atlas voyages tanger

Atlas Voyages

Agence de voyages

Contactez-nous:+212 5393-56902, atlasvoyages.com   [email protected].

dimanche. Fermé; lundi. de 08:00 à 19:30; mardi. de 08:00 à 19:30; mercredi. de 08:00 à 19:30; jeudi. de 08:00 à 19:30; vendredi. de 08:00 à 19:30; samedi. de 08:00 à 19:30

Commentaires des clients:

Ahmed ahmd5le bon accueilz Ghalmat1Leur service après vente est le service le plus nul…. rien n est respecté c est la galèreNordine Azrou5Bien situé et pièce dispo mieux que mekbes

PART 3: REVIEW: ATLAS OCEAN VOYAGES’ WORLD VOYAGER

The Right Ship for the White Continent

Since its debut only two years ago, Atlas Ocean Voyages, the luxury/expedition arm of Portugal-based Mystic Cruises, best known for its fleet of riverboats, has intrigued this small-ship fan. The line launched in 2021 with World Navigator and World Traveller followed in 2022. My sailing today is the maiden voyage of the line’s third yacht, the 9,935 grt, 198-guest World Voyager which, on Antarctica sailings, has a guest capacity of 176 due to the accommodation of an expanded team of expedition leaders.

Atlas Ocean Voyages is an all-inclusive experience with unlimited beverages (fine wines, spirits, craft beers and 24-hour bar service), all dining, pre-paid gratuities, specialty coffees and teas, fresh pressed juices, L’Occitane bath amenities, stocked in-room mini-bar and more. Antarctica expeditions include a free pre-night hotel stay in Buenos Aires, a free charter flight from Buenos Aires to Ushuaia, transfers, a high-quality parka, use of waterproof Muck Boot Company knee boots, walking sticks, binoculars, and zodiac excursions. Where conditions are suitable, optional kayak and camping excursions are available.

THE SHIP: 10/10

Despite its status as a polar category C Ice Class 1B certified vessel, board World Voyager and you just might think you’re on the way not to the icy Antarctic but to a glamorous world capital.  The atmosphere exudes understated elegance, a clean Nordic feel with blonde woods predominating. From the spacious reception area, manned round the clock, I peek into The Atlas Lounge and find the living room I’d love (if I had a really, really big apartment): plush beige couches and armchairs with throw pillows adding pops of color and golden cocktail and side tables topped with quirky lamps that cast a warm glow.

It doesn’t take me very long to realize that World Voyager might be my favorite size ship of all. With just six passenger decks, and only decks 3, 4 and 7 featuring public spaces, her layout is intuitive from the get-go. Continue forward through the Atlas Lounge, and you’ll find the Amerigo Vespucci Auditorium, “auditorium” being way too cold a word to describe this intimate little theater, if you ask me. Backtrack aft and you’ll find Paula’s Pantry, the grab-and-go (or eat in) coffee/tea/snack/sandwich spot, with Voyager Choice Boutique, L’Occitane Sea Spa (which offers facials and massage only) and the Fitness Studio further along.

Even on our cold-weather itinerary, some guests head to deck 7 and its pool area for a dip into the ship’s hot tubs, but they are in the minority (and certainly braver than I).  For most, deck 7’s greatest draw is The Dome Observation Lounge where guests flock like cape petrels at any time of day. With its 270- degree views, it’s the perfect place to watch a spectacular sunrise, scan the waters for whales or catch an albatross soaring through the sky. Tea time at The Dome means a wide selection of teas and coffees, along with tiered trays of sweets, canapes and finger sandwiches (I swiped every lemon macaron on offer). But The Dome really comes to life after dinner with its lights turned low, unobtrusive music forming a relaxing backdrop and the cocktail menu (available all day) transforming this magical space into the social heart of the ship.

Yes, World Voyager is clearly a stylish and sophisticated luxury yacht but make no mistake: She has not in her design abandoned her commitment to expedition! Nowhere is that more evident than her ample observation areas, whether floor-to-ceiling windows, open decks or designated observation platforms like Water’s Edge on deck 5 forward which features bench seating that is heated from within! And, deep down on deck 3 is the greatest example of her dedication to expedition: The Mud Room, with a separate parka and boot storage compartment for each suite and stateroom and where guests suit up before heading out to zodiac cruises and shore landings.

ACCOMMODATIONS: 10/10

Suites aboard World Voyager include the 465 square-foot Navigator Suite, the 445 square-foot Discovery Suite and the 382 square-foot Journey Suite, all with private balconies, butler service and expanded room service menu.  Stateroom options range from the 183 square-foot Adventure Oceanview to the 300 square-foot Horizon Deluxe.

I am ensconced in a spacious 270 square-foot Horizon stateroom, with sitting area, sectional, chairs and vanity, coffee/tea maker, stocked mini-bar, firm queen bed with luxury linens and, thank you God, a full-length mirror (why are these becoming so rare on ships??). The top panel of my floor-to-ceiling window opens with the press of a button and the marble bath features a shower with rain head, hand-held and body jet options. A large wall-mounted interactive TV lets me view live lectures and briefings from the comfort of my stateroom, watch movies or TV, and view the day’s menus. And here’s a surprise: One doesn’t require a PhD in electronics to figure out the intuitively placed light switches in the stateroom!

DINING: 10/10

It’s 6:00 a.m. and I shuffle down to Paula’s Pantry for coffee. Half asleep, I am confronted with twelve choices and, it seems, nearly as many choices of milk—seriously? When did coffee become so complicated? I go with the Americano and a splash of regular milk and, since the breakfast buffet doesn’t kick off until 8:00 a.m., pick up a plant-based oat power bar which I immediately become addicted to, despite that “plant-based” thing.

As an early riser, I quickly fall in love with Paula’s Pantry, a simple counter with casual table seating, stocked full of breakfast pastries, yogurts, chia pots, muesli, muffins, donuts, whole fruit and fresh-squeezed juices. And I mean fresh-squeezed. Sure, orange is the go-to, but if you’ve never experienced fresh-squeezed apple juice, it’s life changing. The Pantry stays open until evening with its offerings changing throughout the day: sandwiches and pizza, wraps, salads, and cookies appear close to noon and, in a nod to the line’s heritage, they even serve those delicious little Portuguese custard tarts, pastel de nata.

But Paula’s Pantry is just the appetizer, so to speak. Madeira (another nod to Atlas Ocean Voyages’ Portuguese heritage) is where the real culinary adventures unfold. The sole formal restaurant aboard World Voyager , this spacious and comfortable ocean-view dining room serves up breakfast and lunch buffet style, with a supplemental menu of made-to-order hot dishes like omelets, waffles and frittatas at breakfast and, on my sailing, a fresh and smoky leg of Spanish cinco jotas ham, the world’s most exclusive gourmet ham, cut paper thin by an attendant.

At lunch, you might be tempted to head straight for the ice cream bar, with its rich, creamy and innovative selections (blueberry muffin ice cream, anyone?) served in a crispy waffle-cone bowl, but exercise some control. While no separate menu supplements World Voyager’s lunch buffet, who really needs one when the offerings are plentiful (with a special Vegan section) and include a carving station that offers delectable steaks, rack of lamb or carved pork roast and, at the live cooking station, dishes like an earthy and rich truffle risotto or Asian specialties?

In the evening, Madeira really shines with a menu of globally inspired cuisine, beautifully prepared and artistically presented and, with World Voyager an all-inclusive experience, specially selected wines are offered to complement each course.

All the special occasion favorites are here: Dover sole almondine, beef Wellington, poached lobster, rack of lamb and slow-cooked venison, among them, along with a couple of Italian-accented pasta dishes and always-available choices that include 7 oz. black angus steak, lemon-crusted salmon steak and, for vegans, plant-based mountain steak. In fact, plant-based diners have options at every meal aboard World Voyager and I, a devoted carnivore, found myself intrigued by a few of these offerings myself: the rich pumpkin soup generously garnished with pumpkin seeds and the plant-based crepes Suzette among them.

Aboard World Voyager , however, beef lovers are the biggest winners of all, thanks to the tender and flavorful cuts the line sources from Argentina. While that alone can make a steak-lover’s mouth water, this luscious beef is typically prepared on a Josper grill, a charcoal oven that combines innovation and tradition to impart a barbecued smokiness to the perfectly grilled steak without the flames that are, of course, banned at sea! Ole’!

(Note: For those who prefer expeditions of a more culinary nature, Atlas Ocean Voyages will offer a number of warm-weather “Epicurean Expeditions” in the Mediterranean this summer featuring guest chefs and winemakers, cooking demonstrations, culinary experiences ashore and more. When looking at Atlas cruise offerings, ask about Epicurean Expeditions on Atlas Ocean Voyages.

ENTERTAINMENT: 6/10 (aboard an expedition in Antarctica, you’d need a Rolling Stones concert or  Madonna to come anywhere near the entertainment that is provided by the destination itself)

The Crew Show is World Voyager’s Glastonbury, a tremendously entertaining program starring exceptionally gifted crew members who, when they’re not on stage, serve your drinks, deliver your meals, greet you at the entrance to the restaurant or even work behind the scenes in the laundry. With highlights that include a humorous rendition of “Tequila,” a stirring version of Green Day’s “Wake Me Up When September Ends,” a hypnotic Balinese traditional dance and the—I’m not kidding—tear-jerking performance of Josh Groban’s “You Raise Me Up” by the ship’s way-too-talented-to-be-a-cruise-ship-maitre d’ Maitre d’, I’d pay to see this show!

