faith tourism

Religious tourism- what is it and how does it work?

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Religious tourism makes up a big part of the tourism industry worldwide. Learn more about religious tourism, what it is and how it works in this article….

What is religious tourism?

Why is religious tourism important, missionaries, religious sightseeing, religious tourism in india, religious tourism in the philippines, religious tourism in italy, religious tourism in israel, religious tourism in turkey, religious tourism in poland, religious tourism- further reading.

Religious tourism is a branch of tourism which involves people travelling for religious purposes (like a pilgrimage ) or to see things of religious importance (sightseeing). It is also known as faith tourism. It also incorporates missionaries. Religious tourism isn’t just for religious people, of course. Many people who engage in religious tourism are actually of no religion themselves!

Religious tourism is an important branch of tourism for many reasons. It allows people to connect to their religion in a way they might otherwise not be able to – for example, a Muslim person living in a predominantly Christian country or area may have little opportunity to visit a mosque. They may also not have the chance to meet other Muslims very often. By visiting a place where Islam is the prominent religion, they might be able to build a better connection with their religion. 

It also provides a way for humanity to preserve our common heritage. All religions are practised in different places across the globe, as humanity has spread through the centuries. By visiting religious monuments and locations, we are able to learn more about the histories behind different religions, making religious tourism a great form of educational tourism too.

Religious tourism also helps to provide funding for the upkeep and preservation of religious sites. Entry fees to places like the Vatican are useful when it comes to repairs and paying for the staff who maintain the physical aspect of the Catholic Church. As well as this, as more people visit certain areas, governments are forced to ensure that roads, water supplies and infrastructure are taken care of.

Religious tourism activities

There are various activities which can come under the arm of religious tourism. One major one is a pilgrimage. I have an in-depth article about this, which you can read here . A pilgrimage is an often lengthy trip to a place of particular significance to your religion. An example of this is Muslims visiting Mecca, or Catholics heading to Lourdes. You can find some other religious tourism activities below…

A missionary is a person sent on a mission by their religion. They are sent to an area in order to promote this religion, and also provide services that this area may need. The most famous missionaries are members of the evangelical church, a branch of Christianity. The term comes from the Bible, when Jesus himself used it to refer to sending his disciples to preach the gospel in his name. However, the term’ missionary’ can be used in relation to any religion.

The most popular form of religious tourism is sightseeing. This is something which many people do, regardless of their particular religion. Every year, over 5 million people visit the Vatican – and they are not all Catholics heading there to pray or connect to the religion. They are also people who are interested in art and architecture, or history buffs, or people who want to tick ‘visiting the world’s smallest country’ off their bucket list.

The same goes with people visiting other religious sites. They may not necessarily be religious themselves. Many are, of course, and visit these sites for reasons similar to why people go on pilgrimages. They want to connect with other people of the same religion, or visit a place that is important to the religion itself.

There are many places you can go if religious sightseeing is something you enjoy. You’ll find some popular ones below!

Religious tourism destinations

Pretty much every town and city across the globe has a church, mosque, temple, cathedral or synagogue (and so on) – which means religious tourism can take place anywhere. There are some places, however, where it is much more prominent than others.

Religious tourism in India is huge. Spirituality is a massive part of Indian culture , with the main religion being Hinduism. 79.8% of the population identify as Hindu, with 14.2% practising Islam and 2.3% being Christians. Sikhism and Buddhism, while not as popular in India now, were both actually founded here.

With that in mind, there are many places of religious importance to visit in India. 

Haridwar and Varanasi are two famous religious places in India, and have been since ancient times. They are two sites with a lot of significance in Hinduism. Haridwar is where the River Ganges exits the Himalayan foothills, and there is a nightly river worshipping ceremony held here. Tiny flickering lamps are floated off the steps of the sacred ghat here. Varanasi is believed to have been the home of Lord Shiva, a prominent figure in Hinduism. Varanasi sees many pilgrims visiting in order to purify themselves by bathing in the River Ganges at sunrise.

There are also hundreds of beautiful churches, temples and mosques across the country which make for wonderful sightseeing.

The Philippines is a predominantly Catholic country. 83% of residents are Roman Catholic, with other branches of Christianity being the next popular religion followed by Islam. There are many Catholic sites you can visit as a religious tourist. These include:

• Monasterio de Tarlac, San Jose, Tarlac – with its statue very reminiscent of Christ the Redeemer in Rio
• National Shrine of the Divine Mercy, Marilao, Bulacan – with healing flower water in its basement
• Tatlong Krus, Paete, Laguna – the site of three tall white crosses with breathtaking views, a popular pilgrimage site
• Our Lady of Lourdes Grotto, San Jose Del Monte City, Bulacan – a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, with 14 Stations of the Cross
• Manila Cathedral – inside the walled historic city of within the modern city of Manila

When it comes to religious tourism, Italy is one of the best places. You’ll find so many churches, cathedrals, museums and historic religious sites to visit whether you are religious or not. Being the location of the Vatican, which is the heart of the Catholic Church, it comes as no surprise! Statistics show that Italy is home to at least 1,500 shrines, 30,000 churches, and 700 diocesan museums. As well as this, there are a large number of monasteries and convents across the country.

Assisi is one of the most important places in Italy for religious tourism. This is where St Francis (patron saint of Italy) lived! His remains are buried at the basilica here.

Loreto is another important destination. People come here to visit the Basilica della Santa Casa, home to some of the relics of the holy house of Nazareth. Legend says this is the house where Mary would have grown up – and where she would have received the message of Jesus’ birth.

Rome , of course, is where you can go to visit the Vatican. St Peter’s Square is an incredibly important destination for religious tourism, as people flock here to catch a glimpse of – or be blessed by – the Pope.

More than half of tourists visiting Israel are religious tourists. Home of the Holy Land, it is no wonder that so many Christians and Jews come here. Recent statistics show that:

• 90% of all Christian tourists visited Jerusalem
• 89% visited Tiberias and the Sea of Galilee
• 86% visited Nazareth
• 85% visited the Dead Sea area
• 83% visited Capernaum 
• 86% of pilgrims visited Bethlehem

Within these regions, there are so many places to see which are of religious importance to Christians and the people of the Jewish faith. These include Via Dolorosa, the Western Wall, Mount of Olives, the Church of the Nativity, the Church of the Annunciation and many more.

There is a lot of religious tourism in Turkey too. Here there are many churches, mosques, mausoleums, crypts and so on. Religious tourists can visit the ‘first church in the world’, which is the Church of Saint Peter. Located near Antakya, it is a cave carved into the mountainside. Saint Nicholas lived in Turkey, too, so there are various locations linked to him – including the alleged site of his burial in Demre.

It’s not just Christianity that is so present in Turkey. There are so many Islamic sites of importance across the country too. Istanbul is home to the only remaining items of clothing of the prophet Muhammad; there are beautiful mosques in every area of the country, and you’ll be able to hear the call to prayer wherever you are.

Poland is another destination which is popular for religious tourism. One very popular site is the Pauline Monastery on Jasna Góra in Częstochowa. This is where tourists can find the blessed icon of the Black Madonna, worshipped globally. Wadowice is the birthplace of Pope John Paul II – and there is a lot of information about him in Krakow too, as the two places are relatively close. Generally, the country has many beautiful churches and monasteries. These make for brilliant sightseeing trips, a major part of religious tourism as stated above.

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What Is Religious Tourism And What Are The Challenges It Is Facing?

Religious tourism, which is also known as faith tourism, is the type of tourism whereby people of faith travel individually or in groups for reasons related to religion or spirituality in their quest for meaning. It could be under pilgrimage, missionary, or leisure purposes. Practiced since the dawn of civilization, religious tourism one of the oldest forms of tourism. For religious travelers, it is not a vacation exactly but, a transformational journey during which, new insights are given, a deeper understanding is attained, new and old places in the heart are visited, blessings are received, healing takes place, and after this journey, life is seen with different eyes.

Pilgrims pay homage to the sacred places and their Gods by traveling around the world (or even if just in the country). These sacred or holy sites may include the place of birth or death of founders (or saints), or the place of their “calling” or spiritual awakening, or of their connection (visual or verbal) with the divine, to locations where miracles were performed or witnessed, or locations where a deity is said to have lived, or any site that is seen to have special spiritual powers. The religious tourists attach spiritual importance to these sites, which are commemorated with shrines or temples that devotees are encouraged to visit for their own spiritual benefit. These benefits would be:

•         to confirm, deepen or reflect upon their faith,
•         to be healed
•         or have their questions answered 

Due to these goals, religious travelers are known to be committed travelers. They tend to save up for their religious experiences. As a result, the religious tourism segment is known to be less sensitive to economic ups and downs than the overall tourism market.

Religious tourism includes many facets of the travel industry; for example:

•   Visit religious tourist attractions
•     Go for pilgrimages: Pilgrimage, as a part of religious tourism, is the act of moving from one place to another, often traveling through foreign lands; an ordered march of a group of people, usually with a religious connotation.
•   Monastery visits and guest stays
•   Faith-based cruises and Faith-based camps
•   Religious conventions and rallies
•   Leisure (fellowship) vacations

The most famous and most visited Religious Destinations are:

•   Vatican City, Italy
•   Western Wall, Jerusalem, Israel
•   Bodhi Gaya, Bodh, India
•   Karnak Temple complex, Egypt
•   Golden Temple, Amritsar
•   Notre Dame, Paris, France
•   Al-Haram Mosque, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
•   Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe, Mexico City
•   Tirupati Tirumala Devasthanams Temple, Andhra Pradesh, India
•   Kashi Vishwanath, Varanasi, India

Challenges faced by the management of Religious tourism are:

•   Poor infrastructure,
•   Hassling,
•   Heritage trafficking,
•   Limited community participation,
•   Cultural degradation, and
•   Lack of attention
• Religious tourism

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February 28, 2019

Peter Wiltshier

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Religious Tourism: What is it and why is it so important?

Religious tourism is one of the earliest forms of tourism and is a fast growing market. Here, Peter Wiltshier, Consultant Researcher Community & Tourism Development NZ at Research Consultancy NZ, New Zealand , explains what it is and why it is so important.

View to Jerusalem old city, Israel

What is religious tourism?

Religious tourism has taken place since the dawn of civilisation. Pilgrims travelled to pay homage to the sacred places and their guardians throughout the world. Tourism to sacred sites has merged with pilgrimage in the past 2,000 years. More recently, in the past 200 years wealthy Europeans visited special sites of sacred ritual in both the New World and throughout Europe.

Why is it so important?

Sites of special sacred significance have been visited for millennia. What is now important is that these sites need protection, conservation and interpretation. There are few guardians of these special places of worship and visitation and even fewer sources of funds to maintain and manage sites for visitors and worshippers. We do make a distinction between worshippers and visitors, as the religious sites cater for both in roughly equal amounts at some very special places like Lourdes in France and Fatima in Portugal.

Religious tourism in history

The management of religious tourism presents many challenges that are unique in both breadth and application. Sites of religious significance have existed since biblical times and pilgrimage in the Judeo-Christian context is mentioned in the Old Testament of the Bible, for example, in the story of Elkanah, who travels annually to Shiloh to worship and sacrifice (1 Samuel 1:1-28). It is also present in the New Testament Pentecost story, when Jews from all over the world went to Jerusalem for the Passover (Acts 2: 1-12). Many of these sites still exist and other sites, although not as old, have considerable heritage value. The management of heritage sites present particular problems, one of which relates to the cost of maintenance.

Managing sites of religious tourism

Most religious sites are owned by religious organisations, and this may cause challenges for their management, as they must balance the needs of worshippers with those of their visitors. Mosques are at the centre of Islamic tourism and are visited by both Muslims and non-Muslims alike. Muslims may visit mosques while travelling as a tourist attraction or as a place of worship. Many mosques have a dual role, functioning as both a place of worship and as a community centre. The role of community centre means that the mosque will be open for functions and festivities that are not strictly religious in nature and may include non-Muslims.

Muslim countries, such as those in the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) welcome tourism, especially religious tourism. But they make a distinction between pilgrimage, the most well know being the Hajj, and other forms of religious tourism. While non-Muslims are welcome at sites such as mosques, they are not welcome at the Hajj. The Hajj is one of the most important forms of pilgrimage today with millions of Muslims travelling to Makkah (Mecca) in Saudi Arabia and, without question, the most important Muslim pilgrimage. It is therefore important to distinguish between Muslim travellers to Muslim sites and non-Muslim visitors to these sites. For example, it is not acceptable for non-Muslims to enter the region of Hejaz where the cities of Mecca and Medina are located. There is some conflict related to ‘ownership’ of these sites, and this is discussed below. Other religions have similar problems in relation to conflicting motivations.

Visitors and worshippers

One of the conflicts that has been noted is between visitors to religious sites and worshippers. While many visitors see worshippers as part of the experience, some worshippers do not like the feeling of being observed. Worshippers do not want to feel that they are part of a ‘show’, but are happy to share their religious space, and are proud of the architecture and history that attracts visitors to the site. Sacredness does not readily cross cultural boundaries. What is viewed as sacred by one group, such as congregants, may be seen as culturally interesting by another visitor group. Given that some visitors may wish to engage in worship, Church authorities may need to determine when a request to participate in a service should be accepted as an expression of genuine interest and/or intention.

Developing sites of special significance requires the dissemination and sharing of both intellectual and practical contributions to meet those needs in a planned and stakeholder-driven approach. Traditional approaches to development emerged half a century ago with a focus on core competencies and the agreed understanding that open and fair competition would raise quality and assure reasonable profit margins. It is important to create awareness of services and products and map those to marketing practices.

Analysis and synthesis through primary research enable cleric and manager to grasp visitors’ and worshippers’ needs and develop audiences for sites. In the book, we present the importance of maintenance and plans for developing sites to accommodate factors in both internal and external environments that acknowledge the requirement to remain competitive.

How can religious tourism sites stay competitive?

The importance of networks, grappling with the wider community and perhaps establishing a wider, even global, reach, is appraised as important. In seeking to tap into resources traditionally not employed in managing religious and pilgrimage sites, we elevate the need for an enterprise culture.

Our book features great practices for supporting tourism to sites of worship and pilgrimage from China and Nepal through to Salt Lake City, Australia and diverse but important sites in England, Hungary, Spain, and Ireland. Emerging practices in festival and event management at these sites are coupled with new interpretation through the use of virtual reality technology. Emerging good practices for emulation come with sites that are now employing funding managers prepared to manage the risks of increased visitation against the pressures to conserve and protect the ancient sites at the centre of the visitor experience.

This post also appears on the University of Derby blog .

Managing Religious Tourism is now available from the CABI Bookshop.

You might also be interested in reading From too many to too few: the impact of COVID-19 on overtourism

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All you need to know about Religious Travel

What should i wear when visiting a religious place.

Every religion has different requirements on what to wear when visiting a sacred site, so it's always best to ask your travel guide about the appropriate dress. However, a good general rule is to always dress modestly. Both men and women should wear long skirts or trousers covering the knees and tops covering the shoulders and chest. Some Islamic and Jewish religious sites, such as mosques, will require you to cover your hair, while Buddhist temples require you to take off your shoes.

What is the best time to visit the Holy Land?

