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The 15 Safest Countries to Travel to in 2024

Caroline Morse Teel

Caroline Morse Teel is the Managing Editor for SmarterTravel Media. Follow her on Instagram @TravelWithCaroline .

Caroline joined Boston-based SmarterTravel in 2011 after living in Ireland, London, and Manhattan. She's traveled to all seven continents, jumped out of planes, and bungeed off bridges in the pursuit of a good story. She loves exploring off-the-beaten path destinations, anything outdoorsy, and all things adventure.

Her stories have also appeared online at USA Today, Business Insider, Huffington Post, Yahoo, Boston.com, TripAdvisor, Buzzfeed, Jetsetter, Oyster, Airfarewatchdog, and others.

The Handy Item I Always Pack : "Earplugs. A good pair has saved my sleep and sanity many times!"

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Travel Motto : "Don't be boring."

Aisle, Window, or Middle Seat : "Aisle (when the first class private suite isn't available)."

E-mail her at [email protected] .

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No one wants to go on vacation only to be too afraid to leave their hotel. So, if you’re looking for the safest countries to travel to in 2024, plan your next trip around this list. 

Berkshire Hathaway Travel Protection, a travel insurance provider, just released its annual list of the safest countries in the world . The rankings are created using an extensive methodology that includes surveying recent travelers, analyzing data from the Global Peace Index and the US State Department, and evaluating the GeoSure Global scores of the major cities in each country. These data points are used to calculate a weighted score reflecting each country’s safety. 

Berkshire Hathaway issues an important caveat alongside its safest countries list: “These ratings aren’t predictive—that is, just because we say Canada is safe that doesn’t mean it will rank in the Top 10 in the future. Also, it doesn’t account for the possibility of natural disasters, like the Canadian wildfires.” Inclusion on the list also doesn’t mean that “every part of the company is as safe as any other,” says the company. 

This is the ninth year that Berkshire Hathaway has released this study. Over the years, the company says the definition of a safe place to travel has changed over time. “A safe place was originally a place that’s largely free from terrorist activity. Then it became a place that was safe from disease outbreaks. Now it’s a place where all types of people can move about freely without discrimination or harassment.”

Canada rose from sixth place in 2023 to claim the title of the safest country to travel to in 2024. Canada was ranked highly for safety due to its low rates of violent crime. However, travelers are advised to watch out for wildfires, which have been a major issue in the country in recent years, causing diminished air quality and the potential for health problems. 

• Switzerland
• Netherlands
• United Kingdom
• New Zealand

Safety looks different for every traveler. The study also broke down the safest countries by a number of specific categories.

Safest Countries to Travel to (Safest From Violent Crime)

Safest countries to travel to (safety from terrorism).

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Safest countries to travel to (health measures), safest countries to travel to (women’s/lgbtq/people of color safety), you might also like:.

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The world's safest countries to travel to: top 13 destinations

Travelling should be enjoyable, relaxing and fun, not scary. That's why I'm going to tell you about some of the safest countries to travel to around the world.

Lauren Worldpackers Community

May 06, 2023

Travelling and exploring the world is one of the best feelings ever but hey, it can be intimidating! If you're a solo traveller (especially travelling alone as a woman ) or someone more vulnerable, you may have a few doubts about going on a trip which is understandable. 

However, travelling should be enjoyable for everyone and should be relaxing and fun, not scary. That's why I'm going to tell you about some of the safest countries to travel for a worry-free trip.

This doesn't mean these are the only places you can travel safely , but they may be a good place to start to find your feet and then you can venture out a bit more. 

So let's get into it. Here are 13 of the top safest countries to vist.

Safest countries to travel in the world

• Switzerland
• New Zealand 
• Rural UK 

Ranked as the world's  safest countries to travel to , Iceland is a top tier destination for a stress-free trip. 

With it's gorgeous mountainous hills, interesting  Nordic culture and friendly people, it truly is a travellers paradise and should definitely be on your bucket list. 

One of the best things to do in Iceland includes trying to see the Northern Lights. Due to the countries' low light pollution, the night sky comes alive with stars and the lights take centre stage with their mesmerising dance of green and blue colours, magical!

 Another must-do is going to a hot spring to take a dip in naturally heated water, whilst being surrounded by ice! 

Make sure to check out Worldpackers work exchange and volunteer programs in Iceland  like this position to volunteer in a beautiful Guest House with all meals included. 

2. Switzerland

Home to a great quality of living, cleanliness and great chocolate, Switzerland is a great choice for those looking to find a peaceful trip away. 

It's ranked as one of the safest countries to visit in Europe , especially for female solo travellers. If you're a fan of snow sports or hiking, you must make sure to visit the Swiss Alps - they're so beautiful you'll be speechless! 

Make sure to check out Worldpackers work exchange and volunteer programs in Switzerland  like this one to be a volunteer in an amazing mountain hostel  helping out with reception and housekeeping.

The Danes are said to be the happiest people on Earth, and with the great country they live in, it's easy to see why. The capital city of Denmark, Copenhagen, is probably one of the best places to visit as a solo traveller . 

Of course it has its more risky places like Norrebo, but as long as you stay vigilant, you're guaranteed to have a great time. 

One of the best things about Denmark is how cycle-friendly it is, meaning you can explore the country at your own pace and feel safe whilst doing so. 

Denmark is famously known for it's love of 'Hygge' (pronounced hoo-gah) which essentially sums up that cosy feeling you get when you sit by the fire with a warm drink, surrounded by good company. Wonderful. 

Make sure to check out Worldpackers work exchange and volunteer programs in Denmark  like this awesome Camping accepting volunteers to prepare and serve food in exchange of accommodation, meals and many other amenities!

Before travelling to Denmark, you should read Copenhagen on a budget: a backpacker's travel guide .

4. New Zealand 

New Zealand has to be one of the most beautiful places on earth with the most luscious greenery, inviting coastal beaches and the kindest people. It's known as one of the most peaceful countries in the world, and also one of the least corrupt. 

Unlike its neighbour Australia, New Zealand only has a very small number of dangerous animals and insects in the country so you don't have to check your shoes every time you put them on! A great place for those who love the outdoors and a bit of adventure - bungee jumping anyone? 

Fun fact: Did you know about the ceremonial Haka dance of New Zealand's Māori people? If you didn't, it's a must-see. A performance of pure heart and soul.

Make sure to check out Worldpackers work exchange and volunteer programs in New Zealand  like this one to help an Eco Village with gardening where you can stay and explore nature for at least one week.

I'm sure it's no surprise that Canada is on this list. After all, it's well known for it's super friendly people, eh! 

I've heard Canada described as almost a wonderland that barely feels real, that's probably partly due to being one of the safest countries to travel to . 

The people there are very respectful of both native and travellers, so you can make yourself right at home. Full of incredible nature and beautiful wildlife, Canada is best for outdoor-lovers and adventure-seekers.

Make sure to check out Worldpackers work exchange and volunteer programs in Canada  like this experience in the mountains where the hosts only need 12 hours per week of help and offer such good amenities to the volunteer.

Home to great food, warm weather and wonderful people, Spain is one of Europe's most loved tourist destinations. 

Spaniards are all about helping their community and being there for one another and in general, are very kind people. They love to have a good time and certainly know how to dance! So if you're looking for a fun-filled trip, Spain is a great idea. 

The country has a great variety of bustling cities, wonderful mountains and coastlines, but be cautious when visiting the busier cities like Barcelona as pit-pockets are quite common in some areas. Try traditional Spanish tapas, wash it down with some sangria and take a walk along the beach - bliss!

Make sure to check out Worldpackers work exchange and volunteer programs in Spain  like this retreat needing help with web programming .

7. Portugal

For somewhere much cheaper, but just as amazing, Portugal is a great destination. With beautiful coastlines, fun cities and warm weather, it has become a very popular tourist destination but yet remains one of the safest countries to travel to. 

A good tip is to travel here outside of peak times to enjoy a quieter experience. Be sure to try the delicious Portuguese cuisine , relax on the beach or walk the streets of the cities like Lisbon and Porto. 

Portugal is a great place for younger travellers who want an enjoyable, safe trip but without the high price tag. 

Make sure to check out Worldpackers work exchange and volunteer programs in Portugal  to have amazing experiences while helping with content and social media  in a hostel in Lisbon, for example.

Ireland is a fantastic country to visit with some of the friendliest people with plenty of good craic (banter) to keep you entertained. 

Visit the rugged coastlines and be taken aback by the scenery, walk the Giants Causeway in Belfast (Northern Ireland is in the UK, but for this blog's sake, we're keeping them together!) or find a good local pub in the heart of Dublin. It may not always have the best weather, but it has some great accents, beautiful views and a good spirit.

Top tip: whether you're in Northern or Southern Ireland, it's best not to bring up the other side of the country because of history. Most will be fine with it, but you don't want to get on the wrong side of somebody.

Make sure to check out Worldpackers work exchange and volunteer programs in Ireland  to seer one of the most beautiful scenery in Europe while helping. This Guest House by the beach is looking for recepcionit, cleaners and housekeepers.

Japan is one of the safest Asian countries to travel to with it's highly respectful community and very low crime rates. 

It's fairy-tale-like gardens and futuristic high-tech cities make this country one of the most interesting to visit. 

It is important when visiting Japan that you respect their culture and abide by any rules when in public places, as they can be quite particular about this. Other than that, it is an incredible country to visit and is a must on your bucket list. 

Make sure to check out Worldpackers work exchange and volunteer programs in Japan . There are available positions for every kind of taste. This one makes you experience country life while volunteer in a farm .

Discover Japan off the beaten path: 6 unique non-touristy destinations . 

10. Finland

A small, but wonderful country that has an amazing range of activities for all the adventurers out there. The Finnish people are also incredibly kind and welcoming, making the country one of the best places to travel alone . 

Another great thing about Finland and other Scandinavian countries is that they are role models in sustainability and eco-friendly living so if you're trying to be greener and learn more about how to help the planet then you won't be disappointed with a trip here. 

Make sure to check out Worldpackers work exchange and volunteer programs in Finland . This host needs childcare, homecare and animal care and offers accommodation with all meals included.

11. Austria

Austria is not only very solo-traveller friendly and safe, but has some of the most beautiful scenery from vibrant forests, clear waters and snowy mountains that are truly mesmerising. 

The perfect place for anyone who likes to ski, hike or even just sight-see with its stunning architecture and art. Austria is also famously known for it's beautiful bodies of water so if you're a fan of wild swims, then this is the perfect location for you. 

Make sure to check out Worldpackers work exchange and volunteer programs in Austria . This position in a camp  is great for people who love children and nature.

And don't miss out The best Austrian mountains to visit and how to get there .

12. Sri Lanka 

With a large majority of the countries' culture being Buddhist, this makes it a pretty safe place to travel as their mannerisms tend to be calm and welcoming. 

Sigiriya  is a must-visit when travelling Sri Lanka - an enigmatic summit with remains of an ancient palace at the top? Who wouldn't want to see that! 

Overall, there are some incredible top-destinations in Sri Lanka , but it's recommended to go off the beaten path and discover it for yourself.

Make sure to check out Worldpackers work exchange and volunteer programs in Sri Lanka . If you have sports skills this Yoga Studio  host is ideal for you. 

13. Rural UK

The UK is quite divided and whilst the bigger cities like London, Glasgow and Cardiff are a lot busier and potentially less safe, the more rural areas are a great alternative and often get swept under the rug! 

Take a road trip round to the North Coast 500   of Scotland and discover some of the most beautiful mountains and coastlines. 

Go surfing and get your relaxation on somewhere like Devon in South West England or visit Pembrokeshire in Wales and be surrounded by nature whilst trying something new like coasteering!

Make sure to check out Worldpackers work exchange and volunteer programs in the United Kingdom  like this hostel on the banks of Loch Ness that only requires 18h a week of working.

Keep reading: How to travel with autism in an independent and safe way

Safety tips for solo travellers

• Transport - some countries will have better connections and modes of transport which is great, but others won't and may require you to wait around between connections (such as buses from airports). Keep this in mind when booking modes of transport and be sure to stick to public places if you have to wait, such as at a café. 
• Act like a local - being very loud about the fact you're a tourist isn't the best idea as it may attract the wrong crowd. A top tip if you're using something like google maps is to wear earphones and listen to the directions, rather than drawing attention to the fact you're looking at maps. 
• Despite how safe a place might be, it's always good to stay vigilant, especially during the evening. If you do go out at night, be sure to tell someone at your accommodation where you're going, or even better, go with someone you trust. 
• One thing to note about safer countries is that they do tend to be more expensive. It makes sense, the less money a country has, the poorer the life quality and then usually, the less safe it is. However, as long as you stay vigilant and sensible, you'll be fine!

Remember staying vigilant and being a little cautious is never a bad idea.

Travelling is super fun and exciting but for some, a little daunting. Check out this blog on  15 simple travel safety tips everyone should know to help get you started on your travel journey! 

And if you're looking for some awesome places to see, check the Top 35 iconic places in the world: famous landmarks worth visiting.

Which country are you eager to go to? Let me know in the comments!

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Lauren Mclachlan

Worldpackers Community

Hey I’m Lauren! I’m from a small town in sunny (I wish) Scotland and took on my first solo travelling trip after graduating in 2019 My experience was way better than I could’ve imagined – meeting wonderful people, seeing amazing things, great experiences and even teaching weekly yoga! I couldn’t have done all this without Worldpackers, I’m so grateful I came across the website. I think everyone should get to experience travelling at some point in their lives – wherever and whatever it may be! My advice if you’re thinking about it is – don’t think too much! Just do, you won’t regret it. Also, if you want 10% off your Worldpackers memberships you can use the code LAUREN10

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Feb 24, 2022

Either you are Crazy or you are a Great Stupid. You mentioned portugal is the safest country and in number 7! are you portuguese??? I visited and stayed more 11 Eu countries. portugal is the country where a female faces domestic violence and even often they are beated on the road by men! portuguese are very rude and also they are poor and dirty appearance.

Lauren (Author)

Feb 25, 2022

Hi, I'm sorry you feel this way. The countries are not ranked in any order and I did not state that it was the safest. If you read my bio you will see I am Scottish! I am against any type of violence but unfortunately this happens in pretty much all countries, it is sad but reality.

Oct 20, 2022

I am surprised that you have included Sri Lanka in your list. Sri Lanka may be safe for men but not for women. The local women, let alone tourists, get sexually asssulated in public transporation every day. The most of the rapes, specially in rural villages, do not get reported.

