trip class for motor

Overload or Thermal Protection (ANSI 49)

Introduction

Overload or thermal protection protects all types of motor applications against overload currents.

Operating Principle

Overload or thermal protection is I 2 t IDMT (Inverse Definite Minimum Time):

o It incorporates the motor thermal image function.

o It can be configured as the Ir pickup and as the trip class (Class).

Tripping curve:

Ir Pickup Setting Value

The overload or thermal protection pickup (Ir) is set by using a multi-position dial.

The default Ir pickup setting value is 0.4 x In (minimum dial value).

The overload or thermal protection tripping range is 1.05–1.20 x Ir according to IEC/EN 60947-4-1 standard.

The following table shows the preset values of the adjustment dial Ir in amperes for each current rating In:

Trip Class Setting Value

The trip class (Class) is set by using an adjustment dial:

o Class 10 (default value)

The trip class corresponds to the value of the tripping time for a current of 7.2 x Ir according to IEC/EN 60947-4-1 standard.

The following table shows the value of the tripping time depending on the current in the load for all three classes:

The precision range is -20%, + 0%

Motor Thermal Image

The model representing heat rise and cooling in a motor load is constructed according to the algorithm for calculating the thermal demand, taking account of the iron and copper losses.

The following figure represents the limit curves for the iron and copper components calculated for class 20:

Thermal Memory

The trip unit uses a thermal memory function to protect the motor from overheating in case of low amplitude repetitive faults.

Electronic protection without thermal memory function does not protect against repetitive faults because the duration of each overload above the pickup setting is too short to cause tripping. However, each overload causes a temperature rise in the installation. The cumulative effect of successive overloads can overheat the system. The thermal memory function remembers and integrates the thermal heating caused by each pickup setting overrun. The thermal memory function remembers the thermal heating values for 20 minutes before or after tripping.

Example:  Comparison of the heat rise calculation without thermal image (diagram A ) and with thermal image (diagram B ):

With thermal image, the trip unit adds the thermal effect of successive current pulses. Tripping occurs based on the actual thermal state of the motor.

Cooling Fan

The thermal image of the motor is calculated taking account of the fact that the motor is self-cooled (fan mounted on the shaft end).

DOCA0161EN-01

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What is Trip Class? Trip Class 5, 10, 10A, 20, 30, 40 Explained

What is trip class.

Overload relays are rated by a trip class that defines the length of time it will take for the overload relay to trip in an overload condition. The most common trip classes are Class 10, Class 20, and Class 30. In Europe, tripping curves of overload relays are defined by IEC Standard. In North America, the NEMA Standard defines trip classes.

IEC components are typically application-rated. This means the controller is sized very close to its operational limit for a given application. IEC motors are also generally more application-rated. For these reasons, the Class 10 trip is most common on IEC applications. Because NEMA products are applied with more built-in excess capacity, the Class 20 trip is the most common.

Trip classes according to NEMA

NEMA Standard MG-1 defines 4 types of Classes. The most common classes are 5, 10, 20 & 30.

Class 5, 10, 20 & 30 overload relays will trip within 5, 10, 20 & 30 seconds respectively at 600% of motor full load amps.

A Class 10 overload relay, for example, has to trip the motor offline in 10 seconds or less at 600% of the full load amps (which is usually sufficient time for the motor to reach full speed). Many industrial loads, particularly high inertia loads, require Class 30.

Class 5 is usually used for motors requiring fast tripping.

Class 10 is commonly used to protect artificially cooled motors such as submersible pump motors of low thermal capacity.

Class 20 is usually sufficient for general-purpose applications.

Class 30 is usually required for high inertial loads to help prevent nuisance tripping.

Trip classes according to IEC

A classification of the starting typology is linked to the characteristics required by the load and by the consequent behavior of the thermal relay. Compensated thermal relays have an operating principle for which their behavior remains unchanged when the working temperature varies.

The standard establishes the tripping times corresponding to 7.2 x Ir (Ir setting current of the thermal protection), based on which the concept of trip class or starting class is introduced, as shown below.

The meaning of the different terms in this table can be better explained by referring to the following considerations.

The parameter 7.2 x Ir is the multiple of the current set on the protection relay and the multiplying factor 7.2 is fixed by the product standard.

“Ir” usually coincides with the rated current of the motor “Ie”, the value 7.2 x Ir may be considered the current that the motor absorbs during the starting phase.

The trip classes usually considered and most commonly used are 10A, 10, 20 and 30 referred to as the time “Ti” of the middle column.

It is quite common to speak of normal starting and associate it the trip classes 10A and 10, or heavy starting making reference to trip classes 20 and 30. The other trip classes and the tripping time indicated with band “E” have been recently introduced in an amendment of the Standard IEC 60947-4-1 and are characterized by a restricted trip range due to the increase of the minimum non-tripping time.

The limits fixed for “Ti”, which is the generic tripping time of the thermal protection, have the following meaning:

– The lower limit represents the minimum time under which the relay mustn’t trip in order not to interfere during starting;

– The upper limit is the time within which the relay shall surely trip. Such limit is fixed regarding the standard characteristics of the machine allowing the stator windings, or however the motor in general, to withstand the starting current and the thermal effects generated by the current for quite short times.

Using an easy numerical example, the meaning of the information reported in the table results is clearer. By assuming to have a motor for a specific application that needs a starting time of 5s, the choice of a thermal protection device classified as trip class 10A and 10 would not be correct because, from a theoretical point of view, it could trip already at 2s or 4s; therefore it is necessary to choose a relay in class 20, which up to 6s does not trip, thus allowing complete starting of the motor. The figure below shows a typical example of the protection curves of a relay for motor starting; from their analysis, it is evident the correspondence between the trip time value which “Ti” assumes and the division into the different classes 10A – 10 –20 – 30 which characterizes the relay. It is possible to see how in correspondence with 7.2 x Ir (the value established by the Standard), the relay declared in class 30 has a tripping time of about 23s (item A), thus in compliance with the indications of the table above.

The characteristics of the load to be driven by the motor, the motor type, and the starting modality are elements that influence the starting time and consequently the choice of the thermal protection device. With the only purpose of offering an indication linked to real applications, it is possible to state that ship propellers, compressors, and centrifugal pumps may be included in the category of normal starting, therefore with thermal protection class 10 or 10A, whereas – for example – centrifugal fans, mixers, and mills can be considered part of heavy starting, therefore with thermal protection class 30. It is evident how it is important to define the operating conditions to ensure a correct choice of the motor, and also of the protection device to obtain optimum working and protection conditions.

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Overload Relay – Definition, Types, and Principle

Overload relay is very common when we are dealing with electric motors. Why is that?

Electric motors are often used in equipment that include rotating parts. Because motors are often fairly costly, it’s critical to avoid them failing due to carrying more electric current than their rated amperage.

Ground faults (short-circuits in the motor windings or peripheral cables) can cause electrical overload, but jamming or inappropriate operation are more prevalent causes.

Every motor must be protected against all possible flaws in order to ensure long-term, safe operation and save time lost due to breakdown. Almost all industries rely on electric motors to regulate their processes and output. As a result, the engine must be made fail-safe.

Overload relays are one type of device that prevents a motor from being damaged by overloads and overcurrents. It’s found in motor control centers and motor starters, and it’s used with contactors .

What is Overload Protection?

Overload relay is one types of relays we will encounter one day.

Overload relay is mostly used as an overload protection. But what is overload protection?

An overload occurs when the motor consumes too much current. This may cause the motor to overheat, causing damage to the windings. As a result, it’s critical to protect the motor, motor branch circuit, and motor branch circuit components from overload.

Overload relays protect the motor, motor branch circuit, and motor branch circuit components from excessive heat caused by an overload. The motor starter includes overload relays (assembly of contactor plus overload relay).

They protect the motor by keeping an eye on the current going through the circuit.

If the current exceeds a preset limit for an extended length of time, the overload relay trips, activating an auxiliary contact that terminates the motor control circuit and de-energizes the contactor.

As a result, the motor’s power is turned off. The motor and motor circuit components do not overheat and become damaged when there is no power.

Overload relays can be manually reset, and some overload relays will reset themselves after a period of time. After that, the motor can be turned back on.

Overload Relay Definition

Overload relays are devices that protect electric motors from overloads and phase failure.

When the motor is overloaded, it detects this and terminates the power flow, preventing the motor from overheating and winding damage.

It can also protect the motor from phase loss/failures and phase imbalance, in addition to overloads. They’re usually referred to as OLR.

What is an overload, exactly?

An overload occurs when a motor draws a current that is greater than its rated value for an extended length of time.

It’s the most common problem, and it might cause the motor winding to overheat. As a result, a quick return to regular operation is critical.

Read also : basic direct current circuit

Overload Relay Parts

Aside from the bimetallic strip and contacts indicated in the working principle section, there are a few other components in an overload relay worth mentioning.

Observe the thermal overload relay below:

Input terminals L1, L2, and L3 are available. It can be mounted directly to the contactor. Terminals T1, T2, and T3 can be used to supply power to the motor.

