can you travel if you are pregnant

You are using an outdated browser. Upgrade your browser today or install Google Chrome Frame to better experience this site.

Pregnant Travelers

Pregnant travelers can generally travel safely with appropriate preparation. But they should avoid some destinations, including those with risk of Zika and malaria. Learn more about traveling during pregnancy and steps you can take to keep you and your baby healthy.

Before Travel

Before you book a cruise or air travel, check the airlines or cruise operator policies for pregnant women. Some airlines will let you fly until 36 weeks, but others may have an earlier cutoff. Cruises may not allow you to travel after 24–28 weeks of pregnancy, and you may need to have a note from your doctor stating you are fit to travel.

Zika and Malaria

Zika can cause severe birth defects. The Zika virus is spread through mosquito bites and sex. If you are pregnant, do not travel to  areas with risk of Zika . If you must travel to an area with Zika, use  insect repellent  and take other steps to avoid bug bites. If you have a sex partner who lives in or has traveled to an area with Zika, you should use condoms for the rest of your pregnancy.

Pregnant travelers should avoid travel to areas with malaria, as it can be more severe in pregnant women. Malaria increases the risk for serious pregnancy problems, including premature birth, miscarriage, and stillbirth. If you must travel to an area with malaria, talk to your doctor about taking malaria prevention medicine. Malaria is spread by mosquitoes, so use  insect repellent and take other steps to avoid bug bites.

Make an appointment with your healthcare provider or a travel health specialist  that takes place at least one month before you leave. They can help you get destination-specific vaccines, medicines, and information. Discussing your health concerns, itinerary, and planned activities with your provider allows them to give more specific advice and recommendations.

Plan for the unexpected. It is important to plan for unexpected events as much as possible. Doing so can help you get quality health care or avoid being stranded at a destination. A few steps you can take to plan for unexpected events are to  get travel insurance ,    learn where to get health care during travel ,  pack a travel health kit ,  and  enroll in the Department of State’s STEP .

Be sure your healthcare policy covers pregnancy and neonatal complications while overseas. If it doesn’t get travel health insurance that covers those items. Consider getting medical evacuation insurance too.

Recognize signs and symptoms that require immediate medical attention, including pelvic or abdominal pain, bleeding, contractions, symptoms of preeclampsia (unusual swelling, severe headaches, nausea and vomiting, and vision changes), and dehydration.

Prepare a  travel health kit . Pregnant travelers may want to include in your kit prescription medications, hemorrhoid cream, antiemetic drugs, antacids, prenatal vitamins, medication for vaginitis or yeast infection, and support hose, in addition to the items recommended for all travelers.

During Travel

Your feet may become swollen on a long flight, so wear comfortable shoes and loose clothing and try to walk around every hour or so. Sitting for a long time, like on long flight, increases your chances of getting blood clots, or deep vein thrombosis. Pregnant women are also more likely to get blood clots. To reduce your risk of a blood clot, your doctor may recommend compression stockings or leg exercises you can do in your seat. Also, see CDC’s Blood Clots During Travel page for more tips on how to avoid blood clots during travel.

Choose safe food and drink. Contaminated food or drinks can cause travelers’ diarrhea and other diseases and disrupt your travel. Travelers to low or middle income destinations are especially at risk. Generally, foods served hot are usually safe to eat as well as dry and packaged foods. Bottled, canned, and hot drinks are usually safe to drink. Learn more about how to choose safer  food and drinks  to prevent getting sick.

Pregnant women should not use bismuth subsalicylate, which is in Pepto-Bismol and Kaopectate. Travelers to low or middle income  destinations  are more likely to get sick from food or drinks. Iodine tablets for water purification should not be used since they can harm thyroid development of the fetus.

After Travel

If you traveled and feel sick, particularly if you have a fever, talk to a healthcare provider immediately, and tell them about your travel. Avoid contact with other people while you are sick.

More Information

CDC Yellow Book: Pregnant Travelers

File Formats Help:

• Adobe PDF file
• Microsoft PowerPoint file
• Microsoft Word file
• Microsoft Excel file
• Audio/Video file
• Apple Quicktime file
• RealPlayer file
• Zip Archive file

Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy

• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.
• Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.
• You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.
• CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.

Appointments at Mayo Clinic

• Pregnancy week by week

Is it safe to fly during pregnancy?

Generally, air travel before 36 weeks of pregnancy is considered safe for people who aren't dealing with any pregnancy problems. Still, if you're pregnant, it's a good idea to talk with your health care provider before you fly.

Your provider might suggest that you not fly if you have certain pregnancy complications that could get worse because of air travel or that could require emergency care. Examples include a history of miscarriage or vaginal bleeding, severe anemia, and high blood pressure or diabetes that's not well controlled. If you had preeclampsia during a previous pregnancy — a condition that causes high blood pressure and extra protein in urine — flying may not be advised. The same is true if you're pregnant with twins or other multiples.

Tell your provider how far you are flying, as the length of the flight might make a difference. Also, be aware that some airlines may not allow pregnant people on international flights. Check with your airline before you make travel arrangements.

After 36 weeks of pregnancy, your health care provider may advise against flying. And some airlines don't allow pregnant people to fly after 36 weeks. The airline also may require a letter from your health care provider that states how far along in your pregnancy you are and whether flying is advised.

If your health care provider says it's okay for you to fly, and your plans are flexible, the best time to travel by air might be during the second trimester. The risks of common pregnancy emergencies are lowest during that time.

When you fly:

• Buckle up. During the trip, keep your seatbelt fastened when you are seated, and secure it under your belly.
• Drink plenty of fluids. Low humidity in the airplane could cause you to become dehydrated.
• Avoid gassy foods and drinks before you fly. Gases expand during flight, and that could make you uncomfortable. Examples of foods and drinks to avoid include broccoli and carbonated soda.
• Think about medical care. Plan for how you'll get obstetric care during your trip if you need it. Bring copies of your medical information in case you need care while you're away.

Blood clots

Air travel can raise the risk for blood clots in the legs, a condition called venous thrombosis. The risk is higher for pregnant people. Moving your legs may help prevent this problem. Take a walk up and down the aisle every hour during the flight. If you must remain seated, flex and extend your ankles from time to time. In general, it's best to avoid tightfitting clothing, as that can hinder blood flow. Wearing compression stockings can help with blood circulation during a long flight.

Radiation exposure linked to air travel at high altitudes isn't thought to be a problem for most people who fly during pregnancy. But pilots, flight attendants and others who fly often might be exposed to a level of radiation that raises concerns during pregnancy. If you must fly frequently during your pregnancy, talk about it with your health care provider.

Mary Marnach, M.D.

There is a problem with information submitted for this request. Review/update the information highlighted below and resubmit the form.

From Mayo Clinic to your inbox

Sign up for free and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips, current health topics, and expertise on managing health. Click here for an email preview.

Error Email field is required

Error Include a valid email address

To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information, and understand which information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with other information we have about you. If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, this could include protected health information. If we combine this information with your protected health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of privacy practices. You may opt-out of email communications at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in the e-mail.

Thank you for subscribing!

You'll soon start receiving the latest Mayo Clinic health information you requested in your inbox.

Sorry something went wrong with your subscription

Please, try again in a couple of minutes

• Allergy medications during pregnancy
• AskMayoExpert. Health considerations for air travelers: Pregnancy considerations. Mayo Clinic; 2022.
• Air Travel During Pregnancy: ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 746. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2018/08/air-travel-during-pregnancy. Accessed Dec. 1, 2022.
• Ram S, et al. Air travel during pregnancy and the risk of venous thrombosis. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2022; doi:10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100751.

Products and Services

• A Book: Obstetricks
• Available Solutions for Prenatal Nutrition from Mayo Clinic Store
• A Book: Taking Care of You
• A Book: Mayo Clinic Guide to a Healthy Pregnancy
• Ankle swelling during pregnancy
• Antibiotics and pregnancy
• Aspirin during pregnancy
• Pregnancy back pain
• Falling during pregnancy: Reason to worry?
• Fetal ultrasound
• Flu shot in pregnancy
• Headaches during pregnancy: What's the best treatment?
• Iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy: Prevention tips
• Leg cramps during pregnancy
• Pregnancy acne
• Pregnancy and fish
• Pregnancy constipation
• Pregnancy diet: Essential nutrients
• Pregnancy due date calculator
• Pregnancy exercises
• Pregnancy nutrition don'ts
• Pregnancy stretches
• Pregnancy weight gain
• Pregnant. Now What Happens?
• Prenatal testing
• Prenatal vitamins and pregnancy
• Sex during pregnancy
• Twin pregnancy
• Vaccines during pregnancy
• Vaping during pregnancy
• Working during pregnancy
• X-ray during pregnancy

Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission.

• Opportunities

Mayo Clinic Press

Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press .

• Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press Mayo Clinic on Incontinence
• The Essential Diabetes Book - Mayo Clinic Press The Essential Diabetes Book
• Mayo Clinic on Hearing and Balance - Mayo Clinic Press Mayo Clinic on Hearing and Balance
• FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment
• Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book
• Healthy Lifestyle
• Expert Answers
• Air travel during pregnancy Is it safe

Make twice the impact

Your gift can go twice as far to advance cancer research and care!

Pregnancy Travel Tips

Medical review policy, latest update:, can you travel while pregnant , read this next, when should you stop traveling while pregnant, how should you prepare for a trip during pregnancy, what do pregnant women need to know about travel and the zika virus, travel tips for pregnant people, when should you seek medical care while traveling during pregnancy.

While traveling during pregnancy is generally considered safe for most moms-to-be, you’ll need to take some precautions before making any plans — and get the green light from your practitioner first.

What to Expect When You’re Expecting , 5th edition, Heidi Murkoff. WhatToExpect.com, Zika Virus and Pregnancy , October 2020. WhatToExpect.com, What to Know About COVID-19 if You’re Pregnant , February 2021. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Travel During Pregnancy , August 2020. Johns Hopkins Medicine, Traveling While Pregnant or Breastfeeding , 2021. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Travel Recommendations by Destination , May 2021. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pregnant and Recently Pregnant People , May 2021. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pregnant Travelers , December 2020. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Travel: Frequently Asked Questions and Answers , April 2021. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 and Cruise Ship Travel , March 2020.

Jump to Your Week of Pregnancy

Trending on what to expect, signs of labor, pregnancy calculator, ⚠️ you can't see this cool content because you have ad block enabled., top 1,000 baby girl names in the u.s., top 1,000 baby boy names in the u.s., braxton hicks contractions and false labor.

• Pregnancy Classes

Travel During Pregnancy

As long as there are no identified complications or concerns with your pregnancy, it is generally safe to travel during your pregnancy. The ideal time to travel during pregnancy is the second trimester .  In most cases, you are past the morning sickness of the first trimester and several weeks from the third stage of pregnancy when you are more easily fatigued .

Is it safe to travel during pregnancy?

Traveling by air is considered safe for women while they are pregnant; however, the following ideas might make your trip safer and more comfortable.

• Most airlines allow pregnant women to travel through their eighth month. Traveling during the ninth month is usually allowed if there is permission from your health care provider.
• Most airlines have narrow aisles and smaller bathrooms, which makes it more challenging to walk and more uncomfortable when using the restroom. Because of potential turbulence that could shake the plane, make sure you are holding on to the seatbacks while navigating the aisle.
• You may want to choose an aisle seat which will allow you to get up more easily to reach the restroom or just to stretch your legs and back.
• Travel on major airlines with pressurized cabins and avoid smaller private planes. If you must ride in smaller planes, avoid altitudes above 7,000 feet.
• Although doubtful, the risk of DVT can be further reduced by wearing compression stockings.

The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and the International Air Travel Association recommend that expecting mothers in an uncomplicated pregnancy avoid travel from the 37th week of pregnancy through birth. Avoiding travel from 32 weeks through birth is recommended for women who have complicated pregnancies with risk factors for premature labor, such as mothers carrying multiples.

Risk factors that warrant travel considerations include the following:

• Severe anemia
• Cardiac disease
• Respiratory disease
• Recent hemorrhage
• Current or recent bone fractures

Traveling by Sea During Pregnancy

Traveling by sea is generally safe for women while they are pregnant; the motion of the boat may accentuate any morning sickness or make you feel nauseous all over again. There are a few considerations to make your trip safer and more comfortable:

• Check with the cruise line to ensure that there is a health care provider on board in case there are any pregnancy complications .
• Review the route and port-of-calls to identify if there is access to any medical facilities if needed.
• Make sure any medications for seasickness are approved for women who are pregnant and that there is no risk to the developing baby.
• Seasickness bands use acupressure points to help prevent upset stomach and maybe a good alternative to medication.

International Travel During Pregnancy

Traveling overseas has the same considerations that local or domestic travel has, but it also has additional concerns that you need to know about before making an international trip. The information below is provided to help you assess whether an international trip is good for you at this time:

• It is important to talk with your health care provider before you take a trip internationally to discuss safety factors for you and your baby.
• Discuss immunizations with your health care provider and carry a copy of your health records with you.
• With international travel, you may be exposed to a disease that is rare here in the United States but is common in the country you visit.
• Contact the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at (800) 311-3435 or visit their website at www.cdc.gov to receive safety information along with immunization facts related to your travels.
• Diarrhea is a common concern when traveling overseas because you may not be used to the germs and organisms found in the food and water of other countries. This can lead to a problem of dehydration .