Like most small ships and expeditions, production shows and glittering musical extravaganzas won’t be found aboard World Voyager . Count on a handful of evening cabarets featuring vocalists performing show tunes or pop standards, a performance by the ship’s resident pianist, a dance night and perhaps a film shown in the Americo Vespucci Auditorium.

But it’s not surprising…aboard an expedition in Antarctica, you’d need a Rolling Stones concert or  Madonna to come anywhere near the entertainment that is provided by the destination itself. In fact, the greatest entertainment is sharing the day’s experiences and wildlife sightings with your fellow guests.

For years, I’d always associated the word “expedition” with images of challenge and difficulty but now, after experiencing World Voyager and her maiden voyage to Antarctica, the word conjures different images: Comfort, beauty, luxury, fine dining…and a whole lot of champagne.

COMING SOON!: Part 4: Atlas Ocean Voyages’ World Voyager: Getting My Feet Wet: An Introduction to Antarctica Expedition

Also see: PART 1: WORLD VOYAGER: Atlas Ocean Voyages’ Newest Ship and   PART 2: WORLD VOYAGER: En Route to Ushuaia

Photos credit Judi Cuervo

Cover photo World Voyager, credit Atlas Ocean Voyages

See cruises:  World Voyager  and all  Atlas Ocean Voyages Cruises

Leave a Comment Cancel reply

All Things Cruise is dedicated to the joy of travel. Specializing in ocean, river, ultra-luxury, small ship and expedition cruises.

We would love to have you subscribe for travel updates, news and great offers directly from the cruise lines!

ATLAS VOYAGES – Agence de voyages à Tanger

Atlas Voyages, des voyages en partage. . .

Depuis plus de cinquante ans, Atlas Voyages vous invite à partager des expériences inoubliables dans le monde entier sous le signe de la découverte et de la détente.

Chaque jour, nos experts œuvrent pour vous accompagner dans vos choix, vous faire rêver et répondre à vos envies en vous garanti ssant un voyage de qualité au meilleur prix.

Pour mieux vous servir et être à votre écoute, Atlas Voyages met à votre disposition un réseau de 17 agences dans tout le Royaume ainsi qu’un Centre Relation Client joignable au 080 200 2020.

Sur www.atlasvoyages.com , découvrez nos nouveautés et retrouvez toutes nos offres en béné ficiant de nos conseils et astuces.

En un seul clic, vous pouvez consulter toute notre collection de voyages organisés vers plus de 20 destinations.

Réservez en ligne et payez en dirhams des séjours dans des hôtels et des billets d ’avion, au Maroc et à l’étranger depuis notre site web.

Vivez l’expérience Club Med, embarquez pour une croisière mémorable ou imaginez tout simplement votre voyage sur mesure, nos experts du voyage sont prêts à vous conseiller.

Votre avis nous intéresse ! Nous vous invitons à partager vos souvenirs avec #atlasvoyages sur nos réseaux sociaux.

Restez connectés à votre agence digitale, votre voyage commence ici…

Coordonnées

Téléphone : 0539321414

E-mail : [email protected]

Site Web : https://atlasvoyages.com/

Localisation

Rue ibn Taymiya. Tanger, Maroc

Bons plans qui pourraient aussi vous intéresser

FRS IBERIA – Naviguez en toute confiance Maroc – Espagne

FLAMANT ROSE appartements – Location résidentiels

AIR ARABIA- Votre agence de voyage à Tanger

Appart Hôtel LE RIO – 4 étoiles – Face à la mer

The Man in Seat 61

A beginner's guide to

Train travel in morocco.

• Buy train tickets
• Buy ferry tickets
• Book a hotel
• Privacy & cookies
•   Home

Train travel UK & Ireland...

Train travel in europe..., train travel in asia..., train travel in africa..., train travel in america..., train travel in australasia, the best way to get around morocco.

Where do the trains go?

How to buy tickets.

Option 2, buy online at 12go.com

You can buy Moroccan train tickets online in English at 12go.com , a reliable train, ferry & bus booking agency.

  12go.com accepts overseas payment cards, no problem.

Option 3, buy online at www.bookaway.com

You can also buy Moroccan train tickets online in English at www.bookaway.com , another reliable train, ferry & bus booking agency, also without any payment problems.

On both the Al Boraq high-speed trains and the classic Al Atlas trains , all tickets come with a reserved seat so trains can in theory sell out, but there are so many seats that in practice they seldom do.  The Al Atlas trains have only one first class car, and that can indeed sell out on occasion.

The shuttle trains ( Trains Navettes Rapides ) linking Rabat & Casablanca and the few remaining conventional long-distance trains which have not yet been branded Al Atlas have unreserved 2nd class where tickets do not include a reserved seat so tickets cannot sell out, you sit where you like on a first come, first served basis.

Back to top

Taking the train from Tangier

Tangier to rabat.

Journey time 1h20 by Al Boraq high-speed train .

Departures from Tangier at 06:00 and every hour until 19:00, then 21:00.

Rabat Agdal is the station where the high-speed Al Boraq trains arrive, Rabat Ville is only served by classic non-high-speed trains.

Fares vary between 89 & 172 dirhams in 2nd class, 129 & 224 dirhams in 1st class.

Tangier to Casablanca

Journey time 2h10 by Al Boraq high-speed train .

Departures from Tangier at 06:00 then every hour until 19:00, 21:00.

Casa Voyageurs is the station where the high-speed trains arrive.

Fares vary between 99 & 224 dirhams in 2nd class, 129 & 292 dirhams in 1st class.

Alternatively, there's a direct overnight train, leaving Tangier at 23:25 & arriving Casablanca 06:10.

The train has an air-conditioned 1st class couchette car with shared 4-berth compartments & 2nd class air-conditioned seats cars, see the Tangier-Marrakech overnight train section below .

The fare is around 375 dirhams in a shared 1st class 4-berth couchette or from 399 dirhams in advance or 670 dirhams full-price for a private single-berth compartment in the sleeping-car.

Tangier to Marrakech

Option 1, by daytime train:  Take an Al Boraq high-speed train from Tangier to Casa Voyageurs, then a classic Al Atlas train from Casa Voyageurs to Marrakech.

Departures from Tangier at 06:00, 08:00, 11:00, 14:00, 15:00, 17:00, 19:00.  Journey time around 5h14.

Fares vary between 186 & 338 dirhams in 2nd class, between 249 & 472 dirhams in 1st class.

Option 2, by direct overnight train, leaving Tangier at 23:25 & arriving Marrakech 09:01.

The fare is 216 dirhams in a 2nd class seat, around 375 dirhams in a shared 1st class 4-berth couchette or from 399 dirhams in advance or 670 dirhams full-price for a private single-berth compartment in the sleeping-car.

Tangier to Meknes & Fes

Option 1, journey time around 2h40 to Meknes or 3h25 to Fes, taking an Al Boraq high-speed train from Tangier to Kenitra and changing onto a classic Al Atlas train eastwards to Fes.  Departures from Tangier at 06:00, 07:00, 08:00, 09:00, 10:00, 11:00, 12:00, 14:00, 15:00, 16:00, 17:00, 18:00.

Option 2, journey time around 3h40 to Meknes or 4h13 to Fes by direct Al Atlas train over the classic line from Tanger to Fes.  Departures at 07:40, 11:35, 14:30, 19:05.

Bus connection to Agadir & Essaouira

Buses link Marrakech with Agadir roughly every hour or so, journey time 3h30.  Buses link Marrakech with Essaouira ever 2-3 hours, journey time 3h.  You can check bus times at www.oncf-voyages.ma .

Buses are run by Supratours, a subsidiary of Moroccan railways.  Buses leave from the Supratours terminal next to Marrakech railway station, so train-bus connection is easy.

Marrakech - Agadir costs about 110 dirhams (€10), it costs a bit less to Essaouira.  Luggage must be checked in, and a small fee of around 5 dirhams is payable for this in addition to your fare.

Buy tickets locally.  You can buy combined train+bus tickets from any Moroccan railway station to Agadir via Marrakech - ask for a billet rail et route.

Tangier Ville station

The old station in Tangier near the port & medina was closed some years ago and is now used as a police station.  An impressive new Tanger Ville station has been built just inland from the far end of the sea front.  It's now been expanded to accommodate the Al Boraq high-speed trains.  Walking from the port, the medina or the Continental Hotel to the new station takes around 30-35 minutes, so take a petit taxi as this only costs 20 dirhams or so (about £1.70).  The station includes a comfortable Al Boraq lounge for anyone with a 1st class Al Boraq ticket.

What are Moroccan trains like ?

Al boraq high-speed trains.

Africa's first high-speed trains started running in November 2018 on the new Tangier-Rabat-Casablanca high-speed line.  Morocco's Al Boraq high-speed trains are 300km/h (186mph) double-deck trains, a version of French Railway's TGV Duplex .  They have 1st & 2nd class and a cafe-bar.  The new line roughly follows the route of the (still-operating) classic line, but joins the Fes-Casablanca main line at Kenitra rather than Sidi Kacem.