Ampere range toggle

Over the overload relay, there is a rotary knob. The rated current of the motor can be set with this knob. The current can be adjusted between the supplied upper and lower limits. In the case of an electronic overload relay, there is also a knob for selecting the tripping class.

Reset button

The overload relay has a reset button that can be used to reset it after a trip and fault clearance.

Automatic-Manual reset mode

We can choose between manual and automatic reset of these relays after a journey using the manual/auto reset selection button. A remote reset of OLR is available if the device is set to auto.

Auxiliary contact

They come with two auxiliary contacts: one NO (97-98) and one NC (97-98). (95-96). The NO contact is used to signify a trip, whereas the NC contact is used to disconnect the contactor. NC contacts should be able to switch the contactor coil directly.

Testing button

The control wiring can be tested by pressing the test button.

Overload Relay Symbol

One thing you should know and understand is that every electrical component, element, and device have their symbol.

This symbol will make it easier to use when drawing, designing, and analyzing.

Observe the symbol of thermal overload relay below:

Terminals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are power terminals Terminals 95 and 96 are trip contacts Terminals 97 and 98 are signal contacts.

Overload Relay Connection Diagram

The overload relay connection diagram is given below, and the overload relay sign is represented by two opposite question marks.

Otherwise, the overload relay function is addressed using the ‘S’ symbol. Although there are many different types of overload relays on the market, the “bimetallic thermal overload relay” is the most commonly utilized.

This relay’s design incorporates two different types of metal strips, which can be interconnected and grow at various speeds when heated.

When this strip reaches a specific temperature, it can provide enough turns to break the circuit.

After a few seconds, the overload is identified when the flow to the motor exceeds the charge for the heater. The time of the relay exploration is used to classify overload relays into three sorts.

Overload relays for 10 seconds, 20 seconds, and 30 seconds can be found in the Class 10, Class 20, and Class 30 categories.

This relay’s key characteristic is that it prevents the engine from starting right away. The overload relay, for example, probes into the bimetallic relay, and the NC (normally closed) bimetallic connections release the circuit until the strip cools.

The motor will not start if any contactor tries to push the start switch to turn it off.

Principle of Overload Relay

The electro-thermal characteristics of a bimetallic strip are used to operate a thermal overload relay. It is wired into the motor circuit so that the current flows through the poles of the motor.

The current heats the bimetallic strip directly or indirectly, and it bends when the current flow surpasses the predetermined value.

They’re always used in tandem with contactors. When the bimetallic strips heat up, the trip contact opens, cutting off power to the contactor coil, de-energizing it and interrupting current flow to the motor.

The current flow through the OLR is always inversely proportional to the tripping time. As a result, the stronger the current flow, the faster it will trip.

A = Indirectly heated bimetal strips B = Trip slide C = Trip lever D = Contact lever E = Compensation bimetal strip

Thermal overload relays are thus described as current-dependent and inversely time-delayed relays.

Overload Relay Types

The following are the several types of overload relays:

• Bimetallic thermal overload relays
• Electronic overload relays
• Eutectic overload relays
• Solid state overload relays

Each of the above works on a somewhat different principle. Let’s have a look at it in the parts below.

Bimetallic Thermal Overload Relay: How it Works

A bimetallic thermal relay, as previously stated, relies on the heating properties of a bimetallic strip. The complete current to the motor flows through the OLR in the direct heating approach.

As a result, the current heats it up directly.

Indirect heating, on the other hand, keeps the bimetallic strip in close contact with the current-carrying wire inside the OLR. The conductor and, as a result, the bimetallic strip heats up when there is too much current flowing to the motor.

Because the conductor is insulated, no current can pass through the strip.

Electronic Overload Relay: How it Works

This is also known as solid state overload relays.

There is no bimetallic strip inside electronic overload relays. Instead, it detects the amount of current flowing to the motor using temperature sensors or current transformers. It protects you using microprocessor-based technologies.

PTC is used to sense temperature and to trip the circuit in the event of an overload fault. Current transformers and Hall effect sensors are included in some electronic overload relays, which directly sense the amount of current flowing.

The lack of a bimetallic strip in electronic OLR leads to low heat losses inside the relay, which is a major advantage over thermal OLR.

Electronic relays are also more accurate than thermal relays.

Electronic relays from some manufacturers come with a variety of characteristics, such as earth fault protection, motor stall protection, and so on.

Earth fault protection can also be achieved using CBCT on the secondary three phase windings.

Electronic overload relays are ideal for applications where motors must start and stop frequently.

They are built to sustain the motor starting current (which is normally 6 to 10 times the full load current) for a limited time (typically 15-30 seconds depending on the threshold of current).

Eutectic Overload Relay: How it Works

A heater winding, a mechanical mechanism for activating a tripping mechanism, and a eutectic alloy make up this sort of overload relay. An eutectic alloy is made up of two or more components that solidify or melt at a given temperature.

The eutectic alloy is housed in a tube in the overload relay, which is frequently used in conjunction with a spring-loaded ratchet wheel to trigger the tripping mechanism during overload operations.

The little heater winding conducts the motor current. The heater winding heats the eutectic alloy tube during the overload.

As a result of the heat, the alloy melts, releasing the ratchet wheel and allowing it to turn. The overload relay’s closed auxiliary contacts are opened as a result of this action.

After tripping, Eutectic overload relays can only be manually reset. This is commonly accomplished by pressing a reset button located on the relay’s cover.

The heating unit put on the relay is selected based on the motor’s full load current.

Overload Relay Trip Class

The trip class specifies how long it takes them to open the contactor during overloads.

Observe the table below from Schneider:

Class 10, Class 20, Class 30, and Class 5 are the most popular classifications. At 600 percent of full load current to the motor, the OLR trips in 10 seconds, 20 seconds, 30 seconds, and 5 seconds, respectively.

Class 10 and Class 20 are the most widely utilized. Motors generating high inertia loads are protected by Class 30 overload relays, while motors requiring very fast tripping are protected by Class 5 relays.

They are always utilized in conjunction with the circuit’s contactors. It is wired in series with the motor, allowing the electricity to flow freely through it.

The many methods of connectors for single-phase and three-phase motors are listed below.

Overload relays K1 and K1M are used. A single phase motor connection is shown in the first and second pictures, while a three phase motor connection is shown in the third.

Overload Relay Advantages

Overload protection relays come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Fuse, thermal relays, electromechanical relays, and electronic relays are examples.

Low-current devices, such as domestic appliances, are frequently protected by fuses.

High-current machinery, such as industrial motors, are protected by thermal, electromechanical, and electronic relays.

The following are the key advantages of relays:

1. PROTECTION THAT CAN BE RELIED ON When a high-current scenario arises owing to a ground fault, short circuit, phase failure, or mechanical jamming, overload relays turn off electricity to the motor. They’re a low-cost technique to reduce downtime while repairing or replacing motors that have failed due to excessive current.

2. MATCHING CONTRACTORS APPROPRIATELY Contractors carry the main circuit’s high operational currents. They contain built-in systems to prevent arcing caused by heavy motor current interruption. When contactors and thermal relays are appropriately matched, the result is a good motor starting circuits

3. STARTERS ARE SIMPLE TO USE. Manual motor starters are used to turn on and off motors. These electromechanical devices are simple to set up and reset once they have tripped.

4. MOUNTING KITS For several types of overload protection relays, application-specific mounting kits are provided.

To control their activation threshold, overload protection relays have adjustable current setting ranges. They can detect and defend against phase faults in addition to preventing electrical overload.

Because these relays are frequently used in hot situations, they have ambient temperature tolerances of up to 60 degrees Celsius.

Relays also include sealable automatic or manual resets to protect them from the hazardous conditions in which they work.

While not carrying an electrical current, relays have stop and test operations to ensure their operational integrity.

Overload Relay vs Circuit Breaker

What is the difference between an overload and a current that is too high?

A type of overcurrent is an overload. Overload is an overcurrent that is sustained within the boundaries of the equipment’s permitted current rating yet causes the equipment to overheat.

Overcurrent is usually instantaneous. A type of overcurrent is a short circuit.

What is an overload in a circuit, for example?

When you draw more electricity than a circuit can safely handle, you have an overload. Wiring, a breaker (or a fuse in older wiring systems), and gadgets make up a circuit (such as light fixtures, appliances, and anything plugged into an outlet).

Is overload protection provided by a circuit breaker in this case?

A circuit breaker is an electrical switch that operates automatically to safeguard an electrical circuit from harm caused by an overload or short circuit.

Its primary purpose is to stop current flow when a defect is identified.

What is an overload protection device, and how does it work?

When the current reaches a level that causes an excessive or dangerous temperature rise in conductors, an overcurrent protection device opens to protect the circuit.

Short-circuit or ground-fault current values, as well as overload circumstances, are detected by most overcurrent protection devices.