Here are some tips to avoid diarrhea and help keep you safe:

• Drink plenty of bottled water
• Used canned juices or soft drinks as alternatives
• Make sure the milk is pasteurized
• Avoid fresh fruits and vegetables unless they have been cooked or can be peeled (such as an orange or a banana)
• Make certain that all meat and fish has been cooked completely; if you are unsure, do not eat it

Travel Tips During Pregnancy

Whether you are going by car, bus, or train, it is generally safe to travel while you are pregnant; however, there are some things to consider that could make your trip safer and more comfortable.

• It is essential to buckle-up every time you ride in a car. Make sure that you use both the lap and shoulder belts for the best protection of you and your baby.
• Keep the airbags turned on. The safety benefits of the airbag outweigh any potential risk to you and your baby.
• Buses tend to have narrow aisles and small restrooms. This mode of transportation can be more challenging.  The safest thing is to remain seated while the bus is moving. If you must use the restroom, make sure to hold on to the rail or seats to keep your balance.
• Trains usually have more room to navigate and walk. The restrooms are usually small. It is essential to hold on to rails or seat backs while the train is moving.
• Try to limit the amount of time you are cooped up in the car, bus, or train. Keep travel time around five to six hours.
• Use rest stops to take short walks and to do stretches to keep the blood circulating.
• Dress comfortably in loose cotton clothing and wear comfortable shoes.
• Take your favorite pillow.
• Plan for plenty of rest stops, restroom breaks and stretches.
• Carry snack foods with you.
• If you are traveling any distance, make sure to carry a copy of your prenatal records.
• Enjoy the trip.

Want to Know More?

• How to Treat Jet Lag Naturally During Pregnancy

Compiled using information from the following sources:

1. Planning Your Pregnancy and Birth Third Ed. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Ch. 5. William’s Obstetrics Twenty-Second Ed. Cunningham, F. Gary, et al, Ch. 8.

2. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Air Travel and Pregnancy (Scientific Impact Paper No. 1), https://www.rcog.org/uk, May 22, 2013.

BLOG CATEGORIES

• Can I get pregnant if… ? 3
• Child Adoption 19
• Fertility 54
• Pregnancy Loss 11
• Breastfeeding 29
• Changes In Your Body 5
• Cord Blood 4
• Genetic Disorders & Birth Defects 17
• Health & Nutrition 2
• Is it Safe While Pregnant 54
• Labor and Birth 65
• Multiple Births 10
• Planning and Preparing 24
• Pregnancy Complications 68
• Pregnancy Concerns 62
• Pregnancy Health and Wellness 149
• Pregnancy Products & Tests 8
• Pregnancy Supplements & Medications 14
• The First Year 41
• Week by Week Newsletter 40
• Your Developing Baby 16
• Options for Unplanned Pregnancy 18
• Paternity Tests 2
• Pregnancy Symptoms 5
• Prenatal Testing 16
• The Bumpy Truth Blog 7
• Uncategorized 4
• Abstinence 3
• Birth Control Pills, Patches & Devices 21
• Women's Health 34
• Thank You for Your Donation
• Unplanned Pregnancy
• Getting Pregnant
• Healthy Pregnancy
• Privacy Policy

Share this post:

Similar post.

Preconception Wellness - Prepare for the Unexpected

Leg Cramps During Pregnancy

Prenatal Vitamin Limits

Track your baby’s development, subscribe to our week-by-week pregnancy newsletter.

• The Bumpy Truth Blog
• Fertility Products Resource Guide

Pregnancy Tools

• Ovulation Calendar
• Baby Names Directory
• Pregnancy Due Date Calculator
• Pregnancy Quiz

Pregnancy Journeys

• Partner With Us
• Corporate Sponsors

Yes, just like other kinds of pregnancy travel , flying while pregnant is safe as long as you're not too close to your due date and don't have any medical complications.

Talk with your healthcare provider before you book your flight to discuss any potential issues and get their go ahead. Know that almost every airline won't let women who are past 36 weeks pregnant fly – and sometimes that's even earlier for international travel.

As long as you and your baby are healthy, you shouldn't have any trouble in the pressurized cabin of a commercial airliner. (Just remember to keep your seat belt on while you're seated – it should sit under your belly and low on your hips.) You don't need to worry about the screening machines at the airport, either. They won't harm your baby.

Your ob-gyn or midwife may be able to help you find a provider at the destination you're visiting in case you need medical attention while you're away. You'll also want to verify what your health and travel insurance policies cover regarding emergencies abroad and flight cancellations, in the event that something happens or you need to cancel your trip.

When is flying while pregnant not safe?

There are some situations when it's not safe to fly while you're pregnant, including if you:

• are having signs of a possible miscarriage , such as cramping, pain, or bleeding
• have cervical insufficiency (an incompetent cervix)
• have preeclampsia
• have vaginal bleeding
• are under observation for preterm labor
• have premature rupture of membranes (PROM), which means you're leaking amniotic fluid or your water has broken but you're not yet in labor

Your healthcare provider may also recommend you not fly if you:

• are carrying twins or higher multiples after 28 weeks
• have intrauterine growth restriction
• have a history of miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy
• have placenta previa or another placental abnormality
• have any chronic medical condition, such as diabetes or high blood pressure
• have a history of blood clots
• have any other conditions that put your pregnancy at extra risk

How late in pregnancy can you fly?

Most airlines won't let pregnant women fly after 36 weeks – if you're planning to get on a plane sometime during your third trimester, check with your airline on their specific pregnancy travel policies before booking your flight.

If your bump makes it look like you're more pregnant than you are , airline employees may ask you to provide a note from your OB or midwife stating you've been cleared to fly, as well as how many weeks pregnant you are. In most cases, it's no problem at all to get this letter from your healthcare provider – just be sure not to wait until the day of travel to ask for it. That's the last bit of travel stress anyone needs!

Tips for flying when pregnant

These tips will help you and your baby stay safe and comfortable on your next flight:

• For the smoothest ride, request a seat in the middle of the plane over the wing. (This is the area where you're least likely to get airsick too.)
• For more legroom, try to get a seat in the bulkhead or pay for an upgrade. Stretch your legs and flex your feet as often as possible to minimize swelling.
• Choose an aisle seat so you can get up easily to go to the bathroom or walk around and stretch – which you should do at least once an hour (every half hour is even better). Pregnant women who sit still for long periods have a higher risk of developing deep vein thrombosis .
• Wearing compression socks can also help you avoid clots because they keep the blood moving in your legs.
• Wear comfortable shoes, as your feet may become swollen when flying. Opt for loose clothing to stay as comfortable as possible too.
• Drink lots of fluids (especially water) to avoid the dehydrating effects of dry cabin air. It's best to avoid carbonated drinks when flying – gas expands at higher altitudes and that effect can be uncomfortable.
• Go to the bathroom frequently, especially before the plane begins its descent. You don't want to be stuck in your seat with a full bladder during the time it takes to land and taxi to the gate.
• If you're prone to nausea, ask your healthcare provider if you can take prescription anti-nausea medication .
• Don't be afraid to ask a flight attendant or other passengers who appear able to help you lift your carry-on into the overhead bin.
• Be sure to pack some healthy snacks and a bottle of water in case you have any unexpected delays on the ground or in the air.

Flying during COVID-19

As long as you're fully vaccinated against COVID-19, it's okay to travel, which includes flying, according to the CDC. If you're not vaccinated, the CDC says you should delay or avoid travel unless it's absolutely essential. Pregnant women who get COVID-19 are at a higher risk for severe illness and hospitalization, as well as preterm birth and other poor pregnancy outcomes. (This is why major health organizations are recommending that women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or are planning on becoming pregnant get the COVID-19 vaccine .)

If you have any questions about flying during COVID-19 or the COVID-19 vaccine, talk to your healthcare provider. They can help you make the best decisions for you and your baby's health.

Was this article helpful?

The 5 best airlines to fly while pregnant for a more comfortable trip

Is it safe to travel to high altitudes while pregnant?

Traveling while pregnant: Your complete guide

Does pregnancy make me prone to motion sickness?

BabyCenter's editorial team is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information in the world. When creating and updating content, we rely on credible sources: respected health organizations, professional groups of doctors and other experts, and published studies in peer-reviewed journals. We believe you should always know the source of the information you're seeing. Learn more about our editorial and medical review policies .

ACOG. 2019. Air travel during pregnancy. Committee Opinion No. 746. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2018/08/air-travel-during-pregnancy Opens a new window [Accessed October 2021]

ACOG. 2016. Travel during pregnancy. FAQ055.  http://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Travel-During-Pregnancy Opens a new window  [Accessed October 2021]

March of Dimes. 2016. Travel during pregnancy.  http://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/travel-during-pregnancy.aspx Opens a new window  [Accessed October 2021]

Morof, D.F. 2015. CDC. Travelers' Health, Chapter 8, Advising Travelers with Specific Needs, Pregnant Travelers.  http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2016/advising-travelers-with-specific-needs/pregnant-travelers Opens a new window  [Accessed October 2021]

CDC. 2021. Covid-19: Pregnant and Recently Pregnant People. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/pregnant-people.html Opens a new window [Accessed October 2021]

CDC. 2021. International Travel During Covid-19. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/international-travel-during-covid19.html Opens a new window [Accessed October 2021]

Terry Ward is a freelance travel, health, and parenting writer who has covered everything from flying with toddlers to why you should travel with your kids even when they're too young to remember it. She lives in Tampa, Florida, with her husband and their young son and daughter, and enjoys camping, sailing, scuba diving, skiing, and almost anything else done in the great outdoors.

Where to go next

Flying While Pregnant? Check Out the Policies on 25 Global Airlines

In the absence of obstetric or medical complications, occasional air travel during pregnancy is generally safe, according to the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology  (ACOG). Like other travelers, pregnant women should use seat belts while seated. 

Most commercial airlines allow pregnant women to fly up to 36 weeks of gestation, with some restrictions on international flights. 

ACOG does not recommend air travel for pregnant women with medical or obstetric conditions that may be exacerbated by flight or that could require emergency care. It advises checking flight durations when planning travel and that the most common obstetric emergencies occur in the first and third trimesters.

Once aboard a flight, conditions including changes in cabin pressure and low humidity, coupled with the physiologic changes of pregnancy, do result in adaptations, including increased heart rate and blood pressure, reports ACOG. And those traveling on long-haul flights face the risks associated with immobilization and low cabin humidity. This can cause issues such as lower extremity edema and venous thrombotic events.

ACOG recommends preventive measures to minimize these risks, including the use of support stockings, regular movement of the lower extremities, avoid wearing restrictive clothing and encourage regular hydration. It also advises against consuming gas-producing foods or drinks before a flight.

Other ways for pregnant women to be comfortable on their flights include: booking a bulkhead seat for more legroom; reserving an aisle seat for easy access to lavatories and to walk; elevating your legs on a carry-on bag to avoid swelling and cramps; and wearing a layered, comfortable outfit for changing cabin temperatures.

Airlines around the world have different rules and regulations on when and how long pregnant women can fly. Below are the policies from 25 airlines around the world.

The French flag carrier does not require pregnant women to carry a medical certificate for travel during pregnancy. It recommends avoiding travel in the final month of pregnancy, as well as during the first seven days after delivery. The airline also recommends expecting mothers seek their doctor's opinion before traveling.

India’s flag carrier allows expectant mothers in good health to fly up to and including their 27th week of pregnancy. After 27 weeks, if the pregnancy is anticipated to be a normal delivery, an expectant mother will be accepted for travel up to the 35th week, but a medical certificate confirming the mother is fit to travel is required by an attending obstetrician and dated within three days of travel.

Air New Zealand

For single, uncomplicated pregnancies and clearance from a doctor or midwife women can take flights more than four hours up to the end of their 36th week. For flights under four hours, it's up to the end of the 40th week. Women pregnant with twins can fly more than four hours up to their 32nd week and less than four hours until the 36th week.

The airline recommends that women past their 28th week carry a letter from a doctor or midwife that says you are fit for travel, confirming your pregnancy dates and that there are no complications.

The airline's medical team must offer clearance for women experiencing the following: a complicated pregnancy, such as placenta previa or bleeding; a multiple pregnancy; a history of premature labor; or have begun the early stages of labor. 

Italy's flag carrier has no travel restrictions for expectant mothers during the first eight months of pregnancy. But if traveling within the last four weeks of pregnancy, expecting multiple births, or having a complicated pregnancy, medical clearance is required. Completion of a Medical Information Form, MEDIF , prior to travel and signed by both the passenger and doctor is required.

Alitalia advises pregnant not to fly seven days prior to and seven days after giving birth, or if there is a risk of a premature birth or other complications. It will make staff available to escort pregnant women from the airport check-in counter to the boarding gate. Staff onboard the flight will help stow carry-on luggage. Seats can be pre-assigned and women cannot sit in an exit row.

