journey beyond employment

Careers at Journey Beyond

We create amazing experiences.

At Journey Beyond, we bring Australia’s most unique experiences to life. We aim to take our guests beyond, ignite the imagination and deliver above all expectations, each and every time. We share a passion for the places in which we operate, and the fun we have along the way.

As a Journey Beyond team member, you will play an important role in sharing special places and shaping lasting memories, both for our guests and for your fellow team members. Whether you’re looking to grow your hospitality career onboard our iconic rail journeys, share your passion for the outdoors as a tour guide, or deliver unforgettable culinary experiences as a chef, this is an opportunity to start an exciting new chapter of your career.

Your journey begins here.

Love Where You Work

Cruise whitsundays, journey beyond rail, corporate office, rottnest express, outback spirit, melbourne skydeck, darwin harbour cruises, cruise sydney, horizontal falls, search all jobs, search all jobs, our benefits.

We want to ensure our team members have the benefits and support they need to do their best , as well as the opportunity to experience the unique products we offer .

• Travel and experience discounts • Internal mobility opportunities • Study assistance • Employee referral program • Gym, health care and product discounts • Training and development opportunities • Employee assistance program • Service recognition and awards • Rewards program

Life at Journey Beyond

Fei’s Story

Before moving to Australia, I was working in China as a video director on documentaries and reality shows. I wanted to experience something different, and chose to come to Australia I started my journey in Queensland doing farm work, then moved into hospitality roles in the Whitsundays and later worked for a winery in South [...]

Alex’s Story

As a kid I used to watch the show “Getaway” and remember thinking wow, wouldn’t it be cool if I could travel the world and get paid for it? Lo and behold, that became a possibility. Prior to working in tourism, I was in the Royal Australian Air Force. I spent my days in a [...]

Nitin’s Story

I migrated from India to Australia, and when I was a kid I had a rail track next to my house. Me and my brother always went around to the track to see the trains, we had a real passion for them.   I came to Adelaide in 2006 for studies in ICT and business management. [...]

Day in the life of a Hospitality Attendant

Current Vacancies at Journey Beyond

We are on the lookout for talented and experienced individuals, who are passionate about travel, to join our dynamic team at journey beyond., journey beyond values itself on our world-class service in hospitality., junior african travel designer, job criteria - read more.

• 3-5 years previous experience in the tourism industry
• Proficient in the English language, additional languages beneficial
• Computer literate and proficient on Microsoft Office and Outlook
• Previous experience on Tourplan
• Previous experience on WETU beneficial
• Product/Destination knowledge of South Africa, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Namibia and/or East Africa
• Ability to multitask and assist with additional projects when needed by Team Leader, GM or MD
• Prepared to work extra hours, weekends, and public holidays when necessary
• Excellent written and verbal communication skills
• Passionate about service delivery
• Organized and good time management skills
• Solution-driven and detail orientated
• Self-motivated and constantly looking for opportunities for growth

Job Description - read more

• Know who your client is/study profile in Tourplan or ask a senior Team Member (who knows the client/agent)
• Understand the time zone in which the client/agent is based
• Quote clients as per their initial request
• Offer alternative quotations in order to be competitive or if you feel the client’s initial request is not suitable or practical
• Quotes must be presented in a manner that is informative and easily understood by the client. Explanations of any changes/improvements to the itinerary must be given
• All quotes must be checked and signed off by your (a Senior Team member) team prior to being sent out
• Acknowledgement of receipt of your client’s initial request must be made on the day of receipt unless received after hours.
• Provide the client with a quotation on the same working day (unless otherwise authorized by the team leader or general manager) If unable to provide a final quotation on the same business day you need to communicate with your client/agent on the same day explaining why there is a delay/where you are at
• Follow up with agents/clients on quotations sent of a weekly basis so they can be confirmed, or the file closed.

Reservations

• Follow all the necessary procedures that are required in making a reservation i.e. correspond with suppliers timeously re provisional bookings, waitlists, reconfirmations, rooming lists and cancellations. Always consider deposit, full payment and cancellation deadlines
• Correspond with the client in a factual, informative and easily understood manner especially in the case of group bookings where there are payment deadlines and penalties
• Double check your reservations immediately upon receipt from suppliers for accuracy to make sure they have been made correctly and update booking statuses in the reservations system
• Check visa requirements
• Check arrival and departure connections
• Reconfirm airline bookings
• A copy of all correspondence (received or sent out) must be recorded
• Ensure that all supplier invoices are received timeously from suppliers and are checked and actioned according to procedure
• Once a booking has been confirmed, an invoice must be issued reflecting the deposit amounts, date due and date of final payment being due
• It is not acceptable for invoicing to be left to the last moment

