tap water may be infected.
Always drink bottled, boiled, purified, or pasteurized water.
Always store water in case of water shortage.
If you run out of bottled water, in major cities like Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, and Da Nang, you can boil the tap water with an electric kettle. It is then safe enough to drink.
In rural areas, filter the water with a water filter machine or settle the water in a clean container and then boil the filtered/settled water. You can also use chemical disinfectants or ultraviolet light. But you still need to filter when using chemical disinfectants and boil them in both cases. Ensure you follow the instructions thoroughly because the latter two methods can affect your health.

Bring medicine and activated charcoal. Activated charcoal can help with digestive cleansing and water filtration.

Check out these activated charcoal brands

Buy refrigerated beverages instead of putting the ice cube in the drink.
Never leave your drink or food to strangers or unattended because they might be drugged.
Make sure the bottled water you buy still has its seal and no signs of damage.
Bring alcohol-based hand sanitizer to wash your hands before eating and cooking. Carrying around a small bottle of Purell Hand Sanitizer can come in handy.
Use bottled water to wash your contact lens and injuries to prevent an allergy and infection. You can also use eye drops and lens solutions for your lens.

How to Deal with Travelers’ Diarrhea

Many factors can cause travelers’ diarrhea, but it usually comes from consuming contaminated food and water. Make sure to follow the above drink/food safety tips in Vietnam. However, if you, unfortunately, get travelers’ diarrhea, you can check out the below tips to deal with it.

STAY HYDRATED. It is essential to make up for the amount of water you lose when having travelers’ diarrhea because it could endanger your survival.
Drink alkaline ionized water to make up for the minerals you lose. Remember to buy the sealed and bottled ones.
Eat and drink warm food that can slow diarrhea, like rice, bananas, apples, and tea.
Have yogurts or probiotics drink (the easiest to find in Vietnam is Yakult).
It is best to let out all of the toxic insides of your stomach when you have travelers’ diarrhea. However, if you need to keep it under control, you can take Imodium. Read the instructions carefully, and do not use more than the recommended dose because it might be fatal.

For more details and tips, you can check out an article from the NY Times .

Hospitals and Pharmacies in Vietnam

Usually, each hospital will have pharmacies located near the gates or on the ground floor. You should go to hospitals for a check-up if there are any signs of diarrhea. Get to the hospital as early as possible because you may have to wait in a long line. Check-up hours: 7 AM – 4 PM (Mon-Fri); after that, you may be charged an out-of-office-hour fee.

Read more about the Healthcare System in Vietnam

The hospitals below will have English-speaking staff that can assist tourists in case of emergency

FV Hospital

Address: 6 Nguyen Luong Bang Street, District 7 https://www.fvhospital.com/

Address: 2 Tran Cao Van Street, District 1 https://en.vinmec.com/international-hospitals-clinics/

Victoria Healthcare

Address: 20 Dinh Tien Hoang Street, District 1 https://www.victoriavn.com

American International Hospital

Address: 2 Bac Nam Street, Thu Duc City (District 2) https://aih.com.vn/

Most pharmacies in Vietnam don’t open 24/7, so it is advisable to prepare some medicines in advance, if possible. You can also order the medicines on these pharmacies websites or apps and have them delivered.

Pharmacity: https://www.pharmacity.vn/
Long Chau: h ttps://nhathuoclongchau.com.vn/

Final Thoughts on Is It Safe to Drink Tap Water in Vietnam?

Tap water in Vietnam is safe depending on where it is provided and what purposes you use it for. In urban areas, it is safe to use for bathing, cleaning, rinsing, and cooking, so you have to boil it before drinking it. In rural areas, it is safer to use boiled or bottled water. Some advice that you need to remember: 1) check the water quality before consuming/using it, 2) avoid food and drink that you find poorly processed and unhygienic, 3) stay hydrated and make up for the minerals you lose when having diarrhea, and 4) go to the hospitals for a check-up and buy medicine at their pharmacies. Follow these rules to keep yourself healthy and safe when traveling in Vietnam.

For food and water safety tips, read the guides from the Government of Canada and the U.S. Department of State .

More Vietnam Travel Guides

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Home / Blog / Destination / Italy / Rome / A Primer on Tap Water in Rome

A Primer on Tap Water in Rome

We’re not kidding—water is a cultural object in rome, and there’s a whole etiquette on how to drink it. .

When one drives into Rome from the surrounding countryside, one is greeted by a series of still-standing aqueducts. Their iconic shape—linked, multi-level arches—serves as a reminder of how important they were, and still are, to the city.

Without a consistent supply of fresh water, Rome could not have grown into a metropolis. Even today, the Acqua Vergine still delivers fresh water from the hills into Rome and fountains like the Trevi.

As you can see, Rome is a city with a particularly intimate relationship to water. But one can, incredibly, commit a water faux pas in Rome. Here’s a brief primer on tap water in Rome, and how to drink water like a Roman.

A complete guide to drinking tap water in Rome

Photo credit: gérard , Text Overlay: Devour Rome Food Tours

1. Tap Water

Let’s get the easy one out of the way. Tap water in Rome is perfectly safe to drink. Punto e basta .

But does that mean you can always drink it? Not at all. I remember the day I first moved to Rome, and while I was settling in with new roommates, I grabbed a glass and went to the tap to fill it up. My roommates gave me a look as if I had just dipped my glass in the toilet. In Italian households, it’s considered uncouth to offer people water from the tap, even though it’s perfectly drinkable, and therefore everyone has a bottle or two in their fridge of still and/or sparkling water.

In restaurants, this is also true (more on that below). However, there’s an exception. At a bar, if you ask for a glass of water, you usually receive tap water. The glass is allowed to overflow for a second, apparently to clean the glass. Why tap water is virtually forbidden at restaurants but omnipresent at bars is one of those little mysteries of Italian life.

2. Bottled Water

Italians are famously particular about foods. A certain brand of coffee, a specific breed of tomato, the bread from that one bakery. This carries over to bottled water. Walk into any supermarket, and you’ll see a dozen varieties. Different brands, from different sources, and different levels of fizz. Everyone has their own favorite.

At restaurants, when you sit down, the waiter will ask what type of water you’d like. The choices are naturale (alternatively called liscia ) and frizzante (also called gassata ). The former is flat, the latter sparkling. Either way, a big, cold bottle will arrive at the table.

A few restaurants have their own filtration systems, with buttons to produce naturale and frizzante , but most places serve water in glass bottles. This is true everywhere , from a pizzeria to a Michelin-starred establishment . The only downside to this system is that you have to pay for each individual bottle (usually about €2), which can add up on a summer night with a big group that’ll guzzle down a bottle per person.

Pouring a bottle of sparkling water into a glass

3. Fountains and Nasoni

If you walk into a bar, tobacconist or mini-market, you can usually find a fridge full of plastic bottles of water. But fortunately, Rome is full of absolutely free, drinkable, clean water from fountains. There are two types.

In Ancient Rome, most people got their water directly from fountains fed by those aqueducts I mentioned before. Rome is still full of such fountains. On many streets, especially in the center of town, there will be a sink-like fountain attached to the wall, which still spouts water. You can use them to fill up a water bottle, no problem. And you don’t need to know which ones have drinkable water—it’s the opposite. Fountain water in Rome is assumed to be drinkable, unless the fountain has a sign saying acqua non potabile .

The most iconic drinking fountain of Rome, though, is the nasone . Meaning “big nose,” these are hydrant-shaped metal tubes which are connected to a pipe beneath the street, and continuously spout water from a slender faucet. In the older parts of the city, they’re omnipresent. Romans use them for everything—filling up a bottle, washing hands, or placing a dog bowl beneath the stream of water so that the cane can have a drink.

But there’s a trick to drinking from a nasone if you don’t have a bottle. The metal tap has a tiny hole drilled on the top, horizontal part, before the tube curves downwards and the water splashes onto the ground. Plug up the main hole of the tap with your finger, and the water will squirt vertically through the small hole, creating a little water fountain for you. It might seem strange at first, but drinking from a nasone is one of those experiences that makes you truly feel like you’re connected to the city. With the water splattering on your shoes and running down your chin, you couldn’t be anywhere else in the world.

Is it safe to drink the tap water in Europe?

Recently updated on April 23rd, 2024 at 04:51 pm

Drinking contaminated water is an easy way to get sick whilst travelling, no naturally many travellers are cautious. However, instead of creating a hard and fast rule that you are best to avoid tap water in Europe, know that in many countries, including all Western European countries, the water is perfectly safe to drink. So, save on buying and using plastic bottles and bring along a reusable water bottle on your trip instead. You can fill this up at the start of each day and feel good that you are saving on plastic and pennies.

