american travel to japan

Update April 12, 2024

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Japan Travel Advisory

Travel advisory january 8, 2024, japan - level 1: exercise normal precautions.

Japan – Level 1: Exercise Normal Precautions

Reissued after periodic review without changes.

Exercise normal precautions in Japan.

Read the  country information page  for additional information on travel to Japan.

If you decide to travel to Japan: 

• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive Alerts and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Follow the Department of State on  Facebook  and  Twitter .
• Follow Embassy Tokyo’s American Citizen Services section on  Facebook  and  Twitter .
• Review the  Country Security Report  for Japan.
• Visit the CDC page for the latest  Travel Health Information  related to your travel.
• Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. Review the  Traveler’s Checklist .

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Travel to Japan

A record 24.04 million people visited Japan in 2016, welcomed by Japan's spirit of omotenashi . A nation where tradition and modernity share the same space, Japan offers an exciting, unique experience for everyone. From Tokyo’s urban sprawl to the peacefulness of Kyoto, from boisterous Osaka nightlife to Hiroshima's contemplative spirit, Japan’s attractions never fail to dazzle visitors. The amazing food, unique culture, and warm hospitality will keep you coming back!

To get you started, here are some useful tools for your trip: Convert US Dollars to Japanese Yen ・ Japan Weather Forecast ・ Japan train route finder (trip planner) ・ Another train route finder Download DC-based Japan Travel Agencies & JR Pass Distributors

Do I need to bring anything special?

Not usually - just a valid passport. If you are a US citizen, you do not need a visa to travel to Japan for up to 90 days with a roundtrip ticket. The purpose of your visit must be tourism, visiting relatives/acquaintances, attending a conference, etc.

Japan has made agreements to waive visa requirements for tourism with 61 countries and regions. You can find more information about this on the Embassy's visa section page . If you need to obtain a visa for your travels, please contact your nearest Consulate General of Japan or call the Visa Section of the Embassy at 202-238-6800.

Where should I visit in Japan?

What can i bring through customs, can i use a credit card, is japan a safe country, do japanese people speak english, what do i do if i need help or get lost, how can people call me while i'm in japan.

To call Japan from the U.S., dial 011 81 , followed by the area code and phone number. For Japanese cell phones, the area code is 80 or 90. Other common codes are 3 for Tokyo, 78 for Kobe, 75 for Kyoto, 6 for Osaka, and 82 for Hiroshima. If you're given a number that starts with 0, remove it and dial the rest. So, if the number is 080, just dial 80. You can also look up numbers via the Japan Phone Book.

Other options for calling abroad include VoIP services such as Skype .

How is Japan's public transportation system/How can I get a "JR Rail Pass"?

Excellent! Japan has an extremely modern subway and rail system, as well as the famous shinkansen bullet trains, and a large network of buses. Japan-Guide has an excellent guide to transportation in Japan, including information on the numerous tickets and passes available. You can also use the Japan train route finders at the top of this page.

The Japan Rail Pass is one of the most popular option if you'll be traveling long distances by train, or if you're looking for an economical solution for sightseeing. Japan-Guide has more information about the rail pass, but we also have a list of distributors in the DMV area available on our DMV Resources page . You must purchase an Exchange Order before you travel to Japan. You cannot buy a Japan Rail Pass in Japan.

For information about traveling on public transport system with a wheelchair or other disabilities, please check our special circumstances section below.

Can I use a drone/UAV in Japan for tourism?

UAVs are under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism. Their website has a guide in English for those who would like to use UAVs in Japan.

For laws in specific cities and prefectures, you can try and contact local film offices, who might be able to provide you with information on filming with UAV.

What about prescription medications?

Medications are restricted by the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare. Certain medications require a Yakkan Shoumei import/export certificate which can take over two weeks to process. For information and/or restrictions on specific medications, please check with Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare .

For more information, please check the main Embassy's guide to bringing Medications into Japan . The Embassy of the United States in Japan also has good information on bringing medication for personal use, although we are not affiliated with them.

What if I'm in a wheelchair or have another disability?

What if i have a medical device (cpap machines, etc.), what if i have dietary restrictions.

Although Japanese food is considered some of the healthiest in the world, it can be difficult to find appropriate foods if you have dietary restrictions such as gluten-free, vegan, vegetarian, and more. Many major restaurants now include pictorgrams on their menus to help, but smaller restaurants may not have them.

If you are gluten-free , Legal Nomads has provide a gluten-free card in Japanese on her website , and Celiac Travel has a different version on their website .

For vegans and vegetarians , HappyCow , Japan Vegan and Vege-Navi all have resources to help you find good restaurants. Additionally, Is it Vegan? Japan offers help with reading packaging.

For those with halal food restrictions, the JNTO provides a guide to Muslim friendly food stores as well as a travel guide. Additionally, Veg-Travel Tokyo is a vegetarian, halal, and kosher restaurant search. The Jewish Community of Japan also has helpful kosher guides.

If you have food allergies , be aware that any products containing eggs, milk, wheat, buckwheat, peanuts, shrimp and crab will be labeled by law. The JNTO's English Tourist's Language Handbook includes information on how to indicate what you are allergic to.

15 things to know before going to Japan

Mar 31, 2024 • 7 min read

Be ready for a visit to Japan with these tips on health, safety and etiquette © pat138241 / Getty Images

Japan has a reputation as an etiquette-bound place that can be intimidating for first-time visitors.

The truth is, though, that the traditions here are no more formal or constricting than in many other destinations around the world. Moreover, most locals are more than willing to help out or give foreign travelers a pass for any perceived faux pas.

As with just about anything in life, expectation management is key. Put your mind at ease with our top tips for smooth traveling in Japan .

1. Book accommodation in advance (and arrive at the right time)

You can probably get a room at a basic business hotel without a reservation in a pinch, but why risk it? Top accommodations can book up weeks or even months in advance, so it's best to plan ahead.

Particularly busy travel periods include the first week of January, cherry blossom season (late March through April, depending on the destination), “Golden Week” (April 29 to May 5) and August.

You should also keep in mind that smaller inns or ryokan (traditional Japanese inns) often have fixed check-in times outside of which staff won’t be present, and rooms won’t be made up. Coordinate your arrival time in advance.

2. Pack light for a visit to Japan

Since hotel rooms in Japan tend to be small, especially in cities, there is little room for large suitcases – which can also be a pain to wrangle on public transport . Packing on the lighter side is always a good idea, but especially advisable for Japan.

Note that religious sites such as Buddhist temples and Shintō shrines don’t have dress codes. High-end restaurants, bars and clubs sometimes do, but that usually just means no sleeveless shirts or sandals on men.

Keep in mind that you might find yourself sitting on the floor when dining out, which can be uncomfortable in short (or tight) clothing.

3. Buy a data-heavy SIM card at the airport

Finding your way around in Japan can be tricky. The address system is notoriously difficult to navigate – even for locals – so smartphones with navigation apps have been a real boon for travelers.

This means you're likely to be using a substantial amount of data getting from place to place, so buy a data-heavy SIM card at the airport upon arrival. 

Ready to go to Japan? Here are 24 of the best things to do when you get there

4. Bring shoes you can easily slip on and off

Comfortable walking shoes are a must. You’ll also likely have to take your shoes off frequently at religious sites, traditional inns and some restaurants – you’ll thank yourself later if you pack shoes that are easy to slip on and off.

Since you’ll be slipping into a pair of communal slippers when you take your own shoes off, many visitors prefer to wear socks.

5. Learn how to use a bidet toilet

Called “washlets,” Japan’s high-tech, electronic bidet toilets will wash and dry your delicate parts with the touch of a button. (Don’t worry about any language barrier; the pictograms on the buttons are easy to understand).

Other toilet customs in Japan might throw you for a loop. Motion-sensor-activated sound machines are intended to conceal, um, sensitive noises. Also expect dedicated toilet slippers in shoes-off establishments.

Note that there is frequently a lack of towels and hand dryers (locals carry small cloths with them for this reason).

6. Come prepared for the weather

Summers in Japan are hot and humid, which can mean a real risk of heatstroke. Carry water with you, and a folding umbrella with UV blocking is useful – and does double duty in case of a sudden shower.

Late June is the start of the annual rainy season, when it can rain without end for days; this can last a few weeks or through most of July.

Rains, as well as punishing winds, are likely again during typhoon season , which runs from September through October (earlier in Okinawa ).

Typhoons can cause serious travel disruption; monitor the situation with the  Japan Meteorological Agency ’s storm and other weather warnings, which are available in English. Winters can get chilly, and  Tōhoku and Hokkaidō up north can get huge dumps of snow.

Japan’s ubiquitous convenience stores are handy for weather-related necessities like umbrellas, hats, cooling wipes and pocket warmers.

7. Make sure to carry cash...

In rural Japan and at older family-run businesses in cities, credit cards may not be accepted. It’s wise to assume you’ll need to pay cash at country ryokan and smaller restaurants and shops; stock up when you’re in a town with an ATM (cashpoint).

To pay as the Japanese do, place your cash or card in the small tray at the register rather than handing either to the cashier.

8. ...But don’t worry about tipping

Though tour guides who regularly take foreign tourists around might expect extra, Japan has no custom of tipping, and an attempt to add to your bill will more often than not fluster or embarrass staff.

In lieu of tipping, some bars and restaurants will charge a flat-rate service fee, usually around ¥300–500 per person; others, typically fancy ones, will automatically add a 10% service charge to the bill.

9. Learn the art of queueing in Japan

The Japanese are big on queues, forming neat lines everywhere from check-out counters to train platforms. (Regarding the latter: after the train doors open, it’s everyone for themselves when it comes to scoring a seat.)

10. Stand to the left (or to the right)

Always ride on one side of the escalator – but which side depends on where you are. In Kanto and eastwards, it’s to the left; in Kansai and westwards, it’s to the right. (The dividing point is somewhere just west of Nagoya ).

Incidentally, train operators want passengers to stand on both sides of the escalator and refrain from walking altogether, even if commuters have so far shrugged at these guidelines.

11. Note when the last train leaves

City subways run until 1am at the very latest. If you miss the last train for the night, the alternative is to catch a taxi, which can be expensive. 

12. Avoid the morning commute in Tokyo

For Tokyoites , the morning commute is a contact sport. On weekdays from 7:30am to 9am, millions squeeze into trains across the city, sometimes helped along by station staff who make sure everyone’s packed in.

Shinjuku Station, the busiest in the world, sees an average of over 3.5 million commuters daily; there are more than 200 exits leading in and out of the complex.

13. Eating in public is generally a no-no in Japan

It’s considered bad form to eat in public, especially while walking. Exceptions include the shinkansen (bullet train) and other reserved-seat limited-express trains, where it is customary to eat a bentō (boxed meal) on board; plus at festivals or market streets with food vendors; on a picnic; and of course if you're eating ice cream.

It’s also okay to take sips from a resealable beverage container, like a water bottle.

14. Know what to do in an earthquake or tsunami

Japan is one of the most seismically active places on the planet. While strong earthquakes are rare, minor temblors happen all the time. If this occurs during your time here, stay calm and take your cue from those around you.

Head under a table or stand in a doorway if the shaking picks up; strict building codes generally keep harm to a minimum.

Rarer but more dangerous tsunami can follow a significant quake. Should this occur, listen for tsunami warnings and get to higher ground fast if you are near the coast. 