Assisting the Accounts Department

•   By checking that deposits have been received and paid by the due date
• By checking supplier invoices are correct
• By checking that final payments have been received and paid by the due date
• Assisting with supplier and client accounts queries

Documentation

• Ordering airline tickets timeously – a copy of the e-tickets must be kept on file
• Ensuring documentation is sent out to suppliers/clients.
• Allowing enough time to ensure the documents arrive 6 weeks prior to the client’s first date of travel – this may be prior to the date your client commences his/her travel with Journey Beyond
• Assuming responsibility for all your own filing
• Clearing out your quoted files on a monthly basis
• Clearing out your emails from the Journey Box and making sure they are filed accordingly

Communication  

• Clients must be communicated to in a clear, precise manner in order to avoid possible misunderstandings and misinterpretation
• To communicate information received from suppliers and agents to the relevant parties within Journey Beyond in order to ensure we are aware of specific events that may affect the smooth running of the business
• Maintain your quote and reservations files in a manner that is acceptable to the Company
• Any quote/booking problem must be brought to Managements attention as soon as it is discovered. This will give Management time to assist with sorting out the problem well in advance of the client’s date of travel
• Should there be a computer, telephone, printer and other equipment problems ensure you follow the correct procedures for logging these problems
• Reports to the Reservations Team Leader

Intermediate African Travel Designer

• 5-7 years previous experience in the tourism industry
• Excellent knowledge of Tourplan
• Good Product/Destination knowledge of South Africa, Botswana, Zambia,
• Zimbabwe, Namibia and/or East Africa
• Ability to multitask and assist with additional projects when needed by Team
• Leader, GM or MD
• Prepared to work extra hours, weekends, and public holidays where necessary
• Good leadership skills
• Solution driven and detail orientated
• Know who your client is/study profile in Tourplan or ask a Senior Team Member (who knows the client/agent)
• All quotes must be checked and signed off by a Senior Team Member prior to being sent out
• Provide the client with a 12 – 24 hour turnaround depending on the complexity of the quotation
• All quotes and booking requests must be acknowledge on the day of receipt of your client’s initial request, If unable to provide a final quotation on the same business day you need to communicate with your client/agent on the same day explaining why there is a delay
• Follow up with agents/clients on quotations sent of a weekly basis so they can be confirmed, or the file can be closed
• Follow all the necessary procedures that are required in making a reservation i.e. correspond with suppliers timeously re provisional bookings, waitlists, reconfirmations, rooming lists and cancellations. Always take into account deposit, full payment and cancellation deadlines
• Adhere to airline ticketing deadlines
• Ensure that all supplier invoices are received timeously and forwarded to the accounts department upon receipt of same
• Check suppliers invoices very carefully to ensure all the information pertaining to the booking is correct
• Once a booking has been confirmed a final invoice reflecting the deposit amounts, date due and date of final payment being due must be issued. It is not acceptable for invoicing to be left to the last moment
• By checking that deposits have been received and paid by the due date
• Ordering airline tickets timeously – a copy of the e-tickets must be kept on file Ensuring documentation is sent out to suppliers/clients. Allowing enough time to ensure the documents arrive prior to the client’s first date of travel – this may be prior to the date your client commences his/her travel with Journey Beyond
• Clearing out your quote files on a monthly basis
• Clearing out your emails from the Journey Box and making sure it is filed accordingly

Communication

• Clients must be communicated to in a clear, precise manner in order to avoid possible misunderstandings and misinterpretation To communicate information received from suppliers and agents to the relevant parties within Journey Beyond in order to ensure we are aware of specific events that may affect the smooth running of the business
• Maintain your quote and reservations files in the manner laid out by the company
• Any quote/booking problem must be brought to Managements attention as soon as it is discovered. This will give Management time to assist with sorting out the problem well in advance of the client’s date of travel-failure to do so will result in the problem becoming an offense
• Generally assist your colleagues e.g. checking of quotes and taking over bookings during periods of leave or sickness
• Should there be computer, telephone, printer and other equipment problems ensure you follow the correct procedures for logging these problems