1. Why is the OLR tripped?

As previously stated, there are three key factors that lead to overload trips:

• The motor is overloaded.
• Loss of input phase
• Unbalanced phase.

Aside from this, various more security features may be available. This varies depending on the manufacturer.

2. How does overload relay protect from phase failures?

The current flowing through each pole of an overload relay to the motor remains constant during normal operation.

If one of the phases is disrupted, the current in the other two phases increases to 1.73 times its typical value.

As a result, the overload relay heats up and trips. Single phasing of the motor or phase loss are other terms for phase failure.

3. Is an overload relay able to protect from short circuits?

Short circuits are not protected by overload relays. Short circuit protection devices should always be utilized with them.

Otherwise, any short circuits in the motor could cause them to fail. Overloads, phase loss, and phase imbalance are all protected, but short circuits are not.

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• Introduction
• Motor Failure and Protection
• Protection of Motor Branch-Circuits
• Withstand Ratings
• Melting Alloy Overload Relays
• Automatic Reset
• Ambient-Temperature Compensated Bimetallic Overload Relays
• Thermal Overload Relay Trip Characteristics
• Phase Loss and Phase Unbalance
• Separate Mounting—Melting Alloy Overload Relays
• Replacement Melting Alloy Overload Relays for Class 8536 Starters
• Special Features for Melting Alloy Overload Relays
• NEMA Style Melting Alloy Overload Relays Dimensions
• Class 9998 Contact Units
• Class 9999 Isolated Alarm Contacts
• Class 9998 Jumper Strap Kits
• Other Features
• Class 9065 Motor Logic SSOLR Selection Tables
• NEMA Style Dimensional Diagrams
• Isolated Auxiliary Contacts
• DIN Adapter
• Lug-Lug and Lug-Extender Kits
• Remote Reset Module
• Adapted Bimetallic or SSOLR Mounting Bracket Adapter—NEMA Sizes 00–1
• TeSys™ D Solid-State Overload Relays for Type S Starters
• Communication Protocols
• Protection Functions
• Meter Functions
• Motor Control Functions
• Motor Control Modes
• Statistical and Diagnostic Functions
• Standards and Certifications
• Configuration
• LTMR Controllers
• Expansion Module
• HMI Modules
• Transformers, Senors, and Probes
• SoMove™ Software for Configuration
• Accessories for Connecting the Components
• Dimensional Diagrams (mm)
• External Reset Mechanisms — Class 9066
• Nameplate vs. NEC Full-Load Current
• Service Factor
• Motor Branch-Circuit Design
• Thermal Overload Relays
• Motor Logic Solid-State Overload Relays
• Application
• Procedure for Thermal Unit Selection
• Selecting Slow Trip Thermal Units
• Selecting Thermal Units
• Procedure for Calculating the Trip Current Rating
• Calculating the Trip Current for Ambient Temperatures Other than 40 °C
• Thermal Unit Selection on an Approximate Basis—Based on Horsepower and Voltage
• Mounting the Thermal Units

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Trip Class Designation

Regardless of the product style (NEMA or IEC), overload relays respond to overload conditions according to trip curves. These trip curves are defined by the class of protection required (see the table Trip Classes ).

The figure Typical Trip Curves shows the three types of trip curves.

IEC components are typically application rated: the controller is sized very close to its operational limit for a given application. IEC motors are also generally more application rated. For these reasons, Class 10 trip is most common on IEC applications.

Because NEMA products are applied with more built-in excess capacity, the Class 20 trip is most common.

Trip Classes

Typical trip curves.

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I’m most pleased with Travel All Russia in arranging our ‘Volga Dream’ Russia tour, I would recommend using your services again as every aspect of our tour went off without a hitch. The communication between our tour representative was excellent as we required additional days on both ends of our tour. The visa process and the logistics were flawlessly implemented.

We had a great time in Moscow!

Everything was perfect and we are very satisfied with services and accommodations.

Loved my time in Russia

The trip was great. Especially want to mention the guides I had on the extra days were exceptional. Both guides and drivers worked out well. Thanks again for all your help and attention. Loved my time in Russia, and still haven’t stopped talking about it.

Exploring Magnificent Russian Capitals, June 2017

Just want to say that our guide in St Petersburg was really outstanding. You really felt like someone was looking after you. Very observant - knowledgeable. We really enjoyed time spent with her.

Exploring Vibrant Moscow, June 2017

The experience was great!!! We had an excellent guide. The hotel was fabulous.

Thank you for your help !!! was an unforgettable trip.

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• Moscow Tours

Our 20 Best Moscow Tours of 2022

Join us on an unforgettable tour to Moscow, the capital of Russia. Imagine visiting Red Square, St. Basil’s the Kremlin and more. Moscow is one of Europe’s most vibrant cities and one of Russia’s most historical. All of our tours to Moscow are fully customizable and can be adjusted to fit any budget. Our most popular tours are listed below. Please click on the tour details to learn more or contact us for more information about our Moscow tours using the form at the side of the page. You can also schedule a call with one of our Russian travel specialists to learn more.

Classic Moscow

This is our most popular Moscow tour that includes all the most prominent sights. You will become acquainted with ancient Russia in the Kremlin, admire Russian art in the Tretyakov Gallery, listen to street musicians as you stroll along the Old Arbat street, and learn about Soviet times on the Moscow Metro tour.

Accommodation

PRIVATE TOUR

A Week in Moscow

This tour is a perfect choice for those who wish to get to know Moscow in depth. One of the highlights of this package is the KGB history tour which gives an interesting perspective on the Cold War. You will also have time for exploring the city on your own or doing extra sightseeing.

Weekend in Moscow

This tour is a great way to get acquainted with the capital of Russia if you are short of time. You will see all the main attractions of the city, the most important of which is the Kremlin - the heart of Russia. The tour starts on Friday and can be combined with a business trip.

Group Tour Moscow Break by Intourist

Russia's capital has so much to offer, from the Kremlin and the Metro to the Old Arbat street and the Tretyakov Gallery. Besides these sites, you will also visit a fascinating country estate which today is quite off the beaten path, Gorky Estate, where the Soviet leader Lenin spent the last months of his life.

Kolomenskoye Tour with transport

The history of Kolomenskoye stretches back for centuries. In 1380, Dmitri Donskoi’s army passed through Kolomenskoye on their way to the Kulikovo battlefield, and it was...

Tours by car

Kremlin, Red Sq., Cathedrals & Armory Tour

The Kremlin is truly a fascinating structure, at the same time it is an ancient tower, the city’s former military fortification, a palace, an armory, the sovereign treasury...

Walking tours

Kremlin, Red Sq., Cathedrals, Armory, Diamond Fund Tour

Old Arbat walking tour

You will be told of the street’s interesting history and view the street’s artisan culture. You will also have the opportunity to view and purchase souvenirs from the...

Tour to Sergiev Posad with transport

Considered by some to be the Russian Vatican, Sergiev Posad is the temporary residence of the Patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church. The Trinity St. Sergius Monastery (Lavra)...

Tour to Kuskovo with transport

The Kuskovo Estate often called the Moscow Versailles due to its perfectly preserved French park, is an example of an 18th century, luxurious Moscow summer residence. Its history...

Tour to Tsaritsyno with transport

The Tsaritsyno Estate is located in the southern part of Moscow. The estate was constructed for Catherine the Great by the Russian architects Bazhenov and Kazakov in a romantic...

Moscow Metro and Old Arbat Tour

The Moscow Metro is one of the largest and most grandly built metro systems in the world. It was meant to be a showcase of the Soviet Union’s achievements for both the Russians...

Vodka Museum Tour with transport (excursion and vodka tasting)

Vodka is an important component of Russian life, an element of national identity and everyday culture. We invite you to visit the Vodka Museum and feel the atmosphere of long-gone...

Mikhail Bulgakov Apartment Museum

This apartment museum located close to Patriarch Ponds became the prototype of the "bad apartment" described in the novel "The Master and Margarita." Currently the museum's...

Kremlin, Red Sq., Cathedrals & Diamond Fund Tour

The State Museum of Lev Tolstoy Tour

Take this opportunity to learn more about the Russian writer Lev Tolstoy. During the visit to the museum you will see part of a vast collection of exhibits connected to Tolstoy...

Novodevichy Convent Tour with transport

Tour of the Novodevichy Monastery. Founded in 1524 by Grand Prince VasiliIoanovich, the original convent was enclosed by fortified walls and contained 12 towers. The structure...

City Tour with Visit to St. Basils & Red Sq. with transport

Panoramic City Tour. This Moscow tour is a great start to your trip and the best way to get acquainted with many of the city’s major highlights. Our professional guide will...

City Tour of Moscow

Head to the heart of Moscow with a professional guide on a 4-hour private walk through the city center. See Tverskaya and Old Arbat streets, Theatre Square with the world-famous...

Moscow Metro walking tour

Kremlin, Red Square and Cathedrals Tour

KGB Tour with transport

This is a very interesting and insightful tour. You will visit places connected with Stalin’s terror - a time of great repression and fear. You will be shown monuments to...

