sudan travel visa

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Complete Guide to Sudan Visa: Everything You Need to Know

Are you planning to visit sudan here's everything you need to know about getting a visa for sudan. from the required documents to the application process, this comprehensive guide will help you navigate the visa requirements seamlessly. ensure a smooth travel experience to sudan by familiarizing yourself with the visa application procedure..

Key Takeaways:

• Understand and navigate the Sudan visa process with this straightforward guide, including types of visas and application steps.
• The processing time for a Sudan visa can vary, so apply well in advance to avoid delays.
• Ensure a successful visa application by providing accurate information, keeping copies of documents, and checking health requirements.

Understanding the Sudan Visa Process

Applying for a visa can be an intimidating process with all the paperwork and regulations. If you’re planning a trip to Sudan, it’s essential to know the steps and requirements to ensure your application goes smoothly. Here’s a straightforward guide to obtaining a visa for Sudan.

Types of Visas for Sudan

There are different visas based on the reason for your visit. Travelers to Sudan typically apply for one of the following:

• Tourist Visa : If you’re visiting Sudan for sightseeing, this is the type of visa you require.
• Business Visa: For those intending to do business in the country.
• Transit Visa: If you’re traveling through Sudan to reach another destination.
• Entry Visa: If you have an invitation from a sponsor within Sudan.

How to Apply for a Sudan Visa

To apply for a visa, follow these general steps:

• Fill out the visa application form, which you can find on the official Sudanese embassy or consulate website in your country.
• Gather the required documents. These usually include a passport valid for at least six months after your planned exit from Sudan, passport-sized photographs, and travel itinerary details.
• For tourist visas, you may need to provide proof of accommodation, like hotel reservations, or a letter of invitation if staying with a Sudanese host.
• Pay the visa fee, which varies depending on the type of visa and the applicant’s nationality.

It’s important to check with the Sudanese embassy or consulate in your home country for the most up-to-date and specific requirements.

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The processing time for a Sudan visa can vary. Typically, it can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks. It’s always advised to apply well in advance of your trip to avoid any delays that could disrupt your plans.

Key Tips for Successful Visa Application

• Make sure all the information you provide is accurate and complete. Mistakes or missing details can lead to delays or even denial of your visa.
• Keep copies of all documents and forms you submit for your records.
• Check if you need vaccinations or any other health-related documentation, as health regulations are stringent.

Extending Your Stay in Sudan

Once in Sudan, if you wish to extend your stay, you will need to apply for an extension before your current visa expires. This is usually done at the Aliens Department at the Ministry of Interior in Khartoum.

Travel Safely and Legally

Traveling with the correct visa not only keeps you legal but ensures you can enjoy your trip without unnecessary complications. For further information and updates on the Sudan visa process, it’s best to consult the official Sudanese embassy or consulate website for the most reliable and up-to-date information.

In conclusion, obtaining a visa for Sudan requires a bit of preparation. By following the guidelines provided, understanding the types of visas available, preparing your documents, and adhering to the application process, you’re setting yourself up for a trouble-free journey to this culturally rich and historic country.

So, now you’re all set to navigate the Sudan Visa process like a pro! Remember, accuracy is key, and don’t forget your travel buddy – paperwork. If you’re hungry for more info, hop on over to visaverge.com for additional deets and handy tips. Happy travels, my tech-savvy friends!

FAQ’s to know:

FAQ 1: What are the types of visas available for Sudan?

Answer: There are different types of visas available for Sudan based on the purpose of your visit. These include tourist visas for sightseeing, business visas for conducting business activities, transit visas for travelers passing through Sudan to another destination, and entry visas for those who have a sponsor within Sudan.

FAQ 2: How long does it take for a Sudan visa application to be approved?

Answer: The processing time for a Sudan visa application can vary. Typically, it can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks. It is advisable to apply well in advance of your travel dates to avoid any potential delays or disruptions.

FAQ 3: Can I extend my stay in Sudan after obtaining a visa?

Answer: Yes, if you wish to extend your stay in Sudan, you can apply for an extension before your current visa expires. You will need to visit the Aliens Department at the Ministry of Interior in Khartoum to apply for the visa extension. It is important to adhere to the visa extension process to stay legally in the country.

Remember to consult the official Sudanese embassy or consulate website for the most accurate and up-to-date information regarding the Sudan visa process.

What did you learn? Answer below to know:

• What is the required validity period for a passport when applying for a Sudan visa? a) 3 months b) 6 months c) 9 months d) 12 months
• Which visa should you apply for if you plan to visit Sudan for sightseeing purposes? a) Business Visa b) Transit Visa c) Entry Visa d) Tourist Visa
• Where can you find the most reliable and up-to-date information about the Sudan visa process? a) Official Sudanese tourism website b) UN travel advisory website c) Sudanese embassy or consulate website d) Online travel forums and blogs

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Sudan Travel Guide: All you need to know to visit Sudan in 2024

Welcome to sudan.

Ancient civilizations and breathtaking scenery coexist in the enchanted region of Sudan, where every visitor will experience a genuine welcome. This trip guide is your starting point for discovering Northeast Africa’s undiscovered beauty. Set off on a trip through time as you travel across legendary Sudan, a country that is home to a diverse range of historical, cultural, and natural attractions.

Document checklist for Sudan

Valid Passport: at least six months beyond your intended stay in Sudan.

Flight Tickets

Travel Insurance

Accommodation Details

Travel Itinerary

Vaccination Certificate

Essential Sudan travel information

Currency  – The currency of Sudan is the Sudanese Pound (SDG). 1 USD is equal to 601.50 SDG.

Daily budget for one person  – 1,500 SDG to 5,000 SDG

Language  – The official language of Sudan is Arabic.

Top 3 cities to visit  – Khartoum, Omdurman, Kassala

Top 3 landmarks/monuments  – Pyramids of Meroe, Jebel Barkal, Nuri Pyramids

Socket type  – The electrical plugs in Sudan are Type C and Type D. 230V supply voltage, and 50Hz frequency are the norms for operation in Sudan.

Time zone  – Sudan is in the East Africa Time (EAT) zone, UTC+3.

Typical costs and budget for Sudan

Daily spending  – 1,500 SDG to 5,000 SDG

Meals  – 50 to 150 SDG per person

Transport  – 5 to 20 SDG per ride.

Hotel  – 300 to 1,000 SDG per night.

Transport and best ways to travel around Sudan

Given the size of Sudan, your transportation options may differ based on the area you’re visiting and the infrastructure that is in place at the time.

Sudan has several domestic airports that link its major cities. Flying is a practical choice if you need to go considerable distances swiftly. Carriers, including Sudan Airways and Badr Airlines, offer domestic flights.

Buses are a well-liked means of transportation for both short- and long-distance trips between cities and villages. Though sometimes the road conditions may not be ideal, be ready for lengthier journey durations.

Some of the largest cities, including Khartoum, Atbara, and Wadi Halfa, are connected by a meager railway network in Sudan. If they run along your route, trains may be a relaxing and picturesque mode of transportation.

You could have greater freedom to go at your leisure by renting a car or hailing a cab. Taxis and ride-hailing services are available in cities and are a practical means of local transportation.

Safety in Sudan

Over the years, Sudan has suffered both political instability and civil unrest. Longtime leader Omar al-Bashir resigned in 2019 as a consequence of protests. A provisional administration was established afterward, but political turmoil and protests were still possible.

Armed conflicts and violence have impacted several areas of Sudan, including Darfur, Blue Nile, and South Kordofan. Due to the likelihood of violence and insecurity, these regions should be avoided.

Urban environments are susceptible to petty crime like pickpocketing and stealing, especially in busy locations like marketplaces and public transit. Visitors should take precautions and watch out for their goods.

Terrorist attacks have occurred in Sudan; they mainly targeted government and military facilities. In such circumstances, foreigners may be at risk. Thus, it’s critical to understand the current security situation.

Weather in Sudan

Sudan is a sizable nation in northeastern Africa with a primarily dry and desert-like climate. It has hot weather all year round, with April to June often being the warmest time of year. In many places, the temperature may rise considerably beyond 40°C (104°F) during this period.

If you’re considering visiting Sudan, you should be ready for the intense heat and take the necessary precautions to remain hydrated and protect yourself from the sun.

Famous Cities and Towns in Sudan

Khartoum:  At the Blue Nile and White Nile meeting point, it serves as the country’s capital and most significant metropolis.

Omdurman:  Omdurman, the second-largest city in Sudan and a component of the Khartoum metropolitan region is situated directly over the Nile from Khartoum.

Nyala : It is a significant city in the Darfur area of western Sudan and the administrative center of South Darfur state.

Must do and see in Sudan

Pyramids of Meroe:  More than 200 pyramids may be seen in the ancient city of Meroe, which lies close to the Nile River. These pyramids, built during the Kingdom of Kush, are a magnificent sight to see.

Jebel Barkal:  Jebel Barkal is a significant archaeological and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Ancient cultures revered this peak, which is ringed by temples and pyramids.

Khartoum:  The Sudanese capital, Khartoum, is a busy metropolis where you may learn about the contemporary culture of the nation, visit marketplaces and museums, and take in the sight of the meeting point of the Blue and White Niles.

Nile River Cruises:  It offers an opportunity to explore traditional communities, animals, and historic temples along the riverbanks is provided by a boat along the Nile River.

Typical Sudan food to try

Kisra:  Kisra is a thin flatbread made from fermented sorghum, an everyday staple in Sudan. It is typically served with a variety of sauces and stews.

Ful Medames:  It is prepared with fava beans and is seasoned with olive oil, onions, tomatoes, and spices, just like the South Sudanese version. It is a typical breakfast item.

Mulukhiyah:  The Corchorus plant’s leaves are used to make this tasty and healthy soup. It is frequently prepared with beef and offered with rice or kisra.

Fun facts about Sudan

• The ancient Nubian civilization formerly existed in Sudan’s northern region.
• There are more pyramids in Sudan than in Egypt!
• One of the first writing systems in Africa was the Meroitic script, which was employed in the ancient Kingdom of Kush.

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The earliest time to submit a Sudan visa application is one month before the intended travel date. It is advised that all visa applications be filed ten days before departure to enable enough time for visa processing.

The duration of this visa is 30 days. Depending on the reason for your travel and the type of visa you have, the Embassy will determine the validity and stay time.

The actual Passport will be stamped with the visa by the Embassy. The Passport must thus include two blank pages. Additionally, the validity of your Passport should extend at least six months beyond the desired stay.

Usually, it takes 4 working days to process a visa application.

On your Passport, the visa will be stamped.

Get your visa from VISABUD today.

Login into your account and apply for your visa online, through our online visa application form.

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• Passports, travel and living abroad
• Travel abroad
• Foreign travel advice

Entry requirements

This information is for people travelling on a full ‘British citizen’ passport from the UK who choose to travel against FCDO advice. It is based on the UK government’s understanding of the current rules for the most common types of travel.  

The authorities in Sudan set and enforce entry rules. If you’re not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the Sudanese Embassy in the UK .  

COVID-19 rules 

There are no COVID-19 testing or vaccination requirements for travellers entering Sudan. 

Passport validity requirements 

To enter Sudan, your passport must have an ‘expiry date’ at least 6 months after the date you arrive.  

Check with your travel provider that your passport and other travel documents meet requirements. Renew your passport if you need to.  

You will be denied entry if you do not have a valid travel document or try to use a passport that has been reported lost or stolen. 

Visa requirements 

You must have a visa to enter Sudan.  

Applying for a visa 

You can apply for a visa through the Sudanese Embassy in the UK , or through the Sudanese embassy in the country you’re travelling from.  

If you enter Sudan on a single-entry visa, you’ll need an exit visa to leave the country, though this is not always enforced. You can get more information on exit visas from Port Sudan Airport Immigration. You may need to show proof of your sponsor and pay the exit visa fee.  

Travel permits

You will not be allowed to leave the Red Sea State without a travel permit. You need to apply for that once in country and pay a fee. The requirements for each state are different. You will have to pay different amounts and go through different processes depending on your destination.  

Previous travel to Israel 

If your passport has an Israeli visa, entry or exit stamp, you will not be allowed to enter Sudan. 

Vaccination requirements  

To enter Sudan, you must have a certificate to prove you’ve had a yellow fever vaccination. 

For full details about medical entry requirements and recommended vaccinations, see TravelHealthPro’s Sudan guide . 

Registering with the authorities 

You must register with the Aliens Department at the Ministry of Interior within 3 days of your arrival in Sudan. You will need 2 passport size photos and to pay a fee.  

If you do not register within 3 days of arrival, you may be fined. Some larger hotels will do this for you. Ask when you check-in. 

Children and young people 

As well as a visa, children aged 17 and under must have their father’s consent to enter and exit Sudan. Children travelling without their father need a letter giving consent for them to enter and exit Sudan, though this is not always enforced.  

You must get the letter stamped at the Sudanese Embassy in the UK before travel. 

If the father is absent, mothers or guardians must get a court order which shows they have sole custodial rights for the children.  

If the parents are divorced, you’ll need to show divorce documents. 

If the father has died, you’ll need to show the death certificate.  

Contact the Sudanese Embassy in the UK for more information. 

Customs rules 

There are strict rules about goods you can take into or out of Sudan. You must declare anything that may be prohibited or subject to tax or duty. 

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Get a Sudan Visa

• When is the best time to apply for my Sudan visa? The best time to apply for your Sudan visa is 1-2 months before your travel date.
• Do I have to send you my passport to get a Sudan visa? Is it safe to send a passport? You will need to send your actual passport, not a copy of it. The Sudan visa is stamped on your passport and will become one of your passport pages. Visa requests cannot be processed without your original passport. Because of the importance of your passport, we strongly suggest that you send your application and passport to CIBTvisas in a secure way, using a traceable courier such as FedEx, UPS, Express Mail or Certified Mail.

Business Visa Application Requirements for a Sudan Visa

You must provide your actual signed passport, including one copy of the personal information page of your passport. Your passport must: Be valid for the next six months Have at least one blank visa page (amendments and endorsement pages cannot be used to fulfill this requirement) Hold no Israeli stamps Not be frayed, torn, separating, or altered in any other way If your passport does not meet these requirements, please contact CIBTvisas  at 800-929-2428 for further details.

Photographs

You must provide one color, passport-type photograph that meets the following criteria: Be taken within the last three months and printed on high-quality photo paper Be taken against an all white background Be two inches by two inches Provide the full frontal view of your head with your face centered in the middle and displaying a neutral (non-smiling) expression You may wear neither eyeglasses nor headwear except for religious purposes Your photo should not be affixed to your application and it may not display evidence of adhesive tape or staples

Visa Application Form

You must provide one fully completed copy of the visa application form found in this kit. The application form must:

• Include answers for all fields
• Display your full name as it appears in your passport

Special Instructions

Visa applications must first be presented to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the Sudan by one of the following: A sponsor (relatives or friends in Sudan) A sponsoring company based in Sudan Business partner based in Sudan A hotel or travel agency based in Sudan

Letter of Invitation

You must provide a letter of invitation from the individual you are visiting. The invitation must:

• Include your name, gender, and date of birth
• Provide host's full name, contact information, telephone number, mobile number, address, and signature
• Include information regarding the relationship between you and your host
• Detail the purpose of your trip
• Specify your arrival and departure dates
• Include the full address of the intended residence
• Specify who is financially responsible for the trip

CIBTvisas Order Form

Provide the CIBTvisas Order Form included in this kit.

Proof of Travel Arrangements

You must provide confirmed proof of travel arrangements and hotel accommodations for the duration of your trip. Details of your intended arrangements must:

• Include your confirmed ticketed flight itinerary and show proof of payment
• Include a copy of your hotel confirmation, which must show proof of payment
• Include your intended dates of stay

Proof of Yellow Fever Vaccination

It is recommended you provide an international certificate of vaccination against Yellow Fever and Cholera

Urgent Applications

If you have an urgent visa application that carries a tight deadline, CIBTvisas can help you to save valuable time and avoid expensive delays. A CIBTvisas expert will review all of your documents to certify your application is accurate, complete and ready for submission. We will contact you personally to quickly handle any mistakes ensuring your application is submitted correctly. Visit https://cibtvisas.com/visa-pre-check-service to learn more about this service.

Tourist Application Requirements for a Sudan Visa

You must provide your actual signed passport, including one copy of the personal information page of your passport. Your passport must: Be valid for the next six months Have at least one blank visa page (amendments and endorsement pages cannot be used to fulfill this requirement) Not be frayed, torn, separating, or altered in any other way If your passport does not meet these requirements, please contact CIBTvisas  at 800-929-2428 for further details.

You must provide two color, passport-type photographs that meets the following criteria: Be taken within the last three months and printed on high-quality photo paper Be taken against an all white background Be two inches by two inches Provide the full frontal view of your head with your face centered in the middle and displaying a neutral (non-smiling) expression You may wear neither eyeglasses nor headwear except for religious purposes Your photos should not be affixed to your application and it may not display evidence of adhesive tape or staples

Hotel Confirmation

You must provide a confirmation of your hotel accommodations. Your confirmation must: Include your intended dates of stay Display your full name

Visa Pre-Check

Have an urgent visa application that carries a tight deadline?   CIBTvisas can help you to save valuable time and avoid expensive delays.  A CIBTvisas expert will review all of your documents to confirm your application is accurate, complete and ready for submission. We will contact you personally to quickly handle any mistakes ensuring your application is submitted correctly.

Fast Track Your Visa

Need your visa processed quickly?   CIBTvisas can fast track your order and process it in the fewest days possible.

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A guide for traveling to Sudan: Itinerary + Travel tips

By Joan Torres 86 Comments Last updated on December 28, 2023

The streets were dusty and unpaved but it was the month of December, so a slight winter breeze produced a pleasant feeling. I felt like wandering around some villages settled along the Nile River, the shore of which is so fertile that, for a moment, I forgot that I was in the middle of the desert.

I desperately wanted to continue my journey to some villages located a few kilometers away, but the modest smiles, kindness, and hospitality of the Sudanese were blocking my way, as I was forced to have some tea every couple of meters.

The different smells and the women’s colorful dresses made me think that I was at the heart of the African continent but the sweets, sand dunes, camels and Arabic language, which is the official language in the country, invited me to believe that, perhaps, I was in the Middle East instead.

I went up to the top of a dune, from where, very thoughtful, I observed those incredible, off the beaten track pyramid ruins.

Welcome to Sudan, the land where, finally, the Middle East meets beautiful Africa

This guide for traveling to Sudan contains everything you need to know, including a complete 2-week itinerary, and tips regarding transportation, accommodation, visas and much more!

In this Sudan travel guide you will find:

Table of Contents

• COVID- 19 Travel Restrictions
• Quick travel tips
• Travel insurance for Sudan
• Books for traveling to Sudan
• Transportation in Sudan
• Money – How much does it cost?
• Sudan is an off the beaten track place
• A 2-week travel itinerary
• More Information

eSIM card for browsing when traveling in Sudan

With Holafly , you can now get an electronic SIM card for Sudan from home with just 2 clicks.

5% discount with the following code:

AGAINSTTHECOMPASS

😷 COVID-19 Travel restrictions for Sudan

On August 2nd, Sudan liften all COVID-related requirements but just in case, it’s recommended to have a vaccine certificate, in case the airline asks for it.

Travel Insurance for Sudan with COVID-19 coverage

IATI Insurance  is one of the few providers that offers full Coronavirus coverage, not only when it comes to treatment, but also cancellations costs in case you tested positive before departure.

And not only this, but it’s one of the few insurance providers that gives coverage for traveling to Sudan.

Readers of Against the Compass can get an exclusive 5% discount .

💡 Sudan travel guide – Quick useful tips for traveling to Sudan

Best time to travel to Sudan –   Sudan is one of the hottest countries in the world . If you really want to enjoy your trip to Sudan, you must go in winter, from November to February. The rest of the year, the heat is just unbearable, especially in summer. I went there in December and, at noon, the temperature reached over 34ºC. 

Is it safe to travel to Sudan? – With one of the lowest crime rates in the world today, the tourist part of Sudan is one of the safest areas in Africa. However, there are tribal conflicts in Darfur province (west) and near the border with South Sudan. This violence is quite far from the touristic routes and, in the unlikely event that you managed to get close to there, the violence would never target foreigners. For further details, check out my article: Is it safe to travel to Sudan?

Language – Arabic is the official language. Nevertheless, like in any African country, Sudan is also home to several different ethnicities who speak their own local language, as well. Basic English is spoken by a significant part of the population, especially those with a higher level of education. Communicating with people, as well as asking for directions, doesn’t impose any real problems when traveling in Sudan.

