uk travel advisory kenya

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Kenya (Africa)

Advice for all destinations.

Read the information on the COVID-19: Health Considerations for Travel page for advice on travelling during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Vaccinations and malaria risk

Review both the Vaccination and Malaria sections on this page to find out if you may need vaccines and/or a malaria risk assessment before you travel to this country.

If you think you require vaccines and/or malaria risk assessment, you should make an appointment with a travel health professional:

• How to make an appointment with a travel health professional

A travel health risk assessment is also advisable for some people, even when vaccines or malaria tablets are not required.

• Do I need a travel health risk assessment?

Risk prevention advice 

Many of the health risks experienced by travellers cannot be prevented by vaccines and other measures need to be taken.

Always make sure you understand the wider risks at your destination and take precautions, including:

• food and water safety
• accident prevention
• avoiding insect bites
• preventing and treating animal bites
• respiratory hygiene
• hand hygiene

Our advice section gives detailed information on minimising specific health risks abroad:

• Travel Health Advice A-Z

Other health considerations

Make sure you have travel insurance before travel to cover healthcare abroad.

Find out if there are any restrictions you need to consider if you are travelling with medicines .

Know how to access healthcare at your destination: see the GOV.UK English speaking doctors and medical facilities: worldwide list

If you feel unwell on your return home from travelling abroad, always seek advice from a healthcare professional and let them know your travel history.

Vaccinations

• Confirm primary courses and boosters are up to date as recommended for life in Britain - including for example, seasonal flu vaccine (if indicated), MMR , vaccines required for occupational risk of exposure, lifestyle risks and underlying medical conditions.
• Courses or boosters usually advised: Diphtheria; Hepatitis A; Poliomyelitis; Tetanus.
• Other vaccines to consider: Hepatitis B; Meningococcal Meningitis; Rabies; Typhoid; Yellow Fever.
• Selectively advised vaccines - only for those individuals at highest risk: Cholera.

Yellow fever vaccination certificate required for travellers aged 1 year or over arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission .

Notes on the diseases mentioned above

Risk is higher during floods and after natural disasters, in areas with very poor sanitation and lack of clean drinking water.

• Diphtheria :  spread person to person through respiratory droplets. Risk is higher if mixing with locals in poor, overcrowded living conditions.

Risk is higher where personal hygiene and sanitation is poor.

Risk is higher for long stays, frequent travel and for children (exposed through cuts and scratches), those who may require medical treatment during travel.

• Meningococcal Meningitis :  spread by droplet infection through close person to person contact. Meningococcal disease is found worldwide but epidemics may occur within this country, particularly during the dry season. Risk is higher for those mixing with locals for extended periods.
• Tetanus :  spread through contamination of cuts, burns and wounds with tetanus spores. Spores are found in soil worldwide. A total of 5 doses of tetanus vaccine are recommended for life in the UK. Boosters are usually recommended in a country or situation where the correct treatment of an injury may not be readily available.
• Typhoid :  spread mainly through consumption of contaminated food and drink. Risk is higher where access to adequate sanitation and safe water is limited.
• Yellow Fever :  spread by the bite of an infected, day-biting mosquito. The disease is mainly found in rural areas of affected countries but outbreaks in urban areas do occur. Vaccination is usually recommended for all those who travel into risk areas. (View yellow fever risk areas here), and areas where there is an outbreak ongoing (check the 'news' section for outbreaks). In addition, certain countries may want to see proof of vaccination on an official yellow fever vaccination certificate - check above under Immunisations .

Malaria is a serious and sometimes fatal disease transmitted by mosquitoes.You cannot be vaccinated against malaria.

Malaria precautions

• Malaria risk is high throughout the year in the whole country, but low in Nairobi, the immediate surrounding areas, and the highlands (above 2500m) of Central, Eastern, Nyanza, Rift Valley and Western Provinces. Note that there can be a high risk in valleys of the highlands.
• Malaria precautions are essential. Avoid mosquito bites by covering up with clothing such as long sleeves and long trousers especially after sunset, using insect repellents on exposed skin and, when necessary, sleeping under a mosquito net.
• Check with your doctor or nurse about suitable antimalarial tablets.
• See malaria map – additional information can be found by clicking on the Regional Information icon below the map.
• High risk areas: atovaquone/proguanil OR doxycycline OR mefloquine  is usually advised for those visiting risk areas.
• Low to no risk areas: malaria tablets are not normally advised for Nairobi and the immediate surrounding areas.
• If you have been travelling in a malarious area and develop a fever seek medical attention promptly. Remember malaria can develop even up to one year after exposure.
• If travelling to an area remote from medical facilities, carrying standby emergency treatment for malaria may be considered.

Other Health Risks

Altitude and travel, dengue fever, schistosomiasis.

There is a risk of exposure to coronavirus (COVID-19) in this country.

Please be aware that the risk of COVID-19 in this country may change at short notice and also consider your risk of exposure in any transit countries and from travelling itself. 

• The 'News' section on this page will advise if significant case increases or outbreaks have occurred in this country.

Prior to travel, you should:

• Check the latest government guidance on the FCDO Foreign travel advice and country specific pages for travel to this country and the rules for entering the UK on return.
• Ensure you are up to date with UK recommendations on COVID-19 vaccination.
• You can check this in the FAQ's.
• If you are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 you should carefully  consider your travel plans  and consider seeking medical advice prior to making any decisions.

For further information, see  Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)  and  COVID-19: Health Considerations for Travel  pages.

Polio Vaccination Exit Recommendations

If you are visiting this country for longer than 4 weeks, you may be advised to have a booster dose of a polio-containing vaccine if you have not had one in the past 12 months. You should carry proof of having had this vaccination. Please speak to a travel health professional to discuss.

Zika Virus Infection

This country has been categorised as having a risk of Zika (ZIKV) virus transmission.

ZIKV is mainly spread through mosquito bites. The mosquito responsible most commonly bites during daylight hours and is common in towns and cities. There is a low risk of sexual transmission.

The illness is usually mild but infection during pregnancy may lead to babies being born with birth defects. There is no vaccine currently available against ZIKV.

Advice for All Travellers

You should practice strict mosquito bite avoidance at all times.

Do not travel without adequate travel insurance .

Seek pre-travel health advice from a travel health professional 6 to 8 weeks in advance of travel.

• If you are pregnant , you should postpone non-essential travel to this country.
• 2 months afterwards if you are female
• 3 months afterwards if you are male

These measures reduce the chance of sexual transmission of ZIKV and/or the risk of ZIKV infection in pregnancy.

For further information, see Zika virus infection page.

• 80 additional items in the news archive for this country

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Travel Advisory July 31, 2023

Kenya - level 2: exercise increased caution.

Reissued with obsolete COVID-19 page links removed.

Exercise increased caution in Kenya due to  crime, terrorism, civil unrest, and kidnapping .  Some areas have increased risk.  Read the entire Travel Advisory.

Do Not Travel to: Kenya-Somalia border counties and some coastal areas, due to terrorism and kidnapping .

Areas of Turkana County, due to crime .

Reconsider Travel to: Nairobi neighborhoods of Eastleigh and Kibera, due to crime and kidnapping .

Certain areas of Laikipia County, due to criminal incursions and security operations , reconsider travel through Nyahururu, Laikipia West, and Laikipia North Sub-counties.

Country Summary :  Violent crime, such as armed carjacking, mugging, home invasion, and kidnapping, can occur at any time.  Local police often lack the capability to respond effectively to serious criminal incidents and terrorist attacks.  Emergency medical and fire service is also limited. Be especially careful when traveling after dark anywhere in Kenya due to crime.

Terrorist attacks have occurred with little or no warning, targeting Kenyan and foreign government facilities, tourist locations, transportation hubs, hotels, resorts, markets/shopping malls, and places of worship. Terrorist acts have included armed assaults, suicide operations, bomb/grenade attacks, and kidnappings.

Demonstrations may occur, blocking key intersections and resulting in widespread traffic jams.  Strikes and other protest activity related to political and economic conditions occur regularly, particularly in periods near elections.  Violence associated with demonstrations, ranging from rock throwing to police using deadly force, occurs around the country; it is mostly notable in western Kenya and Nairobi.

Due to risks to civil aviation operating in the vicinity of the Kenyan-Somali border, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has issued a Notice to Air Missions (NOTAM).  For more information, U.S. citizens should consult  Federal Aviation Administration’s Prohibitions, Restrictions, and Notice .

Some schools and other facilities acting as cultural rehabilitation centers are operating in Kenya with inadequate or nonexistent licensing and oversight.  Reports of minors and young adults being held in these facilities against their will and physically abused are common.

Read the  country information page  for additional information about travel to Kenya.

If you decide to travel to Kenya:

• Stay alert in locations frequented by Westerners.
• Do not physically resist any robbery attempt.
• Monitor local media for breaking events and be prepared to adjust your plans.
• Make contingency plans to leave the country. in case of an emergency Review the  Traveler’s Checklist ..
• Always carry a copy of your U.S. passport and visa (if applicable).  Keep original documents in a secure location.
• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive security messages and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Follow the Department of State on  Facebook  and  Twitter .
• Review the  Country Security Report  for Kenya.
• Visit the CDC page for the latest  Travel Health Information  related to your travel.

Specified Areas - Level 4: Do Not Travel U.S. government personnel are prohibited from traveling to the below areas.

Kenya-Somalia Border Counties:

• Mandera due to kidnapping and terrorism.
• Wajir due to kidnapping and terrorism.
• Garissa due to kidnapping and terrorism.

Coastal Areas:

• Tana River county due to kidnapping and terrorism.
• Lamu county due to kidnapping and terrorism.
• Areas of Kilifi County north of Malindi due to kidnapping and terrorism.

Turkana County:

• Road from Kainuk to Lodwar due to crime and armed robbery, which occur frequently.

Specified Areas - Level 3: Reconsider Travel

Nairobi neighborhoods of Eastleigh and Kibera:

• Violent crime, such as armed carjacking, mugging, home invasion, and kidnapping, can occur at any time.  Street crime can involve multiple armed assailants.  Local police often lack the resources and training to respond effectively to serious criminal incidents.

Laikipia County:

• Certain areas of Laikipia County, due to criminal incursions and security operations, reconsider travel through Nyahururu, Laikipia West, and Laikipia North Sub-counties.

Consider carefully whether to use the Likoni ferry in Mombasa due to safety concerns.

Visit our website for  Travel to High-Risk Areas.

Embassy Messages

View Alerts and Messages Archive

Quick Facts

Yellow Fever

Maximum-100,000 Kenyan Shillings

Embassies and Consulates

U.s. embassy nairobi.

United Nations Avenue Gigiri, Nairobi, Kenya Telephone: +(254) (20) 363-6451 Emergency After-Hours Telephone: +(254) (20) 363-6170 Email:   [email protected]

Destination Description

Learn about the U.S. relationship to countries around the world.

Entry, Exit and Visa Requirements

All visitors are required to obtain an electronic travel authorization before entering Kenya. 

  Required for Entry:

• Passport  with at least two blank pages, six months’ validity, and a Kenyan electronic travel authorization.
• You should have  proof of yellow fever immunizations if arriving from an endemic country , or you may be denied entry.

Obtain the latest information on visas, as well as any additional details regarding entry requirements, from the Embassy of Kenya , 2249 R Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20008, telephone (202) 387-6101, or the Kenyan Consulate in New York City.

Working/Volunteering in Kenya : In December 2018, the Kenyan government announced a new work permit program that requires foreigners to apply for permits and visas from their country of origin. You should submit work permit applications at least 6-8 weeks prior to travel. Once in Kenya, submit a renewal application at least 90 days before your work permit expires.

For additional information on immunizations and detailed country-specific recommendations on vaccinations and other health precautions for travelers to Kenya, visit the CDC’s Travelers’ Health website .

HIV/AIDS Restrictions: The U.S. Department of State is unaware of any HIV/AIDS entry restrictions for visitors to, or foreign residents of, Kenya.

Find information on dual nationality , prevention of international child abduction, and customs regulations on our websites.

Safety and Security

You should review the Department of State’s Travel Advisory for Kenya before considering travel to Kenya.

Terrorism: Terrorist groups and those inspired by such organizations are intent on attacking U.S. citizens abroad. Terrorists are using increasingly less sophisticated methods of attack – including knives, firearms, and vehicles – to more effectively target crowds. Frequently, their aim is unprotected or vulnerable targets, such as:

• High-profile public events (sporting contests, political rallies, demonstrations, holiday events, celebratory gatherings, etc.)
• Hotels, clubs, and restaurants frequented by tourists
• Places of worship
• Shopping malls and markets
• Public transportation systems (including buses, trains, and scheduled commercial flights)

Terrorist threats remain high in Kenya. Terrorist attacks in Kenya have cumulatively resulted in the death and injury of hundreds of people, including foreigners. Attacks have occurred in periods leading up to and during religious holidays and days of national significance. However, an attack is possible at any time. Please note these recent events:

• In January 2020, terrorists attacked a U.S. Department of Defense facility on the coast, killing several individuals and destroying seven aircraft.
• In January 2019, a small bomb exploded in Nairobi’s Central Business District, slightly injuring two people.
• In January 2019, a terrorist attack on the Dusit D2 Hotel complex in the Westlands area of Nairobi resulted in the death of 21 people, including one U.S. citizen.
• In April 2019, two Cuban doctors were kidnapped from a rural area in Mandera County and were reportedly transported to Somalia.

For more information, see our Terrorism page.

Regions to Avoid :

• The northeastern Kenyan counties of Mandera, Wajir, Garissa, and the northeastern area of Marsabit (including the cities of El Wak, Wajir, Garissa, Mandera, Moyale, and Liboi).
• All parts of the coastal counties of Tana River and Lamu, and all areas of Kilifi County north of Malindi.
• The road between Kainuk and Lodwar in Turkana County due to banditry.
• The Nairobi neighborhoods of Eastleigh and Kibera.
• Avoid using the Likoni ferry due to safety and security concerns.

