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Hoggar: Exploring the Spectacular Landscapes of Algeria’s Hidden Gem

Located in the southern part of Algeria, Hoggar is a hidden gem that often goes unnoticed by travelers. This vast and diverse region is home to breathtaking landscapes, unique flora and fauna, and a rich cultural heritage. While popular tourist destinations like Paris and Marrakech may steal the spotlight, exploring lesser-known destinations like Hoggar can offer a truly authentic and off-the-beaten-path experience. In this article, we will delve into the geographical and historical significance of Hoggar, explore its spectacular landscapes, learn about its unique flora and fauna, discover its cultural heritage, and discuss the various activities that make Hoggar an adventurer’s paradise.

The Geographical and Historical Significance of Hoggar

Hoggar is characterized by its rugged mountain ranges, vast desert plains, and deep canyons. The Ahaggar Mountains, also known as the Hoggar Mountains, dominate the landscape with their majestic peaks and volcanic formations. These mountains are not only visually stunning but also hold great historical significance. They were once part of the trans-Saharan trade routes that connected North Africa with sub-Saharan Africa. Caravans would traverse these mountains, carrying goods such as gold, salt, and slaves. The history of Hoggar is also marked by the presence of ancient civilizations, as evidenced by the rock art and cave paintings found throughout the region.

The Spectacular Landscapes of Hoggar: A Visual Treat

Hoggar is a visual treat for nature lovers and adventure enthusiasts alike. The Ahaggar Mountains offer breathtaking views of towering peaks, deep gorges, and vast expanses of desert. Tassili n’Ajjer, a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in southeastern Hoggar, is known for its stunning rock formations and prehistoric cave paintings. The landscapes of Hoggar are ever-changing, with shifting sand dunes, rocky plateaus, and lush oases dotting the region. Whether you’re exploring the vast desert plains or hiking through the rugged mountains, Hoggar’s landscapes are sure to leave you in awe.

The Unique Flora and Fauna of Hoggar: A Biodiversity Hotspot

Despite its arid climate, Hoggar is home to a surprising variety of plant and animal life. The region’s diverse ecosystems support a wide range of species, many of which are endemic to the area. The flora of Hoggar includes hardy desert plants such as acacias, tamarisks, and date palms, as well as rare and endangered species like the Saharan cypress. The fauna of Hoggar is equally impressive, with species such as the Barbary sheep, Dorcas gazelle, and African wild dog calling this region home. Preserving Hoggar’s biodiversity is crucial for maintaining the delicate balance of its ecosystems and ensuring the survival of its unique plant and animal species.

The Cultural Heritage of Hoggar: A Blend of Berber and Islamic Traditions

Hoggar is not only a haven for nature enthusiasts but also a treasure trove of cultural heritage. The region is home to the Tuareg people, a nomadic Berber group known for their distinctive blue robes and intricate silver jewelry. The Tuareg have inhabited Hoggar for centuries and have preserved their traditional way of life despite modern influences. Islamic traditions also play a significant role in Hoggar’s cultural heritage, with mosques and religious festivals being an integral part of the local community. Exploring Hoggar’s cultural heritage offers a glimpse into a way of life that has remained largely unchanged for centuries.

Trekking and Hiking in Hoggar: An Adventurer’s Paradise

For adventure enthusiasts, Hoggar offers a wide range of trekking and hiking opportunities. The Ahaggar Mountains provide a challenging yet rewarding terrain for experienced hikers. From scaling the peaks of Mount Tahat, the highest peak in Algeria, to exploring the deep canyons and hidden valleys, there is no shortage of adventure in Hoggar. The region’s diverse landscapes also offer a variety of trekking options, from traversing the vast desert plains to hiking through lush oases. Whether you’re an experienced mountaineer or a novice hiker, Hoggar has something to offer for everyone.

Camping in Hoggar: A Surreal Experience Under the Starry Skies

Camping in Hoggar is an experience like no other. The region’s remote and untouched landscapes provide the perfect backdrop for a night under the stars. As the sun sets over the desert, the sky comes alive with a dazzling display of stars, offering a surreal and awe-inspiring sight. Camping in Hoggar allows you to disconnect from the outside world and immerse yourself in the tranquility of nature. Whether you choose to camp in the desert or near one of the region’s oases, spending a night under the starry skies of Hoggar is an experience you won’t soon forget.

Exploring the Cave Paintings and Rock Art of Hoggar: A Journey Through Time

Hoggar is home to some of the most significant rock art and cave paintings in the world. The Tassili n’Ajjer plateau is particularly renowned for its prehistoric rock art, which dates back thousands of years. These ancient artworks provide a glimpse into the lives of early civilizations and offer valuable insights into their culture and way of life. Exploring Hoggar’s cave paintings and rock art is like taking a journey through time, allowing you to connect with the past and gain a deeper understanding of human history.

The Local Cuisine of Hoggar: A Gastronomical Delight

No visit to Hoggar would be complete without sampling its unique cuisine. Traditional Berber dishes such as couscous, tagines, and flatbreads are staples of the local cuisine. The use of aromatic spices and fresh ingredients gives these dishes a distinct and flavorful taste. Hoggar is also known for its dates, which are grown in the region’s oases and are a popular ingredient in many desserts. Trying the local cuisine in Hoggar is not only a gastronomical delight but also a way to support the local economy and experience the authentic flavors of the region.

Sustainable Tourism in Hoggar: Preserving the Natural and Cultural Treasures of Algeria

As more travelers discover the beauty of Hoggar, it is essential to promote sustainable tourism practices to preserve its natural and cultural treasures. Responsible tourism in Hoggar means respecting the environment, supporting local communities, and preserving the region’s cultural heritage. Travelers can minimize their impact by following Leave No Trace principles, supporting local businesses, and engaging in cultural exchanges with respect and sensitivity. By practicing sustainable tourism, we can ensure that future generations can continue to enjoy the beauty and richness of Hoggar.

Hoggar is a destination that offers a unique blend of natural beauty, cultural heritage, and historical significance. From its spectacular landscapes to its diverse flora and fauna, Hoggar has something to offer for every traveler. Exploring this hidden gem allows you to step off the beaten path and immerse yourself in an authentic and unforgettable experience. As you plan your next adventure, consider venturing to Hoggar and discovering the wonders that await in this lesser-known destination. By visiting and preserving Hoggar, we can ensure that its natural, cultural, and historical treasures are enjoyed by future generations.

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The Ahaggar Mountains, also known as the Hoggar Mountains, stand tall and proud in southern Algeria, inviting adventurous hikers to explore their majestic peaks, rugged landscapes, and rich cultural heritage. This awe-inspiring mountain range offers a unique blend of dramatic vistas, hidden oasis towns, and the fascinating Berber culture. In this guide, we will delve into the wonders of the Ahaggar Mountains, unveiling the treasures that await hikers who are ready to embark on an extraordinary expedition in this captivating region.

The Hoggar Mountains, also known as the Ahaggar Mountains, are a highland region located in southern Algeria, in North Africa. They form part of the Sahara Desert and are considered one of the most prominent mountain ranges in the area.

The Hoggar Mountains cover an area of approximately 550,000 square kilometers (212,000 square miles) and are characterized by their vast expanse of rocky and arid terrain. The highest peak in the range is Mount Tahat, which reaches an elevation of 2,918 meters (9,573 feet) above sea level. The mountains are composed mainly of volcanic rocks and are dotted with several volcanic peaks and calderas.

The region is home to a number of indigenous people, including the Tuareg, who have a rich cultural heritage and have adapted to the harsh desert environment. They have traditionally practiced nomadic herding and have been able to navigate the challenging landscape of the Hoggar Mountains for centuries.

The Hoggar Mountains attract tourists and adventurers from around the world who are drawn to the unique natural beauty of the region. Visitors can explore the rugged landscapes, hike to the mountain peaks, discover ancient rock art sites, and experience the traditional Tuareg way of life.

The Hoggar Mountains offer a striking contrast to the surrounding desert, with their dramatic peaks, deep canyons, and occasional oasis. The scenery is particularly breathtaking during sunrise and sunset when the mountains are bathed in hues of orange and red.

1. Exploring the Ahaggar Mountains: A Hiker’s Paradise

The Ahaggar Mountains, with their striking beauty and geological diversity, provide a true paradise for hikers seeking a memorable adventure. These ancient volcanic mountains, formed over millions of years, showcase towering peaks, deep canyons, and vast plateaus. As you hike through the Ahaggar Mountains, you will be greeted by breathtaking panoramic views, dramatic rock formations, and the serene silence of the desert. The vastness and grandeur of this landscape will leave you in awe and ignite a sense of wonder and exploration.