How to get there – Most people travel to Sudan overland, either from Egypt or Ethiopia. By plane, people tend to come from Cairo, Doha, Dubai or Addis Ababa. I entered Sudan from Egypt. For further information, check out my post: How to cross from Egypt to Sudan overland

🪪 Visa for traveling to Sudan

You can get a visa in your home country, in Addis Ababa (capital of Ethiopia) and in Cairo and Aswan, Egypt. I got my visa in Aswan, a city located very close to the Sudanese border.

Once you are in Sudan, you also need to register and complete a few bureaucratic steps. 

For further details, check out my article: How to get a visa for Sudan

🚑 Travel Insurance for Sudan

Because of the sanctions, few insurance providers cover travel in Sudan. The one which does, however, is IATI Insurance , and I also recommend it for these reasons:

• They have loads of different plans for all travelers: from families to budget backpackers
• Full COVID-19 coverage
• Covers for up to 1 year trips, good for overlanding around Africa
• Readers of Against the Compass readers can get an  exclusive 5% discount

📚 Recommended books for traveling in Sudan

Sudan Travel Guide by Bradt –  I highly recommend buying the guide from Bradt, the best book guide about Sudan out there. Bradt Guides has the most insightful guides about the most off the beaten track destinations.

The Sudanese people

Traveling in Sudan is such an enriching experience, due to the multiple, endless interactions with people, whose kindness and hospitality are part of their culture, as much as their language is. Besides a couple of archaeological sites , Sudan lacks actual tourist sites. Sudan is about all the people with whom you’ll share uncountable cups of tea, coffee, meals and, occasionally, especially in small villages, you’ll be invited to stay at their houses.

By the way, be aware that, from a religious point of view, Sudan is a very conservative society , Sunni Islam being the main religion. If you really want to enjoy and experience people’s hospitality at its best, you should respect their habits and rules. Outside of Khartoum, you should always wear long pants. Never talk to women, unless spoken to first and, even if they talk to you, don’t dare take a picture of them, without asking for their permission, first. If you are a couple, say that you are married, even if you are not. Otherwise, they wouldn’t understand it, as in their society that would be unacceptable.

Read: A guide for traveling to Egypt (itinerary + tips)

🛫 Transportation when traveling to Sudan

Remember to get travel insurance for Sudan IATI Insurance is one of the very few that covers travel in Sudan + COVID-19 5% discount if purchasing via this link

Public transportation –  Traveling around Sudan by public transport is pretty straightforward. Every day, throughout the day, from all cities, there are local minivans going in all directions. Prices are quite low and they leave once they are full. By the way, roads are in very good condition. 

Private Jeep – Many travelers prefer to hire a driver with a private jeep. I met a few foreigners who were traveling this way and, if you can afford it, you should know that it is very convenient, as you can visit many ruins which are very deep into the desert.

Hitchhiking – Very easy to hitch a ride.  Furthermore, since there’s practically only one road going in each direction, finding a vehicle going in the same direction as you is quite simple. 

Read: How to visit the Nubian pyramids of Sudan

💻 Internet and connectivity in Sudan

Internet – Since internet connection is practically non-existent, in Sudan, it’s advisable to plan your trip ahead. On several occasions, I wasn’t able to connect and had some trouble finding a place or trying to remember the name of a hotel. Outside the capital, especially in the north, Wi-Fi doesn’t exist and the only way to connect is through a SIM card, which works terribly slowly, meaning that you’ll barely be able to browse anything.

Khartoum is the only place where 3G works OK. Update February 2018 : According to Patrick from German Backpacker , 3G has improved, at least if you get an MTN Sim Card.

SIM Cards – They are sold everywhere. If you say you want a SIM Card, they might not understand you, so you should say: Shariha Sudani . A card should cost 5SDG, with a few calls. You need pay extra for having internet. There are several phone companies like  (Zain, MTN, and Sudantel), all of them offering different packages, always pretty cheap. MTN seems to be the most reliable one. Registration with your passport is always necessary.

eSIM for browsing, calling and traveling in Sudan

Basically, an eSIM is a regular SIM card with a digital format that works like a normal physical SIM card, with the added benefit that you can buy it from home before the beginning of your trip, hence avoiding the hassle of buying it at your destination. 

With Holafly , you can get a SIM Card for a wide range of destinations, including Sudan . 

Moreover, you can benefit from a 5% discount with the following code:  AGAINSTTHECOMPASS

Get a VPN for traveling in Sudan

You should always use a VPN when you travel, especially when you connect to public Wi-Fi networks.

Your connection will be much safer. 

Moreover, you will be able to access content which is typically censored in Sudan. 

I recommend ExpressVPN – Extremely easy to use, fast and cheap. 

If you want to learn more about VPN, check: Why you need a VPN for traveling .

💰 Money – How much does backpacking in Sudan cost?

Currency exchange.

Don’t exchange money at banks or official exchange offices.

Officially, the exchange rate is approximately:

1USD = 587 SDG

However, on the black market, in February 2018, the exchange rate was  1USD = 30SDG . You should always change on the black market. It’s better you change your money in Wadi Halfa, Khartoum or Sawakin, as you may have some troubles in exchanging money in the rest of the towns.

Please note that the exchange rate in Sudan is crazy and it keeps devaluating constantly. Prices provided in the following guide are correct in local currency but the USD exchange rate I provide may not be accurate.

Typical costs of backpacking in Sudan

In Sudan, one could easily travel for less than $20 a day. These are some of the most typical costs.

Note – I am using the USD/SDG exchange rate used on the black market.

Accommodation

Hostels – Dorms cost around 25SDG. Be aware that these aren’t hostels aimed at foreigners or backpackers but local Sudanese. They are extremely cheap but not very clean, unfortunately. 

Hotels – Mid-range hotels, where the Sudanese middle class stays, cost something between 100SDG and 175SDG.

A meal of foul costs 25SDG. If you order chicken, your bill would increase to 40-50SDG. A one-liter bottle of water costs 3SDG, whereas a cup of coffee costs 5SDG.

Transportation

These are the prices of some of the bus journeys I took:

Wadi Halfa to Abri (180km): 60SDG Abri to Dongola (230km): 80SDG Abri to Karima (200km): 60SDG

🍲 Sudanese food

Unfortunately, the food is not the highlight of backpacking in Sudan. Foul , which is a sort of black bean soup with plenty of peanut oil, is the national dish and what you are going to eat every day, to the extent that you will really get sick of it! If you are lucky, surprisingly, in some places, they add some sort of local cheese on top of it. One piece of advice. When your order foul , tell the waiter: ” Mafi Zed ”, which means ”without oil”. 

Furthermore, in some places, grilled barbecue chicken can be found. Additionally, some restaurants in villages close to the Nile, also serve fried fish but, the day I ordered it, I saw that they had all the fish piled up in a dirty cupboard, without any sort of protection. For breakfast, it is relatively easy to find boiled eggs, accompanied by the delicious and strong Arabic coffee.

In Khartoum and Port Sudan, you can find a greater variety of food, including Western meals.

Read: Egypt off the beaten track

🤔 Should you travel to Sudan? A real off the beaten track destination

Before backpacking in Sudan, you should know that this a real off the beaten track destination where tourism infrastructure is not even in an embryonic stage. Most of the country lacks tourist hotels and most restaurants are just simple shacks with very poor hygiene conditions. Internet connection is practically non-existent and you’ll barely meet other travelers or backpackers. My point is that, whereas Sudan is an unforgettable experience, this is not a country for beginner backpackers.

📍 Sudan Travel Guide – Ultimate Sudan itinerary

This Sudan itinerary goes from the north (Wadi Halfa, Egyptian border) to the south (Sawakin, Ethiopian border), with a few detours to the Red Sea (Port Sudan) and the border with Eritrea (Kassala).

I was in Sudan a little longer than two weeks, entering from Egypt and ending my trip in Khartoum. I would say that 85% of the most interesting sites in the country are located between these two points and, if you manage your time well, you can easily visit these places in just two weeks . Unfortunately, I didn’t have time to visit Kassala and Port Sudan. If you want to visit them, you should add at least one extra week or ten days to your itinerary. 

2 weeks Sudan itinerary

Abri and the nubian villages, soleb temple.

• Meroë / Shendi
• Naqa and Musawwarat es-Sufra
• Omdurman (Sufi dancing and the camel market)

Extending your Sudan itinerary

Map of the things to do in sudan.

If you come from Egypt, Wadi Halfa will be your first point of contact with Sudanese society. This small town doesn’t have anything interesting to offer travelers but you will have to spend your first night here, exchange some money and, basically, chill out for a bit after your hectic journey from Egypt. By the way, bear in mind that, unless you come from Egypt, it doesn’t make a lot of sense to visit Wadi Halfa, as this is a mere border city.

Where to stay in Wadi Halfa  – There are an endless number of basic hotels targeting local people coming from Egypt. Usually, these hotels offer rooms with five beds at 20-25SDG ($0.80 – $1.04). I stayed in Aleen Halfa . Be aware that these hotels are not very clean. Welcome to Sudan.

Read: How to cross from Egypt to Sudan overland

The Nubians, one of the most ancient civilizations in Africa, are an ethnic group which originated in present-day Egypt and Sudan. The Nubians have a long history that dates back to the Egyptian pharaohs and they ruled Egypt during the 8th century B.C. The Nubians have strong cultural differences, identified in their literature, music and poetry, and they speak their own language, which, even though it’s hard to imagine, is a non-written language. Today, Nubian people live spread across southern Egypt and northern Sudan, established on the shores of the Nile river.

Abri is the main town and the perfect base from where to explore the villages around the area. You should just follow the river, hopping from village to village, through the foul and palm plantations. In my experience, Nubians are the most hospitable people in the country. Visiting those villages was the highlight of my trip to Sudan, not only because of people’s kindness but also, because of the landscape, as you see beautiful, large green fields flourishing in the middle of the desert, thanks to the fast-flowing river.

For more information, read: Tales of the Nubian people in Sudan

Where to stay in Abri – Megzoub Guest House – Definitely, this is the best guest house in Sudan. Megzoub is a great, wise man who offers double and single rooms with pretty clean toilets. However, his prices are quite high, compared to the country average. His rate may start at 250SDG ($10) but you could easily bring it down 100SDG ($4.10), at least for me and a friend who was there recently. You can contact Megzoub by calling any of his phone numbers: +249122886586 and +249911220984.

How to get to Abri from Wadi Halfa – There are minivans which leave at every hour, starting from quite early in the morning. Price: 60SDG ($2.50)

One of the most well-preserved ruins in the country and, founded by Amenhotep II, Soleb temple was built to worship Amun-Ra. It is claimed that the architect might have been Amenhotep, son of Apu, whose mortuary temple can be found in Luxor . Soleb is located halfway to Dongola (the next destination after Abri). You could visit it on a day trip from Abri or on your way to Dongola

How to get from Soleb to Abri – Soleb is 50km from Abri. Megzoub, the owner of the guest house in Abri, can take you there in his car for 400SDG ($17, round trip). On the other hand, if you want to go by yourself, you should take a mini-van to Wawa. The temple is located on an island in the middle of the river. You can only get there by boat but there are local fishermen who can take you there cheaply. One-way bus ticket to Wawa is 20SDG costs ($0.80) and entering the temple 60SDG ($2.50).

Dongola is a city which does not have much to offer the traveler. However, if you are heading from Abri to Karima, probably, you will probably have to spend one night here, as there is no direct transport and the minivan service that runs from Dongola to Karima doesn’t run until very late. In this city, there’s not much to do besides wandering around the main bazaar, eating grilled chicken and socializing with the locals.

Note that there is no direct transportation from Abri to Karima but you can get a direct bus from Wadi Halfa to Karima, without stopping in Dongola.

Where to stay in Dongola – Alnuallem  is the only good hotel in the city. It offers double rooms at 175SDG ($7.30). These are the coordinates: 19.172898 30.468067.

How to get to Dongola from Abri – There are frequent minivans, being the last one leaves at around 5 or 6 pm, but you should double check with Megzoub.  Price: 80SDG ($3.30).

Welcome to one of the most touristic spots in Sudan and where, probably, you’ll meet the first bunch of travelers (if you are coming from Egypt). Karima is a lovely area which is famous for being home to three of the most important archaeological sites in Sudan, containing a large number of Nubian pyramids, some of them in very good condition. The best about it is that you might have the pyramids just to yourself.

• Jebel Barkal : The best-preserved group of pyramids and the site surrounded by the prettiest nature.
• Nuri:  The pyramids from this site are in a deplorable state but that’s the beauty of them.
• Al-Kurru:  Almost completely destroyed, as the locals took the stones to build their houses

For more information about the pyramids, read: How to visit the Nubian pyramids in Sudan

Where to stay in Karima – I stayed in Al-Nassr , a very simple hotel frequented by Sudanese. Price can be negotiated but I paid 100SDG ($4.10) for a double room with private bathroom. Update: In 2018, travelers are already paying 150SDG.   Another alternative would be a fancy guest house called Nubian Rest House , which has double semi-luxury rooms. However, I heard that they are now charging $220 for just one night. They are crazy and target people who travel on a tour. In the Nubian pyramids article I wrote, I provide further details about the location.

How to get to Karima from Dongola – The minivans leave from the morning, but as very few locals use that route, you might have to wait for a while until the bus is full. Price: 60SDG ($2.50).

Shendi is just a small, unattractive town which you can use as a base to visit the pyramids of Meroë . The most interesting part of Shendi is its lively bazaar.

How to get from Karima to Shendi –  To get there from Karima, you should first take a minivan to Atbara. They leave early in the morning and cost 130SDG ($5.40) for a 3-hour journey. From there, you can catch a 2-hour big bus to Shendi for 50SDG ($2.10). Alternatively, you could get off on the road, before getting to Atbara and hitchhike from there. That’s what I did.

Where to stay in Shendi – I didn’t stay but there’s a local hotel called El Kawther (16.696079, 33.424961), which is supposed to be good. Alternatively, you can also stay in a kind of apartment, which is close to where the bus dropped you, 50 meters from the green mosque. There’s no sign but it’s a pink building with many water tanks on top. It has fully furnished, 2-room apartments with fridge, TV, stove and pots. It costs around $10 per night, which can be split by several people.

The only proper touristy place, meaning that here you’ll find an archaeological site surrounded by a fence where they charge an entrance fee and there are locals selling souvenirs. The royal cemetery of Meroë is composed of 100 narrow pyramids spread across a vast desert of orange sand dunes. Most of them are quite well-preserved and, at the end of 2016, the site was still under restoration. Ticket price varies and it will depend on your negotiation skills. For more information, read:  How to visit the Nubian pyramids of Sudan

How to get to Meroë from Karima – The ruins of Meroë are located right next to the road, meaning that there is no direct bus going there. If you come straight from Karima, follow the same route as going to Shendi but get off 50km before. If you want to go from Shendi, take a bus to Kabushiya and then, you can easily hitchhike the remaining few kilometers.

Where to stay in Meroë -You have 5 options. First , you could stay in Khartoum and come to Meroë on a day trip, which is what most travelers do. Second , as I mentioned previously, you could stay in Shendi. Third , there are several resting places along the road between Atbara and Shendi, where the truck drivers spend the night for as little as 5SDG ($0.30). Basically, they have a bunch of deck chairs placed outside. I stayed here 🙂 Fourth , you may stay at the Meroe Tented Camp, which is a desert camp with relatively luxurious tents. They used to ask $42 for one night but, according to Patrick from German Backpacker , they now ask for $190. They are just crazy and, clearly, not targeting backpackers. And fifth , you could just set up your own tent among the dunes!

Naqa and Musawwarat es-Sufra

The most off the beaten track Nubian temples in the world, Naqa and Musawwarat es-Sufra are located in the middle of the desert, several kilometers away from the road. Getting there is a bit tricky as there are no signs and you need to go over sand dunes.

A traveler claimed that he went there on a small, normal car but you need a really good driver and, definitely, it’s better to go there on a 4×4.

From Khartoum, the price would oscillate something between $100 and $150. It’s quite expensive.

Alternatively, in Shendi, which is the closest town to the temples, you could look for a 4×4 owner and ask this person to take you there. The cost would be significantly lower than from Khartoum. Andy, the same traveler who went there on a small car, said that he got a car for 400SDG ($20). He visited Naqa but, when he arrived in Mussawarat, they wanted to charge him $20 for visiting it and bargaining was not possible. Be aware of this.

Located very close to the capital, Omdurman is a city that has very little interest but is famous for having some of the most popular events among tourists:

Sufi dancing – Sufism is the mystical or spiritual branch of Islam. Their faith is not based on logic but on revelation. They are those Sunni Muslims who perform a spiritual dance while they get high on drugs. This psychedelic dancing takes place on Friday afternoons. Where? In Hamid El-Nil Mosque . You’ll be definitely meeting other tourists. For more information, check out this amazing photo essay from the  Candy Trail travel blog.

The camel market – Personally, I didn’t go there, as I’ve seen several camel markets in the Middle East before, but if you’ve never seen more than 2,000 camels gathered all together, I am sure you are gonna love this one. How to get there? First of all, take a bus to Omdurman (either from Shendi or Khartoum). In Khartoum, buses depart from Al Araby bus station. The bus will drop you off at the main souk. From there, you should take another bus to Souk Libya (7km). Once in Souk Libya , take the last bus to Moelih, the actual camel market. You’ll know where it is because everybody else will get off there.

The capital Khartoum

If you come from Egypt, you should arrive in Khartoum in two weeks, approximately. Khartoum is a city in which to rest and eat something different from foul  and grilled chicken. Honestly, there’s not much to do besides visiting the confluence of both the Blue and White Niles. In Khartoum, one can have fun just wandering around the endless souks and hanging out with the locals. By the way, if you want to hang out in a nice hotel, Corinthia Hotel, the best one in town, has the best internet and you can spend as much time as you want in the reception area.

For more information, read: 24 hours in Khartoum

How to get to Khartoum – Al Araby is one of the main bus stations in Khartoum. From here, buses come and go in all directions. From Shendi, you can take a bus for 20SDG ($0.80). 4 hours, with traffic.

Where to stay in Khartoum – Couchsurfing is easy in Khartoum but also, there’s a hostel called Hostelling International Khartoum. These are the coordinates:  15.591484, 32.539680. There’s also a camping area next to the river, situated very close to the confluence of the Nile. It’s called Blue Nile Sailing Club. These are the coordinates:  15.611694, 32.534409

The following places (Port Said, Suakin and Kassala) are amazing to visit. However, you should add at least one week or 10 extra days to the previous two-week itinerary.

Located at the border with Eritrea, Kassala is a city that lies at the foot of a beautiful peak belonging to the Taka Mountains. In Kassala you will find a large number of different ethnicities, including Beja and Rashadia . An interesting spice souk, plenty of colors and meeting different kinds of people are the things that make Kassala become a unique place. By the way, most likely, you’ll be the only foreigner wandering around this area.

For more information, check out this awesome photo essay from Candy Trail Travel Blog.

Port Said and Suakin

Located on the Red Sea, almost 800km from Khartoum, these two cities are, geographically, culturally and architecturally, quite different from the rest of Sudan.

Suakin –  With a peculiar architecture that dates back to the 19th century, Suakin was an important place during the Ottoman Empire, as it was the center of slavery exportation and where Muslims left from on their pilgrimage to Mecca. Today, the Turkish government is investing some efforts in restoring the buildings. Where to stay? There are a few hotels but, apparently, some of them might tell you that foreigners are not allowed to stay in Suakin. You can try but, if you want to be more comfortable, I suggest you go to Port Sudan, located just 60km away.

Port Sudan –  Port Sudan is the place where you want to go if you wish to disconnect from the desert and swim in the bluest water. This is most cosmopolitan city in the country, as well as the cleanest. Where to stay? There is one expensive hotel called Coral on the Corniche. If you want something very cheap and basic, you can stay at Hotel Boheine (19.6118533, 37.2208425), near the sea, or at Hotel Alatoun (19.612733,37.213873), near the souk.

By the way, like its neighbor Egypt, the Red Sea in Sudan is home really impressive corals, so here you can do some of the best snorkeling  and diving ever.

How to get to Port Sudan and Suakin? – From Khartoum, there are direct buses but you could also go from Atbara, the city where you took a second bus, on your way from Karima to Meroë.

❗ More information for traveling to Sudan

📢 In my Travel Resources Page you can find the list of all the sites and services I use to book hotels, tours, travel insurance and more.