Crime: Crime in Kenya is a regular occurrence and Kenyan authorities have limited capacity to deter and investigate such acts.

• Violent and sometimes fatal criminal attacks, including home invasions, burglaries, armed carjackings, muggings, and kidnappings can occur at any time.
• “Matatus” (privately-operated public transportation buses) tend to be targeted since they carry multiple passengers.
• Cases of violent street crime targeting Westerners occur in many seemingly safe areas of Nairobi, ranging from simple muggings to kidnapping and extortion, including attacks during daylight hours. U.S. citizens using off-the-street taxis have also been victims of robbery, kidnapping, and extortion.

Forced Marriage is known to occur in Kenya.

Female genital mutilation (FGM) and Cutting (C): This act is known to occur in Kenya. It is a federal crime to perform FGM/C in the United States on any minor younger than 18 years old, punishable by fines and up to five years in prison. It is also a criminal offense knowingly to take a minor younger than 18 years old outside of the United States for the purpose of performing FGM/C (so-called “vacation cutting”).

Sexual Assault is prevalent in Kenya and frequently goes unreported.

• Victims of sexual assault may have difficulty receiving adequate social or medical support .
• While sexual assault is mostly frequently associated with women, sexual assault of men also occurs in Kenya and often goes unreported because of the stigma attached to this type of assault.

International Financial Scams:  See the  Department of State and the  FBI pages for information.

Internet romance and financial scams are prevalent in Kenya. Scams are often initiated through dating apps, internet postings/profiles, or by unsolicited emails and letters.

Common scams include:

• Romance and online dating (Check this online dating scam infographic ).
• Someone you have not met in person quickly offers friendship, romance, and/or marriage.
• Job solicitations asking for a processing fee in advance.
• A person asking for money to pay hospital bills, visa fees, or legal expenses and/or seeming to have many sudden problems overseas.
• Elaborate scam business opportunities, including fraudulent government procurements. Recently, scammers have been impersonating legitimate companies and ordering commodities shipped through Mombasa with payment terms. Companies are encouraged to independently verify the purchasing company to confirm the order prior to shipping goods without pre-payment. Please contact the Commercial Section at [email protected] for assistance verifying procurement opportunities and Kenyan buyers.
• Use good judgement and caution on social media and dating websites. If you decide to meet someone in person that you have connected with online, be sure to set up the meeting in a safe and public place, and let someone know where you are.

Victims of Crime: U.S. citizen victims of sexual assault are encouraged to contact the U.S. Embassy for assistance.

Report crimes to the local police at 999, 112 or 911, and contact the U.S. Embassy during business hours at +254 (0) 20-363-6451, or after-hours at +254 (0) 20-363-6000.

Remember that local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crime.

See our webpage on help for U.S. victims of crime overseas .

• Help you find appropriate medical care
• Assist you in reporting a crime to the police
• Contact relatives or friends with your written consent
• Provide general information regarding the victim’s role during the local investigation and following its conclusion
• Provide a list of local attorneys
• Provide information on victim’s compensation programs in the U.S.
• Provide an emergency loan for repatriation to the United States and/or limited medical support in cases of destitution
• Help you find accommodation and arrange flights home
• Replace a stolen or lost passport

Kenya has assistance programs for victims of crime sponsored by nongovernmental organizations. These programs include but are not limited to the following:

• Gender Violence Recovery Centre (GVRC) Gender Violence Recovery Centre (GVRC) has been providing specialized medical treatment and psychosocial support to low-income survivors of sexual and domestic violence.
• Healthcare Assistance Kenya (HAK) offers a 24-hour Rapid Response Service to women and children survivors of Gender Based Violence at its Call Centre as well as a 24 hour toll-free hotline for sexual and gender based violence assistance.

Domestic Violence: U.S. citizen victims of domestic violence are encouraged to contact the Embassy for assistance.

Tourism: The Kenyan Tourism Regulatory Authority has oversight for the country’s tourism sector. The tourism industry is unevenly regulated, and safety inspections for equipment and facilities vary by region. Hazardous areas/activities are not always identified with appropriate signage, and staff may not be trained or certified either by the host government or by recognized authorities in the field. Game parks and related safari tours with well-established operators generally have been reported to be safe.

Local Laws & Special Circumstances

Criminal Penalties: You are subject to local laws. If you violate local laws, even unknowingly, you may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned. Individuals establishing a business or practicing a profession that requires additional permits or licensing should seek information from the competent local authorities, prior to practicing or operating a business.

• Penalties for possessing, using, or trafficking illegal drugs in Kenya are severe, and convicted offenders can expect long jail sentences and heavy fines.
• Kenya enacted strict legislation regulating the sale and consumption of alcohol and cigarettes.
• Penalties for possessing banned wildlife items under Kenya’s Wildlife Act include large fines and severe penalties, including life imprisonment.
• Violations of the Kenya Firearms Act are punishable from one year to life imprisonment. Possession of any amount of ammunition can incur a minimum seven-year sentence.

Furthermore, some laws are also prosecutable in the United States, regardless of local law. For examples, see our website on crimes against minors abroad and the Department of Justice website.

Arrest Notification: If you are arrested or detained, ask police or prison officials to notify the U.S. Embassy immediately. See our webpage for further information.

Customs regulations are strict on importing certain items into or out of Kenya such as antiquities, medications, business equipment, currency, ivory, rhino horn, and other wildlife products including hides, skins, and teeth.

U.S. citizens have been detained and arrested for attempting to bring contraband into Kenya. Contact the Embassy of Kenya or one of Kenya’s consulates in the United States for specific information regarding customs requirements.

Alcoholic Drinks Control Act of 2010, which regulates when and where alcoholic drinks may be consumed in public, states that a person found by local law enforcement authorities to be intoxicated or disorderly in or near public areas, including some businesses, may be arrested without warrant and brought to court for trial.

• If convicted, the maximum fine is 500 Kenyan shillings and/or imprisonment for a maximum of three months.
• If convicted three times of the same charge within a 12-month period, you will be required to participate in mandatory rehabilitation at your expense.

More information on this law may be found on Kenya's substance abuse website, NACADA .

Tobacco Control Act 2007 regulates public smoking and the marketing and sale of tobacco products in Kenya. In public places, smoking is allowed only in designated smoking areas.

Currency: You may depart the country with up to 100,000 Kenyan shillings.

• Destruction of Kenyan currency, even in small amounts, is illegal, and almost always results in arrest and a fine.
• You should ensure that your U.S. currency bills are relatively new, as banks in Kenya have been known not to accept older U.S. currency.

Cultural Rehabilitation Centers: Some schools and other facilities acting as cultural rehabilitation centers are operating in Kenya with inadequate or nonexistent licensing and oversight. Reports of minors and young adults being held in these facilities against their will and being physically, sexually, and emotionally abused are common. U.S. citizens are encouraged to thoroughly research these facilities and talk to others who have used them. They should have a plan for an early return if necessary.

Safaris : Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) , the governing body of Kenya’s national parks, requires all tour operators and safari lodges carry nationally mandated insurance. You should:

• Inquire whether prospective safari camps or tour operators are in compliance with this requirement;
• Observe all local or park regulations and exercise appropriate caution in unfamiliar surroundings; and
• Thoroughly check the qualifications and safety record of all tourist lodges and guides before engaging their services and venturing into the wild in their care.

Firearms: Import, possession, and use of firearms is governed by the Kenya Firearms Act.

• Import of all firearms, including sporting guns, is prohibited in Kenya except in accordance with the terms of an import permit.
• Possession of firearms while in Kenya requires a firearms certificate, which can be difficult to obtain.
• Violations of the Kenya Firearms Act are punishable from one year to life imprisonment. Possession of any amount of ammunition is punishable by a minimum seven-year sentence.

Faith-Based Travelers: See the following webpages for details:

• Faith-Based Travel Information
• International Religious Freedom Report – see country reports
• Human Rights Report – see country reports
• Hajj Fact Sheet for Travelers
• Best Practices for Volunteering Abroad

LGBTQI+ Travelers: Kenyan law criminalizes same-sex sexual activity. The Kenyan penal code criminalizes “carnal knowledge against the order of nature,” which is interpreted to prohibit consensual same-sex sexual activity and specifies a maximum penalty of 14 years of imprisonment. A separate statute specifically criminalizes sex between men and specifies a maximum penalty of 21 years of imprisonment. Police have detained persons under these laws, particularly suspected sex workers. LGBTQI+ advocacy organizations, such as the Gay and Lesbian Coalition of Kenya, have been permitted to register and conduct activities. However, societal discrimination based on sexual orientation is widespread.

See our LGBTQI+ Travel Information page and section 6 of our Human Rights report for further details.

Students:  See our Students Abroad page and FBI travel tips .

Women Travelers:   See our travel tips for Women Travelers .

Travelers with Disabilities:  Kenyan law prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities.The Government of Kenya has not consistently enforced these provisions and implementation has been slow.  Social acceptance of persons with disabilities in public is not as prevalent as in the United States.  Expect accessibility to be limited in public transportation, lodging, and general infrastructure.

• Access to government or private buildings , medical facilities, restaurants, or other public or private facilities is limited.
• Accessibility to public transportation and taxis is limited. There is no functioning bus system in Nairobi, but rather an extensive use of vans (“matatus”) that travel along designated routes; taxis are also used, as are motorcycles serving as taxis (“boda bodas”).
• Public transportation and taxis do not accommodate wheelchairs; these vehicles are most often hailed from the side of busy roads.
• Footpaths along the side of roads are generally unpaved, bumpy, dirt paths, and road crossings are often unmarked.

Please visit the Embassy’s COVID-19 page for more information on COVID-19 in Kenya.

Medical services are adequate in Nairobi for most medical conditions and emergencies.

In the event of an injury, appropriate medical treatment is typically available only in or near the major cities of Nairobi, Mombasa, and Kisumu. First responders generally are unable to access areas outside of major cities and to provide urgent medical treatment. U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase medical evacuation insurance and carry emergency numbers. See our webpage for more information on insurance providers for overseas coverage .

For emergency services in Kenya, dial 999 , 112 , or 911 .

Ambulance services are:

• Not present throughout the country or are unreliable in most areas except Nairobi, Mombasa, Nakuru, and Eldoret;
• Not equipped with state-of-the-art medical equipment; and
• Injured or seriously ill travelers may prefer to take a taxi or private vehicle to the nearest major hospital rather than wait for an ambulance.

We do not pay medical bills. Be aware that U.S. Medicare/Medicaid does not apply overseas. Most hospitals and doctors overseas do not accept U.S. health insurance. You may need to call your insurance company or pay and get reimbursed.

Surrogacy: Surrogacy programs in Kenya are unregulated and families have reported difficulties obtaining required legal documentation from Kenyan authorities and taking children out of Kenya; difficulties may increase if a parent is single.

Medical Insurance: Make sure your health insurance plan provides coverage overseas. Most care providers overseas only accept cash payments. See our webpage for more information on insurance providers for overseas coverage. Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for more information on type of insurance you should consider before you travel overseas.

We strongly recommend supplemental insurance to cover medical evacuation.

Always carry your prescription medication in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription. Check with the Government of Kenya to ensure the medication is legal in Kenya.

The following diseases are prevalent:

• Schistosomiasis
• Traveler’s Diarrhea
• Tuberculosis
• Hepatitis A
• Hepatitis B
• Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for more information about Resources for Travelers regarding specific issues in Kenya.

Vaccinations: Be up-to-date on all vaccinations recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Further health information:

• World Health Organization
• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Air Quality: Visit AirNow Department of State for information on air quality at U.S. Embassies and Consulates.

The U.S. Embassy maintains a list of doctors and hospitals . We do not endorse or recommend any specific medical provider or clinic.

Travel and Transportation

Road Conditions and Safety: Road accidents are a major threat to travelers in Kenya. Roads are poorly maintained and are often bumpy, potholed, and unpaved.

• Traffic moves on the left side of the road, which can be very disorienting to those not accustomed to it.
• Beware of vehicles traveling at excessive speed, and unpredictable local driving habits.
• Many vehicles are poorly maintained and lack basic safety equipment.
• Heavy traffic jams, either due to rush hour or because of accidents, are common.
• Some vehicles will cross the median strip and drive against the flow of traffic.

U.S. citizens have been fatally injured in accidents involving long-distance, inter-city buses and local buses and vans called “matatus”. Matatus are commonly known to be the greatest danger to other vehicles and pedestrians. U.S. government personnel are prohibited from using matatus.

Injuries and fatalities involving two-wheeled motorcycle taxis, called “boda bodas,” are equally common. Boda bodas often fail to observe basic safety precautions and ignore traffic rules. Inter-city nighttime road travel should be avoided due to the poor road and streetlight conditions and the threat of banditry throughout the country. U.S. government personnel are prohibited from using boda bodas.

During the rainy season, some unpaved roads are impassable even with four-wheel drive vehicles with high clearance. Travelers are urged to consult with local officials regarding road conditions.

See our Road Safety page for more information.

Trains : Most passenger trains are considered unsafe, particularly during rainy seasons, because of the lack of routine maintenance and safety checks. The only approved train route for U.S. government personnel is the Nairobi to Mombasa Standard Gauge Railway. U.S. government personnel can only ride in the first-class cabin to avoid pickpockets and facilitate a rapid exit if necessary.

Aviation Safety Oversight:

The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has assessed the government of Kenya’s Civil Aviation Authority as being in compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) aviation safety standards for oversight of Kenya’s air carrier operations. Further information may be found on the FAA’s safety assessment page .

Maritime Travel: Mariners planning travel to Kenya should also check for U.S. maritime advisories and alerts . Information may also be posted to the  U.S. Coast Guard homeport website and the NGA broadcast warnings .

For additional travel information

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• See  traveling safely abroad  for useful travel tips.

Review information about International Parental Child Abduction in Kenya . For additional IPCA-related information, please see the International Child Abduction Prevention and Return Act ( ICAPRA ) report.