15. Learn some Japanese lingo 

English is widely spoken in cities and around major tourist attractions; in rural areas, though, it can be hit or miss. Some Japanese words that will come in handy when dining out: 

• omori (large portion, often free at ramen stalls) • okawari (refill)  • mochikaeri (takeaway)  • tennai de (eat-in)  • onegai shimasu (please). Follow up any of your orders or requests with this; for example, if you want tea, say, “O-cha onegai shimasu.”  • sumimasen (excuse me)  • arigato gozaimasu (thank you). Because it’s a bit of a mouthful, it’s tempting to shorten it to simply arigato . Think of it as the difference between “thank you” and “thanks” and go for the politer “arigato gozaimasu.” • toire (toilet; pronounced “to-ee-rey”)

This article was first published April 2022 and updated March 2024

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The best ways to travel to Japan with points and miles

After a long pandemic border closure, Japan opened back up to tourists last fall.

Japan is my favorite country, with its famous cherry blossoms, cutting-edge technology and top-notch hospitality.

The country also has unbelievable cuisine and a service industry that perfectly embodies the cultural importance placed on respect and politeness.

All of this to say, I am unbelievably excited to get back to Japan. Luckily, there are numerous loyalty programs to get travelers there — let's look at some of the best options.

Virgin Atlantic Flying Club

I will start with the most aspirational way to get to Japan: All Nippon Airways first and business class. While the cost of first-class awards suffered a devaluation in early 2023, it's still great value. Business-class redemptions escaped the devaluation and remain one of the best sweet spots in the industry.

Although Virgin Atlantic is now a member of the SkyTeam alliance, the airline still has individual partnerships with other airlines, including ANA (a member of Star Alliance ). The Flying Club program is quirky but has some incredibly valuable redemption options.

Here is the round-trip award chart for flights on ANA booked through Virgin Atlantic Flying Club :

In many cases, these prices are lower than most other carriers charge for a one-way award — 90,000 points round-trip in one of the world's best business-class products is an absolute steal.

Note that prices are marginally higher for flights from the U.S. East Coast and central states than from the West Coast, but the small difference shouldn't be enough to sway you. You can book one-way trips for half the round-trip ticket cost.

Unfortunately, there are two major downsides to booking ANA tickets with Virgin Atlantic Flying Club. One is that ANA is stingy with award availability. The other major downside is that you cannot book tickets online. Instead, you must find award space using a Star Alliance search tool . I like to use United Airlines' or Air Canada's websites, as both show all Star Alliance award availability online.

After you've noted award availability, you need to call Virgin Atlantic and give the representative the exact flights and class of service you want. The agent will look up and confirm the space. You can then transfer points over to Flying Club. Most transfers process instantly, so you don't have to worry about losing award space.

Thankfully, Virgin Atlantic Flying Club points are incredibly easy to earn. Flying Club is a transfer partner of all the major transferable currencies, including:

• American Express Membership Rewards (points transfer at a 1:1 ratio)
• Bilt Rewards (1:1)
• Capital One miles (1:1)
• Chase Ultimate Rewards (1:1)
• Citi ThankYou (1:1)
• Marriott Bonvoy (3:1)

When you transfer Marriott points to Flying Club in increments of 60,000, you receive 5,000 bonus miles. In other words, 60,000 Marriott points equal 25,000 Virgin points.

It's also worth noting that we sometimes see transfer bonuses from programs such as Chase and American Express to Virgin Atlantic Flying Club.

ANA Mileage Club

Another great way to get to Japan on ANA is through its own loyalty program: ANA Mileage Club .

ANA Mileage Club may not be the most well-known loyalty program, but it does have some great uses.

One of the best ways to use your ANA Mileage Club miles is for business class. ANA business-class tickets from the U.S. to Asia can be booked for as little as 75,000 miles on low-season dates. This is less than many airlines charge for a one-way business-class ticket from the U.S. to Asia. The program also allows for stopovers and open-jaw trips.

ANA prices its own tickets based on the region you're flying to and from, as well as the season in which you're flying. Currently, the airline has three different seasons: low, high and regular.

Once you've chosen your travel season, you need to find the region your flight is departing from and arriving in. You can find that by scrolling down the page .

It is worth noting that you can only book round-trip tickets with ANA Mileage Club — no one-way awards are allowed. You can also only book off-peak prices on ANA-operated flights.

The easiest way to earn ANA Mileage Club miles is by transferring American Express Membership Rewards at a 1:1 ratio. You can also transfer Marriott Bonvoy points to ANA Mileage Club at a 3:1 transfer ratio. You'll earn a 5,000-mile bonus for every 60,000 Marriott points transferred, so 60,000 points are worth 25,000 ANA miles.

Related: 10 ways to redeem ANA Mileage Club miles for maximum value

Alaska Mileage Plan

The Alaska Airlines' Mileage Plan program is one of the most highly regarded loyalty programs.

This is due to its generous award charts for partner airlines. Alaska Airlines has different award charts for its flights and each of its partners which opens up numerous award redemption opportunities.

In March 2021, Alaska Airlines joined the Oneworld alliance. This opened up partnerships with major airlines including American Airlines, British Airways, Cathay Pacific and Japan Airlines.

Read more: Your complete guide to Alaska Airlines partners

Flying first class on Japan Airlines is widely considered one of the best ways to get to Japan. From the great seats to the fantastic onboard cuisine to the incredible service and hospitality, Japan Airlines' first class is truly a once-in-a-lifetime experience.

Flying between North America and Japan will cost 85,000 Alaska miles from the West Coast and 100,000 miles from the rest of the United States for a one-way first-class ticket. Business class redemptions cost 60,000 or 80,000 miles depending on your departure point.

Using Alaska's search feature is relatively simple. There's an award calendar, and you can book JAL-operated awards online. Availability in premium cabins isn't fantastic, but if you're flexible on your departure date or open to last-minute award space, you may be able to find a good itinerary.

If you need to top up your Alaska balance, the Alaska Airlines Visa® Business card offers 50,000 bonus miles and Alaska's Famous Companion Fare ($99 fare plus taxes and fees from $23) when you make $3,000 or more in purchases within the first 90 days of opening your account.

Unfortunately, Alaska Mileage Plan isn't a partner of any major transferable credit card programs like American Express Membership Rewards or Chase Ultimate Rewards .

Because of its huge list of airline partners in the Oneworld alliance and non-alliance partners, you can earn miles by flying many different airlines and crediting those partner flights to Mileage Plan. Plus, you can earn miles when you fly with Alaska Airlines.

Also, Alaska often has buy-miles promotions that allow you to stock up on miles at a reasonable price. There is also an online shopping portal that can help you earn miles on online shopping.

American AAdvantage

Another Oneworld option to get to Japan is with your American Airlines AAdvantage miles.

Although the program lost some value over the last few years, you can still get a ton out of the program, especially as partner awards are not subject to dynamic pricing. The best way to get real value is through the airline's international partners in the Oneworld Alliance.

American publishes award charts for each region. On AA's partner award chart, Asia is divided into four regions: Asia Region 1, Asia Region 2, the Middle East and the Indian Subcontinent. Japan is considered to be in Asia Region 1.

This means you can book Japan Airlines business class for just 60,000 AAdvantage miles each way. It costs 20,000 additional miles to fly in first class. This provides an alternative way to fly on Japan Airlines if earning Alaska miles is too difficult.

One of the easiest ways to earn American AAdvantage miles is through American Airlines credit cards . Here's a list of current offers:

• Citi® / AAdvantage® Executive World Elite Mastercard® : Earn 70,000 miles after you spend $7,000 on purchases in the first three months of account opening. 4 miles per dollar on eligible American Airlines purchases. Then, if you spend $150,000 on purchases in a calendar year, you'll earn a boosted rate of 5 miles per dollar spent on American purchases for the remainder of the calendar year. Earn 10 miles per dollar spent on eligible car rentals and hotels booked through American's car rental and hotel booking sites , respectively. Earn 1 mile per dollar spent on other purchases (see rates and fees ).
• Citi® / AAdvantage® Platinum Select® World Elite Mastercard® : Earn 50,000 bonus miles after spending $2,500 on purchases in the first three months of account opening. Earn 2 AAdvantage miles per dollar on gas station, restaurant and eligible American Airlines purchases and 1 mile per dollar on other purchases (see rates and fees ).
• Citi® / AAdvantage Business™ World Elite Mastercard® : Earn 75,000 American Airlines AAdvantage bonus miles after spending $5,000 on purchases within the first five months of account opening. Earn 2 AAdvantage miles per dollar on eligible American Airlines purchases plus telecom merchants, cable and satellite providers, car rentals and gas stations. Earn 1 mile per dollar on other purchases.
• AAdvantage® Aviator® Red World Elite Mastercard® : Earn 50,000 bonus miles after making your first purchase in the first 90 days and paying the annual fee. Earn 2 AAdvantage miles per dollar on American Airlines purchases and 1 mile per dollar on other purchases.

The information for the Citi® / AAdvantage Business™ World Elite Mastercard® and AAdvantage Aviator Red cards has been collected independently by The Points Guy. The card details on this page have not been reviewed or provided by the card issuers.

In addition, you can transfer Bilt Rewards points directly to American AAdvantage at a 1:1 ratio. This can be a great option for those with the Bilt Mastercard® (see rates and fees ) who are earning points on rent.

You can also earn AAdvantage miles by flying on American and partner airlines, making online purchases through the AAdvantage eShopping portal , and eating out through the AAdvantage Dining program.

Related: Your ultimate guide to American Airlines AAdvantage

Singapore KrisFlyer

One final option to get to Japan is via a fifth-freedom flight operated by Singapore Airlines . Although this option is limited to Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) , I thought it would be worth mentioning for our West Coast readers.

Singapore Airlines is famous for its top-notch service, especially in its premium cabins. Plus, this route is operated on a 777-300ER, which allows the possibility of flying Singapore's first-class product .

The carrier typically blocks premium-cabin award space from its partners, so you'll have to book through Singapore's KrisFlyer program . You will need 103,500 miles in business class, or 120,500 miles in first class at the lowest Saver level.

Award availability is typically scarce. However, it is worth noting that KrisFlyer allows you to waitlist for awards if your desired flight or class of service isn't available when booking.

Fortunately, these miles are easy to earn since KrisFlyer is a partner of most major transferable points currencies, including Chase Ultimate Rewards , American Express Membership Rewards , Citi ThankYou Rewards and Capital One . Transfers from all of these programs occur at a 1:1 rate.

Bottom line

With Japan finally reopened, we've seen a surge in demand for travel to the country over the last year. Cash fares remain quite high as a result, but you may be able to save money on your trips by using points and miles.

That said, you may need to be flexible and book either well in advance or at the last minute to score premium cabin award seats, allowing you to visit one of the world's most unique countries.

Additional reporting by Ben Smithson.

For rates and fees of the Bilt Mastercard, click here . For rewards and benefits of the Bilt Mastercard, click here .

Updated 9/27/23

Nomadic Matt's Travel Site

Travel Better, Cheaper, Longer

The Perfect 7-Day Japan Itinerary for First-Time Visitors

Japan captured my heart from the moment I firs visited. The delicious food, the rich culture, breathtaking landscapes, vibrant history, and the very friendly and polite people – it all blew my mind.

But Japan often feels impenetrable, especially to first-time visitors. While I think Japan deserves a minimum of 10 days, I get that some people might only have a week, so I wanted to write this, my ideal seven-day itinerary for Japan for a first-time visitor.

With only a week, there’s not much you can see unless you really rush it. And I don’t think you should do that.

So this itinerary only focuses on Tokyo and Kyoto (the most popular destinations) as well as some day trips from each. If you wanted to rush things a little, you could add in Osaka (more on that at the end).

