birding tours colombia

Manakin Nature Tours, the best birdwatching and wildlife photography tours in Colombia and Latin America.

Enjoy nature with us! Is not just Birding, are amazing nature holidays!

Enjoy nature with us!

Is not just Birding, are amazing nature holidays

Discover the Nature of Colombia

A paradise for birding and nature photography

Colombia, the Land of Birds

SAVE THE HARPY EAGLE IN COLOMBIA

This is an excellent opportunity to promote the conservation of the Harpy Eagle, in a location that is easily accessible for research studies, linking local communities in education and tourism programs as an economic alternative for its development

SET DEPARTURES

Welcome to our scheduled trips section!

Get ready to embark on the thrill of discovering new species, to be amazed by breathtaking landscapes, and to be part of a community that shares your love for biodiversity. Join us on this exciting journey where birds and nature become the inspiration for your next great adventure. We look forward to having you!

OUR BIRDING AND WILDLIFE DESTINATIONS

Colombia is located in the northwest of South America, its rich geography is characterized by its six main natural regions, each of which has unique characteristics and makes it one of the best destinations in the world for bird watching. Latin America contains the lowland and highland forests with the highest abundance of species on the planet, many of them with a reduced range of distribution and with a high number of endemisms in their isolated ecosystems, which makes it one of the best destinations for bird and wildlife watching in the world.

Latin America comprises the lowland and highland forests with the highest bird-diversity on the planet, many of them with restricted distribution ranges and a remarkable number of endemisms in most of their isolated ecosystems, in consequence, Colombia is a paradise on earth for photographers and nature lovers, and of course, no one better for birdwatchers and ornithologists.

Andes & Chocó Biogeographic Region

Magdalena and Cauca Valley, Colombia

Colombian Amazon

Colombian Llanos

Caribbean Region or Atlantic Coast

Colombia Pacific Coast

Colombian Massif and Southern

Latin America

Awesome nature holidays.

We are a Colombian birds and wildlife observation company with a vast knowledge of Colombia and Latin America and our main objective is to offer a service of the best quality and ensure that the experience of looking birds and nature in the region with the greatest biodiversity in the world is pleasant, memorable and successful. We have a wide variety of established itineraries, but we always strive to personalize our trips according to the needs and scope of each client, therefore we offer the best transport, accommodation and gastronomy options that can be found in each of the countries in those we operate. We work with professional Latin American guides, all young, friendly, fun, and passionate about birds and nature. We adapt to the requirements of each group, with the capacity and flexibility to offer a personalized service, which means that a tour with Manakin Nature Tours runs smoothly and will be wonderful.

Thanks to having a great team of professionals, we have a great company

Professional Birding and Wildlife Guide

Biologist from the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, member of the ornithology group since 2011 and coordinator between 2012 and 2013. He worked for a year developing a database of bird morphology of High Andean and Paramo ecosystems.

Founder and Product Manager

Co-owner / Founder in Manakin Nature Tours and Biologist from the Universidad del Tolima with 19 years of experience in birding and scientific research of critically endangered bird species.

Founder and General Manager

Co-owner / Founder in Manakin Nature Tours and Biologist from the Universidad Pedagógica de Colombia. She worked on scientific research of four important critically endangered species of birds.

Cristian was born in 1990 and grew-up in Pereira, specifically in the Otún river basin. He studied in a school for agricultural tourism in a rural area where he discovered a passion for birds, which leads him to become one of the best birding guides in the country since 2013.

OUR BEST BIRDING AND NATURE TOURS

Colombia is home to at least 1950 species of birds, 3274 species of butterflies, 4270 species of orchids, 492 species of mammals, 803 species of amphibians, 537 species of reptiles, 2000 species of marine fish, 1435 species of freshwater fish and much more. These numbers speak for themselves and put the country on any wildlife observer or photographer’s radar. Not only does Colombia have an incredible biodiversity, but its variety of landscapes, habitats, ecosystems and cultural riches means an incredible experience for anyone. From the Andean ecosystems, the rainiest pacific jungles of the planet, or the most remote places of the Amazon. Colombia is considered the second most mega diverse country in the world, without a doubt a country that you should explore.