Senior African Travel Designer

• 7-10 years previous experience in the tourism industry
• Excellent knowledge of luxury properties and tours in Southern and East Africa
• Excellent knowledge of Tourplan and WETU
• Excellent Product/Destination knowledge of South Africa, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Namibia, and East Africa
• Excellent leadership and delegation skills
• Know who your client is/study profile in Tourplan or ask a senior Team Leader (who knows the client/agent)
• Offer alternative quotations to be competitive or if you feel the client’s initial request is not suitable or practical
• Quotes must be presented in a manner that is informative and easily understood by the client. Explanations of any changes or improvements to the itinerary must be given
• All quotes must be checked and signed off by a senior colleague or team leader prior to being sent out
• Provide the client with a 12-24 hour turnaround depending on the complexity of the quotation
• All quotes and booking requests must be acknowledged on the day of receipt of your client’s initial request If unable to provide a final quotation on the same business day you need to communicate with your client/agent on the same day explaining why there is a delay/where you are at.
• If, for any reason, you cannot go back to a client/agent on a given day giving them a complete answer, itinerary and quote then you need to advise the client and/or agent why and prioritize getting this complete response out the next day
• Follow all the necessary procedures that are required in making a reservation, correspond with suppliers timeously regarding provisional bookings, waitlists, reconfirmations, rooming lists, and cancellations
• Always consider deposit, full payment, and cancellation deadlines
• Correspond with the client in a factual, informative, and easily understood manner, especially in the case of group bookings where there are payment deadlines and penalties
• Adhere to airline e-ticketing deadlines
• A copy of all correspondence (received or sent out) must be put on file
• Check supplier invoices very carefully to ensure all the information pertaining to the booking is correct
• Once a booking has been confirmed an invoice must be issued reflecting the deposit amounts, date due and date of final payment being due.
• Clients must be communicated to in a clear, precise manner to avoid possible misunderstandings and misinterpretation
• To communicate information received from suppliers and agents to the relevant parties within Journey Beyond to ensure we are aware of specific events that may affect the smooth running of the business and can learn of new products and solutions
• Clearing out your quote files monthly
• Clearing out your emails from the Journey Box and making sure it is filed accordingly  
• Ensuring documentation is sent out to suppliers and clients. Allowing enough time to ensure the documents arrive prior to the client’s first date of travel. This may be prior to the date your client commences his or her travel with Journey Beyond. Documents should go out 6 weeks in advance – when files are meant to ALL have been handed to the Quality Controller (See new paperless procedure attached)
• By checking that deposits have been received and paid by the due date and ensuring team members do
• Assisting the junior and intermediate reservations consultants with itinerary planning, product selection and costing of itineraries
• Any quote or booking problem must be brought to Management’s attention as soon as it is discovered. This will give Management time to assist with sorting out the problem well in advance of the client’s date of travel
• Generally, assist your colleagues in checking of quotes and taking over bookings during periods of leave, educational trips, or sickness

Sales and Marketing Assistant

• 5+ years previous experience in the tourism and/or Sales and Marketing industry
• Product/Destination knowledge of South Africa, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Namibia and/or East Africa beneficial
• Passionate about the Tourism Industry
• Excellent Leadership skills
• Creative and able to stay up to date with relevant trends in the Tourism Industry and social media
• Excellent knowledge of Social Media platforms such as Linkedin, Instagram and Facebook

Sales and Marketing of Journey Beyond & Private Ocean Islands

• Participate and contribute to meetings, developing of strategies and ensuring they are implemente
• Develop innovative new ideas and processes and ensure they are implemented
• To manage all sales activities/responsibilities relating to identified and assigned Agents. Working in conjunction with the MD & GM to assess present business and future opportunities and assist in implementing a documented strategy
• Specials development and facilitating required distribution
• Allocating Rates for Agents with input from the Sales and Marketing Team and the Managing Director

Local and International Trade Shows, Sales Trips, Workshops and Road Shows throughout the year

These include but are not limited to WTM Africa, ILTM Africa, We Are Africa, Indaba, Traveller Made, Pure, ILTM Cannes

• Online registration and application for stand space
• Keep records of deadlines and ensure they are met
• Appointment Diaries and Schedules and have them bound and ready for the show
• Assist with all travel arrangements where necessary, this can include flights and visa applications
• Setting up of appointments
• Preparation of PowerPoint presentations and all other collateral
• Follow up on tradeshows/sales trips with each agent for feedback and provide information based on their relevant market