According to The Herald (Scotland): "Sri Lanka has had a history of rapes and attacks on foreigners, with emblematic cases such as the murder after the British aid worker Khuram Shaikh was shot and stabbed whilst on holiday, whilst his Russian girlfriend was raped by a Sri Lankan politican." The UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office states that “there have been an increasing number of reports of sexual offences including on minors”. “There has been an increase in sexual attacks against females in tourist areas,” it added. “Women should take particular care when travelling alone or in small groups, and carry a personal alarm.”

A Glasgow woman was raped a a hotel worker at a Sri Lankan hotel, Club Bentota Hotel, in 2010. She won a lawsuit at the UK Supreme Court in 2021, against the tour operator, Kuoni. The women became pregnant as a result of the rape.

Why are you so ignorant of sexual assults of female tourists in Sri Lanka? All you had to do is a simple Google search on the subject. Your article gives a false sense of security to women who would travel to Sri Lanka.

Correction of Typo: A Glasgow woman was raped by a hotel worker at a Sri Lankan hotel, Club Bentota Hotel, in 2010. She won a lawsuit in the UK Supreme Court in 2021, against the tour operator, Kuoni. The woman became pregnant as a result of the rape.

Oct 26, 2022

Hi Sanath, I really appreciate your comment and thank you for bringing this to my attention. I'm aware that unfortunately, many places are not deemed 'safe' for women to travel alone, if anywhere. It's a very sad reality but I believe that we cannot let our fears take over. I understand this is unrelated to fear and is a literal issue, and I apologise if my article was ignorant to this. My advice is that anyone travelling solo should always take their own precautions and measures to stay safe, but this is the decision of the individual.

I think Lauren your thought process is absolutely correct regarding the preparation of this list...This list is all about relative safety of backpackers compared to other countries, but not the absolute safety...Therfore people should always be vigilant... I guess the main parameter that you have looked at is whether how welcoming the locals are, how supportive they are and how accepting the host culture is...In fact some countries are excessively religious and won't tolerate certain outfits and behaviors of the tourists... In this context, the given list of countries are relatively well suited for the solo travellers...Regarding the comment made by Sanath about Sri Lanka...I think the fellow is grossly misguided and has no clue about this post.. I m British and my girlfriend has traveled to Sri Lanka 7 times as a backpacker and I have been there 3 times. it's a destination that we adore..Mainly due to the fact that their amazingly welcoming nature, supportive attitude and the calming and kind Buddhist culture, like you said... For a country with culture they are highly tolerant towards behaviors of the tourists... Just to recall an incident, my girlfriend lost her purse and the taxi man came looking for her in every hotel in that locality to hand it over.. So I absolutely endorse and appreciate having Sri Lanka in this spot..

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These Are the Safest Countries in the World in 2023

By Sarah James

It may seem hard to determine which are the safest countries in the world, but for many travelers, the question is top of mind. A sense of security in a destination can be vital when selecting a place to visit—whether that's because you're a solo traveler, moving around with small children, or worried about discrimination. To help quantify the topic of safety, the Institute of Economics and Peace (IEP) has released its annual Global Peace Index (GPI), a data-driven measurement of global peacefulness.

The 2023 results are broadly similar to the 2022 rankings (more details on that below) but there have been some movements in the list—with a couple of new additions, too. The most peaceful country in the world, however, remains the same for the 16th year running.

The report notes that while some factors (such as the death toll from terrorism) have improved over time, the amount of COVID-19-related violent incidents—riots in response to lockdown, targeted physical assaults, etc.—from 2020 to 2021 were off the charts. In fact, there were at least 158 countries that recorded one or more violent incidents directly related to the pandemic during this time.

To assemble the list, the IEP ranks 163 nations using three domains of peacefulness: the level of societal safety and security, the extent of ongoing domestic and international conflict, and the degree of militarization. Within those domains, the organization looks at 23 qualitative and quantitative indicators , including incarceration rates, homicide rates, deaths from internal conflict, perceptions of criminality, and more. The scores are then averaged for an overall composite—the lower the score, the safer the space.

Below, you’ll find the 10 safest countries in the world, along with each country’s score (one being the most peaceful, five being the least).

10. Switzerland

Score: 1.339

Switzerland rounds out the list of the top 10 peaceful countries in the world—despite the fact that it ranks among the highest weapons exporters per capita. It's clearly safe enough in other areas to land in such a high ranking, though.

Score: 1.336

Japan is the ninth most peaceful country. It comes second (after Finland ) in safety and security rankings, which positions it strongly to rank on this list. Japan reopened its borders fully after the pandemic just this year—plan a trip with our article on the all the best new things to do in the country. 

8. Slovenia

Score: 1.334

Slovenia broke into the top 10 for the first time in 2020 and managed to stay there since, thanks to extremely low crime rates and terrorism risk. The country dropped from its 2022 ranking of five to spot eight, but whether you’re just generally into beautiful places or want to explore some of Europe’s best castles and lakes, Slovenia has plenty to offer—including the guarantee that you'll sleep well at night.

Slovenia has a distinct lack of violent crime and internal conflict.

7. Portugal

Score: 1.333

Portugal has made significant strides in peacefulness in recent years. In 2014, the country was transitioning out of financial crisis and was ranked 18th on the GPI. Today, it is a beacon of economic resurgence and low crime rates. Add to that a Mediterranean climate and affordable healthcare, and it’s little wonder so many people decide to retire in Portugal in their golden years. It has dropped three places since last year's rankings, but still makes the top 10.

6. Singapore

Score: 1.332

Singapore is a new entry on the list, ranking in the top five in categories such as safety and security (number four) and ongoing conflict (number three). It's the second-placing country in the Asia Pacific region.

Score: 1.316

Another stalwart in this list, Austria ranks at number five this year—dropping one place since 2022. For inspiration for your next (or first) trip, see our guides to the Austrian capital—including a local's take on the country.

4. New Zealand

Score: 1.313

New Zealand is down two places from the 2022 listing—it's now number 4 on the list, but was number 2 in the 2022 ranking. It's the safest country in the Asia-Pacific region, though, and there were improvements in this year's data—especially in terms of violent demonstrations, the incarceration rate. and terrorism impact indicators. But there were big drops in militarization, especially the importing and exporting of weapons.

Score: 1.312

Ireland has jumped five places since last year, leaping from number eight to round out the top three. In 2022, the country was a new addition to the top 10. This means that all of the top three safest countries of the world this year are in Europe.

Score: 1.31

Up one spot since 2022 when it ranked third, Denmark is in second place in the 2023 Global Peace Index. The nation stands out for its well-functioning government, low levels of corruption, and equitable distribution of resources. Interestingly, Denmark also ranks second in the list of the happiest countries in the world .

Violence and international conflict are practically nonexistent in Denmark.

Score: 1.124

Iceland is the most peaceful country in the world for the 16th year in a row—it's held the position since the inception of the index in 2008. The Nordic nation has some of the lowest military spending and international conflict rates in the world (not having any shared borders helps). There has been a four percent deterioration in the country's score since 2008 though, which the report attributes to increased homicide and terrorism risks.

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Destinations throughout europe dominate the rankings. but the world’s no. 1 safest country is not across the pond..

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If you want peace of mind during your travels, head north.

Photo by Aditya Chinchure/Unsplash

With the start of a new year comes a fresh list of places to add to the travel wish list. Narrowing the options down, however, can be a bit challenging. Safety is often one of the top qualifications for desirable travel destinations, especially for solo travelers—which are gaining in numbers. According to a travel survey released by Booking.com , 59 percent of travelers would like to take a solo trip in 2024.

For those plotting their 2024 getaways, whether you plan to go alone or with a group, travel insurance provider Berkshire Hathaway Travel Protection this week released its ninth annual “ State of Travel Insurance Safest Destination” report , revealing the world’s safest countries and cities. These super-safe destinations may lend you some confidence and inspire a decision on where to go in 2024.

To determine the rankings, Berkshire Hathaway analyzed the responses of 1,702 travelers who were polled between August 24 and September 13, 2023, along with third-party data sources to evaluate concerns such as terrorism, weather emergencies, health measures, and the safety of underrepresented groups. The Berkshire Hathaway rankings also take into account data and information sourced from the U.S. State Department, The Economist , and Global Finance magazine, among other sources.

What is the No. 1 country for safety?

In 2024, Canada , our neighbor to the north, is the No. 1 country for safety. Ranked as the 11th most peaceful country in the world by the 2023 Global Peace Index , Canada has a reputation for its diversity, inclusivity, and low crime rate. This only enhances its legendary travel offerings, from fabulous multicultural cities like Toronto , Montreal , and Vancouver to remarkable natural beauty in national parks like Jasper , Banff , and Prince Edward Island .

What is the No. 1 city in the world for safety?

Hawai’i’s beachfront capital city, Honolulu , secured the No. 1 spot for safest cities in the world. Surrounded by mountains and hiking trails and bordered by some of the best beaches on the planet, Honolulu doesn’t exactly need a boost when it comes to tourism, but having the highest safety rating certainly doesn’t hurt. The city attributes its safety to low crime and a high quality of life.

The 15 safest countries in the world in 2024

With a low crime rate, Switzerland takes the No. 2 spot for world’s safest countries.

Photo by Tron Le/Unsplash

• Switzerland
• Netherlands
• United Kingdom
• New Zealand

Switzerland comes in second place for the safest countries in the world. In the 2023 Global Peace Index, it is the 10th most peaceful country in the world. With a low crime rate, dynamic cities, sparkling lakes, and spectacular mountain scenery, Switzerland has so much to offer travelers in terms of activities and peace of mind.

The third safest country in the world is Norway . Low incidents of crime, low income inequality, and a well-developed social system contribute to a high quality of life in Norway. The Scandinavian country is known for its stunning scenery, clean air, and its friendly, nature-filled capital city, Oslo .

The 15 safest cities in the world in 2024

Twist our arm already—as if we needed more reasons to head to Honolulu.

Photo by Angela Bailey/Unsplash

• Venice, Italy

It makes sense that the world’s safest country would also have one of the safest cities in the world. Canada’s Montreal came in as the second safest city in the world. Family-friendly, and with a low crime rate, Montreal provides travelers peace of mind, in addition to rich culture, gastronomy, and architectural beauty.

Rounding out the top three is Reykjavik , Iceland’s capital city. Iceland , too, is one of the safest countries to visit, ranking as the ninth safest in the world. Crime rates there are extremely low. The country doesn’t even have an army, and its police force doesn’t carry guns. What you will find in Reykjavik is a lively cultural scene and extreme natural beauty in every direction.

Places the U.S. Government Warns Not to Travel Right Now

You may want to reconsider traveling to these countries right now.

Do Not Travel to These Countries

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Crime, civil unrest and terrorism are common risk factors for countries that end up on the State Department's "Do Not Travel" advisory list.

In 2024, tourism across the globe is “well on track” to return to pre-pandemic levels, according to projections by UN Tourism.

Global conflicts and natural disasters , ranging from a series of coups across Africa to catastrophic earthquakes in the Middle East affected international travel patterns throughout 2023. Still, international tourist arrivals reached 87% of pre-pandemic levels in 2023, according to estimates by UN Tourism .

In January 2024 alone, about 4.6 million U.S. citizens left the country for international destinations, 17% higher than the same month in 2019, according to the International Trade Administration . But some destinations warrant more caution than others.

On Oct. 19, 2023, following the outbreak of war between Israel and Gaza and flaring tensions in the region, the U.S. State Department issued a worldwide caution advisory due to “increased tensions in various locations around the world, the potential for terrorist attacks, demonstrations or violent actions against U.S. citizens and interests.” Prior to this update, the most recent worldwide caution advisory was issued in 2022 after a U.S. strike killed Ayman al-Zawahiri, Osama bin Laden’s successor as leader of Al Qaeda, causing “a higher potential for anti-American violence.” The worldwide caution advisory remains in effect.

The U.S. State Department also issues individual travel advisory levels for more than 200 countries globally, continually updating them based on a variety of risk indicators such as health, terrorism and civil unrest. Travel advisory levels range from Level 1, which means exercise normal precautions, to Level 4, which means do not travel there.

About 10% of countries – 19 total – have a Level 4: “Do Not Travel” advisory as of Mar. 4. In Level 4 countries, the U.S. government may have “very limited ability” to step in should travelers’ safety or security be at risk, according to the State Department. Crime, civil unrest, kidnapping and terrorism are common risk factors associated with Level 4 countries.

So far in 2024, the State Department made changes to the existing Level 4 advisories for Myanmar, Iran and Gaza, and moved Niger and Lebanon off of the Level 4 list.

Places With a Level 4 Travel Advisory

These are the primary areas the U.S. government says not to travel to right now, in alphabetical order:

Jump to Place: Afghanistan Belarus Burkina Faso Central African Republic Myanmar (formerly Burma) Gaza Haiti Iran Iraq Libya Mali Mexico North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) Russia Somalia South Sudan Sudan Syria Ukraine Venezuela Yemen

Afghanistan: The Central Asian country is wrestling with “terrorism, risk of wrongful detention, kidnapping and crime,” according to the State Department. U.S. citizens are specifically at risk for wrongful detention and kidnapping. In 2022, the government reinstituted public floggings and executions, and women’s rights are disappearing under Taliban control. The U.S. Embassy in Kabul halted operations in August 2021. Since the Taliban took control , many forms of international aid have been halted . Meanwhile, in 2023, some of the year’s deadliest earthquakes killed more than 2,400 in Afghanistan while the country continues to face a years-long extreme drought.

Belarus: Belarus, which shares a western border with Russia and a southern border with Ukraine, has been flagged for “Belarusian authorities’ continued facilitation of Russia’s war against Ukraine, the buildup of Russian military forces in Belarus, the arbitrary enforcement of local laws, the potential of civil unrest, the risk of detention, and the Embassy’s limited ability to assist U.S. citizens residing in or traveling to Belarus.” The U.S. Embassy in Minsk halted operations in February 2022.

Burkina Faso: Terrorism, crime and kidnapping are plaguing this West African nation. Terrorist attacks may target hotels, restaurants and schools with little to no warning, and the East and Sahel regions of the country are under a state of emergency. In late November 2023, hundreds died in clashes between state security forces and rebels near the country’s border with Mali. In June, more than 2 million people in Burkina Faso were displaced due to “violence linked to al-Qaida and the Islamic State group.”

Central African Republic: While there have not been specific incidents of U.S. citizens targeted with violence or crime, violent crime and sudden closure of roads and borders is common. The advisory states that “Embassy Bangui’s limited capacity to provide support to U.S. citizens, crime, civil unrest, and kidnapping” is a factor in its assessment. Recent data from UNICEF suggests the country has the worst drinking water accessibility of all countries in 2022.