Israel, also known as the Holy Land, is at its best in spring (April and May) and autumn (September and October) when the temperatures are pleasantly warm, averaging around 26°C. Summer (June to August) heats up to an average of 32°C during the day, perfect for hitting the beach in Tel Aviv. The winter months (November to March) are cold and rainy, averaging around 15°C, and Jerusalem even sees occasional snowfall.

What is the most visited religious place in the world?

The Hindu Venkateswara Temple in India is said to be the most-visited religious place in the world, with around 50,000 to 100,000 pilgrims visiting the temple every day. The renowned Sensoji Temple, the oldest Buddhist temple in Tokyo, is another big contender, with around 30 million visitors every year.

Why is religious tourism important?

Religious tourism is one of the oldest and most special forms of travel, as pilgrims have travelled to pay homage to sacred places and icons for millennia. Religious tourism is now more important than ever as it helps to protect and conserve ancient holy sites, cultural treasures and spiritual traditions.

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In a sacred space, your footsteps echo out over the soft murmuring of the gathered crowd. You almost can’t decide where to look – the intricate forest of branching columns, the glittering stained glass windows that glow in the walls, or the tall vaulted ceilings that rise up above you for what seems like miles. You may not be able to put to words exactly what you feel, but you feel the presence of something here. Humbling and awe-inspiring excursions are the foundations of Faith tours. With a range of 20-44 travellers, and an average group size of 32, you’ll be on a spiritual sojourn you’ll never forget.

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These are Faith tours, and these itineraries are designed to inspire and enrich. Faith tours are for those who want more out of their travel on a spiritual level, and want to witness the special religious landmarks in the world. See the beauty of places with powerful religious significance, and walk through the streets where history was changed by people that had a spark of the divine within them. Faith tours are more than a journey of the body, but a journey of the soul as well.

A FORTHRIGHT FAITH TOUR TO WORLD-FAMOUS spiritual travel destinations.

Faith tours are about seeing the world in a richer, more meaningful way.

Faith tour itineraries are designed to show you a destination from a spiritual angle.

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A Faith tour is about travel that not only shows you incredible places, but enriches your spiritual life.

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These tours are often collections of small, quiet, and powerful moments. Stop to bask in the art and architecture inspired by the religion and spirituality of their creators.

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On a Faith tour, it is important to focus on the details. With Collette’s guided touring experience, your full attention will be on your travels.

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Our Faith tours try to stay humble, in keeping with the tone and essence of the places visited. This means the accommodations found are more on the modest side, keeping the focus on the spiritual element.

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Research on the Development of Religious Tourism and the Sustainable Development of Rural Environment and Health

Hsiao-hsien lin.

1 Department of Leisure Industry Management, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 41170, Taiwan

2 Department of Tourism Management, Athena lnstitute of Holidtic Wellness, Wuyi University, No 26, Wuyi Avenue, Wuyishan 354300, China

3 Institute of Physical Education and Health, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyu East Rd., Yulin 537000, China; wt.moc.oohay@861961g

Jao-Chuan Lin

4 Department of Marine Leisure Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811213, Taiwan; wt.ude.tsukn@lcj

Zhou-Fu Liang

5 School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Nanning Normal University, No. 175 Mingxiu East Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530001, China

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The purpose of the research is to explore how to reach a consensus on the development of cultural tourism and the sustainability of the entire rural environment from the perspective of different rights holders. Using Beigang Township in Taiwan as a case study, we first conducted a questionnaire survey and analyzed 600 respondents by statistical verifications method, then used an interview method to compile suggestions from experts and scholars, and finally conducted a field survey to collect actual information. After summarizing, organizing, and analyzing all the data, the study was examined in a multivariate manner. This study concludes that creating parking spaces, providing a comfortable resting place, facilitating the exchange of ideas, and improving the environmental literacy of the public will increase the public attention to issues such as village visibility, people interaction, ancient architecture, culture and totems, public health and transportation, and entrepreneurial development, as well as address the concerns of local residents and some men and people over 31–40 years old. By doing so, we can improve community building and security, enrich cultural resources, build and develop sufficient industries, stabilize prices, obtain a safe and hygienic village environment, increase the desire to revisit, become a recommendation for family travel, and achieve the goal of sustainable development of rural environment and health.

1. Introduction

Cultural tourism has gradually become an important source of income for the tourism industry. It is also a tourism asset that countries are investing in and developing one after another. Sites, architecture, art, festivals, religions, pilgrimages, etc., cultural relics or behaviors that can be remembered can be called cultural tourism resources [ 1 ]. However, general tourism resources will gradually be consumed due to the time and degree of use [ 2 ], and maintenance cost is required. However, religious beliefs and culture will not be exploited and consumed for development purposes, resulting in the exploitation or depletion of cultural resources that are increasingly impure. Instead, because of the uniqueness of local religious beliefs and culture, they are recognized by the public and attract more believers to worship them [ 3 ], which in turn adds to the mystery of local culture and makes local religious beliefs and culture more valued and preserved by the public [ 4 ]. It can be seen that religious cultural tourism resources are sustainable and have considerable potential for improving the current situation of rural development.

Religious culture is a unique belief in Chinese society. The belief in gods and goddesses arises when people face unpredictable natural or man-made disasters, or events beyond their ability, and seek spiritual support in the hope that the gods will bless them and their families to be safe, secure, and even prosperous [ 5 ]. Wude Temple was founded in 1955 and has a history of more than 30 years. It has become a famous temple of wealth on both sides of the Taiwan Strait [ 6 ].

Because of the frequent transmission of cultural deeds, the temple has won the trust of the faithful. In less than half a century, more than 6000 branches have been established on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, making the belief in the god of wealth one of the most rapidly developing beliefs in Taiwan [ 7 ]. Since 2010, the current authorities have combined the concept of cultural and creative industries to transform the operation of the temple with an innovative commercial management model. Blue Ocean strategy, intelligent innovation, and online platforms are applied to adapt to the competitiveness. Facilities and activities such as robots, five-way gods of wealth cards, cafes, and the Triacademy attract more consumers [ 8 ]. Despite natural disasters in 2019–2020 and Taiwan’s overall economic downturn, the Lunar New Year Festival attracted more than 100,000 people [ 9 ]. Successive national holidays have brought in tens of thousands of people. On average, the temple attracts at least 4 million worshippers each year [ 10 ], indirectly creating more than a million business opportunities. This shows that Wude Temple has established itself in the hearts of the Taiwanese people and has become an indispensable part of their faith, bringing new opportunities for economic development to Beigang, which was originally an agricultural area.

Although religious beliefs and culture are specific to a region and have a unique appeal, they can attract people’s interest to experience or participate in them, leading to tourism or consumer behavior and indirectly generating the flow of people and capital. However, while tourism development is a major contributor to the economic development of villages, there are always oversights in management decisions and can have positive and negative impacts on the economy, society, and the environment [ 11 , 12 , 13 ], affecting local sustainable development.

Moreover, the impact of tourism development is not instantaneous but requires time to prove, and usually occurs after the end of tourism activities [ 12 , 14 , 15 ]. Especially with the development of Internet technology and software technology [ 16 ], coupled with the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic [ 17 ], people have begun to change their behaviors and choices in tourism activities. In order to understand the changes generated by the development, exploring from the perspective of the residents can provide insight into the real state of local changes [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], and exploring from the experience of tourists can understand the real effectiveness and shortcomings of tourism development promotion [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Religious and cultural promotion of tourism development can unite society, give people spiritual support, promote economic circulation, and improve the community environment, but it can also cause an increase in local social events, inflate consumer costs, leave behind waste, and cause air and environmental pollution. Therefore, in order to achieve sustainable village development, we must not capture the views of a single target group but must ensure that both residents and visitors have a basic understanding of environmental literacy and a consensus on sustainable development, in order to achieve the goal of promoting sustainable economic development in villages through religious culture. By exploring the development dilemma from both residents’ and visitors’ perspectives, not only can we obtain a more nuanced view of the problem [ 18 , 22 , 23 ], but we can also obtain a consensus between them to solve the di-lemma they face.

Furthermore, according to the literature in the National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan, although the current research on religion, culture, and tourism are mostly qualitative in terms of investigating cultural characteristics and assets [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ], followed by the awareness of religious activities [ 2 , 16 , 27 ], and cultural creativity and merchandise [ 28 ], the most quantitative research is on the impact of religious and cultural tourism [ 29 , 30 ]. However, there are only two studies on the Wude Temple of the God of Wealth in Beigang, Yunlin, and only qualitative studies on religious culture [ 5 ] and temple business model [ 8 ], and no other studies have been conducted to investigate the impact of religious culture development on local tourism development.

Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to understand the impact of religious and cultural tourism activities on the development of rural communities and the surrounding environment. From the perspective of environmental perceptions of people from different backgrounds, the study aimed to present the views on the impact of development on the current situation of local communities and the surrounding environment after the promotion of tourism activities with cultural resources in rural areas, to identify the shortcomings of development, and to propose suggestions for improvement towards the goal of common prosperity.

1.1. The Importance of Environmental Literacy to the Development of Cultural Tourism

Cultural tourism is the act of using cultural artifacts, historical relics, and ancestral cultural creations as resources to attract tourists to travel and spend money. Culture is an inseparable tourism asset for the tourism industry [ 31 ]. However, cultural tourism cannot be properly developed without a beautiful natural environment, convenient traffic planning and transportation, and sales services of related industries and commodities in the vicinity [ 32 ]. It is clear that the promotion of cultural tourism still requires the integration of local economic, social, and environmental resources, and joint planning and development in order to effectively promote cultural tourism.

However, tourism development cannot be achieved overnight as it requires public recognition and cooperation for effective planning and development [ 18 , 22 , 23 ]. There has been a long-standing positive and negative debate on tourism development [ 11 , 12 , 13 ], which has not yet been properly resolved. The main reason is that tourist travel or consumption behavior has an impact on local economic, social, and environmental conditions, while residents continue to change the existing economic, social, and environmental conditions in order to obtain rich rewards and improve their quality of life [ 23 ]. As the global environment becomes more and more degraded and the problems arising from tourist behavior become more and more serious, individuals and society recognize the interaction between their living environment and the surrounding natural environment and the need to focus on individual or collective solutions to present or future environmental problems [ 33 ] and, therefore, begin to advocate environmental education and to appreciate its value deeply.

The value of environmental education is to enhance people’s environmental awareness and sensitivity, knowledge of environmental concepts, environmental values and attitudes, environmental action skills, as well as environmental action experiences [ 34 ]. In addition to the goals of technological integration, proactive participation in the problem-solving, balanced world and local perspectives, sustainable development, and international cooperation [ 35 ], environmental literacy should be cultivated so that citizens have basic environmental values and can effectively judge the strengths and weaknesses of development and help improve the current situation to achieve sustainable development. This shows that although culture may be damaged by tourism development if people can improve their knowledge of environmental education, be sensitive to tourism development, and develop environmental literacy, they will be able to reduce the negative impacts of tourism development and achieve the goal of sustainable development.

1.2. Establishment of Environmental Literacy Helps People Develop Cultural Tourism

Tourism is a global industry and a major economic source, but with global climate change, the problem of carbon emission and waste pollution from tourism activities is becoming more and more serious, so governments have started to pay attention to this problem actively [ 36 ]. The best way to solve the problems caused by tourism development is to improve the direction of development decisions and raise the level of environmental literacy of the people [ 37 ] so that decision-makers and the public can move toward a sustainable attitude toward tourism development decisions. It can be seen that exploring the current state of tourism development with people’s current attitude toward environmental literacy is a good way to examine the effectiveness and shortcomings of sustainable development of tourism decisions.

Tourism is generally seen as an important means of promoting local economic development [ 10 ], increasing local employment opportunities, improving local infrastructure, tax revenues, foreign investment, etc., and thus attracting more industries to the area [ 38 ], which not only contributes to the local economy but is also very beneficial to the economic positioning of the area [ 39 ]. The economic impact is easier to measure, has a more robust methodology, and is more convenient and reliable in terms of the amount of data available, and the economy is also the core interest of tourism development policy [ 40 ], so the issue of economic impact has been emphasized earlier than social and environmental impact.

The economic impact can be examined in terms of the price of people, industrial construction, and village development [ 16 ], which can lead to entrepreneurship and employment opportunities, increased wage income, increased tourism construction, increased tourism industries, the integration of local specialty industries, increased leisure opportunities, integrity of public facility maintenance, tourism development feedback to the community, convenience of public transportation, increased local health standards, development protection policy settings, development of creative goods and increased expenditure costs, and increased land and housing prices [ 16 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. Therefore, the researcher believes that the most accurate economic impact factors can be obtained by examining employment, wages, consumption, construction, industry, facilities, prices, incentives, health, cultural and creative activities, community feedback, and policy coordination.

The social impact is brought about by the intervention of tourism development, which can positively promote cultural and lifestyle communication, reduce population outflow, and maintain a more robust social structure, as well as contribute to the preservation of local culture due to the importance of tourism; a tendency for social relations to become increasingly indifferent and self-serving, and the negative effects are the change in the local social system, the possible deviation of individual behavior, the growing coldness and utilitarianism of social relations, and the local social conflicts due to racial discrimination [ 42 ]. These include improved material living conditions, diversification of occupational structures, decreasing trends of out-migration, narrowing of racial barriers, increased community openness, increased community conflicts, and seasonal unemployment generation and crime [ 43 ]. It will also influence the popularity of tourism, improve the quality of local tourism services and activities, increase leisure opportunities, encourage participation in community tourism affairs, provide sufficient local tourism indicators and options for recreational facilities, strengthen tourism development organizations, attract young people to return to their hometowns, preserve indigenous cultures, raise expenditure costs, increase land and housing prices, highlight local architectural features, make visitors feel friendly, interact well with residents, and increase cultural exchanges across the strait, and provide sufficient police and security personnel, and increase the willingness of people to revisit or purchase property in the area [ 20 , 21 , 44 ]. Therefore, the researcher believes that the most accurate social impact factors can be obtained by looking at tourism facilities, community building, living atmosphere, cultural security, and then exploring the aspects of popularity, service and activity quality, policy participation, tourism organization planning, cultural and architectural characteristics, security maintenance, community building, and public interaction.

There are two sources of environmental impacts, the first is the impact of the tourism activity itself, and the other is the impact of the facilities provided for the tourism activity [ 45 ]. The physical environment can be divided into the human-made environment and the natural environment, including soil erosion, vegetation destruction, and ecosystem changes [ 21 , 46 ]. The impact of the man-made environment includes traffic congestion, noise, and garbage caused by the increase of population, and the lack of space and environment resulting in the overload of physical facilities [ 16 , 20 ], and the impact of a large number of new era buildings forming an incongruous landscape with the existing facilities [ 43 ]. Therefore, researchers believe that the most accurate environmental impact factors can be obtained by looking at tourism and leisure facilities, natural ecosystems [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], public transportation, parking and open space, environmental quality of tourists, garbage, motor vehicle fumes, water, and air quality.