Soviet and Post-Soviet Moscow Tour

The tour begins with a drive or walk down Tverskaya Street – a Soviet masterpiece. In the years of Soviet power, Tverskaya began to undergo a transformation: it was widened...

Tretyakov State Gallery Tour

This world-famous gallery contains masterpieces of Russian art beginning in the 10th century up until today. You will view exquisite Russian icons and paintings from the 18th and...

Jewish Heritage of Moscow Tour

This tour offers a detailed look into the history and present-day life of the Jewish community of Moscow. On the tour, you will visit sites connected with the cultural and religious...

Vodka Museum Tour with transport (excursion only)

Lena, our guide in Moscow was excellent. She was very knowledgable and could answer any question we had for her. We liked that she could pick up on our interests and take us places we might not have thought of to go. When we realized that one of the places we had chosen to see would probably not be that interesting to us, she was able to arrange entry to the Diamond Fund and the Armoury for us. Riding the Metro with Lena was a real adventure and a lot of fun. In Saint Petersburg we found Anna well versed in the history of the Tsars and in the Hermitage collection. Arkady in Veliky Novgorod was a very good guide and answered all of our questions with ease. Novgorod was perhaps a long way to go for a day trip, but we did enjoy it. Vasily was a great driver to have and kept us safe with good humour and skill. We enjoyed ourselves so much, my daughter says she is already planning to return. We would both have no hesistation to recommend ExpresstoRussia to anyone we know.

Just wanted to let you know that My grandson Bruno and I couldn´t have been more pleased with our week in Moscow (6/15 - 6/21). We were absolutely enchanted with the whole experience, including getting lost a couple of times in the Metro during our free time. Although both our guides (both Eleanas) were excellent, I would particularly commend the first one (she took us to the Tatiakov, the KGB tour, and to that beautiful cemetery where so many great Russian artists, authors, composers, musicians, militarists, and politicians are buried). Her knowledge is encyclopedic; and her understanding of today´s Russia as a product of its past was, for us, truly enlightening. I will be taking another tour in Russia, with my wife, within the next two or three years. I will be in touch with you when the time comes. Meanwhile, I will refer you to other potential visitors to Russia as I meet them.

Tours to Moscow

Our Moscow tours are land only meaning that you arrange your own air travel to Russia and our expert staff meets you at the airport and handles everything else from there. Our online Airline Ticket booking system offers some of the most competitive rates to Russia available on the web so if you need tickets, please visit our Russian air ticket center . Rest assured that you will be taken great care of on one of our Moscow tours. Express to Russia has a fully staffed office in Moscow that will help to make your visit fun, informative and unforgettable. Please remember that of all these tours are private and can be adjusted to your taste. You can add, replace or skip some sights; you can add more days to the package or cut the tour short. Our specialists will be glad to help you create the tour of your dreams!

Moscow, a City Like No Other

Moscow is Russia’s largest city with a population of between 12 and 13 million. It is also Europe’s largest city and when you visit Moscow, you can feel it. The layout and architecture of the city is eclectic, ranging from crooked, ancient streets and alleyways to wide, bustling boulevards, from medieval churches to Stalin skyscrapers and to modern, glass buildings towering over everything and of course in the center of it all is the Kremlin and the magnificent Red Square. Moscow is also home to a fantastic, efficient and very beautiful metro system – each station having its own special design. In fact, Express to Russia’s Moscow metro tours and excursions are some of our most popular attractions that we offer. On our Moscow tours, you will see this and more.

Moscow Tours centering on Russian History

Moscow has a long and interesting history and has been the capital of Russia in many of its different iterations – capital of the Grand Duchy of Moscow , the Russian Empire and of course the Soviet Union (who could ever forget the Soviet Union?). Moscow, was founded in the 12th century by Prince Yuri Dolgaruki (Yuri of the long arms – he really did have long arms!). From that time on, it was home to the Russian Tsars until Peter the Great moved the capital to St. Petersburg in 1703. The city has survived invasions and sieges from the Mongols, the Tartars, the Poles, Lithuanians and Napoleon but has always persevered. Our Moscow tours will enlighten you on this great history and give you insights into Muscovites and their unique culture. Our Moscow tours show you what the city is like today but also brings to life the past. Moscow never seems to sleep and is bursting with energy. A Moscow tour with Express to Russia is truly the best way of getting to know Russia’s largest and most vibrant city.

Frequently Asked Questions From Our Travelers

What is the best time to visit moscow.

Any time of year is fine depending on what you plan to do. Summertime is pleasantly warm, ideal for exploring the city and its vibrant atmosphere, but Moscow will be much busier and accommodation is more expensive. Winter can be quite cold but beautiful nonetheless, and this is unproblematic if you intend to spend most of your trip in museums and galleries. There are also various festivals and events organised throughout the year. For more information about the best time to visit, read our guide

How many days are enough in Moscow?

If you plan your itinerary strategically and aren’t averse to a packed schedule, you can cover Moscow’s main sights over a long weekend. Most popular attractions are in the city centre, and the Moscow Metro allows you to cover much ground in a small amount of time. Ensure that your accommodation is fairly central and book tickets in advance, so that you can make the most of your days. For an informative and well-organised day out, check out our Moscow day tours with options to suit all interests.

Do they speak English in Moscow?

As Russia’s capital city, tourists are well accommodated in Moscow. There should be English-speaking staff in restaurants, bars, hotels, shops and attractions in tourist hotspots, and there are also English-speaking tourist police. Transport services have English translations on their maps and English announcements via intercom; alternatively, order taxis from the Yandex Taxi app (Russian Uber), though it’s unlikely that your taxi driver will speak English. If you get stuck and cannot communicate, it’s fine to use Google Translate.

Is it safe to travel to Moscow?

It is no less safe to travel to Moscow than to any European city if you exercise common sense and look after your belongings. As with every city some regions can be more unsavoury than others, but no tourist attractions are located there. The traffic in Moscow is notorious, so exercise caution when crossing roads. Do not take unlicensed taxis; book in advance or take public transport, which is widespread and perfectly safe. If you encounter any problems, look for the special tourist police who can help you. For more information, read our guide about staying safe in Russia .

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Home » Europe » Moscow

EPIC MOSCOW Itinerary! (2024)

Moscow is the heart of Mother Russia. Just the mention of this city conjures images of colorful bulbous pointed domes, crisp temperatures, and a uniquely original spirit!

Moscow has an incredibly turbulent history, a seemingly resilient culture, and a unique enchantment that pulls countless tourists to the city each year! Although the warmer months make exploring Moscow’s attractions more favorable, there’s just something about a fresh snowfall that only enhances the appearance of the city’s iconic sites!

If you’re a first-time visitor to Moscow, or simply wanting to see as much of the city as possible, this Moscow itinerary will help you do just that!

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Best Time To Visit Moscow

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Here is a quick look at the seasons so you can decide when to visit Moscow!

The summer months (June-August) are a great time to travel to Moscow to take advantage of the enjoyable mild temperatures. This is considered peak travel season. Bear in mind that hotel prices rise along with the temperatures!

If you’re planning a trip to Moscow during fall (September-November) try to plan for early fall. This way the temperatures will still be pleasant and winter won’t be threatening.

Russian winters (December-February) are not for the faint of heart as Napoleon learned to his peril. Some days the sun will be out for less than an hour, and snow is guaranteed. Although winters are exceptionally cold, this is when you’ll get a true glimpse of the Moscow experience!

The best time to visit Moscow is during spring  (March-May). The temperatures will begin to creep up and the sun begins to shine for significant portions of the day. Hotel rates will also have yet to skyrocket into peak ranges!

With a Moscow City Pass , you can experience the best of Moscow at the CHEAPEST prices. Discounts, attractions, tickets, and even public transport are all standards in any good city pass – be sure invest now and save them $$$ when you arrive!

Moscow is a large city with many accommodation options to choose from. Staying in a location that fits with your travel plans will only enhance your Moscow itinerary. Here is a brief introduction to a few great areas of the city we recommend checking out!

The best place to stay in Moscow to be close to all the action is Kitay-Gorod. This charming neighborhood will put you within walking distance to Moscow’s famous Red Square, thus cutting down on travel time. This will allow you to see more of the city in a shorter amount of time!

It’s surrounded by restaurants, cafes, bars, and shops. If you’re a first-time visitor to Moscow, or just planning a quick weekend in Moscow, then this area is perfect for you!

Another great area to consider is the Zamoskvorechye district. This area of the city offers a blend of new and old Moscow. It has an artsy vibe and there are plenty of fun sites you can explore outside of the main touristy areas of Moscow.

Of course, as in all areas of Moscow, it’s close to public transportation that will quickly connect you with the rest of the city and make your Moscow itinerary super accessible!

Best Airbnb in Moscow – Exclusive Apartment in Old Moscow

Modern and cozy, this apartment is in the heart of Old Moscow. Bordering the Basmanny and Kitay-Gorod districts, this two-bedroom flat is walking distance to the Kremlin and Red Square. Safe, quiet, and comfortable, this is the best Airbnb in Moscow, no question!