Classic Andes & Choco

Classic Magdalena Valley & Atlantic Coast

Classic Colombian Amazon

Classic Atlantic Coast & Serranias

Classic Pacific Coast & Cauca Valley

Classic Llanos Foothills and Aurora

Classic Amazon Foothills and Massif

Classic Trans – Amazonic Birding Trial

Testimonial.

I have travelled with Luis and Manakin three times in Colombia and I found my 7000th species of bird with them. They know where the birds are, and we find them most of the time. Logistics … Read More

Manakin Tours has many years of experience in running tours throughout Colombia, and I’ve traveled with them several times. The logistics have always been excellent, and the guides .. read more

Luis Urueña Manakin and his guides, Alejandro Pinto , etc. offer the most amazing birding experiences in Colombia. My friends from Ohio and all of the birders who have joined our.. read more

THANK YOU so very much for providing us with a Columbian experience we will never forget. From the moment we first heard about Manakin Nature Tours Columbia and the positive comments… read more

OUR HISTORY AND PURPOSE IN A VIDEO

CONSERVATION PROGRAMS

Our company´s main guidelines are based on promoting different conservation strategies that allow us to help not only ecosystems but also people who live near important places for birds and wildlife. We, work day by day to take care of birds and nature in the country and in Latin America; for this reason, we have created a donation fund aimed at our clients and the company’s contributions to support with resources four specifically initiatives that we consider are very important as conservation strategies in the country. You will be able to know more about these initiatives by clicking on the photo. Your help matters. Be part of the new generation of people who support conservation through tourism and not just a regular leisure traveler. The above just to tell you Please Help Us!

Tree Nurserys and Ecological Restoration

Natural reserves and protected areas, conservation studies, ecological groups and enviromental education, birding and nature blog and trip reports.

A great team of professionals keeps us informed about different topics that have to do with bird and wildlife observation, nature conservation, anecdotes, results of trips, environmental problems and possible solutions, among others. With this blog, we want to make you feel part of the research, reports and points of view of our staff and our strategic allies in Colombia and Latin America. You are welcome to contact us or to write about an environmental issue and feedback us to [email protected].

Business mentorship program, Palafitos Villages of Colombia, transforming a violent past into biodiversity and landscape

"Manakin Nature Tours has been nominated as one of the finalists in the 4th Edition of the Responsible Tourism Awards by WTM Latin America, in the category 03: Best initiatives to promote socio-economic impact and peacebuilding through tourism." World Travel Market Latin America is a leading event in the travel and

Programa de mentorías empresariales, Pueblos Palafitos de Colombia, cambiando un pasado violento por biodiversidad y paisaje

“Manakin Nature Tours fue nominado como uno de los finalistas de la 4ª Edición de los Premios de Turismo Responsable de WTM Latín América para la categoría 03: Mejores iniciativas para promover el impacto socioeconómico y la construcción de paz a través del turismo” World Travel Market Latin America es un

COMUNICADO OFICIAL A LA COMUNIDAD OBSERVADORA DE AVES

Tunja, 11 de febrero 2024 Desde Manakin Nature Tours, como empresa dedicada al aviturismo en Colombia, queremos abordar un tema reciente que ha generado una gran controversia en la comunidad de observadores de aves a una escala mundial. Recientemente, publicamos un artículo en nuestro sitio web y nuestra redes sociales, al

Join our vibrant community and stay informed about everything. Subscribe now and be part of the action! 🌟📰

You don't have permission to register

Come join us in some of the world’s most diverse and exciting destinations for birding and nature trips, in one of the world’s most fascinating countries. Colombia is experiencing a historical transformation politically, making it one of the safest travel destinations in Latin America, and our Colombian compatriots are eager to show off the biological, cultural, ethnic and gastronomic diversity the country has to offer. We want to welcome you to Colombia, with open arms and the guarantee that after birding with us in the birdiest country on the planet, you will not be disappointed!

We hope our site mesmerizes you with its breath-taking photography and that while you enjoy it you will also learn about our country and its avian diversity. The idea is to inspire you to pick from the set-departure trips we offer throughout the year, or perhaps help you plan your customized tour with us if you wish to travel with your spouse, family or a group of birding buddies. After all, travel is the only thing you buy that makes you richer.

We are an efficient and reliable company, offering the highest level detail and service from start to finish. And we are ecstatic to announce the grand opening of Araucana Lodge, our brand new birding lodge designed specifically for birders with easy access to some of the best birding site in Colombia. Click here to view our Gran Opening Tour Specials.