All guides and articles for traveling in Sudan destination

• Tales of Nubian People
• Travel Guide to Nubian Pyramids
• Is Sudan Safe?
• Solo Female Travel Guide to Sudan
• Visa Guide for Sudan

Travel guides to other countries in Africa

• Ethiopia Travel Guide
• Eritrea Travel Guide
• Somaliland Travel Guide
• Travel Guide to Egypt
• Libya Travel Guide
• Mali Travel Guide
• Travel Guide to Mauritania
• Tunisia Travel Guide

86 comments

Excellent review. Stunned how the crime rates in tourist areas are among the lowest on earth. The US State Department never reported that one. Meanwhile, driving through the West End of my hometown in the States I am likely to get popped after dark. Crazy stuff. I met 2 young awesome South Sudanese kids recently who moved to the USA to play high school basketball. Both landed scholarships to prestigious Tulane University. What niche kids, embodying the generous spirit of the Sudanese people.

Thanks for sharing 🙂

Hey Ryan, thanks for your refreshing comment. I’m really happy to hear that there are Sudanese kids who get scholarships for studying abroad. The youngest country in the world is going through quite a lot of struggles and it’s good to know that some its citizens get opportunities like this one. Cheers mate,

Very interesting and useful article about a destination that not many people visit! I bet you didn’t see many tourists around you 🙂 Loved the photos too btw.

Hey, Cinthya! I just saw a few backpackers and 4 or 5 old couples traveling with a private guide. That’s it!

Hey! Thanks for a ridiculously good guide which eased some of my concerns. Reading your take on it, it seems similar to the experience of travelling around Iran without an escort (outside of the large cities) and I would do anything to have more similar experiences.

As I understand it, it has the same situation with ATMs and currency exchange as well. Can I assume the black market is merely people hanging out at some spot holding calculators, or is the set up different? Will they accept Egyptian pounds at the same advantageous rate? Is it possible to exchange on the Egyptian side and/or in intermediate cities as well? Grateful for any questions answered!

Hey mate, hope you are all right. I assume you are coming from Egypt then? Right after crossing the border, the first people you’ll meet will be locals trying to exchange your currency. Yes, they accept Egyptian Pounds. To be honest, I didn’t exchange with them, as I thought I would find a better rate in Wadi Halfa, the next city. But actually, their rate was almost, as good as the one in the city, so you can exchange your EGP with them, and exchange your USD or € in Wadi Halfa. In Wadi Halfa, there are no people hanging around with tons of bills and calculators but you need to ask at the different shops, to see who is willing to exchange your cash. Don’t worry, they love foreign currency so it’s fairly easy to find them.

Much appreciated! Yes, from the Egyptian border. I wanted to visit Ethiopia, but I dislike to fly as there is so much you miss in between. Therefore, I was more than happy to see that Sudan is not only an alternative but a seemingly interesting destination. Thanks again and good luck on your next trip!

Your welcome and all the best!

Hi Joan, This is a great site, thanks. My girlfriend and I are in Aswan waiting to collect Sudan visas. We were wondering if you can register in Abri rather than Wadi Halfa as we are hoping to go straight there. Did you hear of any option like this? Cheers Tim

Hi, Tim! No, you can’t, unfortunately. If you didn’t do it in Wadi Halfa, you will have to do it in Dongola. But anyways, if you come by public transport, you can’t go straight to Abri but you have to spend the night in Wadi Halfa. The bus will arrive in Wadi Halfa pretty late and even the drivers always spend the night there. The people that go straight to Khartoum also must spend the night there. You can register in Wadi Halfa in the morning and then go to Abri. That’s what I did. Good luck!

This article just saved my life lol. Thank you so so much. Amazing information.

Glad it did 🙂

Hi Joan, Thanks for the excellent guide! I share your experience that the Sudanese people are some of the warmest I’ve come across. One thing though. Officially it is required – or at least it was required when I was there in 2011 – to aquire permits if visiting sites including the pyramids. Has this changed or do you simply consider there to be no need for permits? I didn’t aquire any when I was there, but on my way to Meroe I were asked for them at a checkpoint. I was told to turn around but after some discussion I was allowed to continue to the next city (supposedly to get a bus back to Khartoum). Since the bus driver couldn’t care less about permits he let me off at the pyramids which were amazing 🙂

On a side note: Sudan has some of the best diving in the Red sea, which one could argue to be the main draw for tourism in the country…

Hey Mattis! That’s surprising that you needed permits to visit the pyramids. I am pretty sure that you don’t need them anymore. No one asked me for any permit and didn’t meet any tourist who had an issue with that!

Yeah, I also heard that Sudan has very good divings. I don’t dive myself but perhaps I should include it in the guide. Thanks for the reco, cheers!

Thanks, hopefully there’s no need! I may have been mistaken in saying that they are needed for the pyramids per se – I could confuse them with the photography permit that you needed to take photos in the country in general. Though I’m also unsure whether that is gone now, I never applied for it.

Well there’s probably not much to be said about the diving guide-wise, since it’s all liveaboard diving and the majority of the boats start in Egypt. While I did meet a guy who jumped on our boat last minute, I think this is an exception to the rule of booking ahead. Cheers

Hi Mattis and Joan. Unfortunately there is a need for a travel permit to see the pyramids and probably going anywhere from Khartoum. My girlfriend and I were stopped on the way a few days ago and made to get a bus back to Khartoum cos we did not have one. We were ok coming from the north all the way down to the capital though. The travel permit and photo permit are the same form. It is free to get at the Ministry of Tourism, which can be found here: 15°35′52″N 32°34′37.52″E It is on Bashir Enefeidi Street, which is on the opposite side of the airport from downtown on the east side of the city. The office is on the second floor and a you’ll need a passport photo and copy of your passport and visa page. They are really nice there and have a photocopier and can make you copies of the permit to give to police at checkpoints. It takes about ten minutes and you can list all the places you want to visit and take photos.

Thanks for your feedback man!

However, you were not asked a pyramid permit. You were asked a travel permit which is required for anyone leaving Khartoum. If you enter from Egypt or Ethiopia and you don’t pass by Khartoum, there is no need to have this permit. Also, if your final destination is Khartoum, which means that you don’t leave the city, you don’t need the permit either.

In my Sudan visa article, I was explaining this process which you also explained very well: https://againstthecompass.com/en/visa-for-sudan/

I know. It’s a non-sense law.

Ah ok. Then no. Apart from the travel permit there was no need any other separate permit for the pyramid that we could see and we were not asked for one. Careful at the pyramid entrance they tried to charge SDG270 each or $20. But stand your ground and tell them it is 100 each.

Hello Joan. I was wondering where you went after Sudan. Did you fly home? If so did you manage to find a cheap international flight? What do you think is the best way to get back to Europe from this part of the world?

Hi Emily, apologies for my late reply. I flew from Khartoum to Spain with Qatar Airlines and, as far as I can remember, it was pretty cheap!

Hi Joan I am looking to cross from eygpt into Sudan in October as a solo female. Did u experience any issues along the way or did you feel relatively safe

Hi! From a safety point of view, there is no problem at all. From a comfort point of view, it’s a fucked up journey :p But there are plenty of Sudanese women who will be more than happy to have a chat with you, you will have fun 🙂

Well, I’m a man. If you are a man, things are different

Tim, Joan, Albeit a bit late but thank you for the information! Best

Hello Joan,

I might be travelling to Sudan for work. I really liked your blog and posts related to your trip in Sudan. You give another perspective than what most embassies and newspaper give. May I ask you when did you go there? Things change fast there and it possible that the atmosphere today or next month are not the same as when you were there.

Thanks a lot in advance!

Hi Luna, I traveled there in December 2016. Yes, things change fast in Sudan but I wouls say that they change to good, as tourism is increasing day by day. Cheers 🙂

Thank you for sharing, I found very useful info here, I was delighted to find this web site. This is an incredibly inspiring story, I love it!

Hi Joan, excellent helpful review. Can you tell me briefly what clothing you would recommend for female travelers in Sudan? Thanks, Terry

Hello. I just published this article, which definitely answers your question 🙂 https://againstthecompass.com/en/visit-sudan-female-traveler/

Thanks for the source of information. I went Aswan (200 egp with ferry from Abu Simbel) – > Wadi Halfa (150 SDG minivan) – > Dongola (70 SDG bus that was going to Atbara) – > Karima (130 SDG minivan then 50 SDG bus from Atbara) – > Meroe Pyramids (15 SDG truck to Shendi and 70 SDG bus) – > Khartoum and going Ethiopia soon, which supposedly is 270 SDG to the border. Did not bargain any transport.

Seems like you have kept updating things well. The SDG just had a hell of a week and the government seems to try stabilize it again. But we got 24 per USD and 1.35 per EGP (did not bargain this one) in Wadi Halfa last week. Which at the time made changing into USD first pointless and perhaps even a loss, but it has been crazy.

Sleeping in the desert by the pyramids is fine as well, even without a tent. Got a bit chilly due to the wind around 3 AM or so but better than superheated rooms with mosquitoes. Although I did have a beetle roll a ball of shit up to me. We asked to get off at “Bayyarawaya” or some similar pronounciation. Use it in combination with Haram (which means Pyramid in Arabic, but also “religiously forbidden” depending on pronounciation). Saying Meroe just confused them as there is a town opposite Karima named such.

Did registration overdue at the airport for 535 SDG, less than 20 minutes work and the airport is so central. Didn’t even give them photos but they charged me 5 SDG to copy passport and visa.

Youth Hostel in Khartoum is 70 SDG per night atm in dorm and they can give you a paper to help in the registration, but I don’t know if it changed anything.

I HIGHLY recommend taking busses and not minivans if you are even remotely tall or value space. Unfortunately not always available and more of a point to point form of transportation.

When it comes to food, I never had foul as expensive as 25 SDG, outrageous! :] Always hovering around 15 and often satisfying two people. And those 5 SDG falafel sandwiches sure could use some vegetables or sauce added to it…

So here are some ramblings from me. But all you already have here is more than sufficient to navigate Sudan and feel somewhat confident in doing so. Thanks!

Hey, thank you so much for this trip report! Really appreciate it 🙂 Good to know that this currency devaluation won’t last for long. I will keep an eye on it! Also didn’t know that you could register at the airport. Enjoy Ethiopia 🙂

The information is good. However, fuul is not the national dish – although it is eaten frequently (maybe a sandwich in the western world is a suitable comparison). Aseeda or kisra would be considered as more of a national dish. They will put a sauce over it such as tagiliya (closest comparison I can give is bolognese) or bamiya (gloopy okra based). There are other sauces, including a kind of chicken curry but I don’t know the names of these. I think it is a bit of a misconception that it is not possible to get good food – although it can be difficult as a tourist unless you have a local to help or speak Arabic. Often the best food is in peoples homes rather than restaurants.

Hi James, I am so jealous that you tried this dish! Yes, I fully agree that, in this part of the world, best meals are ALWAYS eaten at home, so in Egypt and many other Arab countries 🙂

Dear Joantow,

I visirde Port Sudan end of December.

There is only the expensive top hotel Coral on the corniche (avenue along the coast). Stayed in Boheine hotel at 450 sdg (19.6118533, 37.2208425) near the sea. Also at Alatoun ( 19.612733,37.213873) near the souk. Both already basic.

Suakin was a disappointment. Only piles of coral stones remain on the island and two reconstructed mosques and the customs house. Lots of poverty and waste everywhere.

Best regards,

Thank you for this great, specific information Jozef. I have updated the guide accordingly 🙂

Dear Joantow, A short update from Khartoum. If you do not like the accomdation @ the Youth Hostel, in the same street about 100 meter west there’s affordable Kh2 hotel run by hospitable Khaled, who speaks fine English.

Omdurman heading public transport leaves from Jackson bus station west from the Train station. In Omdurman, you find Imam Al-Mahdi tomb at GPS code 15.639591, 32.488507, while Named Al-Neel tomb, where the sufi chanting/dance takes place can be found at GPs 15.625162, 33.464271.

Really helpful, thanks!

Are there any restrictions with regards to bringing cameras or drones into the country?

Hi Andrew, I have no idea about drones but cameras, you are supposed to get a camera permit but seriously, nobody asks for it… I didn’t get it and was my whole journey with a camera hanging from my shoulder.

Not sure if I posted this one before: I have an Egyptian-licensed car, and was told in Automobile Club in CAiro that I need a “Carnet de Passage” (called Tryptique now in Egypt) to cross to Sudan. It cost around US$150 (plus a bigger deposit) there. Is it recognized (useful) by Sudan? In the past I had the experience (in Syria) having bought this but not being recognized and having to buy again on the border. Or is it better I wait and buy it at the border? Is it cheaper there? Thanks, Michel

Hi Michel, sorry but I can’t help you with this as I don’t really know about this… I guess that the company should have experience in border crossings from other clients right? They should know that

Wonderful blog!Thanks for giving out the best.

First of all thank you very much for your information.

If you plan to update the Sudan part maybee you think about to mention that a Sudan visa has to be used max. 60 days after beeing issued. That is what different sources in the internet tell.

Hey Joan, I just wanted to thank you for the probably most amazing travel guide to Sudan out there. I’m planning on travelling there in winter and sure will use your great ideas for my trip. Cheers, Felix

Amazing man, thank you and have loads of fun there!

I have some Updates: THE TRAVEL PERMIT TO MOVE AROUND THE COUNTRY IS NOT LONGER NEEDED I red that at Lonely Planet Travelforum and I went to the Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife in Karthoum and they also told me its not necessary anymore. 1$ at the black market was between 38 SGD in Wadi Halfa and three weeks later in Karthoum about 45 SGD ( July 2018)

Crossing Sudan to Egypt Overland: Bus from Wadi Halfa to Aswan 250 SGD 132 SGD leaving fee 130 Egyptian Pound Entering Fee (and 25$ for Visa on arrival)

Save travel!

Hi there! Apologies for my late reply but it is been some crazy days! I appreciate so much your updates and will update the post in a few days! Cheers!

This is excellent! I’d love to go but I’m terrified of the logistics once on the ground. And my fiancé is 6’4” and probably wouldn’t like the minibuses very much…

Also, in the first part of the article (before the list of destinations), you wrote Kalassa a couple times instead of Kassala. 🙂

Hi Sarah! Yes, to be very honest, Sudan involves a bit of hard-backpacking… However, I met quite a few people above 50 who were traveling with a private guide and absolutely loved it. Would you travel with a guide?

Thanks for the correction. I will change it right away!

Sarah, Just a quick response – I’ve been traveling in Sudan twice now (once with my girlfriend) and I am 6’33. Normal coaches (quite nice ones at that) are common on most major routes and I don’t find Sudan to be any worse than most other places in that regard. Granted the world does not seem to be built for my size but what do…

Thanks for some wonderful articles on your blog! I’m going to Sudan in about a month and a half after traveling through Egypt. I’m so excited and reading your few articles just makes me think I’ll have a great time off the grid.

I have one or two questions if you don’t mind 🙂

Did you sleep at some people’s house? Did you just have a sleeping bag for your whole trip? Do people ask money when you hitchhike? (although I don’t mind giving since they welcome me and i use their oil :D)

Thanks mate! Peter

Hi Peter, great to hear that you are going to Sudan! Here my replies: 1 – One day, a random house invitation. 2 – I always travel with a sleeping bag but didn’t use it there. Mine is too warm 3 – They never asked me for any money Cheers!

ihi great read thanks… one thing… i need to gett a visa from the UK to travel to sudan in January 2019 . Do you know anyone who can supply the letter of invitation?

Hi Paul, I suggest you contact any reasonably good hotel in Khartoum. They can help you with the LOI for an extra cost. Cheers,

A standard source is Hotel Acropole in Khartoum. Not a “backpacker” price, but pleasant place with owners very useful other bureaucratic tasks.

Many thanks for your replies. I will use the Acropole as they have been very helpful. cheers P

Thank you so much for some really great articles on your blog! I’m going to Sudan in november through Egypt. I’ve wanted to go for a long time, and your blog is what made me decide that its really is possible to do it! 😀

I just have a few questions if you don’t mind; Approximately how much money (dollars) do you think I need for lets say 3-4 weeks in Sudan travelling the same route as you did?? I dont really like to travel with a lots of cash but I understand its necessary. I´m planning to cross the border from Sudan to Ethiopia after, so I hope to change the rest of my SDG to Birr on the border.

If I understand correctly, you don’t need a photo permit anymore? I’m a photographer, planning to taking lots of pictures, in your experience how did most people react to this? I’m not looking for still pictures.. Travelled a lot in West African countries before, where it mostly were no problem.

Im travelling alone, anyone else travelling in Sudan in Nov-Dec of this year?? Or anyone with some extra tip, please share 🙂

Hi Victorya! I would say that a backpacking budget would never be higher than 20-30USD a day. As per the photo and travel permit, yes, it is not needed anymore according to quite a few travelers. As per the photos, everybody is pretty cool with that, except for some women. However, since you are also a woman, I am sure that it will be different.

FYI I will be there from the start of January and will be getting visa from somewhere in East Africa in Nov/Dec. Acropole Hotel has been brilliant and helpful.

Thanks for your blog! It was very usefull for my recent trip. The consulate in Aswan seems to stop issueing visas. Maybe even closed. End of September several people had to return to Cairo for visas. But looks like embassy in Cairo issues visas quickly and without LOI (although the cost is 150USD).

Crazy. Will need to update the article then. Thanks for the update 🙂

Yeah, I was lucky enough to find it out before and successfully got my visa (1 entry, 2 months, 50USD) in Moscow embassy without LOI, I did online bookings of a hotel and flight, that cancelled later. Seems sudanese facilitate visa issue process in general, so it would be usefull to contact a home or nearby embassy before going. I can confirm that you can jump from one bus to another on the border without paying extra, so I managed to reach Abri same day I left Egypt (Dongola could be possible as well, but I prefered to follow your route). Also it seems to be another bus Aswan – Khartoum via another road, but this case you skip Abu Simbel. Meroe, Naqa and Massawarat are also very easy from Khartoum for one day. You just need to start a journey from Khartoum early, buy a ticket to Atbara (not Shendi), take off next to pyramid site (I was there at 9am). After visit one you flag on the road to return to Shendi. In Shendi you can negotiate with a simple Hyundai taxi to go to Naqa and Massawarat, the road is not as awful, but quite hard. I paid 1000 pounds (20USD now) for all together. I didn’t return to Shendi (40 km back) and asked the driver to leave me at the check point next to the exit from the desert. The policemen helped me to hitchhike back to Khartoum as it was Saturday and all passing by buses where full.

Oh, the registration is possible at the border! After getting the entry stamp, the same officer will easily make a registration (it costs 540 pounds or so, a money changer sits opposite border control).

Man, you have done great at getting to Sudan. I always wanted to go there but due to me not be able to get a visa from Egypt, I had to leave it from my itinerary. I was so close in Aswan!

why you didn’t get it?

Hi guys Do you know about the situation in Sudan, I will be in Aswan soon and I wonder about the safety of a travel in Sudan.

your answers 🙂 https://againstthecompass.com/en/safe-travel-sudan/

Going to Ethiopia: Be as early as possible at al Qadarif. The bus station is big, confusing, in the middle of nowhere and English is not too common. I took a minibus to al Qadarif City. From the town a tuk tuk to a local bus station with minibuses to Gallabat. Both rides were pretty long. On the border are money changers. If you have real money they offer a better rate for ETB. Remember, in Ethiopia it is nearby impossible to change any Birr back to real money. I was told, on the Ethiopian side oft he border is a Hotel or something like this. Before noon are buses to Gondar.

The Visa Be ca. 7.30h at the embassy in Kartoum. They have a queue system. If there are to many applicants you will be sent away for the next morning. You can collect your visa the same day after 15 h. The validity oft he visa starts with the day of issue.

Going to Wadi Halfa The ferry from/to Abu Simbel does not operate on fridays.

I forgot. From Kartoum are buses to Gonder etc. Close to the Ethiopian embassy is a Ethiopian club. You will see the corresponding advertisments. As I came from Kassala this was no option to me.

hey joan, do you have any news from travellers who visited sudan since the unrests started last december? what do you think about going there now? i got my visa and planning to go there soon but only have informations from news outlets. thanks a lot! best wishes stefan

Honestly, nobody has told me anything about this topic but this usually means that the current unrests haven’t really affected any traveler

Hi I was there for 10 days in late January. There was armed guards on all street corners in central Khartoum, and even tanks near the nile bridges. I bumped into a ‘tourist policeman’ who accompanied me to the pryamids. He and the taxi driver wouldnt take me to omdurman souk on one day because of protests. Otherwise I had no trouble and Sudan was the most wonderful place. Prices are cheaper than chips and the people are so warm and friendly – probably some of the friendliest i met (i was going cape town to cairo) They bought me meals and wanted nothing in return. Clearly a state of emergency changes things somewhat but the people are great!

hi john, thanks for your message, good to read about your experiences. sounds like you had an epic trip travelling from capetown to cairo. all the best, stefan

cheers.. it was virtually the best three months of my life! everyone so friendly so much fun and not one bad day! This blog site helped alot re Sudan too.

great to hear paul (sorry for calling you john;). im looking forward a lot! hope youll be on the road again soon.