Many countries including the UK, Italy, Germany and Belgium also offer public taps nationwide, giving you the chance to fill up on the go. A word of warning however – avoid filling up your bottle in decorative fountains, as this water can be unsafe.

European countries where the tap water is safe to drink:

The following are all the places where you can drink tap water in Europe risk free, if you are thinking of doing a Europe tour …

Czech Republic

Greece (except the islands)

Lichtenstein

Netherlands

Switzerland

United Kingdom

Vatican City

RELATED CONTENT: 27 reasons why a trip to Europe is good for the soul

Where should you exercise caution?

Despite most of Europe offering safe drinking water, there are some destinations where you should exercise caution. This is not so much due to water being contaminated, but rather that you have not develop immunity to the water in the same way as the locals have. The destinations to avoid drinking tap water in Europe are the following:

Bosnia and Herzegovina

The Greek Islands

What to do if the water is unsafe to drink?

The easy solution here is to simply buy bottled water, however doing this will mean having to use single use plastics – something we all know to avoid. The good news is there are now many ways to filter water on the go. Consider investing in a smart water bottle that has an advanced filtration system, or simpler still, a filter straw .

Do you have a reusable water you swear by, that you bring on all your travels? Share your tips and recommendations in the comments…

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Is Barcelona Tap Water Safe to Drink? (Get The Facts)

When you’re packing for Barcelona, you might wonder if you need to include a water bottle or if the tap water is safe to drink. It’s a common question for travelers, and rightly so, because who wants to worry about water safety on vacation?

Well, I’ve been living in Spain and have spent a good chunk of time in Barcelona, so I’ve got the lowdown on the tap water situation.

So, really, is Barcelona tap water safe to drink? In this article, I’ll take you through what the local authorities and health experts say, in addition to sharing some practical tips from my own experience.

Key takeaway: Tap water in Barcelona is safe to drink but the taste is honestly terrible.

So here’s what I use to filter tap water to improve the taste and quality:

(For visitors) This Brita filtered water bottle for drinking water on the go. It does a seriously good job of improving the taste of the tap water here, and it’s insulated too, which means your water stays cool.
(For living here) This Waterdrop stainless steel faucet filter in my kitchen . It’s not just easy on the eyes (which is important when it’s sitting out on your bench!) but does a great job making the water taste better.
(Also for if you live here) This Philips Shower Filter in my bathroom for helping to reduce the stuff that might not be too great for your hair and skin. It’s genuinely resulted in a noticeable difference, especially for my hair.

Table of Contents

Is Barcelona Tap Water Safe to Drink?

Yes, the tap water in Barcelona is safe to drink, with the city having some of the highest quality drinking water globally. The Ministerio de Sanidad, which assesses all of Spain’s drinking water, has declared that Barcelona’s tap water aligns with EU and World Health Organization standards.

This means that you can confidently drink water from your home tap in Barcelona without any concern about getting sick.

When you’re out and about on hikes or meandering through parks, you’ll come across drinking fountains dotted throughout public areas. This water is perfectly safe for consumption, and there are even designated taps for dogs so every family member can quench their thirst.

(And if you’re looking for a nearby fountain, here’s a great travel hack for Barcelona for you: there’s a handy app, Fonts BCN , to guide you.)

However, to put it very diplomatically, you might find the taste and odor of Barcelona’s water less appealing. To be less gentle about it, and in my honest opinion: the tap water in Barcelona tastes pretty terrible.

This is mainly due to the chlorine content . Though completely safe for drinking, the presence of chlorine in Barcelona’s tap water due to the water treatment process gives a strong and occasionally off-putting flavor to the water.

In addition to chlorine, the water in Barcelona contains substantial levels of minerals such as potassium and magnesium. This is due to the water’s journey, passing through mineral-rich river rocks before reaching your faucet.

In fact, the water is so hard here that if you stay in Barcelona long term, you may actually notice having hair or skin dryness after some time – and, more often than not, the high mineral content in the tap water is likely to blame.

Nevertheless, the city is home to one of Europe’s most sophisticated water treatment facilities, the estación de tratamiento de agua potable in San Joan Despi, which plays a pivotal role in ensuring the water’s safety for public consumption.

Despite these assurances and stringent regulations, many people in Barcelona still prefer the taste and perceived purity of bottled mineral water over tap.

Alternatives to Tap Water in Barcelona

If you’re not a fan of the taste of Barcelona’s tap water (and, honestly, who is), you might want to consider a water bottle with a filter. I’ve been using a filtered water bottle when I’m on the go here, and it’s been pretty handy.

Specifically, I love this Brita filtered water bottle when I’m in Barcelona. It does a solid job of clearing out that less-than-ideal tap water taste, and it’s insulated too, which means your water stays cool.

Not to mention that it’s BPA-free with a neat built-in straw, which is just icing on the cake!

Now, bottled water is always there if you need it, but I wouldn’t recommend it. Even though many locals choose to use bottled water, as we should all know by now, it’s not the best for our planet (or your pocket, for that matter).

For those planning to stick around in Barcelona for a while, I use this Waterdrop stainless steel faucet filter in my kitchen . It’s not just easy on the eyes (which is important when it’s sitting out on your bench!) but does a great job making the water taste better.

This filter uses a 5-stage system, getting rid of stuff like sediment, a good chunk of chlorine, and even some heavy metals. The result is cleaner and fresher tasting water right from your tap.

Tap water refilling a glass of water in Barcelona tap water safe to drink.

About showering, if you’re staying long-term, I’ve noticed a real difference in my hair and skin after installing this Philips Shower Filter . It’s not something tourists will need as you’re not here long enough for this to be a problem.

But, for me, after a few months of living in Valencia (where I live now and which has a near-identical hard water issue to Barcelona), my hair and skin really struggled with dryness.

This filter, with its 3-step system, helps reduce the stuff that might not be too great for your hair and skin. It’s genuinely resulted in a noticeable difference, especially for my hair.

Do Locals Drink Tap Water in Barcelona?

Yes, locals in Barcelona drink tap water. However, while the water is deemed safe for consumption according to official standards, the taste and mineral content can deter some residents. For this reason, many residents opt to drink bottled water at home instead.

The unique taste, thanks to chlorine and minerals, means some people are okay with it, while others, not so much. That’s why some locals lean towards filtered or bottled water just for that smoother taste.

Regardless, it’s worth noting that the majority of the city’s inhabitants use tap water for cooking, showering and other household chores without hesitation.

Personally? When it comes to what to avoid in Barcelona , for me, drinking straight from the tap is right up there just because of the taste. A water bottle with a filter easily fixes this though.

Where Does Barcelona’s Water Come From?

Barcelona’s tap water primarily originates from two rivers: the Ter and the Llobregat. Additionally, the city boasts one of Europe’s most substantial desalinization plants, capable of meeting up to 20% of its demand and which was built as a response to the water shortage in 2008.

Unfortunately, however, its operation has been limited due to the high costs associated with running it.

The Llobregat River, contributing the lion’s share of Barcelona’s water, passes through a notably salty region around Súria. This journey infuses the water with significant amounts of minerals, including potassium, magnesium, and carbonates.

Interestingly, while Llobregat water is actually palatable before reaching Súria, it becomes notably saltier post this point. Furthermore, pollution from industries and farmlands frequently finds its way into the river.

Thankfully, robust water treatment procedures, including osmosis, effectively eliminate these pollutants and most of the salt. At the same time, the necessary inclusion of high chlorine levels to ensure the water remains contamination-free en route to your tap plays a role in the distinctive taste.

Historically, after the Spanish Civil War and up to the point when Spain joined the European Union in 1986, the country’s water infrastructure received minimal investment. This scenario dramatically shifted post-1986, with Spain benefiting from over 21 billion Euros in EU funding, enabling it to overhaul and upgrade its water infrastructure.

As a result, Spain now boasts one of the best water systems globally. In addition, at the moment, Spain has more than 1,200 artificial dams and reservoirs, the highest in Europe.

Why Does Barcelona’s Tap Water Taste So Bad?

The taste of Barcelona’s tap water is, let’s say, distinct. Much of this taste is attributed to the Llobregat River, which journeys through a particularly salty region near Súria. As a result, the water becomes “hard” due to the absorption of numerous minerals.

Adding to this mineral-laden profile, Barcelona’s drinking water undergoes chlorine treatment. This procedure is crucial for ensuring sanitation and neutralizing potential pathogens. However, it’s this very chlorine that’s believed to add to the water’s distinct taste when drawn directly from the tap.