2. Tamanrasset: Gateway to the Ahaggar Mountains

Tamanrasset, the largest city in southern Algeria, serves as the gateway to the Ahaggar Mountains. This bustling desert city is an ideal starting point for hikers, offering access to various hiking trails and essential amenities. Before venturing into the mountains, take the time to explore Tamanrasset’s vibrant markets, where you can immerse yourself in the local culture, interact with friendly locals, and sample traditional Algerian cuisine. Stock up on supplies, gather information about the hiking routes, and prepare for the adventure that lies ahead.

3. Assekrem: The Sacred Mountain and Astronomical Delight

Assekrem, a prominent peak in the Ahaggar Mountains, holds deep spiritual significance and offers an unforgettable astronomical experience. Hiking to the summit of Assekrem is a popular pilgrimage for many visitors, as it is home to a tranquil monastery founded by Charles de Foucauld, a French Catholic hermit. From this elevated vantage point, you can witness breathtaking sunrises and sunsets, casting a warm golden hue over the surrounding landscape. As night falls, the clear desert skies transform into a celestial spectacle, revealing a tapestry of stars that will leave you in awe of the universe’s vastness.

4. Immersing in Berber Culture: Meeting the Tuareg People

The Ahaggar Mountains are inhabited by the Tuareg people, a nomadic Berber community known for their resilience, hospitality, and vibrant cultural traditions. While hiking in the Ahaggar Mountains, take the opportunity to immerse yourself in the rich Berber culture by visiting traditional Tuareg villages. Engage in conversations with the locals, learn about their customs and way of life, and witness their exquisite craftsmanship, particularly their intricate silver jewelry and vibrant textiles. The Tuareg people’s deep connection with the land and their profound knowledge of the desert will enrich your hiking experience and provide insights into a centuries-old heritage.

5. Mount Tahat: Conquering the Highest Peak in Algeria

Mount Tahat, towering at an impressive height of 3,003 meters, proudly holds the title of being the highest peak in Algeria. Embarking on the journey to conquer Mount Tahat requires physical endurance and careful preparation, but the rewarding views from the summit make every step worthwhile. As you ascend the mountain, you will witness the landscape transform, from rocky terrain to snow-capped peaks during the winter months. Reaching the summit of Mount Tahat offers an exhilarating sense of accomplishment and provides an unmatched perspective of the surrounding Ahaggar Mountains.

6. Hiking Tips and Safety Precautions

While embarking on a hiking adventure in the Ahaggar Mountains, it is crucial to prioritize safety and be well-prepared for the journey. Here are a few essential tips and precautions to consider:

• Plan your itinerary : Research the hiking trails, estimate the required time and difficulty level, and plan your itinerary accordingly.
• Pack appropriate gear : Wear comfortable and sturdy hiking boots, dress in layers to accommodate temperature changes, carry a sun hat, sunglasses, sunscreen, and sufficient water and food supplies.
• Inform others about your plans : Share your hiking plans with a trusted individual and notify them of your expected return time.
• Stay hydrated : In the desert environment, staying hydrated is crucial. Drink plenty of water and replenish your supplies whenever possible.
• Respect the environment : Follow the principles of Leave No Trace, minimize your impact on the natural surroundings, and avoid littering.

By following these tips and taking necessary precautions, you can ensure a safe and enjoyable hiking experience in the Ahaggar Mountains.

Hoggar Mountains

The Hoggar Mountains/Ahaggar Mountains in Algeria beckon hikers with their majestic peaks, breathtaking vistas, and the rich cultural tapestry of the Tuareg people. From the awe-inspiring landscapes of Assekrem to the exhilarating challenge of conquering Mount Tahat, the Ahaggar Mountains offer a truly transformative experience. As you traverse this ancient mountain range, immerse yourself in the Berber culture, and witness the raw beauty of the desert, you will embark on a journey that will nourish your spirit and leave an indelible mark on your soul. So, lace up your boots, embrace the spirit of adventure, and embark on a majestic hiking expedition in the Ahaggar Mountains of Algeria.

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Home » Africa » National Parks in Algeria

Ahaggar National Park in Algeria, Africa

• 1 Geography
• 2 Biodiversity
• 3 Culture and Heritage
• 5 Conservation
• 7 Photo Gallery
• 8 References

Located in the heart of the Sahara, Ahaggar National Park is a gem of nature and culture in Algeria . Covering an area of over 450,000 square kilometers, this park is a testament to the rich history and unique biodiversity of the region.

Ahaggar National Park is renowned for its breathtaking landscape of mountains, plateaus, and sand dunes. The Ahaggar Mountains, also known as the Hoggar Mountains, are a prominent geographical feature in the park. The climate in Ahaggar is typically desert-like, with extreme temperatures and scarce precipitation.

Biodiversity

Despite the desert conditions, Ahaggar is home to a diversity of wildlife . The flora includes various plant species adapted to desert life, while the fauna comprises a variety of animals, from gazelles to fennecs, the desert fox.

Culture and Heritage

Ahaggar National Park is inhabited by the Tuareg population , known for their rich culture and traditions. Additionally, the park hosts numerous rock art and archaeological sites that bear witness to the region’s long history.

Ahaggar National Park is a popular destination for nature and culture enthusiasts. Touristic activities include hiking, wildlife observation, and visits to cultural sites. The best time to visit is during the cooler months, from November to February.

Conservation

Despite its significance, Ahaggar National Park faces several conservation challenges. Poaching, climate change, and human development threaten the park’s biodiversity. Nevertheless, efforts are being made to protect and preserve this valuable ecosystem. Ahaggar National Park is a treasure of Algeria, offering a unique insight into desert biodiversity and the rich Tuareg culture. Despite the challenges, it remains a must-visit destination for nature and culture lovers.

Discover the location and highlights of Ahaggar National Park in Algeria with our detailed map. Explore its trails, mountains, and main attractions before embarking on your adventure in this natural wonder.

Photo Gallery

• Scheffel, Richard L.; Wernet, Susan J., eds. (1980). Natural Wonders of the World. United States of America: Reader’s Digest Association, Inc. pp. 32–33. ISBN 0-89577-087-3.
• Sattin, Anthony Ham, Nana Luckham, Anthony (2007). Algeria (1st ed.). Footscray, Vic.: Lonely Planet. p. 188. ISBN 978-1741790993. assekrem.
• "Ahaggar National Park, Saharan Algeria Region, Algeria". Algeria.com. Retrieved 27 May 2020. Hogan, C. Michael (2009). "Painted Hunting Dog: Lycaon pictus". GlobalTwitcher.com. N. Stromberg. Archived from the original on December 9, 2010.
• Busby, G. B. J. (2006). The Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) in Northern Africa : A Non-Invasive Genetic Study of Carnivores from the Ahaggar Mountains, Southern Algeria (PDF) (Master’s thesis). Imperial College London. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-09-21. Retrieved 2010-09-22.
• Busby, G. B. J.; Gottelli, D.; Durant, S.; et al. (November 2006). "A Report from the Sahelo Saharan Interest Group – Office du Parc National de l’Ahaggar Survey, Algeria (March 2005) – Part 5: Using Molecular Genetics to study the Presence of Endangered Carnivores" (PDF). Unpublished Report. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2010-09-22.
• Belbachir, F.; Pettorelli, N.; Wacher, T.; Belbachir-Bazi, A. & Durant, S.M. (2015). "Monitoring rarity: the critically endangered Saharan cheetah as a flagship species for a threatened ecosystem". PLOS ONE. 10 (1): e0115136. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1015136B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0115136. PMC 4309643. PMID 25629400.
• Agence France-Presse (24 May 2020). "Critically Endangered Saharan Cheetah Seen in Algeria For The First Time in a Decade". Sciencealert.com. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
• Brito, J. C.; Martínez-Freiría, F.; Sierra, P.; et al. (2011). "Crocodiles in the Sahara Desert: An Update of Distribution, Habitats and Population Status for Conservation Planning in Mauritania". PLOS One. 6 (2): e14734. Bibcode:2011PLoSO…614734B. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.293.4325. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014734. PMC 3045445. PMID 21364897.
• Haggett, Peter (2001). Encyclopedia of World Geography. Marshall Cavendish. ISBN 0-7614-7289-4. Ham, Anthony (2007). Algeria. Lonely Planet. p. 188.

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Ahaggar National Park

The park is a rich eco-system of not only towering jagged rock mountains but also unique vegetation. The west sahara montane Xeric vegetation or woodlands are a sight habitat for the park while isolated areas in the park have perennial grasslands for where several species of wild animals are found in Hoggar Algeria National park. Permanent vegetation, including shrubs, and stands of acacia and tamarix trees, is largely restricted to the flat gravel drainage lines which lie between the mountains.