Agents – System Maintenance Tourplan

• Set up of and maintenance of the Tourplan Sales Module
• Source all information needed and enter and maintain all details, contact names, telephone number, faxes, emails, websites, cell phone numbers, postal and physical addresses, communication history, rate profiles, commission profiles, etc. Without this information, no reporting, reservations or communication with our client base would be possible from Tourplan
• Ongoing maintenance of records
• Ongoing maintenance of agent rate profiles, relevant notes to profiles
• Reports Maintenance – testing and updating
• Pulling statistics internally or for agents or suppliers on request
• Pulling Nightly rate sheets out of the system and formatting them accordingly
• Statistics for agents who require them on a regular basis
• Recording of important communication and attaching to agent profiles
• Taking responsibility for specific travel market development as agreed upon
• Updating and maintaining databases
• Providing all agents with any information, rates or images they may require

Representation

• Overseeing and coordinating all efforts of our International Representation
• Overseeing communication with travel partners

Newsletters, Websites & Social Media

• Distribution of Press Releases, newsflashes and urgent information
• Providing copy and material for Journey Beyond and Private Ocean Islands website, including Newsletters, Career availability updates and liaising with our Website designers on any changes that need to be made
• Updating electronic marketing documents for Journey Beyond and Private Ocean Islands
• General Social Media updates
• Compiling of rate sheets for JB and POI
• Distribute rates to the client base of JB and POI
• Distribute general information JB and POI
• Ongoing distribution of rates throughout the year, updating client information and database as these changes
• Compilation of individual and tailor-made nett nightly rate sheets for specific agents and distribution thereof

Educationals/Site Inspections/Prize-winners (in conjunction with reservations) for agents

• Compiling itineraries for agents/operators in conjunction with reservations
• Requesting space at discounted rates
• Requesting activities, transfers and other related services at discounted rates
• Ongoing communication with suppliers
• Ongoing communication with agent/operator
• Final programs get sent out to agent/operator
• Lead educational trips where required
• Request feedback on agents’ return to the office
• Distribute feedback to all suppliers involved

Strategizing and increase sales in your respective Market

• Participate and contribute meaningfully to meetings, developing of strategies and implementation thereof
• To assist in the preparations of sales strategies and budget for Markets
• In conjunction with the relevant parties, assess present business (and future opportunities) and implement the documented strategy
• To manage all sales activities/ responsibilities relating to identified and assigned trade partners
• Administrate sales reports where required and feedback and manage feedback to the reservation team

Administration in the Office – General Admin Duties

•  This will include the setting up, maintenance and filing of all relevant correspondence for the sales department
• General assistance with formatting and documentation for all in office
• Compilation of and maintenance of all official electronic “stationery” for JB/POI

Educationals / Site Inspections / Prize Compilations for team

• Setting up of educational programs for Journey Beyond and Private Ocean Islands
• Setting up site inspections for the team in conjunction with Reservations
• Setting up product/supplier meetings for Reservations
• Receiving incentive overrides from suppliers and overseeing that targets are met

JB and POI Internal and External Branding

• Update relevant documents
• Maintaining brand ownership
• Assist JB/POI with reservations queries, rates, bookings etc when needed
• Host / entertain international agents, journalists, members of the press as well as clients where required
• Assist with Sales and Marketing Team’s e-mails and responsibilities when members are out of the office

Reservations Assistant

• 1-5 years previous experience in the tourism industry
• Previous experience on Tourplan and/or WETU beneficial
• Prepared to work extra hours, weekends, and public holidays (as and if need be)
• Assist Reservations consultants with checking for availability on bookings
• To ensure that all consultants hand in confirmed files to Quality Controller
• Prelim checks – Invoices and confirmation to be checked before being sent out (buddy system)
• Comparing and checking if all the client’s details/ dietary /medical received from the agent correspond with Tourplan
• Checking if the flights received from the agent correct in Tourplan
• Checking invoices from the suppliers with Tourplan if the names, dates, room type/ services, amounts are correct and match Tourplan
• Checking that re-confirmation was sent from Tourplan with all client’s details
• Checking that final confirmed itinerary correspond with what is loaded in Tourplan (especially dates)
• Invoice to the agent corresponds to the Tourplan and email printed showing that invoice was sent
• Checking that costing is the same as Confirmation and Invoice/s
• If any of the above is outstanding, to the check with the consultant if it either needs to be requested from the supplier, or amended
• Checking pick-up and drop-off details and making sure it is flowing as per the itinerary
• Handing finalised file to Quality Control (See new paperless procedure attached)
• Checking availability for the consultants if time permits and files are all finished, priority files and getting them to Quality Control in a fast and accurate manner
• Assisting consultants with general admin or ad-hoc duties
• Checking that account summary that it balances to zero
• Follow-up with suppliers on guests travelling