COLOMBIA BIRDWATCH PROMOTIONAL VIDEO

NEW SPECIES FOR COLOMBIA

A new species to science has been discovered 90 minutes from Araucana Lodge, and locals are in the process of taming a pair so we hope to be able to visit the site in 2020. The bird is locally called Dancing Antpitta because it has a habit of shaking back and forth, but also in honor of the city of Cali, the salsa dancing capital of the world. This makes species number 562 for the city, one of the birdiest on the planet, home to more than 5% of the world’s species.

UPCOMING GROUP TOURS YOU CAN JOIN

Sword-billed Hummingbird

WHERE THE BIRDS DANCE

Western and central andean endemics, cauca valley and choco specialties.

Black-fronted Wood-Quail

COLOMBIA ENDEMICS

The anchicaya valley, western and central andes, cauca valley, santa marta mountains and caribbean coast.

Toucan Barbet

BIRDING FOR PEACE

The anchicaya valley, the colombian massif and putumayo.

Santa Marta Warbler

FOLLOWING THE STEPS OF "THE BIRDERS DOCUMENTARY"

The northern colombia birding trail the santa marta mountains, caribbean coast and perija mountains.

Paradise Tanager

BIRDING FOR PEACE WITH CARL SAFINA

Pance river - purace np - la cocha - bordoncillo - trampoline of diversity - rumiyaco - san joaquin - km 18 - anchicaya - san cipriano, araucana lodge grand opening specials.

Ruby-topaz Hummingbird

BIRD PHOTOGRAPHY TOUR The Best Bird Feeder Sites in Colombia

Multicolored Tanager

ARAUCANA LODGE GRAND OPENING TOUR

Western and central andean specialties.

Scarlet-and-white Tanager

CHOCO ENDEMICS BONANZA TOUR

Our birding regions.

WESTERN ANDES, CAUCA VALLEY AND PACIFIC LOWLANDS

NORTHERN COLOMBIA BIRDING TRAIL: SANTA MARTA MOUNTAINS, GUAJIRA AND SERRANIA DE PERIJA

CENTRAL ANDES AND NORTHERN PORTION OF WESTERN ANDES

EASTERN ANDES AND MAGDALENA VALLEY

SOUTHERN COLOMBIA: PUTUMAYO AND THE COLOMBIAN MASSIF

REMOTE COLOMBIA: MITU, SAN JOSE DEL GUAVIARE, INIRIDA, HATO LA AURORA

REMOTE COLOMBIA: URABA GULF

Hear What our Travelers Have to Say

“Overall, I give this trip a 9.5 out of 10 rating! The local guides were great, and Chris, as a tour leader and planner, couldn’t have been more helpful and accommodating. The best thing about the trip was how personal it was. Colombians treated us like royalty, but also like good friends. Safety was absolutely not an issue in the parts of Colombia we visited.” Sherry Perry, Klamath Falls, Oregon.

About Colombia

With close to 1900 species of birds, Colombia is the Land of Birds. No other country in the world has more species of birds than Colombia, which has about 20% of the world's species. Colombia's immense natural richness is positioning the country as one of the top birding destinations in the world. With 72 endemic species, astounding geography, culture and cuisine, and a growing capacity to provide world-class services in urban and rural settings, Colombia is soon becoming the go-to destination for birders from around the planet.

• The Colombia Birdwatch Experience Our Commitment to Sustainability About Colombia Peace in Colombia Hear What our Travelers Have to Say Policies and Sustainability
• Upcoming Tours Custom Tours Trip Reports Cancellation Policy
• Our Birding Routes Western Andes, Cauca Valley and Pacific Lowlands Northern Colombia Birding Trail Central Andes and Northern Portion of Western Andes Eastern Andes and Magdalena Valley Southern Colombia: Putumayo and the Colombia Massif Remote Colombia: Mitu, San Jose del Guaviare, Inirida, Hato la Aurora Remote Colombia: Uraba Gulf
• Photo Expeditions

Information

For more information, questions, availability or to register for a Colombia Birdwatch tour, please contact Christopher Calonje at:

[email protected]

• © Design by: CBdesign
• Images: Special Thanks to Juan Jose Arango for allowing us to use his amazing pictures.