Myanmar (Formerly Burma): Armed conflict and civil unrest are the primary reasons to not travel to this Southeast Asian country, which experienced a military coup in early 2021. Limited health care resources, wrongful detentions and “areas with land mines and unexploded ordnance” are also listed as risk factors. After Ukraine and Israel, Myanmar had the highest conflict-related death toll in 2023.

Gaza : Hamas, a foreign terrorist organization as designated by the State Department, controls much of the Gaza Strip, which shares borders with both Israel and Egypt. On Oct. 7, 2023, Hamas fighters broke across the border into Israel, killing hundreds of civilians and soldiers in a brazen attack that stunned Israelis. On Oct. 10, Israel hit the Gaza Strip with “the fiercest air strikes in its 75-year conflict” according to Reuters . The conflict has since escalated into war between Israel and Hamas, with regular Israeli airstrikes leading to extensive civilian casualties in Gaza. As of mid-December, nearly 85% of Gaza’s population were displaced from their homes, according to UN estimates . The region continues to face shortages of food , water, electricity and medical supplies , with conditions deemed “far beyond a humanitarian crisis.” The State Department warns of terrorism and armed conflict within Gaza’s borders.

Haiti: In July 2023, the Department of State ordered all non-emergency U.S. government personnel and family members to leave the U.S. Embassy in Port-au-Prince in response to the increased risk of kidnapping and violent crime in the country , as well as armed conflict between gangs and police. The travel advisory states that cases of kidnapping “often involve ransom negotiations and U.S. citizen victims have been physically harmed during kidnappings.” The travel advisory also states that “U.S. citizens in Haiti should depart Haiti as soon as possible” given “the current security situation and infrastructure challenges.” A series of gang attacks in late September 2023 caused thousands to flee their homes, and many aid groups have been forced to cut or suspend operations amid escalating violence in recent months.

Iran: Terrorism, kidnapping and civil unrest are risk factors for all travelers to Iran, while U.S. citizens are specifically at risk for “arbitrary arrest.” U.S.-Iranian nationals such as students, journalists and business travelers have been arrested on charges of espionage and threatening national security. Executions in Iran rose sharply between 2021 and 2022, bringing the country’s total to nearly 580 people over the year, according to a report by Amnesty International released in May 2023.

Iraq: The State Department cites “terrorism, kidnapping, armed conflict [and] civil unrest” as cause for the country’s Level 4 distinction. Iraq’s northern borders, and its border with Syria, are especially dangerous. Since the escalation of conflict in neighboring Israel in October, there has been an increase in attacks against Iraqi military bases, which host U.S. troops and other international forces. In October 2023, non-emergency U.S. government personnel and eligible family members were ordered to leave the U.S. embassy in Baghdad.

Libya: Following the end of its dictatorship over a decade ago, Libya has been wrought with internal conflict between armed groups in the East and West. Armed conflict, civil unrest, crime, kidnapping and terrorism are all risk factors. U.S. citizens have been targets of kidnapping for ransom, with terrorists targeting hotels and airports frequented by Westerners. The U.S. Embassy in Tripoli halted operations in 2014. In mid-September 2023, floods, which some say were intensified by climate change , killed thousands in eastern Libya. Clashes between armed factions escalated across the country in the latter half of 2023, including in the capital city of Tripoli and in Benghazi.

Mali: After experiencing military coups in 2020 and 2021, crime, terrorism and kidnapping are all prevalent threats in this West African landlocked nation. In July 2022, non-emergency U.S. government employees and their families were ordered to leave the country due to higher risk of terrorist activity. A U.N. report in August 2023 said that military groups in the country, including both Mali security forces and possibly Russian Wagner mercenaries, were spreading terror through the use of violence against women and human rights abuses. Democratic elections were supposed to occur in February 2024, but Mali’s military junta postponed the plans indefinitely. In December, the U.N. officially ended a decade-long peacekeeping presence in the country, which had been among the agency’s deadliest missions, with hundreds of the mission personnel killed since 2013.

Mexico: Each state in Mexico is assessed separately for travel advisory levels. Six of the 32 states in Mexico are designated as Level 4: Colima, Guerrero, Michoacan, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas and Zacatecas. Crime and kidnapping are listed as the primary risk factors throughout the country. Nearly 112,000 people were missing across the country as of October, a number the U.N. has called “alarming.”

North Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea): U.S. passports are not valid for travel “to, in, or through” this country, home to one of the world's longest-running dynastic dictatorships. The travel advisory states that the Level 4 distinction is due to “the continuing serious risk of arrest and long-term detention of U.S. nationals.” In July 2023, a U.S. soldier fled across the border into North Korea, where he is believed to be in North Korean custody, the first American detained in the North in nearly five years. He was returned to U.S. custody in September 2023.

Russia: The travel advisory for Russia cites its invasion of Ukraine , harassment of U.S. citizens by Russian government officials and arbitrary law enforcement as a few of the reasons for the Level 4 designation. Chechnya and Mount Elbrus are specifically listed as Level 4 regions. Terrorism, civil unrest, health, kidnapping and wrongful detention are all noted as risks.

Russia Invades Ukraine: A Timeline

Somalia: A severe drought resulting from five failed rainy seasons in a row killed 43,000 people in 2022, and caused a famine amid conflict with Islamist insurgents . Violent crime is common throughout Somalia , pirates frequent its coast off the Horn of Africa, and medical facilities, where they exist, have limited capacity. Crime, terrorism, civil unrest, health and kidnapping are all risk factors. In January 2024, some passengers aboard a U.N.-contracted helicopter were taken hostage by al-Shabaab militants after the vehicle crashed in central Somalia.

South Sudan: Crime, kidnapping and armed conflict are the primary risk factors for South Sudan, which separated from Sudan in 2011, making it the world’s newest country . Weapons are readily available, and travelers have been victims of sexual assault and armed robbery.

Sudan: The U.S. evacuated its embassy in Khartoum in April 2023, and the country closed its airspace due to the ongoing conflict in the country, only permitting humanitarian aid and evacuation efforts. Fighting has escalated in the region between two warring generals seeking to gain control after a military coup in 2021 ousted the country’s prime minister. Civil unrest is the primary risk factor for Africa’s third largest country by area. Crime, terrorism, kidnapping and armed conflict are also noted. The International Criminal Court began investigating alleged war crimes and violence against African ethnic groups in the country in 2023. Millions have fled their homes due to conflict, and the U.N. has said its efforts to provide aid have been hindered by a lack of support, safety and resources. As recently as December 2023, the United Nations warned of catastrophic famine , with millions of children at-risk for malnutrition .

Syria: The advisory states that “No part of Syria is safe from violence,” with terrorism, civil unrest, kidnapping, armed conflict and risk of unjust detention all potential risk factors. U.S. citizens are often a target for kidnappings and detention. The U.S. Embassy in Damascus halted operations in 2012. Fighting in neighboring Israel has escalated since October, and the conflict has spilled over into Syria, where the U.S. has carried out air strikes following drone and rocket attacks against American troops in Syria and Iraq, triggered by the Israel-Hamas war.

Ukraine: Russian setbacks in their invasion of Ukraine buoyed hopes in Ukraine in 2023. However, Ukraine is a Level 4 country due to Russia’s invasion, with crime and civil unrest also noted as risk factors. The country’s forces shot down two Russian fighter jets on Christmas Eve 2023, in a move Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said “sets the right mood for the entire year ahead.”

Venezuela: Human rights abuses and lack of health care plague this South American nation, which has been in a political crisis since 2014. In 2019, diplomatic personnel were withdrawn from the U.S. Embassy in Caracas. Threats in the country include crime, civil unrest, kidnapping, wrongful detention and poor health infrastructure.

Yemen: Six of the nine risk factors defined by the State Department – terrorism, civil unrest, health risks, kidnapping, armed conflict and landmines – are all present in Yemen. Despite private companies offering tourist visits to the Yemeni island of Socotra, the U.S. government argues those arranging such visits “are putting tourists in danger.” Civil war and cholera are also both present throughout the country. The U.S. Embassy in Sanaa halted operations in 2015. The country has experienced a relative lull in the civil war fighting, but as peace negotiations have gotten traction, flare ups in the fighting have jeopardized progress. Most recently, the U.S. and U.K. have carried out a series of airstrikes in the country, targeting Iran-backed Houthi sites.

Other Countries to Watch

Since Jan. 1, the State Department has updated travel advisories for 17 different countries as well as for the West Bank and Gaza, adding information about specific regions or risk factors, or simply renewing an existing advisory. Travel advisory levels can change based on several factors in a nation, such as increased civil unrest, policies that affect human rights or higher risks of unlawful detention.

The State Department has given about 25 countries an assessment of Level 3, meaning it recommends people “reconsider travel” to those destinations.

On Oct. 14, one week after the deadly Hamas attack on Israel, Israel and the West Bank were both moved from Level 2 to Level 3, while Gaza remains at Level 4. The region’s travel advisory was updated in November to reflect travel restrictions for certain government employees who have not already left the area, and it was updated again on Jan. 3.

Following the outbreak of the Israel-Hamas war in early October, the U.S. State Department raised Lebanon ’s travel advisory level from a Level 3 to a Level 4 level due to “the unpredictable security situation related to rocket, missile, and artillery exchanges” between Israel and Hezbollah or other militant groups. In December, the U.S. Embassy in Beirut returned to normal staffing and presence, and on Jan. 29, the country was moved back to Level 3. Crime, terrorism, armed conflict, civil unrest, kidnapping and unexploded landmines are listed as the country’s primary risk factors. However, the country’s borders with Syria and with Israel, as well as refugee settlements within Lebanon, are specifically noted as Level 4 regions.

China became a Level 3 country in late 2020, with an update in December 2022 citing “the surge in COVID-19 cases, arbitrary enforcement of local laws, and COVID-19-related restrictions” as the reason for the advisory. In June 2023, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) was moved from the Level 3 to the Level 2 list, but travelers are still advised to be cautious in the area due to “arbitrary enforcement of local laws.” Meanwhile, Macau remains at Level 3.

Following an attempted coup in August 2023, Niger was elevated to Level 4 in August and the Department of State ordered all non-emergency U.S. government personnel and family members to leave the U.S. Embassy in Niamey. In early January 2024, the overall risk level for the country was lowered back to Level 3. Despite the new classification, the State Department still asks non-emergency government personnel and eligible family members to depart the country.

In mid-December 2023 there was an explosion at Guinea’s main fuel depot which has since affected access to health care and basic goods and services. The country was subsequently designated a Level 3 nation after having previously been Level 2. Concerns about civil unrest, health, crime and fuel shortages impacting local infrastructure were listed as the primary risk factors contributing to the change.

Several Level 3 countries are among the worst countries for human trafficking, as designated by the State Department’s annual Trafficking in Persons Report . Level 3 countries on this list include Papua New Guinea, Guinea Bissau, China and Chad. There are also nine Level 4 countries designated as among the worst for human trafficking: Afghanistan, Belarus, Iran, Myanmar, North Korea, Russia, Syria, South Sudan and Venezuela.

Over 70 countries are currently at Level 2, meaning the State Department recommends travelers “exercise increased caution” when traveling to those destinations.

Botswana became the newest Level 2 country on Feb. 26 after having previously been Level 1, with crime noted as the primary risk factor.

France, which saw nationwide protests throughout 2023, has civil unrest and terrorism noted as risk factors for its Level 2 status, and Sweden’s Level 2 status is associated with risks of terrorism.

The Level 2 travel advisory for the Bahamas was updated in January to reflect water safety concerns. The advisory warns that “activities involving commercial recreational watercraft, including water tours, are not consistently regulated” and notes that government personnel are “not permitted to use independently operated jet-ski rentals on New Providence and Paradise Islands.” It also warns visitors to be mindful of sharks, weather and water conditions. The advisory also says that crime is a primary risk factor with gang-on-gang violence contributing to high homicide rates in some areas. Visitors are asked to “be vigilant” and to not physically resist robbery attempts.

Bangladesh 's Level 2 travel advisory was updated in October 2023 to add a note about the country’s general election , which took place Jan. 7, 2024. The advisory states “demonstrations intended to be peaceful can turn confrontational and escalate into violence.” The U.S. has since claimed the country’s election was not free nor fair.

In November 2023, several Level 2 travel advisories were updated with new cautionary information. The advisory for Ghana was updated to reflect threats against LGBTQI+ travelers specifically, noting “anti-LGBTQI+ rhetoric and violence have increased in recent years.” Meanwhile, the advisory for South Africa was updated in February to note that routes recommended by GPS may be unsafe with higher risk for crime.

Turkmenistan was moved off of the Level 2 list to become the newest addition to the Level 1 list on Jan. 22, meaning normal precautions are recommended but there are no risk factors causing travelers to practice increased caution.

The State Department asks travelers to pay attention to travel advisory levels and alerts , review country information pages for their destinations and read related country security reports before going abroad.

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12 SAFEST Countries To Travel Right Now In 2023 (According to GPI Rank)

Basic travel wisdom includes an awareness of the dangers and risks inherent in any destination. Countries with historically high terrorism, crime, and violence rates are less likely to be candidates for your next vacation.

The Institute for Economics & Peace is a non-profit international think tank dedicated to shifting the world’s focus to peace as a positive, achievable, and tangible measure of human well-being and progress. It has recently released the latest report in which they rank countries worldwide as the safest according to the Global Peace Index .

The index considers political and social stability, personal safety and security, public health, economic strength, and access to essential services.

The rankings from many public safety surveys are based on data collected over the past ten years. These surveys are conducted by IEP’s network of over 350 experienced researchers in the public, private and civil sectors. These researchers conduct the world’s most extensive surveys on global conflict, terrorism, militarism, organized crime, weapons proliferation, and corruption. To calculate the GPI, the researchers consider 23 indicators that cover the issues mentioned above.

The results are then compared to previous years’ results to identify and measure any critical changes in these indicators.

Here are the top 15 safest countries to visit according to IEP Global Peace Index Report 2022.

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Most dangerous countries in the World in 2023

This tiny island country in the North Atlantic Ocean is a favorite vacation destination for many Europeans.

Its capital city, Reykjavik, is geothermally active and is a popular tourist hot spot, especially among golf enthusiasts.

The country has a functioning and well-organized democracy. Its economy depends on fisheries, tourism, hydroelectric power generation, and aluminum smelting. Iceland has very low crime rates and high rankings in personal safety surveys.

Tourists can visit the famous Blue Lagoon geothermic spa or take advantage of the many hiking trails available. The northern lights are a popular attraction for star-gazers and photographers. Iceland also has a rich cultural heritage and hosts many festivals and concerts.