While it meets regulatory safety standards, its unique flavor often pushes many residents towards bottled water. Interestingly, the taste can actually vary across the city, with some areas also receiving water from the less mineralized River Ter. While this isn’t a health concern, it’s an acquired taste for many.

So, while the tap water in Barcelona is safe, your taste buds might take a moment to adjust.

Water Shortage in Barcelona

Barcelona, like much of Spain, is grappling with a severe water shortage due to an enduring drought. This drought is particularly pronounced in Catalonia, marking it as the worst the region has seen in a century. The immediate impact is evident in Catalonia’s countryside, especially within the agricultural sector, but Barcelona isn’t exempt from its effects either.

This drought situation raises significant concerns for the future. If conditions don’t show improvement, the Catalonia Water Agency might declare an emergency phase for the Llobregat River come September.

Typically, April showers play a pivotal role in replenishing the depleted water reservoirs and wells. However, April 2023 broke records, unfortunately, as the driest month so far, exacerbating the already precarious situation by further depleting water reserves.

Refilling a glass of water in tap is one of the best answer to a question. Is Barcelona tap water safe to drink.

Water Restrictions in Barcelona

Barcelona is currently in “ Stage 3: Exceptionality ” of the drought alert protocol. This stage places significant limitations on water consumption for a variety of services, including maintenance of green spaces, decorative fountains, swimming pools, and street and vehicle cleaning.

These restrictions aren’t limited to personal consumption, as they also encompass public services, like street cleaning and fountain operation. That said, there’s actually been a silver lining for street cleaning services, which have transitioned from 80% groundwater usage to 100%.

Overstepping these water usage limits could lead to hefty fines for municipalities, as stipulated by a law passed by the Catalan government.

Refilling a glass of water in tap. One of the best to do in Barcelona tap water safe to drink.

At the time of writing this article, it’s crucial to note that Catalonia’s water reserves stand at a worrying 20% – just to give you an idea of why this is such a major cause for concern in Barcelona and the wider region and why these restrictions are so needed.

You may not notice this much if you’re just here for a few days, with the possible exception of the Magic Fountain in Montjuïc which, as you can see on the official government site , isn’t able to run until the water restrictions are lifted.

However, you should keep this in mind when visiting Barcelona to do your best to take any possible measures to help with this. Things like taking shorter showers and reusing towels at your hotel are all steps in the right direction.

Can Tourists Drink Tap Water in Barcelona?

Yes, tourists can safely drink the tap water in Barcelona. However, you might find the taste a bit off-putting due to the mineral content and chlorination. While the tap water is completely safe for consumption, its unique flavor might take a bit to get used to.

Barcelona’s tap water undergoes a rigorous purification process, ensuring it meets the safety standards for consumption. The off-taste, attributed to the minerals picked up from the Llobregat River and the added chlorine for purification, is the primary reason many locals and visitors opt for bottled water.

Nevertheless, if you’re traveling on a budget or just want to reduce plastic consumption, you can comfortably drink tap water. As a pro-tip, carrying a filtered water bottle ( like my preferred filtered water bottle here ) can help improve the taste and make it more palatable for you.

Do Restaurants in Barcelona Serve Tap Water?

If you request water at most restaurants in Barcelona, they’ll typically serve you bottled water. But here’s a little-known fact: by law in Spain, if you specifically ask for tap water, restaurants are obliged to provide it free of charge.

Bottles of water in restaurant in Barcelona tap water safe to drink.

So, yes, you can get tap water in restaurants, but remember, it’ll come with that distinctive taste many find unappealing.

This means that the next time you’re dining out in Barcelona and wish to avoid the extra charge on bottled water, don’t hesitate to specifically request tap water (“ agua del grifo ”). Just be prepared for that distinct taste, which might contrast with the delicious flavors of your meal.

Can You Brush Your Teeth with Tap Water in Barcelona?

Absolutely! It’s perfectly safe to brush your teeth with tap water in Barcelona. Given that Barcelona’s tap water meets the safety standards for drinking, there’s no need to use bottled water for typical uses like bruising your teeth.

The taste might be different from what you’re used to, but when it comes to oral hygiene, there’s no risk involved.

Can You Ask for Tap Water in Barcelona?

Yes, you can! If you’re at a restaurant in Barcelona and you request tap water, they are legally required to provide it to you at no cost. So, not only can you ask for it, but you can also enjoy it without spending a penny.

While Barcelona’s tap water might not win any taste awards, it’s completely safe to drink. The unique flavor, often attributed to its mineral content and the added chlorine, might not be to everyone’s liking, but it’s absolutely safe for consumption.

These lady is drinking tap water in barcelona.

So when dining out in the city, feel empowered to request “ agua del grifo ” without hesitation. Just remember to be specific in your request to ensure you’re not inadvertently served (and billed for) bottled water.

Can You Have Ice in Barcelona?

Yes, you can safely enjoy ice in Barcelona since the tap water used to make it is safe to drink. However, while it’s common to be offered ice with drinks like sodas, it’s not the standard practice to serve water with loads of ice.

This means that if you’re expecting a glass filled with ice like you might get in the US, you might be in for a surprise.

At the same time, if you’re someone who loves their beverages extra chilly, don’t shy away from asking for more ice. Just keep in mind that a chilled drink in Barcelona might not always mean an icy one.

Is Water Free at Restaurants in Barcelona?

If you ask for water at most restaurants in Barcelona, they’ll likely serve you bottled water, which you’ll have to pay for. But if you specifically request tap water, Spanish law mandates that they provide it free of charge. The trade-off, of course, is that you’ll have to adjust to its distinct taste.

Dining in Barcelona is definitely an experience but when it comes to hydrating, you have choices. If you’re looking to save a few euros or reduce plastic consumption, specifically ask for tap water.

After all, who doesn’t enjoy a more sustainable dining experience! Just remember, while it’s safe to drink, the tap water’s flavor might be, shall we say, an acquired taste.

Anna is the founder of Spain Inspired, where she shares insider tips and hidden gems to inspire thousands of visitors each month to take the road less traveled and explore Spain like a local. Having lived in Spain for some time now, Anna's made it her mission to help fellow travelers experience the very best of this stunning country - with some great wine and tapas along the way, ideally!

Is it safe to drink tap water in India?

We don't recommend drinking tap water in India , as it's just not worth the risk (or the stomach cramps). India is notorious among travelers for sickness – waterborne diseases are common due to bacterial contamination in public water, including E. coli and typhoid.

As a general rule, avoid drinks with ice and foods that haven’t been cooked or peeled. This means salad is off the menu for now! Some hotels and restaurants may have a water purifier installed, but you should always ask the staff if it's safe before guzzling down a glass of tap water.

The general advice is to stick to bottled or canned mineral water instead. However, single-use plastic bottles contribute to a massive environmental problem, so we recommend bringing a reusable water bottle with purification technology, and/or some water purification tablets with you. Brands like Steripen sterilize water using UV, while bottles like those from Sawyer remove 99% of all bacteria using an in-built foam purifier.

Your Intrepid leader, if you’re traveling on an India tour, can also help you find safe drinking water to refill your bottle throughout the day.

Another delicious and hydrating solution is drinking from fresh young coconuts, which are abundant (and cheap!) throughout the country.

Here are the best practices to follow when it comes to drinking water in India:

Avoid using tap water to brush your teeth
Try not to open your mouth in the shower
Avoid eating salads and uncooked fruits and vegetables – eat fruits that have to be peeled, like bananas
Buy a special water bottle that can purify tap water
Bring plenty of oral rehydration tablets or sachets in case you come down with diarrhea or stomach upset
Drink fresh coconut water

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E.P.A. Says ‘Forever Chemicals’ Must Be Removed From Tap Water

The rule applies to a family of chemicals known as PFAS that are linked to serious health effects. Water utilities argue the cost is too great.

A close-up image of a shiny metal faucet with water pouring from it.

By Lisa Friedman

For the first time, the federal government is requiring municipal water systems to remove six synthetic chemicals linked to cancer and other health problems that are present in the tap water of hundreds of millions of Americans.

The extraordinary move from the Environmental Protection Agency mandates that water providers reduce perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, known collectively as PFAS, to near-zero levels. The compounds, found in everything from dental floss to firefighting foams to children’s toys, are called “forever chemicals” because they never fully degrade and can accumulate in the body and the environment.

The chemicals are so ubiquitous that they can be found in the blood of almost every person in the United States. A 2023 government study of private wells and public water systems detected PFAS chemicals in nearly half the tap water in the country .

Exposure to PFAS has been associated with metabolic disorders, decreased fertility in women, developmental delays in children and increased risk of some prostate, kidney and testicular cancers, according to the E.P.A .