Ahaggar Mountains

Ahaggar Mountains are dominant sight of the landscape of the park and it is from these mountains that the park was named. This active volcanic range is actually rugged and a few parts of the slopes are covers in montane xeric woods and other exotic plant species you’ll not find anywhere else in Africa. The highest peak of the mountains Tahat is found in the park raising toe a towering 3,003m above sea level.

Wildlife in Ahaggar National Park

There are several desert cheetahs in Ahaggar National park. These cheetahs are a globally endangered species rarely sighted in the park. Nevertheless, a Cheetah conservation Fund is run at the park to help protect these rare animals from being killed by the nomads in the area who complain of the predator’s role in the declining livestock numbers. By visiting the park on an

Algeria tour

, you are indirectly or directly contributing to the conservation efforts.

Other animals in the park include the Barbary sheep, genets, wild cat, mongoose, leopards, golden jackals, Ruppell’s foxes, sand cats, fennecs, addax, dama gazelle and the endangered painted hunting dog among many others

Hoggar Mountains: Algeria’s Natural Majesty

Introduction:.

Stretching across the southern expanse of Algeria, the Hoggar Mountains emerge as a majestic testament to the country’s diverse and awe-inspiring landscapes. In this exploration, we will ascend into the heart of the Hoggar, unveiling its towering peaks, ancient rock formations, and the unparalleled natural wonders that define this rugged and enchanting region.

1. Towering Peaks and Panoramic Vistas:

The Hoggar Mountains, often referred to as the Ahaggar, form a captivating geological wonder in Algeria, and among its prominent features, Mount Tahat proudly reigns as the country’s highest peak. Scaling the majestic heights of the Ahaggar Mountains offers adventurers a transformative experience, as they find themselves immersed in the rugged beauty and ancient allure of this remarkable landscape.

Mount Tahat, at an elevation of approximately 2,918 meters (9,573 feet), stands as a testament to nature’s grandeur. As explorers ascend its rocky slopes, they are met with a sense of awe and accomplishment, rewarded by breathtaking panoramic views that stretch across the expansive Saharan terrain. The play of light and shadow on the rugged surfaces of the mountains creates a mesmerizing spectacle, especially during sunrise and sunset.

The Saharan panorama from these summits unveils a vast expanse of golden dunes, contrasting against the deep blue sky. The interplay of colors, with the earthy tones of the mountains blending seamlessly into the sandy hues of the desert, creates a visual symphony that captivates the senses. It’s a stark reminder of the resilient beauty that thrives in one of the world’s most arid regions.

Moreover, the Hoggar Mountains are not merely a geological marvel; they hold cultural significance as well. The region is home to the Tuareg people, nomadic inhabitants whose traditions and lifestyle are intricately connected to the harsh yet captivating environment of the Ahaggar. Exploring these mountains provides a glimpse into the rich cultural tapestry woven by the resilient communities that have called this rugged terrain home for generations.

2. Geological Marvels:

Carved by centuries of wind and weather, the Hoggar Mountains reveal striking geological formations. From dramatic canyons to eroded rock arches, the landscape narrates a tale of natural forces shaping this rugged terrain into a masterpiece of stone and sand.

3. Tassili n’Ajjer Connection:

The Hoggar Mountains are closely linked with the Tassili n’Ajjer National Park , forming a continuous expanse of ancient landscapes. Together, they create a harmonious mosaic of rock art. Eountainous terrain, and expansive desert stretches, showcasing Algeria’s geological and cultural richness.

4. Saharan Biodiversity:

Despite the Sahara’s arid reputation, the Hoggar Mountains defy expectations by hosting a remarkable biodiversity. Contrary to the barren stereotype, these rugged peaks conceal a thriving ecosystem where flora and fauna have ingeniously adapted to the challenging desert environment. The Hoggar’s oases, nestled amidst the rocky expanses, emerge as verdant havens, creating a surprising refuge for diverse wildlife.

In these hidden pockets of lushness, resilient plant species display an impressive array of adaptations to survive the harsh conditions. Succulents, such as the iconic aloe vera, store water in their fleshy leaves, while hardy shrubs like the desert holly strategically conserve moisture. These plant adaptations not only ensure their own survival but also contribute to the overall ecological resilience of the region.

The surprising biodiversity extends beyond the plant kingdom, as a variety of animals have carved out a niche in the Hoggar’s unique ecosystem. Desert-adapted species, including the elusive Fennec fox, agile Barbary macaques, and the endangered Barbary leopard, find sanctuary in the mountainous terrain. The oases, with their life-sustaining water sources, become critical habitats supporting a diverse array of bird species, from migratory birds to those uniquely adapted to the arid landscape.

Moreover, the interconnectedness of the flora and fauna in the Hoggar Mountains contributes to the delicate balance of this ecosystem. Insects, such as pollinators, play a crucial role in sustaining plant life, forming a web of life that persists against the backdrop of the rocky expanses. This unexpected biodiversity challenges preconceived notions about the limitations of life in arid environments.

5. Cultural Significance:

The Hoggar Mountains have been inhabited by Tuareg nomads for centuries. The nomadic communities, with their distinctive blue attire, have forged a deep connection with the mountains. Embodying a unique way of life that harmonizes with the challenging Saharan environment.

6. Ancient Rock Art Galleries:

The Hoggar Mountains stand as a living testament to prehistoric art, adorned with ancient rock paintings and engravings that grace the canyons and rocky surfaces. These mesmerizing galleries offer a fascinating glimpse into the rituals, fauna, and daily lives of the people who called this region home thousands of years ago.

The rock art of the Hoggar serves as an open-air museum, preserving the cultural heritage of ancient communities. Intricately detailed paintings depict scenes of daily life, showcasing activities such as hunting, gathering, and communal rituals. Animals that were once abundant in the region, now perhaps extinct or rare, are immortalized on the rock canvases, providing valuable insights into the fauna that once thrived in this area.

Beyond mere depictions of daily life, the rock art of the Hoggar Mountains also unveils the spiritual and ritual practices of its ancient inhabitants. Symbolic representations, abstract patterns, and scenes of ceremonial gatherings offer a window into the belief systems and customs that shaped the cultural identity of these prehistoric communities. The art serves as a visual language, transcending time to connect us with the spiritual dimensions of those who left their mark on the Hoggar’s rugged canvas.

The significance of these ancient artworks extends beyond their aesthetic appeal; they are crucial archaeological treasures. Researchers and historians delve into the details of the rock art to unravel the mysteries of the past, piecing together the story of human existence in this harsh yet captivating landscape. The preservation of these cultural imprints is not only a testament to the enduring nature of art but also an opportunity for contemporary society to connect with its ancestral roots.

7. Assekrem Plateau:

Perched high in the Hoggar Mountains, the Assekrem Plateau offers a breathtaking vantage point to witness the Sahara’s vastness. As night falls. Stargazers are treated to an unobstructed view of the celestial wonders, making Assekrem one of the world’s prime stargazing locations.

8. Traditional Tuareg Hospitality:

Encounters with Tuareg nomads on the slopes of the Hoggar Mountains offer travelers a glimpse into the nomadic way of life. Tuareg hospitality. Marked by warm welcomes and shared stories around a campfire, adds a human touch to the rugged grandeur of the landscape.

9. Conservation Efforts:

Preserving the delicate ecosystems of the Hoggar Mountains is a priority. Conservation initiatives aim to protect the region’s unique biodiversity. Maintain the delicate balance of its flora and fauna, and ensure sustainable tourism practices.

10. Adventure and Exploration:

The Hoggar Mountains beckon adventurers seeking an immersive experience in nature. Whether hiking through rocky canyons, camping under the Saharan stars. Or exploring ancient petroglyphs, the Hoggar offers a thrilling canvas for those who yearn for untamed landscapes.

Conclusion:

The Hoggar Mountains, with their towering peaks, ancient heritage, and unique ecosystems, stand as a majestic peak into Algeria’s natural wonders. As we traverse this rugged expanse, we not only witness the grandeur of the Saharan landscape but also discover the cultural richness and untamed beauty that define the heart of the Hoggar.

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Algeria Travel Guide: Tamanrasset and The Hoggar

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Explore the rich history of Hoggar in Algeria: uncover its ancient secrets through the rock formations

The Hoggar Mountains, a highland region in the central Sahara, are located in southern Algeria along the Tropic of Cancer. Spanning approximately 550,000 square kilometers, this mountainous region lies about 1,500 kilometers (930 miles) south of Algiers, the capital city. Predominantly rocky desert terrain, it boasts an average elevation exceeding 900 meters (3,000 feet) above sea level. Mount Tahat, the highest peak, reaches 2,908 meters (9,541 feet).

Primarily composed of metamorphic rock estimated to be around 2 billion years old, the mountains feature areas where recent volcanic activity has deposited new rock layers. Notable peaks, such as Ilamen, have formed due to erosion gradually wearing away extinct volcano domes, revealing the more resilient material that once filled the volcanic cores.