Just came back from the consulate in Aswan. Time to wait for the visa is 3 days without any explanation. They said a “sponsor” or booking is important. Not sure if they check it though. Fee is still 150$

thanks for the update!

Thanks for this great guide, which I used to research my bicycle trip through Egypt and Sudan in early 2020. Just barely made it home in March before they closed everything down! I really appreciated your detailed notes, especially about visiting the archaeological sites. Just wanted to mention that I stayed in Dongola at the Olla Hotel and it was actually one of my favorite towns in Sudan. The market area was one of the friendliest and most relaxing I found anywhere in Sudan.

Thanks, Alissa for sharing your experience and glad you made it home just in time 🙂

Is yellow fever vaccine certificate needed to visit Sudan? I found conflicting information online (CDC: Required for arriving travelers from all countries if traveler is ≥1 year of age; WHO: a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers aged 1 year or over arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission). Thanks a lot!

I have never known much about vaccine requirements for each country. I have all exotic vaccines but not sure which one is needed for each country

Thank you Joan for an amazingly well made travel guide. It made us decide to go to Sudan without your contribution we wouldn’t have really known much about this country. The only issue for us, as experienced backpackers but on budget, is if Sudan is still a cheap destination since your trip in 2016: there is crazy inflation and almost all the updates you give are about prices going up wheter for visas, or for attractions, or for accomodations, we are starting to wonder what the total expanse now in 2023 is gonna sum up to.

I am planning to go there too, but the VISA is an issue seems the embassy requires TRAVEL AGENCY LETTER.. AND quote is easy over 2000 USD for 4 days.. it’s not making sense to go through that troubles.. i am a backpacker, i am still searching other way to get the visa and try to travel in reasonable budget …

here’s the latest update on how to get a visa for Sudan: https://againstthecompass.com/en/visa-for-sudan/

What´s your take on travel to Sudan now that the violence has spiraled out of control this month and the country is widely feared on the verge of civil war? I´ve always admired how you cover what many consider dicey or dangerous destinations in a measured, rational way. But surely even you would have to admit that Sudan now seems like a no go?

Hi David, I wouldn’t go to Sudan as of today, and I don’t think you can go there anyways.

Hi I liked the article. Just one quick thing ma fi literally means there is not bidun (بِدون) means without.

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Understanding the Visa Process for Sudan

Are you planning to travel to Sudan? Navigating the visa process can be complex, but Absolute Global Travel is here to help. In this blog post, we will guide you through the visa application process for Sudan, including the requirements and steps involved.

Visa Requirements for Sudan:

Before applying for a visa, it is important to be aware of the requirements set by the Sudanese government. The following documents are generally required:

• Valid passport with at least six months of validity
• Completed visa application form
• Passport-sized photographs
• Proof of accommodation in Sudan
• Proof of sufficient funds to cover your stay in Sudan
• Travel itinerary
• Letter of invitation (if applicable)

Visa Application Process:

Once you have gathered all the necessary documents, you can proceed with the visa application process. Here are the general steps involved:

• Fill out the visa application form accurately and completely.
• Submit the application form along with the required documents to the Sudanese Embassy or Consulate in your country.
• Pay the visa application fee.
• Wait for the visa processing period, which may vary.
• Collect your passport with the visa from the Embassy or Consulate.

Tips for a Smooth Visa Application:

Here are some tips to ensure a smooth visa application process:

• Start the visa application process well in advance to allow for any delays.
• Double-check all the required documents to ensure you have everything in order.
• Follow the instructions provided by the Sudanese Embassy or Consulate carefully.
• Be prepared to provide additional documents or information if requested.

By following these steps and tips, you can increase your chances of successfully obtaining a visa for Sudan. Remember, the visa application process may vary depending on your nationality and other factors, so it is always recommended to consult the Sudanese Embassy or Consulate in your country for the most accurate and up-to-date information.

At Absolute Global Travel, we are dedicated to providing reliable visa services to make your travel experience as smooth as possible. Contact us today for assistance with your Sudan visa application.

Search Visa and Apply Now

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Sudan Travel Advisory

Travel advisory april 22, 2023, sudan - level 4: do not travel.

Reissued with updates to the security situation and post departure status.

Do not travel to Sudan due to armed conflict, civil unrest, crime, terrorism, and kidnapping.

On April 22, 2023, the U.S. Embassy in Khartoum suspended its operations, and the Department of State ordered the departure of U.S. direct hire employees and eligible family members from Embassy Khartoum due to the continued threat of armed conflict in Sudan. The U.S. government cannot provide routine or emergency consular services to U.S. citizens in Sudan, due to the current security situation.

Armed conflict is ongoing throughout Sudan and includes heavy fighting between various political and security groups. The situation is violent, volatile, and extremely unpredictable, particularly in the capital city Khartoum. Electrical and communication disruptions, including internet and cell phone service, can occur at any time.  Khartoum International Airport and Sudan’s border with Chad are currently closed.

Country Summary : Armed conflict, crime, such as kidnapping, armed robbery, home invasion, and carjacking occur.

Members of known terrorist groups and individuals sympathetic to these groups in Sudan could attack with little or no warning, targeting foreign and local government facilities, and areas frequented by Westerners.

Violence continues along the border between Chad and Sudan and areas that border South Sudan (including the disputed Abyei area). Armed opposition groups are active in Central Darfur state and parts of Blue Nile and South Kordofan states. Intercommunal clashes can occur throughout the country and can result in the declaration of localized States of Emergency.

Read the  country information page  for additional information about travel to Sudan.

If you decide to travel to Sudan:

• Exercise extreme care in all parts of the country, including Khartoum.
• Visit our website for  Travel to High-Risk Areas .
• Have a personal emergency action plan that does not rely on U.S. government assistance.
• Monitor local media for breaking events and be prepared to adjust your plans.
• Be aware of your surroundings.
• Stay alert in areas frequented by Westerners.
• Review your personal security plan and visit our page on travel to high-risk areas.
• Draft a will and designate appropriate insurance beneficiaries and/or power of attorney.
• Discuss a plan with loved ones regarding care/custody of children, pets, property, belongings, non-liquid assets (collections, artwork, etc.), funeral wishes, etc.
• Share important documents, log-in information, and points of contact with loved ones so that they can manage your affairs if you are unable to return as planned to the United States.  Find a suggested list of such documents here .
• Develop a communication plan with family and/or your employer or host organization so that they can monitor your safety and location as you travel through Sudan. This plan should specify who you would contact first, and how they should share the information.
• Avoid demonstrations and public gatherings. Even events intended to be peaceful can become violent.
• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program  ( STEP ) to receive Alerts and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Follow the Department of State on  Facebook  and  Twitter .
• Review the  Country Security Report  for Sudan.
• Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations.  Review the  Traveler’s Checklist .

Travel Advisory Levels

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You are about to visit:

• 3 Other destinations
• 4.1 History
• 4.2 Geography
• 5.2 Permits and other legal requirements
• 5.3 By plane
• 5.4 By train
• 5.5 By land
• 5.7 By boat
• 6.1 By plane
• 6.2 By train
• 6.5 By bicycle
• 11.1 Sudanese cuisine
• 11.2 Restaurants and food shopping
• 13.1 Larger towns and cities
• 13.2 Outside larger towns and cities
• 14.1 Armed conflict
• 14.2 Corruption
• 14.3 Transportation
• 14.4 Personal safety
• 14.5 Women travelers
• 14.6 Police and army
• 14.7 Photography
• 14.8 LGBT travellers
• 15 Stay healthy
• 16.1 Basic etiquette
• 16.2 Religious sensitivities
• 16.3 Local customs
• 16.4 Conversation
• 17.1 Telephone

Sudan (Arabic: السودان, As-Sudan ) is a country in Northeast Africa and is Africa 's third largest country in terms of area. Sudan was the continent's largest country up until the secession of South Sudan in 2011.

Since the 1980s, Sudan has been in the news for all the wrong reasons. The country has had a particularly turbulent history since independence from the United Kingdom , and has suffered from decades of conflict and warfare. Under less dire circumstances, however, travelling to Sudan offers one the opportunity to explore a large, diverse nation whose history is believed to go all the way back to 8000 BCE and meet some very hospitable, jovial people.

Regions [ edit ]

Cities [ edit ]

• 15.60308 32.52654 1 Khartoum — the national capital, which also consists of Omdurman and Khartoum North (Bahri)
• 9.595556 28.436944 2 Abyei — simultaneously part of both Sudan and South Sudan until a referendum can be held in the area
• 13.183333 30.216667 3 Al Ubayyid — capital of North Kurdufan state
• 15.45 36.4 5 Kassala
• 12.05 24.883333 6 Nyala — capital of Darfur
• 19.615833 37.216389 7 Port Sudan — Sudan's main Red Sea port
• 19.615833 37.216389 8 Atbara — an important railway junction and railroad manufacturing centre

Other destinations [ edit ]

• 16.935139 33.75075 2 Meroë — ancient Nubian royal city on the banks of the Nile, home to over 200 pyramids. A UNESCO World Heritage site.

Understand [ edit ]

History [ edit ].

The area around the banks of the River Nile was once known as Nubia , one of the world's earliest civilisations that was the main rival of its northern neighbour, Egypt . The city of Kerma is believed to have been the capital of the first centralised Nubian state. Nubia would be annexed by Egypt in the 16th century BCE under the rule of Pharaoh Thutmose I, with its southern limits extended all the way to the city of Napata, leading to the fusion of Egyptian culture with their own native culture by the Nubians.

With the weakening of Egyptian control, a de facto independent Nubian state would re-emerge in Napata, becoming the Kingdom of Kush. The Kingdom of Kush would grow in strength, eventually conquering Egypt in the 8th century BCE, thus establishing the 25th Dynasty, with its rulers popularly known as the "black pharoahs" due to the colour of their skin that stood in contrast to the lighter-skin Egyptians. The southern part of the kingdom was home to the city of Meroë, known for its Nubian pyramids, which while clearly influenced by the Egyptian ones, are also built in a distinctively Nubian architectural style, which later became the capital of the kingdom. During the height of Roman power, while Egypt was conquered by the Romans, the Kingdom of Kush managed to fend off the Romans under the leadership of the warrior queen Amanirenas, also known as the One-Eyed Queen due to having lost an eye during a battle with the Romans. Eventually, the Nubians proved so difficult to fight that the Romans agreed to a peace treaty, thus maintaining Nubia's independence.

Islam was introduced to the Sudan from Egypt in the 7th century by the Arabs, who called it bilal al-Sudan , meaning "land of the Blacks". In the 16th century, the Funj Sultanate ruled the northern quarter. After a brief period of Ottoman rule , Sudan became the scene of Mahdist uprisings resulting in British control . Sudan declared independence in 1956 as a modern republic and became the largest country in Africa.

Sudan was afflicted by civil wars for more than 40 years until South Sudan became independent in July 2011, following a referendum. When the colonial map-makers divided up Africa, they included in Sudan the predominantly Muslim people of the north (including Nubians and Arabs), who share much of their history and culture with Egyptians, and the largely Christian and Animist Bantu people of the south, who have more in common with the rest of sub-Saharan Africa than with their northern countryfolk. Minor conflicts still linger in the western region of Darfur, and hotspots do occur on the eastern front, next to the border with Eritrea. From 1989 to 2019, Sudan was under the authoritarian rule of Omar Hassan al-Bashir until a coup spurred by protests led to a new military government taking power.

Geography [ edit ]

Sudan is as geographically diverse as it is culturally; in the north, the Nile cuts through the eastern edge of the Sahara: the Nubian desert, the site of the Ancient Kingdoms of Cush and Meroe, and the land of the Seti. Here, some modest farming and husbandry supplements the staple crop of date palms. The East and West are mountainous regions, and much of the rest of the country comprises savannahs typical of much of central sub-Saharan Africa. The vast majority of its population are Sunni Muslims and proselytization of non-Sunni beliefs is not allowed.

Along the border of Egypt with Sudan there is the strange stateless limbo of Bir Tawil , which is not claimed by either state and thus legally the only piece of dry land outside Antarctica not belonging to or claimed by any state. This is politically connected to the conflict of the Hala'ib Triangle by the coast, controlled by Egypt.

People [ edit ]

Sudan has nearly 600 ethnic groups. Sudanese Arabs are the largest ethnic group and other ethnic groups include Nubians, Copts and Beja.

Get in [ edit ]

Visa [ edit ].

Sudanese travel visas are expensive and difficult to acquire for some nationalities in some countries or for people with an Israeli stamp in their passport. It is advisable to obtain a Sudanese visa in your home country if possible.

From Egypt: Cairo and Aswan are the easiest places to get one (usually a couple of hours after application), it costs US$150 (as of November 2022), payment is now possible in Egyptian pounds. A letter of invitation/introduction from your embassy is no longer needed.

As of July 2022, a UK passport takes four days processing once handed in at the Cairo office, US$150 paid in absolutely pristine banknotes plus two small passport photos and the paper form filled in, as given there. The tourist visa is for two calendar months from date of issue; it is all written in Arabic. Your declared first hotel name is scrawled against the sponsor on the visa sticker, but a specific hotel booking doesn't seem needed despite indications for this elsewhere. It's a somewhat confused process where showing lots of deferrence and patience is required. They say a COVID-19 negative test taken within three days is needed at the border but no vaccine or quarantine, nor restrictions on entry or exit points. The embassy for visas in Cairo is near Dokki metro station, turning left onto Dokki street, following the flyover and then taking the last right hand side turning to the end, past the small hospital.

From Ethiopia - getting a visa from the Sudanese Embassy in Addis Ababa is extremely unpredictable, although it is cheaper (around US$60). Your name is first sent to Khartoum merely for approval. An official has stated, "It could take two weeks, it could take two months." Once your name has been approved, the visa itself only takes a couple of days. Britons and Americans are generally given more of a run around, but no nationality is guaranteed swift receipt of a visa. Expect to wait a minimum of two weeks for approval. If your trip continues from Sudan to Egypt and you already have your Egyptian visa you may be given a one-week transit visa for Sudan in only a day, which can be extended in Khartoum (at a hefty cost, though). The British Embassy in Addis Ababa charges a steep 740 birr (over GBP40) for their letter of invitation/introduction.

From Kenya - visa applications are submitted between 10:00 and 12:00 and visa collected next day 15:00-15:50. Price is 5,000 Kenyan shillings (Ksh) (US$50). Letter of support for application can be obtained from own embassy (e.g. British Embassy, charges Ksh8,200, turnaround time depends on availability of the Consul who needs to sign the letter). Sudanese Embassy is located in Kabarnet Road, off Ngong Road (10 minutes walk from Wildebeest Campsite accommodation in Kibera Road, and near Prestige Shopping Plaza). Google, Visa HQ, etc., show the old address (Minet ICDC building), which is not correct. Generally the experience at the Nairobi Sudanese Embassy is less confusing than in Egypt (with its jostling queues at three anonymous but different windows).

Possibly out of date information: From Kenya - as in Addis Ababa, the Sudanese Embassy in Nairobi sends your name to Khartoum for approval. The time it takes is similarly ambiguous, although the embassy is far more professional and efficiently-run than Addis Ababa's.

Hours-long waits for customs clearance are not unheard of, and landing in Khartoum can be tricky. Entering or exiting by land usually goes smoothly. Alcohol is forbidden in Sudan, and attempting to import it could bring strict penalties.

Permits and other legal requirements [ edit ]

• Registration is obligatory within 3 days of arrival. It can be done at any of the entry ports, including Wadi Halfa, Khartoum, Port Sudan and Sawakin. Do not be tempted to skip registration, as it is very likely to cause problems when you leave the country - you might not be allowed to board your flight! Although anecdotal evidence suggests registration can be done when departing from the Khartoum airport.
• There is a departure tax at the land borders. In case departing by air, departure tax is already included in the airline ticket price. The travel permit and the photo permit are no longer required.

By plane [ edit ]

Khartoum Airport ( KRT  IATA ) is the main gateway into Sudan by air. There are also some international flights which use Port Sudan airport.

Khartoum Airport is served by various Middle Eastern and African airlines. Among the cities with direct air links with Khartoum are Abu Dhabi (Etihad), Addis Ababa (Ethiopian Airlines), Amman (Royal Jordanian), Bahrain (Gulf Air), Cairo (EgyptAir, Sudan Airways), Damascus (Syrian Airlines), Doha (Qatar Airways), Dubai Airport (Emirates), Istanbul (Turkish Airlines), Nairobi (Kenya Airways), Sharjah (Air Arabia low cost airline)

Port Sudan airport handles flights to Jeddah , Saudi Arabia and Cairo . These flights usually begin/end at Khartoum.

On April 15, 2023, Khartoum Airport was seized by rebel forces and is closed due to ongoing fighting.

By train [ edit ]

There are train routes between Sudan and South Sudan from the city of Babanusa in Sudan to Wau in South Sudan.

By land [ edit ]

One way to get in from Ethiopia is via the border village of Gallabat . The road crossing from Egypt periodically closes, depending on diplomatic and trading relations between the two countries. Check for information before trying this route.

By bus [ edit ]

When open, there are buses from Aswan , Egypt; be prepared for a long 5-6 hours delays at the border.

There is no updated information about public transportation between Sudan and newly-independent South Sudan .

By boat [ edit ]

The most reliable way to enter Sudan from Egypt is via the weekly ferry from Aswan in Egypt to Wadi Halfa . It runs on Mondays to Sudan and back on Wednesdays, and costs US$33 per person. The boat is old and crowded with people and goods (the best place to sleep is on deck amongst the cargo) but it takes in some magnificent views (including that of Abu Simbel). Food and drink are available on board. There are frequent ferries from Saudi Arabia . If travelling from the south, ferry tickets can be purchased at Khartoum's main train terminal in North Khartoum.

Get around [ edit ]

Apart from Khartoum, there are small airports in Wadi Halfa , El Debba , Dongola , Port Sudan , El Fasher , Wad Madani , Merowe and El Obeid , all served by Sudan Airways [dead link] . Most flights operate from Khartoum. Be prepared for changing timetables and cancelled flights.

Although Sudan has one of the largest rail networks in Africa much of it is in a state of disrepair. There is reason for optimism about train travel in Sudan again. The Nile Express , with new trains brought in from China, now whisks passengers between Khartoum and Atbara on renovated tracks. More tracks are being renovated but for now other services are limited to local trains around the capital Khartoum, a weekly service from Wadi Halfa , timed with the ferry to/from Egypt, and a very sporadic service with Nyala . Sole operator of trains in Sudan is the Sudan Railways Corporation .

By car [ edit ]

Driving in Sudan is chaotic but not especially dangerous by African standards. Visitors to the area who are inexperienced at international driving are advised to hire a taxi or a driver. In most of the country, a 4WD is essential; Sudan's main highway is sealed for much of the way but most of the roads in the country are dirt or sand tracks. Crossing in to Sudan from Egypt via the ferry from Aswan to Wadi Halfa now has the benefit of the Chinese financed tarmac highway covering the 400 km south to Dongola, and then right through to Khartoum, another 500 km. This road is quick for overlanders as there are few military roadblocks, and very little other traffic.

While buses do run frequently in the better travelled areas, in remoter areas people tend to use trucks or "boxes" (Toyota Hiluxes) - they're usually just as crowded as the buses but have fewer people sitting on top and get stuck in the sand less often. They tend to go whenever they fill up, which can take half a day or so. If you have money to spare, you can hire a whole one to yourself

By bicycle [ edit ]

It is legal to cycle around Sudan, although it might be advisable to forget to mention your mode of transport when getting your permit to travel. "Cycling" will often consist of pushing the bike through sand or rattling along corrugations but the scenery and the warmth of the Sudanese people may compensate for the physical and bureaucratic hassles. Check carefully the availability of clean, drinkable water. Theft is not a problem; it is generally safe to leave bicycles unattended in villages and towns. Flies, puncture-generous thorn trees and, in the far north, lack of shade, can be real annoyances.

Talk [ edit ]

The official languages of Sudan are Arabic and English .

For most Sudanese people, Arabic is their first language, and English is normally their second language.

The local vernacular is Sudanese Arabic , which is somewhat similar to the Arabic spoken in Saudi Arabia .