Tip:   There is an Al Boraq lounge for anyone with a 1st class Al Boraq ticket at Tangier Ville, Kénitra, Rabat Agdal and Casablanca Voyageurs

Classic Al Atlas trains

The classic long distance trains have smooth-riding 1st & 2nd class air-conditioned coaches, with a trolley selling tea, coffee, sandwiches & snacks.  Most of these classic expresses are now branded Al Atlas , with a reserved seat included with every ticket.  The few remaining classic expresses which have not yet been branded Al Atlas have reserved seats in 1st class but no reservation possible in 2nd class.

Overnight train from Tangier to Marrakech

The overnight train is a popular and time-effective way to travel from Tangier to Marrakech, sleeping in a couchette and saving a night in a hotel.  Until early 2022, the train had one sleeping-car with single-berth compartments and one couchette car with 4-berth compartments, but the sleeping-car has now reportedly been discontinued.  Only the 1st class 4-berth couchettes remain.

The couchette car has 11 shared 4-berth compartments, each berth provided with pillow, sheet and light blanket.  The car is air-conditioned, although it may be a while before the air-con kicks in if the car has been standing in the sidings all day.

For the record - and in case it resumes at some point - the sleeping-car had 11 private single-berth compartments ( Lit Single in French), each with a comfy bed with full bedding, a washbasin and a chair.  The sleeper was a relatively new addition, introduced in 2018 although the car itself is older.  But like I said, it's been discontinued.

Couchettes can get sold out, so book ahead if you can.  However, it's not impossible to find berths available even if you book at the station on the day of travel, so give it a try.  The couchettes can't be booked online, to book a couchette in advance from outside Morocco, see the specific advice on this train in the How to buy tickets section above .

Double-deck trains between Rabat & Casablanca...

These smart air-conditioned double-deck trains operate the hourly Rabat-Casablanca shuttle service (TNR or Train Navette Rapide, they also operate a few Fez-Meknès-Rabat-Casablanca expresses.

Make sure you take a good guidebook.  Easily the best guidebooks for the independent traveller are Lonely Planets and Rough Guides.  Both provide an excellent level of practical information and historical background.  You won't regret buying one of these!

Click the images to buy at Amazon.co.uk

Hotels in morocco.

In Tangier , the classic Continental Hotel is the top choice for location and atmosphere, and inexpensive, too.  Ideally located for both port and old medina, and with its own restaurant, it can now be booked online at Booking.com .  Opened in 1870, Winston Churchill stayed there, amongst others.

In Marrakech , the Hotel Islane is a good mid-range choice at around €35-€45 (£26-£31) per room per night, with an excellent central location just round the corner from the Jemaa el Fnaa, the main market square.  It also has a good rooftop restaurant.  The most famous hotel in Marrakech is of course the top-notch La Mamounia Hotel , if you can (a) afford it and (b) get a room!

You can arrange hotels before booking opens for train tickets if you use a site with free cancellation such as www.booking.com .

Backpacker hostels...

www.hostelworld.com :  If you're on a tight budget, don't forget about backpacker hostels.  Hostelworld offers online booking of cheap private rooms or dorm beds in backpacker hostels in most cities at rock-bottom prices.

Car hire in Morocco

It's well worth hiring a car south of Marrakech!   Hiring a car isn't the first thing you'd think of in Morocco, but the roads are relatively empty and driving is surprisingly easy.  If you've a few days to spare when you get to Marrakech I highly recommend hiring a car and driving south over the High Atlas Mountains via the absolutely incredible Tizi n Tichka Pass, perhaps the most amazing road I've ever driven.  Stay the night at the Kasbah at Tifletout (now a hotel) and visit the Gorge du Dadè s, Todra Gorge, and the remarkable mud-built town of Aï t ben Haddou.  Driving really isn't difficult, indeed the roads are far less crowded than in the UK or Europe, making it a very pleasant way to get around the countryside.  Instead of searching multiple websites to sort out your car, try this search engine which compares different hire companies' prices.

Compare 50 different car hire companies:  www.carrentals.co.uk

Travel insurance & vpn, always take out travel insurance.

You should take out travel insurance with at least £1m or preferably £5m medical cover from a reliable insurer.  It should cover trip cancellation and loss of cash & belongings up to a reasonable limit.  These days, check you're covered for covid-19-related issues, and use an insurer whose cover isn't invalidated by well-meant but excessive Foreign Office travel advice against non-essential travel. An annual policy is usually cheapest even for just 2 or 3 trips a year, I have an annual policy with Staysure.co.uk myself.  Don't expect travel insurance to bail you out of every missed connection, see the advice on missed connections here .  Here are some suggested insurers, I get a little commission if you buy through these links, feedback always welcome.

Get an eSIM with mobile data package

Don't rely on WiFi, download an eSIM with a European mobile data package and stay connected.  Most newer mobile phones can download a virtual SIM including iPhone 11 & later, see device compatibility list .  There's no need to buy a physical SIM card!  Maya.net is a reliable eSIM data retailer with a 4.5 out of 5 Trustpilot rating and a range of packages including unlimited data .

Get a Curve card for foreign travel

Most banks give you a poor exchange rate then add a foreign transaction fee on top.  A Curve MasterCard means no foreign transaction fees and gives you the mid-market exchange rate, at least up to a certain limit, £500 per month as I write this.  The money you spend on your Curve card goes straight onto one of your existing debit or credit cards.  And you can get a Curve card for free.

How it works:   1. Download the Curve app for iPhone or Android .  2. Enter your details & they'll send you a Curve MasterCard - they send to the UK and most European addresses.  3. Link your existing credit & debit cards to the app, you can link up to two cards with the free version of Curve, I link my normal debit card and my normal credit card.  4. Now use the Curve MasterCard to buy things online or in person or take cash from ATMs, exactly like a normal MasterCard. Curve does the currency conversion and puts the balance in your own currency onto whichever debit or credit card is currently selected in the Curve app.  You can even change your mind about which card it goes onto, within 14 days of the transaction.

I have a Curve Blue card myself, it means I can buy a coffee on a foreign station on a card without being stung by fees and lousy exchange rates, just by tapping the Curve card on their card reader.  The money goes through Curve to my normal debit card and is taken directly from my account (in fact I have the Curve card set up as payment card on Apple Pay on my iPhone, so can double-click my phone, let it do Face ID then tap the reader with the phone - even easier than getting a card out).  I get a little commission if you sign up to Curve, but I recommend it here because I think it's great.  See details, download the app and get a Curve card , they'll give you £5 cashback through that link.

Get a VPN for safe browsing.  Why you need a VPN

When travelling you may use free public WiFi which is often insecure.  A VPN encrypts your connection so it's always secure, even on unsecured WiFi.  It also means you can select the geographic location of the IP address you browse with, to get around geoblocking which a surprising number of websites apply.  See VPNs & why you need one explained .  ExpressVPN is a best buy with a 4.7 out of 5 Trustpilot ranking which I use myself - I've signed up as an ExpressVPN affiliate, and if you go with expressvpn.com using this link you should see a special deal, 3 months free with an annual subscription.  I also get some commission to help support this site.

Carry an Anker powerbank

Tickets, reservations, hotel bookings and Interrail or Eurail passes are often now held on your mobile phone.  You daren't let it run out of power, and you can't always rely on the phone's internal battery or on being near a power outlet.  I always carry an Anker powerbank which can recharge my phone several times over.  Buy from Amazon.co.uk or Buy from Amazon.com .

Touring cities?  Use hill walking shoes!

One of the best things I've done is swap my normal shoes for hill-walking shoes, in my case from Scarpa.  They're intended for hiking across the Pennines not wandering around Florence, but the support and cushioning for hiking works equally well when you're on your feet all day exploring foreign cities.  My feet used to give out first and limit my day, now the rest of me gives up before they do!

Back to home page

Traveling by ONCF Trains

Oncf train classes, ​economy class seat, 1st class seat, discover popular routes in morocco, marrakech - casablanca train.

​ Time : 3 h

Casablanca - Tangier Train

​ Time : 2 h

Rabat - Marrakech Train

​ Time : 4 h

Casablanca - Fes Train

First look at World Voyager, the stylish new expedition cruise ship from Atlas Ocean Voyages

Editor's Note

You can tell a lot about an expedition ship from the way it handles rough seas and storms.

World Voyager, the third ship for fast-growing newcomer Atlas Ocean Voyages, was put through its paces during a tempest of wind and waves on its recent nine-day maiden voyage to Antarctica.

It handled it with ease.

That's thanks to the ship's new, state-of-the-art stabilizing dual Rolls-Royce retractable fins and advanced hydrodynamic design.

For cruise news, reviews and tips, sign up for TPG's cruise newsletter .

Crossing the fearsome Drake Passage — the violent confluence of three seas between the tip of South America and Antarctica — the ocean pitched, rolled and yawed. It was the dreaded Drake Shake. Waves leapt to 39 feet, but we were buffered against the worst of it as we zig-zagged to briefings, polar gear fittings, welcome drinks and dinners.

I got to see those stabilizers in action again in the white continent, flying on the coattails of 100-knot winds. Snow fell sideways. Spectral winds chased jitterbug seas. Onboard, there was nothing but smooth sailing, even on the treadmill in the gym.

Introducing World Voyager

World Voyager is an intimate ship designed for what Atlas Ocean Voyages likes to call "expedition yachting" in some of the most remote pockets of the globe. Right now, that's Antarctica. Like sister ice-class ships World Traveller and World Navigator , this ship has state-of-the-art sonar that allows it to travel deep into polar regions and Zodiac inflatable boats on board for exploring off the ship.