Michael S. Regan, the E.P.A. administrator, called the new regulation “life changing.”

“This action will prevent thousands of deaths and reduce tens of thousands of serious illnesses,” Mr. Regan said on a call with reporters on Tuesday. He described the rule as the most significant action the federal government has ever taken to reduce PFAS exposure in drinking water.

“We are one huge step closer to finally shutting off the tap on forever chemicals once and for all,” he said.

The E.P.A. estimated it would cost water utilities about $1.5 billion annually to comply with the rule, though utilities maintain that the costs could be twice that amount and are worried about how to fund it. States and local governments have successfully sued some manufacturers of PFAS for contaminating drinking water supplies, but the settlements awarded to municipalities have been dwarfed by the costs of cleaning up the chemicals, municipal officials said.

Industry executives say taxpayers will ultimately foot the bill in the form of increased water rates.

The 2021 bipartisan infrastructure law provides $9 billion to help communities address PFAS contamination and the E.P.A. said $1 billion of that money would be set aside to help states with initial testing and treatment.

Mr. Regan announced the regulation on Wednesday in Fayetteville, N.C., near the site where, in 2017, a Chemours chemical plant discharged water contaminated with PFAS into the Cape Fear River, making the local drinking water unsafe.

Mr. Regan, who previously served as North Carolina’s top environmental regulator, oversaw the Cape Fear PFAS investigation at the time and forced Chemours to clean up the air, soil and water in the lower Cape Fear River basin communities.

In 2022, the E.P.A. found the chemicals could cause harm at levels “much lower than previously understood” and that almost no level of exposure was safe.

Under the new rule from the E.P.A., water utilities must monitor supplies for PFAS chemicals and would be required to notify the public and reduce contamination if levels exceeded the new standard of 4 parts per trillion for perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances. Previously, the agency had advised that drinking water contain no more than 70 parts per trillion of the chemicals.

Public water systems have three years to complete their monitoring. If those samples show that levels of PFAS exceed the new E.P.A. standards, the utilities would have another two years to purchase and install equipment designed to filter out PFAS.

In a 2020 peer-reviewed study , scientists at the Environmental Working Group, a nonprofit organization, estimated that more than 200 million Americans had PFAS in their drinking water.

Public health advocates and scientists said the new regulation was overdue.

“A growing body of scientific research shows that PFAS chemicals are more harmful to human health than previously thought, and at extremely low levels,” said Anna Reade, director of PFAS advocacy at the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental group.

In just the past year, more than a dozen peer-reviewed studies have found evidence of additional health effects of PFAS exposure, including a delay in the onset of puberty in girls, leading to a higher incidence of breast cancer, renal disease, and thyroid disease; a decrease in bone density in teenagers, potentially leading to osteoporosis; and an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes in women.

Dr. Susan M. Pinney, the director of the Center for Environmental Genetics at the University of Cincinnati, led a longitudinal study of young girls who had been exposed to PFAS after an industrial plant in West Virginia released the chemicals into the Ohio River.

She called the number of people exposed to PFAS around the country “mind boggling.”

Robert A. Bilott, an attorney who has spent more than two decades litigating the hazardous dumping of PFAS chemicals, said he had alerted the E.P.A. to the dangers posed by the chemicals in drinking water as early as 2001. “It has taken far too long to get to this point, but the scientific facts and truth about the health threat posed by these man-made poisons have finally prevailed,” Mr. Bilott said.

The E.P.A. calculated the health benefits of the new regulation at about $1.5 billion annually from reductions in cancer, heart attacks and strokes and birth complications.

But Republicans and industry groups, along with many mayors and county executives, said the Biden administration had created an impossible standard that would cost municipal water agencies billions of dollars.

Several questioned E.P.A.’s accounting as well as the science used to develop the new standard.

The American Water Works Association, the Association of Metropolitan Water Agencies and other groups representing water utilities estimated that the cost of monitoring and remediation of PFAS could be as much as $3.2 billion annually. The figure is based on an analysis conducted for the American Water Works Association by Black & Veatch, a firm of consulting engineers.

Communities with limited resources will be hardest hit by the new rule, they said.

“When regulations are set near zero, that is not something manufacturers or water systems can economically achieve,” Brandon Farris, the vice president of energy policy at the National Association of Manufacturers, wrote in a letter to the E.P.A. “Regulations that are not economically achievable will lead to critical substances being manufactured outside of the U.S. where environmental protections are often less stringent.”

Christina Muryn, the mayor of Findlay, Ohio, a town of about 50,000 people, said that, while clean drinking water is an imperative, the E.P.A. was requiring municipalities to meet new mandates without adequate support.

“That is very frustrating to me as a citizen, as a mayor, and as someone who is responsible for our water treatment system,” Ms. Muryn said.

Public health advocates said the costs of the new rule were outweighed by the growing body of evidence of the dangers posed by PFAS.

Widely used since the 1940s, the chemicals are useful in repelling water and oil. Nonstick pans have been most famously associated with PFAS but the chemicals can be found in water-repellent clothes and carpets, certain shampoos, cosmetics and hundreds of other household items.

Lisa Friedman is a Times reporter who writes about how governments are addressing climate change and the effects of those policies on communities. More about Lisa Friedman

The Proliferation of ‘Forever Chemicals’

Pfas, or per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, are hazardous compounds that pose a global threat to human health..

For the first time, the U.S. government is requiring municipal water systems to detect and remove PFAS from drinking water .

A global study found harmful levels of PFAS in water samples taken far from any obvious source of contamination.

Virtually indestructible, PFAS are used in fast-food packaging and countless household items .

PFAS lurk in much of what we eat, drink and use, but scientists are only beginning to understand how they affect our health .

Though no one can avoid forever chemicals entirely, Wirecutter offers tips on how to limit your exposure .

Scientists have spent years searching for ways to destroy forever chemicals. In 2022, a team of chemists found a cheap, effective method to break them down .

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Is It Safe to Drink Tap Water in a Hotel?

Kinga Krzeminska / Getty Images

Key Takeaways

The safety of hotel tap water largely depends on the specific destination you are traveling to.
Tap water in the U.S. is generally safe because it’s regulated by the Safe Drinking Water Act.
If you are unsure about the quality of the tap water in your hotel, experts recommend using portable options such as water filters and purifiers or opting for bottled water.

It’s common to use tap water for daily essentials like brushing your teeth or washing your face, both at home and while you travel.

But should you should drink tap water directly from the bathroom sink in a hotel, or use the water to make a cup of coffee?

Here’s what you need to know about drinking tap water from a hotel and safe alternatives you can rely on during your next trip, according to experts.

The safety of tap water depends mostly on where you are traveling to, but it can also depend on the particular hotel, according to Scott Bartell, PhD, MS , a professor of environmental and occupational health at the University of California Irvine Public Health.

Different countries and regions can have various levels of water quality regulations, infrastructure, and treatment processes. Some hotels might have water purification methods that meet safety standards, while others may have inadequate filtration systems or maintenance practices.

“Hotel water is often as safe as the public water supply where the hotel is located,” Bartell told Verywell in an email. “But some remote hotels have their own private water supplies, which are less regulated.”

In some older hotels, tap water might be contaminated by lead pipes, Bartell added. If there's a boil water advisory at your travel destination, you can ask the hotel for bottled water or boil the tap water before drinking.

Tap water is generally “very safe” in the U.S. because it’s regulated by the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), according to Natalie Exum, PhD , an environmental health scientist at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

“It’s one of the engineering accomplishments of the 20th century to say that we can open up our drinking water tap and not get diarrheal disease when we drink out of that water,” Exum said.

However, the quality of tap water can still vary significantly depending on location, she added. Water treatment practices can differ in different areas, and when water is delivered through property pipelines into hotels, the responsibility for ensuring the water’s quality falls onto the property owner.

What Are The Risks of Drinking Unclean Tap Water?

Drinking tap water that contains unsafe levels of contaminants can lead to certain health issues, including gastrointestinal illness, reproductive problems, and neurological disorders.

Infants, young children, pregnant people, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems may be at a higher risk of becoming ill after drinking contaminated water.

Drinking unclean water may also cause stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, fever, kidney failure, and hepatitis. But the severity of symptoms depends on the type of contaminant, the concentration, the amount of water consumed, the duration of exposure, and an individual’s susceptibility.

“Waterborne diseases can be debilitating and some may cause you to get dehydrated and you may need to go to a clinic,” Exum said. “So you really want to be careful when you’re traveling, not just blindly trust the water that’s coming out of a town because a lot of other countries don’t necessarily have the kind of regulation around their drinking water as we do here in the United States.”