If you don't know the local dialect, do not despair; all Sudanese people learn Modern Standard Arabic at school, so you should have no problems communicating in major cities. Bear in mind that illiteracy is still a major problem in Sudan.

Prior to a constitutional change in 2005, Arabic was the sole official language of the country.

See [ edit ]

In Khartoum/Omdurman you must see the Sufi ritual of drumming and trance dancing, about one hour before sunset and Friday prayer. These rituals take place northwest of the Nile river in Omdurman. Very welcoming, festive atmosphere.

A walk around Tuti Island, situated in the middle of the confluence of the two branches of the Nile, can take about four hours. The less populated northern section is pretty, with its shady lanes, and irrigated fields, and there is a great little coffee stall under a tree on the western side.

The pyramids of Meroe are 2.5 hours north of Khartoum (leave early to avoid Khartoum traffic). On the same route visit the sites of Naqa and Musawarat. Permits are required before visiting the sites. You pay at each site (which may depend on how well your driver gets along with the guards). Naqa and Musawarat are signposted beside the Nile Petrol station (about 1 hour 15 minutes north of Khartoum) and the track is fairly clear but sandy. It is probably good to carry a GPS to avoid getting lost in the bush.

After 16:00 take a good coffee at the Burj Al-Fatih - also known as Corinthia hotel -, with high altitude view over Khartoum, the Nile, and Omdurman, and stay to watch the sunset. Worthwhile.

About 1½ hours south of Khartoum visit the dam. Just north of the dam (downstream) the Nile is also very wide; on Friday/Saturday the area is popular is day visitors.

There is good diving near Port Sudan, either on live-aboards or from the new Red Sea Resort (north of Port Sudan). Beware the windy season (Nov to Feb) unless you're not prone to seasickness (2½-hour dingy ride from the coast in rough seas can be testing!)

Do [ edit ]

Buy [ edit ], money [ edit ].

The currency of the country is the Sudanese pound (Arabic: جنية jeneh , ISO currency code: SDG ). The pound is divided into 100 piastres (coins). The "G" in the currency code stands for "guinea".

The pound was introduced in 2007, to replace the Sudanese dinar (Arabic: دينار dinar , SDD). The new pound is worth 100 old dinars.

Coins in Sudan come in denominations of 1-, 5-, 10-, 20 and 50 piastres and 1 Sudanese pound. Banknotes in Sudan come in denominations of 1-, 2-, 5-, 10-, 20-, 50-, 100-, 200-, 500 and 1,000 Sudanese pounds.

Things are not so simple when it comes to price quoting. Instead of new pounds (which are hardly used for quoting) and dinars (more commonly used, especially when quoting in English), most people still talk in terms of the old pound, although there are no more old pound notes in circulation. One dinar is worth 10 old pounds. Hence, when a person asks for 10,000 pounds, they actually want 1,000 dinars from you. And just to add to the confusion further, people usually do away with the thousands when quoting in pounds. So, your taxi driver may ask you for 10 pounds, which actually means 10,000 old pounds, which is equivalent to 1,000 dinars, which should be referred to once again as just 10 pounds! To clear any confusion, you could try saying "new pound" or جنية الجديد jeneh al-jedid .

Easy summary: 1 new pound = 100 dinars = 1000 old pounds (long out of use)

Foreign cash into Sudan , preferably United States dollars (often accepted in hotels), Bank of England pounds and, to a lesser extent, euros are also fairly easy to exchange at banks in big cities. Travellers cheques are not accepted in Sudan.

There are many banks in Khartoum and throughout Sudan but not all of them have foreign exchange facilities. There are several money changers in Khartoum , especially in Afra Mall. There are also several Western Union agents in Khartoum which will do payouts for money transferred from overseas.

The currency is not fully convertible, and there is a black market with rates a little higher than the official rates: black market dealers quoted the U.S dollar at SGP1,030 in Nov 2023. The Sudanese pound is a closed currency, so be sure to change it back before you leave the country.

The currency is unstable, and the annual inflation rate was reported in Feb 2023 to be 63%.

ATMs [ edit ]

• United Capital Bank (Corinthia Hotel) has an international Visa card ATM.
• Bank of Khartoum Visa card
• Qatar National Bank Visa card

Eat [ edit ]

Sudanese cuisine [ edit ].

Sudanese cuisine has various influences, but none of them dominates the regional culinary cultures. Among the influences are from Egyptian, Ethiopian, Yemeni and Turkish cuisines (meatballs, pastries and spices), but there are also numerous dishes that are common to all Arabian nations.

• Foul , made from fava beans, is a common dish. It is eaten daily in breakfast by many Sudanese and can be considered the national dish.
• Local Sudanese breads are Kissra , a bread made from durra or corn; and Gurassa , a thick bread from wheat flour similar to pancake, but thicker. Sudanese also class Aseeda , a porridge made from wheat, millet or corn, as a bread.
• One local Northern Sudanese dish is Gurassa Bil Damaa , which is a bread of unleavened wheat similar to a pancake but thicker, topped up with meat stew or chicken.
• Some Eastern Sudanese dishes are Mukhbaza , which is made of shredded wheat bread mixed with mashed bananas and honey; Selaat , which is lamb cooked over heated stones; and Gurar , which is a kind of local sausage cooked in a similar way to Selaat.
• One of the popular dishes from western Sudan is Agashe , meat seasoned with ground peanuts and spices (mainly hot chilli), and cooked on a grill or an open flame.
• Fresh fruits and vegetables are very common.

Restaurants and food shopping [ edit ]

There are many modern restaurants/cafes such as Mexican, Korean, Italian, Turkish, Pakistani, Indian and Chinese in Khartoum and in Kharto North.

One of the main attractions is Sug al Naga (the camel market) north of Omdurman, where you can select your meat of choice and then hand it over to one of the ladies to cook it for you in the way which you prefer.

Drink [ edit ]

Islam is the official religion of the country, and alcohol has been banned since sharia was imposed in the 1980s. Sudanese people frequently drink tea , usually sweet and black. Sudan also has some refreshing drinks such as karkade (hibiscus) which can be served hot or chilled, aradeeb (tamarind) and gongleiz (made with the baobab fruit). The local energy drink is a carbohydrate-laden drink known as madeeda. There are several types of madeeda, made with dates, dukhun (millet) or other ingredients blended with fresh milk, and usually heavily sweetened with sugar, though reduced-sugar versions may be available if you ask. Sudanese coffee is available in most souks and is similar to Turkish style coffee; thick and strong, sometimes flavoured with cardamom or ginger with a powerful kick and altogether delicious. Not to be taken before bed though if you want an undisturbed night's sleep!

However, while alcohol is strictly illegal in the Muslim north, locally-brewed alcohol is widely available in various forms and at various degrees of potency. A local beer (merissa) brewed from sorghum or millet is cloudy, sour and heavy and likely to be brewed with untreated water and will almost certainly lead to the 'Mahdi's revenge' (the Sudanese version of ' Delhi belly '). Aragi is a pure spirit distilled from sorghum or in its purest form, dates. It is potent and should be treated with respect, and beware that it is sometimes contaminated with the likes of methanol or embalming fluid to add flavour and potency! Be aware though that all these brews are not only potentially hazardous for your health but illegal, and being caught in possession can result in the full implementation of Islamic law punishments.

The general advice is not to drink tap water ; in most rural areas, you will not be able to, as there are no taps. Where there are no bore holes (which often yield water that is fine to drink), water is often taken directly from the Nile.

Sleep [ edit ]

Larger towns and cities [ edit ].

Most larger towns and cities have affordable hotels, although not as cheap as you might imagine. Quality is generally consistent within the price range.

Basic hotels provide a bed and a fan with shared bathroom/toilet facilities. There may be more than one bed in the room but you are usually expected to pay for the whole room. The bigger the group of travellers, the more economical these rooms are, as more beds are often put in a room (within reason) to accommodate everybody without the price being changed. Some hotels have cheaper beds outside in the open as in smaller towns and cities. These hotels are not very clean but are cheap and perfectly acceptable for short stays.

Lower mid-range hotels - more likely to be found in Khartoum - offer the worst value for money. They may have en suite bathrooms, (mostly evaporative) air conditioning and satellite television, but for what you're paying (two or three times that of basic hotels depending on your bargaining skills) the rooms are extremely tatty and hotel owners will almost always subscribe to the philosophy of: 'Only fix something if the guest complains'. There will sometimes be rooms minus the bathroom/air conditioning/television for prices a little above those in basic hotels.

Upper mid-range hotels are the next step up, with spotless rooms of a far higher quality but prices (usually quoted in dollars) closer to what you'd expect in the West. You'll have little to find fault with, though.

Top-end hotels are commonly of the five star variety, and include the Hilton. The few are found mostly in Khartoum. They are much more expensive than the upper mid-range hotels.

Outside larger towns and cities [ edit ]

Outside larger towns and cities hotels don't normally go above basic. That means bedframes with either simply a string mesh or with thin mattresses; that is not to say they are uncomfortable. They are offered (generally in fours or fives) in rooms where there is often a ceiling fan to keep things cool. The beds are usually cheaper - and more fun to sleep in - out in the courtyard under the stars, although there is obviously less privacy and security. As with the basic hotels in larger towns and cities, it is more often than not impossible to rent one bed in a room as you might in a dormitory. Hotel owners insist that you rent the whole room. Rooms become unavailable quickly at certain times (weekends, for example). Showers may be bucket showers, with water straight out of the Nile if your route follows that river.

Camping in the wild is easy in rural areas outside the south as long as the usual precautions are taken.

Stay safe [ edit ]

Safety in Sudan has many dimensions. On one hand, theft is almost unheard of, you'll never be robbed in the street and people will go to great length to ensure your well-being. On the other hand, Sudan has a long history of conflict, the government is not particularly open or accountable, and under the surface corruption is rife.

Sudan is an Islamic country and consumption of alcohol is illegal. Extra-marital relations, including having guest in a hotel room, is illegal, with severe penalties.

Armed conflict [ edit ]

Sudan was at 40-year civil war between the Khartoum based central government and non-Muslim separatist groups from the South, at the time when South Sudan was still part of Sudan. Relations between the two countries after the independence of South Sudan remain fluid and somewhat tense or complicated

The well-publicized conflict in Darfur is still taking place, making travelling to the western parts of Sudan totally inadvisable.

Corruption [ edit ]

Sudan is one of the most corrupt countries in the world. Bribery, cronyism, and nepotism are endemic, affecting all aspects of public life in the country. The police earn very little and often extort people for bribes to make ends meet.

If you are the victim of a crime, do not expect the Sudanese police to provide you with reliable assistance; their only job is to deprive you of your money, waste your time, and misbehave with you. People have even been arrested for lodging complaints against the police, so refrain from lodging complaints against deviant police officers.

Transportation [ edit ]

Sudan is one of four countries worldwide that do not comply with international flight safety protocol. The fleet of the state-owned Sudan Airways is mainly composed of 1950s-era Soviet aircraft. Some planes have no navigation, lighting, or are missing critical pieces of landing gear. Sudan is a very dangerous country for internal air travel.

Entering Sudan via personal car is also challenging. Sudan has a highly militarized border with its neighbor Egypt and Westerners run into problems at the border if they wish to cross.

Bus travel is also not without its issues. Some buses are better than others - some are excellent, with icy-cold AC and complementary drinks, others may be less salubrious, e.g. sitting in a hot bus (did we mention no A/C?) with jabbering Egyptian tourists for nearly an entire day.

Personal safety [ edit ]

There is almost no likelihood of being physically attacked (mugged) for your possessions, but keep an eye on your things in public places, e.g. street cafes. Sometimes thieves operate in pairs: one distracts you while the other makes off with your stuff. There have been cases of pickpocketing in Sudan as well

Women travelers [ edit ]

While solo women will raise a few eyebrows, travel may be relatively safe (in areas unaffected by civil war) if they dress and act appropriately for an Islamic country. Traditionally, women in Sudan wear loose flowing robes due to restrictive laws against wearing trousers and short or tight skirts; thousands of women are arrested and flogged for indecency every year, and laws can be applied arbitrarily.

In general, it is best for women to travel in groups, and even better, with men.

Police and army [ edit ]

You will see armed policemen and military personnel everywhere but you will not have any problems with them unless you have infringed some rule, e.g., taking photographs or filming in prohibited areas. Sudanese police are sometimes known to target travelers for bribes .

Photography [ edit ]

Sudan has very strict rules about taking pictures. As this is a Muslim-majority country, people place a huge emphasis on personal privacy.

To take pictures in Sudan, you must have a permit from the government.

Photographing or filming military personnel or installations is a quick way to get into trouble.

LGBT travellers [ edit ]

Sudan is not a safe destination for gay and lesbian travellers ; in the 2019 Arab Barometer Survey, only 17% of Sudanese people said that homosexuality was socially acceptable.

Open display of LGBT behaviour may result in open contempt and/or violence.

Stay healthy [ edit ]

Sudan is a malarial region, so be especially cautious during the rainy season. Poisonous snakes, spiders and scorpions are common in the southern areas.

Be cautious when drinking water . Make sure you choose bottled water, or use purifying tablets. Also, avoid any fruit drinks, as they are obviously made with the local water. And remember, that any ice cubes (for example, in sodas) are only frozen local water.

On long trips (particularly during the hot season) on public transport it is often impossible - or would be expensive - to carry the amount of bottled water you need, and it may be scarce at certain remote stops. Therefore, keep plenty of your chosen means of purification close at hand (not in your luggage strapped to the roof!). Sanitation in some areas is nonexistent, so wash your hands frequently.

Food from streetside vendors is generally fine if it is being prepared and served frequently. Empty restaurants and street cafes often indicate that food is standing uncovered and unrefrigerated for hours at a time.

Sudanese currency is notoriously dirty, and even the Sudanese handle small bills as little as possible. A hint would be to carry antibacterial wipes or gel in your luggage to treat your hands after handling filthy currency notes or shaking too many unwashed hands.

Sudan reported Ebola outbreaks in 2004 and it is not advised to take local hospital treatments unless there is a real urgency. If you have malaria-like symptoms, seek medical assistance when possible, medical treatment is also available in many private clinics with high standards and reasonable prices. Here are some of these private clinics: ( Doctors clinic , Africa St, Fidail medical center , Hospital road Downtown, Yastabshiron medical center , Riyadh area, Modern medical center , Africa St, International Hospital , Khartoum north-Alazhary St)

Schistosomiasis/Bilharzia - Avoid bathing or walking through slow-flowing fresh waterways. If you have been in contact with such water or develop an itchy rash or fevers after your return, seek medical attention. Doctors in the West may only think to test you for malaria - you may need to see a tropical medicine specialist.

Respect [ edit ]

In general, the Sudanese are hospitable, sociable people. They consider it shameful to give someone a poor welcome, so you can expect to be treated with immense respect as a tourist.

Basic etiquette [ edit ]

Always use your right hand when shaking hands, bringing something to someone, and so on. The left hand is considered unclean in Sudan. It would be considered impolite to use your left hand to offer something to someone.

The Sudanese are not known for being punctual, which can be very surprising to visitors from countries where punctuality is highly valued. Lateness does not imply rudeness or a lack of interest; people have a casual approach to time.

It's common for the Sudanese to turn up to a place unannounced . When this happens, stop what you are doing and attend to your guests.

The Sudanese take relationships very seriously and they view them as long-term commitments . The following tips will come in handy:

• If you've been invited to a Sudanese home, you will often be showered with tea, coffee, and snacks. Refusing any of these would seriously offend the Sudanese and it could get them to think that you do not appreciate them or their hospitality.
• Social visiting and hosting have a lot of importance in Sudanese society. Not visiting someone for a long time and/or not talking to someone for a long time could get someone to think that you do not value the relationship you have with them.
• Sincerity and genuineness are highly valued in Sudan. Don't say something if you don't mean it. Don't say "next time" if there isn't going to be a "next time".
• Generosity is highly valued in Sudan. Offering someone a ride, helping them out with something, and the like will be greatly appreciated by the locals.
• Always return favours. If a Sudanese person asks you for your help, you are expected to follow through with it.

Religious sensitivities [ edit ]

Sudan is a Muslim-majority country. From 1973 to 2021, Sudan was governed by a form of Sharia law. The new government has been making an attempt to liberalise Sudanese society by separating religion and the state.

During Ramadan, you should refrain from eating, drinking, smoking, and chewing in public. Not doing so would be seen as tactless and extremely disrespectful.

Do not under any circumstances show images, statues, or figures of the prophet Muhammad . In 2007, a British schoolteacher was arrested for allowing her class to name a teddy bear "Muhammad" and approximately 10,000 protestors took to the streets in Khartoum and demanded her execution. Although the schoolteacher returned safely to her home country, other related controversies have led to violence.

Dogs are considered to be unclean in Sudan.

Local customs [ edit ]

To show the bottom of your foot is an insulting gesture, as is the touching of the thumb to the index finger while extending the rest of the fingers (the North American sign for "O-kay"). Although Sudan is a moderate Muslim culture, foreigners are still discouraged from speaking directly to local women unless spoken to, and even then it would be polite to ask permission from the man accompanying her before responding. Try to avoid physical contact with women if possible.

Conversation [ edit ]

During conversation, avoid asking direct questions about people's political opinions unless you know the person quite well and sense that they would be comfortable; repercussions could be serious for them. Tact is a necessity in a country that has suffered the trauma of more than 40 years of civil war, and refugees from affected areas are spread around the country, especially Khartoum.

Connect [ edit ]

Internet and telephone services remain unreliable and may be blocked or suspended at short notice (Apr 2022).

Telephone [ edit ]

Sudan's international direct dialling code is 249 . Its international direct dialling access code is 00 although mobile phone users in Sudan will be able to dial overseas numbers by putting "+" in front of the country code.

Prepaid mobile phone packages are easily available in Sudan. The two telecommunications companies in Sudan are ZAIN [dead link] (Tel: +249 91 230000) and MTN [dead link] (Tel: +249 92-1111111). Zain has a cheaper prepaid package than Mtn. The customer service line for MTN, should you need to call them for any problems, can be difficult to get through.

Coverage maps

• Mobitel (zain SD) [1]
• MTN Sudan [2] [formerly dead link]
• Sudani [3] [formerly dead link]

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COVID-19: travel health notice for all travellers

Sudan travel advice

Latest updates: Health – editorial update

Last updated: March 25, 2024 11:43 ET

On this page

Safety and security, entry and exit requirements, laws and culture, natural disasters and climate, sudan - avoid all travel.

The Government of Canada evacuation flights have ended. However, you should leave the country if you can do so safely.

Canadians in Sudan needing consular assistance should contact the Emergency Watch and Response Centre .

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Fighting throughout Sudan

The security situation in Sudan has been very dangerous since fighting broke out between the army and paramilitary forces on April 15, 2023. Heavy gunfire and explosions have occurred across the country, resulting in numerous casualties, including civilians. There are also reports of attacks and sexual assaults, including rape. Foreigners and staff of international organizations have been targeted.

Access to essential services is disrupted. Most hospitals are out of service. Access to basic necessities such as food, water, medication, and fuel is increasingly challenging. The telecommunication network is unreliable.

All airports are closed to commercial flights. All overland travel is extremely hazardous.

The Embassy of Canada in Sudan has temporarily suspended its operations and our evacuation flights have ended. Our ability to provide consular services is extremely limited. Commercial onward options may be available to depart Sudan via Port Sudan. However, you should carefully assess the travel routes before deciding to go there.

The security situation is highly volatile. Clashes are likely to continue in the near future. The situation could deteriorate further. You should leave the country now if you can do so safely.

If you are currently in Sudan and choose to stay despite this advisory:

• keep in mind that you are responsible for your own safety and that of your family
• use your judgment to decide the best time and the safest means to move to a safer location if you think it's required
• shelter in a safe place if you are not travelling to leave the country
• avoid travelling to the Wadi Seidna Airfield
• ensure that you have essential supplies, including food, water and fuel
• keep your doors and windows locked at all times
• keep your phone charged at all times
• ensure that your passport and other travel documents are up-to-date and secure at all times
• register or update your personal information through the Registration of Canadians Abroad service and encourage other Canadian citizens in Sudan to do so
• monitor the local and international media to stay informed on the evolving situation
• follow the advice of local authorities

Canada’s response to the crisis in Sudan – Government of Canada

Political situation

The country remains without a functioning government following a seizure of power by the military on October 25, 2021, and the resignation of the prime minister on January 2, 2022.

Frequent demonstrations are continuing to take place in various cities, particularly in Khartoum and Omdurman.