But the ship doesn't offer immersive travel only in far-flung locales. In the coming months, World Voyager will head north for warm-weather sailings in the Mediterranean, northern Europe and the British Isles; there, it will swap the Zodiacs for Jet Skis, kayaks and paddleboards.

The ship can maneuver into small harbors and narrow rivers that bigger ships can't. This is something Atlas is keen to capitalize on during the coming year with warm-water sailings that invite a deeper connection to food culture and history. New Epicurean Expeditions will be centered on food tours, cooking demonstrations, local chefs and vintners, and wine tastings. I got to sample some of these wines — including a Miraval rose from Provence, France — and can vouch for their excellence.

One of the biggest differences between an expedition ship and some of the bigger luxury cruise ships is the expert team of marine biologists, ornithologists, glaciologists and historians onboard; they enrich daily outings with talks and daily recaps. World Voyager travels with up to 14 expedition leaders. Still, its program is lighter than what you'll find on the expedition vessels of more established players in the space, such as Lindblad Expeditions, Silversea Cruises and Quark Expeditions.

Still, the enrichment offerings from World Voyager's expedition team are just part of a wider entertainment program. The program includes afternoon tea, trivia, evening movies, late-night cabaret shows and an always-open and lively Dome observatory bar — an array of diversions you don't always find on expedition ships.

In this way, the ship straddles big-ship entertainment and small-ship adventure. It's early days, and the team is still finding its sea legs — not unusual for a new ship. However, there is talk of getting the expedition team to dine with guests.

Related: The ultimate guide to Atlas Ocean Voyages

It's good value

Traveling to far-flung places with an intimate coterie of like-minded travelers is one of the luxuries of expedition cruising. Atlas Ocean Voyages' World Voyager is one of the smallest ships of its kind. The 9,935-ton ship has the capacity for 198 passengers, but that number drops to a mere 178 people in Antarctica, with cabins given to guest lecturers and entertainers. Our maiden voyage had only 138.

For such a big-ticket cruise, the crowd was relatively young. I put this down to Atlas' current offer that allows the second guest to sail free; the deal includes overnight accommodation and return private charter flights from Buenos Aires to Ushuaia, Argentina. It's a striking value for a nine-night Antarctica trip that, after adjusting for the second guest traveling free, starts at just $6,299 per person.

Like most ships at the high end, Atlas includes a lot in its base price. Onboard accommodations, all meals, most drinks, gratuities and shore excursions are part of the ticket price, plus round-trip airfares from select U.S. and Canadian gateways. Emergency medical evacuation insurance is also included — something few other expedition companies offer.

What's not included in Atlas fares are shelf liquors (a shot of Belvedere vodka will set you back $7), premium wines or Champagne. Shipboard Wi-Fi also comes at a steep price after an initial 1GB of data that is included in the fare (500MB for an additional $45, 1GB for $80 or 5GB for $350) and can only be used on one device. It's an irritation when you consider most ships let you switch between devices — and that many luxury expedition ships in the same space offer shipboard Wi-Fi for free.

Related: I jumped off a cruise ship in Antarctica and lived to tell the tale

World Voyager is made for design lovers

Cruise ship decor switches from cookie-cutter elegance to such dizzying colors and patterns you'd be forgiven for thinking a toddler was let loose in the craft cupboard.

Not World Voyager. The ship exudes sophistication.

Built in 2020, the ship initially sailed for Germany-based Nicko Cruises, owned by the same Portuguese company that owns Atlas Ocean Voyages. When the ship switched allegiances, it also received a design refresh.

The result is a meet-cute of Scandinavian minimalism and art deco gorgeousness that wouldn't look out of place in a boutique hotel.

It marks a departure for Atlas, which partnered on its first two ships with Portuguese design firm Oitoemponto. The glossy mahogany wood paneling and decorative European fabrics are gone, traded for a lighter, more pared-back look; it favors Scandi-inspired blonde wood, black and white marble floors, geometric carpets, rich rust velvet feature lounges, gilt highlights and glorious pops of gemstone color.

The ship is easy to navigate, with a floor plan that flows seamlessly between venues. Deck 4 is home to the main public spaces, including the lecture auditorium, lounge bar, lobby, cafe (a quick stop for juice shots, smoothies, espresso coffee, pastries and hearty snacks), a small shop and the main dining room.

A small, well-equipped gym is tucked away on the port side. Meanwhile, the aft is home to a tiny L'Occitane spa with two treatment rooms, the gifted hands of masseur Akom, a chill lounge and a sauna with a glass wall.

The ship offers views for days

Nature is the star attraction on any expedition cruise, something Atlas knows well. The entire ship is dripping with indoor and outdoor spaces that deliver dress-circle views of icebergs, whales, birdlife and dazzling sunsets.

The Dome observatory lounge offers views in spades. Situated at the front of the ship, on the highest deck, the lounge boasts curved floor-to-ceiling glass and a glorious wraparound viewing platform, both of which serve up spectacular 270-degree views.

Two decks below is Water's Edge: another stunning spot at the ship's bow, with magical views on three sides and a heated wraparound bench (a welcome seat on cold polar days). Three other viewing platforms — at the rear of Madeira restaurant on Deck 4 and on passenger decks 5 and 6 — make for an easy exit whenever nature beckons.

Related: Antarctica gear guide: What you need to pack for a trip to the White Continent

Cabins offer front row seats to the action outside

In polar climates where the temperature regularly dips below 32 degrees, a private balcony would seem unnecessary. No surprise then that the ship's Horizon Staterooms — the type of cabin that I experienced while on board — earn points for their generous 270 square meters of temperature-controlled bliss. A step up from the Veranda Staterooms with their standard cruise ship balconies, these rooms claw back 55 square meters of icy outdoor space for just a little more money.

The Horizon Staterooms feature what Atlas calls a Juliette balcony — a wall of floor-to-ceiling glass with an electric top-drop window, easily controlled by the touch of a button. (Some river cruise ships have these, and they're akin to the "infinite verandas" on Celebrity Cruises' Edge Class ships.)

The experience was like being in an IMAX Theatre. From my room, I had a front-row seat to Antarctica's larger-than-life natural drama. Window down, I watched petrels coast the Drake Passage, the roar and tang of the sea outside delivered to me in 3D to counteract the pitching swell. I saw whales, cartwheeling penguins and an iceberg bigger than an apartment block.

Cabins come with a queen-size bed and Portuguese linens, a stocked minibar (beer and soft drinks only), Ksumi teas, still and sparkling water in reusable glass bottles, and a Nespresso machine. In-room binoculars are a nice touch.

Bathrooms feature L'Occitane toiletries and a walk-in mosaic glass shower with a rain head, handheld wand and body jets. Storage overall seemed on the small side for two people, but the main drawback was noise. My room was portside in the back, and it was so noisy that the clanking of the engine regularly woke me up.

World Voyager offers two- and three-person Horizon and Veranda staterooms, along with three categories of one-bedroom suites. These upgraded rooms feature extra floor space, a large balcony, a luxuriously deep bath, additional wardrobe space and the greatest luxury of all: a personal butler.

Related: Everything you want to know about cabins and suites on Atlas Ocean Voyages ships

The food onboard is sustainable — and delicious

I found a lot to love about the food on board World Voyager, including the plant-based and zero-waste menus rolled out across the fleet.

It's the kind of sustainable dining that is on trend with luxury travelers wanting to tread more lightly.

Austrian-born executive chef Rene Aflenzes is behind the holistic menus found throughout the ship that champion slow food, molecular gastronomy and zero-waste principles. It's truly a root-to-stem and peel-to-core mindset about food prep. Vegetable skins are dehydrated and turned into soup seasonings and garnishes. Whole fruit is magicked into delectably sweet concoctions.

It's part of an ambitious long-term plan to bring a true nose-to-tail food philosophy to the high seas.

Juice shots, smoothies, house-made Bircher muesli, vegan oat slices, nutritious muffins and hearty snacks are the mainstay at the grab-and-go cafe, Paula's Pantry; it also offers espresso coffee, donuts and pizza slices.

The buffet lunch in the Madeira dining room features a dedicated vegan salad station. Madeira becomes an a la carte restaurant in the evening. Along with a modern menu, it offers a selection of plant-based starters, mains and desserts, an "always available" plant-based steak and a good sprinkling of zero-waste dishes. Most were good. The salads were a bit hit-or-miss.

In a nod to Atlas' Portugal-based parent company, Mystic Cruises, the menu also features a handful of typical Portuguese dishes.

Meat lovers will enjoy meals in the main dining room and at Deck 7's poolside 7Aft Grill, where meat is seared over Josper coals until smoky. In a coup for Atlas, the beef is from the same butcher as Argentina's famed Don Julio restaurant, ranked number 19 on the 2023 list of the World's 50 Best Restaurants.

Bottom line

Atlas Ocean Voyages' new World Voyager is built for adventure, without the stuffiness that can come from more serious expedition ships. It strikes the right balance between an expedition cruise vessel and a more traditional luxury ship, with late-night entertainment and daily Zodiac outings. Give it a go while fares remain one of the better values in expedition cruising.

Planning a cruise? Start with these stories:

• The 5 most desirable cabin locations on any cruise ship
• A beginners guide to picking a cruise line
• The 8 worst cabin locations on any cruise ship
• The ultimate guide to what to pack for a cruise
• A quick guide to the most popular cruise lines
• 21 tips and tricks that will make your cruise go smoothly
• Top ways cruisers waste money
• The ultimate guide to choosing a cruise ship cabin

For the first time Rosatom Fuel Division supplied fresh nuclear fuel to the world’s only floating nuclear cogeneration plant in the Arctic

The fuel was supplied to the northernmost town of Russia along the Northern Sea Route.