Best Budget Hotel in Moscow – Izmailovo Alfa Hotel

The Izmailovo Alfa Hotel is a very highly rated accommodation that provides all the components necessary for a comfortable trip to Moscow. There is an on-site restaurant, bar, fitness center, and an airport shuttle service. The rooms are modern and spacious and are equipped with a TV, heating/air conditioning, minibar, and more!

Best Luxury Hotel in Moscow – Crowne Plaza Moscow World Trade Centre

If you’re touring Moscow in luxury, the Crowne Plaza Moscow World Trade Centre is the hotel for you! Elegantly furnished rooms are equipped with a minibar, flat-screen TV,  in-room safes, as well as tea and coffee making facilities! Bathrooms come with bathrobes, slippers, and free toiletries. There is also an onsite restaurant, bar, and fitness center.

Best Hostel in Moscow – Godzillas Hostel

Godzillas Hostel is located in the center of Moscow, just a short walk from all the major tourist attractions and the metro station. Guests will enjoy all the usual hostel perks such as self-catering facilities, 24-hour reception, Free Wi-Fi, and security lockers. This is one of the best hostels in Moscow and its wonderful social atmosphere and will make your vacation in Moscow extra special!

Godzillas Hostel is one of our favourites in Moscow but they’re not taking guests right now. We’re not sure if they’re closed for good but we hope they’ll come back soon.

An important aspect of planning any trip is figuring out the transportation situation. You’re probably wondering how you’re going to get to all of your Moscow points of interest right? Luckily, this sprawling city has an excellent network of public transportation that will make traveling a breeze!

The underground metro system is the quickest and most efficient way to travel around Moscow. Most visitors rely exclusively on this super-efficient transportation system, which allows you to get to pretty much anywhere in the city! It’s also a great option if you’re planning a Moscow itinerary during the colder months, as you’ll be sheltered from the snow and freezing temperatures!

If you prefer above-ground transportation, buses, trams, and trolleybuses, run throughout the city and provide a rather comfortable alternative to the metro.

Moscow’s metro, buses, trams, and trolleybuses are all accessible with a ‘Troika’ card. This card can be topped up with any sum of money at a metro cash desk. The ticket is simple, convenient, and even refundable upon return to a cashier!

No matter which method you choose, you’ll never find yourself without an easy means of getting from point A to point B!

Red Square | Moscow Kremlin | Lenin’s Mausoleum | St. Basil’s Cathedral  | GUM Department Store

Spend the first day of your itinerary taking your own self guided Moscow walking tour around the historic Red Square! This is Moscow’s compact city center and every stop on this list is within easy walking distance to the next! Get ready to see all of the top Moscow landmarks!

Day 1 / Stop 1 – The Red Square

• Why it’s awesome: The Red Square is the most recognizable area in Moscow, it has mesmerizing architecture and centuries worth of history attached to its name.
• Cost: Free to walk around, individual attractions in the square have separate fees. 
• Food nearby: Check out Bar BQ Cafe for friendly service and good food in a great location! The atmosphere is upbeat and they’re open 24/7!

The Red Square is Moscow’s historic fortress and the center of the Russian government. The origins of the square date back to the late 15th century, when Ivan the Great decided to expand the Kremlin to reflect Moscow’s growing power and prestige!

During the 20th century, the square became famous as the site for demonstrations designed to showcase Soviet strength. Visiting the Red Square today, you’ll find it teeming with tourists, who come to witness its magical architecture up close!

The square is the picture postcard of Russian tourism, so make sure to bring your camera when you visit! No matter the season, or the time of day, it’s delightfully photogenic! 

It’s also home to some of Russia’s most distinguishing and important landmarks, which we’ve made sure to include further down in this itinerary. It’s an important center of Russia’s cultural life and one of the top places to visit in Moscow!

In 1990, UNESCO designated Russia’s Red Square as a World Heritage site. Visiting this historic site is a true bucket-list event and essential addition to your itinerary for Moscow!

Day 1 / Stop 2 – The Moscow Kremlin

• Why it’s awesome: The Moscow Kremlin complex includes several palaces and cathedrals and is surrounded by the Kremlin wall. It also houses the principal museum of Russia (the Kremlin Armory).
• Cost: USD $15.00
• Food nearby: Bosco Cafe is a charming place to grat a casual bite to eat. They have excellent coffee and wonderful views of the Red Square and the Moscow Kremlin!

The iconic Moscow Kremlin , also known as the Kremlin museum complex, sits on Borovitsky Hill, rising above the Moscow River. It is a fortified complex in the center of the city, overlooking several iconic buildings in the Red Square!

It’s the best known of the Russian Kremlins – citadels or fortress’ protecting and dominating a city. During the early decades of the Soviet era, the Kremlin was a private enclave where the state’s governing elite lived and worked.

The Kremlin is outlined by an irregularly shaped triangular wall that encloses an area of 68 acres! The existing walls and towers were built from 1485 to 1495. Inside the Kremlin museum complex, there are five palaces, four cathedrals, and the enclosing Kremlin Wall with Kremlin towers.

The Armoury Chamber is a part of the Grand Kremlin Palace’s complex and is one of the oldest museums of Moscow, established in 1851. It showcases Russian history and displays many cherished relics. Definitely make sure to check out this museum while you’re here!

The churches inside the Moscow Kremlin are the Cathedral of the Dormition, Church of the Archangel, Church of the Annunciation, and the bell tower of Ivan Veliki (a church tower).

The five-domed Cathedral of the Dormition is considered the most famous. It was built from 1475–1479 by an Italian architect and has served as a wedding and coronation place for great princes, tsars, and emperors of Russia. Church services are given in the Kremlin’s numerous cathedrals on a regular basis.

The Grand Kremlin Palace was the former Tsar’s Moscow residence and today it serves as the official workplace of the President of the Russian Federation (Vladimir Putin seems to have bagged that title for life) .

Insider Tip: The Kremlin is closed every Thursday! Make sure to plan this stop on your Moscow itinerary for any other day of the week!

Day 1 / Stop 3 – Lenin’s Mausoleum

• Why it’s awesome: The mausoleum displays the preserved body of Soviet leader Vladimir Lenin .
• Cost: Free!
• Food nearby: Khinkal’naya is a charming Georgian restaurant with vaulted ceilings and exposed brick. It’s a popular place with locals and right next to the Red Square!

Lenin’s Mausoleum, also known as Lenin’s Tomb, is the modernist mausoleum for the revolutionary leader Vladimir Lenin. It’s located within the Red Square and serves as the resting place for the Soviet leader! His preserved body has been on public display since shortly after his death in 1924.

It’s located just a few steps away from the Kremlin Wall and is one of the most controversial yet popular Moscow attractions!

Admission is free for everyone, you’ll only need to pay if you need to check a bag. Before visitors are allowed to enter the mausoleum, they have to go through a metal detector first. No metal objects, liquids, or large bags are allowed in the mausoleum!

Expect a line to enter the building, and while you’re inside the building, you’ll be constantly moving in line with other visitors. This means you won’t be able to spend as long as you’d like viewing the mausoleum, but you’ll still be able to get a good look. Pictures and filming while inside the building are strictly prohibited, and security guards will stop you if they see you breaking this rule.

The mausoleum is only open on Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Saturday – unless it’s a public holiday or a day scheduled for maintenance. The hours it’s open for each day are limited, make sure to check online before you visit to make sure you can fit this into your Moscow itinerary for that day!

Insider Tip: The Lenin’s Museum is there for people to pay their respect; remember to keep silent and move along quickly, it’s not intended for people to congregate around. Also, men are not allowed to wear hats and everyone must take their hands out of their pockets when inside the building.

Day 1 / Stop 4 – St. Basil’s Cathedral

• Why it’s awesome: A dazzling designed cathedral that showcases Russia’s unique architecture. This cathedral is one of the most recognizable symbols of the country!
• Cost: USD $8.00
• Food nearby: Moskovskiy Chaynyy Klub is a cozy cafe serving food items and pipping hot tea; it’s the perfect place to go if you’re visiting Moscow during the winter months!

Located in the Red Square, the ornate 16th-century St. Basil’s Cathedral is probably the building you picture when you think of Moscow’s unique architecture. Its colorful onion-shaped domes tower over the Moscow skyline!

The cathedral was built from 1555-1561 by order of Tsar Ivan the Terrible. It was designed with an iconic onion dome facade and enchanting colors that captivate all who see it. Fun fact: If you’re wondering why Russian churches have onion domes, they are popularly believed to symbolize burning candles!

This iconic cathedral has become a symbol of Russia due to its distinguishing architecture and prominent position inside the Red Square. It’s one of the most beautiful, wonderful, and mesmerizing historical cathedrals in the world!

The interior of the church surprises most people when they visit. In contrast to the large exterior, the inside is not so much one large area, but rather a collection of smaller areas, with many corridors and small rooms. There are 9 small chapels and one mausoleum grouped around a central tower.