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UK issues travel caution for specific areas in Kenya

The advisory comes two days to the fifth anniversary of the dusitd2 complex terrorist attack..

•The advisory comes two days to the fifth anniversary of the January 15, 2019, terrorist attack on the DusitD2 complex in Nairobi.

•It warned against visiting specific parts of the country unless absolutely necessary.

The United Kingdom has advised its nationals to consider its travel advisory when visiting most parts of Kenya.

The advisory strongly discourages travel to specific areas unless absolutely essential.

In a notice posted on the government's website on Saturday, the UK, through its Foreign, Commonwealth, and Development Office (FCDO), cautions against all but essential travel within 60km of Kenya's border with Somalia.

It also advised against non-essential trips to eastern Garissa County and the entire Mandera County excluding Mandera West sub-county.

The UK government also advised its citizens to only visit the Lamu and Manda islands when travelling to Lamu County, but avoid everywhere else within the devolved unit.

“FCDO advises against all but essential travel to within 15km of the coast between the Tana River and the Galana (Athi-Galana-Sabaki) River,” read the statement.

"No travel can be guaranteed safe. If you choose to travel, research your destinations and get appropriate travel insurance. Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities and expenses in an emergency.”

It however added: “Your travel insurance could be invalidated if you travel against FCDO advice.”

The motive behind the recent move remains unclear.

However, sources suggest that the decision is partially influenced by a statement from Daesh (formerly ISIS) new leadership on January 4.

The statement called for a global terror campaign fueled by the Israel-Hamas conflict.

Israel's ongoing bombardment of Gaza, following Hamas's October 7 attack, has reportedly resulted in the death of at least 23,843 people, predominantly women and children, as per the latest ministry toll.

The advisory comes two days to the fifth anniversary of the January 15, 2019, terrorist attack on the DusitD2 complex in Nairobi.

The DusitD2 complex was frequented by diplomats, including Americans and Israeli nationals living in Nairobi.

There are fears terror cells may try an attack to mark the days.

The warning also coincides with the El Adde attack in Somalia, in which more than 100 Kenyan troops were killed by militants on January 15, 2016.

In the Dusit attack, al-Shabaab gunmen armed with explosives, automatic weapons and grenades stormed the six-building complex of shops, offices and a hotel.

At least 21 people, including a US citizen, were killed in the attack.

The 2019 attack began when attackers set fire to three vehicles parked outside the Dusit hotel complex amid resistance.

Kenyan security agencies say they are aware of the threats and dangers ahead and they have taken various measures to tame them.

The security agencies say they have thwarted tens of attempts to stage terror attacks.

Revealed: The uniform Kenyan police officers will use in Haiti

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More travel information for Kenya

From travel safety to visa requirements, discover the best tips for traveling to Kenya

• Crime and personal safety tips Kenya
• Culture and Etiquette in Kenya
• Eating and drinking in Kenya
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• 10 days in Kenya — 5 travel itineraries

Prices in formal shops are fixed but they aren’t in markets or street-side stalls, and generally vendors will attempt to ask tourists for more than an item’s real value. Bargaining is an important skill to acquire, not just when buying curios and souvenirs but also when negotiating fees for services such as taxi rides and guides, and even for hotel rooms and excursions (though for these last it will usually only work when things are quiet). Remember that if you pay an unreasonable price for goods or services, you’ll make it harder for the next person and contribute to local inflation, so always be cautious over your purchases.

Customs and duty-free

Electricity, emergencies, entry requirements and visas, kenyan embassies, internet access, opening hours, phones and mobiles, photography, place names, tipping and gifts, tourist information, kenya tourist board offices, travelling with children, travellers with disabilities, work and volunteering, rules of bargaining, tailor-made travel itineraries for kenya, created by local experts.

11 days  / from 3089 USD

Bush To Beach Safari

Explore Kenya's vast national parks such as Lake Nakuru, the famous Maasai Mara and the well-known 'red' elephants in the Tsavo National Park. After a few days of waking up early to spot wildlife, relax on the fine sandy beaches of Diani in the Mombasa area.

10 days  / from 4059 USD

Best of Kenya & Tanzania

A fascinating trip across the Maasai Mara and the Serengeti and Ngorongoro Conservation Areas in Kenya and Tanzania. Learn more about the traditions and cultures of the Maasai and stare in awe at the wild roaming wildlife on your several game drives in different national parks.

7 days  / from 2791 USD

Family Safari in Kenya

Take your (grand)children and embark on the adventure of a (family) lifetime: 7 days in Kenya, with up-close animal encounters, game drives to see the Big 5 and plenty of fun day activities.

You’re expected to knock down most negotiable prices by anything from ten percent to a half. Souvenirs are sometimes offered, at first, at prices ten times what the vendor is actually prepared to accept. You can avoid the silly asking prices by having a chat and establishing your streetwise credentials. The bluffing on both sides is part of the fun; don’t be shy of making a big fuss and turning on the comedy.

There are no fast rules, but don’t begin if you’re in a hurry; don’t show interest if you’re not thinking of buying; and never offer a price you are not prepared to pay. Equally, as you’ll quickly discover if you walk away and aren’t called back, if you don’t offer enough the vendor simply won’t sell it to you.

Kenya can be expensive for budget travellers if you want to rent a car or go on organized safaris, especially in high season. By staying in B&Ls, eating in local places and using public transport, you can get by okay on $30–50 a day. It’s always cheaper per person if you can share accommodation – it’s not uncommon for hotels in Kenya to have three or four beds in some rooms, and you could ask to stay in a family room even at safari lodges and beach resorts. Getting around by bus and matatu is inexpensive, but you can’t use public transport to visit the game parks. Renting a vehicle, and paying for fuel and vehicle entry fees to the parks and reserves, will add at the very least $120 a day to your costs. However, if you’re in a group of three or more, it starts to become more reasonable. You could also visit the parks on a cheap camping safari, though check what you’re getting for the price – the cheapest companies don’t necessarily offer the best value for money, and if you’re only ever going once it’s definitely worth considering spending more. On the coast, there are few cheap hotels away from the expensive all-inclusive beach resorts, but there’s the option of negotiating accommodation on a room-only basis or renting a self-catering cottage.

For those on a more comfortable budget , an all-inclusive safari with road transport plus accommodation in a lodge or tented camp will cost from around $300 per person per day, and a night in an all-inclusive beach resort from around $120 per person per day; both can rise to well over $1000 per day depending on the level of luxury. Then you need to add the cost of flights, if you prefer to fly between destinations. That said, once you’ve forked out for those costs, you’re likely to find daily expenses refreshingly modest. Drinks in most hotels, tented camps and lodges run from around Ksh200–400 ($2.50–5) for a beer or a glass of house wine, and a main course in a restaurant generally costs around Ksh800–2000 ($8–20). Taxis are reasonably priced, but you need to establish the fare in advance (see p.56).

Duty-free allowances on entering Kenya are one bottle of spirits or wine and one carton of 200 cigarettes (or 50 cigars or 225g of tobacco). If you’re stopped at customs, you may be asked if you have any cameras, camcorders or the like. Unless you’re a professional with mountains of specialist gear, there should not be any question of paying duty on personal equipment. If you are taking presents for friends in Kenya, however, you are likely to have to pay duty if you declare the items.

The mains electricity supply (220–240V) from Kenya Power and Lighting is inconsistent and unreliable, and all but the most basic establishments have backup generators and/or solar panels. Some of the more remote safari lodges and tented camps are not on the national grid, and therefore rely solely on generators. They will advise when these are switched on – usually for a few hours in the evening and the early morning. Wall sockets are the square, three-pin variety used in Britain. Appliances using other plug fittings will need an adaptor to fit Kenyan sockets (available in major supermarkets), while North American appliances that work only on 110V (most work on 110–240V) will also need a transformer.

For police, fire and ambulance dial t 999. They often take ages to arrive. Another option in Nairobi if you are on the Safaricom phone network, is to call the Security 911 line (911), which sends out an alert for a security vehicle, of which there are more than fifty around the city.

Most nationals, including British, Irish, US, Canadian, Australian, New Zealand and EU passport-holders, need visas to visit Kenya. Nationals from a number of African countries are exempt, including South African passport-holders, who are allowed a visa-free stay of up to thirty days. Children of the relevant nationalities also require visas and pay exactly the same. It’s a good idea, however, to check with a Kenyan embassy website to confirm the current situation. Also ensure that your passport will remain valid for at least six months beyond the end of your projected stay, and that it has at least two blank pages for stamps – this is a requirement, not just a recommendation.

Visas can be obtained in advance from Kenyan embassies or high commissions, either in person or by post. A single-entry visa (valid for ninety days) costs $50 or equivalent. A transit visa (allowing you to enter Kenya for a maximum of 72 hours before flying to a neighbouring country) costs $20 or equivalent. If you’re not leaving the airport, a transit visa is not required. A multiple-entry visa costs $100 and is valid for a year.

In September 2015 a new eVisa service was introduced allowing you to upload your passport details and photo, pay for the visa in advance by credit card, and print out an approval form to take with you. The system generally works and in theory should make arrival faster. However, although the plan was to make the eVisa system mandatory, it currently operates alongside the other methods of obtaining a visa, and there is no dedicated queue system at the airport to give those with eVisas any advantage.

Surprisingly, a single-entry visa allows re-entry to Kenya after a visit to Uganda or Tanzania. For other trips beyond Kenya’s borders, unless you have a multiple-entry visa for Kenya (obtainable only at an embassy or on arrival), you will need another visa to get back in.

The Kenyan diplomatic missions that readers are likely to find most useful are listed here. There’s a full list at embassy.goabroad.com/embassies-of/kenya.

33–35 Ainslie Ave, Canberra t 02 6247 4788, w kenya.asn.au .

415 Laurier Ave E, Ottawa, K1N 6R4 t 613 563 1773, w kenyahighcommission.ca .

High 16, Kebelle 01, Addis Ababa 011 661 0033.

11 Elgin Rd, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4 t 01 613 6380, w kenyaembassyireland.net .

Closest representation: Australia.

South Africa

302 Brooks St, Menlo Park, Pretoria 0081 t 012 362 2249, w kenya.org.za .

South Sudan

Hai-Neem, Juba 0959 099 900.

Plot 516 Block 1, West Giraif, Street 60, Khartoum t 0155 772 800.

Cnr Ali Hassan Mwinyi Rd/Kaunda Drive, Oysterbay, Dar-es-Salaam t 022 266 8285, w kenyahighcomtz.org .

Cnr Acacia Ave/Lower Kololo Terrace, Kampala 041 258 232.

45 Portland Place, London W1B 4AS t 020 7636 2371, kenyahighcom.org.uk .

2247 R St NW, Washington DC 20008 t 202 387 6101, w kenyaembassy.com ; Los Angeles consulate, Park Mile Plaza, 4801 Wilshire Boulevard, CA 90010, 323 939 2408, kenyaconsulatela.com .

You’d do well to take out a travel insurance policy prior to travelling to cover against theft, loss, illness and injury. It’s worth checking, however, that you won’t duplicate the coverage of any existing plans you may have. For example, many private medical schemes include cover when abroad.

A typical travel insurance policy usually provides cover for loss of baggage, tickets and cash up to a certain limit, as well as cancellation or curtailment of your journey. Most of them exclude so-called dangerous sports unless an extra premium is paid: in Kenya such sports could mean scuba-diving, windsurfing and climbing, though not vehicle safaris. If you take medical coverage, check there’s a 24-hour medical emergency number. When securing baggage cover, make sure that the limit per article, which is typically less than $1000, will cover your most valuable possessions, like a camera. If you need to make a claim, you should keep receipts for medicines and medical treatment, and in the event you have anything stolen, you must obtain an official statement from the police.

Wi-fi is widely available in urban areas, with free or low-cost access in the airports at Nairobi and Mombasa, some of the modern shopping malls, most hotels and beach resorts, many city coffee shops and an increasing number of public places (especially in Nairobi, Mombasa, Nakuru and Kisumu). However, don’t expect it in rural areas, small, out-of-the-way towns and villages, or at remote tented camps.

While wi-fi in cafés is usually free, at hotels it can either be offered free as part of the service (more often than not in the more expensive places) or is charged for, with access requiring a voucher and password. Charges vary but you shouldn’t have to pay more than Ksh100–200 per hour.

If you are using a 3G or 4G mobile phone or device , bear in mind that data charges will be a lot cheaper with a local Kenyan SIM card than using your home service provider’s roaming service. If you have a laptop , you can buy a Kenyan internet service provider’s USB 3G or 4G stick (modem/router) and SIM card (and equally swap the SIM card into your iPad or tablet ) and use pay-as-you-go data bundles. These can be purchased at any phone shop (Safaricom, Airtel and Orange), all widely found in urban areas, and the set-up cost, currently around $20, is coming down all the time. Ensure everything is fully set up before you leave the shop: fortunately staff at most stores are very professional and helpful.

Despite the decreasing need for them, internet cafés can be found in many towns, particularly those with a college or university, and larger conference-style hotels have “business centres” where you can get online. Expect to pay around Ksh1/minute for access.

For unlimited Wi-Fi on the go whilst travelling Kenya, buy a Skyroam Solis , which works in 130+ countries at one flat daily rate, paid for on a pay-as-you-go basis. You can connect up to five devices at once. Prices start from as little as €5 a day.

There are virtually no launderettes in Kenya, but all hotels, lodges and tented camps run a laundry service for guests. Female underwear is normally excluded except where they have a washing machine (soap powder is provided for guests to do their own). In cheap hotels, you’ll easily find people offering the same service ( dobi in Swahili), but again they often won’t accept female, and sometimes male, underwear. If you’re camping, you’ll find small packets of washing powder widely available, and clothes dry fast in the sun. Beware of tumbu flies , however, which lay their eggs on wet clothes where the larvae subsequently hatch and burrow into your skin. As the larva grows, it’s painful but harmless, reaching the size of a grain of rice after a few days until it breaks out, leaving a small, round inflamed bump. Not quite Alien , but still very unpleasant, and most people don’t wait to find out, but burst the swelling and clean it with antiseptic. A good, hot iron should kill the eggs, which is why every item of your clothing will be returned neatly pressed. Don’t leave swimming costumes drying outside, but hang them in your shower.