Tailor-made tour experts

• Andean Essentials birding trip
• The Caribbean Coast and Santa Marta Mountains
• The Western & Central Andes of Colombia. Photographic tour

The Mid-Magdalena Valley of Colombia

• Inírida, jewel of the Orinoco
• The Southern Colombia birding trip
• Andes region
• Caribbean Coast & Santa Marta Mountains

Santa Marta Mountains

• Amazon region

Southern Colombia

• Mid-Magdalena Valley
• Terms & Conditions

Birding specialists

Every tour is customized to your unique needs. Whether you long to spot every bird in the world’s birdiest country or seek out a rare species, we have tours for all levels of birders.

High-quality affordable tours

We deliver exceptional value for money. We focus on achieving a genuine balance between cost and memorable experiences, ensuring your satisfaction.

The best birding routes

Our thoughtfully planned itineraries cover Colombia’s vital birding hotspots for an unforgettable experience.

We know the country

As a Colombian company, our expertise lies in extensive travel throughout the country, granting us intimate familiarity with every facet essential for a successful trip.

Read reviews from our satisfied customers

Our tour packages.

Colombia, a birdwatcher’s paradise , boasts a staggering 2,000 bird species, providing diverse birding encounters from the northern Caribbean Coast to the far south Putumayo region.

Our birding tours encompass the entire country , spanning from the lofty paramos of the Andes to the lush lowland rainforests of the Amazon. With tours catering to all expertise levels, from novices to seasoned experts, we ensure an unforgettable experience for everyone.

Whether you desire a brief day trip or an immersive multi-day expedition , we have the ideal tour awaiting you. Moreover, our custom-designed tours empower you to tailor your adventure to your specific interests.

Don’t delay any further! Embrace the captivating birding wonders of Colombia, the birdiest country.

Andean essentials birding trip

The Western & Central Andes of Colombia. Photographic birding tour

The Caribbean Coast & Santa Marta mountains of Colombia

Inírida, the jewel of the Colombian Orinoco region

Southern Colombia Birding Trip

Search tour, birding blog.

Inirida and the Mid-Magdalena Valley of Colombia

The Chiribiquete emerald, the search for a dream hummingbird

Return to the Harpy Eagle nest

Colombia, a tailor-made birding adventure

The Harpy Eagle birding trip

El Esmeralda de Chiribiquete, la búsqueda de un colibrí soñado

Birding in the Chestnut-capped Piha reserve

De pajareo en la rna arrierito antioqueño.

De regreso a la acción

Popular destinations.

Embark on our extraordinary tours that explore Colombia’s most crucial regions, each boasting a wealth of biodiversity. Discover our regional trips and begin crafting your dream birding trip today!

Mid-Magdalena valley

Caribbean Coast

Featured Video

Harpy Eagle

We visited the newly established Harpy Eagle reserve in Colombia’s Eastern Andes foothills on our most recent birding trip. We were blown away by the incredible views of a young Harpy Eagle and its father.

Check out the trip report here.

Video by Johnnier Arango , tour leader.

the_andean_birder

Tailor-made birding tours to Colombia, the birdiest country.

Testimonials

This was my favorite trip with Jhonnier and Viviana, and Camilo! We spent a whole day at the Harpy Eagle Reserve with these magnificent raptors as well as many other amazing birds. All the lodging was comfortable and clean. The food was great. Travel was easy. Can’t wait to return!

Western Andes Specialties – customized tour

Amazing trip with Johnnier, my 4th, Chelsea’s first Colombia birding experience led flawlessly and overwhelmingly fantastic as ever! His experience and expertise in planning and leading trips celebrating all things Colombian, nature (especially birds), community, people, food will fulfill your every wish! And leave you wanting to return again and again. ❤️🇨🇴

For my first birding adventure in Colombia, 12 wonderful days and 431 amazing bird species, I was fortunate to have Johnnier Arango as my guide. Johnnier is an excellent birder, by ear and eyes, and more importantly, an excellent guide, always making sure the birds are seen as good as possible, even the Antpittas! Colombia is a beautiful country, the people are welcoming and friendly. Every aspect of the trip was well planned, comfortable, and safe. I am excited to be planning my second trip this year!