The Hoggar Mountain range experiences hot summers and cold winters, with temperatures often dropping below freezing in winter. Rainfall is rare and sporadic throughout the year. However, the climate here is relatively milder compared to other Sahara regions, contributing to its biodiversity significance and the presence of relict species. The range is part of the West Saharan montane xeric woodlands ecoregion.

Ahaggar National Park, within the range, is a significant protected area and one of Algeria’s national parks. It covers about 450,000 square kilometers (170,000 square miles) and includes Mount Tahat, the tallest peak in the Hoggar range.

Prehistoric settlement evidence appears in ancient rock paintings dating back to 6000 BC. The Kel Ahaggar Tuareg, who inhabit the Hoggar Massif, have a rich cultural heritage in the region. The tomb of Tin Hinan, believed to be the Tuareg matriarch, is in Abalessa, an oasis near Tamanrasset.

The hermitage of Charles de Foucauld, inhabited by a small community of Catholic monks, is atop the Assekrem plateau in the Hoggar Mountains.

Hoggar National Park, one of Algeria’s largest national parks and nature reserves, lies in the vast southern desert. Encompassing approximately 450,000 square kilometers, the park spans diverse landscapes, including the Sahara Desert, rolling sand dunes, the vibrant Tamanrasset oasis, and the majestic Hoggar Mountains.

Ancient rock drawings in the Hoggar Mountains, over five thousand years old, offer insights into early human life and the natural environment of that era. These include depictions suggesting the region once had rivers and seas. Archaeological discoveries include skeletal fish remains and fishing tools dating back millions of years. This richness led to its designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, underscoring its historical and cultural significance.

The region draws adventurers worldwide, offering exploration opportunities and serene natural landscapes. The local population, mainly the Tuareg community, warmly welcomes visitors, sharing traditional stories about the site and their heritage. These include tales of Queen Tin Hina, believed to have ruled centuries ago, known for her beauty, intelligence, strength, and courage.

Mohamed SAKHRI

I am Mohamed SAKHRI, the creator and editor-in-chief of this blog, 'Discover the World – The Blog for Curious Travelers.' Join me as we embark on a journey around the world, uncovering beautiful places, diverse cultures, and captivating stories. Additionally, we will delve into mysterious and, at times, even bizarre destinations.

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Tamanrasset

Tamanrasset, or “Tam” as the Northerners call it, is the undisputed capital of Hoggar. This relatively young city benefits from the relatively temperate climate of the altitude, at nearly 1,400 meters. The red and original houses, the magnificent panorama make of this city a particularly endearing place, which remembers its visitors. Foucault’s father left an indelible mark there with his Bordj, near the Museum of Traditional Arts, rich in magnificent pieces of craftsmanship: jewelry, clothes, weapons and even locksmiths. The city market is also very attractive with its belt shops and auction vendors.

A few kilometers away is a thermal spring, Adriane, very popular. Close by in the village, which has many blacksmiths, there are two unique funerary monuments. They house the graves of Prince Moussa Ag and his cousin Dassine Ould Khemma, famous in local mythology.

Hoggar Mountains

The Hoggar Mountains are a highland region that features very unique mountain peaks, and it is located in the southern part of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria. Covering an area of about 550,000 sq km (212,000 sq mi), the mountains are also part of the excessively large Sahara Desert, and the average elevation is around 900 meters (3,000 feet) above the sea.

The highest peak, as well as the highest mountain in the country is Mount Tahat which stands 3,003 meters (9,852 feet) above the sea. The composition of the rocks is primarily of metamorphic rock approximately 2 billion years old, although there are areas where more recent volcanic activity has laid down much newer rock.

What makes the mountains unique is the rocky and arid landscape that somewhat reminds everyone of Mars’ landscape, even though there is some vegetation in some places. There are several rivers which cut through the landscape, among which there is only one oasis town, Tamanrasset, which is built in a desert valley.

The climate varies from the season, although the summers are usually hot, while the winters are quite cold, with rains that are rare and sporadic year-round. Still, due to the difference with the rest of Sahara, there is a huge biodiversity here, which also includes as well number of relic species, which is why a great attention has been given to them with the formation of the Ahaggar National Park.

There were even cave paintings discovered here which are dating back to 6,000 BC and they depict a nature and wildlife which is nowadays mostly found in the southern, more fertile parts of Africa.

To conclude, the Hoggar Mountains are definitely one of the great, almost unknown mountains from the African nation of Algeria, which are great for hiking and experiencing the Sahara Desert which is not so cruel if it is to be compared to other parts, in other nations.

 MOUFLON   TOURISM

DISCOVER THE GREAT SOUTH WITH MOUFLON TOURISM

your adventure starts here

Enjoy a long ride through the rocky desert.

We are the biggest travel agency based in Tamanarsset, south of Algeria, we are passionate about traveling! We believe that we can provide a better opportunity for all travelers to explore Algeria and get in touch with its culture . Our team are really experts and have a lot of knowledge of the destinations we book for you. We work hard to make our service the best in the country and provide you all the necessary equipment to make your trip quite easy to navigate . Contact us today to learn more about our offerings.

OUR SERVICES

The best of our services

Organization of Camel Treks

The members of nomadic pastoral Tuareg camps of Hoggar or Tassili n'Ajjer (Djanet) will guide you with their dromedaries or donkeys during your walks in Hoggar and Tassili Hoggar. Depending on the circuit some portions will also be made in 4x4 vehicles.

Special Sports Circuits

4x4 Circuit Organization

Circuits on foot / Atakor Trek.

Organization of camel treks

Vtt & Climbing (Material not provided)

Assistance to all types of Raids Cars & motorcycles...

Stay at camp & travel fair

As part of the fair and inclusive journey, we have established lasting ties with the Tuareg Camps of Hoggar. They are our local partners for the organization of stays for our customers, within the camp, with introduction to the authentic nomadic life and a real approach to the art, the uses and the culture of the Tuaregs (gastronomy, crafts, music, stories and legends ...) The stay is embellished by musical evenings, camel rides, walks...

Travel to a new destination with Mouflon Tours

Hoggar and Tassili circuit from Hoggar

An unforgettable adventure across Tamanrasset's stunning landscape with an insider’s insight on ancient Tuareg culture and traditional way of life. From vibrant and imposing Hoggar to the historical Tassili  this is a trip will stay in your memories and offer you a truly epic adventure.

Combined circuits & Tassili N'Ajjer

A unique expedition that takes you across the remote Sahara with 4x4. There you will head to the stunning setting on Earth, where you can explore the scenic mountains and The rock art of Tassili N'Ajjer with more than 15,000 drawings and engravings dating back as far as 12,000 years. 

Circuits Ghardaia & Timimoune

Explore one of interesting UNESCO world heritage areas in Algeria on a unique journey through M'Zab Valley . Spend your first day in Ghardaia and then Timimoun, the red desert with a lot of oases. You will experience trekking hiking and exploration of souks.

Special Discovery Tour of the Tadrart

Diversity of landscapes, discovery of secret and magic corners of Tassili n'Ajjer . Steps to walk between the nearest sites / Walk on the dunes Discovery of engravings and rock paintings Bivouac under the stars, on dunes, wadi, . . . . Pedal of stones, opening on the immense ergs. Camaieux of red and ocher erg Merzouga to storm eroded rocks. Stone lace opening on the whiteness of Ténéré; Djanet and its palm grove at the foot of the bluish cliffs of Tassili n'Ajjers.

Ghardaia Tours (M'zab)

Assistance and provision of guides, cook ... for all Trans-Saharan crossings (Convoy or private / Cars, Motorcycles ....) From the border to the entrance to the borders at the exit.

Special pilgrimage to the Assekrem

In the footsteps of Father De Foucauld, with masses and guided tours to Tam. and at Assekrem (Bordj, Chapel and Hermitage ..)

Agence Mouflon Tourisme, BP 26 Centre Ville, Tamanrasset

[email protected]

+213 (662) 361 990

Best of North Algeria : Tipaza, Djemila, Constantine, Timgad

An incredible expedition that will take you from the capital of Algiers to the Roman ruins series on one continuous journey to Tipasa best known for its roman ruins overlooking the coastline. En route from Algiers to Djemila you will explore one of the beautiful ruins in Algeria, and then ride to Constantine, the city of the bridges, where you are going to explore this unique city with its beautiful gorges on a complete journey and on the next day you will see the largest Roman Ruins better known as Pompeii of  Africa: Timgad.

Is Algeria the next great travel destination in Africa?

Ancient fortified towns, Roman ruins, and Sahara sands make Africa’s largest country an undiscovered tourism giant hiding in plain sight.