Product Co-ordinator

• 5+ years of previous experience in the tourism industry
• Previous experience on Tourplan NX
• Excellent number accuracy and the ability to work with minimal errors.
• Ability to multitask and assist with additional projects when needed by GM or MD
• Excellent number accuracy and the ability to work with minimal errors
• Ability to understand information and terminology relevant to the supplier contracts
• Ability to interpret supplier rates

Loading rates:

• Assisting with negotiating and obtaining rates from suppliers
• Checking that the rates received by Journey Beyond are the most competitive.
• Query commission levels if necessary
• Checking to see how rate changes may affect brochure programs – both Journey Beyond and other operators
• Loading and updating rates
• Updating cancellation terms, child policy and payment terms

System Maintenance

• Updating supplier information such as contacts details, bank details and check all notes categories
• Ensure that the database is clean and old information is removed
• Ensure that the information loaded in Tourplan is understandable for the consultants and all the users of Tourplan
• Research new product
• Request new rates for these products.
• Assist Reservations with queries.
• Update and maintain the online filing of the rates.
• Update and main the Product folder on the server.
• Check and pull reports for suppliers that have been closed for renovations or similar circumstances.
• Alert the consultant to which bookings have been affected by these circumstances.

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Journey Beyond Jobs in All Adelaide SA

Perform a job search, related searches, receive new jobs for this search by email, marketing coordinator | journey beyond.

This is a Full time job

• Australia's Largest Experiential Tourism Business
• Career growth opportunity
• Based in our modern Head Office on North Terrace in Adelaide’s CBD

IT Systems Administrator | Journey Beyond

This is a Contract/Temp job

• Australia’s Largest Experiential Tourism Business
• Be part of a growing and industry-leading organisation
• Based in our modern Head Office in Adelaide’s CBD

Business Development Manager – ITO and Americas | Journey Beyond

• Based in our modern Head Office on North Terrace in Adelaide's CBD
• Do you have a passion and good understanding of the travel industry?

Group Manager, National Sales | Journey Beyond

• Be part of a growing and industry-leading organisation with a positive culture
• Integral role in supporting our business; leading a strong & dynamic team

Hospitality Attendant

This is a Part time job

• Accommodation and meals provided
• 7 days on / 7 days off roster
• Attractive hourly rate

Warehouse Operator

• Full time position
• Central location
• Enjoy the benefits of working for Journey Beyond

Service Operator Team Leader | Rail

• Full time, permanent role
• Work as part of a dynamic team

Tour Drivers & Tour Guides | Outback SA & Lake Eyre | Outback Spirit Tours

This is a Casual/Vacation job

• An attractive casual daily rate
• The amazing opportunity to work in a dynamic, growing tourism business
• Generous discounts on Journey Beyond travel and experiences

• Week on - Week off roster

Field Sales Representative

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• US Embassy and Consulate Discussion

Letter of Employment for Moscow Interview

By myjourney229 August 21, 2019 in US Embassy and Consulate Discussion

• moscow embassy
• moscow interview
• letter of employment
• Register to Reply or Ask a Question
• Go to first unread post

2 posts in this topic

Recommended posts, myjourney229   30.

My cause is en route to the Moscow Embassy as of yesterday’s shipment and I just had a question about the letter of employment. My uncle is going to be my cosponsor who makes well above the poverty level, but he lives in a different state. My mom recently visited him and gathered his tax transcripts, w2 from last year, a scan of his passport, etc, but didn’t get a letter of employment or bank statements. He currently works and has money every year from

being ex-military and I have proof of that in the form of w-2. Do you think this will be an issue for the Moscow Embassy? Have any of you gone without letters of employment?

• 04.12.2019: Sent in I-129F Packet via UPS
• 04.17.2019: I-129F Packed Arrived in Lewisville, TX - signed for by "Edwards"
• 04.22.2019: NOA1 Text Received 
• 04.23.2019: Check Cashed
• 04.26.2019: NOA1 Hardcopy Arrived in the Mail 
• 07.17.2019: NOA2 Received via Old Website 
• 07.22.2019: NOA2 Hardcopy Arrived in the Mail 
• 08.09.2019: Called NVC & Given Case Number + Invoice Number 
• 08.20.2019 NVC Shipped to Moscow Embassy
• 08.21.2019 Case Status Switched to "Ready"
• 08.30.2019 Interview Date Scheduled 
• 09.12.2019 Interviewed and Approved! 