The three of us had a tailormade month long tour in 2018 for our first trip to Colombia, the first two weeks of the tour was guided by Johnnier, The Andean Birder, he was an excellent guide, his knowledge of the birds and the country was exceptional, his eyes and ears were incredible, seeing and hearing birds that we would never have seen without him. We were so impressed by our trip that we returned in 2019, another two week tailormade tour with Johnnier, his tour was well planned with good accommodation, he was also fun to bird with, friendly and always used great local guides and careful drivers, always made sure we were safe and happy, nothing was too much trouble, when I expressed an interest in Humpback whales he organised an impromtu trip from Tumaco for whale watching. Every day was new and exciting, fabulous birds, fabulous country, and a fabulous guide. We cannot recommend him enough. We would like to return again to Colombia, but only if Johnnier is our guide. if you make the trip, make sure you book with the Andean Birder.

A highly competent birding guide who has organized tours of Colombia for WINGSPAN BIRD TOURS since 2017. Johnnier put together our tours of the Andes by arranging internal flights, all meals and accommodation, transport, and drivers. His knowledge of nearly 2000 bird songs is extraordinary and he has in-depth knowledge of hundreds of birding sites. Johnnier has special bird-finding skills and works very hard to help everyone in the group to see each species. A mild-mannered man he is very amenable and approachable and enjoys a laugh and a joke. Our successful tours our a credit to Johnnier, I unreservedly recommend him for your tour of Colombia.

I credit Johnnier’s excellent ears and knowledge of hotspots and hot locations within hotspots for hundreds of birds on my life list! My first trip to Colombia was only a few days long, and some of the activities planned were cultural (e.g., touring a coffee plantation), rather than pure birding. But I even scored a bunch of life birds while learning about coffee, thanks to Johnnier! He is a welcoming, patient, enthusiastic, kind guide. His birding skills—visually, by ear, and by experience—are top notch, and he’s a pleasant and fun traveling companion. I recommend him highly and would absolutely hire him next time I visit that amazing, beautiful, mind-blowing country—if he’s available!

I was the leader of a Swedish birding group with Johnnier as a birding guide for almost three weeks in February 2018. We are completely with his services. Very good knowledge of the birds and where to find them and a very well organized and prizeworthy tour! Especially impressing is Johhniers skill with the scope, He quickly found even the smallest birds in the forests and thus could give us all very good sightings of them. Thus all of us missed very few bird species, I can highly recommend Johnnier.

I was joining Stig Holmstedt and the Swedish birding group in January 2020. I fully agree with Stig. Johnnier is a great birding guide with deep knowledge of Colombian birds. I can add that it’s very important for Johnnier that everyone will see the bird/birds. As a photographer, I was very satisfied because though it sometimes was very hard to find the birds in the rainforest, Johnnier was always trying to help and find “the right spot” through the green mass of leaves where we were able to see the bird. The trip was very well organized and went very smoothly. We could just focus on the birds and lay back when there was time for that. We saw a bit over 600 different species and a lot of rarities too.. As Stig I can highly recommend Johnnier!

Proceed Booking

Already a member.

Username or E-mail

Forget Password?

Don't have an account? Create one.

Or continue as guest.

WhatsApp us

Unforgettable birding

Experiences.

We are a Colombian birding/bird watching company, planning birding tours/trips according to your desires; although small, we are solid and reliable. Native birding experience is for anyone who wants to be out - birdwatching in Colombia looking for the endemic, rarest and beautiful Colombian bird species.

One of the most biodiverse countries on earth, the longest bird species account of any country in the world; a great combination of stunning birds, beautiful landscapes and habitats, warming people, and in general nice weather, birding in Colombia is like being in many countries at once.

BIRDING WITH US

We offer you two alternatives of birding in Colombia:

Tailor-made trips (Custom trips)

Schedule tour.

Our birding trip system is much customized (tailor-made trips). We can design your dreamed birding trip to the Colombia hottest spots.

Welcome to Multicolor Birding Tours Colombia

Amazing colors, diversity and beauty.

We are just the best company specializing in birdwatching Tours in Colombia. Our team combines the best in local expertise and equipment to ensure very successful tours, allowing our customers to enjoy a safe,  comfortable and unique travel experience.

Set Departures

Next birdwatching tours colombia, these are the birdwatching tours we have scheduled for 2024 and 2025.