The first in the history of the power plant refueling, that is, the replacement of spent nuclear fuel with fresh one, is planned to begin before 2024. The manufacturer of nuclear fuel for all Russian nuclear icebreakers, as well as the Akademik Lomonosov FNPP, is Machinery Manufacturing Plant, Joint-Stock Company (MSZ JSC), a company of Rosatom Fuel Company TVEL that is based in Elektrostal, Moscow Region.

The FNPP includes two KLT-40S reactors of the icebreaking type. Unlike convenient ground-based large reactors (that require partial replacement of fuel rods once every 12-18 months), in the case of these reactors, the refueling takes place once every few years and includes unloading of the entire reactor core and loading of fresh fuel into the reactor.

The cores of KLT-40 reactors of the Akademik Lomonosov floating power unit have a number of advantages compared to the reference ones: a cassette core was used for the first time in the history of the unit, which made it possible to increase the fuel energy resource to 3-3.5 years between refuelings, and also reduce the fuel component of the electricity cost by one and a half times. The FNPP operating experience formed the basis for the designs of reactors for nuclear icebreakers of the newest series 22220. Three such icebreakers have been launched by now.

For the first time the power units of the Akademik Lomonosov floating nuclear power plant were connected to the grid in December 2019, and put into commercial operation in May 2020. The supply of nuclear fuel from Elektrostal to Pevek and its loading into the second reactor is planned for 2024. The total power of the Akademik Lomonosov FNPP, supplied to the coastal grid of Pevek without thermal energy consumption on shore, is about 76 MW, being about 44 MW in the maximum thermal power supply mode. The FNPP generated 194 million kWh according to the results of 2023. The population of Pevek is just a little more than 4 thousand, while the FNPP has a potential for supplying electricity to a city with a population of up to 100 thousand people. After the FNPP commissioning two goals were achieved. These include first of all the replacement of the retiring capacities of the Bilibino NPP, which has been operating since 1974, as well as the Chaunskaya TPP, which has already been operating for more than 70 years. Secondly, energy is supplied to the main mining companies in western Chukotka in the Chaun-Bilibino energy hub a large ore and metal cluster, including gold mining companies and projects related to the development of the Baimsk ore zone. In September 2023, a 110 kilovolt power transmission line with a length of 490 kilometers was put into operation, connecting the towns of Pevek and Bilibino. The line increased the reliability of energy supply from the FNPP to both Bilibino consumers and mining companies, the largest of which is the Baimsky GOK. The comprehensive development of the Russian Arctic is a national strategic priority. To increase the NSR traffic is of paramount importance for accomplishment of the tasks set in the field of cargo shipping. This logistics corridor is being developed due regular freight voyages, construction of new nuclear-powered icebreakers and modernization of the relevant infrastructure. Rosatom companies are actively involved in this work. Rosatom Fuel Company TVEL (Rosatom Fuel Division) includes companies fabricating nuclear fuel, converting and enriching uranium, manufacturing gas centrifuges, conducting researches and producing designs. As the only nuclear fuel supplier to Russian NPPs, TVEL supplies fuel for a total of 75 power reactors in 15 countries, for research reactors in nine countries, as well as for propulsion reactors of the Russian nuclear fleet. Every sixth power reactor in the world runs on TVEL fuel. Rosatom Fuel Division is the world’s largest producer of enriched uranium and the leader on the global stable isotope market. The Fuel Division is actively developing new businesses in chemistry, metallurgy, energy storage technologies, 3D printing, digital products, and decommissioning of nuclear facilities. TVEL also includes Rosatom integrators for additive technologies and electricity storage systems. Rosenergoatom, Joint-Stock Company is part of Rosatom Electric Power Division and one of the largest companies in the industry acting as an operator of nuclear power plants. It includes, as its branches, 11 operating NPPs, including the FNPP, the Scientific and Technical Center for Emergency Operations at NPPs, Design and Engineering as well as Technological companies. In total, 37 power units with a total installed capacity of over 29.5 GW are in operation at 11 nuclear power plants in Russia. Machinery Manufacturing Plant, Joint-Stock Company (MSZ JSC, Elektrostal) is one of the world’s largest manufacturers of fuel for nuclear power plants. The company produces fuel assemblies for VVER-440, VVER-1000, RBMK-1000, BN-600,800, VK-50, EGP-6; powders and fuel pellets intended for supply to foreign customers. It also produces nuclear fuel for research reactors. The plant belongs to the TVEL Fuel Company of Rosatom.

Rosatom obtained a license for the first land-based SMR in Russia

On April 21, Rosenergoatom obtained a license issued by Rostekhnadzor to construct the Yakutsk land-based SMR in the Ust-Yansky District of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

ROSATOM and FEDC agree to cooperate in the construction of Russia's first onshore SNPP

ROSATOM and FEDC have signed a cooperation agreement to build Russia's first onshore SNPP in Yakutia.

Rosatom develops nuclear fuel for modernized floating power units

Rosatom has completed the development of nuclear fuel for the RITM-200S small modular reactor designed for the upgraded floating power units.

• Live Competitions
• Project Competitions
• Idea Competitiona
• Other Competitiona
• Open to Students
• Competition Results
• Closed Competitions
• Submit a Competition
• Advertisement

The New Moscow Metro Stations "Nizhniye Mnevniki" and "Terekhovo"

The object of the competition is the development of architectural and design concepts for the moscow metro stations..

Description “Dear competition participants!

Last year for the first time after an extended hiatus Moscow held an open competition for the best design project for the Metro stations under construction. Architects, designers and artists were invited to submit their versions for the decoration of Solntsevo and Novoperedelkino stations. Interest in the competition was so high, both from domestic and overseas architectural and design firms, that we took the decision to raise its status from a national to international level. Submissions for the competition were presented by around 96 participants from Russia, Germany, Denmark, Australia, Lithuania, Latvia, Armenia and other countries. The best projects selected by a professional jury were submitted to a vote on the city website “Active Citizen” through which the competition winners were chosen by Moscow citizens themselves: finally the design for the two new stations was entrusted to contractors from Russia and Latvia whose projects were recognized as the most striking and original. Metro stations Solntsevo and Novoperedelkino will be opened in 2017.

A further 78 new Metro stations are planned for construction in Moscow by 2020, with over 160 kilometres of new tracks. And our guiding principle is that each station of our capital city’s underground should have its own distinct face, its own particular twist. And so in order to save time and building costs in the construction proposals we are erecting stations according to a standard model, but with internal decoration carried out on an individual basis. In doing so, we will continue the tradition laid down by the pioneers of Metro construction who saw the creation of Moscow’s underground railway as no mere utilitarian object of transport infrastructure, but a unique architectural edifice reflecting the history of the city’s development and that of the country as a whole.

I hope the participants of this current Competition to find the best design project for Nizhniye Mnevniki and Terekhovo Metro stations will support our aim to make stations beautiful, elegant and, most importantly, comfortable for all passengers.

I am sure that each of you working on your projects will reveal your creative potential to the utmost. I wish all competitors inspiration and creative discoveries!“

Jury Nikolay Lyzlov Vice-president of the Union of Moscow architects Dmitry Ovcharov Founder of the architectural firm Nefa Architects Grigory Revzin Architectural critic, partner in KB Strelka Yuly Borisov General Director of the architectural firm UNK project Alexander Ryabsky Architect, partner in the architectural firm FAS(t) Marcelo Sanz Project coordinator at Bustren PM Alexander Seslavinsky Deputy Head - Chief of Metro construction Department Moscow Metropolitan VASILY TSERETELI Executive Director of Moscow Museum of Modern Art

Prize Each of ten participants chosen after First Stage Jury Meeting will get a refund 318,750 rubles (including VAT).