Clashes between protestors and security forces have occurred. Security forces have used excessive and lethal force to disperse crowds, which has resulted in numerous casualties. They have also arrested an unknown number of activists and protestors.

Access to cellular service (both phone and internet) is periodically restricted throughout the country. During days of planned demonstrations, roadblocks have been set up on the bridges linking Khartoum to the suburbs and checkpoints have been established.

There is uncertainty surrounding the current political arrangement, and the situation could deteriorate quickly. Access to essential services could be disrupted without notice.  Access to cellular service (both phone and internet) is periodically restricted throughout the country.

If you are in Sudan:

• limit your movements
• maintain low profile
• avoid all demonstrations and large gatherings
• monitor the local media to stay informed on the evolving situation

Demonstrations

Demonstrations take place regularly. Even peaceful demonstrations can turn violent at any time. They can also lead to disruptions to traffic and public transportation.

• Avoid areas where demonstrations and large gatherings are taking place
• Follow the instructions of local authorities
• Monitor local media for information on ongoing demonstrations

Mass gatherings (large-scale events)

The conflict in Darfur has created a dangerous situation in western Sudan, particularly outside the major towns. Other areas of Sudan and eastern Chad are also affected by the conflict.

Despite the signing of a preliminary peace agreement, the security situation in Darfur remains extremely volatile, and lawlessness is prevalent.

Violence has resulted in deaths, displacement of people, general instability and insecurity.

The region has seen sporadic fighting between the government and rebels groups. Carjacking, break-ins and kidnapping remain a genuine threat to foreigners.

Violence regularly breaks out within camps for internally displaced people. Humanitarian workers and United Nations (U.N.) peacekeepers have been attacked and kidnapped.

Further clashes and regional violence cannot be ruled out.

A state of emergency is in effect in the 5 states of Darfur, Kassala, and South, West and North Kordofan. Curfews are sometimes put in effect by the government.

You should leave if you are in Darfur.

Abyei region, West Kordofan, South Kordofan and Blue Nile

Both Sudan and South Sudan claim Abyei, and there is continued fighting in South Kordofan and Blue Nile between government forces and rebels.

There is a heightened risk of attacks in the region. Armed groups have carried out attacks on foreign workers, including oil field workers.

Sudan has declared a state of emergency in the states bordering South Sudan.

You should leave if you are in Abyei administrative region, South Kordofan or Blue Nile states.

Border with Eritrea in Red Sea and Kassala states, and with Ethiopia in Al-Qadrif and Sennar states

The security situation in the area comprised within 50 km of the border with Eritrea, in Red Sea, and Kassala states, and within 50 km of the border with Ethiopia in the Al-Qadrif and Sennar states is volatile due to cross-border militant activity. Military operations have been occurring in the Tigray region of Ethiopia since early November 2020.

Foreigners working for aid organizations in this area have been the target of attacks.

Border with Egypt

The Halayib triangle and Bir Tawil are disputed territories between Sudan and Egypt. The threat of isolated and indiscriminate clashes cannot be discounted.

Northern State

There have been reports of a mobilisation and movement of security forces in Northern State, in particular Merowe and the surrounding areas, in April 2023.

Border with Libya

The area within 50 km of the border with Libya is used by armed groups as transit route to smuggle weapons, goods and people and is prone to banditry.

Border crossings

The land borders with some neighbouring countries are closed. Border closures may occur without notice.

Commercial overland expeditions occasionally cross Sudan’s land borders with Libya, the Central African Republic and Chad, but these routes are dangerous.

There are landmines in many areas outside the main cities, including border areas.

Don’t attempt to cross land borders.

While the incidence of crime in Khartoum is low, incidents of petty crime are increasing including opportunistic theft from vehicles. Keep valuables out of sight and drive with locked doors and closed windows.

Banditry is rampant throughout western Sudan, especially in the Darfur region. Several incidents have resulted in deaths near the border with Chad.

Random searches

For national security reasons, Sudanese authorities may conduct random searches of personal effects belonging to individuals working for international organizations.

There is a threat of terrorism. Terrorist attacks could occur at any time.

Targets could include:

• government buildings, including schools
• places of worship
• airports and other transportation hubs and networks
• sites frequented by foreigners such as tourist attractions, restaurants, bars, coffee shops, shopping centres markets, hotels, etc.

Always be aware of your surroundings when in public places.

Westerners face the risk of being kidnapped even in Khartoum.

Maintain a heightened level of vigilance and consider regularly modifying your patterns of travel.

Pirate attacks and armed robbery against ships occur in coastal waters. Mariners should take appropriate precautions.

Live piracy report  - International Maritime Bureau

Fuel shortages

There are shortages of fuel in Khartoum and most other areas of Sudan.

If you must travel by road, make sure you have enough fuel for the entire trip.

Road safety

Unpredictable local driving habits, pedestrians and roaming animals pose serious risks.

Road conditions are poor.

Many roads outside the capital are sand tracks. A four-wheel-drive vehicle is required for overland travel except on the Khartoum–Kassala–Port Sudan, Khartoum–Atbara, and Khartoum–El Obeid highways.

Only experienced and fully equipped travellers should undertake desert travel. Basic equipment should include:

• metal ramps for heavy sand
• a global positioning system (GPS)
• spare fuel and
• water supplies

Roadblocks are common. Have your identity and vehicle documents readily available.

Public transportation

Public transportation is limited outside of major urban areas.

Most buses are irregularly scheduled. They are poorly maintained and drivers are reckless. Fatal accidents involving buses are routine.

If you decide to travel by bus, use only top-of-the-line buses.

A ferry connects Wadi Halfa, in Sudan, and Aswan, in Egypt.

A weekly train service operates between Wadi Halfa and Khartoum.

Trains are dilapidated, but service is punctual.

Taxis are available in urban centres but are generally in bad conditions.

In Khartoum, you may use an online hailing service but you must have a local SIM card in your phone with the data service.

We do not make assessments on the compliance of foreign domestic airlines with international safety standards.

Information about foreign domestic airlines

Every country or territory decides who can enter or exit through its borders. The Government of Canada cannot intervene on your behalf if you do not meet your destination’s entry or exit requirements.

We have obtained the information on this page from the Sudanese authorities. It can, however, change at any time.

Verify this information with the  Foreign Representatives in Canada .

Entry requirements vary depending on the type of passport you use for travel.

Before you travel, check with your transportation company about passport requirements. Its rules on passport validity may be more stringent than the country’s entry rules.

Regular Canadian passport

Your passport must be valid for at least 6 months beyond the date you expect to leave Sudan.

Passport for official travel

Different entry rules may apply.

Official travel

Passport with “X” gender identifier

While the Government of Canada issues passports with an “X” gender identifier, it cannot guarantee your entry or transit through other countries. You might face entry restrictions in countries that do not recognize the “X” gender identifier. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Other travel documents

Different entry rules may apply when travelling with a temporary passport or an emergency travel document. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Useful links

• Foreign Representatives in Canada
• Canadian passports

Tourist visa: required Business visa: required Student visa: required Transit visa: required

Allow at least 2 months between your visa application and the intended date of travel. Visas are not granted automatically to prospective travellers.

Registration

As a foreigner, you must register with the Ministry of the Interior’s Aliens’ Registration Office within 3 days of your arrival in Sudan.

If arriving by land or sea, you can register at your port of entry.

Certain larger hotels offer to register their guests. Processing fees apply and vary depending on where you register. Two passport-style photos may be required.

Travels outside of Khartoum

You must obtain a permit before travelling outside of Khartoum. You can obtain your permit from the Foreign Ministry. You should start procedures at least a week prior to your trip dates.

It is extremely difficult to obtain permits for destinations within west Sudan, except for persons working for registered humanitarian organizations and diplomatic missions.

Sudanese authorities enforce permit regulations rigorously and they can retain documents. Carry at least 3 copies of your travel permit and passport, including the Sudan visa page, at all times.

Stamp from Israel

Local authorities will automatically deny you entry to Sudan if your passport contains a stamp from Israel.

Children and travel

The country’s customs, laws and regulations adhere closely to Islamic practices and beliefs.

Under Sudanese law, women and their children may encounter difficulties relating to mobility. Local authorities may prohibited them from departing Sudan if the father has not given his consent, regardless of custodial rights accorded to the mother by any Sudanese, Canadian or other courts.

• Travelling with children

Yellow fever

Learn about potential entry requirements related to yellow fever (vaccines section).

Relevant Travel Health Notices

• Global Measles Notice - 13 March, 2024
• COVID-19 and International Travel - 13 March, 2024
• Dengue: Advice for travellers - 25 March, 2024
• Polio: Advice for travellers - 4 January, 2024

This section contains information on possible health risks and restrictions regularly found or ongoing in the destination. Follow this advice to lower your risk of becoming ill while travelling. Not all risks are listed below.

Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic preferably 6 weeks before you travel to get personalized health advice and recommendations.

Routine vaccines

Be sure that your  routine vaccinations , as per your province or territory , are up-to-date before travelling, regardless of your destination.

Some of these vaccinations include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, varicella (chickenpox), influenza and others.

Pre-travel vaccines and medications

You may be at risk for preventable diseases while travelling in this destination. Talk to a travel health professional about which medications or vaccines may be right for you, based on your destination and itinerary. 

There is a risk of hepatitis A in this destination. It is a disease of the liver. People can get hepatitis A if they ingest contaminated food or water, eat foods prepared by an infectious person, or if they have close physical contact (such as oral-anal sex) with an infectious person, although casual contact among people does not spread the virus.

Practise  safe food and water precautions and wash your hands often. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers to areas where hepatitis A is present.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious viral disease. It can spread from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

It is recommended that all eligible travellers complete a COVID-19 vaccine series along with any additional recommended doses in Canada before travelling. Evidence shows that vaccines are very effective at preventing severe illness, hospitalization and death from COVID-19. While vaccination provides better protection against serious illness, you may still be at risk of infection from the virus that causes COVID-19. Anyone who has not completed a vaccine series is at increased risk of being infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 and is at greater risk for severe disease when travelling internationally.

Before travelling, verify your destination’s COVID-19 vaccination entry/exit requirements. Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are adequately protected against COVID-19.

 The best way to protect yourself from seasonal influenza (flu) is to get vaccinated every year. Get the flu shot at least 2 weeks before travelling.  

 The flu occurs worldwide. 

•  In the Northern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs from November to   April.
•  In the Southern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs between April and   October.
•  In the tropics, there is flu activity year round. 

The flu vaccine available in one hemisphere may only offer partial protection against the flu in the other hemisphere.

The flu virus spreads from person to person when they cough or sneeze or by touching objects and surfaces that have been contaminated with the virus. Clean your hands often and wear a mask if you have a fever or respiratory symptoms.

Yellow fever   is a disease caused by a flavivirus from the bite of an infected mosquito.

Travellers get vaccinated either because it is required to enter a country or because it is recommended for their protection.

• There is a risk of yellow fever in this country.

Country Entry Requirement*

• Proof of vaccination is not required to enter this country.

Recommendation

• Vaccination is recommended depending on your itinerary.
• Contact a designated Yellow Fever Vaccination Centre well in advance of your trip to arrange for vaccination.
• Discuss travel plans, activities, and destinations with a health care professional.
• Protect yourself from mosquito bites.

About Yellow Fever Yellow Fever Vaccination Centres in Canada * It is important to note that   country entry requirements   may not reflect your risk of yellow fever at your destination. It is recommended that you contact the nearest   diplomatic or consular office   of the destination(s) you will be visiting to verify any additional entry requirements.

In this destination, rabies is commonly carried by dogs and some wildlife, including bats. Rabies is a deadly disease that spreads to humans primarily through bites or scratches from an infected animal. While travelling, take precautions , including keeping your distance from animals (including free-roaming dogs), and closely supervising children.

If you are bitten or scratched by a dog or other animal while travelling, immediately wash the wound with soap and clean water and see a health care professional. In this destination, rabies treatment may be limited or may not be available, therefore you may need to return to Canada for treatment.  

Before travel, discuss rabies vaccination with a health care professional. It may be recommended for travellers who are at high risk of exposure (e.g., occupational risk such as veterinarians and wildlife workers, children, adventure travellers and spelunkers, and others in close contact with animals). 

Polio (poliomyelitis) is an infectious disease that can be prevented by vaccination. It is caused by poliovirus type 1, 2 or 3. Circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus 2 (cVDPV2) is present in this country. Polio is spread from person to person and through contaminated food and water. Infection with the polio virus can cause paralysis and death in individuals of any age who are not immune.

Recommendations:

• Be sure that your polio vaccinations are up to date before travelling. Polio is part of the routine vaccine schedule for children in Canada.
• One booster dose of the polio vaccine is recommended as an adult .

Malaria  is a serious and sometimes fatal disease that is caused by parasites spread through the bites of mosquitoes.   There is a risk of malaria in certain areas and/or during a certain time of year in this destination. 

Antimalarial medication may be recommended depending on your itinerary and the time of year you are travelling. Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic before travelling to discuss your options. It is recommended to do this 6 weeks before travel, however, it is still a good idea any time before leaving.    Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times:  • Cover your skin and use an approved insect repellent on uncovered skin.  • Exclude mosquitoes from your living area with screening and/or closed, well-sealed doors and windows. • Use insecticide-treated bed nets if mosquitoes cannot be excluded from your living area.  • Wear permethrin-treated clothing.    If you develop symptoms similar to malaria when you are travelling or up to a year after you return home, see a health care professional immediately. Tell them where you have been travelling or living. 

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. It can spread quickly from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

Anyone who is not protected against measles is at risk of being infected with it when travelling internationally.

Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are fully protected against measles.

This destination is in the African Meningitis Belt, an area which has the highest rates of meningococcal disease in the world. Meningococcal disease is a serious and sometimes fatal infection. 

Travellers who are at higher risk should discuss vaccination with a health care provider. High-risk travellers include those living or working with the local population (e.g., health care workers) or those travelling to crowded areas or taking part in large gatherings.

  Hepatitis B is a risk in every destination. It is a viral liver disease that is easily transmitted from one person to another through exposure to blood and body fluids containing the hepatitis B virus.  Travellers who may be exposed to blood or other bodily fluids (e.g., through sexual contact, medical treatment, sharing needles, tattooing, acupuncture or occupational exposure) are at higher risk of getting hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all travellers. Prevent hepatitis B infection by practicing safe sex, only using new and sterile drug equipment, and only getting tattoos and piercings in settings that follow public health regulations and standards.

Safe food and water precautions

Many illnesses can be caused by eating food or drinking beverages contaminated by bacteria, parasites, toxins, or viruses, or by swimming or bathing in contaminated water.

• Learn more about food and water precautions to take to avoid getting sick by visiting our eat and drink safely abroad page. Remember: Boil it, cook it, peel it, or leave it!
• Avoid getting water into your eyes, mouth or nose when swimming or participating in activities in freshwater (streams, canals, lakes), particularly after flooding or heavy rain. Water may look clean but could still be polluted or contaminated.
• Avoid inhaling or swallowing water while bathing, showering, or swimming in pools or hot tubs. 

Cholera is a risk in parts of this country. Most travellers are at very low risk.

To protect against cholera, all travellers should practise safe food and water precautions .

Travellers at higher risk of getting cholera include those:

• visiting, working or living in areas with limited access to safe food, water and proper sanitation
• visiting areas where outbreaks are occurring

Vaccination may be recommended for high-risk travellers, and should be discussed with a health care professional.

Travellers' diarrhea is the most common illness affecting travellers. It is spread from eating or drinking contaminated food or water.

Risk of developing travellers' diarrhea increases when travelling in regions with poor standards of hygiene and sanitation. Practise safe food and water precautions.

The most important treatment for travellers' diarrhea is rehydration (drinking lots of fluids). Carry oral rehydration salts when travelling.

Typhoid   is a bacterial infection spread by contaminated food or water. Risk is higher among children, travellers going to rural areas, travellers visiting friends and relatives or those travelling for a long period of time.

Travellers visiting regions with a risk of typhoid, especially those exposed to places with poor sanitation, should speak to a health care professional about vaccination.  

There is a risk of schistosomiasis in this destination. Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by tiny worms (blood flukes) which can be found in freshwater (lakes, rivers, ponds, and wetlands). The worms can break the skin, and their eggs can cause stomach pain, diarrhea, flu-like symptoms, or urinary problems. Schistosomiasis mostly affects underdeveloped and r ural communities, particularly agricultural and fishing communities.

Most travellers are at low risk. Travellers should avoid contact with untreated freshwater such as lakes, rivers, and ponds (e.g., swimming, bathing, wading, ingesting). There is no vaccine or medication available to prevent infection.

Insect bite prevention

Many diseases are spread by the bites of infected insects such as mosquitoes, ticks, fleas or flies. When travelling to areas where infected insects may be present:

• Use insect repellent (bug spray) on exposed skin
• Cover up with light-coloured, loose clothes made of tightly woven materials such as nylon or polyester
• Minimize exposure to insects
• Use mosquito netting when sleeping outdoors or in buildings that are not fully enclosed

To learn more about how you can reduce your risk of infection and disease caused by bites, both at home and abroad, visit our insect bite prevention page.

Find out what types of insects are present where you’re travelling, when they’re most active, and the symptoms of the diseases they spread.

There is a risk of chikungunya in this country.  The risk may vary between regions of a country.  Chikungunya is a virus spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. Chikungunya can cause a viral disease that typically causes fever and pain in the joints. In some cases, the joint pain can be severe and last for months or years.

Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times. There is no vaccine available for chikungunya.

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever is a viral disease that can cause fever, pain and bleeding under the skin.  In some cases, it can be fatal.  It spreads to humans through contact with infected animal blood or tissues, or from the bite of an infected tick.  Risk is generally low for most travellers.  Protect yourself from tick bites and avoid animals, particularly livestock.  There is no vaccine available for Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever.

Lymphatic filariasis , also known as elephantiasis, is caused by filariae (tiny worms) spread to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. It can cause a range of illnesses. Risk is generally low for most travellers. Protect yourself from mosquito bites. There is no vaccine available for lymphatic filariasis although drug treatments exist.

Rift Valley fever is a viral disease that can cause severe flu-like symptoms. In some cases, it can be fatal. It is spread to humans through contact with infected animal blood or tissues, from the bite of an infected mosquito, or eating or drinking unpasteurized dairy. Risk is generally low for most travellers. Protect yourself from insect bites and avoid animals, particularly livestock, and unpasteurized dairy. There is no vaccine available for Rift Valley fever.

Visceral  leishmaniasis   (or kala azar) affects the bone marrow and internal organs. It is caused by a parasite spread through the bite of a female sandfly. It can also be transmitted by blood transfusion or sharing contaminated needles. If left untreated it can cause death. Risk is generally low for most travellers. Protect yourself from sandfly bites, which typically occur after sunset in rural and forested areas and in some urban centres. There is no vaccine or medication to protect against leishmaniasis.

Onchocerciasis (river blindness)   is an eye and skin disease caused by a parasite spread through the bite of an infected female blackfly.  Onchocerciasis often leads to blindness if left untreated. Risk is generally low for most travellers. Protect yourself from blackfly bites, which are most common close to fast-flowing rivers and streams. There is no vaccine available for onchocerciasis although drug treatments exist.

• In this country,   dengue  is a risk to travellers. It is a viral disease spread to humans by mosquito bites.
• Dengue can cause flu-like symptoms. In some cases, it can lead to severe dengue, which can be fatal.
• The level of risk of dengue changes seasonally, and varies from year to year. The level of risk also varies between regions in a country and can depend on the elevation in the region.
• Mosquitoes carrying dengue typically bite during the daytime, particularly around sunrise and sunset.
• Protect yourself from mosquito bites . There is no vaccine or medication that protects against dengue.

Animal precautions

Some infections, such as rabies and influenza, can be shared between humans and animals. Certain types of activities may increase your chance of contact with animals, such as travelling in rural or forested areas, camping, hiking, and visiting wet markets (places where live animals are slaughtered and sold) or caves.

Travellers are cautioned to avoid contact with animals, including dogs, livestock (pigs, cows), monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats, and to avoid eating undercooked wild game.

Closely supervise children, as they are more likely to come in contact with animals.

Person-to-person infections

Stay home if you’re sick and practise proper cough and sneeze etiquette , which includes coughing or sneezing into a tissue or the bend of your arm, not your hand. Reduce your risk of colds, the flu and other illnesses by:

•   washing your hands often
• avoiding or limiting the amount of time spent in closed spaces, crowded places, or at large-scale events (concerts, sporting events, rallies)
• avoiding close physical contact with people who may be showing symptoms of illness 

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) , HIV , and mpox are spread through blood and bodily fluids; use condoms, practise safe sex, and limit your number of sexual partners. Check with your local public health authority pre-travel to determine your eligibility for mpox vaccine.  