1.3. Analyze the Importance of the Relationship between Perceptions of Tourism Shocks and Willingness to Re-Tourism to Establish Rural Health and Environmental Sustainability

Tourism development can promote the local economy, enhance the living conditions and quality of life of local residents, and improve existing facilities and infrastructure to increase tourists’ willingness to visit and spend money there [ 23 , 38 , 40 ]. A good experience of the effectiveness of decision-making and development will help residents to actively cooperate and generate the will to continuously promote participation in tourism decision-making [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ], and a good tourism consumption experience will also increase tourists’ willingness to participate in tourism [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. The perceptions of decision effectiveness [ 54 , 55 ] and the current status of rural tourism development may also vary among different rights holders, genders, and ages [ 38 , 54 , 56 , 57 ].

Based on the above arguments, it is concluded that since villages can promote local economy through tourism development, improve community environment and facilities, enhance tourism conditions, and improve the quality of services and facilities, it will have a certain influence on the current situation of residents’ quality of life and tourists’ willingness to travel. Therefore, the researcher believes that there is a correlation between tourism impact perception and the desire to revisit or purchase a property.

2. Research Methods

2.1. research process and framework.

This study was designed to Beigang Wude Temple as a case and investigates the effect of Taiwan’s religious and cultural tourism for the development of rural tourism. Firstly, we collected relevant literature and conducted a questionnaire survey targeting local residents and tourists in Beigang from December 2020 to January 2021. A total of 800 questionnaires were distributed, and 600 valid questionnaires were retrieved, with a return rate of about 75%. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 22.0 software, and then descriptive analysis was conducted. Based on the analysis results, the field survey method was used to collect field information, and the interview method was used to collect the opinions of experts, seniors, and travelers, and the research paper was constructed by the sequence of summarization, organization, and analysis [ 20 ]. Finally, the multivariate verification analysis method was used to integrate the information of different research subjects, research theories, and methods, and to obtain accurate knowledge and meanings by comparing the research results from multiple perspectives and multiple data [ 20 , 58 , 59 ].

According to the above-mentioned literature [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ], the study investigated the economic, social, and environmental-related aspects and issues from the perception perspectives of different backgrounds, and the specific research framework is shown in Figure 1 .

Study framework.

According to the above framework, the research hypothesis is:

The development of religious and cultural tourism has no significant impact on the current economic development of the village.

There is no significant impact of religious and cultural tourism development on the social development of villages.

There is no significant impact of religious and cultural tourism development on village environment development.

There was no significant correlation between the impact of economic development and the willingness to revisit.

There was no significant correlation between the impact of social development and the willingness to revisit.

There was no significant correlation between environmental development impacts and the desire to revisit.

2.2. Research Tools

With reference to the literature on tourism impact [ 16 , 21 , 55 , 56 , 57 ], the economic, social, and environmental dimensions were categorized, and the subcomponents of the economic, social, and environmental dimensions were differentiated. The cognitive scale was designed using a five-point Likert scale, with a score of 5 for strongly agree, 4 for agree, 3 for generally agree, 2 for disagree, and 1 for strongly disagree, with the higher the score, the higher the cognitive level, and vice versa.

Reliability analysis can examine whether the measurement tool is reliable and stable. The α reliability coefficient method was used in this survey questionnaire, and SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the reliability of the questionnaire. Meanwhile, the coefficient value of Cronbach’s α is between 0 and 1, and the larger the α value, the better the correlation and the higher the reliability [ 60 ]. In general, an α value below 0.6 indicates that the internal consistency of the questionnaire is poor, an α value between 0.6 and 0.8 indicates that it is good, and if it is greater than 0.8, it indicates that the internal consistency of the questionnaire is very good [ 61 ]. The analysis showed that the Cronbach’s α coefficient was greater than 0.8 for economic, social, and environmental dimensions, so the reliability of the study questionnaire was higher for the economic dimension, as shown in Table 1 .

Classification table of tourism impact dimensions.

2.3. Research and Analysis

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of religious culture on the development of village tourism in Beigang Wude Temple. Quantitative research can get the opinions of most people, but cannot get detailed questions [ 62 , 63 ]. Although qualitative research can only represent the suggestions of a small number of people, with the answers provided by representative people, deeper and subtle insights can be obtained [ 64 ]. Mixed research methods can make up for shortcomings [ 65 ]. In order to obtain the most factual suggestions for improvement, the study first asked five industry members, scholars, and citizens who are familiar with the local development process and have relevant professional backgrounds and created an outline of the interviews by referring to the issues on which at least three people had a consensus. Based on the results of the questionnaire analysis, we then applied focused interviews to seek the opinions of professionals, scholars, and citizens who are familiar with the local development process and have relevant professional backgrounds, to obtain more factual truths and construct the best recommendations as shown in Table 2 .

Background information of the interviewees and outline of the interview.

Lastly, field surveys and interviews were conducted to collect actual information, and after summarizing, organizing, and analyzing all the data, a multivariate review was conducted.

The survey started in 2020, and the initial visitors were distributed all over the country. Due to limitations in manpower, material resources, and funding, field surveys were conducted first to observe the current status of village development and residents’ opinions. In addition, factors such as local farming, young people working outside the village, and the fact that the COVID-19 epidemic was not yet under control limited the initial collection of samples. Although the information was subsequently collected through a combination of online questionnaire platforms, the information collected by the researcher was flawed due to differences in respondents’ cooperation and proficiency in using 3C products. The limitations of the study will be presented in this paper, and we encourage subsequent researchers to correct them to improve on the study.

3. Results and Analysis

3.1. background analysis.

The analysis revealed that there was not much difference in the status of the respondents (45.5% of residents and 54.5% of tourists), but most of them were women (40.9%), aged between 21 and 50 (74.2%), mainly residents of central (48.5%) and southern (42.4%) areas, and mostly used their own cars for transportation (89.4%). Most of the spending amount was less than 35.71 USD (75.8%), mainly for prayers, donations, joss paper, and incense (72.8%), as shown in Table 3 .

Background disguised analysis table.

3.2. Analysis of the Awareness of the Impact of Religious and Cultural Tourism on Village Development

Culture is an indispensable trace of human civilization, and faith is a source of inspiration for most people. Religious and cultural concepts of the immutability and equality of all beings have been the means of transmitting the correct social values and fostering environmental and cultural awareness in our country from ancient times to the present [ 57 ]. Therefore, based on the premise of environmental awareness, exploring people’s views on promoting cultural tourism and maintaining the overall environment of rural communities [ 34 , 66 , 67 ] can be a sound proposal for sustainable rural development. However, development has positive and negative impacts on the economic, social, and environmental levels [ 12 , 16 ], and different backgrounds may lead to different perspectives, and acquiring different perspectives is beneficial for obtaining the best suggestions for improvement [ 16 , 23 , 55 , 56 , 57 ].

The questionnaire was designed based on the literature, and a Likert scale was used, with 1 meaning strongly disagree and 5 meaning strongly agree. The basic statistical tests were used to explore people’s perceptions of the current status of village development, and then the t-test and ANOVA tests were used to explore the perception differences among different status, gender, and age, and then the interview information was compared and explored in a multivariate verification method [ 20 , 58 ].

3.2.1. Analysis of the Awareness of the Impact of Religious and Cultural Tourism on the Village Economy

It was found that most people believed that the development of cultural tourism in Wude Temple has combined with local specialty industries (4.24), increased entrepreneurship and employment opportunities (3.95), and indirectly improved the standard of medical and health care (4.09). However, the effectiveness of the existing tourism development in giving back to the community (3.53) was not perceived, and the quality of public facilities (4.11) and public transportation (3.18) remained poor, which is not entirely consistent with the literature [ 14 , 21 , 53 , 54 , 55 ]. In addition, there was a significant difference in the perception of the current status of public facilities maintenance in communities with feedback from tourism development ( p < 0.01), and residents felt worse about the effectiveness of public facilities maintenance; the older they were, the worse they felt, as shown in Table 4 . Based on the above description, Hypothesis 1 was not confirmed.

Analysis of the awareness of the impact of religious and cultural tourism on the village economy.

* p < 0.01.

Although environmental education has been included in the basic curriculum of Taiwan national education for many years, and students have been cultivating a sense of environmental conservation for many years, coupled with the Chinese culture’s promotion of the concept of benevolence and love, and the religion’s promotion of the awareness of equality of all beings, Taiwanese people are well aware of ecological and environmental conservation. However, the overall economic development of rural areas is insufficient, and all industries are still waiting to be developed. Although the people have the awareness of ecological and environmental conservation, they still hope to continue to develop rural cultural tourism activities by combining local religious customs (4.24), ecological environment, and agricultural products, so as to attract believers and tourists to visit the villages and create a large number of business opportunities, and to improve employment and entrepreneurship opportunities (3.95), medical and health care, as well as to improve the quality of life (4.09). However, since most of the existing public temple cultural institutions in Taiwan are private organizations with self-funded operations, and in order to avoid suspicion, officials seldom take the initiative to communicate with each other on development planning issues, and the degree of cooperation is low, as a result, the feedback received by villages is not effective (3.53), and the quality of public facilities (4.11) and public transportation remains poor (3.18). As a result, most people feel strongly about changes in the integration of special industries, entrepreneurship and employment opportunities, and the standard of medical and health care, but feel poorly about the effectiveness of the development of feedback villages, public transportation, and public facilities.

While the public has a wealth of environmental awareness and experience, policies need to be discussed, decisions need to be driven by human and resources, and results need to be proven over time so visitors who stay for a short period will not be able to accurately judge the difference between before and after changes. Moreover, as tourism development extends over time, the magnitude of change increases and only those who have lived here for a long time will be able to feel it deeply. Therefore, residents believe that the development of tourism does not give back to the community (residents < tourists; 3.77:4.39) and maintain public facilities (residents < tourists; 3.60:4.25), and the older they are, the worse they feel (20 under > 21–30 > 31–40 > over 51 > 41–50). Based on the above description, the analysis results obtained cannot be in line with the Institute of Research Hypothesis 1.

3.2.2. Analysis of the Awareness of the Impact of Religious and Cultural Tourism on Village Society

It was found that most people thought that the development of cultural tourism in Wude Temple was helpful in enhancing the visibility of local tourism (4.47), friendly interaction between residents and tourists (3.91), and preservation of unique village humanistic architecture or landscape totems (4.17). However, the result is not entirely consistent with the literature [ 16 , 23 , 55 , 56 , 57 ], as police, firefighters, and security personnel (3.47), as well as tourism indicators (4.05), are not well planned, and architectural features (3.3) are gradually disappearing. The results are in line with the literature [ 16 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]. The issue of open space is significantly divided by gender ( p < 0.01), and men believe that parking and open space facilities need to be improved, while people aged 31–40 are more sensitive to the issues of social participation and development of tourism organizations, as shown in Table 5 . Based on the above description, Hypothesis 2 was not confirmed.

Analysis of the awareness of the impact of religious and cultural tourism on village society.

Most of the villages are remote areas where crowds do not easily gather. Promoting tourism development with religious, agricultural, and cultural specialties can effectively enhance local visibility (4.47). While residents expect to improve their quality of life and achieve long-term development, they do not want to lose their existing living habits (3.91), cultural cus-toms and features, and tourists do not want to lose their original village style and tourism features (4.17). However, due to the aging population, the outflow of young people (3.47), the small size of the village, and the limited space available for consumption (4.05), a large number of modern entertainment and consumption facilities have been built to meet the needs of tourists, forcing the demolition of existing buildings (3.3). Therefore, most people think that the visibility, preservation of unique village architecture or landscape totems, and interaction between residents and tourists are effective, while tourism indicators and police, firefighters, and security personnel are insufficient, and architectural features are gradually disappearing.

Since most people in Taiwan are highly educated and nurtured by sound professional knowledge and environmental teaching, they possess basic knowledge and have a high degree of environmental awareness and sensitivity. Most of the believers and cultural tourism tourists are family tourists, and there is little unused space in the rural areas. Excluding the living space of the existing residents, the shopping areas and stalls occupy the area, and the parking spaces for tourists are chaotic, resulting in tourists who are mainly male (father or elder brother) drivers often face the difficulty of finding a parking place (female > male; 3.56:3.97). Therefore, male citizens are more sensitive to the issue of parking and leisure facilities, while citizens aged 31–40 are more sensitive to the issue of social participation and the development of tourism organizations (31–40 > 20 under > over 51 > 21–30 > 41–50). Based on the above description, the analysis results obtained cannot be in line with the Institute of Research Hypothesis 2.

3.2.3. Analysis of the Awareness of the Impact of Religious and Cultural Tourism on the Village Environment

It was found that most people thought that the cultural tourism development of Wude Temple helped preserve the historical scenery and relics (4.00) and that the temple authorities provided sufficient space for public toilets (4.00). However, the planning of transportation outside the temple (3.06) was inconvenient, and the public trash cans were not clearly set up and insufficient (3.39), which is not exactly the same as in the literature [ 16 , 23 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]. Although respondents of different status and gender had the same opinion, the older they were, the worse they felt about the planning of public toilets and the effectiveness of historical scenery and maintenance of monuments, as shown in Table 6 . Based on the above description, Hypothesis 3 was not confirmed.

Analysis of the awareness of the impact of religious and cultural tourism on the village environment.

Although the ecological environment, history, customs, and ancient architecture are important tourism resources, the unique local religious culture is also a unique rural tour-ism feature. However, rural villages are scattered and have little space for tourism development, and the number is small and dense so maintaining resources (4.00) and providing a good public environment and sanitary space (4.00) is the key to improving the quality of tourism and services as well as sustainable development. However, because the main tourist activity space is far away from the road outside, the residential houses and the surrounding stores are crowded (3.06), the activity area is narrow and the available space for planning is limited (3.39). Therefore, most people think that the historical scenery and historical sites are well maintained, and the public toilets are well planned, but the public garbage cans are not well set up and insufficient in number, and the transportation is inconvenient.

Nevertheless, due to the limited building space available in the village temples, the lack of public space around them, the intermingling of residential and tourist areas, the aging population, the proliferation of elderly tourists, the outflow of young people, and the loss of labor force, it is impossible to provide adequate and complete public toilet facilities to satisfy the elderly worshippers (tourists). Moreover, the longer historical scenery and relics exist, the more precious they become, but the more easily they are damaged. Changes in scenery or resources can be experienced and felt by people who have lived there for a long time in a different time and context (20 under > 21–30 > 31–40 > 41–50 > over 51). Therefore, the older people are, the more deeply they feel that public restrooms are inadequate and that historical landscapes and monuments are not well maintained. Based on the above description, the analysis results obtained cannot be in line with the Institute of Research Hypothesis 3.

3.3. Correlation Analysis of Village Development Impact and Perception of Re-Tourism or Property Purchase Intention

Ultimately, tourism development aims to promote village development, improve existing facilities and infrastructure, meet the needs of tourists, and promote sustainable visitation and tourism consumption [ 23 , 38 , 40 , 55 ], which are sustainable development goals. Therefore, it is important to investigate the impact of village development on perceptions and willingness to revisit or purchase property to understand the key factors of people’s willingness to revisit or purchase properties. Therefore, the Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between the impact on cognition and the willingness to revisit or purchase properties.

3.3.1. Correlation between Economic Impact and Perception of Re-Tourism Willingness

It was found that there was a significant relationship between industrial development, private property prices, community development and the willingness to revisit or purchase properties ( p < 0.001), and the effectiveness of industrial development (0.686), community development (0.618), and private property prices (0.588) influenced the willingness to recommend friends and relatives to travel and experience, and the results were not identical in the literature [ 23 , 38 , 40 , 55 ], as shown in Table 7 . Based on the above description, Hypothesis 4 was no confirmed.