There are main post offices in all the towns and, except in the far north, sub-post offices throughout the rural areas. Run by Posta Kenya, post offices are usually open Mon–Fri 8am–5pm, Sat 9am–noon. Letters and airmailed parcels take about a week to reach Europe and around ten days to North America, Australia and New Zealand. Parcels need to be wrapped in brown paper and string. This needs to be done at the post office as contents are checked to see if export duty must be paid. For all mail costs, there’s usefully a cost calculator on Posta Kenya’s website . For large or valuable items, always use a courier. FedEx and DHL have branches or agents in all large towns, and Posta Kenya runs its own courier/tracking service from post offices known as EMS (Expedited Mail Service).

If you want to receive a letter, the Poste Restante (general delivery) service is free, and fairly reliable in Nairobi and Mombasa. Have your family name marked clearly, followed by “Poste Restante, GPO” and the name of the town. You’ll need to show your passport. Packages can be received, too, but many go missing, and expect to haggle over import duty when they’re opened in your presence. Ask the sender to mark the package “Contents To Be Re-exported From Kenya”.

There are very few good road maps of Kenya. The best available is the Reise Know-How’s Kenia map (1:950,000; 2012)), printed on rip-proof, waterproof plastic paper, followed by ITMB International Travel Maps’ Kenya (1:920,000; 2014).

A local company, touristmapskenya.com , publishes a number of maps including of the major parks and reserves highlighting interior roads and junction numbers, plus maps of greater Nairobi and of the Kenyan coast. These are available in bookshops, some large supermarkets like Nakumatt and at park gates.

Kenya’s currency , the Kenyan shilling (Ksh), is a colonial legacy based on the old British currency (as in pre-decimal Britain, Kenyans occasionally refer to shillings as “bob’’). There are notes of Ksh1000, 500, 200, 100 and 50, and coins of Ksh20, 10, 5, 1 and 50 cents (half a shilling). In Kenya, prices are indicated either by Ksh or by the /= notation after the amount (500/= for example). Some foreign banks stock shillings should you wish to buy some before you leave, but you’ll get rates about five percent less than what you might find in Kenya. You can import or export up to Ksh100,000 (you need the exchange receipts if exporting).

Because the Kenya shilling is a weak currency, prices for anything connected to the tourist industry tend to be quoted in US dollars . Cash dollars, together with British pounds and euros, are invariably acceptable, and often preferred, as payment. People often have calculators and know the latest exchange rates. If you take US dollar bills to Kenya, be sure they are less than five years old as they won’t be exchangeable in many places otherwise.

While most prices are given in Kenyan shillings or US dollars, the occasional use of euros or pounds sterling reflects the way hotels and tour operators price their services.

Credit and debit cards, and ATMs

The best way to carry your money is in the form of plastic .

Credit and debit cards are more secure than cash, can be used to withdraw cash from ATMs and increasingly to buy things. Visa and MasterCard are the most common, but Cirrus and Plus cards are also accepted at some ATMs. Also useful are pre-paid currency cards (also known as travel money cards or cash passports) affiliated with Visa and MasterCard, which can also be used to withdraw money at ATMs. As well as at banks, ATMs can also be found at petrol stations and shopping malls. On the street, always find one inside a secure booth or with a guard on duty. ATMs usually offer the best rate of exchange, but home banks charge a fee for withdrawing cash from a foreign ATM and there may be a daily limit.

Visa and MasterCard are widely accepted for tourist services such as upmarket hotels, curio shops and restaurants, flights, safaris and car rental. There’s usually a five-percent mark-up on top of the price for the cost of the transaction to the company. Most transactions use chip-and-PIN, but if you’re paying by using a manual machine, make sure you’ve filled in the leading digits with zeros and the voucher specifies the currency before you sign. If it doesn’t, it’s all too easy for the vendor to fill in a $, € or £ sign in front of the total after you’ve left.

Exchanging money

You can exchange hard currency in cash at banks and foreign exchange (“forex”) bureaus all over the country, and also at most large hotels, though for a substantially poorer rate. US dollars, British pounds and euros are always the most easily changed. Always check the commission and any charges, as they may vary slightly. Many banks and forex bureaus also give over-the-counter cash advances in Kenyan shillings (and in Nairobi or along parts of the coast, in US dollars or pounds) on MasterCard and Visa cards. Travellers’ cheques are not worth the trouble.

Banks are usually open Mon–Fri 9am–3pm, Sat 9–11am (some smaller branches are not open every Sat). Forex bureaus usually offer better rates of exchang e than banks and are open longer hours (often on Sunday mornings too). Changing money on the street is illegal – ignore any offers as you will most likely be ripped off and run the risk of being arrested if caught. An exception is when entering or leaving Kenya by land from Ethiopia, Uganda or Tanzania, where changing each country’s currency to or from Kenyan shillings is deemed acceptable. But be careful with any transaction – always count notes very carefully before swapping, and if at all possible wait to get cash at an ATM.

Shops are generally open Mon–Sat 8am–5pm, with the smaller ones having a break for lunch. In parts of the coast, and especially Muslim areas like Lamu, shops are more likely to close for an afternoon siesta (2–4pm) but they will stay open later in the evening. Muslim-owned shops may also close on Fridays, and correspondingly open on Sundays. Large supermarkets have extended hours until at least 7pm every day, and big towns often have at least one 24-hour Nakumatt hypermarket. Small kiosk-type shops ( dukas ) can be open at almost any hour.

Tourism businesses such as travel agents, car rental firms and airline offices are usually open Mon–Fri 8am–6pm, plus Sat 9am–noon. Banks are open Mon–Fri 9am–3pm and most open Sat 9–11am, too, while forex bureaus stay open later and some are open on Sunday mornings as well. Museums and historical sites are open seven days a week, usually 8.30am–5.30pm; Museums run by N ational Museums of Kenya , such as the National Museum in Nairobi, Fort Jesus in Mombasa and Lamu Museum, are open daily 8.30am–6pm. Post offices open Mon–Fri 8am–5pm, Sat 9am–noon, though smaller branches will close for an hour over lunch. Most other offices are closed all weekend. Most petrol stations stay open late, and there are 24-hour ones on the major highways and in urban areas.

In national parks and reserves , gates are open from sunrise to sunset, and given that Kenya is on the equator, these times stay the same virtually all year round: 6am–7pm.

The need for Kenya’s conventional landline telephone system , run by Telkom Kenya, is now virtually nil. The vast majority of adult Kenyans (a staggering estimated 90 percent) are mobile phone users, and while businesses still have landlines, they nearly always use an additional cell phone too. Traditional call boxes, where they still exist (even Kenyans have a giggle at the sight of these archaic contraptions), have either been decommissioned or are defunct. If you do need to find a working call box, your best bet will be a post office. Landline area codes are all three figures, comprising 0 plus two digits. The subscriber numbers are five, six or seven digits depending on area: Nairobi numbers have seven, while a small northern town may have only five.

Mobile phones

Most of the country has mobile (cell) phone coverage . The main exception is the far north, but reception can also be patchy in thinly populated rural areas further south and in the remoter parks and reserves.

Mobile phone services are provided by Safaricom (the biggest operator), and its rivals Airtel and Orange . All mobile phone numbers begin with a four-digit code starting 07, followed by a six-digit number.

Unless your mobile is very old, it is almost certain to work in Kenya, but very high charges make using it on roaming unattractive for anything but emergencies.

There are two easy options: either buy a cheap handset from any mobile phone shop, which will cost around $20, or buy a Kenyan pay-as-you-go SIM card and starter pack (around Ksh200) and temporarily replace the SIM card in your mobile. As well as standard mini-SIMs, the cut-down micro-SIMs for iPhones and other smart phones are widely available. Check with your home service provider that your phone is not locked to their network (unlocking, if necessary, can be done anywhere).

Once you have your Kenyan SIM installed (any phone shop, from the airport onwards, will sell you one and put it in your phone), you can buy airtime cards literally anywhere, rubbing a scratch number, which you use to key in the top-up. A Ksh1000 card will give you very low-price calls (as low as Ksh4 per minute and Ksh1 per text on the same network) and should last you for a short holiday.

For most short-term visitors to Kenya, it’s fairly immaterial whether you choose an Airtel, Orange or Safaricom SIM card. They continually outbid each other for value and flexibility. If, however, you’re travelling more widely in East Africa , you’ll find Airtel’s One Network service handy. It allows you to use the same SIM card throughout Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and several other countries, while topping up in the local currency.

International calls

To call Kenya from abroad , dial your country’s international access code followed by 254 for Kenya, then the Kenyan area code or mobile-phone code (omitting the initial 0), and then the number itself.

Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania have a special telephone code agreement, used just between them, which replaces their international access and country codes with a single three-digit code, t 005 for Kenya, t 006 for Uganda and t 007 for Tanzania. So, if you’re calling Kenya from Uganda or Tanzania, you dial t 005, then the Kenya area code (omitting the initial zero), then the number. Note, however, that on mobiles, no matter where you’re dialling from, the codes for Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda are the usual, international +254, +255 and +256.

To call out of Kenya , the international access code is 000, followed by the country code followed by the number, omitting any initial 0 (this includes calls to mobiles being used with foreign-registered SIM cards in Kenya).

Kenya is immensely photogenic, and with any kind of camera you’ll get beautiful pictures. But if you want good wildlife shots, you’ll need a camera with an optical magnification of at least 10x on a point-and-shoot camera or 400mm-equivalent on a DSLR. Such telephoto capabilities are essential if you want pictures of animals rather than savanna. Wildlife photography is largely about timing and patience. Keep your camera always to hand and, in a vehicle, always turn off the engine.

Keep your camera in a dust-proof bag. If it uses a rechargeable battery , take a spare – you will always run out of power at the critical moment if you don’t. Also take plenty of memory cards with you, or a separate storage device.

Though most people are tolerant of cameras, the superstition that photos capture part of the soul is still prevalent in some areas. When photographing local people always be sensitive and ask permission first; not to do so would be rude. If you don’t accept that some kind of interaction and exchange are warranted, you won’t get many pictures. The Maasai and Samburu, Kenya’s most colourful and photographed people, are usually prepared to do a deal (bargain over the price), and in some places you’ll even find professional posers making a living at the roadside. Other people may be happy to let you take their picture for free, but will certainly appreciate it if you take their name and address, and send a print when you get home, or email the shot to them.

Note that it’s always a bad idea to take pictures of anything that could be construed as strategic, including any military or police building, prisons, airports, harbours, bridges and the president or his entourage. The idea that your photos may show Kenya in a poor light is also common. The idea that your photos may show Kenya in a poor light is also common.

Place names in Kenya can be confusing to outsiders. In some parts, every town or village seems to have a name starting with the same syllable. In the Kenya highlands, you’ll find Kiambu, Kikuyu, Kiganjo, Kinangop and so on. Further west you confront Kaptagat, Kapsabet, Kapenguria and Kapsowar. If you find this problematic, just get into the habit of “de-stressing” the first syllable and remembering the second.

A more practical problem all over rural Kenya is the vague use of names to denote a whole district and, at the same time, its nucleus, be it a small town, a village, or just a cluster of corrugated-iron shops and bars. Sometimes there’ll be two such focuses. They often move in a matter of a few years, so what looks like a junction town on the map turns out to be away from the road, or in a different place altogether. Ask for the “shopping centre” and you’ll usually find the local hive of activity and the place with the name you were looking for. Note that Makutano , a very common name, just means “junction” in Swahili.

Kenya’s time zone is three hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) all year round (thus two hours ahead of British Summer Time). It’s eight hours ahead of North American Eastern Standard Time, and eleven hours ahead of Pacific Standard Time. Take off an hour from these (ie seven hours and ten hours respectively) during summer daylight saving time. Kenya is seven hours behind Sydney and nine hours behind New Zealand; add an hour to these during summer daylight saving time. South Africa Standard Time is one hour behind Kenya all year round.

Sunrise comes between 6am and 6.40am and sunset between 6.10pm and 6.50pm throughout the year. Dawn arrives earliest on the coast and the sun sets latest on Lake Victoria. Because of its equatorial location, there are no short days or long evenings in Kenya.

If you’re learning Swahili, remember that “Swahili time” runs from dawn to dusk to dawn rather than midnight to noon to midnight: 7am and 7pm are both called saa moja (one o’clock) while midnight and midday are saa sita (six o’clock). It’s not as confusing as it first sounds – just add or subtract six hours to work out Swahili time (or read the opposite side of your watch).

If you’re staying in tourist-class establishments, tipping is expected, though ironically, in the cheapest establishments, where employees are likely to be on very low wages, it is not the custom. In expensive hotels, Ksh100 wouldn’t be out of place for seeing you to your room with your bags (and £1, $1 or €1 would also be very acceptable, though the employee has to change the money, which can be difficult; shillings are always better). It isn’t necessary to tip waiting staff constantly while staying in a hotel. Fortunately, many hotels have a gratuities box in reception, where you can leave a single tip for all the staff – including room staff and backroom staff – when you leave, in which case Ksh500 or Ksh1000 per room per day is about right. In tourist-class restaurants, tips aren’t essential, but leaving a tip equivalent to ten percent of the bill for your waiter would be generous. Note that on safaris, tips are considered very much part of the pay and you’re expected to shell out at the end of the trip.