Tuberculosis is an infection caused by bacteria and usually affects the lungs.

For most travellers the risk of tuberculosis is low.

Travellers who may be at high risk while travelling in regions with risk of tuberculosis should discuss pre- and post-travel options with a health care professional.

High-risk travellers include those visiting or working in prisons, refugee camps, homeless shelters, or hospitals, or travellers visiting friends and relatives.

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)   is a virus that attacks and impairs the immune system, resulting in a chronic, progressive illness known as AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). 

High risk activities include anything which puts you in contact with blood or body fluids, such as unprotected sex and exposure to unsterilized needles for medications or other substances (for example, steroids and drugs), tattooing, body-piercing or acupuncture.

Medical services and facilities

Health care is inadequate in Sudan.

You will likely need an emergency medical evacuation is case of serious illness or injury. However, it can also be difficult to obtain and air ambulances are usually not available on short notice.

There are no medical facilities to treat diving-related injuries in Port Sudan.

• Avoid surgery in Sudan
• Ensure that your health plan coverage includes Sudan

Make sure you get travel insurance that includes coverage for medical evacuation and hospital stays.

Travel health and safety

Keep in Mind...

The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller. The traveller is also responsible for his or her own personal safety.

Be prepared. Do not expect medical services to be the same as in Canada. Pack a   travel health kit , especially if you will be travelling away from major city centres.

You must abide by local laws.

Learn about what you should do and how we can help if you are arrested or detained abroad .

Sudan is a traditional, conservative society. Sharia (Islamic law) is applied throughout the country. Islamic practices and beliefs are closely adhered to in the country’s customs, laws and regulations.

• Avoid displays of affection in public, holding hands for instance
• Be extremely discreet if swimming in public
• Avoid wearing shorts in public
• dress conservatively
• avoid wearing short skirts or shirts with low necklines
• avoid displaying bare arms

In 2024, the lunar month of Ramadan is expected to begin on or around March 10.

In public, between sunrise and sunset, be discreet when:

Religious proselytism

Religious proselytism can lead to arrest for long periods of time and deportation.

Penalties for possession, use or trafficking of illegal drugs are severe.  Bags are routinely searched upon arrival and departure at the Khartoum airport.

It is prohibited to import or consume alcohol, even in private.

Drugs, alcohol and travel

2SLGBTQI+ travellers

Sudanese law prohibits sexual acts between individuals of the same sex. Third time convicted offenders can face up to life imprisonment or the death penalty.

2SLGBTQI+ travellers should carefully consider the risks of travelling to Sudan.

Travel and your sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics

Pornography

It is prohibited to import magazines or books of a sexually explicit nature.

Photography

A photography permit is required for all forms of photography.

Even with a permit, it is strictly prohibited to photograph:

• military areas
• drainage stations
• broadcast stations
• public utilities

The authorities may suspect you of espionage if you take pictures without a permit.

If you travel with your laptop, ensure that you remove any photo files that could be deemed by the authorities as suspicious.

Dual citizenship

Dual citizenship is legally recognized in Sudan.

If you are a Canadian citizen, but also a citizen of Sudan, our ability to offer you consular services may be limited while you're there. You may also be subject to different entry/exit requirements .

Travellers with dual citizenship

International Child Abduction

The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction is an international treaty. It can help parents with the return of children who have been removed to or retained in certain countries in violation of custody rights. It does not apply between Canada and South Sudan.

If your child was wrongfully taken to, or is being held in South Sudan by an abducting parent:

• act as quickly as you can
• consult a lawyer in Canada and in South Sudan to explore all the legal options for the return of your child
• report the situation to the nearest Canadian government office abroad or to the Vulnerable Children’s Consular Unit at Global Affairs Canada by calling the Emergency Watch and Response Centre.

If your child was removed from a country other than Canada, consult a lawyer to determine if The Hague Convention applies.

Be aware that Canadian consular officials cannot interfere in private legal matters or in another country’s judicial affairs.

• International Child Abduction: A Guidebook for Left-Behind Parents
• Canadian embassies and consulates by destination
• Emergency Watch and Response Centre

Sudanese minors (under 18 years of age) require the permission of their father or guardian to leave the country.

The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction is an international treaty. It can help parents with the return of children who have been removed to or retained in certain countries in violation of custody rights. It does not apply between Canada and Sudan.

If your child was wrongfully taken to, or is being held in Sudan by an abducting parent:

• consult a lawyer in Canada and in Sudan to explore all the legal options for the return of your child

You should carry an international driving permit.

International Driving Permit

The currency of Sudan is the Sudanese pound (SDG). It is non-convertible outside the country and its export is prohibited.

Transferring U.S. dollars to Sudan is difficult because of international sanctions. In addition, U.S. currency dated prior to 2006 is not usually accepted.

Foreign banking and credit cards are not accepted in Sudan. There are ATMs, but they only service local accounts.

International flights and hotel bills must be paid in cash.

You should carry sufficient funds in U.S. dollars to cover your expenses for the duration of your stay.

Sandstorms occur, particularly from July to October. Expect difficulties travelling overland. Local services and the availability of water and basic food may be affected. Take preventive measures and exercise extreme caution.

Rainy season

The rainy season in Sudan lasts 3 months, from July to September.

Seasonal flooding can hamper overland travel and reduce the provision of essential services. Roads may become impassable and bridges damaged.

Monitor regional weather forecasts and plan accordingly.

Local services

In case of emergency, dial:

• police: 999
• medical assistance: 333
• firefighters: 777

Consular assistance

The Embassy of Canada to Sudan has temporarily suspended its operations.

For emergency consular assistance, contact the  Emergency Watch and Response Centre :

• by calling +1 613-996-8885
• by text message at +1 613-686-3658
• via WhatsApp at +1 613-909-8881
• via Telegram at Canada Emergency Abroad
• by e-mail at  [email protected]    

Canadians should also register with the  Registration of Canadians Abroad service . 

The decision to travel is your choice and you are responsible for your personal safety abroad. We take the safety and security of Canadians abroad very seriously and provide credible and timely information in our Travel Advice to enable you to make well-informed decisions regarding your travel abroad.

The content on this page is provided for information only. While we make every effort to give you correct information, it is provided on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind, expressed or implied. The Government of Canada does not assume responsibility and will not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided.

If you need consular assistance while abroad, we will make every effort to help you. However, there may be constraints that will limit the ability of the Government of Canada to provide services.

Learn more about consular services .

Risk Levels

  take normal security precautions.

Take similar precautions to those you would take in Canada.

  Exercise a high degree of caution

There are certain safety and security concerns or the situation could change quickly. Be very cautious at all times, monitor local media and follow the instructions of local authorities.

IMPORTANT: The two levels below are official Government of Canada Travel Advisories and are issued when the safety and security of Canadians travelling or living in the country or region may be at risk.

  Avoid non-essential travel

Your safety and security could be at risk. You should think about your need to travel to this country, territory or region based on family or business requirements, knowledge of or familiarity with the region, and other factors. If you are already there, think about whether you really need to be there. If you do not need to be there, you should think about leaving.

  Avoid all travel

You should not travel to this country, territory or region. Your personal safety and security are at great risk. If you are already there, you should think about leaving if it is safe to do so.

Search Smartraveller

Latest update

We continue to advise:

Do not travel to Sudan due to the dangerous security situation and the threat of armed conflict and civil unrest.

Sudan (PDF 786.52 KB)

Africa (PDF 1.68 MB)

Local emergency contacts

Fire and rescue services, medical emergencies.

Call 333 or go to the hospital.

Call 999 or visit the police station.

Advice levels

Do not travel to Sudan.

• Australians should strongly consider leaving Sudan as soon as possible. There are commercial departure options from Port Sudan or Port Suakin. You may also be able to enter Egypt and other neighbouring countries via land borders. You'll need valid travel documentation and visas. You should confirm the exact requirements with your transport provider. For more information, see ' Full advice - Safety '. 
• The security situation remains volatile, and violence could escalate with short notice. Carefully consider the risks for any departure route, including during ceasefires. Overland travel is dangerous, including to border areas due to the security situation.
• If you choose to remain in Sudan and are not confident in the safety and reliability of any departure option, you should continue to shelter in a safe place. Assaults, home invasions and looting have occurred. Foreigners have been the target of such attacks, including on-road departures. Remain vigilant at all times, including around large crowds. Adopt appropriate personal security measures. 
• A civil war is occurring in Sudan, with Khartoum and Darfur among the worst affected areas. Thousands have been killed and millions displaced. Law and order and government services have broken down in many parts of Sudan. Water, electricity, telecommunications, and banking services may not be available. Most hospitals are not functioning. Civilians have been killed in airstrikes and artillery bombardment. Residents have been evicted from homes by armed groups, and looting is common.
• There's a threat of terrorism. Terrorist attacks could occur at any time. Kidnapping is a serious risk in Sudan, including in Khartoum. Kidnappers often target foreigners. Avoid crowded areas and known targets. Be alert to possible threats. 
• Landmines and unexploded remnants of war are a risk. If you travel overland in Sudan, use main roads and paths labelled as cleared by a competent de-mining authority.

Full travel advice:  Safety

• Sudan is experiencing an outbreak of cholera. Outbreaks of acute watery diarrhoea, dengue fever, measles, mpox and polio have also been reported.  
• Yellow fever is widespread in Sudan. You may need to show your yellow fever vaccination certificate when entering and leaving Sudan (see ' Travel '). Get vaccinated against yellow fever.
• Other insect-borne diseases include malaria and Zika virus. Ensure your accommodation is insect-proof. 
• HIV/AIDS is common. Take precautions if you're engaging in high-risk activities. If you think you may have been infected, seek immediate medical help outside Sudan.
• Other infectious diseases, including hepatitis, typhoid and polio, are common. Drink only bottled water. Ensure your vaccinations are up to date.
• Medical facilities are basic in Khartoum and inadequate elsewhere. You may need to get medical help outside Sudan.

Full travel advice:  Health

• Sudan follows Islamic sharia law. Seek legal advice about family law matters, including divorce, custody and child support.
• Serious crimes attract the death penalty. Other crimes are punishable by lashes. Same-sex relations, extra-marital relations, and trying to convert a Muslim to Christianity are all illegal.

In July 2020, the Sudanese authorities amended the law on alcohol to allow consumption by non-Muslims, but not in the company of Muslims.

• Be careful when taking photographs. You need a permit for any photography. Even with a permit, it's illegal to photograph certain areas, including military installations, infrastructure and slums.
• Sudan has strict Islamic dress codes. Women should wear a headscarf and loose clothing covering the arms and legs.

Full travel advice:  Local laws

• We continue to advise do not travel to Sudan. See ' Safety '.
• If, despite our advice, you travel to Sudan, you'll need a visa to enter. Entry and exit conditions can change at short notice. You should contact the  Embassy of Sudan in Canberra  for the latest details.
• You may need to show your yellow fever vaccination certificate when entering and leaving Sudan. Check  Australia's re-entry requirements  (Department of Health and Aged Care) following exposure to yellow fever.
• It's illegal to import or export Sudanese currency. Bring US dollars to change when you arrive. You'll also need US dollars to pay in some hotels. You can't use credit cards, debit cards or traveller's cheques anywhere. 

Full travel advice:  Travel

Local contacts

• The  Consular Services Charter  details what the Australian Government can and can't do to help you overseas.
• Australia doesn't have an embassy in Sudan. You can get consular assistance from the  Australian Embassy in Cairo .  Consular services are severely limited due to local measures.
• Contact your friends and family as soon as possible to let them know you’re safe. If you have significant concerns for your welfare, or that of another Australian, contact the Consular Emergency Centre on 1300 555 135 in Australia or +61 2 62613305 outside Australia. See ‘Safety’.

Full travel advice:  Local contacts

Full advice

Security situation.

Armed conflict  is occurring across the country. Heavy fighting, gunfire and explosions are ongoing. The security situation remains volatile, and violence could escalate with short notice. 

There are reports of assaults, home invasions and looting, including on road departure routes. Foreigners and staff of international organisations have been the target of attacks and assaults, including sexual assault. Further violence could occur, including in places frequented by foreigners. Remain vigilant at all times, including around large crowds. 

There are disruptions to critical infrastructure and essential services, including road and bridge closures, electricity and telecommunications outages, restrictions to healthcare services and shortages of medical supplies.

We continue to advise do not travel to Sudan.

If you choose to remain in Sudan or are not confident in the safety and reliability of any departure option, you should:

• adopt appropriate personal security measures
• keep adequate supplies of water, food, fuel, cash and medication
• keep your phone and batteries charged
• take a photo of, and keep your passport and other travel documents with you and up to date
• monitor the media to stay informed on the evolving situation and continue to follow our advice on Smartraveller.

Leaving Sudan 

Australians should strongly consider leaving Sudan as soon as possible. There are commercial departure options from Port Sudan and Port Suakin. You must provide valid travel documentation to exit Sudan and enter Saudi Arabia or Egypt. You should confirm the exact requirements with your transport provider.  Khartoum International Airport is not operating. 

Overland travel is becoming more dangerous, including to border areas. You should consider the risks for any departure route, including during ceasefires. Any travel options, including convoys, are taken at your own risk. Make sure you have up-to-date travel documents and visas. 

Contact your friends and family as soon as possible to let them know you’re safe. If you have significant concerns for your welfare, or that of another Australian, contact the Consular Emergency Centre on 1300 555 135 in Australia or +61 2 62613305 outside Australia.

There are reports of visa  scams  impersonating the Department of Home Affairs. A fake visa won’t be recognised in Australia. To protect yourself from visa scams, you should only deal with official Australian Government channels such as the departmental website, reputable travel agents, Australian Visa Application Centres, or the  Australian High Commission or Embassy .

Entry into Saudi Arabia 

If you're travelling from Sudan to Saudi Arabia, you must have valid travel documentation. Provisional travel documents (PTDs) or IMMICards will not be accepted. You are unable to enter Saudi Arabia on an Emergency Passport but may be allowed entry for transit only in some locations (not including Jeddah). You will need to show proof of onward travel on a Saudi airline with a transit of less than 10 hours.

You need a visa for Saudi Arabia. You can obtain a visa online (e-visa) or on arrival. 

Read the  Saudi Arabia travel advice  for information on entry requirements. 

If you've arrived in Saudi Arabia from Sudan and need consular assistance, contact the Australian Embassy on +966 11 2500990 or email  [email protected]  

Sudanese passport holders have different visa and entry requirements for Saudi Arabia. If you're a Sudanese passport holder check the visa and entry requirements with the Sudanese and Saudi Arabian Consulate or Embassy or directly with your travel provider. Entry and visa requirements can change without notice. 

Entry into Egypt

Egyptair is currently operating three flights per week between Cairo and Port Sudan. Check with your travel agent. You can enter Egypt by the land border accessed through Wadi Halfa. Transit through the Egyptian border can take several days, with almost no infrastructure and very limited access to food and water. Carefully consider the risks. 

If you're travelling from Sudan to Egypt, you must have valid travel documentation. Emergency Passports are accepted in Egypt.

You need a visa to enter Egypt. You can obtain a visa online (e-visa) or on arrival.

Read the  Egypt travel advice  for information on entry requirements. 

Sudanese passport holders have different visa and entry requirements for Egypt. If you're a Sudanese passport holder check the visa and entry requirements with your travel provider or the relevant authority. Entry and visa requirements can change without notice.

Other land borders 

You may not be able to cross some land borders. Sudan's border with Chad and Eritrea are closed. Do not travel to neighbouring Libya, Chad, Central African Republic and South Sudan. You're responsible for your own safety and that of your family. You should carefully review our  travel advice  for any neighbouring country. 

Landmines and unexploded remnants of war are a danger, particularly in the Eastern States and Southern Kordofan. Use main roads and paths labelled as cleared by a competent de-mining authority.

Civil unrest and political tension

Demonstrations and protests.

Large-scale protests and demonstrations can take place in Khartoum and across the country. Demonstrations and protests have occurred in the past. There have been reports of violence against protestors, including arbitrary arrests and deaths. Protests can occur at short notice and turn violent quickly.

Avoid demonstrations and areas of possible unrest. Avoid public spaces in the period surrounding Friday prayers. Remain vigilant and limit your movements.

Internet and phone services continue to experience disruptions and remain unreliable.

Roadblocks and checkpoints continue to be imposed throughout Khartoum and across Sudan. If you encounter a roadblock, remain calm and seek an alternative route. Do not attempt to force your way through it.

Politically motivated protests, including anti-Western rallies, occur in Sudan.

The use of weapons is common. Conflict can escalate rapidly.

Curfews are imposed with little or no warning. Observe curfews and follow the advice of local authorities.

Security forces may continue to:

• ban unauthorised public gatherings
• give security forces increased powers to arrest, restrict movement and seize assets, and
• close border crossings at short notice.

Fighting between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces continues across the country. Violent and ongoing clashes among rebel groups and within the Sudanese Armed Forces have been reported.

Violent skirmishes occur between local communities and armed groups in Abyei.

Violence has resulted in the deaths of thousands and displaced millions of people.

Security at the border is worse due to violent conflict in South Sudan. 

Darfur remains dangerous.

Civilians, including foreign workers, could be affected by violence directed at others.

More information:

• Demonstrations and civil unrest

There is a threat of terrorism. Terrorist attacks could occur anywhere and at any time.

Foreigners have been the target of attacks. Further violence could occur, including in places frequented by foreigners. Remain vigilant at all times.

Terrorist groups have previously stated their intent to harm Westerners through suicide operations, bombings, shootings, and kidnappings.

Targets have included:

• places of worship
• airports and other transportation hubs and networks
• sites frequented by foreigners
• tourist attractions
• hotels, restaurants, bars and coffee shops
• shopping centres and markets

To protect yourself if you travel to Sudan despite the risks:

• vary routes and patterns of movement
• avoid travel at night, including in Khartoum and other urban areas
• avoid crowded areas and other possible targets
• monitor the media for threats, curfews and other restrictions
• take official warnings seriously

If you're travelling outside urban areas, arrange personal security. 

If there's an attack, leave as soon as it's safe. Follow the advice of local authorities.

Avoid the area after an attack because of the risk of secondary attacks.

Terrorism is a threat worldwide.

To protect yourself from crime:

• Remain alert to possible threats.
• Take precautions to protect yourself and your belongings.
• Leave valuable items out of sight.
• Keep your doors locked and windows closed at all times.
• If you’re stopped, avoid confrontation.

Foreigners are targeted for robbery, kidnapping, and carjacking elsewhere in Sudan and particularly in Darfur.

Banditry is widespread throughout western Sudan. Particularly in the Darfur and Chad–Sudan border regions, where several incidents have resulted in deaths.

Sexual assault is common in areas of armed conflict.

Due to the high risk of HIV/AIDS infection, if you are a victim of violent crime, especially rape, seek immediate medical assistance outside of Sudan.

Cyber security 

You may be at risk of cyber-based threats during overseas travel to any country. Digital identity theft is a growing concern. Your devices and personal data can be compromised, especially if you’re connecting to Wi-Fi, using or connecting to shared or public computers, or to Bluetooth. 

Social media can also be risky in destinations where there are social or political tensions, or laws that may seem unreasonable by Australian standards. Travellers have been arrested for things they have said on social media. Don't comment on local or political events on your social media. 

More information:  

Cyber security when travelling overseas  

Kidnapping  is a serious risk in Sudan, including in Khartoum, and travellers have been kidnapped. 

Kidnappings can be for financial or political gain, by criminals or terrorists. Humanitarian aid workers and journalists have been targeted for kidnapping.

The Australian Government's longstanding policy is that it doesn’t make payments or concessions to kidnappers.

People trafficking groups operate in:

• the south and east of Sudan along the border with Eritrea and Ethiopia
• some northern states

Climate and natural disasters

Sudan can experience  severe weather , including:

• high temperatures
• sand and dust storms

Recent heavy rainfall has intensified in Sudan, causing flooding, displacement and deaths. Ensure you check local weather reports, avoid flood affected areas and adhere to instructions by local authorities.

The temperature in Sudan can be extremely high. It can reach more than 50˚C.

Sudan experiences regular sand and dust storms.

The rainy season is from July to October. Seasonal flooding can affect overland travel and reduce the provision of essential services. Roads may become impassable and bridges damaged.

To protect yourself if severe weather is approaching:

• secure your passport in a safe, waterproof location
• monitor local media and other sources, such as the  Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System
• follow the advice of local authorities
• keep in contact with your friends and family

Travel insurance

Make sure you have comprehensive  travel insurance  for the whole time you’ll be away. You're likely to need a specialised insurance policy for travel to a 'do not travel' destination. Some Australian insurance policies may not cover you for travel to 'do not travel' destination.