Globally, each year over a million deaths and countless illnesses are attributable to unsafe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene, Bartell added. However, he noted, “most of that burden occurs in developing countries.”

“I expect that the vast majority of U.S. hotels are in populous areas with well-regulated water supplies, so the health risks for healthy domestic travelers are likely very low,” Bartell said.

How Can You Tell If the Tap Water Is Safe for Drinking?

Certain signs may indicate that the tap water is unsafe to drink, according to Exum. If the water appears cloudy or discolored or has visible particles, it might mean that there are issues with the water quality or the plumbing system. If the water has a strong, unpleasant smell or taste, it might have been inadequately treated or contain contaminants.

You can also check the local water quality reports in the area where the hotel is located, or look up any travel health warnings issued by government agencies.

Bartell added that apart from direct water testing, it’s hard to know if the hotel you’re staying at has unsafe drinking water. “Larger public water systems in the U.S. are required to perform microbial and chemical testing on a regular basis, which is the best way to detect problems,” he said.

There are alternatives you can consider if you’re uncomfortable with drinking tap water from a hotel. This includes using portable water filters, purifiers that use UV light technology, purification tablets, and iodine water disinfectants. You may also consider boiling your water, which is the best method to kill viruses, bacteria, and parasites, per the CDC.

“There are water bottles that have reverse osmosis including in the straw themselves. They’re disinfecting it as you sip the water,” Exum said. “They’re not long-term sustainable solutions, but in terms of short-term travel, I would say go for it.”

However, the easiest thing travelers can do is to purchase and drink bottled water when these devices and tools aren’t available.

“There are many portable options for water treatment, designed largely for camping, that travelers could take with them,” Bartell said. “That being said, bottled water is widely available in places with questionable tap water safety, so that’s probably the simplest option for most travelers.”

What This Means For You

Tap water quality largely depends on the region. Prior to drinking tap water in your hotel, experts recommend doing research online regarding drinking water regulations and water quality, especially when traveling abroad. If you are unsure about tap water quality, opt for using portable water filters or drinking bottled water .

World Health Organization. A global overview of national regulations and standards for drinking-water quality, 2nd ed .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Drinking water FAQs .

Environmental Protection Agency. Drinking water .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Avoid contaminated water during travel .

By Alyssa Hui Hui is a health news writer and former TV news reporter. She was the 2020 recipient of the Midwest Broadcast Journalists Association Jack Shelley Award.

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Home » Is Zanzibar’s Tap Water Safe to Drink?

Is Zanzibar’s Tap Water Safe to Drink?

Can you drink the tap water in Zanzibar? Is Zanzibar’s tap water safe to drink? The water may be safe to drink when it leaves the sewage treatment plant, but it may pick up pollutants on the route to your tap, so we always advise taking extra precautions. We prefer to suggest that you get the water quality you want to use from locals, tour guides, or hotel personnel. Additionally, keep in mind that different cities’ water mineral levels vary, some of which may be beneficial to or detrimental to your health.

Travelers should either boil or filter the water using any preservation method available before drinking it or stick to bottled water, which is widely accessible, as tap water is thought to be dangerous to consume.

Zanzibar’s community members drink the chlorinated tap water without experiencing any issues. As a result, unless you intend to stay on the island for an extended period of time and become accustomed to drinking tap water (usually more than a month), it is preferable to continue drinking bottled water. Over the course of the island of Zanzibar , bottled mineral water is commonly accessible.

Any tap water should not be consumed unless you have been given the all-clear information that water is safe to drink. On the whole, you’ll be informed about the water quality and if it’s drinkable at every single lodge and camp you’ll visit while on safari. Most places you visit will give you free access to filtered or bottled water in your hotel or tent.

Only consume bottled water in Zanzibar. Since the island receives its drinking water from the mainland and it is unsafe to ingest, tap water should be avoided. When purchasing fruit and food on the street, caution should be the watchword; it’s better to be safe than sorry.

Aside from the water, the majority of the food in Tanzania is safe to consume. However, avoid eating washed fruits and salads, and always inquire about the source of the water. Avoid eating at hotel buffets and street stalls, as well as food that has been cooked up or that has been sitting around for a while.

The Benefits of Drinking safe Water in your Safari holiday at Zanzibar Island

Help with weight loss

Numerous studies indicate that consuming enough water can aid with weight loss. Water helps your body function more efficiently, eliminates waste, and controls your hunger. Water can also enhance your body’s and stomach’s rate of calorie burning.

It lubricates the joints.

Your joints stay flexible and lubricated when you drink water. The majority of the water we drink each day is made up of synovial fluid, which directly lubricates our joints. By lowering joint friction, this fluid supports the preservation of strong tissues and joints.

It forms saliva and mucus.

Water makes up 98% of saliva. Small sips of water taken throughout the day can greatly reduce the signs and symptoms of dry mouth. The best liquid for your teeth is water, which is also excellent for keeping your body hydrated. Saliva is a viscous, colorless, opalescent fluid that is perpetually present in the mouths of vertebrates, including humans. Water, mucus, proteins, mineral salts, and amylase make up its composition.

It delivers oxygen throughout the body.

The intestines take in the water we drink, and body fluids like blood are then circulated throughout the body as a result. Body fluids carry nutrition and oxygen to the cells while also removing waste products, which are ultimately expelled by urination.

Improves skin health and attractiveness

Enough water consumption will give you healthier skin by hydrating it with moisture and removing skin toxins. Additionally, water helps retain the suppleness of your skin and keeps your body moisturized and rejuvenated.

Cushions the brain, spinal cord, and other sensitive tissues.

Your brain, spinal cord, and other sensitive tissues are protected if you stay hydrated. Dehydration on a regular basis can affect one’s ability to reason and think. Both brain anatomy and function may be impacted. It also has a role in the synthesis of neurotransmitters and hormones.

Regulating body temperature

The body’s water plays a crucial role as a thermoregulatory, controlling body temperature by aiding in heat dissipation. When the body becomes hot, water is lost through sweat, and heat is removed from the body when this sweat evaporates off the skin’s surface. Water is used by our body to produce perspiration, pee, and pass waste. In warm weather, perspiration helps the body maintain a consistent temperature. To replace the fluid our bodies lose through sweat, we drink water, Is Zanzibar’s Tap Water Safe to Drink?

Flushing body waste

By flushing toxins and waste from the body, water also transports nutrients to where they are required. The kidneys employ water to eliminate some waste materials, even if it does not always neutralize poisons. Your kidneys lack the fluid they require to function correctly if you don’t drink enough water.

Keeps blood pressure steady

Your body strives to ensure its fluid supply by maintaining sodium when you don’t drink enough water. Your body uses sodium as a water-safeguard. Your body is compelled by dehydration to gradually and methodically close parts of its capillary beds. Your capillaries and arteries experience increased pressure as a result of some capillary beds closing down, which raises blood pressure.

Majority-Latino city endures years of toxic water in health ‘crisis’

After repeated violations, the state of new mexico has stepped in — but problems are a reminder that safe water is not available to all americans.

SUNLAND PARK, N.M. — Rosana Monge clutched her husband’s death certificate and an envelope of his medical records as she approached the microphone and faced members of the water utility board on a recent Monday in this city in southern New Mexico.

“I have proof here of arsenic tests — positive on him, that were done by the Veterans Administration,” she testified about her husband, whose 2023 records show he had been diagnosed with “exposure to arsenic” before his death in February at age 79. “What I’m asking is for a health assessment of the community.”

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State and federal records show that in each of the last 16 years, drinking water samples tested in this 17,400-person town near the Texas border have contained illegally high levels of arsenic, including in 2016 when levels reached five times the legal limit.

Naturally occurring in the soil in New Mexico, arsenic seeps into the groundwater used for drinking. In water, arsenic has no taste, odor or color — but can be removed with treatment. Over time, it can cause a variety of health problems, including cancer, diabetes and heart disease, endangering the lives of people in this low-income and overwhelmingly Latino community.

The Environmental Protection Agency has assessed Sunland Park’s water operator, the Camino Real Regional Utility Authority (CRRUA), with 120 “violation points” over the last five years, a calculation based both on the number of times the utility has violated federal standards and the level of seriousness of the violations. For utilities serving at least 10,000 people that recently had a health-related violation, the tally was second only to the 182 points collected by Jackson, Miss., where problems with the drinking water earned national attention in 2022. Sunland Park has even more issues the EPA considers unresolved than Jackson.