Entry Fee None

Timetable Winner announced: 28 Jan. 2016

Organizer Moscow

Official Website

• Atlas On Board
• Atlas Ashore ™

Always Included

• Antarctica Expedition Team
• Arctic Expedition Team
• Atlas Yacht Club
• 9-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 10.30.24
• 11-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 11.8.24
• 9-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 11.13.24
• 9-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 11.19.24
• 13-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 11.22.24
• 5-Night King George Island Roundtrip 11.27.24
• 11-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 11.28.24
• 5-Night King George Island Roundtrip 12.2.24
• 11-Night Roundtrip Ushuaia 12.9.24
• 11-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 12.9.24
• 11-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 1.5.25
• 9-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 1.6.25
• 11-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 1.9.25
• 9-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 1.15.25
• 18-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 1.16.25
• 11-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 1.24.25
• 11-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 2.3.25
• 9-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 2.4.25
• 11-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 2.11.25
• 9-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 2.13.25
• 10-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 1.5.26
• 10-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 1.6.26
• 18-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 1.8.26
• 9-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 1.15.26
• 9-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 1.16.26
• 9-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 1.24.26
• 11-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 1.25.26
• 11-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 2.2.26
• 9-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 2.5.26
• 14-Night Ushuaia Roundtrip 2.6.26
• View Antarctica
• 7-Night Tromso to Longyearbyen 6.21.24
• 9-Night Longyearbyen Roundtrip 6.28.24
• 9-Night Longyearbyen Roundtrip 7.7.24
• 11-Night Longyearbyen Roundtrip 7.16.24
• 10-Night Reykjavik to Kangerlussuaq 8.5.24
• 10-Night Kangerlussuaq to Reykjavik 8.15.24
• 11-Night Reykjavik to Kangerlussuaq 8.21.24
• 12-Night Reykjavik to Longyearbyen 8.25.24
• 11-Night Kangerlussuaq to Reykjavik 9.1.24
• 9-Night Longyearbyen to Reykjavik 9.6.24
• 24-Night Edinburgh To Longyearbyen 6.17.25
• 12-Night Trondheim to Longyearbyen 06.29.25
• 9-Night Longyearbyen Roundtrip 7.11.25
• 11-Night Longyearbyen Roundtrip 7.20.25
• 18-Night Copenhagen To Longyearbyen 8.8.25
• 10-Night Reykjavík To Kangerlussuaq 8.09.25
• 9-Night Tromso to Longyearbyen 8.17.25
• 10-Night Kangerlussuaq To Reykjavík 8.19.25
• 9-Night Longyearbyen Roundtrip 8.26.25
• 10-Night Longyearbyen to Reykjavik 9.4.25
• View The Arctic
• 17-Night Lisbon to Dublin 5.7.24
• 8-Night London to Dublin 5.16.24
• 8-Night Dublin to Reykjavik 5.24.24
• 11-Night London to Tromso 6.10.24
• 11-Night Oslo to Reykjavik 8.10.24
• 8-Night Reykjavik to Amsterdam 9.12.24
• 9-Night Dublin to London 9.23.24
• 10-Night London to Glasgow 5.26.25
• 12-Night Edinburgh to Trondheim 6.17.25
• 11-Night Reykjavik to Oslo 7.10.25
• 9-Night Stockholm To Copenhagen 7.30.25
• 9-Night Copenhagen to Tromso 8.8.25
• 14-Night Reykjavík to Dublin 8.29.25
• 7-Night Reykjavík to Dublin 8.29.25
• View Northern Europe
• 8-Night Reykjavik Roundtrip 6.1.24
• 9-Night Reykjavik to Bergen 6.9.24
• 9-Night Reykjavik Roundtrip 7.3.24
• 11-Night Reykjavik to Oslo 7.12.24
• 7-Night Reykjavik Roundtrip 6.19.25
• 8-Night Reykjavík To Dublin 09.14.25
• View Iceland & Greenland
• 9-Night Nice to Lisbon 4.28.24
• 7-Night Casablanca to Barcelona 4.29.24
• 7-Night Barcelona Roundtrip 5.6.24
• 9-Night Lisbon to London 5.7.24
• 7-Night Barcelona to Nice 5.13.24
• 9-Night Nice to Venice 5.27.24
• 21-Night Lisbon to Tromso 5.31.24
• 10-Night Lisbon to London 5.31.24
• 9-Night Venice to Athens 6.5.24
• 10-Night Athens to Valletta 6.14.24
• 12-Night Las Palmas to Casablanca 4.15.25
• 15-Night Barcelona to Rome 05.05.25
• 17-Night Lisbon to Zeebrugge 5.20.25
• 7-Night Rome to Barcelona 05.20.25
• 7-Night Lisbon To Bordeaux 5.20.25
• 14-Night Barcelona To Venice 5.27.25
• 10-Night Bordeaux to Zeebrugge 5.27.25
• 11-Night Venice To Rome 6.10.25
• 8-Night Naples To Nice 7.12.25
• 16-Night Naples To Barcelona 7.12.25
• 10-Night Sta Cruz de Tenerife to Lisbon 4.9.26
• View Mediterranean
• 10-Night Montevideo to Ushuaia 11.3.24
• 13-Night Ushuaia to Buenos Aires 4.2.25
• 13-Night Ushuaia to Buenos Aires 3.3.26
• 10- Night Buenos Aires to Rio de Janeiro 3.16.26
• 14-Night Rio de Janeiro to Tenerife 3.26.26
• View South America
• 13-Night Bridgetown to Lisbon 5.16.24
• 16-Night Palma de Mallorca to Las Palmas 9.23.24
• 13-Night Las Palmas to Rio de Janeiro 10.14.24
• View Transoceanic
• 8-Night Bridgetown to Bridgetown 4.24.24
• 7-Night Bridgetown to Philipsburg 5.2.24
• 7-Night Philipsburg to Bridgetown 5.9.24
• 20-Night Philipsburg to Lisbon 5.9.24
• View The Caribbean
• View Patagonia & The Falklands
• Polar Expeditions
• Epicurean Expeditions
• Cultural Expeditions
• Accommodations

Conscious Navigation

• Our Company
• Executive Team
• Our Partners
• New 2025 2026 Antarctica Expeditions
• Academia Barilla
• Adventure Beyond Savings
• New 2025 Expeditions
• Second Guest Sails Free
• New 2025 Arctic Expeditions
• Sail More Save More
• Single Explorer Savings
• Military Edge

The Drake By Sea & Sky More Ways To Explore Antarctica

Experience extraordinary Antarctica to the fullest and in the shortest amount of time aboard our newest yacht, World Voyager ™ . Spend more time exploring the Antarctic Peninsula by flying over the Drake Passage one way and still lay claim to the iconic experience of sailing the other direction with our NEW Drake Express options. Or, if you’re an intrepid explorer, you can still conquer the famed Drake Passage both ways with all Ushuaia Roundtrip expeditions.

See all terms and conditions here .

— INAUGURAL SEASON BEGINS NOVEMBER 2023 —

Your sanctuary at sea.

Taste Perfection

Onboard life.

At Atlas Ocean Voyages, we encourage a holistic approach to life that incorporates mind, body and spirit. Connect with like-spirited explorers during Après Sea and satisfy your curiosity with exceptional guest lecturers to relish every aspect of a stimulating journey. From appreciating the dining experience to keeping up an exercise routine while on holiday to taking time for self-care, we cultivate an atmosphere of overall well-being in every space on board  World Voyager .

Make Yourself at Home

Aboard our intimate, yacht  World Voyager  you will find everything you want and need. Including three decks of spacious and elevated accommodations, various onboard dining options, spa and sauna amenities, social spaces for gathering with your fellow travelers and more,  World Voyager  has been designed to always deliver relaxed luxury and highly personalized service.

An innovative hydro-jet propulsion system allows the purpose-built  World Voyager  to bring you closer to the environment and wildlife. The system gives the ship a quieter sound that’s less disruptive to the ecosystem, making for up-close and personal encounters that leave you in awe.

Intimate Yachting Expeditions ™

To Book, Call your Preferred Travel Advisor or our Voyage Specialists at 1.844.44.ATLAS (28527)  

• FREE cultural immersion
• FREE gourmet dining with ever-changing menus
• FREE unlimited beverages, including fine wines, spirits and craft beers
• FREE open bars and lounges, including 24-hour bar service with specialty canapés
• FREE stocked in-room minibar
• FREE specialty coffees, teas and fresh-pressed juices
• FREE afternoon and high tea
• FREE champagne and gourmet canapés during meet and greet
• FREE 24-hour room service, including spirits, wine and beer
• FREE L'OCCITANE bath amenities
• FREE pre-paid gratuities
• FREE use of walking sticks and binoculars
• FREE reusable water bottle
• FREE butler service and expanded room service menu in suites

Exclusively on Polar Expeditions

• FREE private charter jet service*
• FREE enrichment lectures and destination briefings
• FREE shore landings led by expert field guides
• FREE escorted sightseeing safaris by Zodiac
• FREE polar plunge
• FREE Atlas Ocean Voyages parka and vest
• FREE use of knee boots
• FREE private group transfers between airport and yacht*
• FREE 1-night pre-cruise hotel stay on all Antarctica expeditions
• FREE 1-night post-cruise hotel stay on select Antarctica expeditions

Exclusively on Epicurean Expeditions

• FREE cultural immersion includes culinary experience ashore, such as local market visits, specialty tastings and more
• FREE Josper Grill Dining Experience at 7AFT Grill
• FREE culinary presentations and wine tastings
• FREE cooking demonstrations and cuisine tastings
• FREE events hosted by a Tastes & Traditions Expert on select expeditions
• FREE Atlas Ocean Voyages backpack

Exclusively on Cultural Expeditions

• FREE enrichment programs and workshops on select expeditions
• FREE authentic, local experiences and on board events on select expeditions

JOIN OUR EMAIL LIST.

Atlas experience, travel advisors, media center.

Sign up and be the first to know about special offers, new itineraries and more.