All Nippon Airways

The Japanese carrier requires women within 15 to 28 days of their due date to fill out and carry a medical information form . Women within 14 days of their due date are required to have a medical form and travel with a doctor. The form must indicate there are no complications of pregnancy, that the passenger has no health problems preventing them from flying and the due date. It must be completed by a doctor and submitted no more than seven days prior to departure.

American Airlines

The Fort Worth-based carrier has different rules for international and domestic flights. If a due date is within four weeks of a flight, you must provide a doctor’s certificate stating that you’ve been recently examined and you’re fit to fly. For domestic flights under five hours, pregnant women won’t be permitted to travel within seven days (before and after) their delivery date. Those who need travel within this timeframe will need approval from a physician and help from a special assistance coordinator . The pregnant woman's physician will be required to fill out a passenger medical form before a flight. A special assistance coordinator will send the form directly to your physician.

Clearance from a special assistance coordinator is required for international travel or travel over water. Within four weeks of a due date also requires a physician's note stating that you’ve been examined within the past 48 hours and you’re fit to fly. And seven days before or after delivery also requires a passenger medical form to be completed by your physician.

British Airways

The U.K. carrier does not allow pregnant women to fly after the end of the 36th week if you are pregnant with one baby or the end of the 32nd week if you are pregnant with more than one baby. While it isn't mandated, British Airways recommends all expecting mothers carry a confirmation from a doctor or midwife, such as a letter or certificate, in addition to your pregnancy record. It should be written within seven days prior to travel and confirm your approximate due date, that you're fit to travel and that there are no complications with your pregnancy.

Cathay Pacific

 Hong Kong's flag carrier requires that women with pregnancies after 28 weeks carry a medical certificate, dated within 10 days of travel that states the following: 

• single or multiple pregnancy
• estimated week of pregnancy
• expected due date 
• certifying you are in good health and the pregnancy is progressing normally, without complications
• that you are fit to travel

The airline accepts pregnant women with uncomplicated single pregnancies to travel up to 36 weeks and uncomplicated multiple pregnancies up to 32 weeks.

Delta Air Lines

The Atlanta-based carrier does not impose restrictions on flying for pregnant women, so a medical certificate is not required to travel. But the airline will not waive ticket change fees and penalties for pregnancy. The airline recommends that those flying after their eight month should check with their doctor to be sure travel is not restricted.

The U.K.-based airline has no restrictions for pregnant passengers traveling up to the end of the 35th week of single pregnancies and the end of the 32nd week for multiple pregnancies.

Pregnant women can travel up to their 29th week without a medical certificate. After that, they require a certificate or letter signed by a qualified doctor or midwife that states whether the pregnancy is single or multiple, is progressing without complications, includes an estimated due date, that you are in good health and there's no known reason to prevent you from flying. Pregnant passengers are not allowed to fly after the 32nd week of a multiple pregnancy, and after the 36th week of a single pregnancy.

This Abu Dhabi-based carrier allows women with single or multiple pregnancies to travel during the first 28 weeks without a medical certificate. For single pregnancies between 29 and 36 weeks, a medical certificate is required. After 37 weeks, pregnant women will not be allowed to travel. For multiple pregnancies, a certificate is required between the 29th and 32nd week; after that, women will not be allowed to travel.

The medical certificate must include the following: 

• Be issued and signed by a doctor or midwife
• Written on a clinic/hospital letterhead and/or stamped by the doctor or midwife
• State that the guest is fit to fly
• State if the pregnancy is single or multiple
• State the number of weeks of pregnancy and the Expected Date of Delivery 
• Easily understood and written in Arabic or English. Other languages are accepted but must be verified by Etihad Airways' check-in staff

The original medical certificate shall be accepted for the whole journey (originating, return and stopover flights), provided the above validity criteria is met for each sector. And it is valid for three weeks from the date of issue.

The New York-based carrier does not allow pregnant customers expecting to deliver within seven days to travel unless they provide a doctor's certificate dated no more than 72 hours prior to departure stating that the woman is physically fit for air travel to and from the destinations requested on the date of the flight and that the estimated date of delivery is after the date of the last flight.

The Dutch flag carrier recommends pregnant mothers not fly after the 36th week, along with the first week following delivery. For those expecting more than one baby, the carrier recommends consulting with a physician prior to flying. If you have had complications, you always need to have permission to fly from your physician.

Expectant mothers with complication-free pregnancies can fly on the German flag carrier until the end of the 36th week of pregnancy or up to four weeks before their expected due date without a medical certificate from a gynecologist. But the airline recommends that pregnant women beyond the 28th week have a current letter from a gynecologist that includes confirmation that the pregnancy is progressing without complications and the expected due date. The doctor should expressly state that the patient’s pregnancy does not prevent her from flying.

Because of the increased risk of thrombosis during pregnancy, the airline does recommend that expectant mothers wear compression stockings while flying.

Malaysia Airlines

The Malaysian flag carrier requires medical clearance for expectant mothers approaching 35 weeks for international travel or 36 weeks for domestic travel. If medical clearance is required, the MEDIF application form should be completed by a doctor and submitted to the airline through its ticketing offices or travel agents at least five working days before traveling.

Philippine Airlines

An expectant mother who is in normal health and with no pregnancy complications will be allowed to fly after filling out an EMIS form . Pregnant women may be accepted for travel if they are not beyond 35 weeks when they fill out Part One of the EMIS form. Those between 24 and 32 weeks of pregnancy will have to fill out EMIS Form Part 2. And if the expectant mother is below 21 years of age, the consent in writing of the husband, parent or guardian must be secured. For expectant mothers beyond 32 weeks of pregnancy, EMIS Part 3 must be accomplished by the Flight Surgeon or Company Physician, who shall issue the clearance for travel

After the 28th week, women are required to have a certificate or letter from a registered medical practitioner or registered midwife confirming the delivery date, whether it's a single or multiple pregnancy and that the pregnancy is routine.

For flights longer than four hours, women can fly up to the end of the 36th week for single pregnancies and the end of the 32nd week for multiple pregnancies. For flights under four hours, women can travel up to the end of the 40th week for single pregnancies and the end of the 36th week for multiple pregnancies. The carrier requires medical clearance  if there are pregnancy complications or it's not a routine pregnancy.

Qatar Airways

 No doctor's note is required for women traveling through their 28th week of pregnancy. Expectant mothers can fly between week 29 and week 32 with a doctor's note and a pregnancy with no complications. Those with a multiple pregnancy will need a doctor's note and a  Medical Information Form (MEDIF) . Between weeks 33 and 35, women will need a doctor's note and a MEDIF. The airline does not accept women in their 36th week and beyond.

 The low-cost Irish carrier allows expectant mothers to fly up to their 28th week of pregnancy. After that, the airline requires women to have a ‘fit to fly’ letter from their midwife or doctor. For an uncomplicated single pregnancy, travel is not permitted beyond the end of the 36th week of pregnancy, while the cut-off for an uncomplicated multiple pregnancy is 32 weeks. 

Singapore Airlines

For uncomplicated single pregnancies, the carrier restricts expectant mothers from travelling beyond the 36th week of pregnancy; for uncomplicated multiple pregnancies, the restriction is the 32nd week.

For uncomplicated single pregnancies between 29 weeks and 36 weeks, expectant mothers must provide a medical certificate stating the following: (1) fitness to travel, (2) number of weeks of pregnancy and (3) estimated date of delivery. The certificate should be dated within ten days of the date of the first flight exceeding 28 weeks of pregnancy. This certificate will have to be presented at check-in when requested.

Southwest Airlines

The Dallas-based carrier advises expectant mothers at any stage of pregnancy to consult with their physicians prior to air travel. The airline recommends against air travel beginning at the 38th week of pregnancy. It warns that in some cases, traveling by air has been known to cause complications or premature labor. Depending on their physical condition, strength, and agility, pregnant women may, in some cases, be asked not to sit in the emergency exit row.

Turkish Airlines

Turkey's flag carrier allows mothers pregnant with one child to travel between the 28th and 35th week if they have a doctor's report that includes the phrase, “There is no particular reason for the patient not to fly.” For women pregnant with more then one baby, the travel cut-off is the end of the 31st week with a doctor's report. The report has to be no more than seven days from the travel date. 

United Airlines

Any woman in the first 36 weeks of pregnancy will be allowed to travel on the Chicago-based carrier without medical documentation. An expectant mother traveling after the 36 weeks of pregnancy must have the original and two copies of an obstetrician’s certificate, which must be dated within 72 hours of a flight’s departure. The original certificate should be submitted to a United representative at check-in.

Virgin Atlantic

 The London-based airline allows travel without restrictions until the 28th week of pregnancy provided that you're free from complications to that point. The carrier asks pregnant mothers to inform its Special Assistance department so they can offer appropriate inflight health advice. Between the 28th and 36th weeks of pregnancy, a doctor's or midwife's certificate is required, stating that the passenger is safe for travel and the expected due date (32 weeks if carrying multiples in an uncomplicated pregnancy). Beyond the 36th week of pregnancy, travel is only permitted for medical/compassionate reasons and the pregnant passenger is required to be accompanied by a medical escort. This travel is subject to the approval of a Virgin Atlantic doctor.

The 10 Best Compression Socks for Travel of 2024

Booking a Baby Bassinet for Your Flight

The 7 Best Travel Car Seats of 2024

Pet Birds and Air Travel

The 11 Best Carry-on Backpacks of 2024, Tested and Reviewed

North American Airlines on Rules for Overweight Passengers

The 9 Best Kayak Roof Racks of 2024

Car Seat Policies for the Top 15 North American Airlines

How to Travel Internationally With Your Pet

What to Know About French Customs Regulations

Morocco Reopens Its Borders to Citizens of 67 Countries, Including the U.S.

What Documents Do I Need for Mexico Travel?

Budget Airline Baggage Fees

8 Air Travel Rights You Didn’t Know You Have

Guide to Planning a Trip to Israel

What to Expect If You’re Going on a Cruise This Winter

What to expect when traveling in each trimester of pregnancy

So you're pregnant? Congrats! It's an exciting time but also one in which many aspects of your life will begin to change, including travel. While you'll quickly need to understand the airline industry's rules for flying while pregnant , there are some more personal tips I'd like to share with you based on my experience traveling throughout the first, second and third trimesters of both of my pregnancies.

A few truths about pregnancy

Picky, starving moms need to travel with snacks.

I didn't know I was pregnant when I took the first flight of my second pregnancy. I was on a mileage run from Houston to Los Angeles, and by the time we landed, I was super tired, kinda grumpy and oh-my-so-hungry.

Then began a mad search for food. Luckily, Counter Burger was open and serving up sweet potato fries and burgers. Out of habit, I went for the veggie burger but I quickly regretted my decision, which left me far from satisfied with ground-up veggie mush.

In the early stages of pregnancy, your normal travel habits of going a little hungry for a while, or making due with what's around, may not work well.

Throughout your pregnancy, travel with water to stay hydrated and snacks to stave off hunger pangs and keep you going through travel delays. If you're feeling particularly food sensitive, research the food options at your destination ahead of time. I virtually lived on chicken noodle soup for a whole week early in my pregnancy and then, for a couple of days, all I wanted were hush puppies. I know how to get those items at home but when you are on the road, you either need to do more research or be more flexible -- which is sometimes easier said than done.

Related: 4 tips for planning travel while planning a pregnancy

Research and make choices about inflight radiation and other risks

I'm not an expert, but because I fly often, I have given some thought to inflight radiation exposure , especially during the early stages of pregnancy.

For pregnant flight attendants and pilots, the Federal Aviation Administration recommends a limit of 1 mSv during pregnancy, with no more than 0.5 mSv per month. I don't fly as much as an airline employee, but it doesn't take much research to learn that the amount of radiation you (and your gestating baby) are exposed to in the air varies dramatically from route to route. The highest-level routes are typically longer, higher-altitude polar routes. Here's some information from NASA about polar flights and radiation .

Every expectant mother should discuss the risks of flying during pregnancy with her doctor before getting on a plane. For me, nine months was a tiny moment in my traveling life, so I was OK adjusting my behavior a bit out of an abundance of caution. However, I didn't adjust to the point of never leaving my house. We still flew when I was pregnant, but I was judicious about when and where I would fly.

Check your health insurance policy

If you aren't familiar with your medical insurance coverage for when you travel, brush up on those facts now. Look at in-network and out-of-network benefits, as well as coverage for procedures for medical emergencies in other countries, if relevant. Most likely, if you do have coverage for treatment in other countries, you will still be on the hook to pay for your care up front and then submit for reimbursement from your health insurer. Plan accordingly and plan for the unexpected. If your baby decides to arrive early, for instance, check to make sure your insurance would cover possible extended and expensive care in an intensive care unit in a hospital away from your home.

Be sure to check what your health insurance coverage provides if you deliver at another facility later in your pregnancy. I once had an insurance plan that specifically did not cover out-of-network deliveries after 36 weeks, so that is something you would want to know before venturing away from home late in pregnancy.