Correlation analysis of the economic impact and re-tourism intention.

** p < 0.001.

Although tourism development is currently advocated to be environmentally friendly and to move toward sustainable tourism development, for villages with religious culture and agricultural industry as development resources, having adequate industrial development, sound community development, and stable prices for people’s livelihoods are still the main keys to attracting people. Based on the above description, the analysis results obtained cannot be in line with the Institute of Research Hypothesis 4.

3.3.2. Correlation between Society Impact and Perception of Re-Tourism Willingness

It was found that there was a significant correlation ( p < 0.001) between community building, the culture of life, cultural security and the willingness to revisit or purchase property, and the effectiveness of community building (0.686), cultural security (0.618), and culture of life (0.588) affected the willingness to recommend friends and relatives to travel and experience, and the results were not identical in the literature [ 19 , 34 , 36 , 51 ], as shown in Table 8 . Based on the above description, Hypothesis 5 was no confirmed.

Correlation analysis of society impact and re-tourism intention.

Since villages have limited space for tourism development, organizing volunteers or bringing in manpower to maintain culture and law and order, deeply cultivating local human customs and cultural characteristics, using existing space for community building, as well as proper planning of tourism highlights, will be the basis for people to recommend their friends and relatives to visit the villages. Based on the above description, resulting in the analysis results obtained cannot be in line with the Institute of Research Hypothesis 5.

3.3.3. Correlation between Environment Impact and Perception of Re-Tourism Willingness

A significant correlation ( p < 0.001) was found between village environment, public health, and the willingness to revisit or purchase properties, and the effectiveness of public health (0.752) and village environment (0.317) influenced people’s attractiveness and willingness to re-engage in local activities and the results were not identical in the literature [ 23 , 38 , 40 , 55 ], as shown in Table 9 . Based on the above description, Hypothesis 6 was no confirmed.

Correlation analysis of the environmental impact and re-tourism intention.

* p < 0.01. ** p < 0.001.

The environment and sanitary conditions of tourism are the main factors for people to consider in their travel activities, especially in the current poor travel environment surrounded by viruses, a safe and sanitary travel environment is a key consideration. Therefore, maintaining a clean and safe public sanitary space in the village environment is a key factor to attract tourists to visit again and recommend their friends and relatives to visit with them. Based on the above description, the analysis results obtained cannot be in line with the Institute of Research Hypothesis 6.

4. Conclusions

Survey results show that although cultural tourism helps villages to improve their reputation, preserve historical sites, increase the integration of special industries, promote interaction among people, increase entrepreneurship and employment opportunities, and improve the standard of public toilets and medical sanitation, problems such as the lack of tourism feedback, inadequate village development, low number of public garbage cans, unclear settings, inconvenient transportation, insufficient public facilities, tourism indicators, and police and fire safety personnel, and the disappearance of local architecture have yet to be solved.

It was concluded that creating parking spaces, providing a comfortable resting place for tourists, creating an open exchange of ideas, and raising public awareness and consciousness of the environment would increase the importance of public issues such as village visibility, citizen interaction, ancient architecture, culture and totems, public health and transportation, and entrepreneurial development in the village, as well as address the concerns of local residents and some men and people over the age of 31–40. It will also improve community building and security, enrich cultural resources, provide adequate industrial infrastructure and development, stabilize prices, and achieve a safe and sanitary public environment, thus increasing the desire of people to revisit and making the village a recommended destination for family travel, and achieving the goal of sustainable development of rural environment and health.

Based on the above results, the following suggestions are made:

4.1. Local Government

Development does not only depend on local rural characteristics and tourism resources but also requires administrative and financial support from government agencies in order to have proper development space and community planning.

If the local government can entrust experts and scholars to conduct field Tacha, reforming surrounding tourist moving lines, link temples and cultural organizations, to collect the views of residents, aid to promote the depth of cultural tourism.

4.2. Local Authorities

Development does not rely solely on government resources and enthusiastic public input, but also on talents with professional knowledge and skills, in order to continuously explore local characteristics, create uninterrupted tourism appeal, and achieve sustainable development goals.

If local governments or tourism development organizations can refer to the suggestions of local cultural organizations and professionals, conserve local cultural assets, and use resources to develop tourism activities or products, they can create tourism highlights.

4.3. Policy Makers

Visionary leaders are critical but gathering more information and recruiting more expertise can lead to innovative, sound, and trend-aligned decisions.

If government agencies can invite existing villagers, organize community volunteer organizations, set up entrepreneurial technology courses, encourage residents to participate, and combine local high school courses and manpower, it can solve the problem of insufficient development manpower.

4.4. Suggestions for Future Research

Since the study mainly takes Beigang Wude Temple as a case study, it explores the influence of Taiwan’s religious and cultural tourism on the development of rural tourism, and the different cultural customs and characteristics of different regions may also cause different village development impacts.

Therefore, the researchers believe that it is recommended that future researchers continue to explore religious and cultural tourism or related issues based on differences in different countries, regions, different rights, and ages, and understand the understanding and differences of peers on this topic in order to improve related research flaws.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, H.-H.L. and Z.-F.L.; methodology, H.-H.L.; software, Y.L.; validation, J.-C.L., Y.L.; formal analysis, H.-H.L.; investigation, J.-C.L.; resources, Z.-F.L.; data curation, Y.L.; writing—original draft preparation, H.-H.L. and Z.-F.L.; writing—review and editing, H.-H.L.; visualization, H.-H.L.; supervision, H.-H.L.; project administration, Z.-F.L.; funding acquisition, J.-C.L., Y.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

This research received no external funding.

Institutional Review Board Statement

All subjects in the study were anonymously labeled and agreed to participate in the survey.

Informed Consent Statement

Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

Data Availability Statement

Conflicts of interest.

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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Faith Tourism

The evaluation of touristic trips that people make in order to realize their religious beliefs, outside the places where they constantly reside, work and meet their usual needs, within the scope of tourism is defined as Faith Tourism. Religious tourism refers to all travel outside the usual environment for religious purposes, excluding travel for professional purposes (e.g. priests travelling for work).(UNWTO, 1995).

Faith tourism contributes to the development of world tourism, the spread of universal peace and understanding, economic recovery, socialization and the development of centers of faith. In this context, İstanbul  , which contains the sacred places of worship of the heavenly religions, is an important faith tourism center with historical mosques like Hagia Sophia Grand Mosque, churches like Iron Church, St. Antuan Church, synagogues like Neve Shalom.  United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/epdf/10.18111/9789284420858

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Faith-Based, Religious Travel Strong and Growing

Call it what you will – religious travel, faith-based touring or spiritual journeys – the statistics surrounding the size and potential of this market are staggering. A survey by Globus put the total market for religious travel in the U.S. (past and potential) at about 16.6 million people. In 2008 more than 900,000 people from the U.S. traveled internationally for religious purposes, according to the U.S. Commerce Department. And, nearly one-quarter of all U.S. travelers are currently interested in taking a spiritual vacation, according to a study by the U.S. Travel Association. “There is a very large portion of Americans interested in this market,” Kevin J. Wright, president of the World Religious Travel Association, told Travel Market Report. But, he added, travel sellers still aren’t completely familiar with everything the market offers. Defining the market: The religious travel market has traditionally been driven by pilgrimages (such as visiting Israel, the Vatican or Rome with a religious objective in mind) and missionary travel. But over the past five to 10 years, the market has broadened significantly. “Today religious travel includes people of faith going to religious events and conferences, traveling on faith-based cruises, doing voluntourism,” said Wright. Even the annual church or temple ski trip is a form of religious tourism. Faith-based safaris – regular safaris that include a stop to have a devotional service or bible reading – are also increasing in popularity, he said. Identifying the traveler: According to a Menlo Consulting Group/Globus study, the majority of religious travelers are well-educated – more than 60% have graduated from college or attended or completed graduate school. More than half have a household income of more than $75,000, and 70% are married. Interest in religious travel is evenly divided across age groups; about one-third of each age group surveyed (18-34, 35-54 and 55+) have expressed an interest in taking a spiritual vacation. More than 90% of the religious travel market is Christian, but faith-based travel also includes Jewish and Muslim travel (especially Mecca-related), and to a smaller extent Buddhists, Yoga practitioners and other spiritual disciplines and faiths. Within these broad religious groupings, there are more specific markets, including Catholic, Baptist, Orthodox Jewish, etc. Groups, usually ranging in size from 30 to 40 people, form the mainstay of the market.

Connaissance Travel and Tours in Toronto, Canada, offers customized Christian and Catholic travel. According to Tres Lobo, director of sales and product, about 95% of the agency’s religious travel is in groups. Average group size is about 45, although the agency has handled groups as large as 400 people. Most popular destinations: According to Lobo, traditional pilgrimage destinations include The Holy Land, comprised of some combination of Israel, Jordan, Egypt and Turkey; as well as Fatima (Portugal), Lourdes (France), and Guadalupe in Mexico, among others. “It’s a very specialized market in terms of where they want to go, so agents need to decide on which region they would like to develop in the initial stage, because you can’t do everything all at the same time,” Lobo said. “I would focus on the Holy Land, or some combination of Israel, Egypt and Jordan, as that is the number one region.” Vickie S. Everhart, manager of Krouse Travel Group in Manchester, Penn., recommends a broader approach. Krouse Travel has been selling Holy Land tours for 14 years and Everhart said demand for that area is highly susceptible to political developments in the region. One-quarter of Krouse Travel’s group business is in the religious travel market. “If a company wants to do faith travel then they need to look at the groups and try to figure out, beyond pilgrimages, what kind of activities they would enjoy, like faith cruises,” Everhart said. “That way if groups that were thinking about going to the Holy Land become frightened because something happens in that region, they have other things they can offer them.” Getting started in the market: As with any other special interest market, education is the first step to successful involvement. Wright said understanding religious travel and the major players is fundamental. It is also extremely important for agents to be sensitive to the needs of different groups. Everhart said. “You have to treat these groups a little differently in what you offer and what places you would take them. You have to have sensitivities to some of the things they may or may not enjoy or appreciate,” she said. For example, Everhart works with some groups that are opposed to gambling and drinking, so Las Vegas would not be an appropriate suggestion. Other religious groups she works with enjoy Las Vegas. “You just have to be a good listener and not come in with your own ideas of what would be okay or not okay,” she said. “If you send them somewhere they’re not comfortable, they’re probably not going to do it again.” RESOURCES World Religious Travel Association : WRTA offers a Religious Travel Market Educational Course, designed to educate travel agents about the market, focusing on North American travelers. CTCs, CTAs and CTIEs who complete the course will earn 3 continuing education units (CEUs). http://www.thetravelinstitute.com/home.cfm?tn=standard&menuid=238&navids=1,238&pageid=1094 WRTA also offers free webinars throughout the year, and conducts a yearly religious travel expo including seminars and a trade show.

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15 Top Religious Attractions in the U.S.

Faith Based Travel

Throughout the United States there are a plethora of religious attractions associated with our nation’s heritage that are of special interest to faith travelers

From libraries and museums to churches and heritage centers, travelers of faith have many options when it comes to finding meaningful religious attractions. The following are 15 noteworthy places of special interest to faith-based travelers, all of which can be a memorable addition to a group travel itinerary.

Billy Graham Library

Billy Graham’s life and mission are nowhere better expressed than at the Billy Graham Library . Styled after a dairy barn and featuring a cross-shaped entrance, it is located on a 20-acre plot near where Graham grew up in Charlotte, N.C. The library is a testament to the evangelistic work of Billy Graham, a man whose desire to preach the Gospel would span over 50 years of ministry and reach more than 215 million people in over 185 countries worldwide.

Visitors to the library can retrace Graham’s evangelical journey through multimedia presentations, photos and other memorabilia. They also get an intimate look at Graham’s roots by touring the carefully restored home where Graham lived as a boy.

Admission is free and hours of operation are Monday through Saturday, 9:30 a.m.-5:00 p.m. Groups of 15 or more will need a reservation, which can be scheduled by calling 704-401-3270.

Creation Museum

Biblical stories come alive at Creation Museum, a 70,000-square-foot facility featuring an ambitious two-story museum and lush outdoor garden. Located in Petersburg, Ky., the museum is meant to provide a new way of experiencing scriptural history. The area inside the museum is divided into uniquely configured spaces that allow visitors to interact with its 160 exhibits. Visitors will encounter creative representations of the wonders of creation, the tragedy of the fall, the life and mission of Jesus and his promise for the future.

Credit: Creation Museum

They will feel like they are walking through biblical history as they see murals, animatronic dinosaurs and life-size humans, the two-story dinosaur exhibit, the fossil exhibit, the exotic animal petting zoo, the botanical garden and a mile-long nature trail. The special effects theater, equipped with rumbling seats and mist machines takes visitors on an imaginative journey involving dinosaurs, dragons, the six days of creation and more. Visitors who wish to learn more may attend workshops and specific programs hosted each week.

Groups visiting Creation Museum enjoy special assistance for check-in and discounted rates. A minimum of 15 is required for a group reservation, which must be made two weeks in advance. (888-582-4253, creationmuseum.org )

Ark Encounter

Ark Encounter is a modern engineering marvel as it features a full-size Noah’s Ark built according to the dimensions given in the Bible. Spanning 510 feet long, 85 feet wide and 51 feet high, this incredible creation amazes visitors young and old. Ark Encounter opened in 2016 and contains 132 bays, each standing about 18 feet high arranged into three decks. Bays on the first deck contain models of animals believed to be on the ark. The second deck features additional animal models along with dioramas of Noah’s workshop. Bays on the third deck contain displays presenting what many believe may have happened inside and outside the ark during the flood. Since its opening, Ark Encounter has attracted around 1 million visitors per year, making it one of the most popular religious attractions in the U.S. (800-721-2298, arkencounter.com/groups/ )

Christ Cathedral

The stunning Christ Cathedral in Garden Grove, Calif., blends the innovation and sophistication of contemporary architecture with the magnificence and grandeur of medieval cathedrals. Recognized as an architectural treasure, the cathedral, designed by architect Phillip Johnson and containing 10,000 panes of glass is a beautiful expression of light and space as well as grandeur and intimacy.

Formerly known as the Crystal Cathedral, this church has a storied history and is today home to the Diocese of Orange. The Christ Cathedral is filled with a collection of architecturally significant buildings on a 34-acre campus that includes the Christ Cathedral, Arboretum, Large and Small Galleries, Tower of Hope, Crean Tower, Diocese of Orange Pastoral Center and Cathedral Cultural Center. ( christcathedralcalifornia.org/ )

Trinity Church

Trinity Church in New York’s Lower Manhattan is a parish rooted in the Episcopal tradition with ties to the Anglican Communion. Located amid towering skyscrapers on Broadway at Wall Street, Trinity Church was originally built in 1697 and rebuilt in 1788 after burning down in 1776. Until the 1860s, the 280-foot steeple was the highest point in the city and a landmark for ships at sea. Its graveyard contains the remains of Alexander Hamilton, the first United States Secretary of the Treasury, and Robert Fulton, developer of the steamboat. The Trinity Museum hosts special exhibitions and concerts throughout the year, and displays burial records, maps and other artifacts. (212-602-0800, trinitywallstreet.org )

Pope John Paul II Cultural Center

Originally built to house a Roman Catholic museum and think tank, Pope John Paul II Cultural Center in Washington, D.C. was meant to explore the intersection of faith and culture through museum exhibits, academic discussions, interactive displays and religious attractions. Due to financial woes, the center was put up for sale. In August 2011, Carl Anderson, Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus, the world’s largest Roman Catholic fraternal service organization, announced plans to purchase the center and turn it into a shrine and museum honoring the life of Pope John Paul II.