The people are friendly, easygoing, and welcoming.

2. New Zealand

New Zealand has a strong economy, with a small but growing population and a high standard of living.

Tourism is a significant contributor to the country’s economy. The number of visitors during the summer season is expected to increase significantly in the next few years. Personal safety is high in this country.

People feel safe even in urban areas. While its islands are secluded and beautiful, New Zealand can also be accessed by ferry or plane. It is a favorite vacation destination for many Australians and English couples.

The government is dedicated to protecting the rights of its citizens. Work is being done to improve the country’s infrastructure and prevent terrorism.

This western European country’s history dates back to the early Christian era. It has played a significant role in Western civilization. It has a stable democracy and high rankings on the Global Peace Index.

The country’s economy is among the fastest growing in Europe, thanks to its expanding technological sector, which includes pharmaceuticals and life science. Ireland’s main tourist attractions are the many castles dotting the landscape and historical sites like Newgrange. A passage tomb was built 5,200 years ago. T

ourists who enjoy the outdoors can hike in the Wicklow Mountains or view more than 1,000 plant species at the world-renowned Gardens of Ireland.

The friendly people and communities are havens for artists and musicians.

The crime rate is low, and the country has no history of internal conflict.

In Denmark, life is comfortable and peaceful. The country abolished its army to focus on developing social welfare programs, education, and cultural heritage. It has many protected national parks where you can enjoy scenic views or go hiking or biking.

One of its major attractions is the Scandinavian Contemporary Museum in Roskilde, which offers modern art and furniture exhibits.

Denmark also has a steady supply of fresh water and electricity. Law enforcement is effective, and there are few violent crimes, making it very safe.

This central European country is known for its diverse tourism options, including skiing, hiking, and horseback riding, as well as historical sites like the Great Alp Pipeline War and Salzkammergut Residency Palace. Its capital, Vienna, is a popular destination for European travelers.

According to the World Bank, people in Austria enjoy an excellent standard of living. The country has a modern infrastructure, including highways and a new high-speed rail line connecting Vienna to Berlin.

The country also has low crime rates, corruption, and economic control measures. The head of the state is the Federal President. The government has high rankings in personal safety and transparency.

6. Portugal

Portugal ‘s rich and diverse history dates back to the Ice Age. It is located in the West Europe region.

Portugal’s economy has recently been growing due to its expanding telecommunications, technology, clean energy industries, and functioning democracy.

It also has low levels of corruption and good political participation rates. Its main tourist attractions include the religious sites of Lisbon, a UNESCO world heritage site built by the Northern civilizations, such as crusaders and royal families over centuries.

Crime rates in the country are low, and people feel safe traveling in urban areas. There is no threat of terrorism, and the country is known for religious tolerance.

7. Slovenia

Slovenia has a vibrant society and an excellent quality of life. The economy is robust and has many financial institutions. Several universities with arts and sports facilities are free and open to the public.

The country has a strong record of respecting freedom of the press, religion, and political rights.

The capital is Ljubljana, a rich cultural hub that attracts tourists all year round. The city has been undergoing significant changes in terms of urban development. It is also a major center for research and development.

The country has excellent public services, including public health and education. Crime is low, and there are few reports of theft or personal violence.

8. The Czech Republic

The Czech Republic has a stable democratic government with a strong economy. It has many students and boasts the highest percentage of the OECD countries for tertiary enrollment.

The country has many natural landscapes to enjoy, including mountains and forests. Popular tourist destinations include Ostrava Salt Mines, Prague Castle, Karlovy Vary Spa City, and Cesky Krumlov Castle.

Prague has recently been voted one of the most livable cities in the world due to its low crime rates and modern infrastructure. It is also famous for its beer. The communities and societies in the country are safe, with social acceptance and high levels of personal freedom.

The best way to see this country is on foot or by bicycle.

9. Singapore

Singapore’s economy is one of the most diversified in the world. It has a modern infrastructure and facilities, including clean water, electricity, and reliable Internet connectivity. You can access online media and participate in online activities without restrictions or censorship.

The economy is growing rapidly because of its growing business sectors, especially technology-based service industries such as software design, management services, and digital.

The country has a very efficient government and excellent strategic management. Singapore has outstanding institutions of higher learning, with many internationally-recognized educational programs.

The government boasts a high standard of personal freedom, and people can make their voices heard. Terrorism is practically absent from the country, and there is no threat of war.

Japan has low crime rates, especially when compared to other Asian countries. The economy is also one of the most stable in Asia, with relatively low unemployment rates.

Tokyo is one of the most densely populated cities. The city has many museums and exhibitions, and its many international film festivals held annually also attract tourists worldwide.

The culturally rich cities of Kyoto, Nara, Nagoya, and Osaka are famous for their ancient shrines, UNESCO world heritage sites, and traditional Japanese gardens.

11. Switzerland

Switzerland is renowned for its wealth and high standard of living. Its population is a little over 7 million. Its economy centers on banking and finance investments in business services and management consultancy.

Switzerland is also famous for its jewelry and watch-making industry. Its major tourist attractions include the Alps, lakes and waterfalls, museums of science and technology, and several castles.

The Swiss people are often regarded as very friendly, open-minded, and easygoing. Financial services are among the best in the world, and the country is famous for its excellent treatment of workers.

It has a progressive society, with female executives and a diverse religious community.

Canada is a developed country with modern facilities, including clean water and electricity. It is one of the most powerful democracies in the world, with a well-developed legal system. Its population is over 35 million, and it has low unemployment rates.

Canada has some of the largest gold deposits and petroleum and natural gas reserves.

The government ensures a free press, education, and religion. Ottawa is the capital of Canada, while Toronto and Montreal are the primary tourist destinations. The country has a health care system that is free and accessible to everyone, with public education and welfare.

Canadians are considered polite people who are welcoming to outsiders.

The 50 Most (& Least) Deadly Travel Destinations

Published on December 1, 2022 by Matthew H. Nash

One crucial factor when planning an international trip is safety. From homicide rates to natural disaster risk, some countries pose a greater threat to safety than others. Our research team crunched numbers on seven safety risk factors for 50 of the most-visited countries to create our “Travel Safety Index” .

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Ranking Factors

The 50 countries included in our study were selected based on how popular they are among tourists. To determine the deadliest places in the world for tourists, we looked at the following ranking factors:

Please note: Due to ongoing conflicts in the region, Russia and Ukraine were omitted from the study.

1. Homicide Rate (0-100 points) – The number of intentional homicides per 100,000 people.

Source: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

2. Road Traffic Death Rate (0-100 points) – The estimated road traffic death rate per 100,000 people.

Source: World Health Organization

3. Poisoning Death Rate (0-100 points) –  The mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisonings per 100,000 people.

4. Unsanitary Conditions Mortality Rate (0-100 points) – The mortality rate that is attributed to unsafe sanitation, unsafe water, and a lack of proper hygiene per 100,000 people.

Source: World Bank

5. Life Years Lost Due to Communicable Diseases (0-100 points) – The number of life years lost due to infectious diseases (adjusted for disabilities) per 100,000 people.

Source: Our World in Data

6. Life Years Lost Due to Injury (0-100 points) – Age-standardized and disability-adjusted life years lost due to injuries (including conflict, violence, and self-harm) per 100,000 people.

7. Natural Disaster Risk (0-50 points) – An index created by the German non-profit Bündnis Entwicklung Hilft in partnership with the United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security, the World Risk Report scores countries based on the risk of a natural disaster such as earthquakes, floods, or cyclones as well as the ability of the country to handle a disaster should it occur.

Source: WorldRiskReport

Study Limitations

An individual’s exposure to risk while traveling largely depends on the type of travel they choose and which areas of a country they visit. For example, going to a destination and staying in an all-inclusive luxury resort will often carry significantly less risk of bodily harm than staying in an area known for high crime, injury, or natural disasters. It’s impossible to account for every variable that a traveler may experience when analyzing countries as a whole. This study attempts to aggregate data taking into account a variety of factors to determine a nations overall risk profile.

Where Are the Most Dangerous Places to Travel?

Below are the 20 deadliest travel destinations:

• South Africa
• Dominican Republic
• Philippines
• Saudi Arabia
• United States

#1 Most Deadly Country: South Africa

South Africa is a beautiful and exceptionally biodiverse country that attract millions of international tourist each year. However, it also tops the list of the most deadly countries for tourists. Out of the 50 countries studied, South Africa has the highest homicide rate (36.40 per 100,000 people) and the highest number of life years lost due to communicable diseases (23,778 years per 100,000 people). The country also has the sixth-highest road traffic death rate (22.22 per 100,000 people).

South Africa scored an F in six of the seven factors used in our research study. The U.S. Department of State indicates:

“Violent crime, such as armed robbery, rape, carjacking, mugging, and ‘smash-and-grab’ attacks on vehicles, is common. There is a higher risk of violent crime in the central business districts of major cities after dark.

Demonstrations, protests, and strikes occur frequently. These can develop quickly without prior notification, often interrupting traffic, transportation, and other services; such events have the potential to turn violent.”

Why is South Africa so unsafe?

Approximately 68 people are murdered in South Africa every day. Why this occurs is a complicated question to answer, but many believe it boils down to the following reasons:

• Poverty and income inequality
• High amounts of gang violence and organized crime
• Weak, slow judicial system

Other factors like the prevalence of easy access to firearms, alcohol abuse, unemployment, and corruption have also been cited as causes for the extremely dangerous crime and hazardous living conditions within South Africa.

#2 Most Deadly Country: India

India is second on the list of most deadly countries for tourists. While the country has a relatively low homicide rate and poisoning death rate, they are the top country for deaths from poor hygiene conditions, at 18.6 per 100,000 people.

Not only is India extremely populated, but it is also has extreme income inequality, with a massive gap between the country’s richest and poorest citizens. This wealth gap means that many of India’s over 1.3 billion people live in poverty and dangerous living conditions, with an estimated 60% of its citizens surviving on little over $3 a day.

Shoddy infrastructure, substandard health, and sanitation conditions are just some of the issues that Indians face on a daily basis, with the lowest classes being forced to navigate the worst of it.

Most and least deadly by category

South Africa has the most documented incidents of homicide by a relatively large margin, with 36.4 homicides per 100,000. Mexico, the country with the second highest homicide rate, has 29.1 homicides per 100,000, and Brazil has 27.4 homicides per 100,000. The homicide rate drops significantly from there, with the remaining countries reporting 10.00 or fewer per 100,000. Notably, the US has the 7th highest rate of homicide when compared to these 50 countries.

The countries with the highest homicide death rates are:

Road Deaths

Vehicle transportation is unavoidable for most travelers, and unsafe road conditions can provide a considerable safety hazard in many countries. According to the CDC , 1.35 million people globally are killed in motor vehicle accidents every year, making this a real danger and a serious consideration when traveling to countries with more lax driving laws and poorly maintained infrastructure.

The Dominican Republic has a road death every two hours, which accounts for a significant portion of Dominican Republic deaths per year. Reasons for the dangerous road conditions are attributed to “a lethal mix of alcohol, speed and blatant disregard for traffic laws,” according to The San Diego Union-Tribune.

The countries with the highest road traffic death rates are:

Poisoning Deaths

Romania, China, and South Africa are all outliers when it comes to poisoning deaths. According one study by the NIH , China had 16,179 unintentional poisoning deaths in 2016 which made up 31% of the world’s total of 52,077 poisoning deaths that year. The details and causes of poisoning incidents in China is scattered which suggests these numbers may be underreported.

The countries with the highest poisoning death rates are:

Mortality Rate from Unsanitary Conditions

Anyone who has had traveler’s diarrhea or another food-borne illness will know how vital sanitation is when it comes to a vacation. There are ways to prevent illness from unsanitary conditions, but it’s not entirely possible to eradicate the threat of sickness in all regions.

While India is a developing country and is modernizing quickly, there’s still much progress to be made in terms of general hygiene. An estimated one in ten deaths in India is attributed to poor hygiene conditions. Similarly, South Africa is having significant issues with clean water access and available sanitation services for its citizens, though this does appear to be improving.

The countries with the highest death rates from poor hygiene:

• South Korea

Communicable Disease Deaths

Covid-19 has shown us that infectious diseases are extremely serious, but many other diseases around the world also have devastating impacts and cause countless deaths every year. These include diseases like dengue fever, malaria, measles, cholera, typhoid, yellow fever, and more. It’s always a good idea to check with your medical provider before traveling to a new region because they will have data available to ensure you are immunized against local diseases as much as possible and can take other preventative measures such as wearing insect repellant.

South Africa has over double the number of life years lost due to communicable diseases as India. Some of the diseases affecting South Africans include HIV, tuberculosis, respiratory infections, and more, according to the CDC.

The countries with the highest number of years lost from communicable diseases:

Life Years Lost to Injury

Injury in life is inevitable. You can’t prevent a broken arm or a sprained ankle anywhere in the world, but some regions are more prone to accidents or injury. This can be for various reasons, including infrastructure problems, inaccessible walkways, poorly maintained hiking paths, and much more.

South Africa has the highest years of life lost due to injuries, with many of those injuries coming from interpersonal violence and road traffic incidents. Saudi Arabia likewise reports many injuries, with most reported injuries affecting young males. These injuries were largely traffic-related.

The countries with the highest number of life years lost to injury are:

• United Arab Emirates

World Risk Index

Natural disasters are increasingly becoming a regular part of our modern life due to the impacts of climate change , and it would be unwise to fail to consider the likelihood of natural disasters when picking a travel destination. Not only should the location be factored in, but also the season. For example, many counties have significant and deadly monsoon and hurricane seasons, which can threaten tourists and locals alike.

The most dangerous country when it comes to natural disaster risk and readiness response is the Philippines, according to the annual World Risk Index. The Philippines garnered a score of 46.8. The second and third most dangerous countries are India and Indonesia, followed by Mexico and China. Notably the US and Australia ranked 7th and 8th respectively.

The countries with the highest natural disaster risk:

What Are the Safest Countries for Tourists to Visit?

Based on data for 50 of the most-visited countries in the world, these are the fifteen safest countries for tourists and their Travel Safety Index scores:

• Netherlands
• Switzerland
• United Kingdom
• Czech Republic

#1 Safest Country: Singapore

According to our index, Singapore is the least deadly country for tourists. With a very low homicide rate, road death rate, and natural disaster risk, Singapore is an excellent choice for travelers in terms of safety.

What makes Singapore so safe? Well, crime does not pay in Singapore. The consequences for committing crimes in Singapore are incredibly high, even for “smaller” crimes. This, combined with high surveillance and police presence, makes Singapore the world’s safest country for travel.