As for gifts , ballpoint pens and pencils are always worth taking and will be appreciated by children as well as adults. But never just give them away freely as this just encourages begging – rather donate them in exchange for something, like taking a photograph or having chat and look at the children’s schoolbooks. Many visitors take more clothes with them than they intend to return with, leaving T-shirts and other items with hotel staff and others along the way: there’s even a website devoted to this concept where your philanthropic instincts can be more precisely honed. Bear in mind, however, that all this largesse deprives local shops and businesses of your surplus wealth and perpetuates a dependency culture. Assuming you can spare a little, it’s always better to make a positive gift of cash to a recognized institution which can go into the local economy while providing local needs in a school, clinic or other organization.

The Kenya Tourist Board (KTB; 020 2711262) has reasonable information on its website. It doesn’t run any walk-in offices abroad, but has franchised its operations to local PR companies, who are often very helpful. In addition to the UK and US offices, there are KTB representative offices in Australia, Canada, China, Dubai, France, Germany, India, Italy, the Netherlands and Scandinavia (addresses on website).

You can always ask practical questions and expect a useful reply – often from the author of this Rough Guide – at the very good online Kenya forums at w safaritalk.net , w bit.ly/FodorsKenya , w bit.ly/ThorntreeKenya , w bit.ly/TA-Africaforums or the Rough Guide to Kenya blog itself at w bit.ly/ExpertKenya .

Once you’re in Kenya, the only official tourist offices are in Eldoret, Mombasa, Malindi and Lamu.

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Overall, Kenya is an excellent family destination and wherever you go, local people will be welcoming to your children. The coast is particularly family-friendly (it was developed as package-holiday destination after all), with good, safe beaches, lots of fun activities and attractions, and the resorts are geared up with facilities like children’s swimming pools, kids’ clubs, adjoining rooms and babysitting services (usually housekeeping staff), and they serve buffet meals at which even the fussiest of eaters will find something they like.

Safaris , on the other hand, may not suit babies and very small children and can be quite a hassle in terms of supervision and organization. It’s obviously exciting for them (and you) to see animals, but you may find the overall adventure isn’t enough reward with bored, fidgety small children in tow on long, hot and tiring journeys. With a young family, it’s probably inadvisable to go on a group safari with other travellers, who may be annoyed by having children in the vehicle. Renting a vehicle with a driver on an exclusive safari is a more feasible option, and gives you the flexibility and privacy you need for toilet stops and other interruptions. Perhaps the easiest parks to visit with small children are Nairobi and Lake Nakuru, where distances are small and you have a good chance of seeing a fair number of animals in just a few hours.

Older children , on the other hand – say above the ages of 10–12 – can be a pleasure to go on safari with: their understanding and enjoyment of the environment and landscapes is more in tune than younger children; they have a great deal more patience; and their enthusiasm for spotting animals can be very infectious. If the children are old enough to enjoy watching wildlife, make sure they have their own binoculars, cameras and checklists. Whatever the ages of your children, it’s always a good idea to pick safari lodges that are well set up for family visits. The larger mid-range ones usually have the best child-friendly facilities, and tend to be fenced – the smaller tented camps usually aren’t.

Prices and discounts

Children under the age of 11 usually get discounts for accommodation and good deals can be had, especially if they share a room with parents. However some accommodation has a minimum age limit, and some places, mostly small luxury safari camps and honeymoon retreats on the coast, may not allow children under the age of 16. For other costs, such as entry fees to museums, game parks and reserves, activities and excursions, children under 16 can expect to pay half the adult price, and kids under 3 are rarely charged anything.

Health and essentials

Health issues figure most prominently in most people’s minds, but you can largely discount fears about your children getting a tropical disease in Kenya (remember how many healthy expat children have been brought up there: the biggest health problem for Kenyan children is poverty). It can, however, be very difficult to persuade small children to take malaria pills . Be sure to cover children carefully with a Deet-based mosquito repellent early each evening and ensure they sleep under secure nets. Every morning, smother them in high-factor sunscreen, insist they wear hats, and make sure they get plenty of fluids.

In terms of what to bring, disposable nappies/diapers are available from supermarkets, as are baby foods , and hotel kitchens usually have a good variety of fresh food and, given some warning, staff will happily prepare it to infants’ tastes. If you have a light, easily collapsible buggy , bring it. Many hotels and lodges have long paths from the central public areas to the rooms or cottages. A child-carrier backpack is another very useful accessory. Unless you‘re exclusively staying on the coast, bring some warm clothing for upcountry mornings and evenings, when temperatures can drop quite low. If the children are old enough to enjoy spotting animals, make sure they have their own binoculars .

Although by no means easy, Kenya does not pose insurmountable problems for people with disabilities . While there is little government support for improving access, travel industry staff and passers-by are usually prepared to help whenever necessary. For wheelchair-users and those who find stairs hard to manage, many hotels have ground-floor rooms, a number on the coast have ramped access, and larger hotels in Nairobi have elevators. While the vast majority of hotels, lodges and tented camps have at least some rooms that are ramped or with only one or two steps, most only have showers, not bathtubs, and few have any properly adapted facilities.

The majority of safari vehicles, too, are not ideal for people with impaired mobility. Off-road trips can be very arduous and you should take a pressure cushion for game drives.

If you’re flying from the UK, you can avoid a change of plane by going with BA or Kenya Airways direct from London to Nairobi. All charter flights are direct (if they’re not always nonstop, at least you won’t need to change), but they only go to Mombasa.

If you’re looking for a tour , contact the disabled and special needs travel specialists Go Africa Safaris in Diani Beach and the highly recommended Mombasa-based Southern Cross Safaris , who are one of the few mainstream companies to offer specialist safaris for people with mobility impairments.

It is illegal for a foreigner to work in Kenya without a work permit . Extremely difficult to obtain, these are usually only associated with specific skilled professions and must be arranged by the employer before a work contract can be taken up in Kenya. However you are permitted to do voluntary work , even while on a short three-month visitor’s visa, which can be extended if necessary.

An international work camp is no holiday, with usually primitive conditions, and you will have to pay your expenses, though it can be a lot of fun, too, and is undoubtedly worthwhile. Voluntary organizations bring Kenyans and foreigners together in a number of locations across the country – digging irrigation trenches, making roads, building schools or just producing as many mud bricks as possible. Other groups employing volunteers in community projects may focus on HIV awareness, education and women’s income generation.

An alternative is to take the more expensive option of a work placement combined with a holiday – commonly known as “ voluntourism ” – on which a few weeks of volunteering might be followed by another week or two on safari or at the beach, or even an extended overland tour. Check out what opportunities are available in Kenya at globalvolunteernetwork.org , gooverseas.com , and volunteerhq.org .

Don’t begin if you’re in a hurry; don’t show interest if you’re not thinking of buying; and never offer a price you are not prepared to pay.

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UK Gov’t warns its citizens against visiting parts of Kenya

UK High Commissioner to Kenya Neil Wigan. PHOTO | COURTESY

The British government, through its Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FDO), has cautioned its citizens travelling to Kenya against visiting certain parts of the country.

The United Kingdom advised its nationals to take into consideration its travel advisory when visiting most parts of Kenya, but went ahead to ostensibly warn them against visiting specific parts of the country unless absolutely necessary.

In a travel advisory published on the government’s website on Saturday, the UK warned against all but essential travel to areas within 60km of Kenya’s border with Somalia.

It also advised against non-essential trips to eastern Garissa County, as well as the entire Mandera County excluding Mandera West sub-county.

The British government further advised its citizens to only visit the Lamu and Manda islands when travelling to Lamu County, but avoid everywhere else within the devolved unit.

“FCDO  advises against all but essential travel to within 15km of the coast between the Tana River and the Galana (Athi-Galana-Sabaki) River,” read the statement.

"No travel can be guaranteed safe.  If you choose to travel, research your destinations and  get appropriate travel insurance . Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities and expenses in an emergency.”

It however added: “Your travel insurance could be invalidated if you travel against FCDO advice.”

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UK issues travel advisory to citizens visiting Kenya

British citizens have been warned to stay clear from visiting areas frequented by foreigners in Kenya to avoid falling prey to terrorists prowling the eastern African nation.

On Saturday, the British government issued a travel advisory through the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) to its citizens visiting Kenya, urging them to stay away from certain parts of the country especially areas where terrorists might try to carry out attacks. 

The United Kingdom foreign office issued the advisory a week after terrorists attacked Manda-Magogoni military base on Manda Bay Island in Lamu.

Lamu is one of Kenya’s top tourist destinations, whose vulnerability to militant attacks saw it suffer massive losses five years ago after travel advisories were issued by Nairobi’s key tourism source markets due to insecurity.

The tourism industry on which so many Kenyans depend for their livelihood suffered a blow as a direct result of travel advisories issued due to terrorist attacks. Such attacks are indiscriminate and target Kenyan institutions as well as places where expatriates and foreign travellers gather, such as hotels, shopping malls, and beaches. 

In addition to discouraging tourists from travelling to certain areas in Kenya, these advisories suggest that they should avoid all but essential travel to the country. However, Kenya’s government said the lifting of the travel advisories by most foreign countries, particularly the UK in March 2017 boosted tourism and investment in  Lamu.

Last year, the UK was the fourth leading source of foreign tourists during which tourism earnings grew by 3.9 percent to Sh163.6 billion as arrivals defied terror threats and global geopolitics to remain above the two-million mark.

According to the FCO, around 190,000 UK residents who visit Kenya every year never experience trouble. Britain records 181,484 visitors to the country, falling behind the USA, Uganda, and Tanzania.

FCO listed northeastern counties of Garissa, and Mandera as well as some parts of Tana River and Lamu counties as places British nationals should not go unless it is essential to do so.

“(FCO) advises against all but essential travel to areas within 60km of the Kenya-Somali border, Garissa County, Lamu County (excluding Lamu Island and Manda Island), areas of Tana River County north of the Tana River itself and within 15km of the Coast from the Tana River down to the Galana (Athi-Galana-Sabaki) river,” it said in a statement.

Meanwhile, a fresh attack was launched this morning against Kamuthe Primary school, Kamuthe Police Post, a telecommunications mast in Kenya, killing three teachers. The attack was suspected to have been carried out by AS Militia, said National Police Service-Kenya.

By Ahmed Iyanda.

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UK government issues travel advisory against Kenya

The UK government has issued a travel advisory for Kenya, cautioning its citizens against traveling to specific regions of the country due to security concerns.

The advisory, marked as the latest update to the terrorism section, suggests a potential threat to Kenya’s security that the foreign power may have intelligence on.

Britain specifically warned Britons against traveling to areas along the Kenya-Somalia border, Eastern Garrisa, Mandera, Lamu, and Tana River.

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) also advised against all but essential travel within 15km of the coast between the Tana River and the Galana (Athi-Galana-Sabaki) River.

“No travel can be guaranteed safe. If you choose to travel, research your destinations and get appropriate travel insurance. Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities, and expenses in an emergency,” the statement emphasized.

However, it also highlighted the risk of invalidating travel insurance if individuals choose to travel against FCDO advice.

This advisory follows recent events, including the capture of a UN helicopter by al Shabaab militants after an emergency landing in an area controlled by the terror groups. It is believed that part of the crew was kidnapped, with two members managing to escape.

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UK Government Issues Travel Advisory For Kenya

• by Loise Lenser on Saturday, 13 January 2024 - 6:57 pm

The UK government on Saturday, January 13 issued a travel advisory for Kenya warning its citizens against travelling to certain parts of the country over security concerns. 

In the advisory, London warned Britons against travelling to areas located along the Kenya-Somalia border, Eastern Garrisa, Mandera, Lamu, and Tana River.

The UK government's dispatch was marked as the latest update to the terrorism section, which suggests that the foreign power might have intelligence of a potential threat to Kenya's security.

As such, the UK government urged its citizens planning to travel to the mentioned areas to make informed decisions before making their way there.

"No travel can be guaranteed safe. If you choose to travel, research your destinations and get appropriate travel insurance. Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities, and expenses in an emergency.”

In particular, the UK cautioned its citizens against all but essential travel to areas within 60km of Kenya’s border with Somalia.

Increased Attacks

In the same bulletin, the UK government observed that Kenya has recorded terror-related security incidents in recent years, particularly in North Eastern Counties and sections of the Coast.

"These have killed members of the Kenyan security forces as well as civilians. The Kenyan security forces have increased their presence in the affected areas. Armed militia groups operate within the Boni Forest and along the border with Somalia,” the advisory read.

Kenya Defiant

This comes after the UK issued another travel advisory in December 2023 , a week before President William Ruto delivered his remarks during the 60th Jamhuri Day Celebrations.

However, President Ruto at the time, assured Kenyans that the country was safe and that security agencies were working on overdrive to ensure tranquility within the nation.

“As we continue to invest citizen’s resources into the security sector, we continue to expect continuous improvement in its overall capacity to keep our nation’s boundaries inviolable, our people’s lives and property safe and secure,” the Head of State remarked.

In July 2023, the UK also issued another alert warning its citizens against travelling to certain parts of Kenya.

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UK, Australia issue travel advisory to citizens in Kenya

The United Kingdom (UK) and Australia over the weekend issued a travel advisory over threat to increased terrorism targeting foreigners in Kenya.

In two separate alerts, the two countries cautioned their citizens to be extremely careful while in Kenya.

For the UK, it asked its citizens not to pay visits in five areas which include; the Kenya- Somalia border, Eastern, Garissa, Lamu, Taba River and Mandera County.

“FCDO advises against all but essential travel to areas within 60km of Kenya’s border with Somalia. FCDO also advises against all but essential travel to areas of Tana River County north of the Tana River, up to 20km northwest of the A3,” the statement issued by UK read in part.

For Australia the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFA) warned its citizens traveling to Kenya over a possible terror attack.

Australia said that terror related cases and violent crime had gone up in the country.

In the statement, the country said that the attacks would occur anytime and will be extremely random plus will be targeting foreigners.

“Terrorists continue to maintain a strong interest in attacking foreigners in Nairobi and other major population centers in Kenya,” the statement read.

It further added that Al Shabaab was still interested in attacking Kenya.

Some of the possible attacks the militants might use include; carrying suicide bombs, kidnapping, Improvised Explosive Devices (IED) and road side bombings.