The center is open to the public Tuesday through Saturday 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. and Sunday 12 noon to 5 p.m. The shrine holds Mass on Tuesdays and Thursdays. Visitors can see the kneeler where Pope Benedict XVI prayed during his 2008 visit to Washington. (202-635-5400, jp2shrine.org )

Wycliffe Discovery Center

The Wycliffe Discovery Center in Orlando, Fla. is a faith-based organization that offers visitors an opportunity to experience the Bible in a unique way. The center is named after John Wycliffe, the 14th century English scholar who translated the Bible into the common language. Through multimedia presentations, computer games and simulations, and hands-on activities, the discovery center allows visitors to explore the Bible’s history, linguistic and cultural issues, and the ongoing work of Bible translation. Lunch and snacks are available in the Karibuni Cafe, and the Village Shop features unique gifts and mission resources. (407-852-3626, wycliffe.org/discoverycenter )

Maltz Museum of Jewish Heritage

Cleveland’s Maltz Museum of Jewish Heritage opened in 2005 with the mission of fostering tolerance and understanding by sharing Jewish heritage through an American perspective. Stories of individuals and families both past and present become real through artworks, films, interactive exhibits, oral histories and other artifacts. The building itself is made with golden Jerusalem limestone that was mined and hand-chiseled in southern Israel.

The museum is divided into seven themed areas, each telling a part of the story: from immigration to assimilation, the triumphs and tragedies, and all the culture and religion that came along. Also emphasized are Cleveland’s Jewish immigrants and their role in the city’s history. (216-593-0575, maltzmuseum.org )

Affiliated with Diamond Hill Cathedral, BibleWalk in Mansfield, Ohio features life-size figures and scenes from the Bible made out of wax, fiberglass and vinyl. A walk through the museum showcases a wax tableau of The Last Supper along with Jesus and the Children and The Woman at the Well. Along with housing a collection of rare Bibles, religious artifacts and folk art, popular exhibits at the museum are the Christian Art Gallery and The Walk of the Parables featuring 39 original oil paintings by noted religious artist Mark Pedro. To add a slice of entertainment for religious trips, the museum also has dinner shows throughout the year like the King’s Christmas Story and The Innkeeper. (1-800-222-0139, biblewalk.us/ )

Temple Square

Temple Square in downtown Salt Lake City is the world headquarters of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and one of Utah’s top tourist and religious attractions. Open every day of the year, the square is run in part by hundreds of volunteers and missionaries. Visitors to the 35 acres of Temple Square will find there’s not enough time in a day to experience over 15 attractions and special events as they are immersed in Mormon culture and heritage.

The square hosts free guided tours and presentations featuring historic sites, special exhibits, art displays, films, and parks and gardens. Other attractions include the largest genealogy library of its kind in the world and the celebrated Mormon Tabernacle Choir and Orchestra. Restaurants and other catering are available to help make the visit a memorable one. (800- 363-6027, visittemplesquare.com )

Museum of the Bible

Following its debut in November 2017, the Museum of the Bible offers visitors the chance to experience the bible in a whole new way. Located in Washington, D.C., the museum’s six floors all contain different exhibits that work to explore the narrative, history, as well as the impact of the Bible. Visitors have the chance to walk on land through the Red Sea, eat biblically inspired food, see fascinating treasures from Vatican and Israel, and discover the influence the Bible has had on American culture. The museum also features a rooftop garden, a ballroom, restaurants and a 500-person amphitheater. (866-430-6682, https://www.museumofthebible.org/ )

St. Patrick’s Cathedral

St. Patrick’s Cathedral, located in New York City, is considered to be one of the most visible symbols of the Catholic Church in the United States and is one of the most celebrated religious attractions. Decorated in the Neo-Gothic style, the cathedral features stained glass windows, 300-foot-tall spires and high quality marble designs.

Built with the intention of replacing a previous cathedral, St. Patrick’s Cathedral was erected in 1879 and has since become the seat of the archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York. The cathedral was also designated as a landmark in 1976. (212-755-4128, https://www.saintpatrickscathedral.org/ )

Temple Emanu-El

Temple Emanu-El is the first Reform Jewish congregation in New York and has remained an integral part of the Reform branch of Judaism ever since it was founded in 1845. The congregation originally started with 33 Jewish people, but the community now consists of over 2,250 Jewish households.

In terms of architecture, the temple is a blend of different styles from Romanesque with the lancet windows to Byzantine with the double-domed ceiling. It’s size also rivals the largest synagogues in Europe including the Grand Choral Synagogue of St. Petersburg and Moscow Choral Synagogue. It is among the most prominent religious attractions in New York City today, with stunning interior and exterior features. (212-744-1400, https://www.emanuelnyc.org/ )

Drala Mountain Center

Located near the Colorado Rockies, the Drala Mountain Center is a Buddhist retreat that sits on nearly 600-acres of grassy fields and native forests. Established by a Tibetan meditation master in 1971, the Drala Mountain Center offers over 100 different programs every year including yoga instruction, mindful living, contemplative arts and leadership training.

Drala is also home to the Great Stupa of Dharmakaya, which is one of the most significant examples of sacred architecture. Said to promote harmony and prosperity, the Great Stupa also features a golden statue of Buddha and symbolic decorations.

Accommodations for guests range from fine lodge rooms with private baths to seasonal tents located on hillsides. Meals are also included with vegetarian options available as well. (888-788-7221, https://www.shambhalamountain.org/ )

El Santuario de Chimayó

This 200-year-old Roman Catholic church located near Santa Fe is regarded as one of the most important Catholic pilgrimage centers in the United States. El Santuario de Chimayó has been the destination for a traditional Easter pilgrimage that began when the U.S. soldiers and sailors who fought during the Bataan Death March prayed to Santo Niño for their deliverance.

Every year over 300,000 people come to make pilgrimages as a way of seeking blessings or fulfilling a vow. Visitors also come in hopes of a miraculous cure from the “holy dirt” that is located in a small room on the premise called el pocito .

In 1970, the church was proclaimed a National Historic Landmark. (505-351-9961, https://www.holychimayo.us/ )

For more religious attractions and travel inspiration be sure to visit our Affinity Travel archive  and  subscribe for FREE  to Leisure Group Travel.

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Praiseworthy Destinations for Faith-Based Tours

D estinations that emphasize simpler ways of living, offer wholesome entertainment, feature friendly faces and serve homestyle cooking have long appealed to faith-based travelers. add natural beauty and religious attractions, and these faith-based groups find much to praise. here are some destinations that deliver what the faithful seek., amish country, indiana.

Elkhart County, Indiana, is a collection of small towns and communities in the northern part of the state. The county has a strong connection to Amish and Mennonite culture and its reputation for craftsmanship, art and farmland.

“The appeal of Amish Country is the idea that the Amish, because of their views on technology, live a simple life,” said Terry Mark, director of communications and public relations at the Elkhart County, Indiana, Convention and Visitors Bureau. “Compared to the life that a lot of people are accustomed to, it’s a much different lifestyle.”

Shopping is abundant in Amish Country, with “shingle shops,” small shops on Amish farmsteads where furniture and other goods are sold, as well as shopping destinations like Coppes Commons, a reclaimed cabinet factory where popcorn, ice cream, pretzels and other baked goods are sold in shops and eateries. The Evelyn Lehman Culp Heritage Museum at the Nappanee Center is home to a large collection of works by Emma Schrock, a well-known Amish painter. In the summer, Quilt Gardens, gardens throughout the area designed to resemble quilt patterns, brighten the landscape.

Dining in Amish Country delivers traditional favorites. Groups can arrange to have a home-cooked meal in an Amish home or visit Middlebury’s Das Dutchman Essenhaus, the largest restaurant in Indiana, for Amish favorites like fried chicken, roast beef and mashed potatoes with homemade pies for dessert.

visitelkhartcounty.com

Dallas is known for its sports teams, Tex-Mex cuisine, shopping, a massive state fair and a lively arts and music scene, a combination that appeals to faith-based groups.

“It’s a very family-friendly city,” said Andrea Coker, director of communications at Visit Dallas. “We’re in the heart of the Bible Belt, and there are ways to see the beauty that God made right here in Dallas.”

Among the beauty spots are the Dallas Arboretum and its 66 acres of trails and botanical gardens, as well as the Dallas Zoo, the largest zoo in the state, where more than 2,000 animals live in habitats built across 106 acres.

Art excursions can go in different directions. Guided tours of the Museum of Biblical Art showcase its collection of art with Biblical themes and subjects. The Dallas Museum of Art displays works by Jackson Pollock, Vincent Van Gogh, Georgia O’Keeffe, Claude Monet and other notable artists.   The Perot Museum of Nature and Science’s five floors of exhibits examine subjects like dinosaurs, engineering and outer space.

Near the Perot Museum, Meso Maya Comida y Copas serves tasty authentic Mexican food, like carne asada and pollo con mole. The Exchange Food Hall, an upscale food hall in the AT&T Discovery District, gives tour members the chance to choose from among 11 restaurants and two bars.

visitdallas.com

Branson, Missouri

A hub for lively fun in the serene Ozark mountains, Branson, Missouri, has been entertaining for a long time. This town of about 13,000 residents on the White River is visited by 10 million people each year. Tourism has been its major industry for over 100 years, and for good reason. “There’s nothing in Branson you can’t take your three-year-old or your 103-year-old grandma to,” said Yvonne Long, senior sales manager at the Branson/Lakes Area Chamber of Commerce and Convention and Visitors Bureau. “We live in a wonderful bubble of Midwestern values and faith and family.”

One of Branson’s top attractions is Silver Dollar City, a 100-acre theme park that’s a throwback to the 1880s. It combines demonstrations by craftsmen with amusement park rides and live entertainment. Groups can see a show, enjoy 1880s-themed meals and ride rollercoasters. With 40 theaters and approximately 110 shows, Branson is definitely a theater town, and it has several shows that appeal to faith-based groups in particular. Sight and Sound Theatre tells stories from the Bible, while Dolly Parton’s Stampede combines musical theater with homestyle cooking and extravagant stunts.

The Ozarks scenery and city’s three lakes bring people outdoors. The Top of the Rock has golf courses and wide views as well as a natural history museum. Pink Jeep Tours go off-road to see the mountains up close. With a host of other attractions, from the Titanic Museum to the Aquarium at the Boardwalk, groups won’t run out of ways to fill their time in Branson.

explorebranson.com

Charlotte, North Carolina

Some 2.6 million people call the Charlotte metropolitan area home. But this city’s size doesn’t diminish its hospitable spirit, especially for faith-based travelers.

“We’re nestled in the southeastern corner of the Bible Belt, and we have over 700 churches in and around Charlotte,” said Chacara Harvin, travel trade marketing manager at the Charlotte Regional Visitors Authority. “We have that gracious spirit and welcoming environment.”

One of Charlotte’s most iconic attractions, especially for religious groups, is the Billy Graham Library. The library and museum honor one of the best-known evangelists of all time and share his message of faith and Christian values. Set on 20 acres, the library is shaped like a barn to remind of Graham’s childhood on a dairy farm. After an interactive, multimedia tour, groups can stop at the Graham Brothers’ Dairy Bar for barbecue or homemade ice cream. Not far down the road, they’ll find the Graham Family Homeplace, the house where Graham grew up, which is also available for tours.

To discover even more about Graham’s life, C-Charlotte Tours takes groups through the city, stopping at sites relevant to Graham’s life, including the Bank of America Stadium, where Graham held his last four Crusade events in the 1990s. Groups that visit around the holidays can check out light displays at the Charlotte Motor Speedway and the Orchid Conservatory at Daniel Stowe Botanical Gardens.

Charlotte’s culinary scene is a delicious delight. Supperland, in two historic church buildings, is a fusion of church potluck and steakhouse cuisine. Groups can also grab a bite at Nana Morrison’s Soul Food, known for its smothered pork chops and candied yams, or catch dinner with a show at NarroWay Productions.

Pigeon Forge, Tennessee

One of Pigeon Forge, Tennessee’s biggest draws is its proximity to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, one of the busiest national parks in the country. The mountains are a majestic backdrop to the city and an attraction in and of themselves both for hikers and those who simply like to take in the views.

In addition to natural beauty, Pigeon Forge offers a like-minded community for faith-based travelers.

“If they’re a faith-based group, they feel at home here because there’s a kindred spirit,” said Mike Gwinn, senior sales manager at the Pigeon Forge Department of Tourism. “It’s very welcoming, and they can sense God’s presence here.”

Many people come to Pigeon Forge to go to Dollywood, Tennessee’s number-one ticketed attraction. Known for a wholesome atmosphere and live music, Dollywood’s dinner shows have themes that range from pirates to the Hatfield and McCoy feud.

The city also is known for its shopping and entertainment districts. Among them is the Island in Pigeon Forge, an amusement park with rides and plenty of local shops and boutiques. Another is the Old Mill Square, the site of a historic mill which is on the National Register of Historic Places. There, groups can enjoy traditional Southern favorites at the Old Mill Restaurant, the Old Mill Pottery House Café and the Old Mill Creamery and visit the district’s general store, pottery store and other shops.

mypigeonforge.com

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Faith-Based Tourism Market: Revitalization of Pilgrimages Set to Drive US$ 40.92 Billion Revenue Growth by 2033 | FMI

The global  faith-based tourism market  could total  US$ 15.07 billion by 2023. The report also discloses that the market is anticipated to boom at a remarkable  CAGR of 10.5% , surpassing a market valuation of  US$ 40.92 billion  by 2033.

More individuals are traveling to places that are significant to their faith or beliefs as a result of growing religious diversity and globalization. There is a growing interest in these individuals in participating in interfaith activities. They desire to gain insight into other cultures and religions. This is likely to open up the potential for faith-based tourism.

Faith-based tourism allows tourists to have genuine and meaningful experiences. This includes attending religious services, taking part in rituals, and interacting with the local population. This is consistent with the rising demand for immersive travel. Here, tourists aim to fully engage themselves in the cultures and customs of the places they visit.

Growing desire in exploring deeper spiritual and religious connections is primarily driving the market. Many individuals are seeking deep travel experiences that let them discover and interact with spiritual or religious places.

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Travel is becoming more affordable and accessible to a wider proportion of the population. Increased disposable incomes in many regions of the world are the reason behind this. A demand exists for faith-based tourism experiences as more individuals can travel on religious or spiritual pilgrimages to pursue their interests.

Through the use of online reservation services, travel apps, and social media, traveling on a religious basis has never been easier or more convenient. Travelers now find it easy to plan, reserve, and share their faith-based travel adventures. This is likely to fuel the expansion of the faith-based tourism industry.