Visiting the inside is like walking through a maze, there are even small signs all around the cathedral tracing where to walk, and pointing you in the right direction! The walls are meticulously decorated and painted with intricate floral designs and religious themes.

The church rarely holds service and is instead a museum open for the public to visit.

Insider Tip: During the summer months the line to go inside the cathedral can get quite long! Make sure to arrive early or reserve your tickets online to guarantee quick access into the cathedral!

Day 1 / Stop 5 – GUM Department Store

• Why it’s awesome: This is Russia’s most famous shopping mall! It’s designed with elegant and opulent architecture and provides a real sense of nostalgia!
• Cost: Free to enter
• Food nearby: Stolovaya 57 is a cafeteria-style restaurant with a variety of inexpensive Russian cuisine menu items including soups, salads, meat dishes, and desserts. It’s also located inside the GUM department store, making it very easily accessible when you’re shopping!

The enormous GUM Department Store is located within the historic Red Square. It has a whimsical enchantment to it that sets it apart from your typical department store.

A massive domed glass ceiling lines the top of the building and fills the interior with natural sunlight. There are live plants and flowers placed throughout the mall that give the shopping complex a lively and cheerful feel! A playful fountain sits in the center, further adding to the malls inviting a sense of wonder and amusement!

The GUM department store opened on December 2, 1893. Today, it includes local and luxury stores, including Fendi, Louis Vuitton, Prada, and many more! There are numerous cafes, restaurants, and even a movie theater inside!

For a special treat, head into Gastronom 1. This 1950s-style shop sells gourmet food items, like wine, freshly-baked pastries, cheese, Russian chocolate, and of course, vodka! Also, be on the lookout for a bicycle pedaling ice cream truck with an employing selling ice cream!

The ambiance is simply amazing, a trip to this idyllic shopping mall is an absolute must on any Moscow itinerary!

Insider Tip: Make sure to carry some small change on you in case you need to use the restroom, you’ll need to pay 50 rubles – or about USD $0.80 to use the bathroom in GUM.

Wanna know how to pack like a pro? Well for a start you need the right gear….

These are packing cubes for the globetrotters and compression sacks for the  real adventurers – these babies are a traveller’s best kept secret. They organise yo’ packing and minimise volume too so you can pack MORE.

Or, y’know… you can stick to just chucking it all in your backpack…

Novodevichy Convent | Gorky Park | State Tretyakov Gallery | All-Russian Exhibition Center | Bolshoi Theater

On your 2 day itinerary in Moscow, you’ll have a chance to use the city’s excellent public transportation service! You’ll explore a few more of Moscow’s historic highlight as well as some modern attractions. These sites are a little more spread out, but still very easily accessible thanks to the metro!

Day 2 / Stop 1 – Novodevichy Convent

• Why it’s awesome: The Novodevichy Convent is rich in imperial Russian history and contains some of Russia’s best examples of classical architecture!
• Cost: USD $5.00
• Food nearby: Culinary Shop Karavaevs Brothers is a cozy and simple place to have a quick bite, they also have vegetarian options!

The Novodevichy Convent is the best-known and most popular cloister of Moscow. The convent complex is contained within high walls, and there are many attractions this site is known for! 

The six-pillared five-domed Smolensk Cathedral is the main attraction. It was built to resemble the Kremlin’s Assumption Cathedral and its facade boasts beautiful snowy white walls and a pristine golden onion dome as its centerpiece. It’s the oldest structure in the convent, built from 1524 -1525, and is situated in the center of the complex between the two entrance gates.

There are other churches inside the convent as well, all dating back from many centuries past. The convent is filled with an abundance of 16th and 17th-century religious artworks, including numerous large and extravagant frescos!

Just outside the convent’s grounds lies the Novodevichy Cemetery. Here, you can visit the graves of famous Russians, including esteemed authors, composers, and politicians. Probably the most intriguing gravestone belongs to Russian politician Nikita Khruschev!

The Novodevichy Convent is located near the Moscow River and offers a peaceful retreat from the busy city. In 2004, it was proclaimed a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The convent remains remarkably well-preserved and is an outstanding example of Moscow Baroque architecture! 

Insider Tip: To enter the cathedrals inside the complex, women are advised to cover their heads and shoulders, while men should wear long pants.

Day 2 / Stop 2 – Gorky Central Park of Culture and Leisure

• Why it’s awesome: A large amusement area in the heart of the city offering many attractions!
• Cost: Free! 
• Food nearby: Check out Mepkato, located inside Gorky Central Park for a casual meal in a cozy setting. There are indoor and outdoor seating options and the restaurant is child-friendly!

Gorky Central Park of Culture and Leisure is a large green space in the heart of Moscow. The park opened in 1928, and it stretches along the scenic embankment of the Moskva River. It covers an area of 300-acres and offers a lovely contrast from the compact city center.

You’ll find all sorts of wonderful attractions, from boat rides to bike rentals to tennis courts and ping-pong tables, and much more! there are an open-air cinema and festive events and concerts scheduled in the summer months.  A wide selection of free fitness classes is also offered on a regular basis, including jogging, roller skating, and dancing!

Although many of the options you’ll find here are more suited for outdoor leisure during the summer, you’ll also a selection of winter attractions, including one of Europe’s largest ice rinks for ice-skating!

If you’re trying to decide what to do in Moscow with kids, the park also offers several venues designed specifically for kids. Check out the year-round Green School which offers hands-on classes in gardening and art! You can also feed the squirrels and birds at the Golitsinsky Ponds!

The park is very well maintained and kept clean and the entrance is free of charge, although most individual attractions cost money. There is also Wi-Fi available throughout the park.

With so many attractions, you could easily spend all day here! If you’re only planning a 2 day itinerary in Moscow, make sure to plan your time accordingly and map out all the areas you want to see beforehand!

Day 2 / Stop 3 – The State Tretyakov Gallery

• Why it’s awesome: The gallery’s collection consists entirely of Russian art made by Russian artists!
• Food nearby : Brothers Tretyakovs is located right across the street from the gallery. It’s a wonderfully atmospheric restaurant serving top quality food and drinks!

The State Tretyakov Gallery was founded in 1856 by influential merchant and collector Pavel Tretyakov.  The gallery is a national treasury of Russian fine art and one of the most important museums in Russia!

It houses the world’s best collection of Russian art and contains more than 130, 000 paintings, sculptures, and graphics! These works have been created throughout the centuries by generations of Russia’s most talented artists!

The exhibits range from mysterious 12th-century images to politically charged canvases. The collection is rich and revealing and offers great insight into the history and attitudes of this long-suffering yet inspired people!

All pictures are also labeled in English. If you plan to take your time and see everything inside the museum it will take a good 3-4 hours, so make sure to plan your Moscow trip itinerary accordingly! This gallery is a must-see stop for art lovers, or anyone wanting to explore the local culture and history of Russia in a creative and insightful manner! 

Insider Tip: When planning your 2 days in Moscow itinerary, keep in mind that most museums in Moscow are closed on Mondays, this includes The State Tretyakov Gallery!

Day 2 / Stop 4 – All-Russian Exhibition Center

• Why it’s awesome: This large exhibition center showcases the achievements of the Soviet Union in several different spheres. 
• Food nearby: Varenichnaya No. 1 serves authentic and homestyle Russian cuisine in an intimate and casual setting.

The All-Russian Exhibition Center is a massive park that presents the glory of the Soviet era! It pays homage to the achievements of Soviet Russia with its many different sites found on the property.

The center was officially opened in 1939 to exhibit the achievements of the Soviet Union. It’s a huge complex of buildings and the largest exhibition center in Moscow. There are several exhibition halls dedicated to different achievements and every year there are more than one hundred and fifty specialized exhibitions!

The Peoples Friendship Fountain was constructed in 1954 and is a highlight of the park. The stunning gold fountain features 16 gilded statues of girls, each representing the former Soviet Union republics. 

The Stone Flower Fountain was also built in 1954 and is worth checking out. The centerpiece of this large fountain is a flower carved from stones from the Ural Mountains! Along the side of the fountain are various bronze sculptures.

You will find many people zipping around on rollerblades and bicycles across the large area that the venue covers. It’s also home to amusement rides and carousels, making it the perfect place to stop with kids on your Moscow itinerary! Make sure to wear comfortable shoes and allow a few hours to explore all the areas that interest you!

Day 2 / Stop 5 – Bolshoi Theater

• Why it’s awesome: The Bolshoi Theater is a historic venue that hosts world-class ballet and opera performances!
• Cost: Prices vary largely between USD $2.00 –  USD $228.00 based on seat location.
• Food nearby: Head to the Russian restaurant, Bolshoi for high-quality food and drinks and excellent service!

The Bolshoi Theater is among the oldest and most renowned ballet and opera companies in the world! It also boasts the world’s biggest ballet company, with more than 200 dancers!