(Note: If you purchased a Japan Rail Pass , activate it on arrival. That way, you can take advantage of the free JR trains throughout the city.)

Table of Contents

Japan Itinerary Day 1: Tokyo

Japan itinerary day 2: tokyo, japan itinerary day 3: tokyo, japan itinerary day 4: kyoto, japan itinerary day 5: kyoto, japan itinerary day 6: nara, japan itinerary day 7: tokyo, an alternative itinerary.

Tsukiji and Toyosu Fish Markets Cure your jet lag with some food! In 2018, Tokyo’s main fish market moved to Toyosu. It is now twice the size of Tsukiji (the old one), making it the largest such market in the world. Here you can eat fresh sushi for breakfast, just a few feet from where it was hauled in from the sea, while marveling at the chaotic atmosphere.

You can still head to the old market in Tsukiji to eat, shop, and wander as well. I like it a lot, because there are more food options! Food and drink tours of the Tsukiji Outer Market are available for around 15,000 JPY.

Toyosu Fish Market is open Monday-Saturday 5am-5pm, though most shops don’t open until 7am. Admission is free, but you have to pick up a visitor’s pass when you enter. Tsukiji Fish Market’s hours vary by shop (usually 5am-2pm). Admission is free.

teamLab Planets This digital art installation is a multi-sensory and immersive experience in which you become part of the artwork, walking barefoot through the four exhibition spaces and gardens as you interact with the installations’ elements in unique ways. It’s really fun! TeamLab is generally sells out in advance, so I recommend getting your tickets online ahead of time .

Take a walking tour Walking tours are a great way to get the lay of the land while connecting with a local guide. I always go on one or two when I arrive somewhere. Tokyo Localized offers many free tours, including a classic overview and ones of both the famed Harajuku and Shinjuku neighborhoods. Its Imperial Palace tour would be the most convenient one after teamLab.

The Imperial Palace Formerly Edo Castle, the Imperial Palace was built in the 15th century, and some of the walls and moats from that time are still in use to this day. When the emperor moved from Kyoto to Tokyo in 1869, he took Edo for his new palace and renamed it. While you can’t go inside, it is surrounded by beautiful grounds, a moat, and a park worth wandering through. You can also see the changing-of-the-guard ceremony (though it’s relatively low-key and unassuming). Admission to the grounds is free.

Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden This park is over 144 acres and home to some 20,000 trees. Most of the original park was destroyed in World War II but was rebuilt and reopened in 1949. During spring, it is one of the best places to see cherry blossoms. My favorite area is the landscape garden, which has several ponds with bridges and islands. It’s a peaceful oasis away from the urban hustle and bustle.

Depending on how you feel relative to your jetlag, you could fit a few more activities before you end your day. Check out this post for suggestions .

• Senso-ji – This is Tokyo’s most popular and famous temple. Beautifully painted, it sits in a scenic spot near a pagoda and the lovely Kaminari Gate. There’s a huge statue of Kannon, the goddess of mercy, inside the main hall. It’s very busy during the day, so maybe check out the grounds in the evening.
• Asakusa Shrine – This nearby Shinto shrine is much more peaceful, with fewer visitors, but with people praying, meditating, or performing traditional rituals. It was built during the Edo period (1603–1868) and survived the air raids of World War II.

Afterward, head to Ueno Park . Spanning over 133 acres, Ueno Park was established in 1873 on land formerly owned by a 17th-century Buddhist temple. It gets super busy in cherry blossom season, as there are over a thousand trees here. Throughout, you’ll find various stalls and vendors selling snacks, drinks, and souvenirs. On weekends, there are usually cultural events or festivals showcasing traditional arts, music, and dance. Four of Tokyo’s main museums are here:

• Tokyo National Museum – Established in 1872 on the north end, this massive building is the oldest and largest art museum in Japan. It houses one of the world’s largest collections of art and artifacts from Asia, particularly Japan.
• Tokyo Metropolitan Art Museum – This museum showcases rotating exhibitions of contemporary and traditional Japanese art.
• National Museum of Nature and Science – This museum features a wide range of permanent and temporary exhibitions covering natural science and history.
• Tosho-gu Shrine – This beautiful 17th-century Shinto shrine has carved gold doors and other ornate carvings. It’s worth seeing up close!

Afterward, walk down to Akihabara to explore the video game parlors, arcades, and anime shops. This very buzzy area is ground zero for all things electronic, and it’s fun to play many of the games. This is where you’ll find the famous maid cafés, where servers dress up as maids and serve you food and drinks. These range from big touristy ones to holes-in-the-wall (the girls on the street are promoting the latter, which are a lot more culturally fun). They aren’t cheap, though, as you have to buy drink packages and pay a fee, but they’re kitschy and fun.

In the evening, visit Shinjuku and then drink in Golden Gai . In Shinjuku, you’ll find a plethora of cool bars, bright lights, and tiny hole-in-the-wall eateries. Be sure to wander down Memory Lane (aka Piss Alley) for tiny izakaya joints and bars. Afterward, head over to Golden Gai, a warren of narrow alleyways with a bit of a red-light-district feel, flanked by diminutive backstreet bars. It’s quite touristy but also a lot of fun. I’ve had some wild nights here!

With Arigato Tours , you’ll learn about the neighborhood while stopping to sample Japanese classics like sushi, yakitori, and ramen. The 23,900 JPY cost includes a drink and dishes at four stops.  

Kamakura Here you can see a 13-meter (43-foot) bronze statue of Buddha that was built in 1252. It was initially constructed within Kotoku-in Temple, but that has since been washed away by several storms, so it now sits in the open air. Admission to enter the temple grounds is 300 JPY, while it’s 20 JPY to go inside the statue. The journey there — around an hour — is free with a Japan Rail Pass .

Tokyo Disneyland I’m a sucker for Disney. You’ll find many of the same classic rides from Disney World here, like Splash Mountain, Big Thunder Mountain, The Haunted Mansion, and everyone’s favorite teacup ride, The Mad Tea Party. But there are several unique attractions as well, like Pooh’s Hunny Hunt and Journey to the Center of the Earth.

Ticket prices vary depending on the day and time, but full-day admission begins at 7,900 JPY for adults and 4,400-6,200 JPY for children. It’s best to book in advance .

Mount Fuji Mount Fuji is located an hour outside of Tokyo. An active stratovolcano (which last erupted in 1708) and covered in snow for almost half of the year, it stands an impressive 3,776 meters (12,389 feet) and provides one of the most iconic views in the country. One of the Three Holy Mountains of Japan, Mount Fuji is both a Special Place of Scenic Beauty and a UNESCO Cultural Site. In the summer, the mountain is open to hikers, who take 5-12 hours to reach the summit (traditionally, they depart at night to arrive at the top for the sunrise).

If you don’t want to hike, you can simply visit on a day trip. There are buses that can take you partway up, where you’ll be offered sweeping vistas of the surrounding area. Guided day tours from the city cost around 12,000 JPY.  

Wander the Bamboo Forest For a relaxing break, head to Arashiyama and let the dense and towering stands of bamboo envelop you. Located near the famous Tenryu-ji temple, it’s one of the most beautiful places in the entire country. It’s not that big, but there are some hidden areas to explore. Just make sure to arrive early if you want to enjoy it without the crowds (it fills up fast after sunrise).

While there, I would also recommend visiting the Okochi Sanso Garden, which (along with the home) belonged to the famous Japanese actor Denjir? ?k?chi (1898–1962). It’s not free (it’s 1,000 JPY), but it’s really nice and has some wonderful views.

Visit the Golden Pavilion Originally built in the late 14th century as a retirement villa for the shogun (military governor), this iconic structure was later converted into a Zen Buddhist temple. The present-day edifice dates only to the 1950s, however, when a monk attempting to kill himself burned the historic original to the ground. The rebuilt temple is covered in brilliant gold leaf, symbolizing purity and enlightenment. Each of the three stories exhibits a different architectural style. Completing the scene are the serene reflecting pool and traditional Japanese gardens that contain lush foliage, manicured trees, and scenic walking paths.

1 Kinkakuji-cho, Kita-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, +81 075-461-0013, shokoku-ji.jp. Open daily 9am-5pm. Admission is 500 JPY.

Admire Ryoan-ji Temple This is my favorite temple in Kyoto. Originally established in 1450 as a residence for a high-ranking samurai, it was soon converted into a Zen temple and is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, with a mausoleum that houses the remains of seven emperors. Its traditional rock and sand garden is considered one of the best in the country. There’s also a teahouse where you can experience the traditional Japanese tea ceremony ( chanoyu ) as you overlook the Kyoyochi reflecting pool.

There are other temples in the area to check out as well:

• Daitoku-ji Temple – This massive complex dating back to 1315 covers almost 60 acres. It contains several dozen temples and is a good place to see a variety of Zen gardens and architectural styles. It’s also deeply linked to the Japanese tea ceremony, as several of the country’s most noteworthy masters studied here.
• Toji Temple – This is home to Japan’s tallest pagoda (five stories high). Founded in 796, just after Kyoto became the capital, it was one of only three Buddhist temples allowed in the city.

Go on a sake brewery tour Kyoto has a sake (rice wine) brewing tradition going back 400 years and is known for some of the best in the world, due to using the area’s pure natural spring water in the brewing process. Arigato Tours offers an excellent three-hour tour of Fushimi (the brewing district) for 23,320 JPY, including stops at several breweries, a guided tour of the Gekkeikan Okura Sake Museum, and tastings.  

See the Fushimi Inari Shrine This mountainside Shinto shrine, dating back to 711, is dedicated to Inari, the god of rice and prosperity. It’s known for its thousands of vibrant orange torii gates that form a network of trails leading up Mount Inari. You can hike the trails on your own while enjoying panoramic views of Kyoto below or join a guided hiking tour , on which you’ll get off the paved paths and into hidden bamboo groves. Get here as early as possible to avoid the crowds.

68 Fukakusa Yabunouchicho, +81756417331, inari.jp. Open 24/7. Admission is free.

Walk around Higashiyama Spend an afternoon walking along the narrow streets of one of the oldest and best preserved districts on your own or on a walking tour . The traditional machiya buildings (traditional wooden townhouses) are filled with small shops selling local specialties and handicrafts, as well as restaurants and teahouses. It’s a popular area in which to participate in a tea ceremony . Another nice place to stroll in this neighborhood is the Philosopher’s Path, which follows a cherry-tree-lined canal that’s beautiful and meditative even when the blossoms aren’t in season.

Visit Kiyomizu-dera One of a number of UNESCO sites in ancient Kyoto, Kiyomizu-dera (meaning “pure water temple”) is located in the foothills of Mount Otowa in the eastern part of the city. It’s one of the most famous temples in all of Japan. It was established in 778, but most of the existing buildings date to the 17th century. There’s not a single nail used in the construction, which becomes all the more impressive once you see how large the temple is, which is best known for its wooden terrace that juts out over the hillside. The temple’s name comes from the nearby waterfall whose waters (from which you can still drink today) are said to have wish-granting and healing powers.

1 Chome-294 Kiyomizu, +81 75-551-1234, kiyomizudera.or.jp. Open daily 6am-6pm. Admission is 400 JPY.

Explore Shorin-ji Temple This small temple dates back to the 16th century. What makes it worth visiting is its meditation classes. You’ll get to tour the temple and then be instructed in zazen , the Japanese style of meditation. It’s a very unique experience and something that I think will add a lot of depth and nuance to your visit (especially if you’ve seen a lot of temples). Just make sure to dress comfortably.