I am a Travel Advisor

Agency Name

• All Destinations Antarctica  (69) Arctic  (20) Caribbean  (4) Holy Land and Egypt  (0) Iceland and Greenland  (19) Mediterranean  (53) Northern Europe  (21) Patagonia and The Falklands  (4) South America  (6) Transoceanic  (4) Select
• All Yachts World Navigator  (56) World Traveller  (58) World Voyager  (63) Select
• All Ports Cruising Greenland Sea  (1) Otranto (Puglia), Italy  (2) Bastia (Corsica), France  (2) Koper, Slovenia  (1) Rijeka, Croatia  (1) Navigating the Strait of Messina  (1) Roseau, Dominica  (1) Fort-de-France, Martinique  (1) Ajaccio (Corsica), France  (1) Rønne (Bornholm), Denmark  (1) Binz (Rügen), Germany  (1) Sandnes, Norway  (2) Santa Maria Island (Azores), Portugal  (1) São Jorge Island (Azores), Portugal  (1) Palmeira (Sal), Cape Verde  (1) Positano, Italy  (2) Amalfi/Salerno, Italy  (1) Piraeus (Athens), Greece  (9) Barcelona, Spain  (13) Búzios, Brazil  (2) Cartagena, Spain  (4) Chania/Souda, Crete, Greece  (2) Civitavecchia (Rome), Italy  (13) Capri, Italy  (8) Ravello, Italy  (2) Giardini Naxos (Taormina/Mt. Etna), Italy  (2) Syracuse (Sicily), Italy  (3) Gozo, Malta  (2) Valletta, Malta  (8) Lisbon, Portugal  (21) Gibraltar, UK  (8) Malaga, Spain  (8) Palma de Mallorca, Spain  (7) Mahon (Menorca), Spain  (6) Portofino, Italy  (6) Giardini Naxos (Taormina/Mt. Etna)  (1) Zakynthos, Greece  (2) Katakolon (Olympia), Greece  (3) Puerto Banus (Marbella), Spain  (2) Trapani (Sicily), Italy  (3) Patmos, Greece  (1) Corinth Canal Transit  (4) Itea (Delphi), Greece  (3) Naples (Pompeii), Italy  (2) Livorno (Florence/Pisa), Italy  (9) Marseilles (Aix-en-Provence), France  (5) Valencia, Spain  (1) Rio de Janeiro, Brazil  (2) Funchal (Madeira), Portugal  (3) Santa Cruz, Tenerife, Canary Islands  (4) Recife, Brazil  (1) Ilhabela, Brazil  (1) Punta del Este, Uruguay  (3) Montevideo, Uruguay  (4) Ushuaia, Argentina  (68) Buenos Aires, Argentina  (4) Port Stanley, Falkland Islands - Captain’s Choice  (8) Puerto Madryn, Argentina  (1) Exploring South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands - Captain’s Choice  (7) Exploring the South Shetland Islands - Captain’s Choice, Antarctica  (64) Bridgetown, Barbados  (5) Mayreau, St. Vincent and the Grenadines  (1) Kusadasi (Ephesus), Turkey  (1) Itajai/Florianopolis, Brazil  (1) Drake Passage Navigation  (64) Crossing the Antarctic Circle - Captain’s Choice  (30) Santorini, Greece  (2) Praia (Santiago), Cape Verde  (2) Arrecife (Lanzarote), Canary Islands  (5) Casablanca, Morocco  (9) Portimão, Portugal  (10) Sagres, Portugal  (2) Seville, Spain  (6) Ibiza, Spain  (5) Saint Tropez, France  (1) Monte Carlo, Monaco  (3) Sorrento (Pompeii), Italy  (1) Porto-Vecchio (Corsica), France  (2) Cannes, France  (1) Sete (Montpellier), France  (3) Cadiz, Spain  (3) Leixoes (Porto), Portugal  (10) La Coruña, Spain  (8) Bordeaux, France  (10) St. Peter Port,( Guernsey) Channel Islands  (9) London (Tower Bridge), England  (10) St Mary’s (Isles of Scilly), England  (4) Cork (Cobh), Ireland  (5) Galway, Ireland  (2) Killybegs, Ireland  (2) Londonderry, Northern Ireland  (2) Belfast, Northen Ireland  (7) Dublin, Ireland  (13) Lerwick (Shetland Islands), Scotland  (3) Glasgow (Greenock), Scotland  (3) Fort William (Loch Ness), Scotland  (2) Stornoway (Isles of Lewis), Scotland  (5) Bergen, Norway  (8) Flåm, Norway  (8) Olden, Norway  (1) Geiranger, Norway  (7) Kristiansund, Norway  (1) Trondheim, Norway  (5) Leknes (Lofoten Islands), Norway  (4) Arctic Circle Crossing  (3) Tromsø, Norway  (8) Longyearbyen (Svalbard), Norway  (14) Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard), Norway  (10) Ittoqqortoormiit, Greenland  (3) Isafjörður, Iceland  (9) Reykjavik, Iceland  (9) Heimaey (Vestmannaeyjar), Iceland  (7) Tórshavn (Faroe Islands), Denmark  (6) Kirkwall (Orkney Islands), Scotland  (2) Invergordon (Loch Ness), Scotland  (2) Leith (Edinburgh), Scotland  (5) Douglas, Isle of Man  (7) Liverpool, England  (1) Riga, Latvia  (1) Tallinn, Estonia  (1) Helsinki, Finland  (1) Stockholm, Sweden  (1) Gdansk, Poland  (1) Ijmuiden (Amsterdam), The Netherlands  (5) Honfleur (Paris/Normandy), France  (8) St. Malo, France  (6) Le Palais, Belle Isle, France  (2) Punta Arenas, Chile - Captain’s Choice  (1) Hydra, Greece  (1) Nafplion (Mycenae/Epidaurus), Greece  (3) Cassis (Aix-En-Provence), France  (1) Nice, France  (13) Gustavia, St. Barts  (4) Ceuta, Spain  (1) Corfu, Greece  (3) Dubrovnik (Old Town), Croatia  (7) Las Palmas (Gran Canaria), Canary Islands, Spain  (8) Hvar Island, Croatia  (4) Kotor, Montenegro  (10) Porto Santo, Madeira, Portugal  (2) Portoferraio (Tuscany), Italy  (3) Porto Venere, (Cinque Terre), Italy  (4) Sanary-Sur-Mer (Bandol), France  (1) Saranda (Butrint), Albania  (3) Stromboli Volcano Circumnavigation  (2) Tangier, Morocco  (9) Trogir, Croatia  (2) Venice, Italy  (8) Rabat (Casablanca), Morocco  (1) Glacier Alley - Captain’s Choice  (1) Philipsburg, St. Maarten  (3) Magdalena Island, Chile - Captain’s Choice  (2) New Island, Falkland Islands - Captain’s Choice  (6) West Point Island, Falkland Islands — Captain’s Choice  (3) Lipari Island (Sicily), Italy  (5) Fiskardo (Kefalonia), Greece  (3) Sibenik, Croatia  (1) Monopoli, Italy  (1) San Remo, Italy  (1) Saint-Tropez, France  (3) Port Vendres, France  (3) Roses, Spain  (2) Alicante, Spain  (3) Almeria (Granada), Spain  (4) Port Elizabeth (Bequia), St. Vincent and the Grenadines  (1) Puerto del Rosario(Fuerteventura), Canary Islands, Spain  (3) Safi, Morocco  (7) San Sebastian (La Gomera), Canary Islands, Spain  (4) Santa Cruz (La Palma), Canary Islands, Spain  (5) Santander, Spain  (2) Port Medoc (Bordeaux), France  (3) Akureyri, Iceland  (8) Grundarfjörður, Iceland  (6) Kangerlussuaq, Greenland  (6) Nuuk, Greenland  (6) Narsarsuaq, Greenland  (3) Ilulissat (Disko Bay), Greenland  (4) Sisimiut, Greenland  (1) Kangaamiut, Greenland  (1) Arsuk, Greenland  (3) Nanortalik, Greenland  (1) Itilleq, Greenland  (1) Crossing N80 Moffen,Captain’s Choice  (8) Patreksfjörður, Iceland  (1) Seyðisfjörður, Iceland  (7) Gudvangen, Norway  (7) Kristiansand, Norway  (2) Arendal, Norway  (2) Porto Cervo (Sardinia), Italy  (4) Zeebrugge (Bruges), Belgium  (2) Oslo, Norway  (3) Ilheus, Brazil  (1) Terre-de-Haut, (Iles de Saintes), Guadeloupe  (1) Little Bay, Montserrat  (1) Ålesund, Norway  (7) Exploring Greenland-Captain’s Choice  (3) Exploring Svalbard - Captain’s Choice  (14) Fjords of Greenland - Captain’s Choice  (3) Eskifjordur, Iceland  (2) Grimsey, Iceland  (2) Hammerfest, Norway  (3) Exploring the Antarctic Peninsula – Captain’s Choice  (68) Gijon, Spain  (5) Agadir, Morocco  (5) Palamos, Spain  (2) Propriano, Corsica, France  (1) Ile-Rousse, Corsica, France  (1) Parga, Greece  (2) Split, Croatia  (1) Saint-Raphael , France  (2) Toulon, France  (2) Garibaldi Glacier, Chile - Captain’s Choice  (4) Skagen, Denmark  (2) Stavanger, Norway  (5) Sisimiut, Greenland  (2) Ponta Delgada (Azores) Portugal  (2) Praia da Vitoria (Azores), Portugal  (3) Bilbao, Spain  (8) Holyhead, Wales  (3) Surtsey Island Scenic Navigation  (2) Eqi Glacier (Disko Bay), Greenland  (4) Prince Christian Sound - Captain’s Choice  (6) Reykjavik, Iceland  (13) Copenhagen, Denmark  (3) La Goulette, Tunisia  (1) Mindelo (Sao Vicente), Cape Verde  (1) Tarragona, Spain  (1) Collioure, France  (1) Peniscola, Spain  (1) Menton, France  (1) Mykonos, Greece  (3) Igoumenitsa, Greece  (2) King George Island, South Shetland Islands  (8) Ilha Grande, Brazil  (1) Rodney Bay, Saint Lucia  (3) Les Trois-Ilets, Martinique  (3) Pointe-á-Pitre, Guadeloupe  (3) Carambola Beach, St. Kitts & Nevis  (3) Sandy Ground, Anguilla  (3) Lajes do Pico (Azores), Portugal  (2) Newcastle upon Tyne, England  (2) Molde, Norway  (3) Reine, Norway  (2) Lofoten & Vaerøy Islands Cruising  (2) Skarsvåg (North Cape), Norway  (3) Qaqortoq, Greenland  (2) Paamiut, Greenland  (2) Akulleq Island, Greenland  (2) Waterford, Ireland  (2) Bantry, Ireland  (3) Falmouth, England  (1) Poole, England  (1) Ancona, Italy  (3) Durres (Tirana), Albania  (3) Sao Francisco do Sul, Brazil  (1) Isla de los Estados, Argentina  (3) Magdalena, Chile - Captain’s Choice  (1) Exploring the South Orkney Islands - Captain’s Choice, Antarctica  (8) At Sea  (81) Spetses, Greece  (1) Messina (Sicily), Italy  (1) Aberdeen, Scotland  (3) Scrabster, Scotland  (3) Måløy, Norway  (3) Crotone (Calabria), Italy  (1) Porto Santo Stefano, Italy  (1) Kongsbreen Glacier Cruising — Captain’s Choice  (2) Caen (Normandy), France  (2) Dunkirk, France  (2) La Rochelle, France  (1) Rouen (Paris), France  (2) Saint-Jean-de-Luz, France  (4) Bodø, Norway  (2) Alta, Norway  (2) Höfn, Iceland  (3) Siglufjörður, Iceland  (1) Greenock (Glasgow), Scotland  (1) Tobermory, Scotland  (3) Ullapool, Scotland, UK  (1) Tilbury (London), England  (1) Klaipeda, Lithuania  (1) Vilagarcía (Santiago de Compostela), Spain  (2) Zadar, Croatia  (1) Select
• All Offers Drake Fly & Sail  (0) Fall Savings Event  (0) Select