The theater has been rebuilt and renovated several times during its long history. In 2011 it finished its most recent renovation after an extensive six-year restoration that started in 2005. The renovation included an improvement in acoustics and the restoration of the original Imperial decor.

The Bolshoi Theater has put on many of the world’s most famous ballet acts! Tchaikovsky’s ballet Swan Lake premiered at the theater in 1877 and other notable performances of the Bolshoi repertoire include Tchaikovsky’s The Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker!

Today, when you visit the theater, you can expect a magical performance from skilled singers, dancers, and musicians with the highest level of technique!

If you don’t have time to see a show, the theater also provides guided tours on select days of the week. Tours are given in both Russian and English and will provide visitors with a more intimate look at the different areas of the theater!

The stage of this iconic Russian theater has seen many outstanding performances. If you’re a fan of the performing arts, the Bolshoi Theater is one of the greatest and oldest ballet and opera companies in the world, making it a must-see attraction on your Moscow itinerary!

Godzillas Hostel

Godzillas Hostel is located in the center of Moscow, just a short walk from all the major tourist attractions and the metro station.

• Towels Included

Cosmonautics Museum | Alexander Garden | Ostankino Tower | Izmaylovo District | Soviet Arcade Museum

Now that we’ve covered what to do in Moscow in 2 days, if you’re able to spend more time in the city you’re going to need more attractions to fill your time. Here are a few more really cool things to do in Moscow we recommend!

Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics

• Hear the timeline of the ‘space race’ from the Russian perspective
• This museum is fun for both adults and children!
• Admission is USD $4.00

The Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics is a museum dedicated to space exploration! The museum explores the history of flight, astronomy, space exploration, space technology, and space in the arts. It houses a large assortment of Soviet and Russian space-related exhibits, and the museum’s collection holds approximately 85,000 different items!

The museum does an excellent job of telling the full story of the exciting space race between the USSR and the US! It highlights the brightest moments in Russian history and humanity and is very interesting and fun for all ages!

If you’re a fan of space or just curious about gaining insight into Russia’s fascinating history of space exploration, make sure to add this to your 3 day itinerary in Moscow!

The Alexander Garden

• A tranquil place to relax near the Red Square
• Green lawns dotted with sculptures and lovely water features
• The park is open every day and has no entrance fee

The Alexander Garden was one of the first urban public parks in Moscow! The garden premiered in 1821 and was built to celebrate Russia’s victory over Napoleon’s forces in 1812!

The park is beautiful and well maintained with paths to walk on and benches to rest on. The park contains three separate gardens: the upper garden, middle garden, and lower garden.

Located in the upper garden, towards the main entrance to the park is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with its eternal flame. This monument was created in 1967 and contains the body of a soldier who fell during the Great Patriotic War!

The park stretches along all the length of the western Kremlin wall for about half a mile. Due to its central location in the city, it’ll be easily accessible when you’re out exploring The Red Square.

It provides a bit of relief from the city’s high-energy city streets. Bring a picnic lunch, go for a walk, or just sit and people watch, this is one of the best Moscow sites to wind-down and relax!

Ostankino Television Tower

• Television and radio tower in Moscow
• Currently the tallest free-standing structure in Europe
• Make sure you bring your passport when you visit, you can’t go up without it!

For spectacular views of the city, make sure to add the Ostankino Television Tower to your itinerary for Moscow! This impressive free-standing structure provides stunning views of the city in every direction. The glass floor at the top also provides great alternative views of the city!

It takes just 58 seconds for visitors to reach the Tower’s observation deck by super fast elevator. The tower is open every day for long hours and is a great site in Moscow to check out! There is even a restaurant at the top where you can enjoy rotating views of the city while you dine on traditional Russian cuisine or European cuisine!

The tower is somewhat of an architectural surprise in a city that is not known for skyscrapers! To see the city from a new perspective, make sure to add this stop to your Moscow itinerary!

Izmaylovo District

• The most popular attractions in this district are the kremlin and the flea market
• Outside of the city center and easy to reach via metro
• Most popular during the summer and on weekends

Travel outside the city center and discover a unique area of the city! The Izmaylovo District is a popular destination for locals and tourists alike, and one of the coolest places to see in Moscow! The two main attractions we recommend checking out are the Kremlin and the flea market.

The Izmailovo Kremlin was established as a cultural center and molded after traditional Russian architecture. This colorful complex is home to several single-subject museums, including a Russian folk art museum and a vodka museum!

Next to the Kremlin is the Izmailovo open-air market, which dates back to the 17th century! The market is connected to the Izmailovo Kremlin by a wooden bridge. Pick up all your Russian souvenirs here, including traditional handicrafts, paintings, books, retro toys, and Soviet memorabilia!

You will find many hand-made and hand-painted options available at higher prices, as well as mass-produced souvenir options at lower prices!

Museum of Soviet Arcade Games

• Closed on Mondays
• Filled with old arcade games that visitors get to try out!
• The museum also includes a small cafe and burger shop

For something a little different, check out the Museum of Soviet Arcade Games! The museum features roughly 60 machines from the Soviet era, including video games, pinball machines, and collaborative hockey foosball! The machines inside the museum were produced in the USSR in the mid-1970s.

The best part is, most of the games are still playable! Purchase tickets and try the games out for yourself! The museum also has a neat little screening room that plays old Soviet cartoons and an area with Soviet magazines! This unique attraction is a fun addition to a 3 day itinerary in Moscow, and an attraction that all ages will enjoy! 

Whether you’re spending one day in Moscow, or more, safety is an important thing to keep in mind when traveling to a big city! Overall, Moscow is a very safe place to visit. However, it is always recommended that tourists take certain precautions when traveling to a new destination!

The police in Moscow is extremely effective at making the city a safe place to visit and do their best to patrol all of the top Moscow, Russia tourist attractions. However, tourists can still be a target for pickpockets and scammers.

Moscow has a huge flow of tourists, therefore there is a risk for pickpocketing. Simple precautions will help eliminate your chances of being robbed. Stay vigilant, keep your items close to you at all times, and don’t flash your valuables!

If you’re planning a solo Moscow itinerary, you should have no need to worry, as the city is also considered safe for solo travelers, even women. Stay in the populated areas, try and not travel alone late at night, and never accept rides from strangers or taxis without a meter and correct signage.

The threat of natural disasters in Moscow is low, with the exception of severe winters when the temperature can dip below freezing! Bring a good, warm jacket if you visit in Winter.

However, please note that Russian views on homsexuality are far less accepting than those in Western Europe. Likewise, Non-Caucasian travellers may sadly encounter racism in Russia .

Don’t Forget Your Travel Insurance for Moscow

ALWAYS sort out your backpacker insurance before your trip. There’s plenty to choose from in that department, but a good place to start is Safety Wing .

They offer month-to-month payments, no lock-in contracts, and require absolutely no itineraries: that’s the exact kind of insurance long-term travellers and digital nomads need.

SafetyWing is cheap, easy, and admin-free: just sign up lickety-split so you can get back to it!

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Now that we’ve covered all the top things to see in Moscow, we thought we’d include some exciting day trips to other areas of the country!

Sergiev Posad (Golden Ring)

On this 7-hour guided tour, you’ll visit several scenic and historic areas of Russia. Start your day with hotel pick-up as you’re transferred by a comfortable car or minivan to Sergiev Posad. Admire the charming Russian countryside on your drive and enjoy a quick stop to visit the Russian village, Rudonezh!

You’ll see the majestic Saint Spring and the Church of Sergiev Radonezh. You’ll also visit the UNESCO World Heritage Site, Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius, one of the most famous Orthodox sites in Russia!

Lastly, you’ll swing by the local Matreshka market and enjoy a break in a nice Russian restaurant before returning to Moscow!

Day Trip to Vladimir and Suzdal

On this 13-hour trip, you’ll discover old Russia, with its picturesque landscapes and white-stoned beautiful churches! You’ll visit the main towns of the famous Golden Ring of Russia – the name for several cities and smaller towns north-east of Moscow.

Your first stop will be in the town of Vladimir, the ancient capital of all Russian principalities. The city dates back to the 11th century and is one of the oldest and the most important towns along the Ring! Next, you’ll visit Suzdal, a calm ancient Russian town north of Vladimir with only 13,000 inhabitants!

The old-style architecture and buildings of Suzdal are kept wonderfully intact. If you’re spending three days in Moscow, or more, this is a great option for exploring the charming areas outside the city!

Zvenigorod Day Trip and Russian Countryside

On this 9-hour private tour, you’ll explore the ancient town of Zvenigorod, one of the oldest towns in the Moscow region! As you leave Moscow you’ll enjoy the stunning scenery along the Moscow River, and make a few stops at old churches along the way to Zvenigorod.

Upon arrival, you’ll explore the medieval center, including the 14th-century Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery. Next, you’ll take a break for lunch (own expense) where you’ll have the chance to try out the Russian cuisine! Next, you’ll visit the Museum of Russian Dessert and sip on tea at a Russian tea ceremony.