From the open roof of the watchtower, above the labyrinth of narrow alleys and serried rooftops, Ghardaïa appears as a rolling tableau of jumbled pastel cubes.

The only hints of modernity are the Tannoy speakers projecting from the mud-walled minarets at the summit of each hill. Otherwise, we could be looking at a scene from any century in the last 10.

Despite its proximity to Europe , and vast presence on the north coast of Africa –roughly the size of Alaska and Texas combined—Algeria and many of its most spectacular sights are little known to travelers outside of its borders.  

“Algeria is one of the world’s hardest places to enter and among the least visited,” says Andrew Farrand, senior fellow for North Africa at the Atlantic Council , a foreign affairs think tank. “Of the two million or so official tourist arrivals each year, most are members of the Algerian diaspora coming home to visit family. Only a handful are foreign visitors.”

For those willing to negotiate the bureaucratic hurdles to get here, Algeria is arguably one of the most rewarding destinations that you can reach via a short-haul flight from mainland Europe. Today, vitally, it is also considered to be safe and relatively stable. Most foreign governments advise only against travel to its borders with Libya and Niger.

Legacy of French colonialism

The origins of Algeria’s anonymity lie in the recent past. Between 1830 and 1962, it was the most prized possession of the French empire . Independence came in 1962, but only after a bloody eight-year war between Algerian insurgents and French colonists which claimed between 400,000 and a million lives.

“France’s barbaric efforts to destroy Algerian culture bred deep anti-Western sentiment,” says Adel Hamaizia, a visiting fellow at Harvard University. “In the aftermath, the newly independent country was very motivated to rebuild and protect its religious and cultural identity .”

In the 1990s, as tourism to neighbors Morocco and Tunisia surged, Algeria was mired in what its people refer to as the “Black Decade,” when an Islamist insurgency instigated a bloody and protracted civil war. Anti-government protests toppled the administration of long-time president Abdelaziz Bouteflika as recently as April 2019.

Developing tourism

One legacy of this domestic upheaval is a prevailing attitude toward overseas visitors that is, if not actually hostile, then at least indifferent. The visa application process is Byzantine. Tourism promotion is non-existent. During my trip to the country in the spring, the only guidebook I could get my hands on was a second-hand Berlitz pocket-guide published in 1990.

The government’s disinterest in tourism, many observers argue, is due to the economic dominance of hydrocarbons. Algeria’s oil and gas sector comprises 20 percent of its GDP. Tourism, by contrast, accounts for barely 0.1 percent.

( Learn about this ancient Saudi Arabian city working to attract more tourists .)

“The oil curse infects everything,” says Farrand. “The industry gives the Algerian state the money it needs to avoid the hard work of developing more complex sectors like tourism.” According to recent reports, the spike in oil and gas prices as a result of the war in Ukraine has meant that Algeria exceeded its export targets for the first half of 2022 by 70 percent.

Wonders hidden in plain sight

Nevertheless, the rewards for coming here are many. Algeria is in several ways a giant hiding in plain sight. In the band of fertile land that hugs its Mediterranean coast are historic cities like Constantine , Oran , and the capital Algiers. Ancient Roman outposts like Djemila   and Timgad (both UNESCO World Heritage sites) are among the best preserved archaeological destinations in North Africa. South, in the Saharan interior, the dune seas of the Great Ergs crash against the sandstone massifs of Hoggar and Tassili n’Ajjer.

“We’ve had record interest this autumn, but you can still go days in Algeria without seeing another tourist,” says Omar Zahafi, whose tour company, Fancyellow , caters almost exclusively to foreign visitors. “When we visit the Roman ruins and clients ask why there are no other people, I like to joke that I booked the site for them especially!”

Few places embody the tension between Algeria’s insularity and its tourist potential like Ghardaïa, the ancestral home of the Mozabites , Algeria’s fourth largest Berber tribe. A sprawling oasis town, 380 miles south of Algiers on the Trans Sahara Highway, it is a place where Algerian life is at its most traditional.

( Learn why Morocco is so full of music—and where you can hear it .)

It’s early afternoon in El Atteuf, one of five ksours , or hilltop citadels, that are collectively known as “the Pentapolis.” Once separate entities, the five walled towns have long since merged together into a labyrinthine conurbation that snakes along the desiccated valley of the M’Zab River. (Ghardaïa is both the name of the largest citadel and an unofficial shorthand for the whole region.) The French philosopher Simone de Beauvoir once likened it to “a Cubist painting, beautifully constructed.”

Like most places in Algeria, Ghardaïa is best explored with a guide. Indeed, in the ksours themselves, one is obligatory. Rules laid down by religious councils, which uphold a strict form of Ibadi Islam, permit entry to outsiders only at certain times of the day, and only in the company of a local chaperone. Some married women dress in the haik , a white garment that is wrapped around the body and head, leaving only a single eye exposed. Motorized transport is prohibited. Rubbish is still collected by donkey.

My guide, Hassissane Hadjsmael, a butcher with an impish air, leads us through the tranquil alleyways. In the middle of the day, when most of the valley’s inhabitants take a siesta, the lanes are populated only with gaggles of bashful children.

The citadel’s architectural consistency is a result of age-old norms of design and decoration. Up close, you can see that the walls are rendered in clay, then stippled with palm fronds to deflect the heat of the sun.

Hadjsmael gestures us through a low doorway and into a model interior now preserved as an unofficial museum. Inside is a pillared quadrangle with an open roof. Recesses on each side are bedecked in carpets. Most houses in the old towns have a similar footprint, albeit with some concessions to the 21st century. “My place is similar,” says Hadjsmael. “But I do have a big plasma TV.”

Change arrives slowly in Ghardaïa, but it does arrive. On the outskirts are the palmeries, groves of date palms whose fruits were once the backbone of the local economy. Now, its old summer homes are being converted into guesthouses.

In one of them, I meet travelers from Ohio sitting in a Berber tent set up in a shady courtyard. A musician, rakish in a dark green Tuareg turban, plucks at an oud under an olive tree heavy with fruit.

“You can tell that a lot of the people in Algeria are eager to share their country with the world,” says Katelyn Jarvis, an investment advisor from Cincinnati. “Nearly every interaction we’ve had has resulted in an invitation to visit peoples’ towns or to share a meal at their homes.”

Tourism is in its infancy here, but the hospitality is instinctive.

“I recently got my license to start hosting foreigners,” the guesthouse owner, Rostom Labchek, tells me. “I hope that more of them will come.”

Related Topics

• WORLD HERITAGE SITES
• ANCIENT ROME
• ANCIENT HISTORY
• HISTORIC PRESERVATION

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Introducing Algeria

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Things to see and do in Algeria

Attractions in algeria, admire attractive algiers.

Algeria's pretty capital has been a port since Roman times and although commercialised by the French in the mid 19th century, it still has the feel of the Maghreb to it, with many zig-zag alleyways, mosques and a fantastic casbah. It's also evocative of French colonialism with its whitewashed façades and blue painted balconies.

Buy a carpet in gorgeous Ghardaia

Made up of three very different walled towns in this fertile valley surrounded by the Saharan sands, Ghardaia is a unique place. The old towns are ultra-religious and can only be visited with an official guide, but it's well worth doing so. Don't leave without a carpet – those on sale in the main square of Ghardaia are considered to be the best in the country and make superb souvenirs from any trip to Algeria. Haggle with the carpet sellers here to get a good price.

Discover the ‘enchanted oasis’

Deep in the Grand Erg Occidental desert region, lies the oasis town of El Goléa, which is often referred to as 'the pearl of the desert' or 'the enchanted oasis' because of its luxuriant vegetation and abundant water. The town is dominated by an old ksar (fort), whose ruins are well preserved.

Escape the heat in Tlemcen

Tlemcen was an important imperial city from the 12th to the 16th century and stands in the wooded foothills of the Tellian Atlas. A pleasant retreat from the stifling heat of high summer, its sights include the Grand Mosque, the Mansourah Fortress and the Almohad ramparts.

Explore ancient Constantine

Situated in the east of Algeria, Constantine is a natural citadel lying across the River Rhumnel. Founded by the Carthaginians, who called it Cirta, it is the oldest continuously inhabited city in Algeria. Sights include the Ahmed Bey Palace (one of the most picturesque in the Maghreb) and the Djamma el-Kebir Mosque.

Find the ‘golden key of the desert’

In the depths of the Sahara Desert, in southern Algeria, lies the ancient city of Ouargla, which is also known as 'the golden key to the desert'. This ochre-coloured town is well worth visiting for its lovely souks and lofty minarets, which overlook an expansive landscape.

Go dune skiing

When you see the size of some of the Saharan sand dunes, dune skiing suddenly makes sense. You can bring your own skis (no padding needed) – otherwise quite a few tour agencies offer this unforgettable experience.