Consider travel insurance

Trip insurance can be helpful if you are traveling while pregnant. Read the plan's fine print to determine what might be covered and whether you are covered if you already knew you were pregnant when you purchased the plan. Typically, a normal pregnancy or normal delivery would not be covered but if there are unexpected complications with the pregnancy, then related trip-cancellation or trip-interruption coverage may kick in on certain plans in certain situations.

Here are some travel insurance providers to check out: Allianz Travel Insurance, Travel Guard and Travelex Insurance . You can also compare a variety of plans at a portal like SquareMouth .

Here are some articles that will help you brush up on your travel insurance knowledge:

• The best travel insurance policies and providers
• What is independent travel insurance and when is it worth it?
• When to buy travel insurance versus when to rely on credit card protections
• Is credit card travel insurance sufficient on its own?
• Why I buy travel insurance

Traveling in the first trimester

Traveling in the first trimester can range from "no big deal" to "I think I'm going to die from misery right this very instant." Symptoms in early pregnancy can vary widely and can change by the day. A flight in your first trimester may be no different from any other flight you've ever taken or it may feel like you are flying with the worst hangover of your life.

Unless you are very high risk or have other extenuating medical issues, your doctor will probably give you the green light to travel in early pregnancy. Feeling extra tired, nauseous and queasy doesn't make for the perfect travel experience, so here are some tips to make travel easier:

Pick an aisle seat and move about the cabin

When you do hit the skies early on, choose a seat where you will be the most comfortable, likely an aisle seat so you can get to the restroom easily. I also recommend getting up to walk around and stretch your legs. (Here are tips for credit cards that will defeat basic economy and let you get a seat assignment in advance.)

Room service come to the rescue

In my first trimester of my second pregnancy, I went on a trip with my daughter and parents to New York City to see the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade and I was met with another challenge. I was at the point in my pregnancy when I needed food immediately upon waking or I was going to get queasy. Since I was staying in a hotel room with my young daughter, this meant room service. I also had granola bars and fruit on hand, but that was not enough to really do the trick some mornings. Had my husband been there, he could have gone in search of a warm bagel and juice, but since he wasn't on this trip, we had to improvise. Thanks goodness Marriott elite status helped defray the cost of most of the breakfast!

Take it easy when you need to

Once you are further along in your pregnancy and you actually look pregnant, you will sometimes get a little sympathy or, at least, empathy while traveling. Strangers may offer to help with your bag and people may have more patience with you if you're moving slowly. However, in the first trimester nobody can tell you are pregnant, and no one is going to feel sorry for you. If you act queasy on the plane, you will pretty much be treated like you have Ebola, and any other issue or ailment will pretty much not interest anyone. I once told the flight attendant I was pregnant when she was giving me the eye about looking queasy.

Take care of yourself, don't overdo it and know when to say enough is enough. You may be used to very busy travel days, but now find yourself needing a nap during your first trimester, and that's OK. Listen to your body and adjust accordingly.

Traveling in the second trimester

You have probably heard that the second trimester is generally the easiest of the three trimesters for most expecting moms. You usually aren't as sick and or as tired as in the first trimester, and you aren't as large, uncomfortable and exhausted as in the third trimester. From roughly weeks 13 to 27 of a pregnancy, your activity and comfort levels are often good, and this means that it can be a great time to travel. Couples that like to take "babymoons" (one last couples trip before the baby arrives) often try to schedule them in the second trimester.

Related: The best babymoon destinations for every month of the year

The beginning and end of the second trimester are quite different

You will probably enter the second trimester not really looking pregnant, and end it looking quite different. This means that you may feel very different at the beginning and end of the second trimester. The second trimester is when lots of belly growing happens and this can mean that some types of travel will be more uncomfortable toward the end of these few months of pregnancy than at the beginning.

Consider where you are comfortable traveling

A very personal and important decision to make during the second trimester is to determine if there are certain restrictions you will place on yourself in terms of where you're comfortable traveling. Some types of travel will ban women from traveling during the second trimester. For example, many cruise lines will not allow a woman to book a cruise if she will enter her 24th week of pregnancy (or later) while on the voyage.

Royal Caribbean's policy bars pregnant women from sailing at and after the 24th week. It was developed in concert with the Cruise Lines International Association endorsement of the American College of Emergency Physicians Health Care Guidelines for Cruise Ship Medical Facilities .

Many consider unborn fetuses to be viable if born beginning around 24 weeks (though that age threshold is getting earlier and earlier). This means that a baby born at 24 weeks gestation would have anywhere from a 50% to 70% chance of survival outside the womb if (and only if) there is immediate access to advanced medical care. A cruise ship clearly doesn't have an advanced neonatal care unit on board, so presumably the policy is related to why cruise lines draw the line for pregnant passengers.

I personally draw the line for travel at 23 or 24 weeks when talking about destinations that don't have the same level of advanced medical care as the United States -- or long flights or a flight path that could hinder prompt access to advanced medical care if I happened to unexpectedly go into labor. The Maldives is an example of somewhere I would not want to travel in this instance because there would be significant delays in obtaining medical care on these remote islands.

Plan big, but not too big

The second trimester is a great time to squeeze in a pre-baby trip or two since you will probably feel relatively like to your pre-pregnant self much of the time. We went to Aruba when I was 14 weeks pregnant and it was a fantastic trip. I had lots of energy and a normal appetite. Flying was not uncomfortable because my belly was still pretty small and the only real adjustment was to make sure I had a somewhat larger bathing suit before the trip.

At 23 weeks, I traveled to Spain and still felt pretty energetic and "normal." I will admit that the flight in economy wasn't super comfortable since I did have a belly that was hindering curling up in positions that usually help me sleep on the plane, but our time on the ground in Spain wasn't really impacted at all by the pregnancy other than missing out on the Spanish wine.

The great thing about both of those trips was that they were at my own pace. This meant that if I didn't feel like doing much one afternoon, I could take it easy. Even though you may feel great in the second trimester, you can still tire more quickly than normal, so be sure to limit your vacation activities to those you can manage. There are also activities that some doctors might advise against by the second trimester like thrill rides, scuba diving or horseback riding, so double-check any restrictions before planning more adventurous outings.

Traveling in the third trimester

Pregnancy isn't an illness or disease. For many families, it's just a normal phase in a woman's life before a new baby joins the family. Assuming things are going well, it's not a time when you have to cancel all travel. However, once the third trimester rolls around, travel can get a more complicated and does eventually have to stop.

The beginning and end of the third trimester are quite different

Changes come even more quickly in the third trimester. You enter the third trimester about 28 weeks pregnant and end it with a newborn. This means that types of travel that are possible at 27 and 28 weeks pregnant may be inadvisable, or even prohibited, at 37 and 38 weeks pregnant.

Select destinations and activities carefully

In the final months of pregnancy, some activities are probably going to be more comfortable and enjoyable than others. For example, swimming and spa time may be exactly what you need.

I give strong preference to visiting beach and resort destinations in the final trimester. Trust me when I say that few activities are as comfortable in the third trimester as floating in the water! We went to The Phoenician (a Marriott property) in Scottsdale, Arizona, when I was about 31 weeks pregnant and even with my big belly, it was the perfect mix of spa, swimming and fun activities for our 5 year old before both our lives changed.

You are going to get uncomfortable

Maybe this isn't universal and there are some magical creatures out there who never feel uncomfortable during pregnancy, but every mom I know eventually hit a point in her pregnancy when she wasn't comfortable. For many, this means that sitting for an extended time in a small airline seat, standing in long lines or trekking around in the heat to explore a city all day eventually become pretty miserable activities.

No one can tell you when you will hit that point, but it will likely happen in the third trimester. For me, my back started giving me a bunch of trouble at around week 30 or 31. I was incredibly grateful there were no more flights scheduled during that pregnancy beyond that point.

If you are going to fly during the later weeks of your third trimester and have the ability to secure a more comfortable seat up front, or at least one with extra legroom so you can stretch out, it may well be a good investment in your comfort. I brought a tennis ball with me when I flew so I could give myself a bit of a "back massage" against the airplane seat.

Bring your own pillows

Sleep becomes a challenge in the third trimester for many women and a pillow fort of sorts becomes a necessity to get some good shut-eye. Many pregnant moms find that using some sort of body pillow or pillow arrangement helps to keep their bellies supported and comfortable at night. You can't assume that the hotel will have similar pillows, so bring your own if they become essential to good rest in your third trimester. I had no shame in hauling my pillow fort with me on our last road trip at eight months pregnant.

See if you are allowed to fly

Even if your doctor OKs it, many airlines have rules about women flying in the third trimester. Check out airline rules for traveling while pregnant for complete details, but generally speaking, most U.S. airlines don't have many flight restrictions until the last month of pregnancy. However, many international airlines do have restrictions and documentation requirements beginning at 28 weeks. If you are pregnant with more than one baby, the restrictions kick in even earlier.

Decide when to stop traveling

I'm all for traveling while pregnant but, realistically, most women will want to stop traveling at some point in the third trimester. I would imagine by about 36 or 37 weeks, most women will probably decide to stay closer to home. I went on a road trip about three hours from home at 35 weeks and then called it quits for the rest of the pregnancy. There's still a whole new world of travel waiting once a new baby joins the family .

Bottom line

There is usually no reason to stop traveling when you're expecting. During my last pregnancy, I went on 12 trips, 28 flights, visited four countries and I'm very glad I had the opportunity to stay that active. I'm also glad that I grounded myself from flight after 31 weeks and from road trips at 35 weeks because those were the right decisions for my comfort level.

• Search Please fill out this field.
• Newsletters
• Sweepstakes

11 Rules for Road Trips While Pregnant, Including When To Stop Traveling by Car

A car trip can be a memorable vacation while pregnant, especially if flying is out of the question, but there are some precautions to take before you hit the road.

Everyone loves a good road trip. And if you're pregnant, a babymoon by car may be exactly what's needed before you're elbows-deep in dirty diapers. While it's generally safe to fly while expecting , some airlines have a cutoff of 36 weeks (and many even earlier), according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Pregnant people who do fly should check with their doctors first, but they can make travel safer with simple steps like holding onto seatbacks when walking during turbulence and wearing compression socks to prevent deep vein thrombosis.

The great news is that car travel is safe for most pregnant people. If you have complications, you may need to stick closer to home but unless you're on bedrest or have other doctor-imposed limitations, you should be able to hit the road. Ask your health care provider when you should stop long road trips, but in most cases, it's safe until close to your due date.

To ensure the only bump on the road is your belly, here are 11 tips pregnant travelers should know before setting off on a long drive.

1. Talk To Your Health Care Provider

No matter the mode of travel, pregnant people should always start by contacting their health care provider, said Kecia Gaither, MD , maternal-fetal medicine specialist affiliated with NYC Health + Hospitals/Lincoln in the Bronx, New York. "Certain medical conditions may preclude any degree of travel, be it by air or land," says Dr. Gaither. "Those conditions may include placenta previa , prior preterm labor , or clotting disorders."

Placenta previa, for example, happens when the placenta completely or partially covers the cervix. It can cause bleeding during pregnancy, as well as serious complications—like hemorrhage or preterm birth—that would be difficult to navigate in an unfamiliar location.

Additionally, traveling is a risk factor for blood clots, according to the CDC—and pregnant people already have a heightened chance of developing them. Certain conditions and disorders may increase the risk of blood clots too much for long road trips.

2. Plan for Your Second Trimester

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) says the ideal time to travel is during the second trimester, between 14 and 28 weeks. "During these weeks, your energy has returned, morning sickness is improved or gone, and you are still able to get around easily," recommends the organization. "After 28 weeks, it may be harder to move around or sit for a long time."

Not only is the middle of the pregnancy when pregnant people will likely feel the best, but it also carries a lower risk of any complications.

3. Prepare for the Pregnancy Road Trip

Advanced planning can make any road trip easier. This includes thoughtful packing like easy-to-change clothing if you get too hot or too cold and taking healthy foods, snacks, and drinks. Also, make sure your route is accurate to avoid delays and check for safe places to stop.

4. Drink Enough Water

There's a link between dehydration and uterine contractions, so keeping on top of water intake is crucial, says Dr. Gaither. Have a sufficient supply of water readily available in the car and make sure to drink even more if you've been sweating or exercising. Pregnant people should drink eight to 12 cups (or 64 to 96 ounces) of water each day, according to ACOG. This ensures healthy digestion, amniotic fluid formation, and nutrient circulation.

5. Bring Extra Medications or Supplements

Taking the proper medications and supplements while pregnant is imperative, and it's even more important on a road trip. Dr. Gaither says pregnant travelers will want to double-check that they've packed any medications and vitamins they need.

It's also important to bring extra, in case they're on the road longer than originally anticipated. Include over-the-counter medicines approved by your health care provider, so you'll have them if you need them. And, don't forget to pack your prenatal vitamin !

6. Always Wear a Seat Belt

Wearing a seat belt in a car is one of the most important car safety tips, especially when you're pregnant. The myth that a seat belt could harm the fetus is pure fiction, but there's a proper way to wear one if you're pregnant, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).