The final stop of the day is at the Ershovo Estate, a gorgeous place to walk around and enjoy nature!

Day Trip to St Petersburg by Train visiting Hermitage & Faberge

On this full-day tour, you’ll enjoy a a full round trip to St Petersburg where you’ll spend an exciting day exploring another popular Russian city! You’ll be picked up from your hotel in Moscow and be transferred to the train station where you’ll ride the high-speed train ‘Sapsan’ to St Petersburg.

Upon arrival, you’ll start the day by touring the Hermitage Museum and the Winter Palace. Next, you’ll visit the Faberge Museum, where you’ll explore the impressive collection of rare Faberge Eggs! In the afternoon, enjoy a sightseeing boat ride and a traditional 3-course Russian lunch.

If you’re spending 3 days in Moscow, or more, this is an excellent trip to take!

Trip to Kolomna – Authentic Cultural Experience from Moscow

On this 10-hour tour, you’ll escape the city and travel to the historic town of Kolomna! First, you’ll visit the 14th-century Kolomna Kremlin, home to the Assumption Cathedral and an abundance of museums!

Next, enjoy lunch at a local cafe (own expense) before embarking on a tour of the Marshmallow Museum – of course, a marshmallow tasting is provided!  Your final stop is the Museum of Forging Settlements, where displays include armor and accessories for fishing and hunting.

Discover this beautiful Russian fairytale city on a private trip, where all of the planning is taken care of for you!

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Find out what people want to know when planning their Moscow itinerary.

How many days you need in Moscow?

We recommend that you spend at least two or three days in Moscow to take it all in.

What’s the best month to visit Moscow?

The best time to visit Moscow is over the spring, from March to May as temperatures are mild, crowds are thin and prices are reasonable.

What are some unusual things to do in Moscow?

I mean, queuing up to see an almost 100 year old corpse is pretty unsual! Check out Lenin’s Mausoleum if you fancy it!

What are some fun things to do in Moscow?

The Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics is a fun place to explore the famous space race from the perspective of the ‘other side’!

We hope you enjoyed our Moscow itinerary! We’ve made sure to cover all the Moscow must-sees as well as some unique attractions in the city! Our addition of insider tips, favorite food stops, and day trips from Moscow is an added bonus and will guarantee you make the most out of your exciting Russian vacation!

Immerse yourself in the modern and traditional Russian lifestyle! Get lost in museums, witness awe-inspiring architecture, and indulge in Russian cuisine! Spend the day strolling through all of the charming sites of Moscow, admiring the beautiful scenery and discovering the city’s fairytale-like enchantment!

And for transparency’s sake, please know that some of the links in our content are affiliate links . That means that if you book your accommodation, buy your gear, or sort your insurance through our link, we earn a small commission (at no extra cost to you). That said, we only link to the gear we trust and never recommend services we don’t believe are up to scratch. Again, thank you!

Alya and Campbell

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FinanceBuzz

10 Most Common Mistakes First-Time RV Owners Make (and How to Avoid Them)

Posted: April 18, 2023 | Last updated: June 20, 2023

You’ve probably thought about going on the open highway in an RV or you’ve seen Instagram photos that make you excited at the prospect. You wouldn’t be alone. In fact, more than 11 million households in the United States own an RV.

But there are plenty of ways RV life is nothing like Instagram, so don’t be fooled. There are also plenty of costly mistakes first-time RV owners make that could end up costing their entire paycheck  if they’re not aware.

Before you hit the open road, check out some factors that may cause a bumpy ride on your first RV trip.

Compare the best travel credit cards for nearly free travel

Not reserving your spot

Campgrounds can be a great place to park for the night. They might have amenities like electric and water hook-ups, bathrooms with hot showers, level parking spots, or laundry facilities. But that’s what also makes them popular — especially on summer holidays or school breaks. You can’t pull up to just any campsite for the Fourth of July and expect a spot to be open.

Instead, make sure your pre-trip planning process for an RV trip includes reserving a campsite or other place with RV amenities to park for the night.

Pro tip : As you look into reservations for where to go next, check out some of the ways to save money at RV parks to help you stay within your travel budget.

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Not watching your speed

Driving an RV is not like driving a car. You may think you can just drive an RV at the same speed as your sedan or SUV, but that’s not the case. A comfortable and safe speed for driving your RV may be slower than you’re used to.

As a result, you’ll need to plan some extra time into your estimated travel schedule. 

Going too far

While you might be enticed to hit a bunch of destinations on your first trip, you don’t want to overreach. You don’t want to be rolling into a campsite late at night after miles of driving only to have to figure out how to set up your new RV by yourself and in the dark. And you don’t want to get only a little sleep before doing it all over again the next day.

Pad your estimated travel time to account for what you plan to do when you set up at your destination and how long that set up will take.

7 savvy moves when you have $1,000 in the bank

Skipping driving classes

If you’ve never driven an RV before, look into classes with instructors who can give you hands-on learning, maybe even using your own newly purchased RV. Learn how to drive the RV, park it, and perhaps get out of tight spots.

And for those drivers who have experience behind the RV wheel, you can look into refresher safety courses or other classes to get the most out of your RV safely.

RV School and Escapees are two companies that offer RV driving classes. Escapees also offers courses on how to maintain your RV.

Not researching licensing laws

You may be in for a surprise when you find out what kind of licensing is required to drive an RV. While it is rare, there are a few states that make owners get additional licensing credentials if they are going to be driving a particularly large RV.

Check with your state and see what the licensing requirements are and what you need to do to achieve those additional credentials.

Forgetting size matters

You don’t want to regret your RV purchase by getting the wrong size for your needs. A big RV may have all the amenities you want, but it also may have too many other things or be really stressful to drive. Or perhaps you think a smaller RV is the perfect size to travel in style, only to realize that it’s not a good fit for your kids and pets.

See how much you could save on auto insurance

Do some research ahead of time about what size is best for your particular needs. Consider renting a few RVs first to do test runs on what size you enjoy driving and camping in. While renting isn’t inexpensive, it could save you a lot in the long run if it prevents you from purchasing the wrong RV.

Not using a travel rewards credit card

You’re loving traveling all over the place and enjoying the RV life — until you get your credit card bill. Campsite reservations can add up, and RVs can suck up a lot of fuel. Any attractions you visit while on your travels could quickly add up as well.

When planning your trips, remember to also plan your budget and consider using some of the  best travel credit cards . These could earn you rewards on your campground reservations or help you get cash back on your fuel purchases.

Skipping a site check

It might be nice to have everything you need right inside your RV, but remember there are things outside of it as well. Before you leave a campsite for the open road, do a walk around of your RV to make sure everything is ready.

You don’t want to be driving around with your steps still down or your compartment doors open. And don’t forget to check for things like sewer hoses so they’re not dragging behind you on the highway. It might sound silly, but it’s a thing that really happens.

Rude behavior

Hitting the road and driving away from everyday life for a vacation doesn’t mean you can leave your manners behind. Campsites are little communities you’re sharing with other people who also want a little rest and relaxation on the road.

Try not to be the campsite neighbor who watches loud movies late at night on your outdoor TV or who doesn’t pick up after your dog. Also, remember not to walk through other RV sites, even if they’re not occupied. Be courteous to your fellow campers while still enjoying the RV life.

5 Signs You’re Doing Better Financially Than the Average American

Ignoring route issues

An RV trip isn’t as simple as entering your destination into a GPS and putting your vehicle in drive. There are things you need to consider as an RV owner that car owners don’t have to worry about.

Make sure your chosen route includes roads that don’t restrict big vehicles, and think about whether your RV can get through tight streets or residential areas. If you don’t like your route, iit can be tough to just turn around in a parking lot or go back the way you came from.

Instead, pay attention to the details before you head out for a day of driving and as you navigate your course. Consider using an app like RV Trip Wizard that can help you avoid roads with tunnels and other obstacles.

Bottom line

The risk of ending up  throwing money away like that may have you a little worried, but RV life could be a great option if you just go in prepared and willing to learn. If you’re not ready to commit to buying an RV just yet, you can still test out the lifestyle. Look into some things to know before renting an RV to see if RV life is right for you.

More from FinanceBuzz:

• 6 genius hacks Costco shoppers should know
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In the vibrant city of Waco, the year 2024 is set to be a landmark for the arts community. The Waco Arts Events 2024, a curated collection of cultural happenings, will showcase the city's rich artistic heritage and burgeoning talent. This series of events will offer a diverse range of experiences, from visual arts exhibitions to live performances, all designed to engage, inspire, and challenge attendees. The Waco Arts Events 2024 will serve as a platform for local artists to display their creativity, while also attracting renowned artists from around the globe. This celebration of arts will not only enhance Waco's cultural landscape but also contribute to the city's economic growth. The anticipation is palpable as the city prepares to host this grand spectacle of creativity and artistic expression. The Waco Arts Events 2024 is indeed a testament to the city's commitment to fostering a thriving arts scene.

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A History of Moscow in 13 Dishes

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