15 Chome-795 Honmachi, +81 75-561-4311, shourin-ji.org. Open daily 10am-4pm. Admission is 800 JPY.

Wander the Nishiki Market Nishiki Ichiba is now one of the biggest indoor markets in town. Known as “Kyoto’s Kitchen” and spanning over five blocks, it is full of vendors selling traditional dishes from the region, classic Kyoto souvenirs, and really just about anything else. There are over a hundred stalls here, many of which have been in the same family for generations. Opening hours depend on the shop but are typically from 9am to 6pm.

To dive deeper into Japanese food culture, you can take a food tour of the market . It’s the best way to learn about all the food you’ll see, as well as the market’s history.

Explore Gion Gion, the historic geisha district, is renowned as being one of the most iconic and atmospheric areas of town. It’s known for its traditional wooden machiya houses, narrow alleyways, cobblestone streets, and preservation of geisha (known locally as geiko) culture. Lining the main street are ochayas (teahouses where geishas entertain), small shops, and many restaurants, ranging from upscale kaiseki restaurants serving traditional Kyoto cuisine to casual eateries.

To really learn more about this amazing party of town and its past, take a walking tour of Gion . You’ll learn a ton and get a lot of context. They cost around 1,800 JPY.

At night, go to the Pontocho Row , a narrow street lined with restaurants, hole-in-the-wall bars, and jazz clubs. It’s one of the more lively areas in Kyoto.  

Nara was the capital of Japan in the eighth century, so there are lots of buildings and temples here that are upwards of a thousand years old (which is rare in Japan, due to the prevalence of fires and earthquakes, as well as World War II). Some things to do:

• Frolic with deer – The real draw in Nara are the deer. Since the 17th century, those in and around the city have been considered sacred. You can buy crackers to feed them or just watch them stroll around carefree.
• See the Buddha – Don’t miss a visit to Todai-ji, the world’s largest wooden building, home to a 16-meter (52-foot) Buddha statue. It was built in 738 and is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• Take a walking tour – This guided half-day walking tour for 11,500 JPY includes all of Nara’s highlights as well as a traditional lunch.

Ryogoku Kokugikan, Japan’s most famous sumo wrestling arena, hosts tournaments three times each year, in January, May, and September. Tickets sell out quickly, so book online in advance. Prices vary but start around 3,200 JPY for arena seats. You can book a ticket online here (you’ll be accompanied by a guide too, so you can learn more about the tradition as it unfolds before your eyes).

To learn more about the sport in in the off-season, book a tour of a sumo stable .  

So, if you want to add another city to this itinerary you can follow this breakdown:

• Days 1 & 2: Tokyo
• Days 3 & 4: Kyoto
• Day 5: Nara
• Days 6 & 7: Osaka

Tokyo, Kyoto, and Nara are all covered above. As for Osaka, some of my favorite things to see and do:

Take a food tour Known as “the Kitchen of Japan,” Osaka boasts a diverse culinary scene. Mouthwatering sushi and sashimi, Kobe beef and Japanese BBQ, and flavorful ramen can all be found here in abundance. Plus, there are local specialties like okonomiyaki (a savory pancake with egg and vegetables) and kushikatsu (kebab skewers). You can take a food tour for around 13,000 JPY, a ramen and gyoza cooking class for 9,500 JPY, or just wander and eat.

Osaka Castle One of the most famous landmarks in the country, the castle was originally built in the late 16th century by Toyotomi Hideyoshi and played a pivotal role in the unification of Japan during the Sengoku period (1467-1615). Over the centuries, it has been destroyed and rebuilt multiple times due to wars, fires, and natural disasters. The current version dates to 1931. The castle is situated amid sprawling grounds and surrounded by a moat. It’s also home to a small but insightful museum and an observation deck that offers some picturesque urban views.

Dotonbori This is arguably Osaka’s most iconic district, known for its vibrant nightlife (bars, clubs, theaters, and music venues), colorful signage, and delicious food. It’s best seen at night due to the plethora of huge neon lights and signs lining both the canal and streets, which have become symbols of Osaka’s nightlife. A guided walking tour that includes Dotonbori as well adjacent neighborhoods is 6,500 JPY.

Shitennoji Temple This temple is one of the oldest Buddhist temples in Japan, founded in 593. The architecture is a blend of traditional Japanese and East Asian styles, featuring impressive pagodas, gates, and shrines set amid serene gardens. Stroll through the tranquil grounds, admire the beautiful architecture, and learn about the temple’s historical and cultural significance at the museum. The temple is 300 JPY to enter, the garden is 300 JPY, and the museum is 500 JPY.  

Japan is one of my favorite countries. While it’s relatively small, it offers an amazing array of things to see and do (as well as some of the best food in the world). With seven days, you can easily see a good number of the main highlights and get a taste for the incredible history and culture. It will be a busy week, but this itinerary ensures you’ll still have some time to slow down, relax, and take in the local pace of life.

Just make sure you get a Japan Rail Pass before you go. While it’s not as cheap as it used to be, it will likely save you time and money!

Book Your Trip to Japan: Logistical Tips and Tricks

Book Your Flight Find a cheap flight by using Skyscanner . They are my two favorite search engines, because they search websites and airlines around the globe, so you always know no stone is being left unturned!

Book Your Accommodation You can book your hostel with Hostelworld as they have the most comprehensive inventory so they are best for booking a hostel. If you want to stay in a hotel or guesthouse in Japan, use Booking.com as it consistently returns the cheapest rates for guesthouses and hotels.

Don’t Forget Travel Insurance Travel insurance will protect you against illness, injury, theft, and cancelations. It’s comprehensive protection in case anything goes wrong. I never go on a trip without it, as I’ve had to use it many times in the past. My favorite companies that offer the best service and value are:

• Safety Wing (best for everyone)
• Insure My Trip (for those over 70)
• Medjet (for additional evacuation coverage)

Looking for the Best Companies to Save Money With? Check out my resource page for the best companies to use when you travel! I list all the ones I use to save money when I travel — and I think they will help you too!

Be sure to check out the Japan Rail Pass if you’ll be traveling around the country. It comes in 7-, 14-, and 21-day passes and can save you a ton of money!

Looking for More Travel Tips for Japan? Check out my in-depth Japan travel guide for more ways to save money, information on costs, tips on what to see and do, suggested itineraries and reading and packing lists, and much, much more!

Got a comment on this article? Join the conversation on Facebook , Instagram , or Twitter and share your thoughts!

Disclosure: Please note that some of the links above may be affiliate links, and at no additional cost to you, I earn a commission if you make a purchase. I recommend only products and companies I use and the income goes to keeping the site community supported and ad free.

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6 Best Airlines to Fly to Japan

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After being closed for more than two years because of the pandemic, Japan has reopened to tourists. That has many travelers excited about visiting the Land of the Rising Sun. But what's the best way of flying across the Pacific Ocean to visit?

Here are our choices for the best airlines to fly to Japan and the best ways to book flights to Japan with points and miles.

The best airlines to fly to Japan

All airlines aren't created equal. Some airlines offer a much better in-flight experience than others, particularly when flying to Japan. Assuming the price is the same, here are our choices for your trans-Pacific flight.

1. Japan Airlines

Both major Japanese airlines rank in lists of top 10 airlines in the world. However, we give Japan Airlines the edge in our rankings of the best airlines to fly to Japan.

Japan Airlines is one of only a few airlines that installed just eight seats per row in economy on its Boeing 787 Dreamliner aircraft — instead of the typical nine seats per row. Add in at least 33 inches of seat pitch per row, and Japan Airlines offers some of the best seat spacing in economy. Japan Airlines fittingly calls its economy seats "Sky Wider."

And the experience gets better as you move forward. Japan Airlines offers one of the top premium economy products in the world. If you can afford to book it, its business and first class seats are highly regarded as some of the best ways to fly.

2. All Nippon Airways

Like Japan Airlines, fellow Japan-based All Nippon Airways — better known as ANA — offers some of the highest-acclaimed business and first class experiences in the world. If you're looking for a great way to cross the Pacific no matter what cabin, ANA is an excellent option.

» Learn more: The best airline credit cards right now

3. Singapore Airlines

When you consider flights to Japan, Singapore Airlines isn't likely the first airline you think of. However, this Skytrax 5-star airline operates a fifth freedom flight from Los Angeles to Tokyo's Narita International Airport. You can try out Singapore's well-regarded economy , premium economy , business or its top-notch first class cabin on this route.

4. Delta Air Lines

Of the U.S.-based airlines flying to Japan, Delta Air Lines provides particularly noteworthy service. In economy, Delta enhanced its service to include perks like hot towel service and free Bellinis.

Delta also offers its relatively new Premium Select premium economy product on many routes. Up front, you can enjoy Delta One Suites on many flights to Japan.

» Learn more: How to save on Delta flights

The best airlines to fly to Japan with points

While the airlines mentioned above will get you to Japan in comfort, they may not always be the best when it comes to award flights. If you’re looking to redeem points or miles to get to Japan, the airlines below offer the best value.

1. All Nippon Airways

By far, points and miles collectors will get the most value by flying to Japan on ANA. Several loyalty programs offer excellent award pricing on ANA, and those miles can be easily generated through major transferable point programs.

In the points and miles ecosystem, you can often book award flights cheaper through partner award programs . But that's not the case with ANA. If you're booking a round-trip award ticket, check award pricing through ANA's Mileage Club first. 

During off-peak dates, you can book round-trip award flights between the U.S. and Japan for just:

40,000 miles round trip in economy.

62,000 miles round trip in premium economy.

75,000 miles round trip in business class.

Even during peak times, you'll pay less for round-trip awards through ANA than some of the other deals highlighted in this piece. The downside is the significant carrier-imposed surcharges that ANA charges for award bookings on its own flights.

Build your balance of ANA Mileage Club miles by transferring points from American Express Membership Rewards at a 1:1 transfer ratio. Or transfer Marriott Bonvoy points to ANA at a transfer ratio of 3:1 — plus a 5,000-mile bonus for transferring at least 60,000 Bonvoy points.

If you're booking a one-way award, consider booking through Virgin Atlantic Flying Club instead. Nonstop award flights from the U.S. mainland to Japan on ANA cost as few as 30,000 miles each way in economy. Upgrade to business class from 45,000 miles, or splurge for ANA first class from 55,000 points.

You can transfer points to Virgin Atlantic from every major transferable points program . However, you'll need to transfer Capital One miles through Virgin Red first.

» Learn more: Best ways to book ANA business and first class awards to Japan

2. American Airlines

American Airlines didn't rank on our list of the best airlines to fly to Japan. However, it's a great option for those using points and miles thanks to several appealing award redemption options.

Using the American Airlines AAdvantage program, you can book MileSAAver award flights from the U.S. mainland to Japan for:

32,500 miles each way in economy on off-peak dates.

35,000 miles each way in economy on standard dates.

50,000 miles each way in premium economy.

60,000 miles each way in Flagship Business class.

However, you can book these award flights for fewer miles by taking advantage of American’s partnership with Etihad Guest . Off-peak economy awards cost 25,000 Etihad Guest miles each way, and business class awards cost 50,000 miles one way.

The catch is that you can't book award flights online. So, you'll need to find award availability online and then call Etihad Guest to book. Generate Etihad Guest miles by transferring points at a 1:1 transfer ratio from American Express Membership Rewards, Capital One Miles or Citi ThankYou points .

3. Japan Airlines

In addition to Japan Airlines being one of the best airlines to fly to Japan, you can also get a great deal using miles. Alaska Mileage Plan mileage collectors can fly Japan Airlines to Japan — or onward into other parts of Asia — for as few as:

35,000 miles each way in economy.

60,000 miles each way in business class.