We're here for you!

Let us connect you with an Atlas Ocean Voyages expert to help you plan the best vacation today.

Phone Number

For immediate assistance call us at 1.844.44.ATLAS (28527).

I am a Travel Advisor I am working with a Travel Advisor I am not working with a Travel Advisor

Privacy Policy

Thermodynamics of titanium oxides in metallurgical slags

• Published: 02 September 2015
• Volume 2015 , pages 346–353, ( 2015 )

Cite this article

• A. V. Alpatov 1 &
• S. N. Paderin 2  

72 Accesses

Explore all metrics

The energy parameters of the model of a pseudoregular ionic solution are estimated for binary oxide phase diagrams in seven systems containing titanium oxide. The obtained parameters are compared to the available theoretical and experimental data on the thermodynamic properties of TiO 2 in liquid binary systems. The model of a pseudoregular ionic solution is extended to the liquid eight-component FeO-MnO-CaO-MgO-SiO 2 -CrO 1.5 -AlO 1.5 -TiO 2 system, as applied to metallurgical slags containing titanium oxides.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price includes VAT (Russian Federation)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Rent this article via DeepDyve

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Phase Equilibrium Study of the CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-TiO2 System at 1300°C and 1400°C in Air

Junjie Shi, Min Chen, … Ari Jokilaakso

Phase Equilibria of Ti-bearing Electric Furnace Slags in the CaO-MgO-SiO2-13%Al2O3-50%TiO2 System

Jianfa Jing, Shuai Wang, … Lingzhi Yang

Thermodynamic Analysis of the Deoxidizing Ability of Strontium in Liquid Iron in the Presence of Aluminum

L. A. Makrovets, O. V. Samoilova, … I. V. Bakin

N. A. Smirnova, Molecular Theory of Solutions (Khimiya, Leningrad, 1987).

Google Scholar  

A. V. Senin, O. V. Kuznetsova, A. A. Lykasov, et al., “Calculation of the activities of the components of oxide melts in terms of the model of an ideal solution of interaction proiducts,” in Structure and Properties of Metallic and Slag Melts. Vol. 3. Structure and Properties of Slag Melts (YuUrGU, Chelyabinsk, 2004).

V. A. Kozheurov, Thermodynamics of Metallurgical Slags (Metallurgiya, Sverdlovsk, 1955).

Ban-Ya Shiro and Jae-Dong Shim, “Application of regular solution model for the equilibrium of distribution of oxygen between liquid iron and steelmaking slags,” Can. Met. Quart. 21 (4), 319–328 (1982).

Article   Google Scholar  

Shiro Ban-Ya, “Mathematical expression of slag–metal reaction in steelmaking process by quadratic formalism based on the regular solution model,” ISIJ Intern. 33 (1), 2–11 (1993).

E. M. Vil’gel’m and G. G. Mikhailov, “On the application of the thermodynamics of ionic melts,” in Physicochemical Studies of Metallurgical Processes (UPI, Sverdlovsk, 1978), Vol. 6.

A. D. Pelton and M. Blander, “Thermodynamic analysis of ordered liquid solutions by modified quasichemical approach—application to silicate slags,” Met. Trans. B 17 , 805–815 (1986).

V. I. Antonenko and D. Ya. Povolotskii, “Electrostatic version of the theory of ionic solutions and its application to calculating the metal–slag interaction,” Izv. Chelyab. Nauchn. Tsentra UrO RAN, No. 2 , 71–80 (1999).

D. R. Gaskell, “Thermodynamic models of liquid silicates,” Can. Met. Quart. 20 (1), 3–19 (1981).

P. Sastri and A.K. Lahiri, “Applicability of central atom models to binary silicate and aluminate melts,” Met. Trans. B 16 , 325–331 (1985).

A. G. Ponomarenko, “Problems of the thermodynamics of phases of variable compositions that have a collective electron system: I. The free energy of the phase,” Zh. Fiz. Khim. XLVIII (7), 1668–1671 (1974).

A. G. Ponomarenko and E. P. Mavrenova, “Problems of the thermodynamics of phases of variable compositions that have a collective electron system: I I. Estimation of the energy parameters,” Zh. Fiz. Khim. XLVIII (7), 1672–1674 (1974).

S. N. Paderin and A. V. Alpatov, “Energy parameters in the model of regular ionic solutions as applied to metallurgical slags,” Elektrometallurgiya, No. 9 , 34–41 (2008).

Atlas of Slags , (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1985).

E. T. Turkdogan, Physical Chemistry of High Temperature Technology (Academic, New York, 1980).

G. Eriksson and A.D. Pelton, “Critical evaluation and optimization of the thermodynamic properties and phase diagrams of the MnO–TiO 2 , MgO–TiO 2 , FeO–TiO 2 , Ti 2 O 3 –TiO 2 , Na 2 O–TiO 2 and K 2 O–TiO 2 systems,” Met. Trans. B 24 , 795–805 (1993).

Y. Q. Hou, G. Xie, D. P. Tao, and X. H. Yu, “Application of modified quasi-regular solution model to binary metallurgical molten slag systems,” J. Iron Steel Res. Intern. 17 (10), 13–17 (2010).

Shiro Ban-Ya, A. Chiba, and A. Hikosaka, “Thermodynamics of Fe t O–M x O y (M x O y = CaO, SiO 2 , TiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 ) binary melts in equilibrium with solid iron,” Tetsu-to-hagane 66 , 1484–1493 (1980).

Y. B. Kang and H. G. Lee, “Experimental study of phase equilibria in the MnO–“TiO 2 ”–“Ti 2 O 3 ” system,” ISIJ Intern. 45 (11), 1543–1551 (2005).

B. K. D. P. Rao and D. R. Gaskel, “The thermodynamic activity of MnO in melts containing SiO 2 , B 2 O 3 and TiO 2 ,” Met. Trans. B 12 , 469–477 (1981).

T. G. Kim, W. K. Lee, J. H. Park, D. J. Min, and H. S. Song, “Sulfide capacity and phase equilibria of MnO–TiO 2 –MnS system at1723K,” ISIJ Intern. 41 (12), 1460–1464 (2001).

M. Ito, K. Morita, and N. Sano, “Thermodynamics of the MnO–SiO 2 –TiO 2 system at1673K,” ISIJ Intern. 37 (9), 839–843 (1997).

M. Ohta and K. Morita, “Thermodynamics of the MnO–Al 2 O 3 –TiO 2 system,” ISIJ Intern. 39 (12), 1231–1238 (1999).

A. S. Berezhnoi, Multicomponent Oxide Systems (Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 1970).

Download references

Author information

Authors and affiliations.

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 49, Moscow, 119991, Russia

A. V. Alpatov

OAO Elektrostal’ Metallurgical Works, Elektrostal’, Moscow oblast, Russia

S. N. Paderin

You can also search for this author in PubMed   Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. V. Alpatov .

Additional information

Original Russian Text © A.V. Alpatov, S.N. Paderin, 2015, published in Metally, 2015, No. 3, pp. 11–18.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Alpatov, A.V., Paderin, S.N. Thermodynamics of titanium oxides in metallurgical slags. Russ. Metall. 2015 , 346–353 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S003602951505002X

Download citation

Received : 21 July 2014

Published : 02 September 2015

Issue Date : May 2015

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1134/S003602951505002X

Share this article

Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:

Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.

Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative

• Phase Diagram
• RUSSIAN Metallurgy
• Energy Parameter
• Find a journal
• Publish with us
• Track your research