Min 3 PAX and Max 7 PAX

• Combo Leg A + B: $ 4900 USD for 16 days/ 16 nights.
• Combo Leg B + C: 4600 USD/person for 15 nights/ 15 days
• Combo Leg A + B+ C: $ 5800 USD for 21 days/ 21 nights

Combo Leg A + B: $ 5100 USD for 16 days/ 16 nights.

• Combo Leg B + C: 4850 USD/person for 15 nights/ 15 days
• Combo Leg A + B+ C: $ 6100 USD for 21 days/ 21 nights

Prices includes:

All logistics, Birding guide full time, local guides (7 days), hotel, lodges and food (3 meals -3 drinks/ day + basic snacks + water), ground transportation airport-airport, entry fees.

Single supplement is in average 35 US /person / night.   Approx.: $ 700 USD /person for 22 nights

Gray breasted Mountain Toucan

Purple throated Woodstar

Around 1.870 species, great birding.

Colombia’s bird list is number one in the world. Is also one of the most beautiful countries on earth for Birdwatching. There’s a diverse variety of landscapes and habitats.

Yellow Eared Parrot

Why choose multicolor birding colombia.

We are honest and clear people who really know about birding and how to keep happy our clients. Why to pay a lot more for the same or for by far less with companies that don’t have the experience on Birdwatching tours in Colombia  and that don’t care if you miss a lot of your targets?

Year Birdwatching Experience

Satisfied clients, successful birdwatching tours in colombia, careful planning and logistics, easy, flexible and secure company.

We aim to provide world-class birdwatching tours at highly competitive prices. Quite simply, we offer the best value for money for birders visiting Colombia.

Top guides.

We know vocalizations, and where the birds are.

Quality tours

We offer the best value for your money.

We exclude from our routes all potentially dangerous sites.

Conservation

Ecotourism helps to conserve biodiversity.

Latest articles in our blog

Birding news.

Birdwatching guide to visit Colombia for the first time 

Birdwatching guide to visit Colombia for the first time Birdwatching in Colombia is a top experience for any person interested...

Colombia has won again the Global Big Day contest, organized by the Cornell University

Colombia's victory in the Global Big Day birdwatching contest is a significant achievement that showcases the country's natural wealth and...

Exploring Colombia’s Endemic Species: Birdwatching Tours in Colombia

Colombia is a country blessed with extraordinary biodiversity and is recognized as one of the world's megadiverse nations. Among its...

Testimonial

Birdwatching tours client testimonials.

Multicolor Birding  is a leading birding company in Colombia. Here are just a few thoughts and testimonials from our clients:

Thanks Pablo for your extraordinary services. Without your help our trip would not have the trip  been so successful!! Pablo is without question  the best guide hat you can book  in Colombia!!

March 2015.

...the itinerary was based simply upon maximising the number of Colombian endemics and specialities, without any manic rushing between sites. The logistics worked well and Pablo was great to be with in the field. We would definitely recommend Multicolor Birding.

Pablo is an excellent guide, not only taking care of all the logistics, including arranging alternative accommodation and transport at short notice, he is an excellent birder and tireless in his attempts to find as many birds as possible. Also, Check out his  excellent book Birdwatching in Colombia.

Multicolor Bird Watching Tours Gallery

Great bird encounters.

Colombia is home to a unique variety of flora and fauna, specially birds. Photography by Glenn Bartley and Pablo Florez

Tawny Antpitta

Cerulean Warbler

Cream Coloured Woodpecker

Saffron headed Parrot

Birding with us

Special birdwatching tours for all your special needs.

We operate some standard Birdwatching Tours in Colombia with set itineraries, but we will also be delighted to help you plan an individual birdwatching tour to suit your own customized itinerary.

The Best Birdwatching Tours in Colombia

Our extensive knowledge of the country’s birds and their specific locations, plus our careful management of logistics means one thing: highly successful Birdwatching Tours. 

North Amazonia and Orinoco basin Birding Tour

Colombian Birding TourNorth Amazonia and Orinoco basin6 days Many rare and restricted distribution...

Bogota and Northern Colombia Colombian Endemics Birding Tour

Colombian Endemics Birding TourBogota and Northern Colombia7 days The highest concentration of endemic...

Western And Central Andes Colombian Endemics Birding Tour

Colombian Endemics Birding TourWestern And Central Andes 10 days The hottest birding destinations...