Have Djemila all to yourself

This stunning Roman city near to the city of Sétif is incredibly well preserved but you may well find yourself the only person visiting when you get there. In a stunning setting, surrounded by verdant hills and pine forests, you'll discover huge temples, a formally laid out forum and a superb amphitheatre.

Hike around the Tassili N'Ajjer

Tour the Tassili N'Ajjer, or 'Plateau of Chasms', a vast volcanic plateau crossed by massive gorges, formed by rivers that have long since dried up. The Tassili conceals a collection of unique rupestrian paintings (rock paintings), which go back at least as far as the neolithic age.

Hit the Turquoise Coast

Within easy reach of Algiers are some fine seaside resorts. One of the most famous is Zeralda, a beach town with a holiday vibe and replica nomad village. To the east of Algiers, the Turquoise Coast offers rocky coves and long beaches aplenty. And the Sidi Fredj peninsula has a marina, an open-air theatre and various watersports facilities.

Imbibe Algeirs’ cultural offerings

Algiers' Bardo Ethnographic Museum and the National Museum of Fine Arts are amongst the finest museums in North Africa. Here you'll find important artefacts and treasures from all eras such as the Roman, Carthaginian and Islamic periods.

Kick back in Tamanrasset

Picturesque Tamanrasset, situated at the heart of the Hoggar Mountains, is the unofficial capital of Algeria's Sahara region. Tourists often stay in 'Tam' (as it is sometimes called) and use it as a base for touring the mountains or hiking in the desert. It is also a popular winter holiday destination for Algerians and is regularly visited by the camel caravans of les hommes bleus (the blue-robed Touaregs), who are the ancient nomadic inhabitants of this region.

Sweat it out in the Sahara

The Sahara Desert is the most striking and also most forbidding feature of Algeria. The best way to enter is to cross the El Kautara Gorges to the south of Constantine. The sudden glimpse of the Sahara through the El Kautara Gorges is breath-taking. These gorges are said to separate the winter areas from the land of everlasting summer and are called Fouur Es Sahra ('the Sahara's mouth') by local inhabitants.

Tour the Sahara by camel

Nothing is quite as evocative of the Sahara's endless sand than the sight of a camel caravan traversing the dunes. Travel agencies in Tamanrasset can organise camel tours of the desert, which allow you to camp overnight in the sands – an unforgettable experience.

Traipse through the ruins of Tipasa

Within easy reach of Algiers, the fascinating ruined city of Tipaza has exceptional Roman, Punic and Christian ruins, and a Numidian mausoleum overlooking a beautiful stretch of the Mediterranean. It's also easy day-tripping distance from Algiers, making it the most accessible Roman ruins in the country.

Trek the Hoggar Mountains

An impressive, jagged range of peaks across Algeria's southern Sahara, the Hoggar Mountains reach as far as Libya and are surrounded by desert on all sides. The massif consists of a plateau made of volcanic rock and eroded cliffs and granite needles form fascinating shapes in pink, blue or black basalt.

Visit holy Beni-Isguen

The holy town of Beni-Isguen, a fortified city not far from Ghardaia, is a remarkable sight. Set in the Sahara Desert, behind great ramparts, the sprawl of mud brick houses forms a dense warren of narrow streets, and not much has changed since it was first built in the 14th century. Visitors must observe a strict set of rules before entering – dress codes are stringent, no photos are allowed and everyone must be accompanied by a guide.

Wake up in Assekrem

Camping overnight at this holy retreat with views in all directions to the spectacular surrounding mountains is a wonderful experience. But the unquestionable highlight is getting up just before dawn and ascending the hillside to watch the sun break over the beautiful peaks.

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North African land of contrasts, Algeria stretches over a  2 381 741 Km2  area. Its 6000 Kilometer long borders run along Tunisia, Libya, Niger, Mali, Mauritania, Western Sahara and Morocco.

In North, the Mediterranean Sea extends over 1200 km of coastline while in the South the extensive desert spreads over nearly two million square kilometers.

After having been neglected during many years, Algeria destination has experienced a renewed interest. This evolution has been marked by the appearance of new products beside the traditional stays of discovery and relaxation, while the Algerian government is setting up a strategy of development for tourism by the year 2015. Algeria has many assets. On the geographical level, four great types of relief following each other from the north to the south of the territory.

Alongside the Mediterranean sea, there is a coast bordered by beaches and coves, prolonged inside by the plain of Tell and its valleys where is concentrated the main part of the arable lands and the principal major cities like Algiers, Oran, and Constantine… there are two East-West directed mountainous chains: the Tellian Atlas formed by the mounts of Tlemcen, Ouarsenis, Titteri, Djurdjura, Babor, Bibans and Edough which culminates in Lalla Khadidja

(2, 308m), and the Saharian Atlas with the solid mass of Aurès culminating with the mount of Chelia (2, 328m). In the middle of the Atlas, a zone of semi-desert high plateaus, field of the esparto grass and of breeding and whose profile of a basin explains the presence of shotts (salted lakes) up to 40 meters below sea level, the shott Melhrir.

There is also the Sahara, its rock plateaus, its arid plains, its sand areas, the great Western erg, the great Eastern erg and its oases like Zibans, the valley of M’Zab, Touat, and Gourara… Finally in the extreme south, Hoggar, there is a succession of high plateaus spread out in steps, dominated in the centre by surprising relief and the Tahat mount, with 3 003 m which remains the highest summit of the country, and where there are some salted lakes like shott Ech-Chergui and shott el Hodna… To these natural charms is added an archaeological inheritance of a great value. Crossroads of the Mediterranean, Moslem and African worlds, Algeria inherited a number of numidian and Romans sites, (in the east of Mauritania, in Aurès and in the north of Numidia), as well as Christian and Islamic sites and buildings.

Various activities can be practiced during all the year in focal points where exoticism and beauty go hand in hand: •    The coastal strip •    The Aurès Mountains •    The Kabylie region •    The Wadi Me Zab valley •    Oued Souf •    The Hoggar Mountains and Tassili •    Touat and Gourara

A country of virgin sites

Algeria has 174 zones of tourist expansion spread all over the country and which are concerned by the tourism investment. For this reason, the Ministry of tourism invites all national or foreign organizations to invest in this very profitable market.

According to forecasts of the ministry of tourism, by the year 2015, tourist flow will pass to 3.1 million visitors against 1.6 million in 2004 and the cumulated payments of the tourist activity would be in 2015 of more than 6 billion dollars. Currently, 22 ZET are subject to a development study held by the National Agency of Tourist Development (ANDT). Nineteen of the ZET retained for study are located on the littoral extending over more than 1,200 km and the three others are in Tamanrasset, Djanet and Timimoun. However, the 22 concerned ZET totalize a surface of development equivalent to 1443.83 hectares. These sites are part of the projects of realization of 144 hotels, 550 villas, 3000 bungalows, 8 marinas and pleasure ports, 4 spas, 15 shopping centres and 4 sports centres. These tourist achievements must generate a capacity of lodging of 50,000 beds. However the ZET of Djanet and Tamanrasset have the priority and must be subject to a special consideration since they are a privileged destination by foreign tourists and also because of the sensitivity of their ecosystem. For that reason, a sustainable strategy for the development of tourism in Algeria by 2015 has been planned , with several incentives.

This strategy is particularly based on the definition of the choice of the tourist offers to be developed, the determination of the objectives to be reached as well as the determination of the socio-economic impacts.

Concerning the development and the control of tourism real estate, the development of a program and the launching of a study for the delimitation and the declaration of the zones of tourist expansion are expected. It is also expected to achieve, by  2007 a study relating to the thermal assessment, which potential is evaluated to more than 200 thermal sources, and to the transfer of the lands in the chosen ZET to the ANDT. The objective is to develop these lands and to put them at the disposal of the investors, as well as providing consequent financial means to the Fund for Support to the Tourist Investment. It is also expected, by 2015, to realize 187,000 beds, that is to say 55,000 beds in 2007 and 60,000 beds in 2015 with 23,000 direct and indirect employment.

However, this objective needs some incentives to the tourist investment, like an adequate adaptation to the tourist mode of financing which remains a heavy investment. It is also expected the creation of a mode of financing specific to the hotel credits which must profit from reduced interest rate and other incentives

Hung to the hills of the Sahel at the end of the plain of Mitidja, Algiers presents the traditional urban plan of a Mediterranean city: an acropolis – the Kasbah leaned with a massif- Bouzareah -, and a set of hills intersected with small valleys forming a majestic bay, which extends from the Pointe Pescade to La Pérouse. Even if the Moorish palaces have for many disappeared, Algiers the White remains one of the most beautiful cities of the Arab world. It is while strolling around the twisting roads, the staircase-like backstreets, the monuments and the modern district that one can discover this metropolis which summarizes the whole Algeria of today, a country rooted in his traditions and passionate of modernity.