70,000 miles each way in first class.

Take advantage of Alaska Mileage Plan's stopover rules to book a free stopover in Tokyo on your way to another destination in Asia for no additional miles.

American Airlines AAdvantage members can get nearly the same rates but without the free stopover. Japan Airlines first class costs 80,000 AAdvantage miles vs. 70,000 Mileage Plan miles. The upside: AAdvantage members can book Japan Airlines premium economy for 50,000 AAdvantage miles each way.

The best way to book Japan Airlines awards to Japan is using JAL Mileage Bank miles. For flights between North America and Japan, you'll pay as few as:

25,000 miles each way in economy.

32,500 miles in premium economy.

50,000 miles in business class.

70,000 miles in first class.

The downside with these sweet spots is that JAL Mileage Bank isn't a transfer partner of any major U.S. bank points program. Your best transfer option is Marriott Bonvoy at 3:1.

» Learn more: Award sweet spots using Japan Airlines Mileage Bank miles

4. United Airlines

Another U.S.-based carrier that's worth considering when booking award flights to Japan is United Airlines . The cheapest mileage option is booking through ANA Mileage Club for just 50,000 miles round trip.

However, ANA charges high carrier-imposed fees on United award flights. So, consider booking United economy award flights through United for as few as 35,000 United MileagePlus miles each way. Transfer Chase Ultimate Rewards points to United if you need to top off your account.

Theoretically, you can book United Polaris business class to Japan for 70,000 United MileagePlus miles or 75,000 Aeroplan points each way with minimal taxes and fees or 85,000 ANA Mileage Club miles round trip with high fees. However, United is incredibly stingy with releasing international award availability to general members.

» Learn more: How to get cheaper award prices on United flights

Flying to Japan, recapped

There's really no wrong way to fly to Japan. From ancient temples to incredible food and unique experiences, visiting Japan is worth it any way you fly there. With that said, some airlines provide a much more comfortable way to cross the Pacific.

Whether you're booking with cash or miles, Japan Airlines and ANA top our list of the best airlines to fly to Japan. After that, our list diverges. When booking with points and miles, American and United have appealing redemption options. If you're booking a paid flight, consider Singapore Airlines or Delta for a more comfortable ride.

How to maximize your rewards

You want a travel credit card that prioritizes what’s important to you. Here are our picks for the best travel credit cards of 2024 , including those best for:

Flexibility, point transfers and a large bonus: Chase Sapphire Preferred® Card

No annual fee: Bank of America® Travel Rewards credit card

Flat-rate travel rewards: Capital One Venture Rewards Credit Card

Bonus travel rewards and high-end perks: Chase Sapphire Reserve®

Luxury perks: The Platinum Card® from American Express

Business travelers: Ink Business Preferred® Credit Card

on Chase's website

1x-5x 5x on travel purchased through Chase Travel℠, 3x on dining, select streaming services and online groceries, 2x on all other travel purchases, 1x on all other purchases.

60,000 Earn 60,000 bonus points after you spend $4,000 on purchases in the first 3 months from account opening. That's $750 when you redeem through Chase Travel℠.

1.5%-6.5% Enjoy 6.5% cash back on travel purchased through Chase Travel; 4.5% cash back on drugstore purchases and dining at restaurants, including takeout and eligible delivery service, and 3% on all other purchases (on up to $20,000 spent in the first year). After your first year or $20,000 spent, enjoy 5% cash back on travel purchased through Chase Travel, 3% cash back on drugstore purchases and dining at restaurants, including takeout and eligible delivery service, and unlimited 1.5% cash back on all other purchases.

$300 Earn an additional 1.5% cash back on everything you buy (on up to $20,000 spent in the first year) - worth up to $300 cash back!

on Capital One's website

2x-5x Earn unlimited 2X miles on every purchase, every day. Earn 5X miles on hotels and rental cars booked through Capital One Travel, where you'll get Capital One's best prices on thousands of trip options.

75,000 Enjoy a one-time bonus of 75,000 miles once you spend $4,000 on purchases within 3 months from account opening, equal to $750 in travel.

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All you need to know about entering, leaving and staying in Japan

Any foreign visitor entering Japan must have a valid passport for the duration of their stay, and all visitors must comply with the conditions of their visas.

See below for information about the current visa requirements for Japan.

If you have any further questions, please contact the Japanese embassy or consulate in your country of residence.

Enjoy the Digital Nomad Lifestyle in Japan

Japan introduced a new visa program specifically for "digital nomads" -international remote workers who are attracting worldwide attention.

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Flights to Japan with American Airlines

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*Fares displayed have been collected within the last 24hrs and may no longer be available at time of booking. Some fares listed may include one or more connections that are Basic Economy, which class is subject to additional terms and conditions . Modifying this information may result in a different fare. To find the most updated fare, please visit aa.com. Additional baggage fees and charges for optional products and services may apply.

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Find cheap flights to Japan from $334

This is the cheapest one-way flight price found by a kayak user in the last 72 hours by searching for a flight from the united states to japan departing on 9/8. fares are subject to change and may not be available on all flights or dates of travel. click the price to replicate the search for this deal., search hundreds of travel sites at once for deals on flights to japan.

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Good to know

Faqs - booking japan flights, if i am traveling with children to japan, are there any child seat laws i should know about when renting a car in this country.

There is a national child restraint law in this country that states that any child up to four years old needs to travel in a forward-facing car seat and that kids up to six years old need to travel in a booster seat or on a booster cushion.

If I plan on flying to Tokyo, which airport should I fly to?

Most travelers flying to Tokyo will choose the Haneda Airport (HND) because it offers a location that is closer to the center of Tokyo. That said, some of the cheapest flights available from the west coast of the United States to Tokyo travel to Narita International Airport (NRT). Another one of the advantages of this airport is that it offers abundant rail service to get travelers not really into the center of Tokyo but to a number of other destinations that surround this large city.

If I want to travel to Sapporo in the north of Japan, what are some of the best choices for flights?

When flying to the New Chitose Airport (CTS) that serves Sapporo from cities on the west coast of the United States, some of the quickest options are the one-stop flights from San Francisco International Airport (SFO) aboard ANA Airlines.

What are some transportation options to get from Haneda Airport into downtown Tokyo?

The Tokyo Monorail travels from the airport to the downtown area in around 23 minutes, with trains departing the airport every 10 minutes or so. There is also a bus service provided by Airport Limousine that can make the trip in around 40 minutes, with buses departing roughly every hour from the airport.

Which airport should I use to visit Mt. Fuji?

Mt. Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan, lying just below the center of Honshu island and south of Tokyo. If you intend to visit the area you can fly to Tokyo Haneda Airport and get a connecting flight to Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Airport, about 50 mi away from the peak.

Which Tokyo airport is closer to the downtown area?

Of the two international airports serving the Tokyo metropolitan area, Tokyo Haneda Airport is the closer to the city center which is a little less than 9 mi away. Tokyo Narita Airport lies about 37 mi from the center of the city, so plan your travel itinerary carefully when booking your flight from the US to Japan.

Should I buy Japanese Yen before I leave the US?

Most international travelers tend to buy local currency once they arrive at their destination and all the major Japanese airports have currency exchange offices where you can buy yen to pay for your taxi, rental car or to use public transportation.

Do the Japanese airports have facilities for families?

Yes, they do. All the international airports serving US flights provide facilities for parents traveling with children. These services include Baby Rooms equipped with changing tables and microwaves, nursing rooms for mothers with infants and Children’s Play Areas where the young ones can tire themselves out before the long flight home.

How long is the flight to Japan?

An average nonstop flight from the United States to Japan takes 14h 12m, covering a distance of 6012 miles. The most popular route is Los Angeles - Tokyo with an average flight time of 11h 15m.

What is the cheapest flight to Japan?

The cheapest ticket to Japan from the United States found in the last 72 hours was $248 one-way, and $438 round-trip. The most popular route is Los Angeles to Tokyo Haneda and the cheapest round-trip airline ticket found on this route in the last 72 hours was $737.

Which airlines fly to Japan?

ANA, United Airlines & Japan Airlines fly the most frequently from the United States to Japan.

What are the most popular destinations in Japan?

The next most popular destinations are Osaka (6%) and Okinawa (1%). Searches for flights to Sapporo (0.5%), to Fukuoka (0.3%) and to Hiroshima (0.1%) are also popular.

How does KAYAK’s flight Price Forecast tool help me choose the right time to buy?

KAYAK’s flight Price Forecast tool uses historical data to determine whether the price for a given destination and date is likely to change within 7 days, so travelers know whether to wait or book now.

Top tips for finding cheap flights to Japan

• Enter your preferred departure airport and travel dates into the search form above to unlock the latest Japan flight deals.
• Passengers need to have a valid passport for their trip to Japan, and they need to ensure that their passport remains valid during the entire length of their stay in Japan. It is also important to keep one blank page in the passport for an entry stamp.
• A popular departure airport in the United States for a flight to Japan is Los Angeles International Airport (LAX). Passengers looking for the quickest way to get from downtown Los Angeles to this airport should travel on the FlyAway bus that travels from Union Station in downtown Los Angeles to the airport in about 40 minutes.
• Two of the biggest annual events in Japan are New Year's Day and Obon, which occur in the summer months. If traveling to Japan for either of these events, it is best to book tickets as far in advance as possible to ensure availability and the lowest prices.
• One of the largest international airlines in Japan is ANA Airlines, and most travelers might be surprised to learn that one of their major hubs in the United States is Daniel K. Inouye International Airport (HNL), where passengers will find a number of nonstop flight options to a variety of cities in Japan.
• If you plan on traveling to the southern part of Japan, one of the most popular airport options is Nagasaki International Airport (NGS). There are a number of one-stop flight options available to this airport aboard both ANA Airlines and Japan Airlines from a variety of cities in the United States.
• US citizens do not require a visa to visit Japan, but permanent residents should check online with the nearest Japanese embassy or consulate to see if one is required for their respective countries. Bear in mind that you will be allowed to stay for up to 90 days.
• The Japanese capital city of Tokyo is served by two major airports: Tokyo Narita (NRT) and Tokyo Haneda (HND), which handle most of the international air traffic, but flights from the US to Japan also use Osaka Kansai Int’l (KSI) as well as Fukuoka Airport (FUK) and Okinawa Naha (OKA), so choose the one which is closest to your destination.
• Japan has four main islands in very close proximity to each other. The northern island of Hokkaido is not serviced by international flights from the US, so you’ll have to get a connecting flight from one of the two Tokyo hubs or use another form of surface transportation in order to get there.
• Due to their geographic location many of the flights from the US to Japan originate on the West Coast, where you can get several flights with connections from Los Angeles (LAX), San Francisco (SFO) or Seattle (SEA). The only nonstop flights to Japan are from the Hawaiian city of Honolulu (HNL) to Osaka via Air Asia X.
• Osaka has excellent ferry connections to the many southern Japanese cities like Miyazaki and Okinawa, but if you wish to visit the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki then you should use Fukuoka Airport, which is midway between them and therefore is a perfect launching point.

Top 5 airlines flying to Japan

The space for the seats i like it. Its not too close like other air line. The food is ok and also the staff. I'm waiting for my flight rewards point because until now i didn't recieved it.

The staff, ground and air, at ANA was very helpful and friendly during check in, boarding and during the flight. This is the reason why I always fly ANA whenever I go to Manila. The food was not the best but the flight crew more than makes up for the shortfall.