Key Trends in the Faith-Based Tourism Market

In recent years, the global travel landscape has witnessed a significant surge in a distinctive niche – Faith-Based Tourism. This unique sector caters to individuals seeking spiritual enrichment, pilgrimage experiences, and cultural exploration tied to their religious beliefs. As we delve into the key trends shaping the Faith-Based Tourism Market, a fascinating tapestry of cultural, technological, and experiential shifts comes to light.

• Tech-Enhanced Pilgrimages:  Embracing modernity without compromising tradition, Faith-Based Tourism has seamlessly integrated technology. Mobile apps, virtual reality, and augmented reality now facilitate virtual pilgrimages, allowing believers to immerse themselves in sacred sites and religious ceremonies remotely.
• Sustainable and Responsible Travel:  An increasing consciousness towards environmental sustainability and responsible tourism is transforming the Faith-Based Tourism Market. Pilgrims are opting for eco-friendly accommodations, sustainable transport, and supporting local communities to minimize their environmental impact.
• Diversification of Pilgrimage Destinations:  Beyond traditional pilgrimage sites, there is a growing trend of exploring alternative destinations with historical or cultural significance. Pilgrims are seeking new spiritual experiences by venturing off the beaten path, contributing to the economic development of lesser-known locales.
• Customized Faith Journeys:  Tour operators are recognizing the diverse needs of the faith-based traveler. Tailor-made itineraries, catering to specific religious and cultural preferences, are gaining popularity. This trend reflects a shift from standardized packages to personalized and immersive experiences.

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Competitive Landscape

Faith-based tourism market players include tour operators, travel agencies, and pilgrimage planners. Moreover, religious institutions, accommodation corporations, transportation businesses, and online travel agencies. They provide different services, including planning religious tours and pilgrimages, delivering spiritual experiences, and offering alternatives for lodging and transportation. In addition, they also arrange for well-informed guides, manage religious rituals, and provide cultural insights to meet the special requirements and interests of tourists.

Key Players

• Martin Randall Travel Ltd
• Heritage Tours & Travels
• Bestway Tours & Safaris
• Regina Tours
• Travelway Europe
• 206 Tours Inc.
• Maranatha Tours
• Indus Travels Inc.
• Brightspark Travel Inc.
• Wendy Wu Tours
• ACE Cultural Tours
• Kesari Tours Pvt Ltd
• Go Thailand Tours
• S. Travel & Tours Co., Ltd
• Vansol Travel & Tours
• Catholic Travel Centre
• Amiel Tours LTD
• Israel Travel Providers, LLC
• Gil Travel Group

Key Developments

• The Culture Travel Company was founded in 2017 by Martin Randall Travel Ltd. The goal of this invention is to provide top-notch cultural travel experiences at reasonable costs. The opening of this brand-new business provides customers with different tours, group dinners, and free time.
• Additional pilgrimages have been introduced by Regina Tours to both nearby and distant locations, including Canada, Mexico, Greece, Germany, Poland, and Ireland.

Global Faith-based Tourism Market by Category

• Day Trips & Local Gateways
• Pilgrimages
• Religious and Heritage Tours

By Booking Channel:

• Phone Booking
• Online Booking
• In Person Booking

By Tourist Type:

• International

By Tour Type:

• Independent Traveler
• Package Traveler

By Consumer Orientation:

By Age Group:

• 15 to 25 Years
• 26 to 35 Years
• 36 to 45 Years
• 46 to 55 Years
• 66 to 75 Years
• North America
• Latin America
• The Middle East and Africa(MEA)

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Please note you do not have access to teaching notes, religious tourism and sustainability: from devotion to spiritual experience *.

Tourism in the Mediterranean Sea

ISBN : 978-1-80043-901-6 , eISBN : 978-1-80043-900-9

Publication date: 1 March 2021

Beginning with a historical outline and the definition of tourism as a privileged opportunity for physical and spiritual renewal, the author deals with the question of how young people put themselves in touch with religion and spirituality. After 2012, Catholic pastoral has changed: not only devotional attention to the pilgrimages but also an overview of the resources constituted by sacred places as a tool for socioeconomic and cultural development of destinations. Religious tourism means an appropriate moment to let the body relax and to nourish the spirit: from this approach, the author shows examples of ‘ religious light tourism’ in Europe founded on an ecumenical approach and on sustainability. The effects are positive: for the offer, new jobs (guides, resorts, enogastronomic and folkloristic services); for the demand, a new way to preserve the beauty of creation for future generations, by offering emotional and not massive travels: Caminos, trekking and slow paths, in order to know local traditions and nature. Therefore, ‘religious light tourism’ is a champion of sustainability and responsible tourism because religious tourism is, usually, less affected by season's trends, social and economic crisis (but not in the present COVID-19!).

• Religious light tourism
• Sustainability
• Responsible tourism
• Spirituality

Cugini, A. (2021), "Religious tourism and Sustainability: From Devotion to Spiritual Experience * ", Grasso, F. and Sergi, B.S. (Ed.) Tourism in the Mediterranean Sea , Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 55-73. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80043-900-920211006

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CALL FOR PAPERS

Global call to the academic community.

Dear Colleagues, The Conference on “ANATOLIAN LANDSCAPE AND FAITH TOURISM: ANCIENT TIMES TO PRESENT (ALFT'22)”  is an international conference. The conference will be held in order to put forward the values and potential of faith tourism from past to present by synthesizing with many branches of science such as archeology, anthropology, ethnology, geography, architecture, art history and museology, and to introduce and share the richness of Anatolia in this regard between 25-28 August 2022 in centered of Ankara and Cappadocia, Turkey. Especially in terms of the increase in the touristic demand for Turkey, we are honored to see you among us and we look forward to your participation in our conference, which aims to highlight the very high potential values of Anatolia in the history of religions and faith tourism and to deal with tourism science and practices with respect and tolerance within the scope of academic and sectoral dimensions. The Conference on Anatolian Landscape and Faith Tourism: Ancient Times to Present will be held with the support of the Rebuplic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Turkey's leading universities, public institutions and professional organizations, in cooperation with world-renowned respected academics, researchers, industry representatives and professionals, by Atilim University (Turkey), Cappadocia University (Turkey), University of Massachusetts Amherst (USA) and The Association of Turkish Tourism Academics. All kinds of multidisciplinary papers related to faith tourism in English and Turkish will be accepted by our conference. Paper acceptance will be done in the form of an abstract only or a full-text. All papers will be evaluated through double-blind review process. The best paper awards will be given to the first three paper owners as a result of the evaluation of the Conference Scientific Committee. The abstract only or full paper submission deadline is June 10, 2022. Papers presented in our conference will be published by the University of South Florida (USF) M3 Publishing in the form of an internationally edited book. For detailed information about the conference, you can visit our website www.faithtourism.org, for questions you can always contact us via our e-mail [email protected] We wish our conference to be beneficial to all academics and professionals, and we would like to state that we are honored to invite you to this historic meeting. With our best regards, Presidents of the Conference br Prof.Dr. İbrahim BIRKAN (Atılım University) Prof.Dr. Hasan Ali KARASAR (University of Cappadocia) Prof.Dr. Muzaffer UYSAL (University of Massachusetts Amherst USA)< Prof.Dr. Cevdet AVCIKURT (The Association of Turkish Tourism Academics)

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What Is Faith Tourism

Published: December 13, 2023

Modified: December 28, 2023

by Dacia Ebert

• Arts & Culture

Introduction

When it comes to travel, people often seek experiences that go beyond sightseeing and relaxation. They yearn for a deeper connection, a spiritual journey that transcends the physical realm. This is where faith tourism comes into play. Faith tourism, also known as religious tourism, is a form of travel that focuses on visiting sacred sites, religious landmarks, and participating in religious rituals or events.

Faith tourism has been practiced for centuries, drawing pilgrims and travelers from various corners of the world. It offers an opportunity to explore diverse religions, customs, and beliefs while providing a profound spiritual experience.

Within the realm of faith tourism, individuals embark on a quest to deepen their faith, gain spiritual enlightenment, and find solace in places of worship. Whether it’s visiting the sacred temples of India, walking the footsteps of Jesus Christ in Jerusalem, or experiencing the tranquility of Buddhist monasteries in Southeast Asia, faith tourism is a gateway to personal growth and cultural understanding.

The pilgrimage tradition, a significant aspect of faith tourism, has its roots entrenched in the history of civilizations. From ancient times, people have traveled to holy sites to seek blessings, perform religious rites, and connect with their higher power. These historical pilgrimage routes still attract millions of believers and travelers today, preserving the rich heritage and spiritual significance they hold.

In recent years, faith tourism has gained immense popularity, with more people seeking meaningful travel experiences. The reasons behind this upward trend are multifaceted. Some travelers are driven by their religious devotion, looking to strengthen their faith or seek divine intervention. Others embark on faith tours to witness the architectural marvels of religious structures or to immerse themselves in the cultural tapestry woven around these sites. Faith tourism offers a unique blend of spirituality, history, art, and ritualistic practices.

Definition of Faith Tourism

Faith tourism, also referred to as religious tourism, encompasses a wide range of activities undertaken by individuals or groups with the intention of exploring and experiencing religious and spiritual destinations. It involves visiting sacred sites, participating in religious rituals, attending religious events, and immersing oneself in the cultural and historical significance of these places.

At its core, faith tourism is driven by the desire to deepen one’s faith, find spiritual solace, and connect with a higher power. It allows individuals to embark on a transformative journey, seeking answers to life’s existential questions and seeking enlightenment.

What distinguishes faith tourism from other forms of travel is its focus on embracing religious and spiritual heritage. It goes beyond mere sightseeing, incorporating elements of worship, rituals, and devotion. The destinations and activities associated with faith tourism vary depending on the religion or belief system being explored.

While faith tourism is often associated with organized religion, it is not limited to followers of specific faiths. It also encompasses spiritual seekers and individuals interested in studying and experiencing different religious traditions. Faith tourism provides a platform for interfaith dialogue and cultural exchange, fostering understanding and tolerance among diverse religious communities.

The appeal of faith tourism lies in its ability to offer a profound connection to history, culture, and spirituality. It allows travelers to step outside their comfort zones and immerse themselves in the traditions and practices of a given faith. From visiting cathedrals, temples, and mosques to participating in religious processions and pilgrimages, faith tourism provides a multifaceted experience that resonates on a spiritual and intellectual level.

With the rise of experiential and transformative travel, faith tourism has gained popularity among a wide range of travelers. It offers an opportunity to break away from the mundane and embark on a journey of self-discovery and personal growth. Whether one seeks enlightenment, seeks divine blessings, or simply wishes to explore the intricate architecture and cultural heritage of religious sites, faith tourism provides a rich and meaningful travel experience.

Historical Background

The origins of faith tourism can be traced back to ancient civilizations, where pilgrimage and religious travel played a significant role in the lives of people. The concept of visiting sacred sites and embarking on spiritual journeys has been prevalent across different cultures and religions for centuries.

In ancient times, pilgrimage routes emerged as key religious and cultural hubs. For example, in Hinduism, the city of Varanasi in India has been a destination for pilgrims for over 2,500 years. Similarly, in Buddhism, followers embarked on journeys to important sites connected to the life of Gautama Buddha, such as Bodh Gaya and Sarnath.

In Christianity, Jerusalem holds immense historical and religious significance. The footsteps of Jesus Christ and the sites associated with his life, crucifixion, and resurrection have attracted pilgrims since early Christianity. The Camino de Santiago, a network of pilgrimage routes in Europe, has been traveled by millions of Christians seeking spiritual growth and reflection.

Throughout history, faith tourism has been intertwined with political, social, and cultural developments. It has been a means of propagating religious beliefs, establishing spiritual authority, and fostering cultural exchange. The construction of grand cathedrals, temples, and mosques served as not only places of worship but also symbols of power and religious devotion.

The advent of the modern era, with technological advancements and ease of travel, further facilitated the growth of faith tourism. Pilgrimages and visits to sacred sites became more accessible, attracting believers and travelers from all walks of life. The famous Hajj pilgrimage in Islam, for example, draws millions of Muslims to Mecca every year, becoming one of the largest gatherings of people in the world.

In recent years, the concept of faith tourism has evolved to include not only traditional religious sites but also spiritual retreats, wellness centers, and alternative healing practices. People are seeking holistic experiences that integrate mind, body, and spirit, leading to the rise of new forms of faith tourism.

Overall, the historical background of faith tourism showcases the enduring human inclination to seek spiritual experiences and explore the divine. It reflects the cultural, religious, and historical roots that have shaped societies and influenced travel patterns over time.

Importance and Impact of Faith Tourism

Faith tourism holds significant importance and has a profound impact on individuals, communities, and destinations around the world. Let’s explore some key reasons why faith tourism is valued and the positive effects it brings.

1. Spiritual Enrichment: Faith tourism provides individuals with a unique opportunity to deepen their spiritual connection and find solace in a religious or sacred environment. It allows believers to engage in rituals, prayers, and meditation practices that can rejuvenate their faith and offer a sense of peace and tranquility.

2. Cultural Understanding: Faith tourism promotes cultural exchange and interfaith dialogue, fostering understanding and appreciation for diverse religious traditions. By visiting sacred sites, exploring rituals, and interacting with local communities, travelers gain insights into different cultures, customs, and belief systems. This leads to a more tolerant and inclusive society.

3. Economic Benefits: The economic impact of faith tourism cannot be overlooked. Pilgrimages and religious events attract a large number of visitors, generating revenue for local businesses, hotels, restaurants, and transportation services. This influx of tourists often leads to the development of infrastructure and the creation of employment opportunities in religiously significant regions.

4. Preservation of Cultural Heritage: Faith tourism plays a vital role in preserving historical and cultural heritage. Sacred sites and religious landmarks are often repositories of art, architecture, and traditions that hold immense historical value. The support and engagement of faith tourists contribute to the conservation and maintenance of these sites, ensuring their longevity for future generations.

5. Promoting Peace and Unity: Faith tourism has the power to bridge divides and promote peace among people of different religions and backgrounds. It allows travelers to experience firsthand the commonality of human spirituality and the shared values present in various faith traditions. This can foster mutual respect, understanding, and collaboration for a more harmonious world.

6. Personal Growth and Inspiration: Faith tourism offers individuals a chance to embark on a personal journey of self-discovery and growth. It provides a space for reflection, introspection, and contemplation, allowing travelers to gain new perspectives, find inspiration, and seek answers to life’s profound questions.

7. Ecotourism and Sustainable Development: Many faith tourism destinations are located in natural surroundings, such as mountains, forests, or rivers. Recognizing the importance of environmental sustainability, faith tourism can promote ecotourism practices, conservation efforts, and the protection of fragile ecosystems. This ensures the preservation of both spiritual and natural heritage.

In summary, faith tourism offers a range of benefits that extend beyond individual spiritual growth. It promotes cultural understanding, contributes to local economies, preserves cultural heritage, fosters peace and unity, inspires personal growth, and supports sustainable development. As more people seek meaningful and transformative travel experiences, the significance and impact of faith tourism will continue to grow.