This, of course, doesn’t mean you shouldn’t still take universal safety precautions, even in Singapore. For some top travel safety tips, see the end of the article.

#2 Safest Country: Denmark

Denmark’s high safety ranking likely won’t come as a surprise to those familiar with Denmark’s reputation. The low crime rate is often attributed to strong social safety nets that keep its citizens out of poverty, which decreases petty crimes like theft and pickpocketing. Denmark also has a robust police presence, a (relatively) transparent government, and high-quality technological surveillance, which makes Denmark an uncommonly safe place to live and travel.

This level of safety and community trust made Denmark go viral recently when people on social media discovered footage of Danish mothers and fathers leaving their newborns outside to sleep in their strollers while the parents go into shops and cafés. This is a common practice and is often believed to help babies and infants sleep comfortably and develop better immune systems. The idea of trusting the general public with an infant seems like madness in many other parts of the world. This goes to show the level of safety and transparency within Denmark.

Tips for staying safe while traveling, no matter the destination

• Never travel without doing your research – Each destination, from the most to the least deadly, will have its share of challenges and hurdles. Looking up common scams in your destination city or country will help you stay sharp and mindful of dangerous tactics.
• Check the natural disaster risk for your region – Many places around the world, from Louisiana to Mumbai, are more prone to natural disasters at certain times of the year. Knowing if your destination is experiencing monsoon season, hurricane season, extreme heat or cold, and other potentially dangerous natural disasters will keep you and your family stay safe and help you avoid potentially high-risk areas.
• Practice universal safety precautions – Just because you might be in a “safe” country, don’t let your guard down. Crime, unsanitary conditions, and injuries can happen anywhere, and tourists are often targeted everywhere in the world.
• Invest in high-quality safety travel gear – Things like RFID neck wallets, money belts, and sturdy luggage locks will help keep you and your family’s items safe around pickpockets.
• Register your trip with your local embassy – Your government having a way to find you and help remove you from a dangerous situation is incredibly important. If you plan to travel internationally, see if your country has a way to report your trip before embarking on your adventure. The United States has STEP (Smart Traveler Enrollment Program), Canada has Registration of Canadians Abroad, and other countries have equivalent programs for their citizens.
• Save your embassy’s information – Speaking of embassies, know your country’s embassy information before traveling internationally. Whether you write down the embassy phone number and address on a piece of paper or add it to your phone’s cloud service, having a way to access your country’s representative embassy while traveling abroad could be lifesaving in the event of an emergency.
• Travel with a friend or family member – Solo travel can be a fun, freeing activity. But it can also open you up to more potential risks. Traveling with friends and family is often a safer alternative to solo travel.
• Don’t keep all of your cash in one place – Having all your funds in a central location could be disastrous should an emergency arise. If you get robbed, your wallet goes missing, or you get separated from the rest of your group, it’s essential to have emergency money to fall back on. Keeping extra cash in your phone case, in your shoe, or somewhere else inconspicuous may seem silly, but it could bail you out in a pinch.
• Be careful where you eat – Not all countries enforce strict sanitation standards regarding food and beverages. Check reviews, go to restaurants suggested by friends and family, and practice precautions when eating out (particularly when it comes to street food).
• Know the risks of your destination and travel accordingly – If, for example, you do some research and find that your destination may not have the safest water, you can bring a Grayl or filter bottle. Knowing what to expect by planning ahead can save money (and discomfort) during the trip.
• Have your medical information (securely) available – Nobody wants to think about the possibility of hospitalization or injury while on vacation, but it can and does happen. Memorizing your blood type, having a list of your medications and dosages, as well as any allergies and other pertinent medical info available for medical professionals to review is critical should an emergency arise.
• Hire a guide – While guides can’t reasonably protect you from all danger, they can use their local knowledge of the country to keep you safe. Many guides will provide translation services, ensure you eat in safe restaurants, and can help you avoid dangerous neighborhoods.
• Keep a family member or friend aware of your travel plans – Having a friend or family member back home know your travel itinerary could be incredibly helpful if something goes wrong.
• Listen to your intuition – If something doesn’t feel safe, seems too good to be true, or otherwise sets off “alarm bells” while traveling, trust your instincts and remove yourself if it is safe to do so.
• Always travel with insurance – You never know what can happen while traveling. Whether you’re traveling domestically or across the world, it’s always better to err on the side of caution. Travel insurance is often fairly inexpensive ( often costing less than $100 for a two-week trip ) and can save thousands in emergency expenses. See some of our guides here: Antartica , Belize , Costa Rica , Cruise , Dubai , and Europe .
• United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
• World Health Organization
• Our World in Data
• WorldRiskReport
• CNN: Seeing the new India through the eyes of an invisible woman
• Business Tech: New data shows shocking rise in violent crime in South Africa
• CNET: India spent $30 billion to fix its broken sanitation. It ended up with more problems
• The Economist: Why it is so hard to fix India’s sanitation
• Borgen Project: 10 Facts about Sanitation in South Africa
• National Library of Medicine: The high burden of injuries in South Africa
• National Library of Medicine: Burden of traumatic injuries in Saudi Arabia

9 Safest Countries in Europe: Ranked by Data (Traveler’s Guide)

Thinking of traveling to Europe? You’ve chosen well, since it’s considered to be the most peaceful region in the world, having 7 of the most peaceful countries, according to the Global Peace Index.

The safest country in Europe is Iceland. This is based on data from the Global Peace Index. It compares conflict, safety and security, and militarization. Some of the other safest countries in Europe include Ireland, Denmark, and Austria.

In this article, you’ll see the 9 safest and most peaceful countries in the continent of Europe, some travel advisories, and some sights to check out while there. Interestingly, all of these 9 countries come in at the top 15 of safest and most peaceful countries in the world.

PLEASE NOTE:  The following information on safety is not my personal opinion or from my personal experience. This comes from the 2022 Global Peace Index Report from Vision of Humanity ( Download PDF report ), which ranks 163 countries around the world. Any travel warnings listed below have been found on  travel.state.gov .

Safest European Countries: Ranking System

The Global Peace Index uses three main factors (which are divided into 23 indicators) that are assessed, then a score is given. The countries can then be compared based on this standardized set of criteria.

As a quick summary, here are the 3 main sections that determine each country’s score:

• Ongoing Domestic and Internation Conflict:  Duration and intensity of conflicts, number of deaths, and relationship to neighboring countries are some of the factors looked at.
• Societal Safety and Security:  Political instability, refugees, terrorism, violent crimes, murders, number of incarcerated, and police are some examples of this section.
• Militarisation:  Military expenses, armed services personnel, how much contributed to UN peacekeeping missions, and nuclear and heavy weapons capabilities are some points that contribute here.

The lower the score, the safer the country is considered, and the higher it is on the list. Here’s a handy map to visualize the safety of all the countries listed in the GPI.

The guide is part of an ongoing series covering the best destinations around the world.

Learn more about the  safest countries in Africa ,  Central America , South America , Latin America , and Asia . These are all part of our series about the safest countries in the world .

Safest European Countries: The List

Please note that tourist figures come from the site worlddata.info.

• Safety Score: 1.107
• Worldwide Rank: 1
• Population: 372,295 (2021)
• Capital City: Reykjavík
• Tourists Per Year: 2.2 million (2019)

Iceland, the land of fire and ice, is the top country for safety and peace, both on this list and in the world. If you’re looking for outdoor adventures, Iceland may be the place for you.

You can visit the Jokulsarln glacier lagoon to try and see the Northern Lights, enjoy a relaxing spa day at the Blue Lagoon, or explore the rugged terrain with ATV or buggy tours.

Unsurprisingly, at number one, Iceland is at a Level 1 travel advisory , “Exercise Normal Precautions”.

• Safety Score: 1.288
• Worldwide Rank: 3
• Population: 5.028 million (2021)
• Capital City: Dublin
• Tourists Per Year: 10.95 million (2019)

The Republic of Ireland (not to be confused with Northern Ireland, which is part of the UK), comes in at number 2, and number 3 in worldwide rankings.

The Emerald Isle has lots to offer. I visited once in 2015, having gone to the Chester Beatty Museum, the Stag’s Head pub, and Jameson Distillery. There’s so much more to see, and I would definitely go back a second time.

Ireland is at a Level 1 travel advisory .

• Safety Score: 1.296
• Worldwide Rank: 4
• Population: 5.857 million (2021)
• Capital City:  Copenhagen
• Tourists Per Year: 33.09 million (2019)

At number 3 on our list, Denmark is 4th worldwide, and is also considered the 2nd happiest country in the world in 2022, behind Finland and ahead of Switzerland and Iceland. You can visit the amusement park Tivoli Gardens, the historic Rosenburg Castle, or visit the birthplace of Lego and enjoy LEGOLAND in Billund.

Despite being so high on this list and in the world, Denmark is currently (as of Dec 30, 2022) at a Level 2 travel advisory due to terrorism.

Learn more about living in Denmark .

• Safety Score: 1.3
• Worldwide Rank: 5
• Population: 8.956 million (2021)
• Capital City:  Vienna
• Tourists Per Year: 31.88 million (2019)

Closing out the top 5 in the world, Austria is number 4 on the safest country list. Austria is famous for having many architectural wonders, like the Vienna Hofburg and the Fortress Hohensalzburg.

If you’re a classical music enthusiast, Vienna is for you, having been host to many famous composers like Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven. You can enjoy tours that delve into Vienna’s music history.

Austria is at a Level 1 travel advisory .

5. Portugal

• Safety Score: 1.301
• Worldwide Rank: 6
• Population: 10.3 million (2021)
• Capital City:  Lisbon
• Tourists Per Year: 17.28 million (2019)

The fifth safest country in Europe is Portugal, the oldest country on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal gets over 300 days of sun per year, so chances are you’ll get good weather traveling there. You can enjoy such attractions and sights as the Oceanário de Lisboa, the Palacio Nacional de Sintra, or take a trip out to the Azores.

Portugal is currently at a Level 1 travel advisory .

6. Slovenia

• Safety Score: 1.316
• Worldwide Rank: 7
• Population: 2.107 million (2021)
• Capital City:  Ljubljana
• Tourists Per Year: 4.7 million (2019)

Slovenia comes in as the 6th safest country in Europe. Hosting a wide variety of landscapes, anywhere from the Julian Alps to the Mediterranean, Slovenia has a little something for everyone.

You can go hiking at Steska Vintgar, enjoy the picturesque Lake Bled, or tour around the capital, Ljubljana.

Slovenia is at a Level 1 travel advisory .

7. Czechia (The Czech Republic)

• Safety Score: 1.318
• Worldwide Rank: 8
• Population: 10.7 million (2021)
• Capital City:  Prague
• Tourists Per Year: 37.20 million (2019)

Number 7 on the list is Czechia or the Czech Republic. Home to over 2,000 castles, including Prague Castle (one of the largest in the world), there’s lots to see in Czechia.

Besides castles, you can also check out the 600-year-old Prague Astronomical Clock or visit the Adršpach-Teplice Rocks.

Czechia is at a Level 1 travel advisory .

8. Switzerland

• Safety Score: 1.357
• Worldwide Rank: 11
• Population: 8.698 million (2021)
• Capital City:  Bern
• Tourists Per Year: 11.82 million (2019)

Coming in at number 8 on our list, and just outside the top 10 in the world, is Switzerland. There are a lot of wonderful things to do in this country.

You can go skiing in the many ski resorts in the country (like St. Moritz); visit such attractions as Rhine Falls or the Matterhorn; or walk around scenic cities like Zürich or Lucerne. Be warned, though, as Switzerland often tops the list of the most expensive countries to visit in Europe.

Switzerland is at a Level 1 travel advisory .

Learn more about living in Switzerland .

• Safety Score: 1.411
• Worldwide Rank: 13
• Population: 9.71 million (2021)
• Capital City:  Budapest
• Tourists Per Year: 61.4 million (2019)

Our final country on the list of safest countries in Europe is Hungary. Also known as the “Land of the Magyars”, this landlocked country in Central Europe is home to many hot springs and spa towns, like the Gellért Baths.

You can go shopping at the oldest and biggest indoor market in Budapest, aptly called the Great Market Hall. Or you can enjoy a nice river cruise on the Danube.

Hungary is at Level 1 travel advisory .

Safest European Countries: FAQ

What is the safest country in europe.

The safest country in Europe is Iceland. With a score of 1.107, Iceland also ranks as the safest country in the world.

Other safe countries include Ireland, Denmark, Austria, and Portugal.

What is the most stable country in Europe?

Iceland is the most stable country in Europe. It has been number one in the region and in the world for the last 5 GPIs, starting in 2018. Portugal, Austria, and Denmark have also been consistently in the top 5 in Europe over this timespan.

Which European country gets the most tourists?

France gets the most tourists of any country in Europe, getting 217.88 million tourists in 2019. Spain follows with 126.17 million tourists in 2019.

France has a score of 1.895, and lands as the 33rd safest country in Europe, number 65 worldwide. Spain ranks higher than France, coming in at number 20 for Europe and 29 in the world, with a score of 1.603.

Both France and Spain are at a Level 2 advisory due to terrorism and civil unrest.

What is the most dangerous country in Europe?

The most dangerous country (in terms of score) in Europe is Russia, followed closely by Ukraine and Turkey.

Russia has a score of 3.275 and a worldwide rank of 160 out of 163.

Ukraine is at 2.971, ranked 153rd in the world; and Turkey scores 2.785, ranking 145th in the world.

Unsurprisingly, Russia and Ukraine are at a Level 4 Travel advisory, Do Not Travel. Despite its higher score, Turkey is only at a Level 2 travel advisory due to terrorism and detentions.

Which European country have you been to, and what was it like? Where else would you like to visit in Europe, whether on this list or otherwise? What did we miss? Let us know in the comments below!

Hello, I'm Joshua Diegor . My love for travel began I was 18 when I went with some friends to New York City. All in all, I've traveled to 6 continents and 14 countries.

I'm a regular contributor to Storyteller Travel .

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România it’s one of the safest country in Europe.

I would say that Croatia is one of the safest countries in Europe, but it always seems to be left behind. It is also one of the most beautiful.

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Most Dangerous and Safest Countries Index

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Our index rank countries from 0-100, 0-33 being the most dangerous , 33-66 somewhat safe/dangerous,   and 66-100 the safest .

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This Is the Safest Country for Solo Travelers in 2023, According to a Study

Japan is the safest country for solo travelers.

Solo travel can be very rewarding, but it can also be challenging to find destinations that are safe and can accommodate single travelers. Now, a study from luggage storage company Bounce is spotlighting what countries are best for solo travelers.