First I will say this was really NOT an ANA flight. ANA used a UNITED jet to perform this flight. I specifically booked with ANA because I did NOT WANT TO FLY UNITED FOR INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS. So to spend $1800.00 and then discover after booking that it was going to be handled by United was very disappointing. I will be more careful next time when I book. The interior was very cramped in economy class; the dinner meal was terrible and also had extremely small portions for an international flight - the bread roll was ice cold and stale - that salad was very wilted; I’ve never had a “snack” that was so salty that it was difficult to eat; the breakfast “waffle” was practically unrecognizable. Really horrible meals for a very expensive international flight. Bathroom floor was also pretty dirty. I’m hoping my return flight is a real ANA airplane that is cleaned and serviced by ANA personnel with ANA meals. I will never book with ANA again if they continue to use UNITED airline jets. Yuck!!!🤢

Ticket was purchased as a United Airlines flight (operated by All Nippon) like what does that even mean? Makes for a VERY confusing flight experience. For instance, what do I look for a United drop off signage and ticket counter or ANA? No explanation anywhere to be found. I also felt a little bit scammed by the obsurdely restrictive seat selection provided. Only middle seats available!! Are you kidding me!! On 6hr + 10hr flights you're forcing me into the middle seat without telling me before I purchased the ticket?? This should be illegal. And to top it off, on the Tokyo LA leg there were quite a few empty seats including window seats! I must also say, the food was a dissappointing as well for my taste, fish with rice ( mostly plain white rice) or a vegetable medly for the breakfast meal? Should be at least 4 choices and at least 1 with eggs. Outside of these issues flight was otherwise ok.

Ground and flight crew were all courteous, extremely helpful and professional. Overall, process is really organized, from boarding to disembarkation.

This is a very long flight and the first time I have flown on a Japanese airline. I was very impressed with the staff. They worked hard and offered food and drink regularly. Plane was very well cared for. The let room was good . Food was ok but better than other airlines.

It was very nice. I was a bit disappointed by the few meal services. There were probably more drink services that I missed while sleeping, but I would have liked the crew to bring more than one drink service before landing and to bring more than one drink service and coffee service after take off

The space and bed was very comfortable , flight attendants very nice. The food was not tasty at all. I ordered the rib eye and it was so tough I couldn’t cut it.

I wish the serve should leach and drink. Maybe because only 2hr

Seat was roomy enough . The Asian selection for a meal was good . The tortellini was not very good. Service was excellent. O

I like the braised beef., miso soup,, and green tea. Very little choices of hollywood movies. The PA announcement in English was not very clear and very soft. I could hardly hear.

More updated movies & Chinese movies. The food sometimes overcooked. Prefer to have more neat snacks in between than just choose from the menu. Please change the menu every now and then. This is my second time flying within one year and the menu didn’t change at all!

Food is lagging. Very poor choice. Like vending machine fast food.

Please change the menu more often. The beef is not tender, more choice in ice cream flavor. Dessert is not good too.

The Experience was fantastic, it's a quick flight so no entertainment or food. Just a refreshment

Great crew, Japanese domestic flight is just a drink service but crew are very attentive

Again I paid for an upgrade on my credit card didn’t get it need a refund. . American I not good at gettin in contact for refunds.

l enjoyed the variety of good and drink choices. The flight attendants were very quick and efficient to our needs.

-Bathrooms were regularly checked/maintained. -Food was okay, but the miso soup was good. -Top of my foot got bitten by a bug when I took off my shoes and was only wearing my socks. It was swollen and very itchy for several days.

Truly impressive service in the air. After the main meal, they have a delicious a la carte menu that you can order anytime until 1.5 hrs prior to landing. Flight crew were so pleasant and very efficient. Wish I could fly JAL more often!

Hated every minute of it. This flight should have only taken 1.5hrs but was delayed over 10hours. Now I am being told I cannot be compensated or refunded my ticket price or extra leg room, which I purchased but did not receive, because the airline is throwing the blame on the 3rd party I purchased tickets through and 3rd party putting the blame on airline. No one wants to help. They received their money and that's all they care about. Im going on 3 days of still trying to get to my final destination, had to cancel car rental, car insurance and hotel. Currently staying in airport until hotels open up. Thank you Lufthansa, Kayak, Underpricer and United for making this trip the worst ever.

The delays (5 hrs) were a comedy of errors, and the multiple safety issues encountered were very concerning.

flight delays, staff only communicating when pushed, food service lasting a grand total of 7 minutes, stuck in seat from 45mins into flight until landing

Crew was great and did their best to make us comfortable and captain came out at the beginning to announce why the flight was delayed, weather situation up ahead, and kept us updated throughout the flight.

the flight from Tampa departed with a delay. The food on board was poor, usually on international airlines alcoholic beverages are offered free of charge , but here it was for a fee, the cutlery was wooden, there were no hot drinks (tea, coffee). Unfortunately, I didn't take pictures of the portions of food, but it wouldn't have been enough for a child either.And in the future, I will try not to use the services of this airline

they made me check my carryon. There was space in the overhead bins.

Nice flight, nice crew but no cookie or napkin with my seltzer.

Trip was smooth bumpy from the wind but no issues at all the crew attendant was very pleasant and had great customer service

This was a Lufthansa flight. Disappointing main meal. Very rough over Canada and arrival at FRA. IFE was almost unusable.

It got me where I needed it to; not much more. It had no competition so that was why I chose it.

Nice service. I wish it could provide hot water on the flight.

internet didn't work. No offer of drinks or snacks.

Flight was seamless. Free wifi helped pass the time. Food was okay, just make sure you pre order or pick something up from the airport

Internet connection very poor, means you can not even order items through their own shop.

Paid for business class lay flat seat. Significantly less comfortable than other carriers. No built in entertainment or WiFi. I barely saw flight attendants at all and they wanted to charge me for a bottle of water if i wanted more than what came with the meal (that i also paid extra for). Essentially you’re just paying for a slightly more comfortable seat than the rest of the plane and nothing else

Een prijsvechter, dus dat moet je ook verwachten. Voor alles moet je betalen. We hebben vooraf een maaltijd en een amenitiesset besteld. Die kregen we netjes uitgereikt aan boord. Het is BYOD voor het amusement tijdens de vlucht en dit werkte uitstekend. Geen trage wifi, helemaal niet. Alles kost geld, zelfs een flesje water. Misschien op langere vluchten wel gratis water, thee, koffie. Maar daarentegen mag je na de security je lege drinkflessen gewoon vullen en mee aan boord nemen

Wifi could have been better. Arrived 55 mins earlier than scheduled :)

Best part are two crying babies throughout the whole 11 hour trip

Clean and comfortable cabin. Friendly on board service. No vegetarian food options and movie options were very limited. Internet was very slow

I didn’t eat the food but there wasn’t an option. Seat was a little too small for me but everything else was great

It was great to check carryon luggage at no charge when there was no room for ours. A hidden benefit of having low-tier tickets. Also great to stay off plane as long as possible. Airline gave us seats we wanted on this last leg, again at no charge.

Fresh fuit or veg snacks would be so great, but there are two good restaurants in Denver airport. Try Etais UDIS or Freshens DIA for nutritious delicious pita sandwiches/ donairs and crepes in Freshens.

The late departure Of two hours waitresses, immature, and gossiping

Crowded plane but it flew on time and had friendly staff

We had a good flight, service was good and lots of leg room. Service was good and the staff were friendly.

I liked that I paid for the bulkhead. That was the only saving grace those seats suck. Why do they pack you in so tight pack you so tight

The Air Canada agent was very helpful helping with my luggage and cat carrier when I went there instead of United.

Great experience on this Air Canada flight. Everyone was polite and respectful, even the passengers are very polite.

Overall I will say it was a very good experience. It was as comfortable as can be expected for such a long flight - 12 hours from Toronto to Tokyo. Everyone was very pleasant and polite. Even the passengers were cooperative and trying to be nice to each other. Of course the space is limited on such a long flight. The bathrooms were actually very clean. The food was very good. I liked how there was a variety of food options. The in flight entertainment system was also very impressive! There were some children on the flight but they were well behaved and hardly ever crying. Great Job Canada Air! I will definitely fly with Air Canada again!

It was upsetting that the flights were canceled but that was due to weather. I did not receive any vouchers for food or a hotel stay when I was forced to spend the night in Montreal. I was also upset when my seat was changed many times.. The plane seemed old with a non-functioning screen and loose side pockets.. All in all in need of updating. On the positive side, the staff in areas was friendly and helpful.

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10 Unexpected American Things That Intrigue the Japanese

Posted: April 21, 2024 | Last updated: April 21, 2024

Japan and the United States have a longstanding cultural exchange. Over the years, many American things have gained immense popularity in Japan. Recently on an online platform, people have shared several American things that are now an integral part of Japanese culture.

1. Baseball in Japan: Bridging Cultures

Baseball, a beloved American pastime, has also found a special place in the hearts of Japanese fans. Introduced to Japan by American educators in the early 20th century, the sport has since become an integral part of Japanese culture, with millions of fans tuning in to watch the professional league, Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB), each year. Whether played by amateur or professional players, baseball remains a beloved sport that bridges the gap between two cultures.

2. English Fashion in Japan: Pop Culture or Faux Pas?

The trend of using foreign characters for fashion purposes seems wider than American companies. In Japan, it is common to see clothing adorned with random English words or phrases that may not make any sense. One user even shared a personal anecdote of winning a ballcap from a claw machine in Hachinohe, Japan, with the word “KILL” printed on it. Such fashion statements may seem bizarre to outsiders, but they have become an accepted part of Japanese pop culture.

3. KFC’s Christmas Campaign in Japan

KFC, a fast food chain originating in the United States, has gained immense popularity in Japan, even consumed as a Christmas tradition. The company launched a successful “Kentucky for Christmas” campaign in 1974, and it has since become a staple for many Japanese families during the holiday season. Despite its American roots, KFC has carved out a special place in Japanese culture and is a beloved fast food option for many.

4. Jazz in Japan: A Cultural Heritage

Jazz, a quintessentially American music genre, has found a significant following in Japan, where it is considered an important part of the country’s cultural heritage. Jazz bars can be found throughout Japan, and Japanese jazz musicians have contributed substantially to the genre. Festivals like the Tokyo Jazz Festival draw large crowds of jazz enthusiasts nationwide each year.

5. Peanut Butter Love in Japan

Peanut butter, a classic American food item, has gained a strong following in Japan, where it is used in everything from sandwiches to baked goods. The creamy and nutty flavor has won over the Japanese, who can’t seem to get enough of it. Some even bring back jars of peanut butter from their trips to the US to satisfy their cravings.

6. King of the Hill: An Animated Hit in Japan

Despite the cultural differences between America and Japan, the animated sitcom King of the Hill has found a dedicated fanbase in Japan. The show’s portrayal of middle-class American life and the humor that comes with it has resonated with many Japanese viewers. Fans of the show in Japan even have passionate debates about whether it’s better to watch the dubbed or subbed version, much like anime fans.

7. Disney Magic in Japan

Disney movies, known for their heartwarming stories, lovable characters, and catchy songs, have a global appeal that transcends language and cultural barriers. In Japan, many Disney movies are translated and dubbed into Japanese, fully immersing fans in Disney’s magical world. Despite being an American creation, Disney’s magic has captured people’s hearts worldwide.

8. Bourbon in Tokyo: A Pop Culture Staple

While Japan is famous for its own varieties of whisky, American bourbon has also found a place in the country’s heart, with many bars in Tokyo boasting extensive collections. The Japanese played a significant role in saving the bourbon industry during the 80s and 90s. Bourbon has even made its way into Japanese pop culture, appearing as a prominent ingredient in the manga series “Bartender,” which focuses on the art of cocktail-making.