Popular Faith Tourism Destinations

Across the globe, there are numerous destinations that attract millions of faith tourists each year. These places hold immense religious, historical, and cultural significance, offering visitors a profound spiritual experience. Let’s explore some of the most popular faith tourism destinations:

1. Jerusalem, Israel: Jerusalem is a sacred city for three major religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It is home to sites like the Western Wall, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and the Al-Aqsa Mosque. Visitors from all over the world come to Jerusalem to walk in the footsteps of Jesus, pray at the Wailing Wall, and experience the diverse religious and cultural heritage of the city.

2. Mecca, Saudi Arabia: Mecca is the holiest city in Islam and the destination of the annual Hajj pilgrimage. The Kaaba, located in the Grand Mosque, is the focal point of prayer for Muslims worldwide. Every year, millions of Muslims travel to Mecca to perform the Hajj, fulfilling one of the Five Pillars of Islam.

3. Varanasi, India: Known as the spiritual capital of India, Varanasi is sacred for Hindus. Situated along the holy River Ganges, this ancient city is a center of pilgrimage and daily rituals. The cremation ghats, where bodies are cremated, and the evening Aarti ceremonies along the riverbanks are powerful experiences for visitors seeking spiritual enlightenment.

4. Lumbini, Nepal: Lumbini holds immense significance in Buddhism as the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism. It is home to the sacred Lumbini Garden and various monasteries built by Buddhist countries. Pilgrims come to Lumbini to pay homage, meditate, and deepen their understanding of the Buddhist teachings.

5. Vatican City, Italy: Vatican City, the spiritual center of the Roman Catholic Church, is a must-visit destination for Catholic pilgrims. Here, visitors can explore St. Peter’s Basilica, participate in Papal audience or Mass, and visit the Vatican Museums, which house renowned artworks, including Michelangelo’s masterpiece, the Sistine Chapel.

6. Rishikesh, India: Rishikesh, nestled in the foothills of the Himalayas, is renowned as the Yoga capital of the world. It attracts spiritual seekers, yoga enthusiasts, and those seeking inner peace. The city offers numerous ashrams, meditation centers, and the iconic Ram Jhula and Laxman Jhula suspension bridges across the Ganges, where pilgrims come to meditate and seek spiritual guidance.

7. Santiago de Compostela, Spain: Santiago de Compostela is the final destination of the Camino de Santiago pilgrimage route. Christian pilgrims walk this ancient trail from different starting points across Europe to reach the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, where the remains of Saint James the Apostle are believed to rest.

These are just a few examples of popular faith tourism destinations; countless other sites, such as the Golden Temple in Amritsar, India, the Blue Mosque in Istanbul, Turkey, and the Angkor Wat temple complex in Cambodia, attract visitors from across the globe. Each destination offers a unique spiritual journey, allowing travelers to connect with their faith, gain cultural insights, and experience the power and beauty of religious heritage.

Types of Faith Tourism

Faith tourism encompasses a variety of experiences and activities, catering to the diverse spiritual needs and interests of travelers. Let’s explore some common types of faith tourism:

1. Pilgrimages: Pilgrimages are a fundamental aspect of faith tourism, involving journeys to sacred sites or places of religious significance. Whether it’s following the steps of religious figures, visiting holy shrines, or completing a prescribed route, pilgrimages offer a deep spiritual experience. Examples include the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca in Islam, the Camino de Santiago in Christianity, and the Kumbh Mela in Hinduism.

2. Religious Festivals and Events: Many faith tourists seek to participate in religious festivals and events to immerse themselves in the vibrant traditions and rituals of a particular religion. This type of faith tourism provides a closer look at the cultural and social aspects of a religious community. Examples include Easter celebrations in Christianity, Diwali in Hinduism, and Eid al-Fitr in Islam.

3. Retreats and Spiritual Wellness: Retreats and spiritual wellness programs cater to individuals seeking inner peace, self-reflection, and personal growth. These experiences often combine elements of meditation, yoga, mindfulness, and other contemplative practices. Visitors immerse themselves in serene natural surroundings or tranquil retreat centers to nourish the mind, body, and spirit.

4. Ecotourism and Nature-based Faith Tourism: Some faith tourists are drawn to destinations that offer a connection to nature and a sense of spirituality through the natural environment. These experiences often involve visits to mountains, forests, rivers, or other natural sites believed to hold spiritual significance. Examples include sacred mountains in Buddhism, such as Mount Kailash in Tibet, or the spiritual significance of the Ganges River in Hinduism.

5. Cultural and Heritage Exploration: Faith tourists interested in cultural and historical aspects of religion often engage in the exploration of religious art, architecture, and archaeological sites. They visit museums, religious landmarks, and historical monuments to understand the evolution and influence of different faith traditions. Examples include exploring the ancient temples of Egypt, the archaeological sites of ancient Greece, or the ruins of ancient Mayan cities in Mexico.

6. Healing and Wellness Centers: Some faith tourists seek healing and wellness experiences rooted in traditional and alternative healing practices associated with different religions. This includes visits to spiritual healers, Ayurvedic or traditional medicine centers, and sacred hot springs or mineral baths. Examples include Ayurvedic treatments in India, traditional Chinese medicine practices, or the healing waters of Lourdes in France.

7. Volunteer and Service Trips: Faith tourism can also involve engagement in volunteer and service projects that align with religious values and teachings. Travelers actively contribute to local communities, participating in social welfare programs, charity work, or environmental conservation initiatives. These trips provide a sense of fulfillment and an opportunity to make a positive impact in the lives of others.

These types of faith tourism cater to the diverse needs of spiritual seekers, offering opportunities for connection, growth, and enrichment. Whether seeking a personal spiritual journey, cultural exploration, or a mix of both, faith tourism provides a range of options for individuals to engage with their faith or explore new spiritual horizons.

Faith Tourism and Local Economy

Faith tourism not only has spiritual and cultural significance but also plays a crucial role in the local economy of destinations that attract religious pilgrims and travelers. The influx of faith tourists brings about various positive economic impacts that benefit the communities and regions hosting these visitors.

1. Revenue Generation: Faith tourism stimulates economic growth by generating revenue for local businesses and entrepreneurs. Pilgrims and visitors require accommodations, meals, transportation, and other essential services during their stay. This creates opportunities for hotels, restaurants, tour operators, souvenir shops, and other businesses to thrive and secure a steady income.

2. Job Creation: The increase in faith visitors also leads to the creation of employment opportunities within the local economy. Hospitality and tourism-related industries experience a surge in demand, thereby necessitating an expanded workforce. This benefits the local community by providing jobs and enhancing socio-economic conditions.

3. Infrastructure Development: Faith tourism often necessitates infrastructure development and improvement. To accommodate and cater to the needs of a growing number of visitors, destinations may invest in building or upgrading transportation systems, hotels, and other tourism-related infrastructure. These infrastructural developments not only benefit faith tourism but also enhance the overall appeal and long-term sustainability of the region’s tourism industry.

4. Cultural Preservation: Faith tourism can contribute to the preservation of cultural heritage in destinations. The need to accommodate and entertain visitors leads to the conservation and maintenance of religious landmarks, historical sites, and cultural artifacts. This ensures the preservation and continuity of important cultural elements, contributing to the overall attractiveness and distinctiveness of the destination.

5. Local Craft and Artisan Support: Faith tourism often fosters support for local arts, crafts, and artisan communities. Visitors are eager to acquire souvenirs and religious artifacts that reflect the cultural identity of the destination. This creates demand for locally made products, encouraging the growth of local craftsmanship and traditional art forms.

6. Sustainable Economic Impact: Faith tourism can bring a sustainable economic impact throughout the year. Unlike seasonal tourism, faith tourism often attracts visitors throughout the year, irrespective of peak or off-peak seasons. This steady flow of tourists helps local businesses maintain a stable income and contributes to the overall economic stability of the destination.

7. Community Development: Faith tourism can also facilitate community development initiatives. Tourists, motivated by their religious beliefs, may engage in philanthropic activities and support local community projects, such as education, healthcare, and social welfare programs. This creates a positive social impact and helps uplift the local community’s living conditions.

In summary, faith tourism has the potential to contribute significantly to the local economy of destinations. It brings revenue generation, job creation, infrastructure development, cultural preservation, support for local craft industries, sustainable economic impact, and community development. By recognizing the economic value of faith tourism, destinations can foster its growth while ensuring responsible and sustainable practices to maximize the benefits for all stakeholders involved.

Challenges and Controversies of Faith Tourism

While faith tourism brings numerous benefits, it is not without its challenges and controversies. These range from practical issues to ethical considerations. Let’s explore some of the challenges and controversies associated with faith tourism:

1. Overcrowding and Environmental Impact: Popular faith tourism destinations can experience overcrowding, especially during peak pilgrimage seasons. This can strain local infrastructure, resources, and the environment. Increased footfall in sensitive areas can lead to environmental degradation, waste management challenges, and damage to cultural and natural heritage sites.

2. Commercialization and Exploitation: Faith tourism can sometimes become overly commercialized, with profit-driven activities overshadowing the spiritual and cultural aspects. Excessive commercialization can lead to the exploitation of local communities, inflated prices, and the commodification of religious and spiritual experiences, compromising their authenticity and integrity.

3. Cultural Appropriation and Misunderstandings: Faith tourism, when not approached with cultural sensitivity, can lead to cultural appropriation and misunderstandings. Travelers may not fully comprehend the significance of certain religious customs, symbols, or rituals and may engage in disrespectful or inappropriate behavior, unintentionally causing offense or cultural tensions with local communities.

4. Social and Economic Disparities: Faith tourism can exacerbate existing social and economic disparities within local communities. The influx of tourists and the development of tourism-related businesses may not equally benefit all members of the community, leading to unequal distribution of wealth and opportunities. Local residents may feel marginalized or excluded from the economic benefits associated with faith tourism.

5. Conflicts and Security Concerns: Faith tourism destinations, particularly those located in politically or religiously sensitive areas, may face the risk of conflicts and security concerns. Tensions between different religious or ethnic groups can impact the safety and overall experience of faith tourists, making it necessary for travelers to exercise caution and stay informed about any potential risks.

6. Preservation of Sacred Sites: The preservation and conservation of sacred sites can be challenging, particularly in locations with high visitor footfall. The constant influx of visitors, improper maintenance practices, and lack of awareness about sustainable tourism can lead to the degradation of sacred sites over time. Striking a balance between accessibility and preservation is crucial for ensuring the long-term integrity of these spiritual landmarks.

7. Ethical Concerns: Ethical concerns may arise when faith tourism involves exploitative practices, such as unauthorized acts of religious conversion, forced or unethical financial donations, or the misrepresentation of religious teachings and practices. These actions can damage the reputation of faith tourism destinations and create tensions between visitors and host communities.

Addressing these challenges and controversies requires collaboration between governments, local communities, religious authorities, and tourists themselves. Implementing sustainable tourism practices, promoting cultural sensitivity and understanding, educating visitors about the significance of sacred sites, and ensuring equitable distribution of the benefits associated with faith tourism are crucial in fostering responsible and harmonious tourism experiences.

Faith tourism offers a unique and enriching travel experience for individuals seeking spiritual connection, cultural understanding, and personal growth. It allows travelers to explore diverse religions, visit sacred sites, participate in rituals, and immerse themselves in the historical and cultural tapestry of different faith traditions.

Throughout history, faith tourism has played a significant role in societies, attracting pilgrims and travelers from all corners of the world. It has not only provided spiritual solace but also contributed to the social, economic, and cultural development of destinations.

The importance and impact of faith tourism are far-reaching. It generates revenue, creates employment opportunities, stimulates infrastructure development, and preserves cultural heritage. Faith tourism also promotes interfaith dialogue, fosters cultural understanding, and instills a sense of peace and unity among diverse religious communities.

However, faith tourism is not without its challenges and controversies. Issues such as overcrowding, commercialization, cultural appropriation, and security concerns require careful attention and sustainable practices to ensure responsible and respectful tourism experiences.

For the future of faith tourism, it is important to strike a balance between meeting the spiritual needs of travelers and preserving the authenticity, integrity, and sustainability of sacred sites. Collaboration between governments, religious authorities, local communities, and tourists themselves is essential in addressing the challenges and promoting the positive impacts of faith tourism.

As travelers continue to seek meaningful and transformative experiences, faith tourism will remain a powerful force, offering a pathway to self-discovery, cultural exchange, and spiritual growth. By embracing the essence of faith tourism and ensuring its responsible practice, we can create a world where religious diversity, peace, and understanding thrive.

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Faith Based Tourism Market

Market Survey on Faith Based Tourism Market Covering Sales Outlook, Up-to-date Key Trends, Market Size and Forecast, Analysis of Tour Package Sales, Visitor Expenditure Outlook, Number of Trip Analysis, Market Statistics on Number of Arrivals and Departures, Statistics on Length of Visit

An In-depth Market Insights of Faith Based Tourism Market including Day Trips and Local Gateways, Museums, Pilgrimages, and Religious and Heritage Tours Covering 30+ Countries like United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Norway, Sweden, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Japan, Korea, Australia, New Zealand, and Others

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Faith-based Tourism Market Outlook (2023 to 2033)

The newly published report of FMI estimates that the global faith-based tourism market could reach US$ 15.07 billion in 2023. As per the report, the market size is forecast to surge at a robust 10.5% CAGR, with the market valuation reaching US$ 40.92 billion by 2033. About 3% to 5% of all tourism-related market revenue is made in the faith-based sector.

Many individuals, nowadays, are looking for more fulfillment, meaning, and purpose in their existence. Hence, more people are traveling for religious reasons as they go on retreats, pilgrimages, and other spiritual travels. This is the primary factor driving the faith-based tourism market growth.

People are getting more interested in learning about other cultures and faiths as the world becomes more intertwined. More people desire to understand and interact with other religious traditions. This has increased the popularity of faith-based tourism.

The rise of faith-based tourism has been influenced by demographic changes including the aging population, expanding middle class, and greater mobility. Millennials, middle-class families, and older people are all looking for memorable vacation experiences that reflect their moral principles and spiritual convictions.

Access to information on faith-based tourist places, activities, and travel choices has been made easier by technology. Travelers can now research, organize, and book their entire journey more easily with the help of digital platforms, booking tools, and online resources. This is a crucial factor for the cultural tourism market expansion.

Sustainable and responsible travel is trending upward even in faith-based tourism. Authentic and valuable experiences that respect the local cultures are what tourists are looking for. Also, they seek locations that support environmentally friendly travel and practices.

Promoting faith-based travel experiences has benefited significantly from social media marketing. This has aided in spotlighting locations, customs, and experiences and encouraged others to go off on similar adventures.

Faith-based travelers are typically interested in one-of-a-kind experiences that reflect their spiritual preferences and ideologies. The advent of specialized faith-based travel programs, including themed pilgrimages, health retreats, and cultural immersions, is the result of this. For pilgrimage tourism market participants, this opens up a wealth of potential.

Religious tourism market players earn revenue through providing accommodation, travel, food, and other services. This is likely to aid in the economic growth of the surrounding area. Thus, faith-based tourism is receiving increased attention and funding as a method to stimulate the economy and support locals sustain their way of life.