When it comes to safety, the study found Japan is the safest country for solo travelers in 2023, thanks in part to its low crime rate. In No. 2 is Switzerland , followed by Slovenia.

But when you take other variables into account (like cost-efficient stays and the dining scene), a different nation takes the crown. Overall, Croatia is the best country for solo travelers this year. Not only does the nation have low crime, but it also has affordable accommodations (the average hostel costs just $14.31), tons of restaurants, and many outdoor activities from national parks to gorgeous beaches .

SDI Productions/Getty Images

Malta came in as the overall second-best country for solo travelers, followed by Slovenia . (The top 10 also includes Portugal, Iceland, Greece, Hungary, Spain, Singapore, and Israel.)

“Traveling alone can be one of the most rewarding and enriching experiences of someone’s life. You can explore different cultures and open your mind to new ways of living while also meeting new people,” Bounce wrote in the study. “Traveling on your own can however be a pretty daunting experience. [...] Luckily, for those thinking of embarking on a solo adventure, we have analyzed a number of popular destinations around the world to uncover which are the best, safest, and most affordable for solo travel in 2023.”

When it comes to attractions, Iceland took the top spot thanks to its sheer number of exciting sites — there are 583 attractions per every 100,000 people. (No. 2 and No. 3 were Malta and Italy, respectively.) Meanwhile, Singapore came in at No. 1 for restaurants with 212 eateries to choose from per every 100,000 people.

Sri Lanka had the cheapest transportation, the study noted. In fact, it only costs travelers an average of 16 cents for a one-way ticket on public transportation on the island nation. 

And when it comes to hostels, Croatia may have the most (19.44 hostels per 100,000 people), but Nepal has the cheapest ones, with an average cost of about $3.60 per night.

20 Safest Countries for Solo Female Travelers: The Best Trip Destinations in the World (& The 5 Worst!)

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More than ever, women from all over the world are now choosing to travel solo — this comes as no surprise because traveling alone is one of life’s most rewarding experiences. (Safest Countries for Solo Female Travelers)

In fact, in America alone, there are about 32 million women who are traveling solo and that number keeps rising every year! But… as the number of solo female travelers is rising, the number of unsafe destinations is also increasing as they are slowly being brought to light.

I long for the day that I don’t have to write about which are the safest countries for solo female travelers; but the reality is that there are just some destinations that are more dangerous than others.

Looking for more solo travel tips?

Check out my solo travel guides and female travel tips !

Thankfully, journalists Asher and Lyric Ferguson helped make my research a lot easier when they created the “ Women’s Danger Index “. They basically ranked the top 50 countries with the most international tourists in order to see which are the worst and safest to visit. To do this, they utilized 8 danger factors as they put more weight on street safety and intentional homicide:

• Safe to walk alone at night
• Intentional homicide for women
• Non-partner sexual violence
• Intimate partner violence
• Legal discrimination
• Global gender gap
• Gender inequality index
• Violence against women attitudes .

As mentioned in their findings…

To measure safety abroad, one cannot look at only data on street safety, rape, or violence. It also depends on the general attitude of the culture, the minutiae of the legal system, and the systematic oppression of local women. These issues can affect everything, from easily getting a taxi alone to having your voice be heard in a conversation, to even needing a male escort for your personal safety. . A lot on our list, such as attitudes toward partner violence may not affect solo female travelers directly, but these factors are a good indication of overall attitudes within the culture.

So for all female travelers out there who are itching to book that plane ticket and tick off their bucket list destinations, below are the top 20 safest countries for solo female travelers (ordered by rank) that are ideal for both first-time and experienced female solo travelers.

Looking for reliable travel insurance for your overall safety?

You can take your pick between SafetyWing (cheapest coverage) or with HeyMondo (a more comprehensive coverage — and if you click this link you can get a 5% discount). Please make sure to read the fine print of their policies to ensure that you are covered for your specific needs (e.g. COVID cover, etc.) . To see a detailed comparison table of these two providers, click here .

Table of Contents

» Safest Countries for Solo Female Travelers «

Photo by: Shutterstock

Aside from being the second most visited destination in the world (just next to France) , Spain turned out to be the safest country for female solo travelers as per the Women’s Danger Index. After all, it ranks high in street safety along and has low legal discrimination as well as low violence rating against women.

So apart from the aforementioned reasons, there are also plenty of other reasons to visit this beautiful country: its scenic Mediterranean coastlines, endless servings of paella, rich culture, and fabulous architecture such as the Sagrada Familia among many others!

• READ MORE: Spain Travel Guides

2. Singapore

This small island nation is considered the safest Asian country on the planet! The country scores high in more than half of the factors, with 92% of women claiming that they feel safe when walking alone at night — which I also personally find to be true.

So travel to your heart’s content when you’re in such a dynamic destination like Singapore! Marvel at how old and the new seamlessly coexist as it packs a lot of surprises for its visitors despite its small size. Some of the things you must NOT miss? As a start, don’t skip out on the Gardens by the Bay and Skyline Luge !

• READ MORE: Singapore Travel Guides Singapore Layover (Things to Do)

Ireland may not have the best weather, but you’ll love the fact that it has particularly low levels of discrimination, gender inequality, and violence against women. Not to mention, it is a breathtaking destination with laid-back cities, beautiful countryside, and vibrant culture.

So don’t forget to indulge yourself with some beer (how about a glass of Guinness ?) and explore glorious sights like the Cliffs of Moher for an incredible Irish experience!

• READ MORE: Ireland Travel Guides

For many travelers, Austria is an almost perfect country and they even say that Austrians enjoy some of the best quality of life i n Europe . This notion trickles down and reveals itself in the study as it shows how Austria has some of the lowest levels of sexual violence and lowest gender inequality among the countries reviewed.

Aside from being one of the safest countries for solo travelers, Austria is truly a must-see destination for those who have a taste for fine culture .

• READ MORE: Austria Travel Guides

5. Switzerland

Switzerland is known for its stunning landscapes and fjords which are not limited to Mount Titlis , Jungfraujoch , and Grindelwald .

Aside from such promising beauty, Switzerland is the seventh (7th) most peaceful country in the world, according to the Global Peace Index. Thus, it’s an incredibly safe country for a woman to travel alone. The country even performed very well when it came to street safety and low crime rates — I can attest to this fact because of my personal experiences.

One situation that always comes to mind was when I once left my wallet at a crowded train station to Matterhorn ; I only found out that I lost it when it was sunset ( as it was my cue to go back to my hotel ). ‘Lo and behold, the train staff held on to it and nothing was lost!

• READ MORE: Switzerland Travel Guides

If I say so myself, it comes as no surprise that Norway (or any of the Scandinavian nations) is regarded as one of the most female-friendly countries in the world. With high standards of living, crime rates are found to be extremely low even in major cities such as Oslo and Stavanger .

With that said, it’s a must to try and do a road trip through this wonderful European city and chase the northern lights , hike to the famed Trolltunga or explore Arctic fjords !

• READ MORE: Norway Travel Guides

7. Portugal

Portugal makes it to this list of the safest destinations for female travelers and it scores big points not only for its magnificent scenery but also for its good track record with women’s rights and cultures.

Some of the things to look forward to during your visit are the vibrant city of Lisbon , the dramatic views over Christ the King , and the turquoise-blue waters .

• READ MORE: Portugal Travel Guides

Officially called the Republic of Croatia, this Mediterranean paradise features sapphire waters and pristine days — perfect for those who are seeking that premium European summer experience! Thankfully as well, crime in Croatia is relatively low, making it extremely safe for solo traveling, especially for females.

So don’t miss out on this country’s beauty and consider booking yourself a tour of the Plitvice Lakes or a sailing experience . I went solo on a 7-day sailing trip from Split to Dubrovnik before and I met a lot of amazing people, ate a lot of amazing Croatian delicacies, and did a lot of amazing experiences. True enough, it was one of the most amazing Eurotrip activities that I’ve done!

• READ MORE: Croatia Travel Guides

Canada attracts solo travelers for its safety, solid women’s rights record, and diverse range of scenery. In fact, of all the countries in North America, Canada is considered the safest destination for women travelers. Besides, Canadians have this worldwide reputation of being the friendliest people, and you’ll soon see why once you set foot in this spectacular country.

To add, it is home to a wide range of landscapes, including centuries-old forests, snow-covered mountains, breathtaking countrysides , and pristine lakes.

• READ MORE: Canada Travel Guides

Did you know? This Eastern European country is regarded as the safest place in Europe according to OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) and it’s mainly due to its low crime rates and positive attitude towards tourists. Even in the capital of Warsaw , though there might be some petty crimes here and there, solo travellers and female travelers alike will still feel relatively safe, especially with how hospitable Polish people are.

For some of the top must-do’s, I recommend rediscovering the story of World War III by stopping at Auschwitz and the Schindler’s Factory .

• READ MORE: Poland Travel Guides

11. United Kingdom

Comprised of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, this historic state packs a lot of allure for visitors of any kind — no matter if it’s from their bustling cities such as London or peaceful countrysides like Windsor .

To date, much like most European countries, traveling to the United Kingdom is very safe. For years, it is regarded as one of the safest countries for solo female travelers given that violent crime is rare. Though one of the reasons why it is placed a bit lower in this list is on how it ranks low on gender inequality and this can be somehow attributed to the pervasive ‘lad culture’ that has developed in the UK. Still and the same, for as long as you keep your wits with you, travel is generally regarded as safe.

• READ MORE: United Kingdom Travel Guides

12. Netherlands

The Netherlands is a famous European destination where tradition and innovation intertwine. There is much to be desired here: from tulip fields to romantic city canal cruises , from Van Gogh paintings to the gnawing history of Anne Frank , and so much more!

And as a solo female traveler, you will be needing some caution especially in big cities like Amsterdam — but still and the same, the Netherlands is generally a safe country to explore in (your biggest concern might just be pickpockets) . Besides, the Dutch are laid-back folks who are fairly polite; plus, I have traveled to this country far too many times by myself, and I have never felt unsafe.

• READ MORE: Netherlands Travel Guides

France is the most sought-after destination in Europe, and due to this popularity and ensuing crowdedness, it’s expected that most females don’t feel fully safe at night (especially in the big city of Paris ) . Nevertheless, it still earns its spot as one of the safest countries for solo female travelers because of how it puts high regard for women’s rights.

Truth be told, the country has a low gender gap according to Ampersand. Moreover, catcalling and street harassment are outlawed and placed with hefty on-the-spot fines.

So don’t let any of your fears stop you from flying to this popular destination as you finally witness the majestic Eiffel Tower , visit the Louvre Museum , explore the fantastical castle island of Mont Saint Michel , drive through the French Riviera , and more!

• READ MORE: France Travel Guides

14. Denmark

As I previously mentioned, you should always expect Scandinavian countries to be on the list of safest countries for solo female travelers. Visitors will have little to worry about when it comes to crime, and women travelers also don’t have much to worry about when it comes to harassment. Crimes still occur, that’s a fact, but common sense should keep you out of trouble.

To make the most of your stay in Denmark, don’t forget to explore the Tivoli Gardens , take a trip to the ancient city of Roskilde, look for fossils at Møns Klint, sail a real Viking ship with the Viking Ship Museum, and so much more!

• READ MORE: Denmark Travel Guides

When it comes to solo travel, Italy is an outstanding destination: it’s relatively safe and plenty of sights or activities to keep you occupied for a while! One of my favorite destinations in the country is Rome and even if it’s crowded, female travelers like I do will generally feel safe while exploring key places like the Colosseum , the Sistine Chapel , and Roman Forum among many others!

Of course, let’s not forget the other stunning cities of Florence , Venice , Naples … aaah , I can go on and on about Italy! All in all, there is just so much to see in this country, and as a solo traveler, you will be indulging in a lot of rewarding experiences.

• READ MORE: Italy Travel Guides

16. Czech RepubliC

Rates of violent crimes are low in the Czech Republic, and even most of Prague’s areas are safe to walk around even after dark. The country just so happens to be low on the list given the bad rating for its global gender gap. But as per usual, just use common sense much like how you would in any place in the world (even your home country) and you’ll be fine here as a solo female traveler.

There is much to see, after all, in this amazing country: the Charles Bridge along with the grand Prague Castle , the quaint town of Český Krumlov , and many others.

• READ MORE: Czech Republic Travel Guides

This Scandinavian wonder earns its place in this list of safest countries for solo female travelers due to its secure and progressive environment for women. The reason why Sweden scored lower than the other Scandinavian countries is mainly due to its low rating for non-partner and intimate partner sexual violence, as well as the global gender gap.

These factors aside, Sweden is still one of the safest countries in the world and you can enjoy a number of activities, namely: chasing after Northern Lights through Lapland, hiking through the King’s Trail (Kungsleden), etc. etc.

• READ MORE: Sweden Travel Guides

18. Germany

Germany is also incredibly safe, not just for solo female travelers but also for other kinds of travelers as well. Plus, with a highly efficient rail network to take advantage of, tourists can move between central cities and most places in between with great ease!

And of course, aside from being a safe country to travel to, Germany has so much to offer — from magical castles like Neuschwanstein to stunning natural sights of Zugspitze , from vibrant Oktoberfest festivities to enriching city tours , and more!

• READ MORE: Germany Travel Guides

With over hundreds of inhabited Greek islands, tourists are highly unlikely to experience crime or violence — even more so for women. Hence, Greece is a very safe country to travel to at any time.

You might need to put more caution when traveling to more popular places like Athens, but in general, most destinations are safe with petty crime being the main crime you might have to pay heed to. But as long as you do basic precautionary measures, your trip should be smooth sailing!

Speaking of sailing, apart from trying sailing trips , you should also try sailing (or flying!) to other places to experience incredible sights such as that of Santorini , Crete , and others!

• READ MORE: Greece Travel Guides

I gotta admit, I expected Japan to be ranked higher on this list because it’s truly one of the safest countries for solo female travelers. Case in point, I’ve been traveling to this destination solo for probably more than 15 times now; I’ve walked through tiny alleys by myself in the wee hours of the night, and yet I have never felt unsafe nor encountered dangerous individuals.

So it truly came as a surprise to me to see that in the Women’s Danger Index, Japan ranked 20 out of 50. But then I realized that indeed… Japan has some problems when it comes to gender equality and attitudes toward women given that its society is still fairly misogynistic (which is deeply rooted in its old traditions and history) .