9. Shared Loves Across Borders

Snoopy, American slang, and even Baskin Robbins have all found popularity among Japanese audiences, according to a Japanese individual who grew up in the country. While Winnie the Pooh and Harry Potter are technically British creations, they have also gained a significant following in Japan. These cultural crossovers show how a shared love for certain things can transcend borders and unite people.

10. American Greaser Culture in Japan

The final user shared that 50’s style greasers are surprisingly popular in Japan. The pompadours, leather jackets, and rockabilly music are embraced by a subculture in Tokyo’s Yoyogi Park. Every Sunday, groups gather to dance to the music and show off their elaborate outfits. While the origin of this fascination with American greaser culture is unclear, it has become a beloved aspect of Japanese fashion and entertainment.

• “Normal For Boomers In The 80s And Taboo Today” 10 Unacceptable Things Boomers Did That Would Never Happen Now

The society in which you live today has some specific norms. If you compare it to the Boomers’ generation, you’ll realize that you can’t do everything that they did in their time. There are many things baby boomers enjoyed as a part of their childhood.

Gen Z or Gen Alpha can’t even imagine doing those things, as it is way unacceptable in this era. Here are a few things Baby Boomers got away with but is a common thing today:

• “The South Isn’t Friendly” 12 Dangerous U.S. Cities You May Want To Move To Before Visiting, Don’t Make That Mistake

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America still has the world's busiest airport

• New data on the world's busiest airports in 2023 reveals the latest trends in global travel. 
• 8.5 billion passengers traveled by plane last year, almost marking a return to pre-pandemic levels.   
• Airports in Asia and the Middle East became busier, but the US has once again clinched the top spot. 

International travel is almost back to pre-pandemic levels, according to the just-released list of the world's busiest airports in 2023.

8.5 billion passengers traveled globally by plane last year — up from 7 billion passengers in 2022 .

The rise in air travel marks a recovery to 93.8% of levels in 2019 before the world shut down, according to preliminary data published by the Airports Council International (ACI), a trade association that includes 2,600 airports worldwide.

Increasing travel to airports in Asia and the Middle East was one of the key trends to emerge from the data, with Dubai International Airport jumping from the fifth to the second busiest airport in the world.

Airports in India, Japan, and Turkey also made it into the top 10 and were some of the biggest movers in terms of annual gains in passenger numbers.

As the world's largest domestic market for flights , US airports still make up five of the busiest airports in the world, with Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport retaining its No. 1 position.

Despite tough global economic conditions, there was "a growing inclination towards travel," Luis Felipe de Oliveira, the ACI's world director general, said in a press release.

"Airports continue to demonstrate their resilience and adaptability amidst the challenges posed by the ever-evolving landscape of global travel," said Oliveira.

Here's a closer look at the top 10 busiest airports in the world.

10. Indira Gandhi International Airport, Delhi, India

Passengers: 72.2 million

2022 ranking: 9th

Delhi's main airport, Indira Gandhi International Airport, saw a 21.4% increase in year-on-year traffic. While it has dropped a place this year, Delhi has grown significantly as a transport hub since 2019, when it sat at number 19 in the rankings.

9. Chicago O’Hare International Airport, USA

Passengers: 73.9 million

2022 ranking: 4th

Travel through Chicago O'Hare jumped by 8.1% throughout 2023. O'Hare is a hub airport for domestic travel, particularly for United and American Airlines flights. It is also a focus city for low-cost rivals Spirit Airlines and Frontier Airlines.

8. Los Angeles International Airport, USA

Passengers: 75.1 million

2022 ranking: 6th

Travel through LAX was up 13.8% in 2023, however, compared to pre-pandemic levels in 2019, passengers at the West Coast airport decreased by 14.8% — the largest decrease of any airport in the top ten rankings. LAX is a hub for a number of carriers, including Alaska Airlines, United, American, and Delta. But domestic travel at the airport shrunk dramatically as airlines cut the number of flights following a series of meltdowns in 2022.

7. Istanbul Airport, Turkey

Passengers: 76 million

2022 ranking: 7th

Passenger numbers at Turkey's Istanbul airport have increased by 18.3%, making it the only transit hub to keep level with its previous ranking in the top 10. Notably, traffic through the airport has jumped by 45.7% since 2019.

6. Denver International Airport, USA

Passengers: 77.8 million

2022 ranking: 3rd

Denver Airport has dropped down several places on the list but still shows strong signs of growth in terms of passengers. In the last year traffic through the Colorado airport was up 12.3%, and it has also grown 12.8% from pre-pandemic levels.

5. Tokyo Haneda International Airport, Japan

Passengers: 78.7 million

2022 ranking: 16th

Japan's Tokyo Haneda Airport saw the largest increase in traffic by far, with passenger numbers surging by 55.1%. Some of that jump can be explained by a lag in tourism as Japan only reopened its borders in late 2022. Despite the jump, Tokyo Haneda is still 7.9% under its 2019 level of traffic. This January the airport made headlines after a fatal collision involving a Japan Airlines plane and a coastguard vehicle killed five people.

4. London Heathrow, UK

Passengers: 79.2 million

2022 ranking: 8th

Travel through the UK's largest airport shot up by 218% in 2022 and has once again made strong gains throughout 2023, jumping by a slightly more modest 28.5%. The airport has credited travel from the Asia-Pacific region as a major factor in its increased passenger numbers. It hopes to supersede its pre-pandemic level of traffic in 2024 and hit a record 81.4 million passengers, the airport said in a report published in December.

3. Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, USA

Passengers: 81.8 million

2022 ranking: 2nd

Dallas/Fort Worth airport , known as DFW, is American Airlines' busiest hub and the departure city for many of the airline's international flights. Last year traffic through the airport jumped by 11.4%.

2. Dubai International Airport, UAE

Passengers: 87 million

2022 ranking: 5th

Dubai took the number 2 ranking in the list for the first time, thanks to a significant 31.7% increase in passenger numbers. Dubai's new position reflects the heavy investment that has gone into the aviation industry and boosting tourism in the region.

1. Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, USA

Passengers: 104.7 million

2022 ranking: 1st

Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport comes in at No. 1 as the busiest airport in the world, a position it has held for more than two decades. In 2023, the Atlanta airport saw an 11.7% increase in passenger numbers.

Here's a look at what it takes to be an air traffic controller at the world's busiest airport.

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Global ambitions? U.S. and Japan eye a boosted partnership, but the hurdles are high.

When Prime Minister Fumio Kishida began a historic summit Wednesday at the White House, he came with an important message for U.S. President Joe Biden: Japan is ready to act as America's "global partner" in maintaining the rules-based international order and countering China’s growing assertiveness.

From revamping the U.S. military’s command in Japan to U.S. ship maintenance and an expanded technological and defense-industrial collaboration, the list of new security initiatives is long — a reflection of what the two allies called the start of a “new era” as bilateral ties evolve from “alliance protection to alliance projection.”

The announcements, described as heralding a historic upgrade in defense relations, are underpinned by two main factors: Japan's willingness to assume greater agency within the alliance — in Asia and beyond — and both governments' desire to cement these initiatives ahead of November's U.S. presidential election.

The aim is to institutionalize these measures as soon as possible to prevent potential backsliding under a possible return to power by former President Donald Trump, whose unpredictable foreign policy has left many world leaders on edge.

“The U.S. is trying to make Japan the hinge about which its Asia-Pacific defense network-building efforts rotate,” said Chase Blazek, Asia-Pacific analyst at U.S.-based geopolitics and intelligence firm RANE. He said that the flurry of new initiatives highlights how Biden and Kishida are increasing the “depth and breadth” of bilateral defense and security cooperation, including on critical and emerging technologies.

James Schoff, a U.S.-Japan alliance expert at the Sasakawa Peace Foundation USA, went even further, arguing that the latest agreements are necessary steps intended to deter aggression in the region.

“While increased defense spending helps, Kishida and Biden understand that they can effectively bolster deterrence with some integration of the two countries’ defense establishments,” he said.

Rather than just buying more weapons, the allies can make better use of what they have by “improving their ability to combine capabilities tailored to certain situations” and allowing for greater coordination and integration.

And this is exactly what the allies are doing.

One of the Biden-Kishida summit’s main deliverables was an agreement to restructure and expand the functions of the U.S. military command in Japan in what is set to be the biggest upgrade to the security alliance in decades.

The goal is to enhance the alliance’s operational planning, joint exercises and command-and-control (C2) coordination as Japan prepares to launch a new joint operations command by next March.

Headquartered at Yokota Air Base in Tokyo, the U.S. Forces Japan command has limited authority for managing troops, which is currently largely the responsibility of Indo-Pacific Command in Hawaii.

“This makes USFJ more of a policy headquarters than an operational one until there is a defined contingency requiring a joint forces commander in Japan,” a former alliance manager said on condition of anonymity.

While the intended restructuring would not create a combined command — like that between the U.S. and South Korea — it should enable a more seamless integration of operations and capabilities as well as greater interoperability and intelligence-sharing between the allies both in peacetime and during contingencies, according to a joint statement released after the summit.

The countries’ foreign and defense ministers are expected to meet in Japan as soon as late May to hash out the details, although experts say this would only mark a first step toward what should be larger C2 improvements in the months and years ahead.

Cooperation is also expected to deepen between the allies’ defense industries. Washington announced that it will continue reviewing opportunities for forward-deployed U.S. warships and aircraft — including engines of fourth-generation fighters — to undergo extensive repair and maintenance work in Japan.

The goal is to improve operational efficiency while saving time and money by having these assets serviced in the region they operate in, instead of back in the U.S. The two countries will convene the first working group for ship repair in Japan by June.

Other defense-industrial agreements include efforts to co-develop an interceptor missile to counter hypersonic warheads, as well as steps to deepen cybersecurity cooperation and create a “Forum on Defense Industrial Cooperation, Acquisition and Sustainment.”

The forum's aim is to explore the joint development, production and sustainment of defense equipment, including interoperable air-defense missiles, with U.S. officials quoted as saying that they see “huge potential” in integrating Japan into the U.S. defense-industrial base.

Kishida’s ruling Liberal Democratic Party has long desired to build a sustainable and profitable defense-industrial base in Japan, but there had never been enough incentive or risk mitigation measures to promote it, given Japan's strict defense export guidelines.

But this is changing rapidly as Tokyo has begun loosening the export rules.

Late last year, the government decided to allow the sale of finished defense products, including lethal ones, manufactured in Japan under foreign license to the patent-holding countries. These revisions — the first since 2014 — followed a U.S. request for the sale of license-built Patriot missiles to help replenish American stockpiles depleted by Washington’s military assistance to war-torn Ukraine.

Analysts don't rule out that similar U.S. requests could follow as part of efforts indirectly support Ukraine with badly needed military supplies.

The allies also approved the launch of a working group to explore opportunities for future fighter pilot training, including the co-development and co-production of common jet trainers.

If the latter is realized, however, it is unclear whether the new trainer would be compatible with the next-generation fighter aircraft Japan is currently co-developing with Britain and Italy.

Japan’s potential cooperation with the U.S., Britain and Australia — within the framework of the three countries’ AUKUS security pact — was also on the summit agenda. If formally invited in the coming months to take part, Tokyo’s contribution will be centered around developing and sharing advanced capabilities across areas such as hypersonics, anti-submarine warfare and cyberweapons, as well as quantum computing and artificial intelligence.

Separately, Tokyo and Washington will also work together with Canberra on autonomous and unmanned aerial systems as well as on a networked air-defense architecture, according to the joint statement. The goal of the latter is to create a network of radars and sensors that will better integrate the three countries’ ballistic and air-defense capabilities in the region.