Pregnant people should wear the shoulder belt away from their neck and across their chest. The lap belt should be secured below the belly so it fits snugly. Pregnant people should also keep as much distance as possible between their belly and the steering wheel, while still ensuring they can reach the wheel and pedals. Additionally, the NHTSA recommends pregnant people don't disable the airbags.

7. Get Out and Stretch Often

Dr. Gaither says pregnant travelers should stop "at least every two hours" and get out of the car, stretch, and walk around. This increases blood flow to the lower body which helps prevent complications like deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the legs. These blood clots usually dissolve on their own. However, in rare cases, they can break off, travel to the lungs, and block blood flow. This potentially life-threatening condition is called a pulmonary embolism.

While the risk for DVT is low, it does increase with pregnancy. The CDC recommends knowing the signs of DVT, which include swelling and/or redness in the leg (or arm), unexplained pain or tenderness, and skin that feels warm when touched. Signs of a pulmonary embolism include difficulty breathing, fast or irregular heartbeat, and chest pain or discomfort.

8. Dress Comfortably

Being comfortable during pregnancy is key, and that's especially true during a road trip. Luckily, a few essentials can make the ride more relaxing—and safer. Non-medical compression socks or support hosiery may be a good idea to help support blood flow.

Other helpful travel accessories include a lumbar pillow, comfortable shoes, and a good water bottle (because hydration is key to a healthy pregnancy ). A cooler, sunglasses, and sunscreen also may be helpful. And, avoid wearing too-tight clothing and shoes.

9. Avoid Remote Locations

Nothing is stopping most pregnant people from traveling, but it's always smart to be mindful of where you're going. If possible, maintain a steady speed (instead of speeding up and slowing down) and avoid winding, hilly, bumpy roads, and frequent lane changes. Also, don't travel to extremely remote areas where medical care may be difficult to find in case of an emergency.

10. Have an Emergency Plan in Place

Pregnant travelers will want to have a plan in case any unexpected health concerns pop up, as they can happen quickly during pregnancy. If you don't have access to an electronic health record, take a copy of your medical record with you. If any problems do arise during a road trip, Dr. Gaither recommends pregnant people contact their health care provider and the nearest hospital for advice, evaluation, and possible treatment.

11. Relax and Have Fun

There are lots of things to take into consideration when planning a road trip while pregnant, but always remember to have fun! Advanced planning and a comfortable wardrobe will help make the trip easier. Plan a trip you're excited about and indulge in a little pre-baby R&R.

Pregnant Travelers . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . 2022.

Blood Clots and Travel: What You Need to Know . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . 2023.

Travel During Pregnancy . American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists . 2023.

How Much Water Should I Drink During Pregnancy? . American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists . 2020.

If You're Pregnant: Seat Belt Recommendations for Drivers and Passengers . National Highway Traffic Safety Administration .

Related Articles

Pregnant? Read this before you travel.

English pdf icon [PDF – 9 MB]

CDC’s Response to ZIKA PREGNANT? READ THIS BEFORE YOU TRAVEL

What we know about Zika

• Zika can be passed from a pregnant woman to her fetus.
• Infection during pregnancy can cause certain birth defects.
• These mosquitoes are aggressive daytime biters. They can also bite at night.
• The large outbreak in the Americas is over, but Zika continues to be a potential risk in many countries in the Americas and around the world.
• There is no vaccine to prevent or medicine to treat Zika.
• Zika can be passed through sex from a person who has Zika to his or her sex partners.

What we don’t know about Zika

• If there’s a safe time during your pregnancy to travel to an area with risk of Zika.
• How likely it is that Zika will pass to your fetus.
• Whether your baby will have birth defects.

Symptoms of Zika

Many people won’t have symptoms or even know they are infected with the virus. The illness is usually mild with symptoms lasting for several days to a week.

The most common symptoms of Zika are

• Muscle pain

Travel Notice

CDC has issued a travel notice (Level 2-Practice Enhanced Precautions) for people traveling to areas with a Zika outbreak.

For a current list of places with risk of Zika virus, see CDC’s Travel Health website: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/zika-information

Zika can also be sexually transmitted from an infected person to his or her male or female partners, so travelers should use condoms.

• Do not travel to areas with a Zika outbreak (red areas on the Zika map ). Before travel to other areas with risk of Zika (purple areas on the Zika map), pregnant women should talk with their doctors and carefully consider risks and possible consequences of travel.
• If you must travel to these areas, talk to your doctor first and strictly follow steps to prevent mosquito bites during your trip.
• If you have a partner who lives in or has traveled to an area with risk of Zika, either use condoms the right way every time you have vaginal, oral, or anal sex, or do not have sex during the pregnancy.

Trying to become pregnant?

• Before you travel to areas with a Zika outbreak (red areas on the Zika map) or other areas with risk of Zika (purple areas on the Zika map), talk to your doctor about your plans to become pregnant and the potential risks and possible consequences of travel.
• Strictly follow steps to prevent mosquito bites and sexual transmission during your trip.

Before you travel, check the CDC travel website frequently for the most up-to-date recommendations. http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/Travel

Your Best Protection: Prevent Mosquito Bites

When used as directed, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-registered insect repellents are proven safe and effective even for pregnant and breastfeeding women.

• Wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants.
• Treated clothing remains protective after multiple washings. See product information to learn how long the protection will last.
• If treating items yourself, follow the product instructions carefully.
• Do NOT use permethrin products directly on skin. They are intended to treat clothing.

Indoor Protection

• Stay in places with air conditioning or that use window and door screens to keep mosquitoes outside.
• Sleep under a mosquito bed net if air conditioned or screened rooms are not available or if sleeping outdoors.

Use Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-registered insect repellents. When used as directed, these insect repellents are safe and effective for pregnant and breastfeeding women.

• Always follow the product label instructions.
• Reapply as directed.
• Do not spray repellent on the skin under clothing.
• If you are also using sunscreen, apply sunscreen before applying insect repellent.
• Use a repellent with one of the following active ingredients: DEET, picaridin, IR3535, oil of lemon eucalyptus or para-menthane-diol, or 2-undecanone.

Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy

• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.
• Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.
• You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.
• CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.

What To Know About Rights As A Pregnant Airline Passenger

W hen it comes to traveling with an extra passenger in "uter-tow," there's a lot that passengers need to be aware of. With airlines cracking down more and more on what passengers can or cannot do on an aircraft, it's vital that you know your rights as a pregnant passenger before you take to the skies.

There are some more obvious pieces of advice, like pre-boarding if needed, as well as some lesser-considered advice, like needing health certificates in order to fly. Particularly if you've never flown as a pregnant person, these are essential tips — especially since you aren't allowed to fly at a certain point in your pregnancy unless you have the okay from a doctor.

Never forget that if you are traveling for work, you can always refuse to fly. Business-minded folks sometimes forget that pregnancy is a life-altering situation long before the baby enters the world. So if you aren't comfortable flying, or if flying is just a really uncomfortable time for you, feel free to use that magic word.

Read more: Tips For Making Road Trips With Your Newborn Less Stressful

You Can Opt Out Of TSA Scanners

The TSA assures pregnant passengers that whole-body scanners are safe for fetuses. These security scanners do not use X-ray technology, so you don't need to be overly cautious when approaching them. All the same, many pregnant folks aren't comfortable using them, and that's totally okay — you do not have to go into a scanner. You can always opt out and ask for a pat-down instead.

Regular metal detectors and handheld scanners at airports are also safe for pregnant people to use as well. You can still ask for a physical pat-down instead of these options too. Don't forget that you can ask for privacy if you're uncomfortable doing the pat-down in public. Although TSA can be intimidating, the staff do want you to be as comfortable as you can be, particularly if you're doing what you think is best for your mini fellow traveler.

Pre-Board If You Need More Time

When planes begin boarding, the pre-boarding announcement for folks who need more time to get to their seats can apply to you as a pregnant passenger. Feel free to pre-board if you need some extra time to settle in. Or you could board at the last minute to let yourself walk around as much as possible to reduce any leg swelling.

Remember that unless you have small children with you, you may not be able to pre-board with your partner. You may be able to pre-board with your partner; however, most airlines will only let the individual who needs the pre-boarding accommodation board unless they need that second individual to come along.

Pre-boarding is also a good idea if you are alone and may need assistance with your carry-on luggage. Your ever-attentive flight crew will be happy to help hoist a bag into the overhead bin or help get you comfortably seated. The rush to get your stuff stowed and be seated during boarding is hectic enough without considering a pregnant belly and the restrictions it brings.

Most Airlines Allow Up To 36 Weeks Of Gestation

Every airline can have its own standard for when pregnant women are no longer permitted to fly or need medical clearance before doing so. However, the general rule of thumb is up to 36 weeks pregnant. Passengers over 36 weeks pregnant could risk adverse effects if they fly too far into their pregnancy.

Not every pregnant person is cleared to fly at every stage of pregnancy, either. If you have any medical conditions that are exacerbated by flying, it's a good idea to try and avoid air travel during your pregnancy for your safety as well as that of your fetus(es). Avoiding air travel is particularly important for anyone with a history of pregnancy-induced blood pressure issues.

When flying, regardless of how far along you are, you also want to try and keep your seatbelt on at all times. Because turbulence is unpredictable, it's better to be safe than sorry with a tagalong passenger. To safely wear the belt, you want it below your belly.

You May Need Documentation

Although the general rule is to allow passengers up to 36 weeks pregnant for single babies and 32 weeks for multiples, they will likely need proper documentation. To be on the safe side, you should bring proof of your gestational age any time you travel. Let's be honest: It can be really difficult, if not impossible, to pinpoint the pregnancy range of a stranger.

When you're in your last trimester of pregnancy, you're going to need a medical information form (MEDIF) in order to fly. This document can be obtained within 10 days of your flight and submitted to your airline before flying. Give your airline at least 48 hours with your document before check-in.

You can also have a Doctor's Diagnostic Statement confirming that you are fit to fly before air travel. This document verifies your due date and will help prevent you from being denied boarding the aircraft or even being denied entry to another country if you are traveling internationally. Destination countries have different standards for pregnant travelers, so be sure to check with local requirements before going abroad.

Ask For What You Need On Board

Every pregnancy is different for everyone. Airlines will do their best to accommodate what you need for your comfort and safety on the plane. Do you need a seatbelt extender or extra sick bags? Don't be afraid to advocate for yourself when in the sky or as you board. Remember our advice about wearing the belt below your belly even if you don't think you'll need a seatbelt extender. That may change how much belt length you need.

That also extends to your fellow passengers. While you can't force anyone to help you out or do you a favor, it doesn't hurt to ask. Are you feeling more nauseous than usual and want to be closer to the bathroom? Ask your rowmate at the end if they're willing to switch places with you. Need help taking your bag out of the overhead bin or getting it up there? Ask a fellow passenger if they're able to help you. Although the internet captures some bizarre in-flight meltdowns , the average passenger is still more caring than the web gives them credit for.

You May Get Upgraded (But Don't Assume You Will)

Airline status or not, pregnant folks are more likely to get upgraded when airlines are making choices about free in-flight upgrades . While this is a courtesy that can happen, don't assume it will happen for you when you fly. That said, you're more likely to get upgraded when you have a higher airline loyalty status than if you aren't part of their program at all.

If you don't want to take the chance of hoping you'll be upgraded, you can try to get an upgrade strategically. Keep an eye on seat upgrade prices which can sometimes dip after purchase, or even changing flights can offer a free or deeply discounted seat in a higher fare class.

An upgrade can also be as simple as getting a better seat. Economy plus seats, for example, do offer a bit more room than traditional economy seating. Getting moved to that part of the plane will still be more comfortable than a standard seat, so that is an upgrade even if you don't get bumped from economy to first class.

Read the original article on Explore

• Skip to main content
• Skip to site information

Language selection

Help us to improve our website. Take our survey !

Travelling while pregnant

Find useful information and considerations to help you prepare for safe and healthy travels outside Canada while pregnant.

With careful preparation, travelling while pregnant can be safe. The decision to travel should be made in consultation with your health care professional, based on your personal health circumstances.

On this page

Before you go, while you're away, if you need help.

Medical practices, health standards and infection control measures vary from country to country. You may not have access to the same level of care, procedures, treatments and medications as you would in Canada.

You could also be at increased risk of getting an infection and/or developing severe complications from certain infections, which could also affect the fetus.

Before leaving Canada:

• consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic at least 6 weeks before travelling to get personalized health advice and recommendations
• check our Travel Advice and Advisories for country-specific information, including about possible health risks
• know how to seek medical assistance outside of Canada
• review the policy and the coverage it provides
• most policies do not automatically cover pregnancy-related conditions or hospital care for premature infants
• ask your insurance provider about coverage for medical care during pregnancy, giving birth and intensive care for you and your fetus or newborn
• carry a copy of your prenatal records
• talk to your health care professional about any additional items you may want to bring that are specific to your health needs

Local laws and medical services relating to pregnancy can differ from Canada. Learn the local laws, and how these may apply to you before you travel.

Pre-travel vaccines and medications

Many vaccines can be safely given during pregnancy. Due to a higher risk of more severe outcomes for you and your fetus, some vaccines are recommended specifically during pregnancy, such as tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (DTaP) and influenza.