Currently, a major operation by Kenyan officers is ongoing. To start with, police along Thika Road have for the last two days been stopping motor vehicles and searching them.

The operation led to a traffic snarl-up between Githurai 45 and Safari Park Hotel.

Equally, more police officers have been placed in strategic areas across the city with the aim of dealing with any threats.

A week ago, four people including two police reservists died following a terror attack in Mandera County.

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Safety and security, entry and exit requirements, laws and culture, natural disasters and climate, kenya - exercise a high degree of caution.

Exercise a high degree of caution in Kenya due to the threat of terrorism and a high crime rate.

Border with Somalia - Avoid all travel

Avoid all travel to Mandera, Wajir, Garissa and Lamu counties bordering Somalia, due to a risk of kidnapping and attacks.

Border with South Sudan and Ethiopia - Avoid all travel

Avoid all travel to Turkana and Marsabit counties, within 110 km of the borders with South Sudan and Ethiopia, due to armed banditry and cross-border violence.

Regional advisory - Avoid all travel

• within 50 km of the coast of Tana River County
• within 50 km of the coast of Kilifi County (from north of the city of Malindi to the Tana River County limits)

Neighbourhoods of Nairobi - Avoid non-essential travel

Avoid non-essential travel to the neighbourhoods of Eastleigh, Kibera and Pangani, in Nairobi, due to the high crime rate.

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There is a threat of terrorism. Credible information indicates that foreigners may be targeted by extremists in the following areas:

• the coastal areas of Kenya

There is an increased risk of terrorist attacks in the following counties:

Terrorist attacks have occurred:

• in the coastal region, including in Mombasa and Malindi
• in the Mandera, Wajir and Garissa counties, near the border with Somalia

Foreigners have been targeted in some attacks. Further attacks cannot be ruled out.

Targets could include:

• government buildings, including schools
• places of worship
• airports and other transportation hubs and networks
• public areas such as tourist attractions, restaurants, bars, coffee shops, shopping centres, markets, hotels and other sites frequented by foreigners

Be particularly alert during religious holidays, sporting events and public celebrations. Terrorists have carried out attacks during these events.

• Always be aware of your surroundings when in public places
• Stay at hotels that have robust security measures, but keep in mind that even the most secure locations cannot be considered completely free of risk

Areas bordering Somalia and portion of the Coast region

Kenya’s border with Somalia is closed, but it is porous and Somali militias and bandit groups have carried out cross-border attacks against foreigners and humanitarian workers in this region. Some incidents involved the use of improvised explosive devices and have resulted in injuries and deaths, including at the Dadaab refugee camp, 80 km from the Somali border. The risk of such attacks in the region remains high.

Disputes between Somali clans also make the region unstable and dangerous. There is an increased military and police presence and frequent roadblocks due to the Government of Kenya’s efforts to limit Somali incursions and gun-running in the border area.

There is also an increased risk of kidnapping in the northeastern Kenyan counties of Mandera, Wajir and Garissa bordering Somalia and the coastal areas of Lamu County. Groups based in Somalia and northeastern Kenya have targeted humanitarian workers, tourists and residents in the past and deaths have occurred.

Beachfront accommodations on the coastal area are vulnerable to criminal activity, such as armed robbery, break-ins and carjacking.

Areas bordering South Sudan and Ethiopia

There is an extreme threat of kidnapping, terrorism and cross-border violence in the northern counties of Marsabit and Turkana within 110 km of Ethiopia and South Sudan.

Neighbourhoods of Nairobi

Criminal activity remains high in several neighbourhoods and areas of Nairobi. Police capacity to respond to crime and other incidents is very limited.

Northern and Western Kenya

Some areas located in Turkana, Marsabit, Isiolo, Wajir and Mandera counties are considered unsafe. The ongoing threat posed by terrorism is joined by various regional, tribal or clan-based conflicts involving land, cattle and water. Consider using armed escorts when travelling within these counties; escorts can often be arranged through local police stations.

• Avoid venturing away from tourist areas
• Do not travel after dark

Tribal conflicts have occurred in the Mount Elgon area in the western counties of Trans-Nzoia and Bungoma. If you decide to travel to that region:

• Remain vigilant at all times
• Monitor local media

There is a high crime rate in most regions of Kenya, particularly in major cities such as Nairobi, Mombasa and Kisumu, and at coastal beach resorts. Traditionally, crimes increase in the weeks before Christmas.

Be aware that there have been incidents of “mob justice” in which a crowd lynches suspected criminals prior to the arrival of police.

Violent Crime

Carjacking, home invasions, kidnappings and robberies occur, including during daylight hours and in neighbourhoods normally considered safe.

Tourists have been the target of carjacking, robberies and kidnappings while travelling to or from the international airports in Nairobi and Mombasa.

• Only use transportation organized by reputable tour companies or well-marked taxis
• Be particularly vigilant if you are commuting alone

In Nairobi, exercise extreme caution in informal settlement communities, such as Kasarani, Kibera and Mathare, due to the high level of crime and limited capacity of police to respond to incidents.

The Old Town of Fort Jesus in Mombasa has a similar crime rate to other areas of the city during the day. However, there is a greatly increased risk of criminal activity at night, including robberies, attacks and other street crimes. Crime rates are also high on and around the Likoni Ferry (which links Mombasa and the southern resorts).

• Be aware of your surroundings at all times, particularly on roads linking a city centre to residential areas
• Do not walk outdoors at night, particularly in isolated areas
• Exercise caution while walking during daylight hours and if travelling after dark
• When confronted by robbers, comply and do not offer resistance

Petty Crime

Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and purse snatching, occurs.

• Ensure that your belongings, including your passport and other travel documents, are secure at all times
• Avoid showing signs of affluence or carrying large sums of money
• Ensure that your credit and debit cards, cash and any other financial resources are not all kept in the same place
• Store your belongings in safekeeping facilities
• Never leave your bags unsupervised at a ticket office or a registration desk
• When you leave your hotel room, ensure that the door is locked and the “do not disturb” sign is displayed

Thieves travelling on scooters or on foot have targeted the bags of car or scooter passengers.

• Keep your windows closed, doors locked and valuables out of reach and sight
• Be especially vigilant when stopped at traffic lights

Incidents of passport theft have occurred in the departure area of Jomo Kenyatta International Airport in Nairobi. There have also been cases where checked luggage has been pilfered.

• Be aware of your surroundings at all airports
• Store your valuables in locked hand-luggage
• Do not exchange currency in the public areas of the airport

Demonstrations

Demonstrations take place regularly. Even peaceful demonstrations can turn violent at any time. They can also lead to disruptions to traffic and public transportation.

• Avoid areas where demonstrations and large gatherings are taking place
• Follow the instructions of local authorities
• Monitor local media for information on ongoing demonstrations

Mass gatherings (large-scale events)

Curfews can be imposed without notice.

Always comply with the directives issued by local authorities.

Power outages 

Power outages occur regularly across the country. Blackouts may increase the risk of criminal activity in affected areas, which could in turn lead to opportunistic theft during prolonged outages.

Power outages could affect your ability to purchase basic necessisties and impact essential services, such as: 

• public transportation, including flights 
• medical services  
• water supply 
• telecommunications 

Not all buildings are equipped with generators.   

• Plan accordingly  
• Keep a supply of water, food and fuel on hand  
• Make sure you always have an emergency kit on hand
• Monitor local media for the latest updates

Spiked food and drinks

Never leave food or drinks unattended or in the care of strangers. Be wary of accepting snacks, beverages, gum or cigarettes from new acquaintances. These items may contain drugs that could put you at risk of sexual assault and robbery.

Criminals have been known to impersonate hotel employees, police officers or government officials in attempts to get money from tourists.

If you are approached by someone claiming to be a government official or police officer and they fine you for an alleged offence, ask for an official government receipt.

Police officers are required to identify themselves. There is a complaint process through the Kenyan Police Service to investigate allegations of corruption and abuse.

Exercise caution if you are travelling to Kenya to meet someone with whom you have developed a relationship on the Internet (friendship, business or romance). Foreigners are often lured to Kenya, especially during the holiday season (Christmas and New Year), to meet their online contact in person. Once there, they become victims of crime. Some have lost thousands of dollars and some have been arrested for failing to pay debts accrued locally or exorbitant bills racked up as a result of scams.

Overseas fraud

Non-governmental organizations

Foreigners volunteering with local non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have sometimes reported incidents of fraud, threats and mistreatment by local personnel.

If you are contemplating volunteering with NGOs in Kenya, you should contact the National Bureau of NGOs before making any commitment and before departing Canada, to confirm that the organization you wish to work with is legitimate. All NGOs in Kenya are required by law to be registered with the National Council of NGOs, a self-regulating, non-partisan body.

National Bureau of NGOs

Women’s safety

Women travelling alone may be subject to some forms of harassment and verbal abuse. Attacks involving sexual assault have occurred.

Advice for women travellers

Forced Marriages

Forced marriage affecting foreigners occur. It sometimes occurs without the affected person’s prior knowledge or consent.

General information and advice about forced marriage

Road travel

Road conditions and road safety can vary greatly throughout the country.

Major highways are generally in good condition but minor roads are poorly maintained. Drivers do not respect traffic laws, and drinking and driving is prevalent, especially at night.

Keep this in mind when planning travel by road, as driving at night can be risky. Excessive speeds, poorly maintained vehicles, poor lighting and inadequate signage pose hazards.

During the rainy season, some unpaved roads become impassable, even with four-wheel drive vehicles. You should drive defensively and always be aware of your surroundings.

Serious traffic delays are common. The road from Nairobi to Mombasa is particularly congested and can be dangerous for tourists unfamiliar with local driving conditions. You should travel by air or train if possible.

Use authorized border crossings when travelling by vehicle between Kenya and Tanzania.

Overland travel

Visitors travelling overland to certain game parks and reserves have been attacked by armed bandits. Exercise caution on the roads between the following regions due to attacks, robberies and vehicle hijackings:

• Malindi to Lamu
• Nairobi and the Amboseli, Masai Mara, Nakuru and Tsavo game parks/reserves
• Nairobi and the Mount Kenya/Aberdare area

Public transportation

Public transportation is unsafe.

Inter city buses

Long-distance buses have been involved in serious accidents.

Intra City travel

Local mini buses (matatus) and motorbike taxis (boda-bodas) are generally poorly maintained, recklessly driven and not adequately insured. Matatu hijackings and incidents of passengers being robbed have occurred.

Use reliable taxi companies, and confirm the fare in advance.

The Madaraka Express Railway line between Nairobi and Mombasa is reliable and safe. Other passenger train lines are not safe and are routinely late.

Local assistance

The Kenya Tourism Federation operates a 24-hour Safety and Communication Centre, which provides information on tourism and road conditions, and has information about regional assistance in an emergency.

Safety Centre  - Kenya Tourism Federation

National parks, safaris and reserves

Tourists have been victims of crime, sometimes involving violence, in national parks and reserves, as well as on safaris.

• Remain aware of your surroundings at all times
• Avoid camping alone or without expert local assistance

Wildlife viewing

Wildlife viewing poses risks, particularly on foot or at close range.

• Always maintain a safe distance when observing wildlife
• Only exit a vehicle when a professional guide or warden says it’s safe to do so
• Only use reputable and professional guides or tour operators
• Closely follow park regulations and wardens’ advice

Maritime transportation

The Likoni Ferry (from Mombasa to Likoni) is unsafe due to a combination of high crime rates, uncontrolled crowds, limited safety training, frequent breakdowns and inconsistent maintenance. Stampedes and overcrowding on the ferry have resulted in multiple injuries.

Pirate attacks and armed robbery against ships occur in coastal waters. Mariners should take appropriate precautions.

Live piracy report  - International Maritime Bureau

We do not make assessments on the compliance of foreign domestic airlines with international safety standards.

Information about foreign domestic airlines

Every country or territory decides who can enter or exit through its borders. The Government of Canada cannot intervene on your behalf if you do not meet your destination’s entry or exit requirements.

We have obtained the information on this page from Kenyan authorities. It can, however, change at any time.

Verify this information with the  Foreign Representatives in Canada .

Entry requirements vary depending on the type of passport you use for travel.

Before you travel, check with your transportation company about passport requirements. Its rules on passport validity may be more stringent than the country’s entry rules.

Regular Canadian passport

Your passport must be valid for at least six months from the date of entry into Kenya.

Passport for official travel

Different entry rules may apply.

Official travel

Passport with “X” gender identifier

While the Government of Canada issues passports with an “X” gender identifier, it cannot guarantee your entry or transit through other countries. You might face entry restrictions in countries that do not recognize the “X” gender identifier. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Other travel documents

Different entry rules may apply when travelling with a temporary passport or an emergency travel document. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Useful links

• Foreign Representatives in Canada
• Canadian passports

Tourist visa: not required Transit visa: not required if you have a connecting flight and are not leaving the airport  Business visa: required Student visa: required Work Permit: required

As of January 1, 2024, tourists are required to apply and pay for an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) prior to their travel. You can still use issued valid tourist visas until they expire.

You must obtain your visa or eTA online prior to your departure. Be sure to check the visa validity immediately after issuance.

If you don’t have a valid visa, you could be detained, taken to court and charged for being in Kenya illegally. You could be subject to a fine or deportation.

Useful links :

Apply for an eTA  – Government of Kenya Kenyan Civil Aviation Authority  – Government of Kenya eVisa  – Kenyan Department of Immigration Services

Visa extension

Kenyan Immigration authorities may extend your visa for one month at a time, for a maximum of three months. Each extension costs KSH 1000, and must be requested while the visa is still valid.

To extend your visa, contact immigration authorities once you are in the country.

You must pay all visa fees in exact cash and only in U.S. dollars, British pound sterling or euros. You can’t pay for a visa with a credit card.

There is no fee for visas for children under 16 years.

East African tourist visa

The East African Tourist Visa allows for multiple entries to Kenya, Uganda, and Rwanda.