That aside, Japan is generally safe and it is even ranked 6th among the most peaceful countries in the world! With that in mind, it ticks all the other boxes: lively cities, UNESCO World Heritage Sites, hiking trails, and delectable cuisine. Beyond the well-known cities of Tokyo and Kyoto , don’t forget to explore its off-the-beaten-path spots too such as the Chubu region.

• READ MORE: Japan Travel Guides Japan Itinerary Guides

– – –

» Other Safe Destinations «

As you may have noticed by now, the Women’s Danger Index is only limited to the top 50 most popular destinations in the world for international tourists, so there are off-the-beaten-path (yet safe) countries that this research has missed out on as well as some other key destinations, namely…

1. New Zealand

I was actually surprised that this was not included in the previous top 50 list; nevertheless, New Zealand or ‘ Middle Earth ‘ (for Lord of the Rings fans) is the perfect destination for those who love adventure, sports, and nature. It is one of the safest countries in the world for solo female travelers and backpackers too given that it is the 2nd most peaceful country in the world according to the Global Peace Index.

• READ MORE: New Zealand Travel Guides

2. Australia

Australia , just like New Zealand is considered one of the safest countries in for solo female travelers. The Australian metropolis even continues to hold the crown as the Most Livable City , according to the Economist Intelligent Unit. The locals are also known for their warm hospitality and good cheer that’s why a lot of solo travelers consider backpacking around the country safe.

• READ MORE: Australia Travel Guides

Iceland has some of the lowest crime rates and it’s ranked number one as the most peaceful country in the world on the Global Peace Index! The country is also one of the best destinations for solo female travelers in search of an ultimate female adventure journey (or a road trip at that!). After all, the country is a haven for travelers who love the outdoors, with numerous waterfalls to explore , glaciers to hike and geothermal spas to soak in .

• READ MORE: Iceland Travel Guides

4. South Korea

South Korea is actually #21 on the Women’s Danger Index, so I thought that it’s worth mentioning this in this list of safest countries in the world especially because it IS safe. Much like Japan, I’ve had no problems traveling around the country as a woman; the only issue why South Korea scored low is its attitude towards women due to its society that’s similar to Japan. But don’t let this dissuade you from traveling to this amazing destination!

• READ MORE: South Korea Travel Guides

When it comes to world standards, Taiwan’s crime rate is low; so much like its other East Asian countries , it’s a destination that is pretty much safer than many other places in the world. And as a solo female traveller, you’ll love the array of things to do in Taiwan !

• READ MORE: Taiwan Travel Guides

The only explanation why this Scandinavian country is not in the top 20 is because it was not regarded as the top 50 most visited countries in the world. Nevertheless, much like its neighbors, the country is a haven for solo women travelers who are seeking for a range of exciting sights and activities!

• READ MORE: Finland Travel Guides

7. Philippines

I’m not just saying this because of bias, but primarily because the Philippines IS a safe destination for solo girl travelers. After all, the Filipinos are probably the friendliest and most hospitable people that you’ll ever meet. Add the fact that English is one of the 2 official languages in the country, you won’t have a hard time going around the islands. Just use your best instincts and ‘street smarts’ at all time to not be targeted for petty crimes.

• READ MORE: Philippines Travel Guides

8. Indonesia

Single travelers should never shy away from Indonesia’s charms because they hardly face any real threat or danger. A lot of solo travelers, after all, have been to this amazing country and they have all had a great time! Just don’t throw your common sense out of the window and you’ll have a smooth Indonesia trip right from day one.

• READ MORE: Indonesia Travel Guides

9. Thailand

This is truly a favorite destination in Southeast Asia and while Thailand is generally safe, you should still be wary of your surroundings, as well as some of the cultural norms (e.g. some temples don’t allow women, you shouldn’t sit beside Buddhist monks in public transport, etc.) . There’s much to be said about attitudes toward women, but still, it’s a relatively secure destination for females.

• READ MORE: Thailand Travel Guides

10. Namibia

This has got to be the safest country for solo travelers in Africa especially since the locals are friendly and that most towns exude a safe atmosphere for tourists (the biggest danger that you might face are wild animals) . Just do your research beforehand and you’ll be fine!

» 5 Worst Countries for Women Traveling Alone «

• DISCLAIMER : The countries in this list are those that ranked the poorest on the Women’s Danger Index that collects the top 50 most-visited countries worldwide. Naturally, this does NOT mean that you shouldn’t travel to these countries — in fact, it’s the opposite. . You should still go especially if you want to, BUT just take note that you must exercise caution due to the country’s bad record or attitudes toward women. If you’re still not confident, it doesn’t hurt to travel with a companion!

1. South Africa

When I first visited Africa, Zambian locals expressed worry when I told them that my next solo destination was South Africa . “Are you heading alone to Johannesburg?” , they asked. When I replied ‘ Cape Town ‘, they breathed a sigh of relief and added, “that’s fine, just be aware of your surroundings especially since you’re alone.” I found it odd how they reacted like that, but after careful research, their reaction made sense because the country has historically treated women cruelly, not to mention the high crime rates.

My trip to Cape Town went smoothly and though there were a few moments that I felt unsafe, I still thoroughly enjoyed my stay there! It might be because I spent most of my time driving around tourist areas ( it’s said that most crime takes place in the townships ); nevertheless, just exercise caution at all times and behave conservatively.

It might not be a surprise to you to see Brazil in this list of worst countries for solo female travelers because if you do a Google search, most articles won’t sugarcoat the reality that it’s a dangerous country — not only for women but for men too. It has a high rate of crime and most embassies will caution you to never walk alone at night and to never resist any robbery attempts.

It’s still fine to travel alone, but if you ask me, this is not the best place to start with especially if you’re a newbie or beginner solo traveler.

This is yet another surprising discovery when I went through the Women’s Danger Index because I have also traveled to Russia alone but I have never felt unsafe there — not even in the big cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg . But indeed, that’s just my experience. Apparently, this vodka-loving destination is one of the worst when it comes to legal discrimination and general attitudes towards women.

Safety is, of course, never guaranteed wherever you may be in the world but some places are riskier than others. Mexico is one of those places and this may be also expected by some of you especially because it has low ratings when it comes to street safety and violence.

Other solo travelers might argue otherwise and I’m a bit on the fence with that. I traveled to Cancun, Playa del Carmen, as well as Tulum in 2021 at a time when some cartel shootings just happened and there were a lot of army folks doing their rounds — it added a sense of security but it still felt unsafe at some times. My whole trip ended with no incident and I believe that some areas are safer than others (e.g. Valladolid); but I guess what I’m just trying to say is: just do your research and be cautious, and I’m sure you’ll be able to gauge your level of comfort.

This came as yet another surprise for me because I regard Iran as one of the safest countries in the Middle East (I guess it just scores low as compared to the rest of the top 50 most-visited places worldwide) . Though for you, you might have expected this because of how the media portrays this country; however, I urge you to do your own research so you can see how a lot of solo female travelers had no problems journeying through this country alone. You just need to prepare for some things first (e.g. knowing how wearing a hijab is mandatory in the country, knowing how there’s gender segregation in public, etc.) and you’ll be fine.

Solo female travel has since become a worldwide trend and I hope that this article helped give you some ideas on the safest countries to travel to!

Of course, there’s the reality that despite this assuring list, the chance of being harassed is still possible — however, this should never stop you from pursuing your travel dreams! A lot of women have gone through such adventures and YOU can too.

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Wonderful post! I’ve been eyeing Switzerland for a solo trip but never got the time. Once the borders are open, I will make this my first destination to travel in 2021.

You’ll definitely love it! I hope you get to go soon :D

I find all countries in South East Asia considerably more safe than ANY in mainland Europe or the UK. The reason for this is that predatory men are considerably more interested in Asian women than in taking on a European woman traveller. The countries that are predominantly Buddhist have a completely different mindset and you are very unlikely, if you take a modest and respectful approach, to experience crime. Quite the reverse…l understand that if you expose yourself to full moon parties, excessive alcohol consumption and red light districts this may not be the case.

Thanks for sharing our research, Aileen. I loved your commentary and personal experiences you included throughout the article.

I’m glad you like it! Thank you as well for the amazing research. :D

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The 20 safest countries for women to travel alone

Posted: March 12, 2024 | Last updated: March 12, 2024

New Zealand

Switzerland

The Netherlands

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10 safest countries to travel to in 2024!

Apr 12, 2024

Understanding Global Peace Index (GPI)

GPI has ranked the safest and most peaceful countries in the world for 2024. Here's a look at 10 of the safest nations in the world which are based on factors such as low crime rates, political stability, healthcare, and safety:

Topping the chart is Iceland! The country is known for its natural beauty but what makes it safest is the low crime rates, close community, strong social welfare system, and effective law.

New Zealand

New Zealand is on number two in the list. The country is known for its gorgeous natural beauty, friendly people, low crime rates and stable governance.

Ireland, on number three in the list, boasts warm and welcoming people, low crime rates, strong law and peaceful political climate.

Denmark is on the number four spot in the list. The country is famous for its high standard of living, good public services, and low crime rates.

Austria is all about beautiful cities, neat streets, and low crime rates which make it a safe place to explore.

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Portugal’s safety and security, low crime rates, a stable political government and friendly residents make it a safe destination to visit.

Slovenia’s low crime rates and stable political climate, makes it one of safest countries in the world. The country believes in environmental protection and sustainable development.

Czech Republic

What makes the Czech Republic a safe nation are the low crime rates, efficient healthcare system and a developed infrastructure.

Singapore is on the number nine spot in the list and is famous for its law-abiding citizens, strict laws, streets that are so clean, low crime rates, and efficient public services.

The number 10 spot is taken by Japan. The country, with its low crime rates, efficient public transportation, and strong sense of community, is one of the safest places in the world.

Thanks For Reading!

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Climate Forward

Trains are cleaner than planes, right.

The surprising carbon footprint of an Amtrak trip across America.

By Hiroko Tabuchi

Recently, I did something I’ve long dreamed of. I took the train across America.

The views were majestic, particularly as we swayed through the West. The Wi-Fi was bad, and the food not much better. But I wanted to do it partly because trains are cleaner than flying.

But when I got back home and crunched the numbers, I discovered something surprising: it would have been less polluting for me to have flown.

As a climate journalist, I often fly to report my articles, but I’ve always worried about the climate cost. Flying in jets that burn a lot of fuel is probably one of the most polluting things we do. By taking a flight to report on a problem, I’m basically making that problem worse by causing tons of planet-warming emissions that are heating up our planet to dangerous extremes.

So when I started to work on a story that would involve spending time with two climate scientists at Stanford University — one who wants to rid the school of fossil fuel funding, the other fully funded by Exxon — I wondered whether I could try something different.

What if I traveled from New York to Stanford by train, a method of transportation that generally has a far smaller climate footprint ?

The most direct route was to take the Lake Shore Limited train to Chicago, then the California Zephyr from Chicago to Emeryville, Calif., just outside San Francisco.

That 3,400-mile journey would take a daunting 72 hours. But I convinced my editors to let me use a work day, plus a few vacation days, to take the trip.

I was set. And I was doing my part to save the planet. Right?

Wrong. In short, I took a train across America and ended up emitting more planet-warming emissions, not less. I’ll explain why in just a bit.

The journey itself was epic . I boarded a packed train at New York Penn Station and was quickly speeding along the Hudson River at sunset. After a train change in Chicago, and traversing Iowa and Nebraska, we reached the Colorado Rockies. Our ascent from the flat plains to the green forests, then through the snow-capped Rockies, the deserts of Utah and the panoramic Sierra Nevada, was nothing short of magical.

It was also a slog. A sleeper cabin would have cost more than $2,000, so I was in an upright seat the entire trip. (Compression socks helped.) That still cost $600, about the same price flying the same route would have cost during the holiday season. I’d heard that the dining car was expensive, so I brought along vegetable sticks, crackers, cheese, hummus, instant noodles and miso soup. I tried to work on the Lake Shore Limited, but the Wi-Fi was down. There was no internet at all on the California Zephyr.

But then I did the math on my emissions.

A nonstop flight from New York to San Francisco emits, on average, about 840 pounds of carbon dioxide per economy class passenger, according to Google Flights, whose data is independently reviewed . That’s equivalent to burning 420 pounds of coal, or more than the annual emissions of someone living in Cameroon. Air travel is wildly polluting.

But what about trains? I tracked down several estimates of carbon emissions per passenger-mile, including Amtrak’s official estimate. What I got back: My cross-country train journey had emitted somewhere from 950 to 1,133 pounds of carbon dioxide per passenger.

There are a few reasons for this result. Amtrak is far cleaner than flying where its tracks are electrified, along the Northeast Corridor, from Washington to Boston. But outside the Northeast, Amtrak trains run on diesel, a highly polluting fuel.

What’s more, Amtrak’s trains are decades old. (Its single-level Amfleet cars were built in the late 1970s.) Add to that generous seat pitches, large old-fashioned private rooms for longer-distance trains, a longer, winding route across the country and “per-passenger-mile emissions go through the roof,” said Justin Roczniak , a co-host of “Well There’s Your Problem,” a podcast about engineering.

Amtrak is still the more climate-friendly option for the vast majority of travelers, who on average travel 300 to 400 miles, said Olivia Irvin, a spokeswoman for the rail company. (That is, not many people are crazy enough to go cross-country by train.) A 2022 Department of Transportation study found that traveling by train from Los Angeles to San Diego generated less than half the emissions , per passenger, of flying, or driving. For Boston to New York, an electrified route, taking the train generated less than a fifth the emissions of flying or driving.

It’s when journeys start getting longer than about 700 miles that planes start to gain an advantage on trains. Planes burn the most fuel when they take off and climb to altitude. That makes short flights very inefficient — you’re burning all that fuel only to travel a short distance. (Some countries, like France and Spain , have tried to ban the shortest flights when rail alternatives are available.)

Longer flights also tend to use larger aircraft, which provide economies of scale. And aircraft have become more fuel-efficient over the years. But choosing flights with several connections, for example, can quickly add to your footprint, because you’re taking off and landing multiple time

Flights for the same route can differ in terms of emissions by a factor of three, according to Dan Rutherford, director of research at the International Council on Clean Transportation, who advises Google on its flight emissions calculations. And comparing air and train travel can be tricky: Amtrak does not provide emissions estimates for different seat classes. Airplanes also emit other pollution like nitrogen oxides and soot, and form contrails , all of which warm the planet further.

And experts agree that aviation is going to be one of the hardest industries to decarbonize. With trains, electrification is already readily available. The technology is there. China, for example, has managed to electrify 70 percent of its train lines over the past decades and made them faster, too. And as the electric grid gets cleaner by adding more solar and wind, so will trains that run on electricity from that grid.