Don’t take medications you may still have from prior trips. Tell the health care professional about your pregnancy, or intended pregnancy, before filling any prescriptions. The decision to get any pre-travel vaccinations or medications should be discussed with your health care professional.

The decision can depend on:

• your purpose of travel (e.g., tourism, visiting friends and relatives)
• your planned destination(s)
• the length of your trip
• your risk of getting a disease
• how severe the effect of a disease would be to you and/or your fetus
• your planned activities
• any underlying medical issues and/or pregnancy-related complications

Malaria could cause major health problems for a mother and her unborn baby. A pregnant woman may want to consider avoiding travel to areas where malaria transmission occurs.

Description of malaria risk by country and preventative measures.

If you can’t avoid travelling to an area where malaria is present:

• some medications to prevent or treat malaria may not be safe during pregnancy
• take extra care to protect yourself from mosquito bites

Zika virus infection during pregnancy can pose significant risks to your fetus even if you don’t develop symptoms. While pregnant, you may want to consider avoiding travelling to a country or areas with risk of Zika virus.

Latest travel health advice on Zika virus.

If you choose to travel, take precautions to avoid infection with Zika virus:

• prevent mosquito bites at all times
• protect yourself from contact with semen, vaginal fluid and blood
• always use condoms correctly or avoid sexual contact while in countries or areas with risk of Zika virus

Learn more about Zika virus and pregnancy:

• Zika virus: Pregnant or planning a pregnancy
• Zika virus: Advice for travellers
• Pregnancy and travel (tropical medicine and travel)

Monitor your health and be prepared

Emergencies can happen at any time. Know where the nearest hospital or medical centre is while you are travelling and confirm they will accept your medical insurance.

Seek medical attention immediately if you develop any of the following symptoms while travelling:

• persistent vomiting and/or diarrhea
• dehydration
• vaginal bleeding
• passing tissue or clots
• abdominal pain, cramps or contractions
• your water breaks
• excessive swelling of face, hands or legs
• excessive leg pain
• severe headaches
• visual problems

If you develop these symptoms after your return to Canada, you should see a health care professional immediately and tell them about your recent trip.

Transportation

Always wear a seatbelt when travelling by plane or car. When using a diagonal shoulder strap with a lap belt, the straps should be placed carefully above and below your abdomen. If only a lap belt is available, fasten it at the pelvic area, below your abdomen.

If you have any medical or pregnancy-related complications, discuss with your health care professional whether air travel is safe for you.

Most airlines restrict travel in late pregnancy or may require a written confirmation from a physician. Check this with the airline before booking your flight.

During long flights, you may be at higher risk of developing blood clots, known as deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The risk of deep vein thrombosis can be reduced by:

• getting up and walking around occasionally
• exercising and stretching your legs while seated
• selecting an aisle seat when possible
• wearing comfortable shoes and loose clothing

Your health care professional may recommend additional ways to reduce your risk such as wearing compression stockings.

Always stay well hydrated while travelling.

Land travel

The risk of deep vein thrombosis can be reduced by:

• stopping the vehicle to walk around every couple of hours

Motion sickness

Certain medications used to treat nausea and vomiting during pregnancy may also be effective in relieving motion sickness.

If you think you might experience motion sickness during your trip, speak to your health care professional about the use of these medications.

Environmental and recreational risks

Some activities may not be recommended or may require additional precautions. Discuss your travel plans, including any planned or potential recreational activities with a health care professional.

High altitude

You should avoid travelling to an altitude above 3,658 metres (12,000 feet).

However, if you have a high-risk pregnancy and/or are in the late stages of pregnancy, the highest altitude should be 2,500 metres (8,200 feet).

If you have pregnancy-related complications, you should avoid unnecessary high-altitude exposure.

Keep in mind that most high-altitude destinations are far from medical care services.

Personal protective measures

Food-borne and water-borne diseases.

Eat and drink safely while travelling while travelling. Many food-borne and water-borne illnesses can be more severe during pregnancy and pose a risk to the fetus.

This can include:

• toxoplasmosis
• listeriosis
• hepatitis A and E

To help avoid food-borne and water-borne diseases:

• before eating or preparing food
• after using the bathroom or changing diapers
• after contact with animals or sick people
• before and after touching raw meat, poultry, fish and seafood
• if you’re at a destination that lacks proper sanitation and/or access to clean drinking water, only drink water if it has been boiled or disinfected or if it’s in a commercially sealed bottle
• use ice made only from purified or disinfected water
• this could cause the fetus or newborn to develop thyroid problems
• unpasteurized dairy products, such as raw milk and raw milk soft cheeses
• unpasteurized juice and cider
• raw or undercooked eggs, meat or fish, including shellfish
• raw sprouts
• non-dried deli meats, including bologna, roast beef and turkey breast
• don’t use bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol®)
• Information on travellers’ diarrhea

Illnesses acquired from insect and other animals

Protect yourself from insect bites:

• wear light-coloured, loose clothes made of tightly woven materials such as nylon or polyester
• prevent mosquitoes from entering your living area with screening and/or closed, well-sealed doors and windows
• use insecticide-treated bed nets if mosquitoes can’t be prevented from entering your living area
• information on insect bite and pest prevention

Some infections, such as rabies and influenza, can be shared between humans and animals. You should avoid contact with animals including dogs, livestock (pigs, cows), monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats.

Information for if you become sick or injured while travelling outside Canada.

For help with emergencies outside Canada, contact the:

• nearest Canadian office abroad
• Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa

More information on services available at consular offices outside Canada.

Related links

• Immunization in pregnancy and breastfeeding: Canadian Immunization Guide
• Advice for Canadians travelling to Zika-affected countries
• Advice for women travellers
• If you get sick before or after returning to Canada
• Receiving medical care in other countries
• Travel vaccinations
• What you can bring on a plane

Ready Steady Baby

Travelling when pregnant.

Whether you’re doing short journeys in the car or getting on a plane for a holiday abroad, it’s important to take extra care of yourself when you’re pregnant. Making a few small changes and planning ahead will help to make sure you have a comfortable and safe journey.

Wherever you’re going, it’s a good idea to take your maternity notes with you in case you need medical help.

It’s fine to drive or be a passenger in a car while you’re pregnant.

It’s important to wear a seat belt as you normally would. Make sure the straps don’t go over your bump by:

• placing the lap strap across your hips so it fits comfortably under your bump
• placing the diagonal strap between your breasts and around your bump

Take regular breaks when driving and make sure you bring some water and snacks with you for the journey.

Going on holiday or abroad

If you’re planning a holiday, seek health advice as early as possible.

You should give some thought to where you want to go as:

• the things you may normally love, like hot sunny weather, may not be a great idea if you’re uncomfortable or finding it hard to sleep
• you shouldn’t travel to areas where there’s malaria or the Zika virus if you can avoid it

You should also consider the quality of medical care in the country you plan to visit.

Fitfortravel has more advice for pregnant travellers

Staying safe on holiday

Activities like walking and swimming are fine while you’re pregnant, but it’s not a good idea to do any activity where you might fall.

Take care to avoid coming into contact with water or food that could cause tummy upsets. Some medicines for treating diarrhoea may not be suitable in pregnancy.

Talk to your midwife if you have questions.

Travel vaccinations

You’ll need vaccinations before you travel to certain countries.

There are some vaccinations you shouldn’t have when you’re pregnant, especially in the first 3 months, so always check before you book anything.

Find out which travel vaccinations you might need

Travel insurance

Before you travel, you’ll need special travel insurance that:

• covers any medical costs
• allows you to cancel for any issues with your pregnancy

If you don’t tell your insurer you’re pregnant before you travel, your insurance may not be valid.

If you’re travelling in Europe, the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) may allow you to use the health services in these countries.

Apply for a European Health Insurance Card

Flying while pregnant

Air travel is generally safe if you’re having an uncomplicated pregnancy.

If you have any pregnancy complications, check with your midwife or GP that there’s no medical reason to stop you flying, such as high blood pressure or a risk of deep vein thrombosis .

Most airlines won’t let you fly if you’re within about a month of your due date. Some will need a letter from your GP or midwife saying you’re fit to fly when you’re 7 months pregnant. Check with the airline before you book.

Having a comfortable flight

When travelling by plane:

• drink plenty of water as you’re much more likely to get dehydration while flying.
• take healthy snacks with you so you can follow your own eating plan
• take whatever makes you more comfortable, such as an extra pillow or warm socks

Be aware it may take you a bit longer than before to recover from jet lag.

Deep vein thrombosis

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot in a deep vein in your leg, calf or pelvis.

You’re more likely to get DVT if:

• you sit for long periods of time
• do very little activity

If you’re travelling on a long-distance flight or sitting for 4 hours or more, talk to your midwife as you may need medication. F ollow your midwife or doctor’s advice.

More about deep vein thrombosis

Further information, other languages and alternative formats

Translations and alternative formats of this information are available from   Public Health Scotland .

If you need a different language or format, please contact [email protected].

• Ready Steady Baby leaflet in Arabic, Polish, Simplified Chinese (Mandarin) and Ukrainian
• Ready Steady Baby leaflet in English (Easy Read)

Source: Public Health Scotland - Opens in new browser window

Last updated: 14 December 2023

Help us improve NHS inform

Your feedback has been received

Don’t include personal information e.g. name, location or any personal health conditions.

Also on NHS inform

• Travel health and vaccinations

Other health sites

• fitfortravel: Advice for pregnant women
• Institute for Health Visiting: Travelling with your baby

• Disabled Living Foundation (DLF)
• Rica: consumer research charity
• Health & Care Professions Council (HCPC)

Pregnancy and travel

Actions for this page.

• If you are pregnant, the safest time for you to travel is during the second trimester, provided you aren’t experiencing any complications.
• If you are pregnant and considering travel, you must consult with your doctor, especially if your pregnancy is high risk.
• Avoid travelling to developing nations during pregnancy.
• Be wary of taking medications of any kind, including those commonly used to treat traveller’s diarrhoea.

On this page

About pregnancy and travel, high-risk pregnancies and travel, travel immunisation warnings for pregnant women, travel and the risk of malaria during pregnancy, risks of long-distance travel during pregnancy, air travel and pregnancy, car travel and pregnancy, heat and sun exposure and pregnancy, sporting activities and pregnancy, traveller’s diarrhoea and pregnancy, medications to avoid during pregnancy, where to get help.

If you are pregnant, the safest time for you to travel, generally speaking, is during the second trimester, provided you aren’t experiencing any complications. If you are pregnant and considering travel, you must consult with your doctor, especially if your pregnancy is high risk. Consider the standard of medical care at your chosen destination, just in case you need help.

Some countries have reciprocal healthcare arrangements with Australia – check with Medicare. Travelling to developing nations is not encouraged during pregnancy for various reasons, including the risk of disease and the lower standard of medical facilities compared to Australia.

Pregnant women experiencing complications are advised not to travel. Some complications include:

• cervical problems, such as 'incompetent cervix'
• vaginal bleeding
• multiple pregnancy
• gestational diabetes, past or present
• high blood pressure, past or present
• pre-eclampsia (a toxic condition sometimes occurring in pregnancy), past or present
• abnormalities of the placenta, past or present
• prior miscarriage
• prior ectopic pregnancy (a pregnancy that develops outside the womb)
• prior premature labour.

If you are aged 35 years or over and pregnant for the first time, you are also advised not to travel.

Travellers to most developing nations need to be immunised against diseases such as typhoid. Most vaccines are either dangerous to unborn babies or haven't been adequately tested for safety on pregnant women.

The important exception to this is the influenza vaccine, which can be safely given during pregnancy. It is strongly recommended for all pregnant women, as influenza in pregnancy can be a very serious illness. Generally, all live virus vaccines (such as mumps and measles) should be avoided during pregnancy.

Some vaccines, such as for yellow fever, may cautiously be given after the first trimester. Be advised by your doctor. It is recommended that pregnant women delay any travel to developing nations until after their babies are born.

Malaria is an infection carried by particular species of mosquito. A pregnant woman who catches malaria risks miscarriage, premature labour and stillbirth. Some antimalarial drugs (such as chloroquine) are considered safe to take during pregnancy, but others (such as doxycycline) are potentially harmful to the unborn baby. It is recommended that pregnant women avoid travelling to areas where malaria is present.

Long periods of not moving during car, bus, rail and air travel increases the risk of clots forming in the deep veins of the leg, known as deep vein thrombosis (DVT). These clots can circulate and lodge in parts of the body such as the lungs.

The risk of DVT is increased in pregnancy if:

• you had a DVT in the past
• you weigh more than 100 kg
• you have a multiple pregnancy
• a family member has had a DVT.

One in 1,000 pregnant women will develop DVT. Research indicates the risk of DVT can increase by two or three times in a long-distance flight.

There is no research-based advice on travel for pregnant women. However, if you choose to travel long distances, you should:

• Do frequent leg exercises.
• Walk regularly (in the case of air travel, walk around the aircraft cabin if the flight is smooth).
• Avoid dehydration by drinking plenty of water.
• Minimise alcohol and caffeine intake.