Under Kishida, Japan has been expanding security ties with like-minded countries not just in Asia, but around the world at a pace without recent parallel.

The main factor driving this sense of urgency is China’s rise as a superpower and its military actions in the region, with the allies vowing to conduct “deterrence operations to address escalatory or provocative activities around Japan.”

Tokyo has referred to such activities as posing “the greatest strategic challenge” to ensuring the peace and security of Japan, repeatedly expressing concern about Beijing’s military buildup and what it sees as China’s “attempts to unilaterally change the status quo by force.”

But that’s not all.

“Japan faces an arc of risk to its west — from Russia in the north, to North Korea in the middle and China in the south,” Robert Ward, the Japan chair at the International Institute for Strategic Studies, said, adding that the strategic cooperation between Beijing and Moscow on the one hand, and Moscow and Pyongyang on the other, is further fueling anxiety in Tokyo about the potential for a three-front conflict.

The view from China has, predictably, been quite different, with the state-run Global Times newspaper accusing Tokyo in a recent editorial of not just following Washington’s “layout of containing and suppressing” China but even “actively taking a leading role” in it.

But can Japan truly be America's global partner?

Experts are divided over the issue.

Some argue that the “global partnership” label should be understood as separate from closer defense ties as there are no concrete plans to globalize the alliance and Tokyo’s focus will likely remain on East Asia, except perhaps for its future role in the international defense supply chain.

Others, however, believe that the alliance has already gone global, with the phrase merely reflecting Tokyo’s evolving security conceptions. They point to Japan’s closer relations with NATO, its expanding network of international security partners — including U.S.-led groupings such as “the Quad” — and Kishida’s efforts to not only link the European and Asian security theaters in the name of upholding the international rules-based order.

That said, experts agree that Japan will face substantial hurdles in fulfilling this global role, as its contributions to international security will remain constrained by domestic demands, resources, politics and constitutional restraints.

“Japan has an aging population and may not be financially able to withstand a 2% increase in defense spending in the future,” said Masashi Okuyama, an expert on U.S.-Japan relations and a visiting professor at Tama University. Moreover, the Self-Defense Forces have been plagued by recruitment problems , forcing Tokyo to perform a complex balancing act.

On this note, Masashi Murano, a Japan chair fellow at the Hudson Institute, believes that Tokyo’s global contributions must be adjusted to the extent that they don’t undermine its commitment to defending itself and its immediate regional security interest.

As an example, he cited Tokyo’s strong support for Ukraine in its battle to beat back Russian invaders — and Japan’s potential limits to continuing to do so in the event of a regional emergency.

“Japan should support Ukraine, but only to the extent that this does not interfere with its response to a potential Taiwan crisis.”

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Japan may be the U.S.’s most important ally

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In a landmark address to Congress, Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida hailed the United States as an “indispensable” nation . And he voiced sympathy for Americans “who feel the loneliness and exhaustion of being the country that has upheld the international order almost single-handedly” over the past decades. But, Kishida stressed, Japan was ready to share the United States’ burden.

It’s been close to a decade since a Japanese leader has come for a state visit and Kishida seemed to be making up for lost time. At a state dinner at the White House on Wednesday, he was fed salmon and steak and serenaded by legendary musician Paul Simon. He participated in a landmark trilateral security summit with President Biden and their counterpart from the Philippines, President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. And he signaled throughout how Japan was shaking off decades of official pacifism in favor of a more robust security role in Asia.

The United States and Japan hammered out dozens of new agreements on defense cooperation. The countries’ militaries will forge a new joint command structure that will better enable them to counter the putative threat posed by China, especially to the self-ruling island of Taiwan. And they will, together with Australia, develop a new Pacific-based air missile defense network.

“This is the most significant upgrade in our alliance since it was first established,” said Biden following meetings at the White House on Wednesday.

“On the spaceship called ‘Freedom and Democracy,’ Japan is proud to be your shipmate,” Kishida told Congress, with a rather fanciful metaphor. “We are on deck, we are on task. And we are ready to do what is necessary.”

Taking center stage in Washington offered Kishida a brief reprieve from mounting woes at home , where support for his government has slipped amid a scandal over political fundraising. In the United States, the Japanese prime minister could point to the major transformation ushered in under his watch, a change in Japan’s strategic outlook that was first driven by Kishida’s late predecessor Shinzo Abe.

“In the past two years, Japan has taken previously unthinkable steps to bolster its defense capabilities , including increasing its defense budget to 2 percent of gross domestic product over five years, making it the third-largest in the world, and acquiring ‘ counterstrike ’ capabilities to hit enemy bases with long-range missiles,” detailed my colleague Michelle Ye Hee Lee .

Kishida, a Hiroshima native who has spoken forcefully about the need for nuclear disarmament, is not a hotheaded militarist. But, as he told Congress, he views China’s “current external stance and military actions” as “the greatest strategic challenge, not only to the peace and security of Japan but to the peace and stability of the international community at large.” And he has worked to boost Japan’s capacity to react to this perceived challenge.

“He’s picked up on some of the important elements of the Abe revolution and advanced them in subtle and effective ways. He’s been able to do what Abe wasn’t able to do,” said Daniel Russel, former assistant secretary of state for East Asian and Pacific affairs, to my colleagues . “He’s got dovish politics and aura, but what that really means is that he’s trusted in ways that Abe never was.”

Now, Kishida is positioning Japan at the heart of the “latticework” of alliances , as Biden officials put it, that the United States hopes will undergird their interests in Asia. This includes the “Quad” linking Japan, Australia, India and the United States; the new understandings forged between the Philippines, the United States and Japan in the face of Chinese assertiveness in the South China Sea and over Taiwan; and an increased Japanese role in the next stage of naval security collaboration between Australia, Britain and the United States.

If Washington policymakers get to realize the long-sought “pivot to Asia,” it seems Japan must be the key hinge in that turn.

“Many describe NATO as the United States’ indispensable alliance—and it remains a top priority,” wrote Jeffrey Hornung in Foreign Affairs . “But given the geopolitical shift to the Indo-Pacific, it is time to make the U.S.-Japanese alliance far more central to American grand strategy.” He argued that the U.S.-Japan partnership should be the “hub” around which all the “spokes” of these other groupings in the region should revolve.

Beyond expanding defense cooperation, Kishida also stressed Japan’s shared values with the United States. That’s important at a time of growing fatigue in the West over the demands of supporting Ukraine as it resists Russian invasion, and apparent indifference among countries in the Global South. Kishida cajoled U.S. lawmakers to continue aiding Kyiv, with new funds stymied in Congress.

“My visits to Kyiv and Bucha last March had a very significant impact on me,” Kishida told Lee in an interview that preceded his arrival in Washington, referring to the Ukrainian capital and the nearby town that was the site of a grisly massacre carried out by Russian troops. “Actually touching the harsh and tragic reality of the war through the visit made me more determined in pursuing … lasting peace in Ukraine as soon as possible.”

Kishida pointed to Japan’s own significant contributions to Ukraine’s cause , including more than $12 billion in aid and support in boosting Kyiv’s anti-drone detection capabilities. U.S. analysts thrill at Japan’s willingness to engage in a conflict far from its neighborhood.

“Unlike many Western democracies, Japan has avoided the worst impulses of populism and isolationism,” wrote Richard Armitage, a former U.S. deputy secretary of state, and Joseph Nye, a Harvard political scientist, in a report calling on Tokyo and Washington to even further deepen their alliance. “Its role in supporting a free and open international order grounded in the rule of law is therefore more important than ever.”

The subtext here, as it is on so many fronts, is China. Kishida and Biden’s close embrace is a reaction to Beijing’s perceived expansionism, and recent record of bullying, including in its maritime dispute with the Philippines.

“The Indo-Pacific comes down to two strategic visions,” Rahm Emanuel, the U.S. ambassador to Japan, told Washington Post columnist Josh Rogin in an interview. “One is that this is China’s neighborhood and China makes the rules. The other is that the United States is a permanent Pacific power that you can bet long. The U.S. version is gaining ground.”

“My message to Xi Jinping is, ‘Don’t change,’” Emanuel added, suggesting that the Chinese president’s behavior was strengthening the United States’ hand. “Keep it up at home and in the neighborhood. He deserves recognition for all his assistance.”

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The US ambassador to Japan says boosting arms industry ties is key to a stronger security alliance

In this photo provided by U.S. Embassy in Japan, U.S. Ambassador to Japan, Rahm Emanuel, speaks during his visit to Mitsubishi Heavy Industries’ F-35 fighter jet final assembly and inspection plant in Toyoyama, Aichi prefecture, western Japan, Tuesday, April 16, 2024. (U.S. Embassy via AP)

In this photo provided by U.S. Embassy in Japan, U.S. Ambassador to Japan, Rahm Emanuel, center left, poses with the officials of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) and Lockheed, during his visit to a MHI’s F-35 fighter jet final assembly and inspection plant in the town of Toyoyama in the Aichi prefecture, western Japan, Tuesday, April 16, 2024. (U.S. Embassy via AP)

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TOKYO (AP) — The U.S. ambassador to Japan urged Tokyo on Tuesday to take a greater role in developing, producing and supplying weapons “to enhance our collective security” amid conflict in Ukraine, Gaza and elsewhere.

The United States alone can no longer supply all democracies, Ambassador Rahm Emanuel said during a visit to a Mitsubishi Heavy Industries’ F-35 fighter jet factory. He stressed the importance of stronger defense industry cooperation between the allies.

The visit came after Prime Minister Fumio Kishida’s trip to Washington, where he met with President Joe Biden and highlighted Japan’s commitment to do more as a reliable partner, especially in defense cooperation.

The countries will now look at what Japan can co-license, co-produce and co-develop, Emanuel told reporters. “It’s extremely exciting to bring Japan’s industrial capability, its engineering smarts, onto the field on behalf of the alliance,” he said.

Japan, due to its wartime past as aggressor, had long banned most arms exports, a principle that left its defense industry with high prices, aging technology and scant government support. A number of Japanese arms makers left the business.

But under the national security strategy that Kishida’s government adopted in 2022, Japan is accelerating its military buildup and increasing its defense budget in the face of threats from China, North Korea and Russia. Japan pledged to acquire what it calls counter-strike capability and purchased 400 Tomahawk long-range cruise missiles.

Japan also has stepped up support for its defense industry and drastically eased arms export rules. It allowed the sale of lethal weapons to countries from which they were licensed and the overseas sales of a fighter jet it is developing with Britain and Italy. The changes have allowed Japan to ship Japanese-made PAC-3 missiles to the U.S. to help replace those contributed by Washington to Ukraine.

According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute’s latest report in December, only four Japanese arms manufacturers ranked among the top 100 global companies. Japan also ranked among top arms importers, mostly of costly U.S. arsenals.

But Japanese firms including Mitsubishi Heavy say they expect the country’s recent shift will bring significant growth to the industry.

Many U.S. allies have been increasing defense budgets and capabilities following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the Hamas attack on Israel. To meet obligations of security, defense and deterrence, “we cannot afford for Japan to be on the sidelines,” the U.S. ambassador said.

Mitsubishi Heavy’s F-35 final assembly and checkout plant near Nagoya produces six of the Lockheed Martin Corp.’s F-35 jets a year and provides maintenance work for those deployed in Japan. The ambassador called the F-35 “the most modern and capable jet we have in our collective defense and deterrence industries.”

Areas of potential cooperation will be discussed at a military industry council and reported to foreign and defense ministers in both countries, Emanuel said.