An electric, long-distance passenger plane is much further in our future.

Whether Amtrak will ever electrify outside of the Northeast corridor is another question, however. In America, tracks are owned by freight companies, which have resisted electrification. (Freight trains are also why some Amtrak trains stop frequently to make way. And all that stopping and starting makes America’s passenger trains even less energy-efficient.) Amtrak is currently updating its fleet with newer diesel trains, albeit ones that are less polluting and slightly faster.

One thing I did learn during my cross-country train journey: There are still a lot of Americans who love trains. The trains I took were booked solid. Among my fellow travelers were a college student traveling to see her long-distance boyfriend, and grandparents on a family trip (but they didn’t want to travel by car with their grandchildren).

But would I travel cross-country by train again? Probably not, unless Amtrak electrified the route. We can only dream.

More climate news

Only 57 oil, gas, coal and cement producers accounted for 80 percent of global fossil fuel carbon emissions in the last decade, a new report reviewed by Axios shows .

The Biden administration’s $7.5 billion investment in electric car charging has only produced seven stations in two years, The Washington Post reports .

Most of the European Union’s embattled farming subsidies go to meat and dairy products, researchers reported in The Conservation .

An earlier version of this newsletter stated incorrectly the train’s route after leaving Chicago. It traversed Iowa and Nebraska, not Indiana and Nebraska.

An earlier version of this newsletter also described incorrectly the pollution from airplanes. It contains nitrogen oxides, not nitrogen.

How we handle corrections

Hiroko Tabuchi covers the intersection of business and climate for The Times. She has been a journalist for more than 20 years in Tokyo and New York. More about Hiroko Tabuchi

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Have questions about climate change? Our F.A.Q. will tackle your climate questions, big and small .

“Buying Time,” a new series from The New York Times, looks at the risky ways  humans are starting to manipulate nature  to fight climate change.

Big brands like Procter & Gamble and Nestlé say a new generation of recycling plants will help them meet environmental goals, but the technology is struggling to deliver .

The Italian energy giant Eni sees future profits from collecting carbon dioxide and pumping it  into natural gas fields that have been exhausted.

New satellite-based research reveals how land along the East Coast is slumping into the ocean, compounding the danger from global sea level rise . A major culprit: the overpumping of groundwater.

Did you know the ♻ symbol doesn’t mean something is actually recyclable ? Read on about how we got here, and what can be done.

Guide to the 2024 total solar eclipse, gracing North American skies today: All to know

A spectacular celestial event is upon us.

Today, Monday, April 8, a total solar eclipse will cloak the Earth in darkness.

Here's everything you need to know about the total solar eclipse – also known as the Great North American Eclipse –  including how to practice safe viewing, its path of totality, the local weather forecast and more.

GUIDE TO 2024 ECLIPSE: Total solar eclipse will cross 13 U.S. states on April 8: Is Maryland in its path?

What is the eclipse's path of totality?

A total solar eclipse's path of totality is where observers located in the center of the moon's shadow will witness the moon completely cover the sun.

Totality is the only stage of the eclipse that can viewed with the naked eye, according to  NASA . Due to the sun's bright surface, special eclipse glasses must be worn for safety during every other stage.

Today, the total solar eclipse's path of totality will stretch 115 miles wide. To witness the solar eclipse, onlookers must be within its designated path.

Weather permitting, the first location in continental North America that will experience totality is Mexico’s Pacific coast at around 11:07 a.m. PDT. The eclipse will exit continental North America on the Atlantic coast of Newfoundland, Canada, at 5:16 p.m. NDT, reported  NASA .

The path of the total solar eclipse will enter the U.S. in Texas, before cutting diagonally across the country, Delmarva Now previously reported.

The eclipse will then travel through Oklahoma, Arkansas, Missouri, Illinois, Kentucky, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine. Small parts of Tennessee and Michigan will also experience the total solar eclipse, according to  NASA's map .

WHERE TO WATCH THE ECLIPSE: Solar eclipse watch events at Wallops, Maryland and DC: Where, when to get in on the fun

Here are the 13 major U.S. cities that will experience totality (note that the included times do not account for when the partial eclipse begins and ends), reported  USA TODAY :

• Dallas, Texas: 1:40-1:44 p.m. CDT
• Idabel, Oklahoma: 1:45-1:49 p.m. CDT
• Little Rock, Arkansas: 1:51-1:54 p.m. CDT
• Poplar Bluff, Missouri: 1:56-2:00 p.m. CDT
• Paducah, Kentucky: 2-2:02 p.m. CDT
• Carbondale, Illinois: 1:59-2:03 p.m. CDT
• Evansville, Indiana: 2:02-2:05 p.m. CDT
• Cleveland, Ohio: 3:13-3:17 p.m. EDT
• Erie, Pennsylvania: 3:16-3:20 p.m. EDT
• Buffalo, New York: 3:18-3:22 p.m. EDT
• Burlington, Vermont: 3:26-3:29 p.m. EDT
• Lancaster, New Hampshire: 3:27-3:30 p.m. EDT
• Caribou, Maine: 3:32-3:34 p.m. EDT

How to practice safe viewing during the total solar eclipse

NASA reminds onlookers to practice safe viewing before and after the solar eclipse. During the eclipse, special eclipse glasses or welder's goggles must be worn.

Without proper eye protection, viewers can suffer “eclipse blindness” – a serious injury in which the eye’s retina is damaged by solar radiation – within seconds of staring at the sun, according to the American Optometric Association .

The sun produces enough light to permanently damage one's retina, reported USA Today. Humans' eyes have never evolved to look at the sun without suffering severe damage. Regular, everyday sunglasses are, therefore, not safe to use.

"Keep safety your #1 priority when viewing the eclipse by knowing how to protect your eyes," the Worcester County Health Department said.

ECLIPSE RETINA DAMAGE: Can you really go blind from looking at a solar eclipse? Real life cautionary tales.

Can the total solar eclipse be seen in Maryland?

The state of Maryland is not in the solar eclipse's path of totality.

However, a partial eclipse  —  hinging on good weather and clear skies, which Delmarva may very well be handed —  will be visible throughout all 48 contiguous U.S. states, including Maryland.

A partial eclipse differs greatly from a total solar eclipse. This kind occurs when the orbiting moon passes between the sun and Earth, but the sun, moon and Earth are not perfectly lined up.

Maryland's Lower Shore will see a partial eclipse for 2 hours and 27 minutes. 83.1% of the sun will be obscured by the moon at the peak. Search for your ZIP code below or select a major city to reveal the time, duration, peak and percentage of the eclipse in your area.

Marylanders can choose to stay put for the partial eclipse or travel to see more. Those who want to travel to witness the total eclipse won't have to go too far. The total solar eclipse will be visible in cities such as Erie, Pennsylvania; Cleveland, Ohio; and Buffalo, New York.

TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE: When is the solar eclipse in Salisbury, Delmarva? Search by ZIP code

Weather forecast for Salisbury, Ocean City for solar eclipse day

Here's what residents of Salisbury and Ocean City, Md., can expect for today's weather forecast.

Accuweather says Salisbury can expect sunny to partly cloudy skies, with a daytime high of 62 degrees and nighttime low of 46 degrees. There will be a 6 percent chance of precipitation and southwest winds of 8 miles per hour.

In Ocean City, onlookers can also expect sunny to partly cloudy skies, with a daytime high of 56 degrees and a nighttime low of 48 degrees. There will be a 4 percent chance of precipitation and south-southwest winds of 8 miles per hour.

Olivia Minzola covers communities on the Lower Shore. Contact her with tips and story ideas at  [email protected] .

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Solar eclipse 2024: Follow the path of totality

Solar eclipse, what you need to know to watch monday's total solar eclipse.

The NPR Network

A stunning celestial event is visible across the country Monday, when the moon crosses directly in front of the sun: a total solar eclipse. For those in the path of totality, there will be a few brief moments when the moon completely covers the sun and the world becomes dark.

Traveling for totality? Skip ahead.

This will be the last chance to catch a total solar eclipse in the continental U.S. for about 20 years, so here's what you need to know to safely enjoy!

When is the eclipse?

April 8, 2024 there will be a total solar eclipse that crosses from the Pacific coast of Mexico through the United States.

What is totality and why it matters

According to NASA , totality will start around 11:07 a.m. PDT/1:07 EDT in Mexico and leave Maine at around 1:30 pm PDT/3:30 pm EDT.

Here's what time the eclipse will be visible in your region

Check out this table for when the partial eclipse and totality are visible in each region or check by zip code here.

A partial solar eclipse will be visible across the contiguous United States, so even if you're not directly in the path, you should be able to see something special, weather permitting.

Unable to get to totality? We'll be sharing highlights here from across the NPR Network throughout the day Monday if you can't see it in real time.

Where to see totality?

More than 30 million people live in the path of totality for Monday's eclipse, and many more in nearby areas.

Here's what we know about Monday's weather forecast.

Why totality matters

As NPR's Neil Greenfieldboyce explains , "During a total eclipse, the sky darkens suddenly and dramatically . The temperature drops. Stars come out. Beautiful colors appear around the horizon. And the once-familiar sun becomes a black void in the sky surrounded by the glowing corona — that's the ghostly white ring that is the sun's atmosphere."

Eclipse Science

For april's eclipse, going from 'meh' to 'omg' might mean just driving across town.

A partial eclipse, while still a fun experience, is hardly as dramatic. Those with a view of the partial eclipse will see crescent-shaped shadows like those seen here in 2017.

How to watch safely

If you plan to look directly at the eclipse (partial or totality), you're going to need eclipse glasses handy because looking directly at the sun without proper protection ( traditional sunglasses don't count! ) can be harmful to your eyes.

The perfect celestial soundtrack to the total solar eclipse

As NPR's Joe Hernandez explains, "Proper eye protection must be worn throughout a total solar eclipse — except for the roughly 3 1/2 to 4 minutes when the moon fully obscures the sun, a brief period known as 'totality.' (You will need to take your glasses off during totality to actually see it.)"

If you don't have access to eclipse glasses, you can get crafty with things you have around the house ( like some of us did back in 2017!) More on that here.

Traveling for totality?

The celestial event is driving a ton of domestic travel to the path of totality. If you're headed out of town to view the eclipse, here are some NPR Network resources for areas in the path of totality:

Texas The path of totality crosses through the Lone Star State, with some areas expecting a possible influx of visitors in the hundreds of thousands to catch prime viewing. Our member stations across the state have gathered local resources to help you navigate the region and the eclipse!

• San Antonio: Check out the latest from Texas Public Radio
• Dallas: Explore KERA's coverage for the latest
• Austin: Head to KUT for the best local resources

Arkansas The eclipse will be cutting through the state, putting Little Rock in the path of totality. Check out Little Rock Public Radio for local resources.

The southwestern edge of the state will be well-positioned to witness the total solar eclipse this year. Kentucky Public Radio is covering the eclipse throughout the region, from Kentuckiana eclipse mania to the University of Louisville's free class about the celestial event. Keep an eye on WKMS for the latest local updates.

Missouri The southeastern corner of the state will be in the path of totality, crossing across towns like Whitewater and Ste. Genevieve. Head to St. Louis Public Radio for local coverage and resources. Illinois Carbondale seems to have won the eclipse lottery, being in the path of totality both in 2017 and for this year's eclipse . For resources from across the state, check out Illinois Public Media .

Indiana A huge portion of the state will be within the path of totality, giving cities across Indiana, including Bloomington and Indianapolis, prime viewing of the eclipse.

• Bloomington: Check out Indiana Public Media
• Indianapolis: Head to WFYI for the latest
• Fort Wayne: Just north of the path of totality, WBOI has resources for the Allen County area

Ohio The Buckeye State is getting bisected by this year's path of totality, plunging a number of the state's most populous areas into darkness for a few minutes on Monday.

• Cleveland: Head to Ideastream Public Media for the latest.
• Columbus: With the capital city just south of totality, head to WOSU for regional resources.
• Cincinnati: Totality will just miss the border town. Here are some tips from WVXU on how to navigate the eclipse in the region.

Pennsylvania Only the northwestern-most corner of the state will catch totality, with views from the lakeside in Erie being particularly well-positioned for a stunning viewing experience. WESA has more from across the region.

Plan to watch the eclipse from a wild mountain summit? Be ready for harsh conditions

New York Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse and Plattsburgh will fall under the path of totality on Monday. If you're planning to travel to the region for the best views, here are some local resources to stay safe and informed:

• Buffalo: Head to WBFO for the latest
• Syracuse: WAER has more on plans in the Salt City
• North Country: NCPR has the latest from across the region, as well as information on local viewing events to check out

Vermont The Green Mountain State will see totality across its most populous region, including Burlington and Montpelier, as well as the Northeast Kingdom on the Canadian border. Vermont Public has everything you need to know to navigate your time in the region to enjoy the eclipse safely. New Hampshire The northernmost region of the Granite State will be in the path of totality, providing prime viewing to those in Coos County. NHPR has info on local events, travel updates as well as special coverage with New Hampshire Public Television. Maine The last state in the path of totality in the U.S., much of Northern Maine will be positioned for prime viewing. The rural region is preparing for an influx of visitors, and safety officials are encouraging visitors and locals alike to be prepared. Maine Public will be covering the eclipse and has everything you need to know to navigate the region safely.

How to document the eclipse safely

With the ease of cell photography , it can be tempting to reach for your phone to document the eclipse and the moments of totality, but make sure to do so safely.

As NPR's Scott Neuman explains , "For starters, you'll need to wear eclipse glasses or similar protective eye gear while aiming your camera or even just observing the eclipse."

Feeling ambitious? Here are a few more tips.

Or if you're not inclined to capture the moment visually, you lean into some other forms of creative expression. Indiana, for example, has named Linda Neal Reising the official poet in the state for this year's eclipse.

As former NPR reporter and eclipse superfan David Baron shared with Life Kit , viewing totality "[is] like you've left the solar system and are looking back from some other world."

So consider focusing on being present in the moment to enjoy the celestial spectacle.

More resources to enjoy the eclipse

• Sharing the eclipse with tiny humans? Check out these kid-friendly total solar eclipse learning guides from Vermont Public's But Why, and this great explainer from KERA Kids on the difference between a solar and a lunar eclipse.
• Want to see how a solar eclipse alters colors? Wear red and green on Monday
• Plan to wander into the wild for the best view? Here are some tips from outdoor experts.
• Tips from Bill Nye on the best ways to enjoy the eclipse.

NPR will be sharing highlights here from across the NPR Network throughout the day Monday if you're unable to get out and see it in real time. NPR's Emily Alfin Johnson compiled these resources.

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