If you have an increased risk of DVT, you are advised to:

• Discuss travel plans with your doctor.
• Wear well-fitting elastic below-knee compression stockings during the journey.
• Receive heparin injections before and after any journey longer than four hours.

Before you decide to travel by plane:

• Discuss any potential risks particular to your pregnancy with your doctor. For example, a woman with gestational diabetes or a multiple pregnancy is generally advised not to fly.
• Be aware that air travel in the last six weeks of pregnancy could trigger premature labour.
• Check with the airline – some airlines won't allow a woman over 35 weeks to fly at all, or they require a doctor’s note.
• Check the fine print of your travel insurance – some policies may not cover pregnancy.
• Arrange with the airline for a bulkhead seat or a seat near an exit for extra leg room.
• Consider booking an aisle seat – going to the toilet will be a little easier.

Before you leave, discuss with your doctor whether you need to travel with a medical kit. Remember to pack this kit in your carry-on luggage so you can access it during the flight.

Items your medical kit could contain:

• preparations to help you treat common pregnancy complaints such as heartburn, thrush, constipation and haemorrhoids
• oral rehydration preparations in case of traveller’s diarrhoea
• multivitamins formulated for pregnant women
• urine dipsticks to check glucose levels (if required).

During the flight:

• Wear your seatbelt under your bump and across your lap.
• Stretch and move your legs regularly while seated. Consider wearing support stockings for the duration of the flight. A pregnant woman's circulation is already under strain – the lower cabin pressure inside a plane can theoretically increase the risk of blood clots.
• Drink plenty of water to reduce the risk of dehydration. Keeping up your fluid intake will also reduce the risk of DVT.
• If the flight is smooth, walk up and down the aisles every half hour.
• If the flight has turbulence, stay in your seat, but flex and extend your ankles frequently.
• If you are feeling short of breath or light-headed, ask one of the flight attendants to give you breathing oxygen.

If travelling by car:

• Make frequent breaks to stretch your legs and visit the toilet.
• Always wear a seatbelt. Fasten the lap sash across your lap and under your bump, fit the shoulder sash above your bump and between your breasts.
• Avoid wearing the lap sash across your bump as a sudden jolt could cause your placenta to separate from your uterus.
• If you are sitting in the front passenger seat, move your seat well back from the dashboard to reduce airbag impact in case of a collision.
• If you are driving, have your seat as far back from the steering wheel as possible, while still being able to drive safely and comfortably. It may help to tilt the steering wheel downwards, away from your belly.
• If you are involved in a collision, however minor, see your doctor.
• If you have contractions, pain or bleeding after an accident, see a doctor as soon as possible. Let them know if you have a rhesus negative External Link blood group, as you may need to have an anti-D injection.
• Consider joining a roadside assistance program that can help you in case of a breakdown, and always carry a mobile phone.

If travelling in hot weather:

• Carry a water bottle with you and drink water frequently.
• Stay in the shade or inside during the hottest part of the day.
• Protect your skin by wearing loose-fitting clothing, a hat and sunscreen.
• Avoid rushing or overexertion – plan your activities and give yourself plenty of time.

Overheating during pregnancy

If you feel weak and dizzy, light-headed or even slightly nauseous, it may be a sign that you are overheating and dehydrated. Remember:

• to seek shade or go inside, drink a glass of cool water and lie down
• to bring down your temperature by using a fan, placing a cool, wet cloth on your forehead and the back of your neck, or running cool water over your wrists.
• that dizziness may also indicate a drop in blood sugar, so have a light snack such as a banana or a piece of toast.

Certain sporting activities carry an increased risk to your unborn baby. Activities to avoid include:

• Water-skiing – coming off the skis could force water into the vagina.
• Scuba diving – the changes in blood gases may harm your baby. Snorkelling is fine and scuba diving to depths of less than 18 metres (60 feet) is reasonably safe, but check with your doctor first.
• Saunas and hot tubs – raising your body temperature can harm your baby.
• Horseback riding – the motion of horseback riding carries a risk of placental abruption (separating the placenta from the uterus). Falling from or being kicked by a horse carries a high risk of trauma to your baby, or even death.
• High-altitude activities such as mountain climbing – at heights over 3,000 metres, the oxygen level in the air is low. This reduces the oxygen available to your baby. Pregnant women are also more vulnerable to developing altitude sickness.

Be careful to avoid food poisoning, as certain infections can harm the baby or trigger miscarriage. Remember to:

• Avoid food buffets, seafood, undercooked meats, soft cheeses and p â t é s.
• Wash your hands thoroughly after going to the toilet, before preparing food and before eating.
• In developing nations, only eat fruit that you have peeled yourself. Avoid leafy greens and salads because they could have been washed in contaminated water.
• Drink bottled water if you are unsure of the water supply. Use bottled water when brushing your teeth. Make sure that all eating utensils are thoroughly dried after washing.
• If you must use the local water, boil the water thoroughly for five minutes before using.
• Avoid treating unsafe water with iodine. If consumed over a few weeks, iodine can cause your unborn baby to develop a goitre (enlarged thyroid gland).

Pregnant women should be wary of taking medications of any kind. Some medications can pass to the baby through the placenta and cause birth defects or miscarriage.

• Avoid taking any over-the-counter medication unless advised by your doctor, who knows you are pregnant.
• Medications that are commonly used to treat traveller’s diarrhoea are dangerous during pregnancy.
• Avoid alcohol.
• Avoid using 'social' or 'recreational' drugs.
• Your GP (doctor)
• NURSE-ON-CALL Tel. 1300 60 60 24 – for expert health information and advice (24 hours, 7 days)
• Getting there by car External Link , babycenter.com.au.
• Pregnancy and overheating External Link , netdoctor.
• ‘ Influenza External Link ’, The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th Edition 2013, Australian Government Department of Health.
• Reyes N, Grosse S, Grant A, Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism External Link , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:

Give feedback about this page

More information, related information.

In Victoria, you can have two types of abortion: surgical and medication. Both types are safe and reliable. You can have a medication abortion up to nine weeks of pregnancy. You can have a surgical abortion from around six weeks of pregnancy onwards.

There’s no safe level of alcohol use during pregnancy. It’s safest to not drink at all during pregnancy, when trying to conceive, and while breastfeeding.

Learn all about alcohol - includes standard drink size, health risks and effects, how to keep track of your drinking, binge drinking, how long it takes to leave the body, tips to lower intake.

Being young and fit doesn't reduce your risk of altitude sickness.

Pregnant women with asthma need to continue to take their asthma medication as it is important to the health of both mother and baby that the mother's asthma is under control.

From other websites

• External Link Can I have travel vaccinations during pregnancy?
• External Link Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
• External Link Travel and pregnancy
• External Link Travel in pregnancy
• External Link Travellers’ health – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Content disclaimer

Content on this website is provided for information purposes only. Information about a therapy, service, product or treatment does not in any way endorse or support such therapy, service, product or treatment and is not intended to replace advice from your doctor or other registered health professional. The information and materials contained on this website are not intended to constitute a comprehensive guide concerning all aspects of the therapy, product or treatment described on the website. All users are urged to always seek advice from a registered health care professional for diagnosis and answers to their medical questions and to ascertain whether the particular therapy, service, product or treatment described on the website is suitable in their circumstances. The State of Victoria and the Department of Health shall not bear any liability for reliance by any user on the materials contained on this website.

13 weeks! How are you feeling?

You May Also Like

Planning visitors during hospital stay, you’re pregnant how these moms reacted, jump to your week of pregnancy, trending on what to expect, moms share home remedies for pregnancy morning sickness, 8 expensive products moms say are worth the money, ⚠️ you can't see this cool content because you have ad block enabled., 14 moms on what labor really feels like, what are your go-to healthy snacks, things they don't tell you about: mom edition, pregnancy brain moments let's have a laugh, help keep our community safe, to create a safe place, please, on our end, we will.

Florida abortion clinics and funds face uncertain future on eve of six-week ban

• Medium Text

CASH CRUNCH

Sign up here.

Reporting by Gabriella Borter and Joseph Ax; editing by Paul Thomasch and Bill Berkrot

Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles. New Tab , opens new tab

Thomson Reuters

Gabriella Borter is a reporter on the U.S. National Affairs team, covering cultural and political issues as well as breaking news. She has won two Front Page Awards from the Newswomen’s Club of New York - in 2020 for her beat reporting on healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, and in 2019 for her spot story on the firing of the police officer who killed Eric Garner. The latter was also a Deadline Club Awards finalist. She holds a B.A. in English from Yale University and joined Reuters in 2017.

World Chevron

China, US to hold climate meetings in Washington in May

U.S. climate change diplomat John Podesta will meet his Chinese counterpart Liu Zhenmin in Washington in May, resuming bilateral talks on climate cooperation amid simmering tensions over trade and security, the Biden administration and Chinese officials said.

Panama's top court kicked off an extraordinary meeting on Tuesday to decide on the constitutionality of the presidential candidacy of the former running mate of ex-President Ricardo Martinelli, just days before the election.

Recommended

• Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)
• Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)
• Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)
• Click to copy URL

How ‘American Idol’ honored Mandisa after Season 5 contestant’s death at 47

• View Author Archive
• Follow on Twitter
• Get author RSS feed

Thanks for contacting us. We've received your submission.

“American Idol” paid tribute to Season 5 contestant Mandisa after her unexpected death at age 47.

Former contestants Melinda Doolittle, Colton Dixon and Danny Gokey returned to the show on Monday night to perform a rendition of “Shackles (Praise You)” by Mary Mary, which was the first song Mandisa sang on the “Idol” stage in 2006.

The trio discussed the significance of the gospel tune, with Dixon telling host Ryan Seacrest that it summed up the late Christian singer’s life.

“I think she came in praisin’ and she left praisin’,” he said, “but our loss is heaven’s gain.”

Christian rock radio station K-Love announced on April 19 that Mandisa had died at home in Nashville. No cause of death had been given, though the station’s chief media officer, David Pierce, said the “Overcomer” singer’s struggles had ended with her death.

“Mandisa struggled, and she was vulnerable enough to share that with us, which helped us talk about our own struggles,” he shared in a statement.

“Mandisa’s struggles are over. She is with the God she sang about now. While we are saddened, Mandisa is home. We’re praying for Mandisa’s family and friends and ask you to join us.”

Born and raised in California, Mandisa Lynn Hundley detailed in her 2022 memoir, “Out of the Dark,” the trauma she faced after being raped as a teenager.

She later revealed that her friends’ support and a staged intervention had stopped her from attempting suicide.

“In the same way that if you have a physical ailment, you would go and see a doctor, I’ve come to appreciate counselors,” she shared at the time.

“These are professionals to help you deal with some things that are easy to sweep under the rug. So, through my counseling journey, which has continued, it’s helping me to talk about difficult issues … that I’m forcing myself to face.”

If you or someone you know is affected by any of the issues raised in this story, call or text the Suicide & Crisis Lifeline at 988.

Share this article:

Advertisement

Leaders obsessed with race. Pregnant 21-year-old's shooting death was about her behavior.

Ta’Kiya Young's death the result of her actions

Two things have nothing to do with the Aug. 24, 2023, Blendon Twp. shooting of 21-year-old Ta’Kiya Young: The suspect’s race and pregnancy.

Young was accused of stealing liquor from Kroger.

She got into a car, which did not have license plates and was illegally parked in a handicap spot.

A Kroger employee alerted police, who were required to approach Young and detain her. Officers repeatedly asked Young to get out of the car. The law requires Young to comply, but she refused to do so over a dozen times.

More: Supreme Court orders Blendon Twp. to give justices records in fatal Ta'Kiya Young shooting

Released video showed police officers doing their job. It shows Young refusing to comply with officers, then knowingly and purposefully driving forward, hitting another police officer, lifting him off the ground. Clearly, Young would have run the officer down.

Our community would be much better served by leaders who based their decisions more on a person’s behavior than their race.

Violent and/or non-compliant behavior, directed at police officers, will almost always end badly for the person involved. Our leaders should become less concerned with a person’s color and more concerned with their behavior.

Carmen Sauer, Columbus

If you are tired of evil vote Trump

I am responding to the April 14 letter to the editor "Thinking People Must Vote" by Jeanette Ballantyne of Akron.

Believe me I am thinking and asking the following questions:

Are our borders secure? No. Millions of illegal immigrants have entered. Millions.

I want to protect the unborn . Do you?

Donald Trump a juggernaut of chaos. Will thinking people stand up?

I want our police to protect our cities which means there will be law and order. There are no consequences for those who break the law. I am voting for good versus evil.

What about inflation?  Food prices have increased as well as our gas prices at the pump.

How about the Second Amendment and the right to bear arms?

Ask yourself are you better off now than four years ago? If you are thinking, the answer is simple and clear.If you are thinking, how could you/would you vote for a declining president who needs help to get off the stage or who needs three-by-five cards to help him remember or answer questions?

Are you watching CNN or MSNBC?

This land of ours was founded on Godly principles by religious men who were thinking by the people, for the people; not big government, lying and power-hungry Democrats.