Anne Nigra, a professor at Columbia University who focuses on the impacts of arsenic-laden water on Latino communities and reviewed the utility’s federally mandated water reports, called the situation in the New Mexico town “a public health crisis.”

Experts who reviewed Joe Monge’s medical records said his levels were elevated but not extraordinarily so. A single lab test, however, cannot measure long-term effects of arsenic exposure, and Rosana Monge, 65, and others in this town are convinced the elevated arsenic levels are responsible for health problems including skin lesions and fetal development complications. Despite their pleas at public meetings and elsewhere, they believe the utility has not been taking the issue seriously.

It is not entirely clear why arsenic has been allowed to seep into the water in Sunland Park year after year, though problems with infrastructure, lax enforcement of regulations and general inattention to the problem appear to be contributing factors.

Fifty years after the Safe Drinking Water Act established legal limits for toxins such as arsenic in Americans’ drinking water, some public health experts and former EPA officials say politics and money have played an outsize role in how the agency determines maximum levels of contaminants allowed in drinking water. What’s more, they say some communities across the country repeatedly exceed those levels: More than 7,400 public utilities reported a violation every quarter for the last three years, according to an analysis of the EPA’s enforcement and compliance database.

Those most impacted, experts say , are low-income areas and communities of color, such as Sunland Park, which is 94 percent Latino. Studies show Latinos are exposed to arsenic in their drinking water at higher rates than any other racial or ethnic group, even when controlling for socioeconomic factors. Similarly, Black Americans are disproportionately impacted by lead contamination in their water.

The resulting picture, experts say, is that the world’s wealthiest nation fails to consistently deliver to all its residents one of the most fundamental necessities for human life: safe drinking water.

“Why haven’t we solved these problems? Because we don’t want to,” said Ronnie Levin, a Harvard professor who was a scientist at the EPA for more than 30 years. “It’s shameful.”

Udell Vigil, a spokesman for Sunland Park’s utility, said in a statement the system is challenged by aging infrastructure, new development in the area and a statewide shortage of certified utility operators. He declined to answer questions about arsenic due to the potential of a lawsuit over the issue.

EPA spokesman Nick Conger said ensuring safe drinking water is a “top priority” for the agency, which is making enforcement of the legal limits a priority, and new federal infrastructure investments will help.

In Sunland Park, residents’ complaints mounted in December when caustic soda, used to treat water for arsenic, was dumped into the water at unsafe levels as a result of what officials said was a plant malfunction. CRRUA’s director abruptly retired, and the state’s environmental agency levied a fine.

“I think they were mismanaging at a significant level,” said John Rhoderick, director of the New Mexico Environmental Department’s water protection division, adding that the system is now “on notice.”

Some residents have now taken the first steps toward filing a lawsuit.

“This is a classic example of government at every level failing to protect public health for an inexcusable period of time,” said Erik Olson, a former attorney for the EPA who is now a senior health strategist and advocate at the Natural Resources Defense Council. “It’s outrageous it has been allowed to continue for well over a decade.”

‘Pressure from industry’

Naturally-occurring arsenic exists in pockets throughout the United States and particularly in the southwest, requiring municipalities to set up treatment plants that use varying techniques and chemicals to separate the arsenic from the water and extract it. The utility serving Sunland Park and the nearby Santa Teresa neighborhood has four such plants.

Because arsenic is completely soluble and easily absorbed by the body, standard tests for water quality sold in stores do not typically detect it, and its range of damage to the human body is expansive. Chronic exposure can cause cancer of the skin, lung and bladder, among other kinds, as well as heart disease. It’s also associated with cognitive impairment, kidney disease, diabetes and lasting harm to fetal development . Ana Navas-Acien, professor of environmental health sciences at Columbia University, called arsenic “one of the most potent carcinogens” found in the environment.

The EPA’s history of regulating arsenic is typical of how the agency has dealt with other water toxins, former EPA officials said. After the Safe Drinking Water Act was first adopted in 1974, the arsenic level was set at 50 parts per billion (ppb) — or 50 micrograms of arsenic per liter of water. Even then, former officials said evidence had emerged from the scientific community demonstrating its detrimental effects on the human body and suggesting public health would be improved by a lower level.

The level was lowered once, in 2001, to 10 ppb, but some experts believe it is still too high.

While the EPA sets federal toxin levels, nearly all states — including New Mexico — bear the responsibility for monitoring public water utilities and flagging violations, officials said. States can also set their own contaminant standards as long as they are not looser than the EPA’s. New Jersey and New Hampshire have the level at 5 ppb for their states, as do some European countries.

“There was a lot of pressure from industry,” said James Elder, who worked at the EPA for 24 years and headed its Office of Groundwater and Drinking Water in the early 1990s, where he advocated for lowering toxin limits. “The history of arsenic is exemplary of how tortuous the process still is in regulating contaminants in drinking water.”

Regularly consuming drinking water with just 3 ppb of arsenic creates a 1 in 1,000 increased risk of bladder or lung cancer, according to a 2001 National Academy of Sciences report. “With carcinogens … there is basically no safe limit,” said Sydney Evans, a senior science analyst at the Environmental Working Group, an environmental research and advocacy group.

Last week, the EPA set a limit for a new drinking water contaminant , known as PFAS or forever chemicals — the first time the agency has set a water standard for a new contaminant since 1996.

A history of water worries

Sunland Park was founded in 1984, a decade after the passage of the Safe Drinking Water Act. Bordering Texas and Mexico, the town lies in stark desert terrain among beige mountains dotted with brush. The city is laid out as a collection of neighborhoods that dot McNutt Road like a string of pearls lying alongside the Mexico border. Cargo trains wind through the tall mountains, as does a multimillion-dollar wall along the international border, erected from private funds raised by an organization chaired by former Trump White House strategist Stephen K. Bannon.

A limestone cross that glimmers in the near-constant sun here sits atop Mount Cristo Rey, a popular mountain for pilgrims in this Catholic-dominant region. It overlooks a city where many residents say they have been concerned about the water for decades.

In the 1980s, the worry was a landfill and its accompanying incinerator that burned medical supply waste from New Mexico and El Paso. The residents said their health suffered from the water and air pollution it created.

Monge and her husband were among a group of more than a hundred residents, called the Concerned Citizens of Sunland Park, who spoke out against a permit for the landfill.

The protesters sold gorditas and other homemade food to pay for trips to the state’s capitol in Santa Fe to protest the permit. They blocked traffic and called for public hearings. Newspapers around this time reported children who were born with brain defects, as well as worms and high lead levels in tap water. Finally, in 1991, the incinerator company’s permit was denied and the state required the landfill to install a new liner to protect groundwater.

Today, Sunland Park remains a working-class community where 84 percent speak Spanish at home, with more than double the national poverty and uninsured rates, according to the U.S. Census Bureau . In a place with few professional opportunities for young people, some of the loudest voices about the water quality are the same voices that spoke up more than 30 years ago: what’s left of the Concerned Citizens protesters — retirees who are no longer working full-time and know the city’s history.

“Back then the people were stronger. Nowadays, many people are older and we can’t even carry the gallons” of store-bought water, said Elvia Acevedo, 65, in her living room where cases of bottled water are stacked. “I want to fight and get justice. For those who can no longer.”

It’s not entirely clear how the problems with arsenic in the water began, but state and federal databases show violations piled up for years, even before several regional utilities were combined to form CRRUA in 2009.

At the state level, the New Mexico Environment Department is controlled by Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham, a Democrat elected in 2018. Matt Maez, a spokesman for the department, said the state has struggled to fix the city’s water because of budget cuts enacted under Lujan Grisham’s Republican predecessor, Susana Martinez.

Several of CRRUA’s seven board members, most of whom are elected officials, declined to comment. One, Alberto Jaramillo, who is also a city councilor, told The Washington Post he only recently learned about the area’s history of elevated arsenic. But he said he drinks the tap water and believes it is safe.

“I haven’t read what arsenic does to your body over time, but if somebody says that I got cancer because of this or that, I want to see the proof,” Jaramillo said.

The state steps in

Sunland Park residents woke up one morning at the end of November and turned on their sink faucets and shower heads to see a slimy, oily goo emerging from their taps. Residents reported the problem immediately but that day passed, and then the next, and CRRUA said nothing. Finally, on the fourth day, CRRUA and Doña Ana County issued a notice that the water was not safe to drink, and had not been for days.

Local officials doled out bottled water. State officials investigated, discovering that the machine in charge of releasing caustic soda, used to treat arsenic, had malfunctioned, causing an unhealthy amount of pH buildup in the water. In all, residents were without potable water for six days.