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2023 to 2033 Faith-based Tourism Market Outlook in Comparison to Sales Registered from 2018 to 2022

The faith-based tourism market size is projected to grow by US$ 25.85 billion between 2023 and 2033, surpassing the growth of US$ 1.16 billion observed between 2018 and 2022.

Religious tourism involves traveling to different destinations, such as towns, cities, or countries, for personal and faith-related reasons. Religious tourism in the world has become more popular recently, particularly in exotic religious sites in India.

Faith-based tourism or spiritual tourism is considered one of the earlier forms of travel. The notion of pilgrimage has existed since the beginning of human civilization. From the very beginning of time, people have visited sacred places. Cities in the West like Jerusalem, Rome, and Mecca continue to draw millions of tourists every year. From the first pilgrimages, travel that is motivated by religion has existed. Yet, the religious travel and tourism market has grown significantly and become increasingly specialized lately.

Religious travel currently encompasses different sub-niches, from the upscale pilgrimage to backpacking, from religious institution travel to volunteer trips. The tourism market is reaping benefits from this form of travel as it allows tourists to engage in introspection about their faith. This also helps them to gain knowledge about different religions and fosters a deeper understanding of them.

During the late historical period, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the faith-based travel market. To stop the spread of the virus, several countries imposed travel restrictions and lockdown protocols. Numerous worship spaces, pilgrimage destinations, and religious sites were temporarily shuttered or had restricted access. This resulted in the postponement of religious festivals, activities, and pilgrimages. Numerous faith-based travel companies encountered financial difficulties given fewer reservations and cancellations.

The market has seen several changes and adaptations as it has been revamped after the COVID-19 pandemic. FMI projects that the market could witness several growth opportunities during the forecast period.

How is the Rising Participation of Leisure Travelers in Cultural & Heritage Activities Influencing Sales?

Leisure activities like recreation and tourism have led to a significant increase in temporary migration. The global expansion of the tourism sector has brought attention to lesser-known tourism and heritage sites. Governments in various countries are investing in the protection and refurbishment of national heritage sites. Throughout the forecast period, this is anticipated to offer a suitable atmosphere for the market.

Day recreation is gaining popularity among millennials in different countries. This involves leisure activities outside of the home over a short period. To learn about local culture, traditions, religion, and cuisine, younger generations are becoming more interested in visiting historical sites and pilgrimage spots. They are also drawn to faith-based tourism to experience the beauty and spiritual atmosphere of lesser-known religious spots such as cathedrals, temples, and pilgrimages.

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How Increasing Influx of Tourists in Jordan is Fueling Demand for Faith-based Tourism?

South Asia and East Asia are highly sought-after regions for faith-based tourism. Millions of people travel to China, India, Thailand, Sri Lanka, and other nations to visit their religious sites.

The Middle East is also a popular destination for religious travelers, with Jordan being a significant hotspot. The Jordan faith-based tourism market is projected to exhibit a 15.5% CAGR between 2023 and 2033. Foreign tourists account for 92% of all tourism-related GDP contributions. This is around US$ 4.76 billion, as reported by the Jordan Investment Commission. In 2019, Jordan welcomed around 30,000 visitors who specifically came to visit the country's sacred sites. This represented an increase of 7.9% over the preceding years.

Economic stability is being enhanced by tourism, which contributes 19.4% of Jordan's GDP. Jordan is home to several holy sites and shrines including the Wadi Rum desert. The Baptist site, the Prophets' Shrines, the Dead Sea, and the lowest point on Earth. Therefore, the nation has developed into a lucrative travel destination.

Market participants are introducing affordable services for consumers to enhance their travels, consequently boosting Jordan's entire tourism industry. The Jordan Tourist Board (JTB) and Venture X signed a Memorandum of Understanding in February 2021. This MoU aims to establish a strategic relationship for the creation of a tourism-focused start-up venture. This is likely to generate prospects for market expansion.

Saudi Arabia is also an important country in the Middle East when it comes to religious and faith-based tourism. Every year during the Hajj, Mecca welcomes millions of Muslim pilgrims from across the globe. The Saudi Arabia hajj tourism market is likely to register a CAGR of 7% during the forecast period.

Comparative Analysis of the Adjacent Market

Faith-based Tourism Market:

Ethno-tourism Community-based Eco Tourism Market:

Tourism Market:

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Exploring the Regional Patterns of the Faith-based Tourism Market: An In-depth Examination at the Country Level

Walking in the footsteps of martin luther: religious tourism in germany appeals devoted pilgrims.

Europe faith-based tourism market dominated the global market in 2022. Europe is home to several pilgrimage routes that fascinate millions of faith-based tourists every year. When it comes to millennials and solo travelers looking for meaningful travel experiences, faith-based tourism is in high demand in Europe. A particularly potential industry in Europe is LGBTQ+ faith-based tourism.

Interfaith collaboration and conversation are encouraged by certain European countries. The preponderance of religious travelers in Europe is Christians. However, there has been a considerable rise in travelers from other faiths, including Islam, Judaism, and Buddhism. This pattern reveals a significant interest in interfaith conversation and a desire to know more about other religious traditions.

The Germany faith-based tourism market is a booming industry that satisfies travelers in quest of spiritual and religious experiences. The country has a rich history of religious diversity and cultural heritage. Therefore, it offers a wide range of faith-based tourism opportunities, attracting both domestic and international tourists. Additionally, Germany's central location in Europe makes it a convenient location for faith-based travelers.

The Wieskirche Pilgrimage Church, the Dresden Church of Our Lady, and the Cologne Cathedral are a few renowned places of worship in Germany. Another noteworthy location that is eminent for its association with Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation is the Wartburg Castle. Germany is a melting pot of diverse religions and interfaith tourism is also prevalent here. This encourages visitors to learn about the various religious beliefs and traditions practiced in the country.

The Intersection of Culture and Religion: Unique Faith-based Tourism in India Lures Devotees from Around the World

The Asia Pacific faith-based tourism market is considered the religious core of the world. The Asia Pacific travel and tourism business includes religious tourism as one of its rapidly expanding subsectors. According to estimates, there are more than half a billion domestic and international spiritual and religious expeditions held each year, with the Asia Pacific region hosting a significant proportion of them.

The India faith-based tourism market expansion is aided by the enormous influx of tourists attracted to religious events. The market in India has been also propelled by the country's explosive increase in spiritual tourism. Furthermore, initiatives by the Indian government to promote tourism are fostering a favorable outlook for the industry. Such as Swadesh Darshan and Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spirituality Augmentation Drive.

The India travel and tourism market has witnessed an increase in government-backed investments. These investments are creating prospects for market expansion. For instance, the Ministry of Tourism of the Government of India created the Adopt a Heritage: Apni Dharohar, Apni Pehchaan program. The Department of Archaeological Survey of India, the Ministry of Tourism, and State Governments are working together to strategically develop tourist amenities. Such as historical sites throughout India.

Statistics from ixigo.com shows that hotel reservations have increased by more than 50% for Puri. Similarly, more than 30% for Varanasi and more than 30% for other spiritual and religious places like Tirupati, Shirdi, and so forth. Market participants are thus concentrating on this trend to get a competitive edge. One such example is the formation of the website MyHolyTour. This was developed by the business Sai Amartya Tourism Pvt. Ltd. to better assist pilgrims on their religious voyages.

From Megachurches to Monasteries: Faith-based Tourism in the United States Witnesses a Renaissance

The North America faith-based tourism market is also a significant industry where religious demographics play a significant role. The developing trend of spiritual and wellness tourism is a key factor driving the market growth. The National Tour Association (NTA) asserts that religious travel has a strong history in North America. A Faith-based Tourism Advisory Group has been created by the NTA to assist it in developing strategies that could apply to the sector and boost economic potential.

The United States faith-based tourism market is the key market in this region. A recent survey found that about 35% of American visitors who travel overseas have a religious preference. According to the study, 17% of respondents expressed a desire to do this within the next five years. Despite being the third popular tourist destination in the world, 18.5 million people travel here each year for religious purposes. Consequently, faith-based travel is a prominent trend in this country.

Government entities are taking several steps to establish new businesses with the primary purpose of boosting religious and pilgrimage travel in the United States. Timor-Leste, for instance, launched the Faith-based Tourism Association in October 2021 in the Dili Cathedral. To commemorate Pope John Paul II's 1989 trip to the United States. The United States Agency for International Development's Tourism for all Initiative and religious leaders had worked together for several years before the launch event.

Exploring the Faith-based Tourism Market: An In-depth Segment Analysis

The undisputed dominance of religious and heritage tours in faith travel.

The religious and heritage tours segment is expected to hold a substantial share in terms of sales, according to forecasts based on type. Religious and heritage tours segment dominate the market. Due to the intersection of cultural relevance, faith-based experiences, and coordinated activities. This growth can be attributed to the increasing preference among millennials and younger adults to experience diverse religions and cultures. These travelers are keen on learning more about customs, beliefs, and history, which has contributed to the rise in demand for such tours.

Religious and heritage sites have cultural and historical value. This appeals to tourists looking for spiritual enrichment and cultural immersion. This type of faith-based tourism also offers tailored experiences like pilgrimages and worship services. As a result, it appeals to certain religious groups in the area of religious and historical excursions.

Domestic Tourists Lead the Way in the Faith-based Tourism Market

The market is dominated by domestic travelers for numerous reasons. Compared to international tourists, domestic tourists commonly have easier access. Domestic faith-based tourism often entails lower costs. Hence, it could be convenient and less expensive to visit since they live close to places of worship.

Domestic tourists are also more likely to be aware of the cultural and religious significance of these sites. This makes them more willing to travel there for spiritual or pilgrimage-related reasons. Domestic visitors can also feel a deeper sense of duty or devotion to visit these locations because of their emotional ties to their religion.

Domestic travelers typically have more social and family ties to their home country. Therefore, traveling to places of worship allows individuals to engage in religious activities, socialize with locals, and strengthen social and family networks. They also involve in faith-based tourism within their state to support local faith and culture.

Faith-based Tourism Market: Analyzing Key Players, Strategies, and Market Share in the Global Landscape

The faith-based tourism industry is competitive with various players catering to the unique demands and preferences of religious travelers. It is also very diverse and includes players from several domains. This includes travel agencies, tour operators, religious organizations, hotels, restaurants, transportation services, destination marketing organizations, online travel agencies, booking platforms, and so on. Leading players are focusing on improving their offerings by providing discounts, new tour locations, and packages to gain a competitive edge in the market.

Recent Developments in the Faith-based Tourism Industry

• A 10-day pilgrimage to the Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima was announced by 206 Tours Inc. in March 2023. It is one of the prominent Marian Shrines that exists today. Given its prophetic and eschatological components, notably with a potential world war and Russia's conversion, the Fatima events became renowned.
• The Wendy Wu Tours revealed in March 2023 that they are organizing a free and larger-than-ever virtual concert in China. The purpose of this event is to highlight China's famous places and distinctive hidden gems.
• Martin Randall Travel Ltd. announced its three-day exhibition tour, Discovering Ceremony in Canberra, in August 2021. This showcases the dynamic fusion of many artistic approaches and styles, used by contemporary Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander artists in Australia.

How can Market Players in the Faith-based Tourism Market Boost their Business?

• Provide specialized faith-based trip packages that are aimed at certain religious communities and pilgrimage destinations.
• Work together with local religious institutions, houses of worship, and religious authorities to earn their endorsement and backing.
• Leverage digital marketing techniques, such as social media and content marketing for religious tourism, to connect and engage with the target audience.
• Arrange for distinctive experiences like cultural activities, rituals, and contact with regional communities for a better experience.
• Develop trustworthy connections with tour guides, travel influencers, and travel agencies to enhance promotional activities.
• Deliver competitive rates, discounts, and promotions to appeal to budget-conscious religious tourists and promote recurring revenue.

Key Players

• Martin Randall Travel Ltd
• Heritage Tours & Travels
• Bestway Tours & Safaris
• Regina Tours
• Travelway Europe
• 206 Tours Inc.
• Maranatha Tours
• Indus Travels Inc.
• Brightspark Travel Inc.
• Wendy Wu Tours
• ACE Cultural Tours
• Kesari Tours Pvt Ltd
• Go Thailand Tours
• N.S. Travel & Tours Co., Ltd
• Vansol Travel & Tours
• Catholic Travel Centre
• Amiel Tours LTD
• Israel Travel Providers, LLC
• Gil Travel Group

Global Faith-based Tourism Market by Category

• Day Trips & Local Gateways
• Pilgrimages
• Religious and Heritage Tours

By Booking Channel:

• Phone Booking
• Online Booking
• In Person Booking

By Tourist Type:

• International

By Tour Type:

• Independent Traveler
• Package Traveler

By Consumer Orientation:

By age group:.

• 15 to 25 Years
• 26 to 35 Years
• 36 to 45 Years
• 46 to 55 Years
• 66 to 75 Years
• North America
• Latin America
• The Middle East and Africa(MEA)

Frequently Asked Questions

Which countries dominate the global faith-based tourism market.

Thailand. India and China dominate the global market.

What is the Growth Forecast for Faith-based Tourism Market?

The market is forecast to register a CAGR of 10.5% through 2033.

How is the Historical Performance of the Faith-based Tourism Market?

From 2018 to 2022, the market grew at a CAGR of 2.2%.

Which is the Top Trend in the Faith-Based Tourism Market?

Technological advancement disrupts the current market trends.

What is the Projected Size of the Market by 2033?

The global market size is to reach US$ 40.92 billion by 2033.

Table of Content

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All set for 2024 Kisumu Fish Fiesta as auditions begin

The Fish Fiesta event is part of the ongoing implementation of 'Kisumu my pride' campaign to market the entire county as a tourism hub.

The aim of the campaign is to appreciate everything in the county to ensure they bring out the best of Kisumu to the world.

All is set for the Kisumu signature event dubbed Fish Fiesta as the county tourism department showcases the best culture from the Lakeside with aim of promoting tourism in the county.

This year's edition of the event will be held from April 25-27 at the Jomo Kenyatta Sports Grounds.

This year's theme is ‘Flavours of the Lake: Fishing tourism as an opportunity for sustainable development’.

Already, auditions have started with organisers banking on the event to create business opportunities and foster cultural exchange within the region whilst promoting tourism.

Kisumu Deputy Governor Mathews Owili noted that the exercise will be conducted across all the eight subcounties.

The auditions, Owili revealed, have so far attracted contestants in boat racing, body building, traditional wrestling, beauty competition (Mr and Miss Tourism), and traditional art among others.

The auditions will start on Saturday at Nyang’oma Hall in Muhoroni County followed by Nyakach subcounty at Katito town on Sunday.

Contestants within the subcounties will audition for Mr and Miss Tourism, Mr and Miss Flex, Mr and Miss Strong, traditional Luo wrestling and traditional art.

"Fish Fiesta is the county’s signature tourism event that showcases Kisumu as a vibrant hub for fishing tourism besides giving an opportunity to various stakeholders and visitors to explore existing opportunities in the sector," Owili told the media.

The DG noted that they are committed as a county government to harness the potential of the blue economy to improve the living standards of the community.

He said they aim to highlight the significance of the fishing industry, promote responsible fishing and at the same time explore untapped opportunities within the fishing tourism sector through the event.

"I want to urge all government agencies, civil society organisations and stakeholders to join hands and make the event a success," he said.