This visa is valid for 90 days and cannot be extended.

You must obtain this visa from the authorities of the country that is your first entry point. If you plan to begin your trip in Kenya, you must obtain it from the High Commission for the Republic of Kenya or on arrival.

Work Permits

You must have a valid work permit to work or volunteer in Kenya. It is illegal to work or volunteer in Kenya with any other type of visa.

As a foreign worker in Kenya, you must carry the necessary work permits and documentation with you at all times, even when volunteering. Strict actions will be taken if you don’t comply, including deportation.

To obtain an electronic working permit, apply online with the Department of Immigration Services. You must visit the Kenya Immigration headquarters (Nyayo House in the Central Business District of Nairobi) after completing the online application to obtain your permit.

Apply for a work permit  - Kenyan Department of Immigration Services

NGO workers

Canadians planning to work or volunteer (including, temporarily or part-time) in Kenya for any period are required to have a work permit.

The National Council of NGOs can provide assistance in obtaining a work permit for individuals planning to work for a local NGO if contacted in advance.

If an employee moves from one organization to another, the first permit becomes void and the individual must apply for a new permit to work with the subsequent organization.

Consult with the NGO with whom you are planning to volunteer, as well as with the Kenya Immigration Foreign Nationals Services for full information and requirements.

More information about Kenyan work permits  - High commission of Kenya

Children and travel

Learn more about travelling with children .

Yellow fever

Learn about potential entry requirements related to yellow fever (vaccines section).

The Kenyan authorities regularly carry out spot checks for proof of yellow fever vaccinations. Carry a copy of your proof of vaccination with you at all times.

Relevant Travel Health Notices

• Global Measles Notice - 13 March, 2024
• Zika virus: Advice for travellers - 31 August, 2023
• COVID-19 and International Travel - 13 March, 2024
• Polio: Advice for travellers - 17 April, 2024

This section contains information on possible health risks and restrictions regularly found or ongoing in the destination. Follow this advice to lower your risk of becoming ill while travelling. Not all risks are listed below.

Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic preferably 6 weeks before you travel to get personalized health advice and recommendations.

Routine vaccines

Be sure that your  routine vaccinations , as per your province or territory , are up-to-date before travelling, regardless of your destination.

Some of these vaccinations include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, varicella (chickenpox), influenza and others.

Pre-travel vaccines and medications

You may be at risk for preventable diseases while travelling in this destination. Talk to a travel health professional about which medications or vaccines may be right for you, based on your destination and itinerary. 

Yellow fever   is a disease caused by a flavivirus from the bite of an infected mosquito.

Travellers get vaccinated either because it is required to enter a country or because it is recommended for their protection.

• There is a risk of yellow fever in this country.

Country Entry Requirement*

• Proof of vaccination is required if you are coming from a country   where yellow fever occurs.

Recommendation

• Vaccination is recommended depending on your itinerary.
• Contact a designated  Yellow Fever Vaccination Centre  well in advance of your trip to arrange for vaccination.
• Discuss travel plans, activities, and destinations with a health care professional.
• Protect yourself from mosquito bites .

About Yellow Fever

Yellow Fever Vaccination Centres in Canada * It is important to note that   country entry requirements   may not reflect your risk of yellow fever at your destination. It is recommended that you contact the nearest   diplomatic or consular office   of the destination(s) you will be visiting to verify any additional entry requirements.

There is a risk of hepatitis A in this destination. It is a disease of the liver. People can get hepatitis A if they ingest contaminated food or water, eat foods prepared by an infectious person, or if they have close physical contact (such as oral-anal sex) with an infectious person, although casual contact among people does not spread the virus.

Practise  safe food and water precautions and wash your hands often. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers to areas where hepatitis A is present.

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. It can spread quickly from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

Anyone who is not protected against measles is at risk of being infected with it when travelling internationally.

Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are fully protected against measles.

  Hepatitis B is a risk in every destination. It is a viral liver disease that is easily transmitted from one person to another through exposure to blood and body fluids containing the hepatitis B virus.  Travellers who may be exposed to blood or other bodily fluids (e.g., through sexual contact, medical treatment, sharing needles, tattooing, acupuncture or occupational exposure) are at higher risk of getting hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all travellers. Prevent hepatitis B infection by practicing safe sex, only using new and sterile drug equipment, and only getting tattoos and piercings in settings that follow public health regulations and standards.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious viral disease. It can spread from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

It is recommended that all eligible travellers complete a COVID-19 vaccine series along with any additional recommended doses in Canada before travelling. Evidence shows that vaccines are very effective at preventing severe illness, hospitalization and death from COVID-19. While vaccination provides better protection against serious illness, you may still be at risk of infection from the virus that causes COVID-19. Anyone who has not completed a vaccine series is at increased risk of being infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 and is at greater risk for severe disease when travelling internationally.

Before travelling, verify your destination’s COVID-19 vaccination entry/exit requirements. Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are adequately protected against COVID-19.

 The best way to protect yourself from seasonal influenza (flu) is to get vaccinated every year. Get the flu shot at least 2 weeks before travelling.  

 The flu occurs worldwide. 

•  In the Northern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs from November to   April.
•  In the Southern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs between April and   October.
•  In the tropics, there is flu activity year round. 

The flu vaccine available in one hemisphere may only offer partial protection against the flu in the other hemisphere.

The flu virus spreads from person to person when they cough or sneeze or by touching objects and surfaces that have been contaminated with the virus. Clean your hands often and wear a mask if you have a fever or respiratory symptoms.

This destination is in the African Meningitis Belt, an area which has the highest rates of meningococcal disease in the world. Meningococcal disease is a serious and sometimes fatal infection. 

Travellers who are at higher risk should discuss vaccination with a health care provider. High-risk travellers include those living or working with the local population (e.g., health care workers) or those travelling to crowded areas or taking part in large gatherings.

Malaria  is a serious and sometimes fatal disease that is caused by parasites spread through the bites of mosquitoes.   There is a risk of malaria in certain areas and/or during a certain time of year in this destination. 

Antimalarial medication may be recommended depending on your itinerary and the time of year you are travelling. Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic before travelling to discuss your options. It is recommended to do this 6 weeks before travel, however, it is still a good idea any time before leaving.    Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times:  • Cover your skin and use an approved insect repellent on uncovered skin.  • Exclude mosquitoes from your living area with screening and/or closed, well-sealed doors and windows. • Use insecticide-treated bed nets if mosquitoes cannot be excluded from your living area.  • Wear permethrin-treated clothing.    If you develop symptoms similar to malaria when you are travelling or up to a year after you return home, see a health care professional immediately. Tell them where you have been travelling or living. 

In this destination, rabies is commonly carried by dogs and some wildlife, including bats. Rabies is a deadly disease that spreads to humans primarily through bites or scratches from an infected animal. While travelling, take precautions , including keeping your distance from animals (including free-roaming dogs), and closely supervising children.

If you are bitten or scratched by a dog or other animal while travelling, immediately wash the wound with soap and clean water and see a health care professional. In this destination, rabies treatment may be limited or may not be available, therefore you may need to return to Canada for treatment.  

Before travel, discuss rabies vaccination with a health care professional. It may be recommended for travellers who are at high risk of exposure (e.g., occupational risk such as veterinarians and wildlife workers, children, adventure travellers and spelunkers, and others in close contact with animals). 

Polio (poliomyelitis) is an infectious disease that can be prevented by vaccination. It is caused by poliovirus type 1, 2 or 3. Circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus 2 (cVDPV2) is present in this country. Polio is spread from person to person and through contaminated food and water. Infection with the polio virus can cause paralysis and death in individuals of any age who are not immune.

Recommendations:

• Be sure that your polio vaccinations are up to date before travelling. Polio is part of the routine vaccine schedule for children in Canada.
• One booster dose of the polio vaccine is recommended as an adult .

Safe food and water precautions

Many illnesses can be caused by eating food or drinking beverages contaminated by bacteria, parasites, toxins, or viruses, or by swimming or bathing in contaminated water.

• Learn more about food and water precautions to take to avoid getting sick by visiting our eat and drink safely abroad page. Remember: Boil it, cook it, peel it, or leave it!
• Avoid getting water into your eyes, mouth or nose when swimming or participating in activities in freshwater (streams, canals, lakes), particularly after flooding or heavy rain. Water may look clean but could still be polluted or contaminated.
• Avoid inhaling or swallowing water while bathing, showering, or swimming in pools or hot tubs. 

Cholera is a risk in parts of this country. Most travellers are at very low risk.

To protect against cholera, all travellers should practise safe food and water precautions .

Travellers at higher risk of getting cholera include those:

• visiting, working or living in areas with limited access to safe food, water and proper sanitation
• visiting areas where outbreaks are occurring

Vaccination may be recommended for high-risk travellers, and should be discussed with a health care professional.

Travellers' diarrhea is the most common illness affecting travellers. It is spread from eating or drinking contaminated food or water.

Risk of developing travellers' diarrhea increases when travelling in regions with poor standards of hygiene and sanitation. Practise safe food and water precautions.

The most important treatment for travellers' diarrhea is rehydration (drinking lots of fluids). Carry oral rehydration salts when travelling.

Typhoid   is a bacterial infection spread by contaminated food or water. Risk is higher among children, travellers going to rural areas, travellers visiting friends and relatives or those travelling for a long period of time.

Travellers visiting regions with a risk of typhoid, especially those exposed to places with poor sanitation, should speak to a health care professional about vaccination.  

There is a risk of schistosomiasis in this destination. Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by tiny worms (blood flukes) which can be found in freshwater (lakes, rivers, ponds, and wetlands). The worms can break the skin, and their eggs can cause stomach pain, diarrhea, flu-like symptoms, or urinary problems. Schistosomiasis mostly affects underdeveloped and r ural communities, particularly agricultural and fishing communities.

Most travellers are at low risk. Travellers should avoid contact with untreated freshwater such as lakes, rivers, and ponds (e.g., swimming, bathing, wading, ingesting). There is no vaccine or medication available to prevent infection.

Insect bite prevention

Many diseases are spread by the bites of infected insects such as mosquitoes, ticks, fleas or flies. When travelling to areas where infected insects may be present:

• Use insect repellent (bug spray) on exposed skin
• Cover up with light-coloured, loose clothes made of tightly woven materials such as nylon or polyester
• Minimize exposure to insects
• Use mosquito netting when sleeping outdoors or in buildings that are not fully enclosed

To learn more about how you can reduce your risk of infection and disease caused by bites, both at home and abroad, visit our insect bite prevention page.

Find out what types of insects are present where you’re travelling, when they’re most active, and the symptoms of the diseases they spread.

There is a risk of chikungunya in this country.  The risk may vary between regions of a country.  Chikungunya is a virus spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. Chikungunya can cause a viral disease that typically causes fever and pain in the joints. In some cases, the joint pain can be severe and last for months or years.

Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times. There is no vaccine available for chikungunya.

Rift Valley fever is a viral disease that can cause severe flu-like symptoms. In some cases, it can be fatal. It is spread to humans through contact with infected animal blood or tissues, from the bite of an infected mosquito, or eating or drinking unpasteurized dairy. Risk is generally low for most travellers. Protect yourself from insect bites and avoid animals, particularly livestock, and unpasteurized dairy. There is no vaccine available for Rift Valley fever.

Visceral  leishmaniasis   (or kala azar) affects the bone marrow and internal organs. It is caused by a parasite spread through the bite of a female sandfly. It can also be transmitted by blood transfusion or sharing contaminated needles. If left untreated it can cause death. Risk is generally low for most travellers. Protect yourself from sandfly bites, which typically occur after sunset in rural and forested areas and in some urban centres. There is no vaccine or medication to protect against leishmaniasis.

• In this country,   dengue  is a risk to travellers. It is a viral disease spread to humans by mosquito bites.
• Dengue can cause flu-like symptoms. In some cases, it can lead to severe dengue, which can be fatal.
• The level of risk of dengue changes seasonally, and varies from year to year. The level of risk also varies between regions in a country and can depend on the elevation in the region.
• Mosquitoes carrying dengue typically bite during the daytime, particularly around sunrise and sunset.
• Protect yourself from mosquito bites . There is no vaccine or medication that protects against dengue.

Zika virus is a risk in this country. 

Zika virus is primarily spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. It can also be sexually transmitted. Zika virus can cause serious birth defects.

During your trip:

• Prevent mosquito bites at all times.
• Use condoms correctly or avoid sexual contact, particularly if you are pregnant.

If you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, you should discuss the potential risks of travelling to this destination with your health care provider. You may choose to avoid or postpone travel. 

For more information, see Zika virus: Pregnant or planning a pregnancy.

Animal precautions

Some infections, such as rabies and influenza, can be shared between humans and animals. Certain types of activities may increase your chance of contact with animals, such as travelling in rural or forested areas, camping, hiking, and visiting wet markets (places where live animals are slaughtered and sold) or caves.

Travellers are cautioned to avoid contact with animals, including dogs, livestock (pigs, cows), monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats, and to avoid eating undercooked wild game.

Closely supervise children, as they are more likely to come in contact with animals.

Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by bacteria. People can get sick with anthrax if they come into contact with infected animals or contaminated animal products. Anthrax can cause severe illness in both humans and animals. Travellers to areas where anthrax is common or where an outbreak is occurring in animals can get sick with anthrax if:

• they have contact with infected animal carcasses or eat meat from animals that were sick when slaughtered
• they handle animal parts, such as hides, wool or hair, or products made from those animal parts, such as animal hide drums.

If you are visiting these areas, do not eat raw or undercooked meat and avoid contact with livestock, wildlife, animal products, and animal carcasses.

Person-to-person infections

Stay home if you’re sick and practise proper cough and sneeze etiquette , which includes coughing or sneezing into a tissue or the bend of your arm, not your hand. Reduce your risk of colds, the flu and other illnesses by:

•   washing your hands often
• avoiding or limiting the amount of time spent in closed spaces, crowded places, or at large-scale events (concerts, sporting events, rallies)
• avoiding close physical contact with people who may be showing symptoms of illness 

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) , HIV , and mpox are spread through blood and bodily fluids; use condoms, practise safe sex, and limit your number of sexual partners. Check with your local public health authority pre-travel to determine your eligibility for mpox vaccine.  