Last but not least, I am not only thinking, I am praying for a country that stands up for the rights of the people.Trump voters are thinking and voting in November.

Jo Simmons, Delaware

Require solar panels

News reports suggest yet more agricultural land in Ohio is being bought up for conversion into solar panel farms.

It is unbelievable that no one seems to have figured that distribution centers built almost exclusively on farmland have flat roofs that are ideal for arrays of solar panels.

Existing distribution centers and those in the planning stage should be required to install solar panels on their flat roofs, thus saving valuable farmland.

David Elliot, Columbus

What do you think? How to submit a letter to the editor for The Columbus Dispatch

Downtown rooftops and parking lots should go green

Downtown Columbus needs to be green. Columbus should lead the way for our country and our world by turning our city into a much more sustainable and natural place.

You may ask how we should do that.

The answer is by taking advantage of the unused space in our city. 

One way is through turning empty rooftops into rooftops with trees, plant and flowers. This will make our city much greener and more beautiful. It also will reduce our carbon imprint because the plants can suck in the carbon dioxide.

Another way is through repurposing empty parking lots.

You may not think that there are many unused parking lots in the city, but I once watched a video that said that over half of America’s parking lots are unused or mostly vacant. When you think about it most parking lots are only used for a couple of hours a day or sometimes only once a year.

An example is the parking lot between Mapfre Stadium and the Ohio State Fair. This place that is only used for a very short part of the year could have hundreds of solar panels that would only be needed to move for a couple of weeks and then could be replaced. This could produce enough energy to power thousands of homes in the city.

Joe Baylis, Bexley

We can't be silent in face of World War 3

As an Ahmadi Muslim living in Columbus, my faith teaches me to speak truthfully and courageously before my leaders, especially those who are hardhearted, unjust and cruel.

This is in fact the greatest form of ‘Jihad’ as stated by the Holy Prophet of Islam, Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).

The world was silent when Israel attacked the Iranian embassy in Syria. The world is silent only because Israel was the perpetrator; however, we now see, this is causing the war to spread further.

The world was also silent when tens of thousands of Palestinians were killed. Voices have only started being raised when aid workers were killed.

Unfortunately, we are witnessing World War 3 unfold and expecting soft measures and silence to solve for the lack of justice.

However, to remain silent does not mean there is peace.

His Holiness Mirza Masroor Ahmad, the worldwide head of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, has repeatedly stated for the last decade-plus that to have peace we must have justice at every level of society. While Iran's retaliation on Israel is justified, Israel's attack on Iran was foolish.

Israel pulling Iran into this war will only pull in more nations. As distressing as this will be for the entire world, I encourage my neighbors to keep praying for justice and helping each other out as we must prepare for difficult days ahead.

Samar Ahmad, Columbus

• International

University protests

Trump's hush money trial

Supreme Court hears case about emergency abortion care

By CNN's Tierney Sneed, John Fritze, Hannah Rabinowitz, Jen Christensen and Holmes Lybrand

Key takeaways from today's Supreme Court oral arguments over emergency abortions

From CNN's Tierney Sneed and John Fritze

The Supreme Court heard oral arguments Wednesday on whether Idaho’s abortion ban can be enforced in medical emergencies, putting a spotlight on what has been one of the most politically explosive flashpoints in the aftermath of Roe v. Wade’s demise. 

Here are key takeaways from today's high-stakes hearing :

US solicitor general tailors her appeal to an abortion-hostile court as "narrow" circumstances of medical emergencies: US Solicitor General Elizabeth Prelogar said that there was a real conflict between Idaho’s law and the federal law, known as the Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA), but she painted it as a narrow one. She stressed that, in this case, the administration is not trying to interfere with Idaho’s overall ability to criminalize abortions outside of certain medical emergencies.

Idaho and its defenders argue that the Biden administration is trying to circumvent the Supreme Court’s 2022 ruling that let states prohibit abortion, and to rebut that argument, Prelogar described Idaho has an outlier among states that have banned the procedure.

Prelogar’s argument was met with deep skepticism from several of the court’s conservative justices, but others – including Chief Justice John Roberts and Amy Coney Barrett– asked probing questions of both sides. The court’s liberal wing, meanwhile, all signaled they would coalesce around the Biden administration.

Idaho attorney struggles with questions from female justices about serious pregnancy complications: Idaho’s attorney Joshua Turner was subjected to a brutal and extended line of questioning from the female justices of the court exploring how the state’s abortion ban plays out in medical emergencies – particularly in dire situations where a woman’s health is at risk but her life is not yet in danger.

Justice Sonia Sotomayor asked Turner point blank: “What you are saying is that there is no federal law on the book that prohibits any state from saying, even if a woman will die, you can’t perform an abortion?”

Justice Elena Kagan offered a hypothetical in which a woman was about to lose her reproductive organs due to a pregnancy complication. As Turner danced around the “difficult” and “tough” situation her question as posing, she pushed harder: “That would be a good response if federal law did not take a position on what you characterize as a ‘tough question.’”

Keep reading takeaways from the arguments.

Supreme Court justices appear divided on abortion case, with Roberts and Barrett emerging as key votes 

From CNN's Tierney Sneed

In a Supreme Court  hearing on the Biden administration’s challenge to aspects of Idaho’s strict abortion ban , US Solicitor General  Elizabeth Prelogar  sought to appeal to conservative justices who just two years ago ruled that states should have the ability to prohibit the procedure.

The dispute, stemming from the Justice Department’s marquee response to the high court’s reversal of Roe v. Wade in 2022, turns on whether federal mandates for hospital emergency room care override abortion bans that do not exempt situations where a woman’s health is in danger but her life is not yet threatened.

To prevail, the Biden administration will need the votes of two members of the court’s conservative bloc, and with Justice Brett Kavanaugh signaling sympathies toward Idaho, the case will likely come down to the votes of Chief Justice John Roberts and Amy Coney Barrett. The two justices had tough questions for both sides of the case.

The court’s far-right wing, perhaps in an attempt to keep those two justices on their side, framed the case as a federal overreach into state power. The court’s liberals, meanwhile, focused on the grisly details of medical emergencies faced by pregnant woman that were not covered by the limited life-of-the-woman exemption in Idaho’s ban.

Having access to safe abortion is critical for a safe health care system, doctor from rural Idaho says

From CNN's Maureen Chowdhury

Dr. Caitlin Gustafson, a family medicine physician from rural Idaho, said having access to safe abortions should be a standard of care in order to have a safe health care system.

Speaking to CNN right outside of the Supreme Court, Gustafson said that she has seen Idaho's health care system "fall apart" since the abortion ban went into effect.

"We have lost a multitude of providers, particularly my OB-GYN colleagues who cannot continue to have themselves in the position of trying to make these decisions in emergencies, where a patient's heath and life threatened," she said, noting that if they make the wrong decision at the wrong moment, they may go to jail or lose their license.

Gustafson said that believes the Supreme Court's decision, based on today's arguments regarding whether Idaho's abortion ban can be enforced in medical emergencies , puts safe emergency health care across the board is at risk.

"This isn't just about abortion, this is about a protection of — a life saving protection we've had in place that keeps any person, including our pregnant patients who come to the emergency room safe," she said.

The federal law is what doctors across the country has "grown up under and it's what keeps everyone safe" she said. Gustafson also noted that she's seen a distinct change in the health care system in Idaho since doctors in the state lost this protection and says it is "untenable."

US solicitor general compares Idaho abortion law to hypothetical ban on epinephrine

From CNN's Holmes Lybrand

US Solicitor General Elizabeth Prelogar argued today that Idaho’s abortion law is akin to a ban on epinephrine, which treats severe allergic reactions.

Prelogar noted federal law mandates that if a person has an emergency medical condition and goes to an emergency room, “they have to stabilize you."

“Congress did not provide a reticulated list of all possible emergency medical conditions and all possible treatments,” she said. “But it was very clear that Congress set a baseline national standard of care to ensure that no matter where you live in this country you can’t be declined service.”

Of Idaho’s abortion law, Prelogar said: “It would be no different if the state had come out and decided to ban epinephrine."

“I don’t see any way to try to draw lines around to exclude pregnancy complications,” she added.

Supreme Court arguments on historic abortion case have concluded

From CNN's John Fritze

Supreme Court arguments in the historic abortion case have concluded. 

Now the justices will begin drafting an opinion – or several. That process usually takes a few months. In this case, the court is expected to hand down its ruling by the end of June.

US solicitor general and Alito go head-to-head

From CNN's Hannah Rabinowitz

In a tense exchange over how federal protections extend to a fetus, US Solicitor General Elizabeth Prelogar argued that women “deserve” medical treatment whenever it is needed.

Prelogar and Conservative Justice Samuel Alito went head-to-head as part of a line of questioning from the justice over whether, in enacting the federal law EMTALA, lawmakers were aiming to give protections to an “unborn child" — a term that is included in multiple provisions of the law.

Prelogar said the law states there is a duty for doctors to act when a pregnant person is “suffering some kind of emergency and her own health isn’t at risk, but the fetus might die,” like in the case of a prolapse of the umbilical cord into the cervix.

“But to suggest that in doing so," Prelogar said, "Congress suggested that the woman herself isn’t an individual, that she doesn’t deserve stabilization — I think that that is an erroneous reading of this."

Alito snapped back: “Nobody’s suggesting that a woman is not an individual and she doesn’t deserve stabilization.”

US solicitor general cites 1800s SCOTUS decision in abortion arguments

US Solicitor General Elizabeth Prelogar argued that the federal government has an interest to “protect its sovereign interest,” noting that “Idaho has directly interfered with the ability of hospitals to accept” federal funds through its abortion law.

Prelogar said several cases address the issue of proprietary interest, citing a case from the late 1800s in which the US Supreme Court unanimously upheld the federal government’s injunction to stop a labor strike related to US railroads.

Prelogar cited the Supreme Court’s ruling in the case, known as In re Debs, during arguments against Idaho’s abortion law.

Justice Neil Gorsuch reacted: “Debs? You really want to rely on Debs, general? I mean that wasn’t exactly our brightest moment."

“I do think though that it reflects the history and tradition of this nation in recognizing that it’s entirely appropriate for the United States to seek to protect its interests in this manner,” Prelogar said.

Alito brings up the "unborn child" debate

Conservative Justice Samuel Alito asked US Solicitor General Elizabeth Prelogar to explain why the federal law in question, the Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA), uses the term “unborn child.”

“It’s not an odd phrase when you look at what Congress was doing,” at the time Prelogar said. The law was amended to add the term in 1989.

“There were well publicized cases where women were experiencing conditions their own health and life were not in danger, but the fetus was engraved distress and hospitals weren’t treating them," Prelogar said.

The term is referenced multiple times in law, including in the definition of a medical emergency scenario where the health of an unborn child is in serious jeopardy, where restricting the transfer of a patient in labor would put the safety of the unborn child at risk. 

The Charlotte Lozier Institute, an anti-abortion think tank, said in a friend-of-the-court brief that that EMTALA “expressly protects the lives of unborn children” and that it requires hospitals to “to follow the two-patient paradigm to protect both the mother and her unborn child.”   

“The United States’ attempt to diminish the ‘unborn child’s’ life as secondary—one that must be protected only if her mother’s health is not threatened but loses all value if her mother’s health is in jeopardy—is atextual,” the brief said. “Congress expected hospitals and physicians to preserve both lives wherever possible.”  

After Idaho’s abortion ban, more patients have been transferred out of state for emergency abortion care

From CNN Health's Meg Tirrell, Carma Hassan and Jamie Gumbrecht

If a pregnant woman in Idaho comes to an emergency room facing a grave threat to health but isn’t facing death, doctors have to delay her care until she deteriorates “or they’re airlifting her out of the state so she can get the emergency care that she needs,” US Solicitor General Elizabeth Prelogar said in her argument.

“One hospital system in Idaho says that right now, it's having to transfer pregnant women in medical crisis out of the state about once every other week,” she said.

There has been an uptick in the number of patients transferred for life-saving abortions after Idaho  banned the procedure , according to Dr. Jim Souza, the chief physician executive for Boise-based St. Luke’s Health System.

St. Luke's, Idaho's largest hospital system, wrote in a  friend-of-the-court brief  that the legal uncertainty created by the state's abortion ban means patients with emergency pregnancy complications are more likely to be transferred out of state for care unless they're at "imminent risk of death."

Souza said that in 2023, during an injunction on enforcement of the law as it pertained to the Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA), only one patient in the emergency department was recommended to be transferred out of the state.

“In the short period of time, it’s been just a few months now that Idaho’s law has been in effect, six patients with medical emergencies have already been transferred out of state for termination,” Souza said in a call with reporters last week. “If we annualize that, we can anticipate up to 20 patients needing out-of-state care this year alone.”

Dr. Julie Lyons, a family medicine physician with St. Luke’s Health System, told CNN in February that she counsels patients on their first prenatal visit to "buy life-flight insurance," in case they face a "rare situation that a complication does happen."

Some doctors have also left Idaho as a result of the law, Souza said, creating a “destabilizing effect” on the hospital system.

Please enable JavaScript for a better experience.