Link to comment

Share on other sites, geowrian   22,335.

CO’s call if they want to see more, but I would highly suggest going on with the best case you can. Can he scan the pay stubs at least? Basically, right now you have no evidence of current income...only past income.

Bank statements are only needed if using those assets. If I come is sufficient, then you can skip assets.

• myjourney229

7/27/20: Sent forms to Dallas lockbox, 7/30/20: Received by USCIS, 8/10 NOA1 electronic notification received, 8/1/ NOA1 hard copy received

AOS (I-485 + I-131 + I-765):

9/25/17: sent forms to Chicago, 9/27/17: received by USCIS, 10/4/17: NOA1 electronic notification received, 10/10/17: NOA1 hard copy received. Social Security card being issued in married name (3rd attempt!)

10/14/17: Biometrics appointment notice received, 10/25/17: Biometrics

1/2/18: EAD + AP approved (no website update), 1/5/18: EAD + AP mailed, 1/8/18: EAD + AP approval notice hardcopies received, 1/10/18: EAD + AP received

9/5/18: Interview scheduled notice, 10/17/18: Interview

10/24/18: Green card produced notice, 10/25/18: Formal approval, 10/31/18: Green card received

12/1/16: sent, 12/14/16: NOA1 hard copy received, 3/10/17: RFE (IMB verification), 3/22/17: RFE response received

3/24/17: Approved! , 3/30/17: NOA2 hard copy received

4/6/2017: Received, 4/12/2017: Sent to Riyadh embassy, 4/16/2017: Case received at Riyadh embassy, 4/21/2017: Request case transfer to Manila, approved 4/24/2017

5/1/2017: Case received by Manila (1 week embassy transfer??? Lucky~)

7/13/2017: Interview: APPROVED!!!

7/19/2017: Visa in hand

8/15/2017: POE

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A 20 journey metro ticket - Moscow Forum

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A 20 journey metro ticket

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We are four.Can we buy just a 20 journey metro card and use all of us ? Or each one of us has to buy one card?otherwise i think taxi would be better for 4 of us.”

> We are four.Can we buy just a 20 journey metro card and use all of us ?

If thinking about taxi, besides cost, need to consider efficiency...if not during rush hour, may be OK for getting around...they are quite cheap. I THINK you can also use a "Troika" card...good for all transit, and you just load it up with amount you want. Gets Metro per ride down to 36 rubles, and any transfers on surface down I seem to recall to 16-18...UNLESS this one has a time limit, you would just hand it back to next person.

Every time you use your 20 journey card there is a digital display at the gate that tells you how many journeys you have left. You can share the ticket.

Same display if you get the Troika card and load it with rubles...except of course rather than trips, it show value left...

Taxi from where to where? And when?

The metro has no traffic jams, that's its main advantage, not so much the cost

This topic has been closed to new posts due to inactivity.

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ERPN: Value Creation (Sub-Topic)

• Journal of Economic Studies /
• Volume 38 Issue 2
• Subject Areas /
• Economics, Econometrics and Finance /
• Economics, Econometrics and Finance...

Purpose – This paper aims to evaluate critically the validity of rival theorisations of the hidden economy that variously read this sphere as a leftover from a previous era, a by‐product of a new emergent form of capitalism, a complement to formal employment or an alternative to the formal economy. Until now, the common tendency among economic theorists has been to either universally privilege one theorisation over others, or to represent each theory as valid in different places. Design/methodology/approach – To evaluate their validity to the city of Moscow, a survey is reported involving 313 face‐to‐face interviews with inhabitants conducted during 2005/2006. Findings – The finding is that, although each theory is a valid representation of particular types of hidden work in Moscow, no one theory fully captures the diverse nature of the hidden economy in this city, and that only by combining all of them can a finer‐grained understanding of the multifarious character of the hidden economy in this city be achieved. How these theories can be synthesised in order to develop this fuller and more nuanced understanding of the hidden economy is then outlined. Research limitations/implications – This study reveals that all these theories are needed to more fully understand the hidden economy of Moscow. Whether this is similarly the case elsewhere now needs to be investigated. Practical implications – The recognition of multifarious types of hidden work, each with different economic implications, reveals that different policy approaches are perhaps required towards various forms of hidden work. Originality/value – The paper re‐theorises the hidden economy as a sphere composed of heterogeneous types of work.

Journal of Economic Studies – Emerald Publishing

Published: May 17, 2011

Keywords: Economics; Taxes; Russia; Economic sectors; Economic theory

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