As state officials investigated, they found something else: The water had illegally high levels of arsenic. Three of the four arsenic plants “have been offline and bypassed for over a year,” the state said in a violation notice it sent to CRRUA , which did not account for the arsenic violations occurring in prior years.

CRRUA’s executive director, Brent Westmoreland, retired in December. He did not respond to requests for comment.

In January, the New Mexico Environmental Department issued a report that found 58 “significant deficiencies” in CRRUA’s water system. The state is now cracking down, levying a $251,580 fine in March. Then, a top environmental official sent a letter to the state’s attorney general and auditor urging an investigation into CRRUA for “potential violations of consumer protection laws and possible waste, fraud, and abuse of state and federal funds.”

State investigators also paid an unannounced visit to Sunland Park on March 15 and took 10 water samples, finding one was above legal arsenic limits. The state has now demanded CRRUA turn over records related to its water testing.

CRRUA is appealing the state’s administrative order. In a letter to the state , CRRUA board chair Susana Chaparro said the utility was proud of “ongoing improvements” since January. “What we were handed did not occur overnight and cannot be fixed overnight,” she said.

The water utility also recently hired its first public information officer to communicate with its customers. Its website is now regularly updated, and notices have begun to go out with Spanish translations. CRRUA recently posted a video demonstrating how its staff samples water to test for arsenic. The utility’s interim executive director Juan Carlos Crosby said in a county board meeting on April 9 that CRRUA was more than halfway through correcting the deficiencies identified by the state and is now testing for arsenic twice a month.

Eric Lopez, a consultant who recently began overseeing the arsenic plants, said CRRUA is also adding new technology to be able to monitor the water’s chemical and contaminant levels remotely.

But many residents are unconvinced that change will come without more dramatic intervention from state or federal agencies. Resident Lorenzo Villescas, 68, said officials had a playbook for what was happening in Sunland Park.

“I compare this to Flint,” he said, referring to the Michigan city where problems with lead in the water sparked national outrage 10 years ago this month. There, “the authorities denied it was bad, too.”

Residents have been pleased by the new attention from state and local officials in recent months but have wondered if it’s only come about because newer and wealthier residents in growing developments around the city have also now been affected.

“They discovered this now because the water came out bad in the new areas, where the rich people live,” said Isabel Santos, 65, a former interim mayor and city council member who was also once president of the Concerned Citizens of Sunland Park and now wants to revive the group.

‘People are dying’

Villescas has lesions on his skin and wonders if it is from drinking the arsenic-laden water. So does Maria Lucero, 66, whose family helped found this town but is now looking to move out because of the water.

Irene Rodriguez, 62, is surrounded by cancer: Her husband, her mother and three of her four siblings were diagnosed with it. They only recently started to wonder if their water was to blame. She has stopped even brushing her teeth with it.

Ofelia Garcia, 81, said many of her friends and neighbors have died of thyroid cancer. “A lot of people down here die from cancer. But we don’t know if it’s from the water for sure,” she said.

At a ranch full of high-end horses that compete at a local racetrack, horses kept dying, said a former employee who spoke on the condition of anonymity for fear of offending the utility. He said he quit and now only gives the horses he raises bottled drinking water.

Acevedo said she drank the tap water here for a long time, including when she was pregnant with her son Mikey. She said he was born with Down syndrome as well as thyroid problems, asthma and diabetes, while her other two children, who were born in California before she moved to Sunland Park, were born healthy.

In March, three friends of hers who were born and raised in Sunland Park died of cancer. She blames the water.

“People are dying from this,” she said. “We’re paying for something that’s poisoning us.”

With residents distrustful of the utility, it is common in Sunland Park to see water bottles piled up in garbage cans and stacked by the dozens in living rooms and kitchens. Some people drive to nearby El Paso for water while others say they boil the water before use, which experts said actually concentrates arsenic rather than removing it.

In a door-to-door survey conducted by Empowerment Congress in March, 317 out of 490 people said they were not using the tap water to drink or cook.

About 11 years ago, Monge’s husband developed prostate and thyroid cancer. Several years ago, he began to hallucinate and grew weak. She took him from doctor to doctor in hopes of finding out what was wrong. His February death was officially attributed to Parkinson’s disease. A bugler played “Taps” before the decorated Vietnam War veteran was buried on a crisp March morning in Arlington National Cemetery.

Monge, who has lived in town for over 40 years, now wonders if other conditions in her family — one of her daughters was born premature at two pounds, another one developed a tumor in her late teens, while Monge herself was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis — could be related to prolonged arsenic exposure.

Experts say arsenic can cause many of the conditions cited by residents though such diseases are also rampant in low-income communities of color even without dangerous water conditions. “There’s a lot of parts of injustice in poor, Latino communities. … But how do you just nail down one? How do you just say — look, is this the thing that’s killing you?” asked Israel Chávez, a lawyer representing residents.

After Monge spoke at the CRRUA board meeting about her late husband, Vivian Fuller, a field organizer for Empowerment Congress, cast aside her pre-written notes for public comments, and issued a new plea to the board members.

“People are dying. Our community is dying,” she said. “There’s nothing that we can do unless you all help us.”

"Once we have water, we have life." Access to safe drinking water transforms lives in Conakry

Makalé Cisse fills her buckets with water from her own tap installed at her home as part of a World Bank-financed project.

Photo credit: Zubah Beavogui/World Bank

STORY HIGHLIGHTS

Over 30,000 people benefited from improved safe water services in Greater Conakry following major investment under the Guinea Urban Water Project (PUEG);
With over 12,000 meters installed, customers can now better manage their water consumption and enjoy enhanced service delivery;
Under the project, 650 workers and supervisors benefited from capacity building to upgrade their technical, operational, and commercial skills.

Every morning at the crack of dawn, Sig Madina, a working class neighborhood, wakes up to the sounds of vendors hawking jerrycans of water from their carts for GF 2,000 to GF 5,000, depending on the size of the can. Today, the people of Sig Madina have access to the safe water they need for their daily survival.

But this was not always the case. Just a couple of years ago, water was hard to come by in Sig Madina. Households struggled to buy the bare minimum from the vendors. On any given day, Makalé Cissé, a mother of five, could only buy twenty 20-liter cans to meet her family’s washing, cooking, and drinking needs, costing her the equivalent of US$60 a month, or about 20 percent of her monthly budget.

When funds ran low, Makalé and her daughters would walk two kilometers, water cans on their heads, just to fetch water at the closest public standpipe. Getting up early was the only way then.

As she explained, “Not only was it a long way to go, but the quality of the water wasn’t even good enough. My children would often get sick; plus, having to go and fetch water affected my daughter’s performance at school.” Her eldest daughter, Aïssatou, failed her Baccalaureate exams twice. She explained what happened: “I would often leave late for school and had no time to go over my lessons. I had no choice, I had to help my mom.”

Just like families in Sig Madina, many other households in Conakry and its suburbs faced the same challenges in getting the safe water they needed, because of crumbling water pipes dating back to colonial times.

Water piped to her home spells relief for Makalé

Makalé Cisse with her daughters. On the left is Aïssatou, who passed her Baccalaureate exam after their household water connection was made.

Since the household water connection was made and the water meter installed at the Cissé home a few months ago, they now have easier access to safe water. Flashing her brilliant smile, Makalé quipped: “Once we have water, we have life.”

Now, there is no more tumbling out of bed at dawn to wait for the water vendors. No more long hikes to stock up on water at the public standpipe. As she put it: “Now that I just have to reach over and turn on my own tap at home, I have more time to focus on the other things I have to do each day. That also frees up time for my girls, who can focus fully on their schoolwork now.”

With a meter in place, Makalé pays the equivalent of only $10 every other month compared to the $60 that she used to pay each month. She invests the money saved in income-generating activities to provide for her family and pay her children’s school fees.

Enhanced drinking water supply in Greater Conakry

This major shift in Makalé’s home and homes in other low-income neighborhoods in Conakry is just one of the successes of the Guinea Urban Water Project (PUEG), which was launched in 2018 with financing from the World Bank.

In a bid to improve access to water services, one of the main thrusts of the PUEG is investment in infrastructure for people in underserved neighborhoods, a move that has led to over 1,500 homes being connected to the network for the first time, enabling more than 30,000 people to gain access to drinking water and better manage their water consumption, thanks to the installation of 12,500 water meters—part of overall efforts to enhance the system’s efficiency.

Deputy General Manager in charge of infrastructure and development at Guinea Water Company, Moussa Camara, explained it this way: “The project made it possible to boost storage and distribution capacity by drastically reducing leaks and revenue loss. By laying new pipes, we got rid of many of the huge leaks and improved water supply to these areas. Better yet, the quality of the water reaching these homes was also higher.”