Overhanging the small islands, the médina remains Algiers bearing the prints of the Orientalists of XVIe, XVlle and XVllle centuries and if the ramparts disappeared, the impression is remaining. Half of the houses is of Ottoman inspiration: corbelled floors supported by apparent wood props, interior patio decorated with ceramics and small columns. Place of memory as much as place of history, the Kasbah has a citadel, old mosques, Ottoman palaces, a labyrinth of souks, eternal paradise for shopping, and of small bars where it is good to stop to taste a chorba frik, ragout of mutton meat with chick-peas, followed-up with mint tea.

El Djazair El Mahroussa had sumptuous palaces decorated with taste and pomp. Today, although many of these buildings worthy of Thousand and One Nights disappeared, some have escaped to the vagaries of time and of the Man. They are here to remind us our prestigious past. They only can be a very privileged tourist destination.

Dar Aziza, is the prototype of the Algerian house with his court of marble and central water jet, its earthenware, its stuccos and its trellis with coloured glass, next to Jenina (headquarter of the government until 1817). It is at the palace Dar Mustapha, built by Dey Mustapha in 1797, that are noticed the front door and the canopy in sculpted cedar, two skiffas (corridors) decorated with Dutch and Italian earthenware, the columns of marble, the sculpted woodworks, the balustrades and the double doors of rooms with porticos.

The Bastion 23 is the palace of the captain Raïs, built on the sea front in 1826 and inhabited by the Minister for the navy who could thus control the bay. This palace had a hammam built above the kitchen to diffuse a constant heat, a wash-house supplied with two wells, one containing the drinking water, the second collecting rainwater. This building which is open to the public is composed of three parts: the residence of Raïs where the  living rooms, rooms, dining room and office are decorated with different ceramics and of sculpted woodworks. There is also the district of the servants, the small houses intended to the sailors and to the fishermen. While descending the street Hadj Omar, there is the palace of Ahmed Pasha (1805-1808). It provides a base for Algerian National Theatre, equipped with a beautiful staircase with elbows leading to the interior court.

Dar Hassan, is a Moorish palace of Hassan Dey of Algiers and the last of the regents at the end of XVllle century. It has been transformed into a winter palace of the French governors and will was known as the Palais Bruce.

The Big Mosque, was built at the end of Xlst century by the Almoravides. It is a magnificent example of the Islamic architecture. There are five doors leading to the interior and a patio looks out over the old court of malékite rite and over the office of the muphti. In the prayer room, there is an admirable minbar (pulpit) dated of 1098 and some foiled arcs. The mosque of la Pêcherie, is a rather particular monument which would have been built in 1660 by the corporation of bahhâras (marines). Its minbar, made of sculpted marble, belonging to the old mosque Essayida. Some old  koursis (armchairs) are also worthy of being admired. They belonged to the preachers and are made of painted wood and a very beautiful copper chandelier   close to the minaret, the old court of hanéilte rite.

The Betchine mosque was built in 1622 by the Italian corsair Picinino who became admiral of the Algerian fleet. It has a typical architecture of the Ottoman mosques.

The old cathedral Saint Philippe, built between 1845 and 1860 and called Djamaâ Ennassara by the Inhabitants of Algiers, returned to the Moslem worship after the independence and recovered its old name “Ketchawa” (plate of goats, in Turkish). Its columns and its minbar belong to the old mosque. The frontage, flanked by two tours, is inspired from the Byzantine architecture.

At the street Arbadji, the tomb of the saint patron of the town of Algiers: Sidi Abderrahmane. The building was built in 1696. It is composed of a koubba where the tomb rests, of the saint man of a mosque to the square minaret and a cemetery reserved to the famous men such as Ahmed Bey of Constantine and Mustapha Pasha.

Among the other historical buildings of the old médina of El Djezair, there is Hammam Sidna, and the baths of the Dey, which have always been working since the XVIe century. In the east of Algiers, the turquoise coast provides a home for beautiful rock coves and sandy beaches lined with cypress, cork oaks and olive-trees. The peninsula of Sidi Ferruch has a marina and offers possibilities of underwater fishing.

Oran, bordered with wine fields, is the second town of Algeria. Activate, dynamic, it is the centre of multiple trade and industrial activities around its port. The influence of the Spaniards, having occupied the city during almost three centuries, is visible through many Hispanic-Moorish buildings. Around Oran, there are several seaside centres composed of hotels provided with nautical equipment….

Antique cities

Ancient cities such as Timgad, Tipaza, Djemila, Hippone and many others appear among the most beautiful archaeological vestiges, both by the beauty of the ruins and their historical and scientific value.

Released since 1880, this perched city at 100 m of altitude had a theatre, 14 thermal baths, a capitole, a public library equipped with a unique semicircular reading  room,  a “civil basilica,” kind of law courts, a Christian necropolis, in which some 10,000 tombs can be found, markets with shops, and a theatre which can contain 3,500 spectators. Its triumphal arch, set up in the IInd century in the honor of the victory of Trajan over the Parthes, is one of the most beautiful of the Roman empire. Its temple, set up on a platform accessible through a 38 step, had a pediment with six columns (two have been restored). There was also a donatist cathedral in the south-west of the city and a large Christian monastery. But it is in the cultural richness that the originality of Timgad lays. From the Ist to the IIIrd century, the city had its architects, its decorators and its Numid mosaists. In the IInd and IIIrd century, they created new ways, less regular taking into account the relief, as well as new districts, and the theatre, positioned on the side of hillock. The museum of Timgad shelters one of the most beautiful collections of mosaics of all Algeria. After ten years of interruption, the city joined again with its festival of popular art. “Aurés in Festival”, represents two weeks of galas, and cultural and handcraft shows. The tapestry of Aurès, very well known beyond the Algerian borders, receives the honors it deserves.

Baptized “Pine setting”, Tipaza has the charm of the towns of sea-side and mountain. Nested on the foot of the Chenoua mount, top of 900 m snow-covered during winter and going down towards a broad beach, it was occupied as from the middle paleolithic. The Rassel cave close to Chenoua would have been inhabited 12.000 years ago AC. Several civilizations followed one another. Recent excavations released the remainders of a tusk integrated into the ramparts and a necropolis with columbarium.

In the oldest district of Tipaza, can be found the “legal basilica”, in which the splendid mosaic of the slaves was discovered, and that is exposed in the town museum. Djemila Djemila was founded by the Nerva emperor in the North-East of Sétif at the edge of the Ferdjioua mounts. Half way up of a soft slope towards the confluence of two oueds (rivers) Guergour and Betane, in which the valleys take forms of torrential gorges. This city with its temples and its basilicas with 900 meters of altitude is another remarkable example of the adaptation of the diagrams of Roman town planning to the environment

The Sahara, the land of peace

The plate of Tassili Ajjer, maze of cliffs and dunes in the north of Djanet, is the most popular circuit of the great Saharan south. Accessible in a four-wheel-drive or on a camel’s ride, it makes it possible to discover the reliefs and the rupestral art of the plateau, witness of the everyday life at one time when the Sahara was timbered and crossed with rivers.

Some sites are pure wonders, in particular Jabbaren, Tamrit and Sefar. One can also choose to spend one week in Hoggar on the traces of Father Charles of Foucault, founder of the congregation of the little brothers of Jesus, who spent five months in Assekrem. This perched refuge has 2,180 meters, and offers a superb panorama on the Tahat mount. A four-wheel-drive climbs easily up to the hermitage where one can spend the night, and that can be reached after five hour drive; then one has to use a path dug in the rock which leads there (15 minutes of easy climbing). The moments to be looked forward to are the sunrise and the sunset. Two brothers of Jesus always live in Assekrem and celebrate the mass there.

Tamanrasset, first urban crossroads while arriving from Niger, entry gate to the Tassili of the Hoggar and the starting point of excursions, is not any more the small village “animated with 20 fires” as described by Charles de Foucauld. The city, with the obsolete charm and the apathetic atmosphere, deserves that we dwell on it. With a population of 70,000 inhabitants, “Tam” is the administrative capital of the area and military reserve.

The trekking from Atakor to Taessa within a wild framework of the Hoggar of 1800 to 3000 m makes it possible to approach the Tuareg society in its traditional life. Taessa, granitic Massif, spread over more than 60 km, is a privileged place for the campings of Kel Ahagar. We travel from Atakor, central part of the Massif of the Hoggar, to Taessa, to admire its rosy granites, its gueltas* in stages at the bottom of gorges covered with pink laurels or olive-trees, its cliffs overhanging from the green valleys and varied fauna. The surrounding austerity shows why this bastion could keep for so long the men’s legend.