Tuberculosis is an infection caused by bacteria and usually affects the lungs.

For most travellers the risk of tuberculosis is low.

Travellers who may be at high risk while travelling in regions with risk of tuberculosis should discuss pre- and post-travel options with a health care professional.

High-risk travellers include those visiting or working in prisons, refugee camps, homeless shelters, or hospitals, or travellers visiting friends and relatives.

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)   is a virus that attacks and impairs the immune system, resulting in a chronic, progressive illness known as AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). 

High risk activities include anything which puts you in contact with blood or body fluids, such as unprotected sex and exposure to unsterilized needles for medications or other substances (for example, steroids and drugs), tattooing, body-piercing or acupuncture.

Medical services and facilities

Good medical facilities are available in Nairobi, but health-care standards in other parts of the country vary and can be very limited. Medical facilities may require proof of insurance or up-front payment before starting treatment.

Make sure you get travel insurance that includes coverage for medical evacuation and hospital stays.

Travel health and safety

Keep in Mind...

The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller. The traveller is also responsible for his or her own personal safety.

Be prepared. Do not expect medical services to be the same as in Canada. Pack a   travel health kit , especially if you will be travelling away from major city centres.

You must abide by local laws.

Learn about what you should do and how we can help if you are arrested or detained abroad .

Identification

You must carry photo identification or a copy of your passport at all times. Police and immigration officials have the right to demand proof of your identification, residency or valid visas. You should cooperate with authorities if you are asked for identification. Failure to present proof of residence or a valid visa to authorities when requested to do so could result in fines or arrest. Keep a photocopy of your passport in a safe place, in case it's lost or confiscated.

Volunteering

It is illegal to work or volunteer in Kenya without a valid work permit. Kenyan authorities strictly enforce this law. Convicted offenders could face heavy fines, jail sentences of up to five years and deportation.

Penalties for possession, use or trafficking of illegal drugs are severe. Convicted offenders can expect jail sentences ranging from 10 years to life imprisonment and heavy fines. You could also face fines and jail time if you are convicted of being in a location where there are illegal drugs, even if they are not yours.

There are strict restrictions on the sale of alcoholic beverages and on consuming alcohol in public places.

Drugs, alcohol and travel

Smoking is prohibited in all public places. Convicted offenders could pay heavy fines or face a jail sentence.

Possession of ivory or other banned wildlife items, even if purchased outside of Kenya, is strictly prohibited. Killing, buying, selling or trading any protected wild animal or any of its parts is illegal. Offenders can be arrested and given lengthy prison sentences and heavy fines.

Photography

Photography of government buildings, foreign embassies and missions (including the Canadian High Commission), airports, military facilities or other sensitive locations is prohibited and may lead to arrest or detention.

Illegal and restricted items

Plastic bags.

The use, manufacture or importation of plastic bags, including garbage bags and shopping bags, is illegal. Convicted offenders, including tourists, can face very heavy fines (up to USD 40,000), imprisonment for up to two years, or both.

Plastic bag ban

The recreational and commercial flying of drones is strictly regulated.

You must seek the permission from the Kenya Civil Aviation Authority prior to your arrival. If you don't comply, you may be fined and your drone may be confiscated.

Unmanned Aircraft Systems (Drones) - Kenya Civil Aviation Authority

To carry firearms, you must obtain permission from local authorities prior to entering the country. Firearms are strictly forbidden in wildlife reserves and national parks.

Pornographic material

Possession of pornographic material is forbidden.

2SLGBTQI+ travellers

Kenyan law prohibits sexual acts between individuals of the same sex. Those convicted can face lengthy prison sentences.

Even though there are few convictions, 2SLGBTQI+ persons are routinely harassed by the police, and societal discrimination based on sexual orientation is widespread.

2SLGBTQI+ travellers should carefully consider the risks of travelling to Kenya.

Travel and your sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics

Dual citizenship

Dual citizenship is legally recognized in Kenya.

If you are a Canadian citizen, but also a citizen of Kenya, our ability to offer you consular services may be limited while you're there. You may also be subject to different entry/exit requirements .

Travellers with dual citizenship

International Child Abduction

The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction is an international treaty. It can help parents with the return of children who have been removed to or retained in certain countries in violation of custody rights. It does not apply between Canada and Kenya.

If your child was wrongfully taken to, or is being held in Kenya by an abducting parent:

• act as quickly as you can
• consult a lawyer in Canada and in Kenya to explore all the legal options for the return of your child
• report the situation to the nearest Canadian government office abroad or to the Vulnerable Children’s Consular Unit at Global Affairs Canada by calling the Emergency Watch and Response Centre.

If your child was removed from a country other than Canada, consult a lawyer to determine if The Hague Convention applies.

Be aware that Canadian consular officials cannot interfere in private legal matters or in another country’s judicial affairs.

• International Child Abduction: A Guidebook for Left-Behind Parents
• Travelling with children
• Canadian embassies and consulates by destination
• Emergency Watch and Response Centre

Traffic drives on the left.

While driving, drivers must always carry:

• a valid driver's licence
• vehicle registration documents
• proof of valid insurance
• a valid vehicle inspection certificate

These documents must be produced on demand by a police officer.

You must be at least 18 years old to drive a private motor vehicle in Kenya.

You may drive using a Canadian driver's licence for up to 90 days from the date of entry into Kenya.

An International Driving Permit is accepted, if presented with your original Canadian licence.

Residents of Kenya may apply for a Kenyan driver's licence with proof of a valid Canadian driver's licence.

If using a Canadian licence for any of the above cases, it must be in English or a certified translation must accompany it and be presented on demand.

Private motor vehicles must have 2 emergency triangles.

If you are stopped due to a traffic violation, the police officer may ask you to pay an on-the spot fine. Police, however, are not permitted to accept cash on the spot without issuing an official receipt. If you disagree with the traffic ticket, you have the right to ask for due process. The officer should provide you with information on when and where you can go to be properly charged, and then you may pursue that process.

International Driving Permit

Exercise common sense and discretion in your dress and behaviour, particularly in the coast region, where the majority of the population is Muslim.

To avoid offending local sensitivities:

• dress conservatively
• behave discreetly
• respect religious and social traditions

In 2025, the lunar month of Ramadan is expected to begin on or around February 28.

In public, between sunrise and sunset, be discreet when:

The currency is the Kenyan shilling (KES).

ATMs are widely available.

Credit cards are widely accepted at major hotels, but not always in more remote locations.

Many banks and hotels exchange foreign currency. It is also possible to convert Kenyan shillings into foreign currency at the airport upon departure.

M-PESA is a common form of electronic funds transfer accepted across Kenya, including at national parks. National parks do not accept cash and generally accept credit cards, but at times, due to technical difficulties, only payment via M-PESA is accepted.

Travellers who import the equivalent of U.S. $5,000 or more must provide documentation stating the source and purpose of the funds.

Rainy seasons and droughts

Drought is the most prevalent natural hazard in Kenya affecting mainly the eastern, north eastern and coast area, as well as parts of the Rift Valley.

There are normally two rainy seasons in Kenya: from October to November, and from late March to mid-June. Seasonal flooding and mudslides can hamper overland travel and reduce the provision of essential services. Roads may become impassable and bridges damaged.

If you reside in or are travelling to affected areas:

• exercise caution
• monitor local news and weather reports
• follow the advice of local authorities

Volcanoes and earthquakes

Natural disasters are possible due to regional volcanic and seismic activity. While there have not been any recent incidents, pay careful attention to all warnings issued.

Local services

There is no reliable centralized number to reach emergency services. Research and carry contact information for local police and medical facilities.

Consular assistance

For emergency consular assistance, call the High Commission of Canada in Kenya, in Nairobi, and follow the instructions. At any time, you may also contact the  Emergency Watch and Response Centre  in Ottawa.

Burundi, Rwanda, Somalia, South Sudan, Uganda

For emergency consular assistance, call the High Commission of Canada in Kenya, in Nairobi, and follow the instructions. At any time, you may also contact the Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa.

The decision to travel is your choice and you are responsible for your personal safety abroad. We take the safety and security of Canadians abroad very seriously and provide credible and timely information in our Travel Advice to enable you to make well-informed decisions regarding your travel abroad.

The content on this page is provided for information only. While we make every effort to give you correct information, it is provided on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind, expressed or implied. The Government of Canada does not assume responsibility and will not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided.

If you need consular assistance while abroad, we will make every effort to help you. However, there may be constraints that will limit the ability of the Government of Canada to provide services.

Learn more about consular services .

Risk Levels

  take normal security precautions.

Take similar precautions to those you would take in Canada.

  Exercise a high degree of caution

There are certain safety and security concerns or the situation could change quickly. Be very cautious at all times, monitor local media and follow the instructions of local authorities.

IMPORTANT: The two levels below are official Government of Canada Travel Advisories and are issued when the safety and security of Canadians travelling or living in the country or region may be at risk.

  Avoid non-essential travel

Your safety and security could be at risk. You should think about your need to travel to this country, territory or region based on family or business requirements, knowledge of or familiarity with the region, and other factors. If you are already there, think about whether you really need to be there. If you do not need to be there, you should think about leaving.

  Avoid all travel

You should not travel to this country, territory or region. Your personal safety and security are at great risk. If you are already there, you should think about leaving if it is safe to do so.

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• International
• International aid and development

UK announces funding to unlock fifty green projects in Kenya

The UK is providing £6.6m to help Kenyan counties access green finance, and has funded expert analysis to guide these investments

Thursday 25 April – The UK has announced funding to kick-start the development of fifty green investment projects across Kenya. The funding was guided by the County Green Finance Assessment, which was launched today at an event in Nairobi.

The report, funded by the UK, assesses the ability of ten counties from across Kenya to access green finance. It will empower counties to direct investment towards sectors in most need of support, which could include water, healthcare, or energy infrastructure. These could deliver economic returns whilst meeting the specific needs of local communities.

The uplift in funding from £3.1m to £6.6m will mostly support Kenyan counties to develop these fifty projects and secure financing to make them a reality. These green investments could also create jobs and grow local economies, whilst simultaneously protecting Kenya’s incredible biodiversity and unique landscapes.

It will also support the development of new financial solutions to increase access to affordable, green, quality, housing – including associated infrastructure and services.

The analysis was produced by Financial Sector Deepening Kenya, an independent trust set-up and supported by the UK government to deliver financial solutions to the real-world challenges facing Kenya. They will also provide the support to counties to develop and implement projects.

The County Green Finance Assessment analysed each county based on four criteria including financial performance, credit risk, the availability of green investment opportunities and the counties’ abilities to manage green finance.

The report is an African product for Africa, developed with Africa’s first and only credit-rating agency certified to perform verification of green bonds, projects and assets - Agusto & Co.

They have partnered on the project along with the Capital Markets Authority, the ADA Consortium, and the Nairobi Securities Exchange. The assessment was completed with the approval of The National Treasury and Economic Planning.

Leigh Stubblefield, Development Director at the British High Commission Nairobi, said:

As flooding causes disruption across Kenya, we can see clearly how the countries that are least responsible for climate change are the worst affected. We admire Kenya’s impressive climate credentials and are proud of our climate partnerships.

This report and funding are long-term commitments to find quality, long-term solutions. I encourage countries to use the report to continue along the path of green growth, so together we can protect our people, planet, and prosperity. We go far when we go together.

Tamara Cook, CEO at FSD Kenya, said:

The assessment of the green opportunity in counties illuminates the immense natural asset base that needs to be managed, protected and preserved. It is also clear that core government services such as water, energy, waste management and transport provide valuable avenues for green investment possibilities where there is growing demand. The next step will be to prepare green projects with counties so that green funding can be directed towards local development priorities in a manner that creates lasting impact.

The 10 counties included are Embu, Kirinyaga, Kisumu, Laikipia, Nairobi, Makueni, Nandi, Taita-Taveta, Vihiga, and Wahir.

FSD Kenya has previous experience of supporting Kenyan counties. They worked together on the County Climate Change Fund (CCCF) mechanism which has already helped counties to allocate more than KES 636 million towards green projects in local communities.

The uplift in funding will also support the development of new financial solutions to increase access to affordable, green, quality, housing – including associated infrastructure and services.

This report supports the UK-Kenya Strategic partnership - an ambitious five-year agreement delivering mutual benefits for the UK and Kenya, including job creation and economic growth.

Notes to Editors

Assessment criteria.

The assessment focused on the following:

Economic and fiscal assessment to gauge a county’s fiscal performance, strengths, challenges, and ability to take on (additional) debt.

Credit risk assessment to estimate the county government’s relative likelihood of defaulting on its obligations from the listing.

Green asset and activity assessment to evaluate availability of green investment opportunities and assets in the selected counties.

Green finance capability assessment to analyse a county government’s ability to manage green financial instruments and related projects.

The UK-Kenya Strategic Partnership

The UK-Kenya strategic partnership  joint statement can be found here .

About FSD Kenya

Financial Sector Deepening Kenya (FSD Kenya) is an independent trust dedicated to the achievement of a financial system that delivers value for a green and inclusive digital economy while improving financial health and capability for women and micro and small enterprises (MSEs). We work closely with the public sector, the financial services industry, and other partners to develop financial solutions that better address the real-world challenges that low-income households, micro and small enterprises, and underserved groups such as women and youth face. More: www.fsdkenya.org

About Augusto & Co

Agusto & Co. is registered as a credit rating agency by the Kenyan and Rwandan Capital Markets Authorities and the Securities Exchange Commission in Nigeria. Agusto & Co. is also Certified as an Approved Verifier by the Climate Bond Standards Board as the first company of African origin to have the capabilities to perform verification of green bonds, projects, and assets in Africa.

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