The PUEG project has been completed even as work continues under the new Guinea Water and Sanitation Project (PEAG), a US$200 million project financed by the World Bank. The PEAG project will mark a sea change in bringing safe drinking water to urban areas by increasing throughput, transport, storage, and distribution of safe drinking water to the people of Greater Conakry.

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Close-up of faucet with turned drop water

Water and Sewer

Raleigh Water Safe to Drink; Taste and Odor Reported

The water is safe to drink and use for all purposes

News Published 4/20/2024 Updated 4/26/2024

Pockets of Raleigh Water customers have reported issues with a musty smell or taste in their water. The water is safe to drink and use for all purposes. This is a springtime occurrence and Raleigh Water is working to treat the water to remove this taste and smell.

Following are answers to some of the frequently asked questions regarding this issue:

Is the water safe to drink? Yes. The taste and odor are purely an aesthetic issue. The City of Raleigh’s water remains completely safe to drink and use for all purposes. All of our drinking water continues to surpass all regulatory standards for safety.

What’s causing the smell and taste? The City of Raleigh’s water system is supplied by 2 lakes, Falls Lake, and Lake Benson. In the past 24 hours we have experienced an increase in calls related to taste and odor in the tap water. Falls Lake is currently going through seasonal variations caused by factors such as temperature and available sunlight. These seasonal variations in environmental conditions can lead to fluctuations in naturally occurring algae and algal activity. Commonly occurring algae in Falls Lake can impact water quality in a variety of ways. One-way algal impacts are most notable to water customers is unpleasant taste and odor. Under certain seasonal environmental conditions, algae can release taste and odor compounds into the water that have the potential to be noticed at the customer’s tap. Customers typically characterize the unpleasant taste and odor as “earthy," or “musty." These variations most commonly occur in the early spring and fall time periods.

What steps is the City of Raleigh taking to control the taste and odor? It is our goal to produce high quality drinking water that is not only safe to drink but is aesthetically pleasing as well. We closely monitor our source water for algae and taste and odor compounds and utilize treatment techniques such as activated carbon adsorption and advanced oxidation by ozone to minimize the unpleasant taste and odors. Activated Carbon and Ozone have been increased to address these aesthetic issues, but it may take a few days to purge the distribution system. The time it takes for the taste and odor of the water to improve varies from household to household and is impacted by the fact that our drinking water has to work its way through the water distribution system, which contains over 2500 miles of water lines.

What steps can be taken at home by customers to minimize the taste and odor? Some customers have reported improved taste and odor by adding a lemon wedge to a refrigerated open pitcher of drinking water. Additionally, standard home water filtration systems that contain fresh carbon may help to mitigate the taste and odor of these substances.

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How safe is Salisbury's drinking water? City responds to latest EPA report

The city of Salisbury has responded to concerns about PFAS contamination in its water supply, saying it currently meets all quality regulations required by state and federal agencies.

According to city officials, water standards from the Maryland Department of Environment and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency were met despite a newly released EPA report that led to increased attention to the existence of Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances, or PFAS, in drinking water nationwide.

“These regulations did not come as a surprise,” said Salisbury Director of Water Works Cori Cameron. “We understand that residents are concerned about the water they use every day. The city of Salisbury did not create this problem, but we have been and are currently working to correct it. The new rules allow water systems five years to plan, design and find the best solutions for their community.”

The city also contends it has been planning and researching solutions for "forever chemicals" for years for its water system to meet the new standards, which are slated to go into effect in 2029.

The city of Salisbury, which serves an estimated 30,343 residents, was found to exceed safe PFAS levels by 400% in three tests in 20 which were completed. The results found two pollutants in the area's water supply.

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Funding the future of clean water in Salisbury

In January 2024, the city applied to the Maryland Department of the Environment for the Drinking Water Quality State Revolving Loan Fund Bipartisan Infrastructure Law Funding for PFAS and Emerging Contaminants. The monies, which include 100% loan principal forgiveness for projects that address PFAS and emerging contaminants in drinking water, are earmarked to complete a study at the Park and Paleo Water Treatment Plants.

The goal is to find the best treatment technique to remove the PFAS from area water. The Paleo Water Treatment Plant will embark on bench-scale testing to determine the level of treatment needed.

In a statement, the city noted it is currently in the process of pricing out a change order to add the design of a Granular Activated Carbon filter system to the new filter treatment building at the Paleo Water Treatment Plant. The preliminary construction cost estimate for the filters will be $14 million.

The Park Water Treatment Plant Study will be used to find the best resource for treatment. The study will include bore tests for deeper wells to see if that eliminates PFAS. A bench test study will also be completed to find the best treatment system for the plant and design of new wells or a new treatment system.

“The city of Salisbury has sampled totals for PFOA (Perfluorooctanoic Acid) and PFOS (Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid) as high as 7.53 parts per trillion and a low of 3.2 parts per trillion, with a combined well field total of 14 parts per trillion. For perspective: One part per trillion is equivalent to one drop of impurity in 500,000 barrels of water or traveling 6 inches out of a 93-million-mile journey toward the sun," Cameron said.

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Salisbury will apply for federal grant money in January 2025, for both plants for the construction of the treatment system to remove PFAS. The city has also entered into a nationwide lawsuit against the producers of these chemicals.

“While the EPA is currently focused on water quality and removing these contaminants to the extent that current science allows, some of these chemicals are still being manufactured and used in common household products that people use every day,” Cameron said.

New regulations require that public water systems must monitor for these PFAS, which the city says it is already doing, and have three years to complete initial monitoring by 2027, followed by ongoing compliance monitoring.

What is PFAS and where can they be found?

The Maryland Department of the environment notes PFAS is a large group of complex synthetic chemicals that have been used in consumer products around the world since 1950. They are used to keep food from sticking to packaging or cookware, make clothes and carpets resistant to stains, and create more effective firefighting foam.

PFAS molecules have a chain of linked carbon and fluorine atoms. Because the carbon-fluorine bond is one of the strongest, these chemicals do not degrade easily in the environment and are known as “forever chemicals” for that reason.

While PFOA and PFOS are no longer utilized in current manufacturing, the ones that were created for years are still in our environment. In addition, a newer class of PFAS sometimes termed GenX Chemicals are now proliferating.

The EPA is setting enforceable Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) at 4.0 parts per trillion for PFOA and PFOS individually. Those are two of the most pervasive PFAS and their production was phased out in the early 2000s due to public outcry, but companies simply turned to other formulations that present similar if not the same dangers.

The EPA is setting maximum contaminant levels of these, and similar chemicals, at 10 parts per trillion.

Currently, manufacturers do not have to disclose to consumers that they are using PFAS, and the EPA does not regulate or test for most PFAS chemicals.

More on local economic news What will loss of Jubilant Cadista jobs mean for Salisbury? Local leaders react.

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Drinking Water Safety in Punta Cana: What Travelers Should Know

Key Takeaways:

Can You Brush Your Teeth with Tap Water in Punta Cana?

Is it Safe to Shower in Punta Cana?

Can You Have Ice in Drinks in Punta Cana?

Tips for Eating Leafy Greens, Fruits, and Veggies in Punta Cana

Safe Drinking Options in Punta Cana

Hydration and Stay Healthy in Punta Cana

1. Drink Plenty of Water

2. Opt for Electrolyte Fluids

3. Use Rehydration Salts

4. Listen to Your Body

5. Avoid Excessive Alcohol Consumption

6. Eat Hydrating Fruits and Vegetables

7. Stay Away from Dehydrating Beverages

8. Take Breaks in Shaded Areas

9. Wear Light and Breathable Clothing

10. Avoid Strenuous Activities During Peak Heat Hours

11. Be Prepared for Outdoor Activities

Additional Health Considerations in Punta Cana

1. Protect against mosquito bites

2. Stay up to date on vaccinations

3. Have travel insurance and access to medical care

Medical Care and Hospitals in Punta Cana

Medical Facilities in Punta Cana

Personal Safety and Emergency Services in Punta Cana

Can you drink the water in Punta Cana?

Can you brush your teeth with tap water in Punta Cana?

Is it safe to shower in Punta Cana?

Can you have ice in drinks in Punta Cana?

What are some tips for eating leafy greens, fruits, and veggies in Punta Cana?

What are the safe drinking options in Punta Cana?

How can you stay hydrated in Punta Cana?

What are some additional health considerations in Punta Cana?

What are the medical care and hospital options in Punta Cana?

What should you know about personal safety and emergency services in Punta Cana?

What are some precautions to take for staying safe in Punta Cana?

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