Frescos of Tassili

Compared to the European rupestral art, primarily animalist and hidden within caves hollow, the rupestral art of Tassili is very scenic and, most of the time, on the surface. In addition, the communications between North Africa and Europe having been crossed since the end of the medium Palaeolithic, this art has remained both independent and African until the Christian era.

To understand the soul of Algeria, its oases should be seen: Holy Cities of Ghardaia, Blessed Izguen, El Ateuf, Bou Noura and Mélika, founded by Ibadites, puritans of Islam, in the M’Zab country at the entry of the great south, and the oases of the Chaambas and Gouraris tribes.

UNESCO classified sites

Timgad  is a military colony created by the III August legion in the year 100 by Emperor Trajan on the northern slopes of the Aurès Mountain range (province of Batna);

Tipaza  was a Punic counter and a strategic base for the Roman conquest of the Mauretanian kingdoms. It was listed among the 33 sites of the world’s endangered heritage by the 26th Session of the Committee of the World Heritage in Budapest on June 26, 2002;

Djemila , the antique Circul, is located at about 30 km from Sétif;

Tassili N’Ajjer  (provinces of Illizi and Tamnarasset) is the vastest museum of prehistoric rock art in the world. More than 15,000 drawings and engravings tell the stories of the climates, fauna and the human life in the Sahara from 6,000 BCE to the early centuries of our era;

Kalâat Béni-Hammade  in Bechara (province of M’sila), is a Moslem stronghold, founded in 1007 and was the first capital of the Hammadite emirs;

The M’Zab Valley  (province of Ghradaïa) whose k’sours (fortified villages) preserved the habitat created in the tenth century by the Ibadites;

The Casbah , the legendary Islamic medina in the capital Algiers.

Local Feats: a symbol of our cultural identity

Algeria is a nation with multiple facets. Its traditions are colorful and handed down from one generation to the next. Algeria’s local festivals are organized all year round throughout the country. From the north to the south, each area has its own festival that it celebrates with splendor. A symbol of popular traditions, the local festivals have become an occasion for organizing tourist stays to discover the marvelous sites of each one of its areas and to share the joy of the local populations with their legendary hospitality. On the whole, no less than 256 local festivals are celebrated annually throughout the various areas of the country.

Tafsit of Tamanrasset

For three days, the people of the Hoggar gather in Tamanrasset to celebrate the arrival of spring in an atmosphere of festival rich in colors. Folk band processions are organized through the streets of the city to the great delight of the local people and tourists who come in large numbers to share the joys of this festival where the traditional craft industry occupies a privileged place… Fashion parades and beauty contests are organized on this occasion to elect “Miss Hoggar” and the best Tuareg of the region.

S’biba of Djanet

In Djanet, the capital of the Tassili, the religious feast of Achoura is always celebrated joyfully. The populations gather to renew the peace pact sealed nearly three thousand years ago and to establish new alliances. In ancient times, a fratricidal war was raging between Tuareg tribes. When they learned that Moses defeated the Pharaoh and his armies they agreed to end their conflict and to seal a peace pact which has united them since then. Exhibition fights recreating the last battle following which the peace pact was signed are performed on this occasion while women sing in the background and utter their traditional ‘yuyu’ screams intended to encourage the warriors.

S’Boue of Timimoun

Like the Tassili, the Gourara area is known for its festivals in which the traditional songs of the “Ahellil” bands are omnipresent. Organized during the mawlid, the feast celebrating the birth of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), the S’boue (week)is a festival that lasts seven days and seven nights. The seventh day, all the people of the K’sour gather around the zaouia (religious school) of Sheikh El Hadj Belkacem for a large gathering where the standards of the brotherhoods are exhibited to the beat of the Ahellil songs.

The celebration of this festival is also an opportunity for gathering the local population to settle any quarrels which may arise during the year and to seal new alliances.

Mawlid of Béni-Abbès

In the vicinity of Béchar, northwards, the sumptuous oasis of Béni-Abbès celebrates lavishly the birth of the Prophet. On the day of the Mawlid, the small square of the town is the center of a great deal of excitement with karkabou music and local dances. This religious festival is also an opportunity for the circumcision of the children and meetings between the families of the Saoura.

Mawsim Taghit

The Saoura region organizes, in the last weekend of October, a great celebration, the “Mawssim Taghit”. This festival is dedicated to the date and offerings are made to the poorest sections of the population. The date harvest is an opportunity to gather all of the inhabitants of the Saoura in this age-old festival which dates back more than 19 centuries. The tradition is celebrated during three days to the beat of the bendir, the goumbri and songs chanted in chorus.

Ouaâdat Sidi Ahmed El Medjdoub

Celebrated in the second weekend of every October, Ouaâdat Sidi Ahmed El Medjdoub takes place in the commune of Asla (province of Nâama) in honor of the saint man Sidi Ahmed El Medjdoub who lived in the 15th century.

The festival is organized by the Medjadba tribe to preserve and perpetuate local traditions and habits during which couscous and tea are served to all the guests. During the feast, fantasia exhibitions are performed, poetry contests and a major commercial event are organized, and miscellaneous goods are offered on sale so that the inhabitants supply themselves to face the harsh winter.

Ghardaïa Carpet Festival

In the M’Zab valley, the spring holidays provide an opportunity for craftsmen from all parts of the country to exhibit and sell their carpets. Enlivened by Karkabou bands which play percussions based rhythms and fire gunshots in the air, this festival is an exotic tourist attraction. Visits to the five towns of the region are organized for tourists in M’Zab valley. A legendary market for auction sales is held in one of the towns, Béni-Izguen.

More than a traditional festival, this event is an artistic contest in which craftsmen compete in a convivial atmosphere.

M’Doukal Fantasia

During the first weekend of every month of May, a festival is held in the Aurès region. The palm groves and K’sours of M’Doukal located ten kilometers from the famous ghoufi ‘balconies’, provide a magnificent landscape for the fantasia shows during which horsemen dressed in traditional clothing exhibit their most beautiful horses.

The spirit of the popular singer Aissa El Djermouni is reminisced everywhere during the three days of this festival.  Popular poetry contests are also organized

Daghmouli Festival

Around the mausoleum of Moulay Abderrahmane, the Hoggar tribes: Kel-Rela, Kel-Rebla, Kel-Abagar, Issabaten and Tedjiène – flock together to celebrate the daghmouli (dawn of holiness) in homage to the Hoggar Tuaregs (probably the Dlmenan tribe), who rebelled against the French in 1902. The ziara (visit of the mausoleum) lasts two days on specific dates, in May. Ath Khlili Pottery Festival

In the village of the Mâatkas, an area situated south of Tizi-Ouzou, potters and pottery has been holding center stage for nine years now. The clayware trade in this locality is primarily feminine. Ath Khlilli’s women are famous for the quality of their potteries whose decorations are inspired from the Berber symbolic system.

Ath Yenni Silver Jewel Festival

From July 27th to August 4th, a festival is organized at Ath Yenni to celebrate silver jewels. The jewels of this region are set with coral and decorated with yellow enamel (for the sun), green colors (for nature) and blue ones (for the sky). The village is perched high in the Djurdjura mountain range at an altitude of more than 900 meters. These Kabyle jewels have won international awards, particularly in Canada and the United States.

Ath Khlili Pottery Festival

El Kala Coral festival

In this easternmost town of the Algerian coast bordering with Tunisia, the coral festival gathers fishermen, craftsmen and other tradesmen in August. Algerian coral, which regenerates quickly after fishing, is exported to many countries. El Kala’s coral, as well as Bejaia’s, is famous for its quality and its rare rose tones. Heather wood is another wealth of this area; it is used to manufacture internationally famous pipes.

Saint Augustine, the Algerian

A Phoenician trading post established in the eleventh century BC, Hippone was a flourishing numide city, ally of Carthage, until the fall of this latter. In the third century BC, Gaïa, father of Massinissa, turned it into one of the capitals of his kingdom. After the defeat of Jugurtha, Numide Hippone was annexed to the Roman province of Africa Nova, and became the most prosperous of the pre-Roman Africa cities as well as the center of African Christianity. In the fifth century, it was invaded and ransacked by Genseric. The vandals settled in Hippone for a whole century and the Byzantines just as long. Archeological excavations revealed the residential district, from which originate most of the splendid mosaics displayed in the museum of the city, as well as the Christian district. The history of Hippone is closely connected to the life of Saint Augustine, the most famous of the Latin Church’s Fathers.

Recently, some tour operators set up a circuit called “On the footsteps of Saint Augustine” for foreigners interested in cultural and religious trips. In the program: the basilica and ruins of Hippone; the Punic and Roman center of the antique Calama in Guelma; the vestiges of the small amphitheatre; and Saint Augustine’s school Madaure.

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يوم النصر 1962- 2024