Confirm what activities and care your policy covers, including in terms of health and travel disruptions. Your policy needs to cover all overseas medical costs, including medical evacuation: the Australian Government won’t pay for these costs.

If you can't afford travel insurance, you can't afford to travel. This applies to everyone, no matter how healthy and fit you are.

If you're not insured, you may have to pay many thousands of dollars up-front for medical care.

Physical and mental health

Consider your physical and mental health before you travel, especially if you have an existing medical condition. 

If you have immediate concerns for your welfare, or the welfare of another Australian, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on +61 2 6261 3305 or contact your  nearest Australian Embassy, High Commission or Consulate  to discuss counselling hotlines and services available in your location.

See your doctor or travel clinic to:

• have a basic health check-up
• ask if your travel plans may affect your health
• plan any vaccinations you need

Do this at least eight weeks before you leave.

• General health advice
• Healthy holiday tips  (Healthdirect Australia)

If you plan to bring medication, check if it's legal in Sudan. Take enough legal medication for your trip.

Carry a copy of your prescription or a letter from your doctor stating:

• what the medication is
• your required dosage
• that it's for personal use

Health risks

Current outbreaks.

Sudan is experiencing an outbreak of cholera. Outbreaks of acute watery diarrhoea, dengue fever, measles, mpox and polio have also been reported. 

Insect-borne diseases

Yellow fever  is widespread in Sudan. Yellow fever is a potentially fatal virus spread by mosquitoes. It's prevented by vaccination. Get vaccinated before you travel.

Malaria  is a year-round risk.

Other insect-borne diseases include these listed by the World Health Organization:

• leishmaniasis
• river blindness
• African sleeping sickness

To protect yourself from disease:

• make sure your accommodation is insect-proof
• use insect repellent
• wear long, loose, light-coloured clothing

Seek medical advice if you have a fever, muscle pain, rash or severe headache.

Consider taking medication to prevent malaria.

• Infectious diseases

HIV/AIDS  is common.

Take steps to reduce your risk of exposure to the virus.

If you're exposed to a risk of infection get immediate medical assistance outside Sudan. This includes if you are the victim of a violent crime or  sexual assault .

Other infectious diseases

Waterborne, foodborne, parasitic and other infectious diseases are common. Including these listed by the World Health Organization:

• tuberculosis
• polio (poliomyelitis)
• viral hemorrhagic fevers
• Rift Valley fever

Serious outbreaks sometimes occur.

To protect yourself from illness:

• drink boiled water or bottled water with sealed lids
• don't swim in fresh water
• avoid contact with dogs and other mammals

If you're bitten or scratched by an animal, get medical help straight away.

Seek medical advice if you have a fever or diarrhoea.

Medical care

Medical facilities.

Due to the conflict several hospitals are out of service, especially in the Khartoum area. Medical facilities are basic in Khartoum and inadequate elsewhere.

You may need to pay cash before doctors and hospitals will treat you.

If you become ill or injured, you'll need to be evacuated to a place with better facilities. Medical evacuation can be very expensive.

You're subject to all local laws and penalties, including those that may appear harsh by Australian standards. Research local laws before travelling.

If you're arrested or jailed, the Australian Government will do what it can to help you under our  Consular Services Charter . But we can't get you out of trouble or out of jail.

Penalties for drug offences are severe.

• Carrying and using drugs

Sudan follows Islamic sharia law.

Seek legal advice about family law matters, including divorce, custody and child support.

Be aware of your rights and responsibilities.

Serious crime

Serious crime, such as murder, can attract the death penalty.

Some offences attract physical punishment such as lashes.

In Sudan it's illegal to:

• have same-sex relationships
• have extra-marital relations
• try to convert a Muslim to Christianity

Photography

You need a permit for photography of any kind.

Even with a permit, you can't photograph:

• military areas
• broadcast stations
• public utilities
• Advice for LGBTI travellers

Australian laws

Some Australian criminal laws still apply when you’re overseas. If you break these laws, you may face prosecution in Australia.

• Staying within the law and respecting customs

Dual citizenship

Sudan recognises dual nationality.

Local authorities can decide whether they consider you Sudanese or Australian.

In practice, dual Australian-Sudanese nationals are treated as Sudanese.

This limits the  consular services  we can give if you're arrested or detained.

• Dual nationals

Local customs

There are strong Islamic codes of dress and behaviour in Sudan.

If you're a woman, wear a headscarf and loose clothing to cover the arms and legs.

Take care not to offend. If in doubt, seek local advice.

The Islamic holiday month of Ramadan is observed in Sudan. Respect religious and cultural customs and laws at this time.

During Ramadan, eating, drinking and smoking may be illegal in public during the day. If you're not fasting, avoid these activities around people who are. Seek local advice to avoid offence.

Explore our Ramadan page to learn more, including dates for Ramadan.

Visas and border measures

Every country or territory decides who can enter or leave through its borders. For specific information about the evidence you'll need to enter a foreign destination, check with the nearest embassy, consulate or immigration department of the destination you're entering. 

We continue to advise do not travel to Sudan.  The security situation remains volatile. Overland travel is becoming more dangerous, including to border areas. See ‘ Safety ’.

Visa conditions

If despite our advice you travel to Sudan, you'll need a visa to enter.

Getting a visa can take several months. Visas are not granted automatically.

Visitors on a single-entry visa need to obtain an exit visa to leave the country. However, this is not always enforced. You can get an exit visa at the airport. You should be ready to show proof of your sponsor and pay the exit visa fee. Visa and other entry and exit conditions can change at short notice. This includes currency, customs and quarantine.

Contact the Embassy of Sudan  in Canberra for details.

Yellow fever vaccination

You may need a valid yellow fever vaccination certificate to enter Sudan. Some airlines may want to see one when you leave.

Find out about returning to Australia  after exposure to yellow fever .

• Countries with a risk of yellow fever

Border measures

If your passport has an Israeli visa or Israeli entry/exit stamps you won’t be allowed to enter Sudan. This can happen even if you have a valid Sudanese visa.

Register with the Aliens Registration Office, Ministry of the Interior, within three days of arrival in Sudan if it's safe to do so. Most government ministries are now operating from Port Sudan. Check with local authorities for up-to-date requirements.

Carry photo identification with you at all times.

In 2020, Sudan introduced new laws to allow women to travel with their children outside of the country without consent of the children’s father. 

Airport departure taxes apply.

Some countries won’t let you enter unless your passport is valid for 6 months after you plan to leave that country. It can apply even if you’re just transiting or stopping over.

Some foreign governments and airlines apply the rule inconsistently. Travellers can receive conflicting advice from different sources.

You can end up stranded if your passport is not valid for more than six months.

The Australian Government does not set these rules. Check your passport’s expiry date before you travel. If you’re not sure it’ll be valid for long enough, consider getting  a new passport .

Lost or stolen passport

Your passport is a valuable document. It's attractive to people who may try to use your identity to commit crimes.

Some people may try to trick you into giving them your passport. Always keep it in a safe place.

If your passport is lost or stolen, tell the Australian Government as soon as possible.

• In Australia, contact the  Australian Passport Information Service .
• If you're overseas, contact the nearest  Australian embassy or consulate .

Passport with ‘X’ gender identifier

Although Australian passports comply with international standards for sex and gender, we can’t guarantee that a passport showing 'X' in the sex field will be accepted for entry or transit by another country. Contact the nearest  embassy, high commission or consulate of your destination  before you arrive at the border to confirm if authorities will accept passports with 'X' gender markers. 

LGBTI travellers  

The local currency is the Sudanese Pound (SDG). You can’t convert outside the country and it’s illegal to export it.

Sudan operates on a cash only economy. Credit and debit cards are not accepted, even at large hotels. Make sure you have enough cash with you. Take unmarked US dollars dated from 2006.

ATMs only accept local bank cards. Western Union and other money transfer systems are currently unreliable. 

Change money through banks or official exchange bureaus. It’s illegal to exchange currency outside of official banking channels. You could be fined or go to prison.

Local travel

Road travel.

We continue to advise do not travel to Sudan.  The security situation remains volatile. Overland travel is dangerous, including to border areas. 

You should consider the risks carefully for any departure route, including during ceasefires. Any travel options are taken at your own risk.

You may not be able to cross some land borders.  Sudan's border with Chad and Eritrea are closed. Do not travel to neighbouring Libya, Chad, Central African Republic and  South Sudan. You're responsible for your own safety and that of your family.  You should carefully review our travel advice for any neighbouring country, including Egypt and Ethiopia . 

Prior to the conflict authorities strictly enforced permit regulations for travel outside of Khartoum. Current arrangements are unclear.

If you encounter a roadblock, remain calm and seek an alternative route. Do not attempt to force your way through it.

Road traffic accidents are common. If you use public transport or vehicles for hire such as rickshaws and ‘amjad minivans’, you are at higher risk.

Road conditions are poor and many roads, even major ones, are unsealed or have potholes.

Crowds can gather following accidents and can become violent.

• Driving or riding

Driving permit

You’ll need a valid international driving permit (IDP). Get your IDP before you leave Australia.

Motorcycles

Check with your travel insurer whether your policy covers riding a motorbike.

Always wear a helmet.

Use registered taxis and limousines. Book these through your hotel.

Take care when travelling alone at night.

Public transport

Avoid using public transport as safety and maintenance standards are poor.

Boat travel

Piracy  occurs in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden.

All forms of shipping are attractive to pirates, including:

• commercial vessels
• pleasure craft
• luxury cruise liners

To protect yourself when  travelling by boat :

• check the  International Maritime Bureau  piracy reports
• be alert to threats
• exercise extreme caution

All Sudanese-registered airlines are banned from operating in European airspace.

There have been hijackings in the past.

DFAT doesn’t provide information on the safety of individual commercial airlines or flight paths.

Check  Sudan's air safety profile  with the Aviation Safety Network.

Emergencies

Depending on what you need, you could contact your:

• family and friends
• travel agent
• insurance provider

Always get a police report when you report a crime.

Your insurer should have a 24-hour emergency number.

Consular contacts

Read the  Consular Services Charter  for what the Australian Government can and can't do to help you overseas.

Australia doesn't have an embassy in Sudan.

You can get consular assistance from the Australian Embassy in Cairo . Consular services may be severely limited due to local measures.

Australian Embassy, Cairo

11th floor, North Tower, World Trade Centre 1191 Corniche El Nil Boulac, Cairo, Egypt Phone: +20 2 2770 6600 Fax: +20 2 2770 6650 Email:  [email protected]  Website:  www.egypt.embassy.gov.au Facebook Australian Embassy in Egypt

Twitter:  @AusAmbEGY

See the Embassy website for details about opening hours and any temporary closures.

The British Embassy in Sudan is now closed.

24-hour Consular Emergency Centre

In a consular emergency, if you can't contact an embassy, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on:

• +61 2 6261 3305 from overseas
• 1300 555 135 in Australia

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Visa Services

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Note: If you are a British passport holder of Sudanese origin applying for a visa to Sudan, please ensure that you have your Sudanese ID, which can be either a Sudanese Passport or a Sudanese National number, ready for submission. This service exclusively caters to individuals with British passports and Sudanese heritage. You have the flexibility to apply for your visa online or through the postal service. Visa collection will be expedited and available for pickup on the following working day for your convenience.

Entry Visa for Sudanese holding foreign passports.

Apply for sudanese visa application, apply online by appointment:.

Please select this option if you wish to submit your application in-person.

You will be asked to book an appointment as part of your online application. You must print the submitted application form once you have booked your appointment and bring this with you along with your passport and other supporting documents.

By Post (Apply Online):

Please select this option if you wish to submit your application by post. You must print the submitted application form and send this form with your passport and other supporting documents by post to us.

Please note, your application will NOT be accepted in-person if you wish to send your application by post.

• Sudanese applying with foreign passports can apply directly to the Embassy provided that they furnish a Sudanese ID with their application.
• They have to provide the following with their applications:
• A printed copy of filled visa application form with the sponsor details.
• One passport-size photo
• The fees are £50, paid in cash or postal order.
• Exceptionally, applicants of Sudanese origins, having provided Sudanese IDs with their applications, can apply via post (the fees can only be paid by postal orders addressed to Sudan Embassy).

Entry Visa for non-Sudanese

Apply for non-sudanese visa application, non sudanese applicants:.

Please note that this service is exclusively available to British passport holders of Sudanese origin who hold Sudanese ID (which can be either a Sudanese Passport or a Sudanese National number). Unfortunately, at present, this service is not accessible to individuals who do not meet these specific criteria or are non-Sudanese. Thank you for your understanding.

• Applying for the visa through the Aliens Department at the Ministry of Interior in Khartoum as a first step and obtaining the unique entry permit number. This can be obtained by the applicant’s sponsor in Sudan via ministry of interior website ( https://eservice.passport.gov.sd/aliens/home )
• After having the entry permit issued, please bring the following:
• Copy of the entry permit.
• One passport-size photo.
• Fees are £100 for American passport holders, and £75 for other passports, paid in cash or postal order.
• The fees are £100, paid in cash or postal order
• Those visiting Sudan in official missions sponsored by governmental institutions, foreign diplomatic missions, International or Non-governmental Organizations can apply either through their respective sponsor in Sudan or the Embassy in London pending the approval of visa by Khartoum.
• Personal submission of applications at the Embassy is required for ordinary visas (family and friends visits, tourism, etc). Applications and collection of official visas can be done via post or couriers.

Opening Hours:

For all counsellor services - 10:00 am to 02:00 pm (mon - fri), for the embassy - 10:00 am to 04:00 pm (mon - fri).

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Sudan Visa

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About sudan visa.

Located in Northeast Africa, Sudan is a country known for its places of worship and historical monuments. Jebel Barkal is a popular tourist attraction known for its archaeological sites and temples whereas the National Museum of Sudan will let you get in touch with the history and culture of this diverse country. To say that Turi Island is a treat for sore eyes would be an understatement since once you visit the place, you are sure to forget all your stress of everyday life. The ruins of Suakin Island and Pyramids of Meroe beautifully showcase the ancient past of the country. If you are a religious person who likes visiting different places of worship, Sudan has Al-Nilin Mosque, Melkite Greek Catholic Church and Al-Rikini Mosque to boast of. Tombos is another place worth mentioning in the country owing to its camping sites and magnificent desert. Those visiting Sudan on a family vacation with their kids can head to Al Morgan Family Park, known to please adults and children alike. Citizens of 6 countries do not require a visa to enter Sudan whereas others can get their visas from their nearest embassy of Sudan or apply for a visa on arrival, provided their country is amongst the ones eligible to do so.

Sudan Visa Types

Types of sudan visa.

Tourist Visa

Tourist visa is an authorization given by the government of Sudan which allows its holder to enter the country for personal purposes. This includes a wide array of things under it such as discovering the country, sightseeing, meeting friends etc. It is the most popular visa available and therefore is quite hassle-free.

Business Visa

If you are someone whose sole purpose for visiting the country is work-related, a business visa is for you. The institute or organization you will be visiting has to issue a letter to the authorities stating the reason and duration of your stay.

Documents required for Sudan visa

Sudan visa document requirements..

• The applicants must submit two visa application forms duly filled and attach a passport size recent photograph on each of them
• The passport of the application should be valid for at least six months from the date of application.
• The sponsor you intend to visit in Sudan should obtain approval from the Ministry of Interior and then send it to the Ministry of External Affairs of Sudan, who in turn will fax the same direction to the Embassy.
• A confirmed return ticket to and from Sudan.
• The Embassy of Sudan issues only single entry visas to applicants.

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Issued to persons going to the Sudan for the purpose of tourism or business.

Extensions of periods of stay in the Sudan may be done through the Passport, Immigration and Nationality Office in Khartoum, Sudan.

For Visit / Tourist Visa

1. Filled-out and signed Application Form. Each applicant should fill out a separate form (click here to download) even for children of all ages. 2.  One (1) passport sized photo attached to the form. 3.  A Sudanese National Sponsor (with full details e.g. Full Name, Current Address, Phone Number). Photocopy of the Sudanese passport or Sudanese Nationality ID should be submitted with the application. If no sponsor, we will accept: a.  A confirmation letter from a Hotel in Sudan containing the hotel reservation details (OR). b.  A letter from a Travel Agency in Sudan containing the details of the trip. c.  Original Kenyan or foreign passport (must be valid for at least 6 months). d. Applicants holding National passport of a country other than Kenya, must include a photocopy of the Visa. e.  Applicants holding Kenyan Travel Document must provide the Embassy with a copy of an Entry Permit issued by the Ministry of Interior Passport & Immigration in Khartoum, Sudan and a copy of the Kenyan ID Card as proof of legal presence in Kenya. 4.  Fee is $100 payable to Embassy of Sudan (each applicant even children).

The normal processing time for Visa Application may take 5-7 business days.

Visa for Sudanese Holding Foreign Passport

Sudanese who are holding travel documents to re-enter the Kenya should also apply for an entry visa. Please note that copies of a Sudanese passport and U.S. Permanent Residence Card must accompany the visa application.

• Filled-out and signed Application Form Each applicant should fill out a separate form, even for children of all ages.
• One (1) passport sized photo is attached to the form.
• Original Kenyan passport (must be valid for at least 6 months).
• Proof of Sudanese Nationality (copy of Sudanese passport, copy of nationality certificate, copy of nationality ID card, or copies of the father/sibling Sudanese passport or ID).
• For applicants under 18 years old, we need a photocopy of the father’s Sudanese passport or Sudanese ID along with a letter written in Arabic giving his permission for the child/children to obtain a visa.
• If the father is not traveling with the child/children, a  No Objection Letter   should accompany the visa application also a photocopy of the father’s Sudanese passport or ID (Please see No Objection Letter section).
• The fee  is  $100  payable to the Embassy of Sudan (each applicant even children).

For Tourist/ Family Visits (this visa is for Non-Sudanese)

 [South Sudanese, Eritrean, Ethiopian and other nationals]

1. Filled-out and signed Visa Application Form. Each applicant should fill out a separate form, even for children of all ages. 2. One (1) passport sized photo attached to the form. 3. A Sudanese National Sponsor (Full Name and Current Address) with a Copy of the Electronic Sudanese Passport or Sudanese Nationality ID submitted with the application or a confirmation letter from a Hotel or Travel Agency based in Sudan with details of the trip. 4. Original Kenyan or foreign passport (must be valid for at least 6 months). 5. Applicants holding National passport of a country other than U.S., kindly include a copy of your Kenyan Visa. 6. Applicants holding Kenyan Travel Document, you have to provide the Embassy with a copy of an Entry Permit issued by the Ministry of Interior Passport & Immigration in Khartoum, Sudan and a copy or your U.S. Green Card as proof of legal presence in the U.S. 7. Yellow fever and cholera vaccinations are not required but recommended. 8. Fee is $100 payable to Embassy of Sudan (each applicant even children).

The normal processing time for Visa Application may take 7-10 business days.

For Business Visa

1. Filled-out and signed Visa Application Form. Each applicant should fill out a separate form, even for children of all ages. 2. One (1) passport sized photo attached to the form. 3. A letter from the sponsoring company stating the purpose of the trip, duration of stay, financial responsibility and references in Sudan. 4. Original Kenyan. or foreign passport (must be valid for at least 6 months). 5. Applicants holding National passport of a country other than Kenya must include a copy of the Visa. 6. Yellow fever and cholera vaccinations are not required but recommended. 7. Fee is $100 payable to Embassy of Sudan (each applicant even children).

The normal processing time for Visa Application may take four (4) to six (6) weeks.

For Diplomatic Officials

Please submit the following:

Diplomatic note from the Department of State – Office of the Special Envoy (All details of the trip must be included) 1. Filled-out Visa Application Form. 2. One (1) passport sized photos attached to the form 3. Photocopy of the passport 4. No fee required if holding a Diplomatic or Official passport 5. Applicants submitting their applications through our walk-in hours ( Mon-Fri Hours: 09:00am – 4:00pm)

For Humanitarian

1. Filled-out Visa Application Form. 2. Passport (must be valid for at least six (6) months and Should Not have Israeli Visas of Immigration stamps affixed to it). 3. A Copy of the Humanitarian Aid Commission Certificate (HAC). This can be obtained from the Humanitarian Organization. 4. Employment Verification Letter from the Organization’s Office in the Kenya. 5. Yellow fever and cholera vaccinations are recommended. 6. One (1) passport sized photo. 7. Fee is $154.00. Normal processing time is 7-10 business days.